A water conservancy project slope safety monitoring device and method based on internet of things and image recognition

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of based on Internet of Things and image recognition's water conservancy engineering side slope safety monitoring device and monitoring method, it is related to water conservancy engineering safety monitoring technical field.The device includes monitoring instrument bearing platform, side surface acquisition mechanism, bottom installation adjusting mechanism and integrated displacement and image sensor's mobile sliding table.The application realizes the transverse self-adapting movement of monitoring platform by bottom installation adjusting mechanism, adjusts sensor vertical height by mobile sliding table and limiting slide plate, solves the problem that traditional monitoring point is fixed, difficult to dynamically cover.The device integrates multiple sensors such as soil pressure, displacement, image, wind speed and direction, and realizes energy self-sufficiency by solar power supply system.Side surface acquisition mechanism has pneumatic self-cleaning function, which can automatically remove contaminants on the surface of sensor.All data are processed by control panel, uploaded to cloud platform by network camera through Internet of Things for intelligent analysis and early warning.The application realizes the integration of multi-parameter synchronous acquisition, point adaptive adjustment, self-cleaning maintenance and remote intelligent early warning, significantly improves the automation level and early warning timeliness of side slope safety monitoring.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water conservancy engineering safety monitoring technology, specifically to an intelligent slope monitoring device and method integrating Internet of Things, image recognition, sensor technology and adaptive mechanical structure. Background Technology

[0002] The stability of slopes in water conservancy projects, such as reservoir dams, riverbank protection, and excavated mountain faces, is directly related to the safety of the project, people's lives and property, and the downstream ecological environment.

[0003] Currently, the main technical problems in the safety monitoring of slopes in water conservancy projects are as follows:

[0004] Safety monitoring of slopes in water conservancy projects mainly relies on manual periodic measurement using equipment such as total stations and inclinometers, or the deployment of single displacement and stress sensors. This method makes it difficult to achieve synchronous and continuous monitoring of multiple parameters and cannot comprehensively reflect the all-round data of the slope.

[0005] Once existing sensors are buried or installed, their monitoring points are fixed and cannot be flexibly adjusted according to the development of slope deformation or changes in key areas of concern, resulting in monitoring blind spots or waste of resources, thus causing many inconveniences.

[0006] It is evident that current safety monitoring of slopes in water conservancy projects mainly relies on manual inspections and fixed sensors, which has the following inherent drawbacks:

[0007] 1. Single and discontinuous monitoring dimensions: Manual inspections and fixed sensors make it difficult to achieve synchronous and continuous acquisition of multi-dimensional data such as displacement, images, soil pressure, and environmental parameters, and cannot comprehensively and in real time reflect the slope condition.

[0008] 2. Fixed and non-adjustable monitoring points: Once the sensors are installed, their monitoring positions are fixed and cannot be dynamically adjusted according to the slope deformation trend or key areas of concern. This results in monitoring blind spots, leading to delayed early warnings or waste of resources.

[0009] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an automated monitoring solution that can achieve synchronous acquisition of multiple parameters, adaptive adjustment of monitoring points, and has self-maintenance and remote intelligent early warning capabilities. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The purpose of this invention is to provide a water conservancy project slope safety monitoring device and method based on the Internet of Things and image recognition, which can integrate adaptive monitoring, self-powered operation and intelligent analysis and early warning, in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0011] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution, which includes two aspects.

[0012] First aspect: A slope safety monitoring device for water conservancy projects based on the Internet of Things and image recognition, comprising: a monitoring instrument support platform;

[0013] A side-mounted data acquisition mechanism is installed on one side of the monitoring instrument's support platform;

[0014] An adjustment mechanism is installed at the bottom, below the support platform of the monitoring instrument;

[0015] A movable slide is slidably mounted on the upper surface of the monitoring instrument support platform. A storage box is installed on the top of the movable slide. A limit slide is slidably connected to one side of the storage box. A displacement monitoring sensor and an image sensor are installed on the limit slide. The side acquisition mechanism includes a side positioning plate, a conveying pipe, a recovery pipe, a recovery bin, and a wind speed and direction sensor. The conveying pipe is connected to an air pump and a storage box. A valve is installed on the recovery pipe. A support frame is installed on the top of the storage box. A plate mounting frame is fixed on the top of the support frame. A solar panel is installed in the plate mounting frame, and a network camera is installed on one side of the support frame. A control panel is installed on the storage box and is electrically connected to the displacement monitoring sensor, image sensor, wind speed and direction sensor, air pump, valve, solar panel, and network camera.

