Steel shell tower end cross beam section turnover lifting lug and calculation method and use method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a steel shell tower end cross beam section turnover lifting lug and a calculation method and a use method thereof.The steel shell tower end cross beam section turnover lifting lug comprises a steel shell tower end cross beam section, two first lifting lugs and a second lifting lug, the two first lifting lugs are both fixedly assembled on a top plate of the steel shell tower end cross beam section, and the second lifting lug is fixedly assembled on the top plate of the steel shell tower end cross beam section; the two first lifting lugs are symmetrically arranged along the center line of the steel shell tower end cross beam section and detachably connected with the lifting steel wire rope through shackles. The number of the second lifting lugs is two, the two second lifting lugs are fixedly assembled at the bottom of the end of a bottom plate of the steel shell tower end cross beam section, the two second lifting lugs are symmetrically arranged along the center line of the steel shell tower end cross beam section, and the two second lifting lugs are detachably connected with the lifting steel wire rope through shackles. The first lifting lug and the second lifting lug which are symmetrically arranged are cooperatively stressed, the gravity center distribution of the steel shell tower end cross beam section is accurately matched, the turning-over unbalance loading torque is effectively balanced, the cross beam is stressed uniformly, the posture is stable, and excessive horizontal deviation and structural deformation are avoided.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of bridge construction, and more particularly relates to a steel shell tower end beam segment overturning lug and a calculation method and use method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the manufacturing process of large bridge steel shell tower beams, the beam segments generally exhibit the significant characteristics of "large specification and heavy weight". The conventional single segment size can reach 10m x 7.5m x 9.5m, and the weight can be as high as 100 tons. Due to the limitation of the manufacturing process, the beam segments are usually stored in a flat position. However, this storage method requires the construction of a special vertical processing platform for subsequent end plate processing, which not only significantly increases the equipment investment cost (more than 60% higher than the flat processing scheme), but also has problems such as low processing efficiency and limited operation space, which seriously restricts the optimization and upgrading of the manufacturing process. Therefore, the beam segments need to be turned over to a vertical position to carry out horizontal processing of the end plate, thereby simplifying the process flow and reducing the manufacturing cost.

[0003] However, the existing technology for steel structure overturning lugs are generally designed for universal use. When adapting to the specific scenario of steel shell tower beams, there are three major defects, making it difficult to meet the actual operation requirements: first, the structural adaptability is poor. The structure of the universal lug cannot match the differentiated structural characteristics of the top and bottom plates of the beam, and after assembly, local stress concentration may occur at the connection between the lug and the beam, affecting the safety of the bearing; second, the overturning stability is insufficient. The arrangement of the universal lug is not designed in combination with the center of gravity distribution characteristics of the beam, which causes the beam to easily deviate (the horizontal deviation often exceeds 5°) during the overturning process, posing a high safety risk; third, the bearing reliability is poor. Under the condition of long-term heavy load overturning operation, the universal lug is prone to structural deformation, weld cracking and other failure problems, which cannot guarantee the continuity and safety of the operation. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the above defects or improvement needs of the prior art, the present application provides a steel shell tower end beam segment overturning lug and a calculation method and use method thereof. The lug adopts a "reinforcing plate + multi-directional stiffening plate" collaborative support structure, forming an integrated bearing system with the longitudinal rib plate and the transverse rib plate of the steel shell tower end beam. The reinforcing plate is attached to the non-stress surface of the lug plate, sharing the tensile stress of the lifting hole to delay cracking. The vertical stiffening plate enhances the bending stiffness of the lug plate to prevent warping, and the horizontal stiffening plate ties the vertical stiffening plate to transfer the transverse shear force. The lug plate top avoids slot and precisely fits the transverse rib plate of the beam, increasing the contact area and improving the connection stiffness. The first and second lugs are symmetrically arranged along the center line of the beam and match the center of gravity, balancing the force points to offset the load moment, avoiding unilateral overload, preventing excessive horizontal deviation and plastic deformation of the beam, adapting to 100-ton heavy load overturning, and ensuring bearing reliability and operation safety.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, according to one aspect of the present invention, a lifting lug for turning over a steel shell tower end beam segment is provided, comprising a steel shell tower end beam segment, a first lifting lug, and a second lifting lug; wherein... The first lifting lug is provided in two parts. Both first lifting lugs are fixedly assembled on the top plate of the steel shell tower end beam segment. The two first lifting lugs are symmetrically arranged along the center line of the steel shell tower end beam segment. Both first lifting lugs are detachably connected to the lifting wire rope through shackles. There are two second lifting lugs, both of which are fixedly assembled to the bottom of the bottom plate of the steel shell tower end beam segment. The two second lifting lugs are symmetrically arranged along the center line of the steel shell tower end beam segment. Both second lifting lugs are detachably connected to the lifting wire rope through shackles. By having the first and second lifting lugs symmetrically arranged to work together to bear the force, the center of gravity distribution of the steel shell tower end beam segment can be accurately matched, effectively balancing the eccentric load moment during the turning process, so that the beam segment is evenly stressed and has a stable posture, avoiding problems such as excessive horizontal deviation or structural deformation.

