Distraction device

Abstract

The invention discloses a spreader, and relates to the technical field of medical instruments, the spreader comprises a sleeve, a sliding groove is formed in the sleeve, a sliding block is slidably connected to the interior of the sliding groove, a rod body is fixedly connected to the outer side of the sliding block, the rod body is slidably connected to the center position of the sleeve, and four groups of spreading pieces are fixedly connected to the rod body; an expanding mechanism is arranged in the rod body and on the inner side of the expanding piece, expanding operation on the deep space is achieved through the expanding mechanism, and the expanding mechanism has two forms. According to the distraction device and the design of the distraction mechanisms in two different forms, the applicability and flexibility of the distraction device in different surgery scenes are greatly improved, a more convenient and efficient surgery operation tool is provided for medical staff, the success rate and the treatment effect of a surgery can be improved, flexible selection and use can be achieved according to different surgery scenes and requirements, and the distraction device is suitable for popularization and application. And the success rate of an operation and the rehabilitation effect of a patient can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical device technology, specifically to a spreader. Background Technology

[0002] Medical retractors are commonly used surgical instruments, primarily used to open surgical incisions or body cavities during surgery to expose the surgical field and facilitate manipulation by medical personnel.

[0003] Prior art (Chinese Patent No. CN201453503U, published on May 12, 2010) discloses a novel medical umbrella-shaped retractor. This novel medical umbrella-shaped retractor consists of a central positioning and fixing device, a retractor support strip, an adhesive felt tape, a retractor switch, and an elastic net. One end of the retractor support strip is fixed to the central positioning and fixing device, forming an umbrella shape. The elastic net is connected to the bottom of the umbrella shape through the central positioning and fixing device, and its edge is hooked to the other end of the retractor support strip. The positive effects are: ease of use for doctors and maintenance of dressing stability during use; and significant cost reduction due to the recyclability of the umbrella-shaped retractor.

[0004] Furthermore, prior art 2 (Chinese patent CN212853544U, published on 2021-04-02) discloses a medical spinal surgery spreader, including an upper connecting rod, a lower connecting rod, an upper spreading blade, a lower spreading blade, a pin, a handle screw, a screw support, and a square nut; the upper connecting rod and the lower connecting rod are connected by a pin, the screw support is connected to the upper connecting rod by a pin, and the screw support can rotate on the upper connecting rod; the square nut is connected to the lower connecting rod by a pin, and the nut can rotate on the lower connecting rod; the handle screw passes through the square nut and is connected to the screw support; the front end of the upper connecting rod is connected to the upper spreading blade by a pin, and the front end of the lower connecting rod is connected to the lower spreading blade by a pin; rotating the handle screw can drive the upper and lower spreading blades to spread open the surgical incision. This medical spinal diffuser has a simple structure and is easy to operate. After the spinal diffuser is opened, the surgical incision field is wide and the surgery is convenient. The two diffuser blades make it easy to open the spinal diffuser and cause less damage to the wound.

[0005] While existing retractors can expand the surgical field, most of them have a relatively single function and cannot meet the diverse needs of different surgical sites and types for the shape and range of deep space expansion. Some surgeries may require uniform circular expansion of the incision to obtain a full field of vision, while other surgeries may require directional, large-area fan-shaped expansion of a specific area. Existing single-shaped retractors often cannot take into account these different scenarios.

[0006] Therefore, we propose a spreader to address the problems mentioned above. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a retractor to solve the problem mentioned in the background art that the current market is unable to meet the diverse needs of different surgical sites and types of surgery for the shape and range of deep space retraction. Some surgeries may require uniform circular retraction of the incision to obtain a full field of vision, while other surgeries may require directional, large-area fan-shaped retraction of a specific area. Existing single-form retractors often cannot take into account these different scenarios.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a spreader, comprising a sleeve, wherein a sliding groove is provided inside the sleeve, and a slider is slidably connected inside the sliding groove, and a rod is fixedly connected to the outside of the slider. The rod is slidably connected at the center position of the sleeve, and four sets of spreading plates are fixedly connected to the rod. A spreading mechanism is provided inside the rod and inside the spreading plates. The spreading mechanism can cause the four sets of spreading plates to deform, thereby realizing the spreading operation of deep space. The spreading mechanism has two forms.

[0009] Preferably, an electromagnetic sleeve is fixedly connected to the lower interior of the sleeve, and an electromagnetic plate is fixedly connected to the outer side of the rod. The electromagnetic plate is located below the slider, and when the rod moves down, the outer side of the electromagnetic plate comes into contact with the coil inside the electromagnetic sleeve.