[0016] Furthermore, the bottom mounting adjustment mechanism includes: a slope mounting base plate, on which a soil pressure sensor and a slope positioning rod are fixed; two symmetrically distributed limiting plates fixed to the slope mounting base plate; a reciprocating screw rotatably connected between the two limiting plates and driven by a first drive motor; a limiting slider threadedly connected to the reciprocating screw and fixedly connected to the bottom of the monitoring instrument support platform via a connecting block; and two limiting slide rods passing through the two limiting plates and slidably connected to the limiting slider.

[0017] Furthermore, the first drive motor and the earth pressure sensor are electrically connected to the control panel.

[0018] Furthermore, the side acquisition mechanism also includes a drive assembly for controlling the opening and closing of the valve; the drive assembly includes a second drive motor fixed to the side positioning plate, the output end of the second drive motor is connected to a first gear through a rotating shaft, and a second gear that meshes with the first gear is fixed on the valve stem of the valve.

[0019] Furthermore, the solar panel mounting frame is also equipped with a battery storage compartment, a charging controller, and an inverter, all of which are electrically connected to the control panel.

[0020] Furthermore, a storage battery is fixed to the top of the movable slide, and the storage battery is electrically connected to the control panel; a limit guide rail is fixed to one side of the storage box, and the limit slide is locked and positioned to the limit guide rail by a first positioning bolt.

[0021] Furthermore, the movable slide is fixed in different positions by engaging with multiple second mounting holes opened on the monitoring instrument support platform via a fourth positioning bolt.

[0022] The second aspect is a method for monitoring the safety of water conservancy engineering slopes based on the Internet of Things and image recognition, which is based on the device in the first aspect.

[0023] The method includes steps such as device deployment and initialization, adaptive adjustment of monitoring points, synchronous acquisition of multi-parameter data, self-cleaning and maintenance of sensors, and data fusion analysis and remote early warning, realizing full-process automation from data acquisition to intelligent early warning.

[0024] The method includes the following steps:

[0025] S1. Device Deployment and Power Start-up: The device is fixed to the slope using slope positioning rods, and the system is powered by solar panels;

[0026] S2. Monitoring point adjustment: The first drive motor is controlled via the control panel to move the monitoring instrument platform left and right, and / or the height of the limit slide is manually adjusted and locked.

[0027] S3. Synchronous acquisition of multi-parameter data: Control displacement monitoring sensors, image sensors, earth pressure sensors and wind speed and direction sensors to simultaneously acquire slope displacement, images, earth pressure and wind condition data;

[0028] S4. Sensor self-cleaning: The self-cleaning process is initiated periodically or as needed, controlling the valve to open and the air pump to draw out contaminants from the sensor surface into the storage box;

[0029] S5. Data Analysis and Remote Early Warning: The collected data is uploaded to the cloud platform for analysis via the communication module of the network camera, and early warning information is generated when a danger is detected.

[0030] Furthermore, in step S2, after adjusting the movement in the left and right directions, the moving slide is locked and fixed to the monitoring instrument support platform by the fourth positioning bolt.

[0031] Furthermore, in step S4, the self-cleaning process is automatically triggered by the control panel based on a preset time or a received image clarity feedback signal.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0033] 1. This invention integrates earth pressure sensors, displacement monitoring sensors, image sensors, wind speed and direction sensors, and network cameras to achieve synchronous and continuous monitoring of multiple parameters of slopes, comprehensively reflecting all-round data of slopes.