[0006] Furthermore, both of the first lifting lugs are located in the right-hand region of the center of gravity of the steel shell tower end beam segment.

[0007] Furthermore, the first lifting lug includes a first reinforcing plate, a first lifting lug plate, a stiffening plate, and a first lifting hole. One end of the first lifting lug plate is fixedly assembled to the top plate of the steel shell tower end beam segment, and the other end is provided with a first lifting hole for fitting a shackle. Two first reinforcing plates are provided, and the two first reinforcing plates are respectively fixedly attached to the two side plates of the first lifting lug plate corresponding to the first lifting hole. Multiple stiffening plates are provided and are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the first lifting lug plate. Each stiffening plate adopts a trapezoidal structure design, with one side welded and fixed perpendicularly to the first lifting lug plate, and the other side welded and fixed to the top plate of the steel shell tower end beam segment.

[0008] Furthermore, the second lifting lug includes a second lifting lug plate, a second reinforcing plate, a first vertical stiffening plate, and a second lifting hole. The top of the second lifting lug plate is fixedly connected to the end of the longitudinal rib plate of the steel shell tower end beam segment. A second lifting hole for fitting a shackle is provided through the left end of the second lifting lug plate. There are two second reinforcing plates, which are respectively fixedly installed on the two sides of the second lifting lug plate corresponding to the second lifting hole. There are two first vertical stiffening plates, whose lower ends are symmetrically fixedly assembled on the right sides of the second lifting lug plate. Their upper ends are fixedly connected to the side of the longitudinal rib plate of the end of the steel shell tower end beam segment, and their tops are fixedly connected to the bottom plate of the steel shell tower end beam segment.

[0009] Furthermore, the second lifting lug also includes a second vertical stiffening plate, a first horizontal stiffening plate, and a second horizontal stiffening plate. There are two second vertical stiffening plates, which are symmetrically fixedly assembled on both sides of the second lifting lug plate and arranged along the length of the second lifting lug plate on the left side of the first vertical stiffening plate. Their tops are fixedly connected to the bottom of the transverse rib plate of the steel shell tower end beam segment. Multiple first horizontal stiffening plates are fixedly installed between the first vertical stiffening plate and the second vertical stiffening plate. The inner side of the first horizontal stiffening plate is fixedly connected to the second lifting lug plate. There are multiple second horizontal stiffening plates, which are fixedly installed on the other side of the second vertical stiffening plate, and their inner sides are fixedly connected to the second lifting lug plate.

[0010] Furthermore, the top right side of the second lifting lug plate is recessed to form a clearance groove that is adapted to the end of the transverse rib plate of the steel shell tower end beam segment 1. The bottom contour of the clearance groove is precisely fitted with the shape of the transverse rib plate and is fixedly connected to the transverse rib plate.

[0011] Furthermore, when the steel shell tower end beam segment needs to achieve a 180° turning operation, two sets of symmetrical lifting lugs need to be added to the steel shell tower end beam segment. The symmetrical lifting lugs are completely consistent with the structure of the first and second lifting lugs that have already been installed. One set of symmetrical lifting lugs is the second lifting lug, which is fixedly assembled on the top plate of the steel shell tower end beam segment, and its installation position is symmetrically distributed with the second lifting lug on the bottom plate along the thickness direction of the beam. The other set of symmetrical lifting lugs is the first lifting lug, which is fixedly assembled on the bottom plate of the steel shell tower end beam segment, and its installation position is symmetrically distributed with the first lifting lug already installed on the top plate along the thickness direction of the beam.