[0010] Preferably, electromagnets are provided on both sides of the spreading piece, and the electromagnets are electrically connected to the electromagnetic sleeve, and the magnetic properties of adjacent sets of electromagnets are opposite when energized.

[0011] Preferably, the spreading mechanism includes a first pull rope, which is fixedly connected to the center of the rod at the corresponding position at the lower end of the spreading piece, and the other end of the first pull rope extends to the outer side of the upper end of the rod, and the spreading piece in the first form is initially in a taut state.

[0012] Preferably, the expansion piece is deformed by the traction of the first pull rope, and the deformed expansion piece is set in an arc shape. The deformation state of the expansion piece is adjusted by the upward pulling force of the first pull rope.

[0013] Preferably, the spreading mechanism includes an inner rod, which is fixedly connected to the center of the rod body. In the second configuration, the inner rod is located on the inner side of the four spreading plates, and in the second configuration, the spreading plates are initially in an unstretched state, and the sides of the four spreading plates are connected by the magnetic attraction of an electromagnet.

[0014] Preferably, an upper adjusting plate and a lower adjusting plate are slidably connected inside the inner rod, with the upper adjusting plate located above the lower adjusting plate. A second pull rope is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the upper adjusting plate, and the upper end of the second pull rope extends to the outside of the rod body. A third pull rope is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the lower adjusting plate, and the upper end of the third pull rope extends to the outside of the rod body.

[0015] Preferably, the second pull rope is initially in a taut state, and the third pull rope is initially in a loose state. By reducing the tension on the second pull rope, the upper adjusting plate can slide downward, and by pulling the third pull rope, the lower adjusting plate can move upward.

[0016] Preferably, the outer side of the inner rod is hinged to a spreading rotating rod, and the spreading rotating rod is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the four sets of spreading plates. The inner side of the spreading rotating rod is hinged to an adjusting rotating rod. The inner sides of the upper and lower adjusting plates are both hinged to the adjusting rotating rods at the corresponding positions. The upper and lower sets of adjusting rotating rods rotate in opposite directions. The inner rod has a movable groove on its side, and the adjusting rotating rod is slidably arranged on the movable groove. The middle part of the deformed spreading plate is set in a straight state.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: Equipped with electromagnets, when medical personnel insert the rod into the body, they push the rod to slide along the sleeve. As the rod begins to move downwards, the outer side of the electromagnet plate comes into contact with the coil inside the electromagnet sleeve, energizing the sleeve and thus energizing the electromagnet connected to it. In the energized state, the magnetic properties of adjacent electromagnets are opposite, and the adjacent spreading plates will move closer together under the action of the electromagnets, thus closing, allowing the rod to smoothly enter the required part without resistance from the separated spreading plates. Furthermore, after the rod reaches the designated deep space, the appropriate position can be selected according to the actual situation to carry out the spreading operation.

[0018] When the first configuration is selected, since the first pull rope is fixedly connected to the center of the rod at the corresponding position at the lower end of the expansion piece, and the other end extends to the outer side of the upper end of the rod, medical staff only need to pull the first pull rope upwards, and the expansion piece, which is in a taut state, will deform under the traction and unfold into an arc structure. By precisely controlling the upward pulling force of the first pull rope, the degree of deformation of the expansion piece can be flexibly adjusted to adapt to deep spaces of different sizes and shapes, and to effectively support the space.

[0019] When the second configuration is selected, the second pull rope is initially taut while the third pull rope is loose. Medical staff first reduce the tension on the second pull rope, and the upper adjustment plate slides downward under gravity. Then, the third pull rope is pulled, causing the lower adjustment plate to move upward. As the upper and lower adjustment plates move, the adjustment lever slides along the movable groove, causing the opening lever to rotate. This pushes the initially untaut opening piece outward, and the edges of the opening piece are set in a straight position after opening, thus achieving the purpose of supporting the deep space.

[0020] The two different forms of the retractor design greatly improve the applicability and flexibility of the retractor in different surgical scenarios, providing medical staff with a more convenient and efficient surgical tool, which helps to improve the success rate of surgery and treatment effect. It can be flexibly selected according to different surgical scenarios and needs, which helps to improve the success rate of surgery and the patient's recovery effect. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the first pull rope three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged structural diagram at point B; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the first aspect of the expanded structure of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional cross-sectional structure of the second embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 Enlarged structural diagram at point C; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the second aspect of the expanded structure of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the third pull rope of the present invention.