[0034] 2. Because an adjustment mechanism is set at the bottom of the monitoring instrument support platform and an acquisition mechanism is set on the side, the limit slide can be manually slid to adjust the ground height of the displacement monitoring sensor and the image sensor by loosening the first positioning bolt, so as to adapt to different slope heights and monitoring accuracy requirements. The displacement monitoring sensor, such as the GNSS receiver, collects the absolute displacement data of the slope surface in real time; the image sensor and the network camera collect high-definition images and videos of the slope surface for visual analysis such as crack identification and vegetation cover changes. At the same time, it is beneficial to the real-time monitoring and processing of the wind speed and direction sensor on one side, and facilitates the disassembly and maintenance of the side acquisition mechanism. The movable slide that has completed the position adjustment is reinforced and connected to the monitoring instrument support platform by matching the first mounting hole, the fourth positioning bolt and the second mounting hole, realizing multi-level adjustment. After processing and analysis, the slope safety data is obtained.

[0035] 3. Through the integrated G / G or NB-IoT wireless communication function of the network camera, data is transmitted to a remote cloud platform or monitoring center. The external cloud platform uses more complex algorithm models for in-depth analysis. Once it detects dangerous features such as accelerated displacement, crack propagation, or sudden changes in soil pressure, it will immediately send early warning information to the management personnel through the platform and can trigger audible and visual alarms on site to promptly remind on-site staff. The movable and adjustable mechanical structure expands the monitoring range, providing an efficient and intelligent monitoring solution for the safety of slopes in water conservancy projects.

[0036] 4. This invention, through integrated control logic and communication modules, realizes the automation and intelligence of the monitoring process, greatly reduces manual intervention, and improves monitoring efficiency and the timeliness and accuracy of early warning. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the embodiment. Figure 1 ;

[0038] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the embodiment. Figure 2 ;

[0039] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the embodiment. Figure 3 ;

[0040] Figure 4 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of the bottom-mounted adjustment mechanism in an embodiment;

[0041] Figure 5 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of the side acquisition mechanism in the embodiment;

[0042] Figure 6 for Figure 1 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the diagram;

[0043] Figure 7 for Figure 1 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point B in the diagram.

[0044] In the picture:

[0045] 1. Slope mounting base plate; 11. First drive motor; 12. Limiting plate; 13. Reciprocating lead screw; 14. Limiting slide bar; 15. Limiting slider; 16. Connecting block; 17. Earth pressure sensor; 18. Slope positioning rod;

[0046] 2. Monitoring instrument support platform; 21. Battery; 22. Storage box; 23. Limiting slide plate; 24. Limiting guide rail; 25. First positioning bolt; 26. Displacement monitoring sensor; 27. Image sensor; 28. Control panel;

[0047] 3. Side positioning plate; 31. Conveying pipe; 32. Recycling pipe; 33. Valve; 34. Recycling bin; 35. Wind speed and direction sensor; 36. Second positioning bolt;

[0048] 4. Support frame; 41. Third positioning bolt; 42. Battery compartment; 43. Charging controller; 44. Plate mounting frame; 45. Solar panel; 46. Network camera; 47. Inverter;

[0049] 5. Storage box; 51. Air pump; 52. Second drive motor; 53. First gear; 54. Second gear; 55. Rotating shaft;

[0050] 6. Movable slide; 61. First mounting hole; 62. Fourth positioning bolt; 63. Second mounting hole. Detailed Implementation

[0051] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example 1

[0052] Please see Figures 1-7 A water conservancy project slope safety monitoring device based on Internet of Things and image recognition includes: a slope mounting base plate 1, a monitoring instrument support platform 2, a side acquisition mechanism, and a network camera 46.

[0053] Please refer to Figure 4. The bottom mounting adjustment mechanism includes: a slope mounting base plate 1, which is used to connect to the slope being monitored. A pair of limiting plates 12 are fixedly installed on its upper surface. The pair of limiting plates 12 are rotatably connected to a reciprocating screw 13 and fixedly connected to a pair of limiting slide rods 14. The pair of limiting slide rods 14 are symmetrically arranged relative to the reciprocating screw 13.

[0054] A first drive motor 11 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the slope mounting base plate 1. The first drive motor 11 is located outside one of the limiting plates 12. The output end of the first drive motor 11 is fixedly connected to one end of the reciprocating lead screw 13. A limiting slider 15 is provided on the reciprocating lead screw 13 and the limiting slide rod 14. The limiting slider 15 has a pair of light holes and a threaded hole. The reciprocating lead screw 13 is threadedly connected to the limiting slider 15 through the threaded hole. The limiting slide rod 14 is slidably connected to the limiting slider 15 through a pair of light holes. The first drive motor 11 rotates in both directions, driving the reciprocating lead screw 13 to rotate in both directions, thereby driving the limiting slider 15 to slide in the left and right directions.