[0012] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a calculation method for a steel shell tower end beam segment turning over lifting lug is provided, which is implemented using the aforementioned steel shell tower end beam segment turning over lifting lug, and includes the following steps: S100: Based on the design drawings, a coupled finite element model of the steel shell tower end beam segment, the first lifting lug, and the second lifting lug is constructed using finite element analysis software. The element type of each component is defined in the finite element analysis software. The steel shell tower end beam segment, the first lifting lug, and the second lifting lug are all meshed using solid elements. The material property parameters of the steel shell tower end beam segment, the first lifting lug, and the second lifting lug are defined respectively, and the mechanical performance indicators of each component are clarified. S200: Apply loads to the finite element models of the constructed steel shell tower end beam segment, the first lifting lug, and the second lifting lug. The loads include the self-weight loads of the steel shell tower end beam segment, the first lifting lug, and the second lifting lug, as well as the inertial loads generated during the lifting and turning operations. S300: Apply boundary constraints adapted to the overturning condition to the finite element model of the steel shell tower end beam segment, the first lifting lug, and the second lifting lug. S400: Submit the finite element model to the finite element analysis software for solution calculation, extract the stress and strain data structure of each part of the first and second lifting lugs, compare the maximum stress value and maximum strain value of the first and second lifting lugs with the allowable stress and strain of the lifting lug material, and determine whether the strength of the first and second lifting lugs meets the design requirements.

[0013] According to a third aspect of the present invention, a method for using a turning and lifting lug for a steel shell tower end beam segment is provided, which is implemented by applying the aforementioned turning and lifting lug for a steel shell tower end beam segment, and includes the following steps: S100: During the manufacturing stage of the steel shell tower end beam segment, the coordinates of its center of mass are determined by the center of gravity detection. Welding reference lines are marked on the top plate and bottom plate of the steel shell tower end beam segment respectively. The two first lifting lugs are positioned according to the top plate reference line, and the two second lifting lugs are positioned according to the bottom plate reference line, ensuring that the first and second lifting lugs are symmetrically distributed along the center line of the steel shell tower end beam segment and are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the center of mass. S200: The first lifting lug is fixedly connected to the top plate of the steel shell tower end beam segment, and the second lifting lug is fixedly connected to the transverse rib plate and longitudinal rib plate at the end of the steel shell tower end beam segment. After all welds pass the ultrasonic flaw detection (UT) test, an integrated load-bearing structure of the lifting lug and the steel shell tower end beam segment is formed. S300: During lifting operations, two lifting devices are used to detachably connect the lifting lugs to the lifting devices by passing through the first lifting hole of the first lifting lug and the second lifting hole of the second lifting lug through special shackles. After the two lifting devices are used to lift the steel shell tower end beam segment to the preset height, the wire rope connected to the first lifting lug is slowly lowered and the wire rope connected to the second lifting lug is raised simultaneously. Through the coordinated force of the first and second lifting lugs, the steel shell tower end beam segment is driven to smoothly rotate from the horizontal position to the vertical position.

[0014] S400: After the end plate of the steel shell tower end beam segment is processed, adjust the lifting state of the hoisting wire rope according to the reverse operation process of step S300, so that the steel shell tower end beam segment is flipped from the upright position to the horizontal position for storage, ensuring the stability and safety of the storage process.

[0015] Furthermore, if the steel shell tower end beam segment needs to achieve a 180° overturning operation, after it is rotated to the upright position by the coordinated rotation of the first and second lifting lugs, additional lifting lugs with structures completely identical to the original first and second lifting lugs are welded at the symmetrical positions of the second lifting lug on the top plate corresponding to the bottom plate and the symmetrical positions of the first lifting lug on the bottom plate corresponding to the top plate of the steel shell tower end beam segment. Through the symmetrical coordinated force of the newly added lifting lugs and the original lifting lugs, the second overturning action is completed smoothly, and finally a 180° full-angle overturning is achieved.

[0016] In summary, compared with the prior art, the above-described technical solutions conceived by this invention can achieve the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention relates to a steel shell tower end beam segment turning lifting lug. The lifting lug adopts a collaborative support structure of "reinforcing plate + multi-directional stiffening plate," forming an integrated load-bearing system with the longitudinal and transverse ribs of the steel shell tower end beam. The reinforcing plate is attached to the non-load-bearing surface of the lifting lug plate to share the tensile stress of the lifting hole and delay cracking. The vertical stiffening plate enhances the bending stiffness of the lifting lug plate to prevent warping, and the horizontal stiffening plate connects with the vertical stiffening plate to transfer lateral shear force. The top clearance groove of the lifting lug plate is precisely fitted with the transverse rib of the beam, increasing the contact area and improving the connection stiffness. The first and second lifting lugs are symmetrically arranged along the center line of the beam and matched with the center of gravity, balancing the load-bearing support points to offset the eccentric load moment, avoiding unilateral overload, preventing excessive horizontal deviation and plastic deformation of the beam, and is suitable for 100-ton heavy-duty turning, ensuring load-bearing reliability and operational safety.