[0022] In the diagram: 1. Rod body; 2. Sleeve; 3. First pull rope; 4. Spreading plate; 5. Slider; 6. Slide groove; 7. Electromagnetic sleeve; 8. Electromagnetic plate; 9. Electromagnet; 10. Second pull rope; 11. Third pull rope; 12. Inner rod; 13. Movable groove; 14. Upper adjusting plate; 15. Lower adjusting plate; 16. Adjusting rod; 17. Spreading rod. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] Example 1: To provide sufficient space for subsequent medical procedures, this application includes a spreading mechanism to open up the deep space. Additionally, to improve the smoothness of device insertion, this application includes an electromagnet 9. Figure 1 - Figure 3 and Figure 5 and Figure 7 The present invention provides the following technical solution: a spreader, wherein a groove 6 is provided inside the sleeve 2, and a slider 5 is slidably connected inside the groove 6, and a rod 1 is fixedly connected to the outside of the slider 5. The rod 1 is slidably connected at the center position of the sleeve 2, and four sets of spreading plates 4 are fixedly connected to the rod 1. A spreading mechanism is provided inside the rod 1 and inside the spreading plates 4. The spreading mechanism can deform the four sets of spreading plates 4, thereby realizing the spreading operation of deep space. The spreading mechanism is provided in two forms: an electromagnetic sleeve 7 is fixedly connected to the lower inside of the sleeve 2, and an electromagnetic plate 8 is fixedly connected to the outside of the rod 1. The electromagnetic plate 8 is located below the slider 5. When the rod 1 moves down, the outside of the electromagnetic plate 8 is in contact with the coil provided inside the electromagnetic sleeve 7. Electromagnets 9 are provided on both sides of the spreading plate 4, and the electromagnets 9 are electrically connected to the electromagnetic sleeve 7. When energized, the magnetic properties of adjacent sets of electromagnets 9 are opposite.

[0025] In medical procedures, this equipment is equipped with an electromagnet 9. When medical personnel perform an insertion procedure, inserting the rod 1 into the patient's body, they push the rod 1, causing it to slide along the sleeve 2. In the mating structure between the rod 1 and the sleeve 2, the slider 5 is tightly embedded in the groove 6. As the rod 1 slides, the slider 5 slides synchronously and smoothly within the groove 6, ensuring the stability of the rod 1's sliding process and effectively preventing any wobbling or deviation during sliding. When the rod 1 begins to move downwards under the push of the medical personnel, the outer side of the electromagnetic plate 8 and the coil inside the electromagnetic sleeve 7 are tightly fitted, triggering electromagnetic induction. The electromagnetic sleeve 7 is quickly energized. Because the electromagnetic sleeve 7 and the electromagnet 9 are electrically connected through a precise circuit design, the energization of the electromagnetic sleeve 7 is immediately transmitted to the electromagnet 9, causing the electromagnet 9 to also become energized. The energized electromagnet 9 then exhibits magnetic properties. In this system, two adjacent sets of electromagnets 9 are in a state of opposite magnetic properties. Based on the principle of like poles repelling and unlike poles attracting in the interaction between magnetic poles, the adjacent spreading plates 4 gradually move closer under the magnetic force of the electromagnets 9. This ensures that the spreading plates 4 can close tightly, so that the rod 1 will not generate unnecessary friction and resistance with the surrounding tissues due to the separated spreading plates 4 during the process of entering the required part of the patient's body. This greatly reduces the difficulty of operation, improves the smoothness and safety of the insertion process, and ensures that the rod 1 can reach the designated deep space without any obstruction. After the rod 1 successfully reaches the designated deep space, medical staff can select the most appropriate position according to the patient's specific condition, tissue condition, and actual treatment needs, and start the spreading operation. This provides a good operating space and conditions for subsequent treatment operations, greatly improving the effectiveness and accuracy of medical operations.

[0026] Example 2: The technical content disclosed in this example is the first form of the spreading mechanism. By adjusting the position of the first pull rope 3, the spreading plate 4 is made to have an arc-shaped structure after being spread up, such as... Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 6 The present invention provides the following technical solution: a spreader, wherein the spreader mechanism includes a first pull rope 3, the first pull rope 3 is fixedly connected to the center position of the rod 1 at the corresponding position at the lower end of the spreader piece 4, and the other end of the first pull rope 3 extends to the outer side of the upper end of the rod 1. In the first state, the spreader piece 4 is initially in a taut state. The spreader piece 4 is deformed by the traction of the first pull rope 3, and the deformed spreader piece 4 is set in an arc-shaped structure. The deformation state of the spreader piece 4 is adjusted by the upward pulling force of the first pull rope 3.