[0055] The bottom-mounted adjustment mechanism solves the technical problem of fixed and unadjustable monitoring points, enabling the entire monitoring platform to move along the slope direction and dynamically cover key monitoring areas.

[0056] A connecting block 16 is fixedly installed on the top of the limiting slider 15. Earth pressure sensors 17 are symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides and fixedly connected to the lower surface of the slope mounting base plate 1. Each earth pressure sensor 17 is fixedly connected to a slope positioning rod 18 that is equidistantly distributed. In use, multiple slope positioning rods 18 are inserted into the ground of the slope to be monitored until the earth pressure sensors 17 are also deeply embedded in the soil. At this time, the pressure change inside the soil is measured by the earth pressure sensors 17. Multiple slope positioning rods 18 can ensure the reinforcement effect of the overall device during installation and reduce the occurrence of self-shaking of the equipment.

[0057] The monitoring instrument support platform 2 is used to support the monitoring instrument. The lower surface of the monitoring instrument support platform 2 is connected to the upper surface of the connecting block 16. When the limit slider 15 slides in the left and right directions, the monitoring instrument support platform 2 slides accordingly to meet different monitoring operation scenarios.

[0058] The safety monitoring station 2 serves as the core carrier platform. Its upper part is fixedly connected to the movable slide 6 and the support frame 4, its side is detachably connected to the side acquisition mechanism, and its bottom is connected to the bottom installation adjustment mechanism through the connecting block 16.

[0059] Please see Figure 5A side acquisition mechanism is provided on one side of the monitoring instrument support platform 2. The side acquisition mechanism is used for wind data monitoring. The side acquisition mechanism includes a side positioning plate 3. When viewed from the front and back, the side positioning plate 3 is shaped like a "】". The arc side is away from the monitoring instrument support platform 2. A pair of conveying pipes 31 are fixedly connected to the side positioning plate 3. The conveying pipes 31 extend from the concave part of the arc of the side positioning plate 3 to the upper surface of the side positioning plate 3. The pair of conveying pipes 31 on the upper surface of the side positioning plate 3 are connected to the storage box 5 and the air pump 51. A recovery pipe 32 is fixedly connected to one end of each pair of conveying pipes 31 located in the concave part of the arc of the positioning plate 3. The two recovery pipes 32 are symmetrically distributed and the inlets of the two recovery pipes 32 are opposite to each other. A valve 33 and a recovery chamber 34 are fixedly connected to the bottom of each of the two recovery pipes 32 in sequence. A wind speed and wind direction sensor 35 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the recovery chamber 34. The wind speed and wind direction sensor 35 is used to monitor the wind force and assess the impact of wind load on high slopes or temporary structures.

[0060] A pair of second drive motors 52 are fixedly installed on the upper wall of the side positioning plate 3 on the outer side of a pair of conveying pipes 31. The output shaft of the second drive motor 52 is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft 55, and the rotating shaft 55 is fixedly connected to a first gear 53. A second gear 54 is fixedly connected to the valve stem of the valve 33, and the first gear 53 and the second gear 54 are meshed together.

[0061] During long-term field monitoring, the optical lenses of the image sensor 27 and the network camera 46, as well as the sensing parts of the wind speed and direction sensor 35, are easily contaminated or attached by dust, rain stains, flying insects, etc., resulting in blurred images and distorted data. This seriously affects the accuracy of crack analysis based on image recognition and the accuracy of wind condition monitoring. When it is necessary to clean up and recycle pollutants, the second drive motor 52 is started under control. The control method can be started by the control panel 28 at a timed time or automatically triggered according to the clarity analysis results fed back by the image sensor itself. Through the transmission of the first gear 53 and the second gear 54, the valve 33 is opened, the recycling pipeline 32 is opened, the air pump 51 is started under control, and the conveying pipeline 31 generates negative pressure. The pollutants are sucked up and recycled from the concave part of the side positioning plate 3 through the recycling bin 34. The pollutants finally enter the storage box 5. The storage box 5 is cleaned regularly to reduce the impact of pollutants on the monitoring of the wind speed and direction sensor 35, so that the wind speed and direction sensor 35 can monitor the on-site wind conditions in real time and assess the impact of wind load on the stability of the slope and the monitoring device itself. Valve 33 is used to control the airflow interruption. There is no need to clean or recover contaminants. Close valve 33.