[0017] 2. The present invention provides a calculation method for the overturning lug of a steel shell tower end beam segment. By introducing inertial load through finite element analysis and combining dynamic software simulation data with attitude angle loading, it breaks through the limitation of traditional methods that only consider self-weight. Through refined mesh division of key areas and setting of weld solid elements and contact nonlinear elements, it accurately simulates the welding joint and contact slip effect. Combined with typical working conditions of 0° horizontal and 90° vertical, it ensures that the strength calculation results are consistent with actual operation requirements.

[0018] 3. The present invention provides a method for using lifting lugs for turning over a steel shell tower end beam segment. During turning over, the angle between the wire rope and the axis of the lifting lug is controlled to be ≤30° to reduce the impact of additional bending moment on the lifting lug. When turning over 180°, lifting lugs of the same specification can be added symmetrically in the upright position without disassembling the original lifting lug or welding temporary lifting points, simplifying the process and avoiding structural damage. At the same time, the standardized installation process of "baseline positioning + ultrasonic flaw detection" is adopted to ensure assembly quality and reduce operational safety risks. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a steel shell tower end beam segment turning lifting lug according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the first lifting lug of a steel shell tower end beam segment turning lifting lug according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the second lifting lug of a steel shell tower end beam segment turning lifting lug according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is an elevation view of the second lifting lug of a steel shell tower end beam segment turning lifting lug according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a steel shell tower end beam segment flipping and lifting lug being rotated 90 degrees according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a steel shell tower end beam segment flipping and lifting lug being rotated 180 degrees according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a flowchart illustrating a calculation method for the turning over lifting lug of a steel shell tower end beam segment according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a flowchart illustrating the use of a lifting lug for turning over a steel shell tower end beam segment according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] In all the accompanying drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same technical features, specifically: 1-steel shell tower end beam segment, 2-first lifting lug, 21-first reinforcing plate, 22-first lifting lug plate, 23-stiffening plate, 24-first lifting hole, 3-second lifting lug, 31-second lifting lug plate, 311-avoidance groove, 32-second reinforcing plate, 33-first vertical stiffening plate, 34-second vertical stiffening plate, 35-first horizontal stiffening plate, 36-second horizontal stiffening plate, 37-second lifting hole. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of this invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0022] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0023] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this invention involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. If the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.

[0024] In this patent, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0025] Example 1 like Figures 1-6 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a lifting lug for a steel shell tower end beam segment, including a steel shell tower end beam segment 1, a first lifting lug 2, and a second lifting lug 3. Two first lifting lugs 2 are provided, each fixedly mounted on the top plate of the steel shell tower end beam segment 1, and the two first lifting lugs 2 are symmetrically arranged along the centerline of the steel shell tower end beam segment 1. Both first lifting lugs 2 are detachably connected to the lifting wire rope via shackles. Two second lifting lugs 3 are provided, each fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the bottom plate of the steel shell tower end beam segment 1, and the two second lifting lugs 3 are symmetrically arranged along the centerline of the steel shell tower end beam segment 1. The second lifting lug 3 is detachably connected to the lifting wire rope via shackles. Through the coordinated force-bearing of the symmetrically arranged first lifting lug 2 and second lifting lug 3, the center of gravity distribution of the steel shell tower end beam segment 1 can be accurately matched, effectively balancing the eccentric load moment during the turning process, so that the beam segment is evenly stressed and has a stable posture, avoiding problems such as excessive horizontal deviation or structural deformation. At the same time, the lifting lugs and lifting wire ropes can be quickly connected and disassembled through shackles. With the symmetrical force-bearing structure, it helps the beam segment to efficiently complete the turning conversion from the upright position to the horizontal position, greatly improving the operation efficiency. Moreover, it does not require the reliance on a high-cost vertical processing platform, significantly reducing the equipment investment and cycle cost of end plate processing, and taking into account the operation safety, efficiency and economy.

[0026] Furthermore, the two first lifting lugs 2 are both located in the right-side region of the center of gravity of the steel shell tower end beam segment 1, and are symmetrically distributed along the centerline of the steel shell tower end beam segment 1. This arrangement, combined with the assembly position of the second lifting lug 3 at the end of the base plate, forms a synergistic structure of "center of gravity offset adaptation + symmetrical force distribution", which can accurately offset the eccentric moment caused by the irregular shape or uneven mass distribution of the beam segment, improve the posture stability during the turning process, and at the same time, by optimizing the relative position of the lifting lugs and the center of gravity, the additional bending moment of the lifting wire rope can be reduced, the degree of local stress concentration of the lifting lugs can be reduced, the service life of the lifting lugs can be extended, and the safety and reliability of the 100-ton beam segment turning operation can be guaranteed.