[0027] When medical staff select the first configuration of the device based on actual treatment needs, the first pull rope 3 provides precise control of the expanding plate 4. One end of the first pull rope 3 is firmly and precisely fixed to the center of the rod 1 at the corresponding position at the lower end of the expanding plate 4, while the other end extends cleverly to the outer side of the upper end of the rod 1, providing a convenient operating port for medical staff. In actual operation, medical staff only need to pull the first pull rope 3 upward with appropriate force. At this time, the expanding plate 4, which was originally in a relatively relaxed or pre-tightened state, will instantly change its state due to the traction of the first pull rope 3. The expanding plate 4 itself has a certain degree of flexibility and elasticity. Under the continuous action of the pulling force, it will gradually deform and unfold into an arc structure. Medical staff can control the first pull rope to achieve this. The upward pulling force allows for flexible adjustment of the deformation degree of the expansion piece 4. When it is necessary to expand a small and relatively regular deep space, medical staff only need to apply a small pulling force, and the expansion piece 4 will unfold in a relatively gentle manner, forming an arc structure of appropriate size, which just right supports the space. When facing a large and complex deep space, medical staff can appropriately increase the pulling force, and the expansion piece 4 will further increase the degree of deformation under the stronger traction force, unfolding into a larger arc structure, thus closely conforming to the contour of the deep space. This achieves effective support for deep spaces of different sizes and shapes, enabling the device to be widely used in various complex medical scenarios, providing medical staff with great operational convenience and precise treatment support.

[0028] Example 3: The difference between this example and Example 1 is that the technical content disclosed in this example is the second form of the spreading mechanism. By adjusting the state of the second pull rope 10 and the third pull rope 11, the side of the spreading plate 4 is made straight after it is spread up, such as... Figure 7 - Figure 10The present invention provides the following technical solution: a spreader, wherein the spreading mechanism includes an inner rod 12, which is fixedly connected to the center of the rod body 1. In a second configuration, the inner rod 12 is positioned inside four sets of spreading plates 4, and the spreading plates 4 are initially untensioned in the second configuration. The sides of the four sets of spreading plates 4 are connected by the magnetic attraction of an electromagnet 9. An upper adjusting plate 14 and a lower adjusting plate 15 are slidably connected inside the inner rod 12, with the upper adjusting plate 14 located above the lower adjusting plate 15. A second pull rope 10 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the upper adjusting plate 14, and the upper end of the second pull rope 10 extends to the outside of the rod body 1. A third pull rope 11 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the lower adjusting plate 15, and the upper end of the third pull rope 11 extends to the outside of the rod body 1. On the outer side of the rod 1, the second pull rope 10 is initially taut, and the third pull rope 11 is initially loose. By reducing the tension on the second pull rope 10, the upper adjusting plate 14 can slide downward, and by pulling the third pull rope 11, the lower adjusting plate 15 can move upward. The outer side of the inner rod 12 is hinged to a spreading rotating rod 17, and the spreading rotating rod 17 is set in a one-to-one correspondence with the four sets of spreading plates 4. The inner side of the spreading rotating rod 17 is hinged to an adjusting rotating rod 16. The inner sides of the upper adjusting plate 14 and the lower adjusting plate 15 are both hinged to the corresponding adjusting rotating rods 16, and the rotation directions of the upper and lower sets of adjusting rotating rods 16 are opposite. The inner rod 12 has a movable groove 13 on its side, and the adjusting rotating rod 16 is slidably set on the movable groove 13. The middle part of the deformed spreading plate 4 is set in a straight state.