[0062] Please see Figure 2 and 7A movable slide 6 is provided on the upper surface of the monitoring instrument support platform 2. The movable slide 6 has symmetrically distributed first mounting holes 61 on its outer side. The first mounting holes 61 are threaded with fourth positioning bolts 62 that are used to limit the position of the monitoring instrument support platform 2. The monitoring instrument support platform 2 has equidistantly distributed second mounting holes 63 that are adapted to the fourth positioning bolts 62. The movable slide 6, which completes the position adjustment through the matching of the first mounting holes 61, the fourth positioning bolts 62 and the second mounting holes 63, is reinforcedly connected to the monitoring instrument support platform 2.

[0063] The bottom of the movable slide table 6 is provided with a guide rail in the left and right direction, and the top surface of the safety monitoring table 2 is provided with a sliding groove in the left and right direction (neither is shown in the figure). The movable slide table 6 is slidably connected to the safety monitoring table 2 in the left and right direction through the sliding groove and the guide rail. The sliding connection between the movable slide table 6 and the safety monitoring table 2 is for coarse adjustment of the monitoring point position. Once the coarse adjustment of the monitoring point position is completed, the movable slide table 6 and the safety monitoring table 2 are detachably and fixedly connected through the first mounting hole 61, the second mounting hole 63 and the fourth positioning bolt 62.

[0064] The main movement of the movable slide 6 is not driven independently, but moves as a whole with the safety monitoring platform 2. When making coarse adjustments to the monitoring points, the staff can first loosen the fourth positioning bolt 62, manually push the movable slide 6 to the approximate target area on the safety monitoring platform 2, and then tighten the bolt to fix it. The fine position adjustment depends on the left and right movement of the entire safety monitoring platform 2 driven by the adjustment mechanism installed at the bottom.

[0065] Please refer to Figures 1 and 2. A battery 21 is fixedly connected to the top of the movable slide 6, and the casing of the battery 21 is made of metal. The top of the battery 21 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the storage box 22, and the battery 21 reinforces the connection between the movable slide 6 and the storage box 22. A limit guide rail 24 is fixedly connected to one side of the storage box 22, and the limit slide 23 slides on the outside of the limit guide rail 24. A first positioning bolt 25 for use with the limit guide rail 24 is threadedly connected to one side of the limit slide 23. The limit slide 23 has a limit groove inside that is used with the limit guide rail 24, which facilitates manual adjustment of the installation height of the limit slide 23, improves the comprehensiveness of the monitoring by the displacement monitoring sensor 26 and the image sensor 27. After the height adjustment is completed, the first positioning bolt 25 is used to position the limit slide 23 and the limit guide rail 24, reducing the possibility of the equipment sliding on its own.

[0066] Please see Figure 3 , 6A control panel 28 is fixedly connected to the outside of the storage box 22. The first drive motor 11, earth pressure sensor 17, battery 21, displacement monitoring sensor 26, image sensor 27, valve 33, wind speed and direction sensor 35, battery compartment 42, charging controller 43, solar panel 45, network camera 46, inverter 47, and air pump 51 are all electrically connected to the control panel 28. The control panel 28 is used to control the operation of the first drive motor 11, earth pressure sensor 17, battery 21, displacement monitoring sensor 26, image sensor 27, valve 33, wind speed and direction sensor 35, battery compartment 42, charging controller 43, solar panel 45, network camera 46, inverter 47, and air pump 51, realizing unified management of electrical equipment. The corresponding sensors measure the corresponding environmental parameters, convert them into signals, and send them to the control panel 28. The control panel 28 receives the signals, processes them, and generates corresponding control signals according to the preset control algorithm.