[0027] Furthermore, the first lifting lug 2 includes a first reinforcing plate 21, a first lifting lug plate 22, a stiffening plate 23, and a first lifting hole 24. One end of the first lifting lug plate 22 is fixedly mounted to the top plate of the steel shell tower end beam segment 1, and the other end has a first lifting hole 24 for fitting a shackle. The diameter of the first lifting hole 24 is precisely matched with the specifications of the shackle to ensure the fit and reliability of force transmission when connected to the shackle. Two first reinforcing plates 21 are provided, and the two first reinforcing plates 21 are respectively fixedly attached to the two side plates of the first lifting lug plate 22 corresponding to the first lifting hole 24. The outline of the first reinforcing plate 21 covers the edge stress concentration area of ​​the first lifting hole 24, which can effectively disperse the stress of the first lifting hole 24 during the lifting process. The local compressive and tensile stresses borne by the first lifting lug plate 22 are reduced, preventing cracking or plastic deformation due to stress concentration and significantly improving the bearing capacity of the lifting lug. Multiple stiffening plates 23 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the first lifting lug plate 22. Each stiffening plate 23 adopts a trapezoidal structure design, with one side welded perpendicularly to the first lifting lug plate 22 and the other side welded to the top plate of the steel shell tower end beam segment 1. The trapezoidal structure optimizes the force transmission path, evenly transferring the lateral shear force and bending moment borne by the first lifting lug plate 22 to the top plate of the beam. Simultaneously, it enhances the anti-warping ability and structural stability of the first lifting lug plate 22, preventing beam segment tilting due to lug plate deformation during the turning process, and ensuring the stability and safety of the turning operation.

[0028] Furthermore, the second lifting lug 3 includes a second lifting lug plate 31, a second reinforcing plate 32, a first vertical stiffening plate 33, and a second lifting hole 37; the top of the second lifting lug plate 31 is fixedly connected to the end of the longitudinal rib plate of the steel shell tower end beam segment 1, and a second lifting hole 37 for fitting a shackle is provided through its left end; there are two second reinforcing plates 32, which are respectively fixedly installed on the two sides of the second lifting lug plate 31 corresponding to the second lifting hole 37, and the outline of the second reinforcing plate 32 completely covers the edge stress concentration area of ​​the second lifting hole 37, which can effectively disperse the local compressive stress and tensile stress borne by the second lifting hole 37 during the lifting process, and avoid stress concentration in the second lifting lug plate 31. Cracking or plastic deformation significantly improves the load-bearing limit and structural reliability of the second lifting lug 3; two first vertical stiffening plates 33 are provided, and the lower ends of the two first vertical stiffening plates 33 are symmetrically fixedly assembled on both sides of the right end of the second lifting lug plate 31. The upper ends of the two are fixedly connected to the side of the longitudinal rib plate at the end of the steel shell tower end beam segment 1, and their tops are fixedly connected to the bottom plate of the steel shell tower end beam segment 1, forming a stable support structure of "lifting lug plate-stiffening plate-longitudinal rib plate", which can effectively resist the lateral shear force and warping moment of the second lifting lug plate 31 during the overturning process, enhance the connection stiffness between the second lifting lug 3 and the beam segment, prevent stress overload at the root of the lifting lug, and ensure the long-term safety and stability of the 100-ton beam segment overturning operation.

[0029] Furthermore, the second lifting lug 3 also includes a second vertical stiffening plate 34, a first horizontal stiffening plate 35, and a second horizontal stiffening plate 36. Two second vertical stiffening plates 34 are provided, symmetrically fixedly assembled on both sides of the second lifting lug plate 31, and arranged along the length of the second lifting lug plate 31 on the left side of the first vertical stiffening plate 33. Their tops are fixedly connected to the bottom of the transverse rib plate of the steel shell tower end beam segment 1. Multiple first horizontal stiffening plates 37 are fixedly installed between the first vertical stiffening plate 33 and the second vertical stiffening plate 34. The inner side of the first horizontal stiffening plate 35 is fixedly connected to the second lifting lug plate 31, constructing a three-dimensional reinforcement structure of "vertical stiffening + horizontal ties," effectively transmitting lateral shear force and preventing adjacent vertical shear forces from being transmitted. The stiffening plate undergoes relative displacement; there are multiple second horizontal stiffening plates 36, which are fixedly installed on the other side of the second vertical stiffening plate 34, and their inner sides are fixedly connected to the second lifting lug plate 31. Through the coordinated cooperation of the second vertical stiffening plate 34, the first horizontal stiffening plate 35 and the second horizontal stiffening plate 36, a multi-dimensional support network is formed in the key stress area of ​​the second lifting lug plate 31. This not only further disperses the stress concentration around the second lifting hole 37, but also enhances the overall bending stiffness and torsional resistance of the second lifting lug plate 31, effectively resists the impact stress caused by load fluctuations during the turning process, prevents the lifting lug plate from warping locally or cracking at the welded joints, and ensures the long-term structural stability and load-bearing reliability of the second lifting lug 3 under 100-ton heavy load conditions.