[0029] When medical staff select the second configuration of the device to perform operations based on actual medical needs, in the initial state, the second pull rope 10 is taut, while the third pull rope 11 is loose. At the start of operation, the medical staff reduces the tension on the second pull rope 10 with appropriate force. The upper adjustment plate 14, which was originally restricted by the second pull rope 10, is unrestrained and begins to slide downwards under the natural force of gravity. Immediately afterwards, the medical staff pulls the third pull rope 11, and the lower adjustment plate 15 begins to move upwards under the pull. The downward sliding of the upper adjustment plate 14 and the upward movement of the lower adjustment plate 15 form a synergistic effect. As the upper adjusting plate 14 and the lower adjusting plate 15 move, the adjusting rod 16 slides along the movable groove 13, causing the opening rod 17 to rotate. The rotation of the opening rod 17 acts on the opening plate 4, which is initially in an unstretched state. The opening plate 4 is pushed outward by the opening rod 17. After opening, the sides of the opening plate 4 are set to be straight. This allows the opening plate 4 to provide more uniform and stable support when it comes into contact with the deep space, avoiding the problem of uneven support caused by irregular side shape. This provides a good operating environment for subsequent medical operations and ensures the smooth progress of the entire medical process.

[0030] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A spreader, comprising a sleeve (2), wherein a groove (6) is provided inside the sleeve (2), and a slider (5) is slidably connected inside the groove (6), and a rod (1) is fixedly connected to the outside of the slider (5), the rod (1) being slidably connected at the center position of the sleeve (2), characterized in that, Four sets of support plates (4) are fixedly connected to the rod (1). A support mechanism is provided inside the rod (1) and inside the support plates (4). The four sets of support plates (4) can be deformed by the support mechanism, thereby realizing the support operation of the deep space. The support mechanism has two forms.

2. The expander according to claim 1, characterized in that: An electromagnetic sleeve (7) is fixedly connected to the lower interior of the sleeve (2), and an electromagnetic plate (8) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the rod (1). The electromagnetic plate (8) is located below the slider (5), and when the rod (1) moves down, the outer side of the electromagnetic plate (8) is in contact with the coil inside the electromagnetic sleeve (7).

3. A spreader according to claim 2, characterized in that: Electromagnets (9) are provided on both sides of the spreading piece (4), and the electromagnets (9) are electrically connected to the electromagnetic sleeve (7), and the magnetic properties of two adjacent sets of electromagnets (9) are opposite when energized.

4. A spreader according to claim 3, characterized in that: The spreading mechanism includes a first pull rope (3), which is fixedly connected to the center of the rod (1) at the corresponding position at the lower end of the spreading piece (4), and the other end of the first pull rope (3) extends to the outer side of the upper end of the rod (1), and the spreading piece (4) in the first state is initially in a taut state.

5. A spreader according to claim 4, characterized in that: The expansion piece (4) is deformed by the traction of the first pull rope (3), and the deformed expansion piece (4) is set in an arc shape. The deformation state of the expansion piece (4) is adjusted by the upward pulling force of the first pull rope (3).

6. A spreader according to claim 3, characterized in that: The spreading mechanism includes an inner rod (12), which is fixedly connected to the center of the rod body (1). In the second form, the inner rod (12) is located inside the four sets of spreading plates (4), and in the second form, the spreading plates (4) are initially in an unstretched state, and the sides of the four sets of spreading plates (4) are connected by the magnetic adsorption of the electromagnet (9).

7. A spreader according to claim 6, characterized in that: The inner rod (12) is slidably connected to an upper adjusting plate (14) and a lower adjusting plate (15), with the upper adjusting plate (14) located above the lower adjusting plate (15). A second pull rope (10) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the upper adjusting plate (14), and the upper end of the second pull rope (10) extends to the outside of the rod body (1). A third pull rope (11) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the lower adjusting plate (15), and the upper end of the third pull rope (11) extends to the outside of the rod body (1).

8. A spreader according to claim 7, characterized in that: The second pull rope (10) is initially in a taut state, and the third pull rope (11) is initially in a loose state. By reducing the tension on the second pull rope (10), the upper adjustment plate (14) can slide downward, and by pulling the third pull rope (11), the lower adjustment plate (15) can move upward.

9. A spreader according to claim 8, characterized in that: The outer side of the inner rod (12) is hinged to a spreading rotating rod (17), and the spreading rotating rod (17) is set in a one-to-one correspondence with the four sets of spreading plates (4). The inner side of the spreading rotating rod (17) is hinged to an adjusting rotating rod (16). The inner sides of the upper adjusting plate (14) and the lower adjusting plate (15) are both hinged to the corresponding adjusting rotating rods (16). The upper and lower sets of adjusting rotating rods (16) rotate in opposite directions. The side of the inner rod (12) is provided with a movable groove (13), and the adjusting rotating rod (16) is slidably set on the movable groove (13). The middle part of the deformed spreading plate (4) is set in a straight state.

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