[0067] A storage box 22 is installed on the top of the movable slide table 6. A limiting slide plate 23 is slidably connected to one side of the storage box 22. A displacement monitoring sensor 26 is fixedly connected to the top of the limiting slide plate 23. An image sensor 27 is fixedly connected to the top of the displacement monitoring sensor 26.

[0068] The top of the storage box 22 is equipped with a support frame 4, and a plate mounting frame 44 is fixedly connected to the top of the support frame 4. A solar panel 45 is fixedly connected inside the plate mounting frame 44, and a network camera 46 is fixedly connected to one side of the plate mounting frame 44.

[0069] Please see Figures 1-6 An energy storage compartment 42 is fixedly connected to the side of the panel mounting frame 44 away from the solar panel 45. A symmetrically distributed charging controller 43 is fixedly connected to the top of the energy storage compartment 42. An inverter 47 is fixedly connected to the outside of the panel mounting frame 44. An integrated circuit is installed inside the solar panel 45. The solar panel 45 is used for collecting and processing solar energy resources, and the integrated circuit is used for converting and processing electrical resources. The energy is stored in the energy storage compartment 42. When AC power is needed, the inverter 47 is used to convert the current to meet the needs of different electrical equipment.

[0070] Please see Figure 1 and 6 The top of the support frame 4 is threaded around all four sides with third positioning bolts 41 extending into the storage box 22. Multiple third positioning bolts 41 are used to reinforce the connection between the support frame 4 and the storage box 22. The outer side of the side positioning plate 3 is threaded with symmetrically distributed second positioning bolts 36 extending into the inner wall of the monitoring instrument support platform 2. Two second positioning bolts 36 are used to reinforce the connection between the side positioning plate 3 and the monitoring instrument support platform 2, which facilitates the disassembly and maintenance of the side acquisition mechanism.

[0071] The movable slide 6 has symmetrically distributed first mounting holes 61 on its outer side. The first mounting holes 61 are threaded with fourth positioning bolts 62 that are used to limit the position of the monitoring instrument support platform 2. The monitoring instrument support platform 2 has equidistantly distributed second mounting holes 63 that are used to cooperate with the fourth positioning bolts 62 on its outer side. The movable slide 6, which has completed the position adjustment, is reinforcedly connected to the monitoring instrument support platform 2 by matching the first mounting holes 61, the fourth positioning bolts 62 and the second mounting holes 63, thus realizing multi-level adjustment. Example 2

[0072] This embodiment utilizes the IoT-based and image recognition-based slope safety monitoring device for water conservancy projects from Embodiment 1 to implement a method for monitoring slope safety in water conservancy projects based on IoT and image recognition.

[0073] The steps of the method are as follows:

[0074] S1. Device deployment and power startup: The device is fixed to the slope using the slope positioning rod 18, and the system is powered by the solar panel 45;

[0075] S2. Monitoring point adjustment: The first drive motor 11 is controlled by the control panel 28 to drive the monitoring instrument support platform 2 to move left and right, and / or the height of the limit slide plate 23 is manually adjusted and locked.

[0076] S3. Synchronous acquisition of multi-parameter data: The displacement monitoring sensor 26, image sensor 27, earth pressure sensor 17 and wind speed and direction sensor 35 are used to simultaneously acquire the displacement, image, earth pressure and wind condition data of the slope.

[0077] S4. Sensor self-cleaning: The self-cleaning process is initiated periodically or as needed, controlling valve 33 to open and air pump 51 to start, sucking contaminants from the sensor surface into storage box 5;

[0078] S5. Data Analysis and Remote Early Warning: The collected data is uploaded to the cloud platform for analysis via the communication module of the network camera 46, and early warning information is generated when a dangerous situation is detected.

[0079] In step S2, after adjusting the movement in the left and right directions, the movable slide 6 is locked and fixed to the monitoring instrument support platform 2 by the fourth positioning bolt 62.

[0080] In step S4, the self-cleaning process is automatically triggered by the control panel 28 according to a preset time or a received image clarity feedback signal.