[0030] Furthermore, the top right side of the second lifting lug plate 31 is recessed to form an avoidance groove 311 that is adapted to the end horizontal rib plate of the steel shell tower end beam segment 1. The bottom contour of the avoidance groove 311 is precisely fitted with the shape of the horizontal rib plate and is fixedly connected to the horizontal rib plate, so that the second lifting lug plate 31 and the end horizontal rib plate of the steel shell tower end beam segment 1 form an integrated load-bearing structure. The avoidance groove 311 can effectively avoid structural interference between the second lifting lug plate 31 and the horizontal rib plate of the beam, ensuring the compactness and fit of the lifting lug assembly and reducing stress concentration caused by assembly gaps. On the other hand, by increasing the connection contact area between the second lifting lug plate 31 and the steel shell tower end beam segment 1, the uniformity of force transmission is improved, so that the tensile force and bending moment under a 100-ton heavy load can be quickly transmitted to the main structure of the beam through the weld at the bottom of the avoidance groove, avoiding fatigue cracking of the welded joint at the root of the lifting lug due to stress concentration, and ensuring the stability of the connection between the second lifting lug 3 and the steel shell tower end beam segment 1 and the safety and reliability of the turning operation.

[0031] Furthermore, when the steel shell tower end beam segment 1 needs to achieve a 180° turning operation, two sets of symmetrical lifting lugs need to be added to the steel shell tower end beam segment 1. The symmetrical lifting lugs are structurally identical to the existing first lifting lug 2 and second lifting lug 3. One set of symmetrical lifting lugs is the second lifting lug 3, which is fixedly assembled to the top plate of the steel shell tower end beam segment 1, and its installation position is symmetrically distributed with the second lifting lug 3 on the bottom plate along the thickness direction of the beam. The other set of symmetrical lifting lugs is the first lifting lug 2, which is fixedly assembled to the bottom plate of the steel shell tower end beam segment 1, and its installation position is symmetrically distributed with the existing first lifting lug 2 on the top plate along the thickness direction of the beam. Through the above-mentioned... The added lifting lugs form a full-dimensional force-bearing system with the original lifting lugs. This allows the crossbeam segment to first complete a 90° turn to an upright position through the cooperation of the original first lifting lug 2 and second lifting lug 3. Then, the symmetrically added lifting lugs bear the force and smoothly complete the remaining 90° turn, ultimately achieving a 180° full-angle rotation. There is no need to disassemble the original lifting lugs or weld temporary lifting points. This ensures the symmetry of the crossbeam's force and the stability of its posture throughout the 180° turn, simplifies the operation process, avoids damage to the main structure of the crossbeam from repeated welding, and ensures the load-bearing reliability under heavy load conditions by relying on the unified lifting lug structure design, adapting to the needs of diverse processing and storage scenarios.

[0032] Example 2 Combination Figures 1-6 ,like Figure 7 As shown, this invention provides a calculation method for the turning over lifting lug of a steel shell tower end beam segment, and the specific steps are as follows: S100: Based on the design drawings, coupled finite element models of the steel shell tower end beam segment 1, the first lifting lug 2, and the second lifting lug 3 are constructed using finite element analysis software. The element type of each component is defined in the finite element analysis software. The steel shell tower end beam segment 1, the first lifting lug 2, and the second lifting lug 3 are all meshed using solid elements. The material property parameters of the steel shell tower end beam segment 1, the first lifting lug 2, and the second lifting lug 3 are defined respectively, and the mechanical performance indicators of each component are clarified. S200: Apply loads to the finite element models of the constructed steel shell tower end beam segment 1, first lifting lug 2 and second lifting lug 3. The loads include the self-weight loads of the steel shell tower end beam segment 1, first lifting lug 2 and second lifting lug 3, as well as the inertial loads generated during the lifting and turning operations. S300: Apply boundary constraints adapted to the overturning condition to the finite element model of the steel shell tower end beam segment 1, the first lifting lug 2 and the second lifting lug 3. Specifically, the boundary conditions include the fixed constraints of the first lifting lug 2 and the second lifting lug 3.

[0033] S400: Submit the finite element model to the finite element analysis software for solution calculation, extract the stress and strain data structure of each part of the first lifting lug 2 and the second lifting lug 3, compare the maximum stress value and maximum strain value of the first lifting lug 2 and the second lifting lug 3 with the allowable stress and strain of the lifting lug material, and determine whether the strength of the first lifting lug 2 and the second lifting lug 3 meets the design requirements.

[0034] Furthermore, in step S300, a dynamic simulation model of the steel shell tower end beam segment 1-lifting lug-lifting equipment is established using dynamic simulation software. The process parameters of the lifting speed and the range of the turning angle are input to simulate the dynamic motion state of the entire turning process. The inertial load data under different turning posture angles are calculated through simulation analysis. The inertial load data includes the magnitude, direction and position of the tangential inertial force and the centrifugal inertial force, providing data support for the accurate application of the inertial load in step S400.

[0035] Specifically, in the simulation calculation of the flipping process, two typical working conditions, namely 0° horizontal state and 90° vertical state, are selected into the analysis scope, covering the complete flipping range of the steel shell tower end beam segment 1 from the horizontal position to the vertical position; for the above two key attitude angles, the corresponding loads and boundary constraints are applied to achieve accurate verification of the stress characteristics of the lifting lugs and the structural strength throughout the flipping process.

[0036] Furthermore, before processing the end plate of the steel shell tower end beam segment 1, the end plate must be in a horizontal position. Given the inherent tilt angle of the end plate, to achieve a horizontal arrangement of the top end plate, the bottom of the steel shell tower end beam segment 1 needs to be tilted to the corresponding angle. During the flipping adjustment process, the tilt angle of the bottom of the steel shell tower end beam segment 1 must be less than its own overturning angle; therefore, the overturning angle of this beam segment needs to be calculated in advance.

[0037] Specifically, the overturning angle calculation is based on the horizontal state of the bottom of the crossbeam segment. The simulation calculation is carried out using finite element analysis software. The specific steps are as follows: First, a finite element model of the crossbeam segment 1 at the end of the steel shell tower is constructed, and support boundary constraints are set at the four corners of the bottom of the model. Second, a self-weight load is applied to the model. In the initial state, the direction of gravitational acceleration is vertical. Then, the direction of gravitational acceleration is gradually adjusted in the opposite direction of the overturning of the crossbeam segment 1 at the end of the steel shell tower to simulate the rotation process of the crossbeam segment 1 at the bottom of the steel shell tower around the two support points at one end. When the support reaction force of the other two support points at the bottom of the model drops to zero, the corresponding direction of gravitational acceleration is the critical state. At this time, the tilt angle of the crossbeam segment is the overturning angle of the crossbeam segment 1 at the end of the steel shell tower.

[0038] Specifically, the pivot boundary constraints include fixed constraints on four pivots.

[0039] Example 3 Combination Figures 1-6 ,like Figure 8 As shown, this invention provides a method for using a steel shell tower end beam segment turning lifting lug, which is implemented by applying the aforementioned steel shell tower end beam segment turning lifting lug. The specific steps are as follows: S100: During the manufacturing stage of the steel shell tower end beam segment 1, the coordinates of its center of mass are determined by the center of mass detection. Welding reference lines are marked on the top plate and bottom plate of the steel shell tower end beam segment 1 respectively. The two first lifting lugs 2 are positioned according to the top plate reference line, and the two second lifting lugs 3 are positioned according to the bottom plate reference line. This ensures that the first lifting lugs 2 and the second lifting lugs 3 are symmetrically distributed along the center line of the steel shell tower end beam segment (1) and are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the center of mass. S200: The first lifting lug 2 is fixedly connected to the top plate of the steel shell tower end beam segment 1, and the second lifting lug 3 is fixedly connected to the transverse rib plate and longitudinal rib plate at the end of the steel shell tower end beam segment 1. After all welds pass the ultrasonic flaw detection UT test, an integrated load-bearing structure of the lifting lug and the steel shell tower end beam segment 1 is formed. S300: During lifting operations, two lifting devices are used to pass through the first lifting hole 24 of the first lifting lug 2 and the second lifting hole 37 of the second lifting lug 3 through special shackles, respectively, to achieve a detachable connection between the lifting lugs and the lifting devices. After the two lifting devices are used to lift the steel shell tower end beam segment 1 to the preset height, the wire rope connected to the first lifting lug 2 is slowly lowered, and the wire rope connected to the second lifting lug 3 is raised synchronously. Through the coordinated force of the first lifting lug 2 and the second lifting lug 3, the steel shell tower end beam segment 1 is driven to smoothly rotate from the horizontal position to the vertical position.