[0081] For details, please refer to Figures 1-7 The usage process and working principle of this invention:

[0082] As described above, the device is equipped with a monitoring instrument support platform 2, a bottom-mounted adjustment mechanism, and a side-mounted acquisition mechanism. In use, the device is transported to the slope monitoring point, and the entire device is securely installed on the slope surface or top using the slope positioning rod 18. After the device is in place, the control panel 28 is turned on, and the soil pressure sensor 17 immediately begins monitoring the initial pressure inside the soil. The solar panel 45 and integrated circuit convert the collected light energy into electrical energy, which is managed by the charging controller 43 and stored in the battery compartment 42 or battery 21, thereby obtaining a continuous and stable energy supply and achieving energy self-sufficiency. When it is necessary to adjust the monitoring section, the control panel 28 starts the first drive motor 11, driving the device to... Rotating the lead screw 13 causes the monitoring instrument support platform 2 and all its equipment to move left and right along the limiting slide bar 14, changing the monitoring position. Loosening the first positioning bolt 25 allows manual sliding of the limiting slide plate 23 to adjust the ground clearance of the displacement monitoring sensor 26 and the image sensor 27, adapting to different slope heights and monitoring accuracy requirements. The displacement monitoring sensor 26, like a GNSS receiver, collects absolute displacement data of the slope surface in real time; the image sensor 27 and the network camera 46 collect high-definition images and videos of the slope surface for visual analysis such as crack identification and vegetation cover changes. The second drive motor 52 starts, driving the recovery pipe through the transmission of the first gear 53 and the second gear 54. The system operates via pipeline 32 to ensure the recycling and treatment of waste around the site. Air pump 51 starts, using pipeline 31 to collect and process residual waste, reducing potential errors in subsequent data monitoring. It also facilitates real-time monitoring by wind speed and direction sensors 35 on one side, allowing for the assessment of wind load's impact on the slope and the monitoring device's stability. An audible and visual alarm can be installed on top of the collection box 22 for early warning. Pollutants are collected in the recycling bin 34 below, preventing secondary pollution. Valve 33 controls airflow. Multiple slope positioning rods 18 reinforce the overall device during installation, reducing potential shaking. Control panel 28... The system controls the operation of the first drive motor 11, earth pressure sensor 17, battery 21, displacement monitoring sensor 26, image sensor 27, valve 33, wind speed and direction sensor 35, battery storage compartment 42, charging controller 43, solar panel 45, network camera 46, inverter 47, and air pump 51, achieving unified management of electrical equipment. The corresponding sensors measure the corresponding environmental parameters, convert them into signals, and send them to the control panel 28. The control panel 28 receives and processes the signals, generating corresponding control signals according to the preset control algorithm. For example, when the clarity reported by the image sensor 27 is lower than the preset threshold, a cleaning trigger command is automatically generated to start the self-cleaning process.Two second positioning bolts 36 are used to reinforce the connection between the side positioning plate 3 and the monitoring instrument support platform 2, facilitating the disassembly and maintenance of the side acquisition mechanism. The movable slide 6, which has completed position adjustment, is reinforced to the monitoring instrument support platform 2 through the matching of the first mounting hole 61, the fourth positioning bolt 62, and the second mounting hole 63, realizing multi-level adjustment. The processed and analyzed data is transmitted to a remote cloud platform or monitoring center through the 4G / 5G or NB-IoT wireless communication function integrated inside the network camera 46. The external cloud platform uses a more complex algorithm model for in-depth analysis. Once it detects dangerous characteristics such as accelerated displacement, crack expansion, or sudden change in soil pressure, it will immediately send early warning information to the management personnel through the platform and can trigger an audible and visual alarm on site to promptly remind on-site personnel. The movable and adjustable mechanical structure expands the monitoring range, providing an efficient and intelligent monitoring solution for the safety of slopes in water conservancy projects.

[0083] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A slope safety monitoring device for water conservancy projects based on the Internet of Things and image recognition, characterized in that, include: Monitoring instrument support platform (2); A side-mounted data acquisition mechanism is installed on one side of the monitoring instrument support platform (2); An adjustment mechanism is installed at the bottom, below the monitoring instrument support platform (2); A movable slide (6) is slidably set on the upper surface of the monitoring instrument support platform (2). A storage box (22) is installed on the top of the movable slide (6). A limiting slide (23) is slidably connected to one side of the storage box (22). A displacement monitoring sensor (26) and an image sensor (27) are installed on the limiting slide (23). The side acquisition mechanism includes a side positioning plate (3), a conveying pipe (31), a recycling pipe (32), a recycling bin (34), and a wind speed and direction sensor (35). An air pump (51) and a storage box (5) are connected to the conveying pipe (31). A valve (33) is provided on the recycling pipe (32). A support frame (4) is installed on the top of the storage box (22). A plate mounting frame (44) is fixed on its top. A solar panel (45) is installed in the plate mounting frame (44). A network camera (46) is installed on one side of the support frame. The control panel (28) is installed on the storage box (22) and is electrically connected to the displacement monitoring sensor (26), image sensor (27), wind speed and direction sensor (35), air pump (51), valve (33), solar panel (45) and network camera (46); The bottom mounting adjustment mechanism includes: a slope mounting base plate (1), on which a soil pressure sensor (17) and a slope positioning rod (18) are fixed; two symmetrically distributed limiting plates (12) are fixed on the slope mounting base plate (1); a reciprocating screw (13) is rotatably connected between the two limiting plates (12) and driven by a first drive motor (11); a limiting slider (15) is threadedly connected to the reciprocating screw (13) and fixedly connected to the bottom of the monitoring instrument support platform (2) through a connecting block (16); and two limiting rods (14) pass through the two limiting plates (12) and are slidably connected to the limiting sliders (15). The side acquisition mechanism also includes a drive assembly for controlling the opening and closing of the valve (33); the drive assembly includes a second drive motor (52) fixed on the side positioning plate (3), the output end of the second drive motor (52) is connected to a first gear (53) through a rotating shaft (55), and a second gear (54) that meshes with the first gear (53) is fixed on the valve stem of the valve (33).

2. The monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first drive motor (11) and the earth pressure sensor (17) are electrically connected to the control panel (28).

3. The monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The solar panel (45), the energy storage compartment (42), the charging controller (43) and the inverter (47) are also installed on the panel mounting frame (44). The solar panel (45), the energy storage compartment (42), the charging controller (43) and the inverter (47) are all electrically connected to the control panel (28).

4. The monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A battery (21) is fixed on the top of the movable slide (6), and the battery (21) is electrically connected to the control panel (28); a limit rail (24) is fixed on one side of the storage box (22), and the limit slide (23) is locked and positioned with the limit rail (24) by the first positioning bolt (25).

5. The monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The movable slide (6) is engaged with multiple second mounting holes (63) on the monitoring instrument support platform (2) by the fourth positioning bolt (62) to achieve fixation at different positions.

6. A method for monitoring the safety of water conservancy engineering slopes based on the Internet of Things and image recognition, characterized in that, The monitoring device according to any one of claims 1-5 includes the following steps: S1. Device deployment and power startup: The device is fixed to the slope using the slope positioning rod (18), and the system is powered by the solar panel (45); S2. Monitoring point adjustment: Control the first drive motor (11) to drive the monitoring instrument carrier platform (2) to move left and right through the control panel (28), and / or manually adjust and lock the height of the limit slide plate (23); S3. Synchronous acquisition of multi-parameter data: The displacement monitoring sensor (26), image sensor (27), earth pressure sensor (17) and wind speed and direction sensor (35) are used to synchronously acquire the displacement, image, earth pressure and wind condition data of the slope; S4. Sensor self-cleaning: The self-cleaning process is initiated periodically or as needed, controlling the valve (33) to open and the air pump (51) to start, sucking contaminants from the sensor surface into the storage box (5). S5. Data analysis and remote early warning: The collected data is uploaded to the cloud platform for analysis through the communication module of the network camera (46), and early warning information is generated when a dangerous situation is identified.

7. The monitoring method according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S2, after adjusting the movement in the left and right directions, the movable slide (6) is locked and fixed to the monitoring instrument support platform (2) by the fourth positioning bolt (62).

8. The monitoring method according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S4, the self-cleaning process is automatically triggered by the control panel (28) according to a preset time or a received image clarity feedback signal.

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