[0040] S400: After the end plate of the steel shell tower end beam segment 1 is processed, adjust the lifting state of the hoisting wire rope according to the reverse operation process of step S300, so that the steel shell tower end beam segment 1 is flipped from the upright position to the horizontal position for storage, ensuring the stability and safety of the storage process.

[0041] Furthermore, during the overturning operation of the steel shell tower end beam segment 1, it is necessary to strictly control the angle between the wire rope of the lifting equipment and the vertical axis of the first lifting lug 2 and the second lifting lug 3 to be ≤30°. This angle can effectively reduce the additional bending moment caused by the angle deviation during the lifting process, so that the lifting load is mainly transmitted along the axial direction of the lifting lug, ensuring the load-bearing reliability and structural stability of the lifting lug under the 100-ton heavy load condition, and providing key guarantee for the safe and stable overturning operation.

[0042] Furthermore, if the steel shell tower end beam segment 1 needs to achieve a 180° flipping operation, after it is flipped to an upright position by the coordinated flipping of the first lifting lug 2 and the second lifting lug 3, additional lifting lugs with structures completely identical to the original first lifting lug 2 and second lifting lug 3 are welded at the symmetrical positions of the second lifting lug 3 on the top plate corresponding to the bottom plate and the symmetrical positions of the first lifting lug 2 on the bottom plate corresponding to the top plate of the steel shell tower end beam segment 1. Through the symmetrical coordinated force of the newly added lifting lugs and the original lifting lugs, the second flipping action is smoothly completed, and finally a 180° full-angle flipping is achieved. This operation method does not require disassembling the original lifting lugs or setting up temporary lifting points, which not only ensures the force balance and posture stability throughout the 180° flipping process, but also avoids damage to the main structure of the beam caused by repeated welding. At the same time, relying on the unified lifting lug structure design, it ensures the load-bearing reliability under heavy load conditions, adapts to the needs of diverse processing scenarios, and improves the flexibility and efficiency of operation.

[0043] Those skilled in the art will readily understand that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A type of lifting lug for turning over a crossbeam segment at the end of a steel shell tower, characterized in that, Includes the steel shell tower end beam segment (1), the first lifting lug (2), and the second lifting lug (3); among which, The first lifting lug (2) is provided as two, and the two first lifting lugs (2) are fixedly assembled on the top plate of the steel shell tower end beam segment (1). The two first lifting lugs (2) are symmetrically arranged along the center line of the steel shell tower end beam segment (1). The two first lifting lugs (2) are detachably connected to the lifting wire rope through shackles. There are two second lifting lugs (3). Both second lifting lugs (3) are fixedly assembled at the bottom of the bottom plate of the steel shell tower end beam segment (1). The two second lifting lugs (3) are symmetrically arranged along the center line of the steel shell tower end beam segment (1). Both second lifting lugs (3) are detachably connected to the lifting wire rope through shackles. By cooperating with the symmetrically arranged first lifting lug (2) and second lifting lug (3) to bear the force, the center of gravity distribution of the steel shell tower end beam segment (1) can be accurately matched, effectively balancing the eccentric load moment during the turning process, so that the beam segment is evenly stressed and has a stable posture, avoiding the problem of excessive horizontal deviation or structural deformation.

2. The steel shell tower end beam segment turning and lifting lug according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two first lifting lugs (2) are both located in the right side region of the center of gravity of the steel shell tower end beam segment (1).

3. The steel shell tower end beam segment turning and lifting lug according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first lifting lug (2) includes a first reinforcing plate (21), a first lifting lug plate (22), a stiffening plate (23), and a first lifting hole (24). One end of the first lifting lug plate (22) is fixedly mounted on the top plate of the steel shell tower end beam segment (1), and the other end is provided with a first lifting hole (24) for fitting a shackle. The first reinforcing plate (21) is provided in two pieces. The two first reinforcing plates (21) are respectively fixedly attached to the two sides of the first lifting lug plate (22) corresponding to the first lifting hole (24). There are multiple stiffening plates (23), which are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the first lifting lug plate (22). Each stiffening plate (23) adopts a trapezoidal structure design. One side of the plate is vertically welded and fixed to the first lifting lug plate (22), and the other side is welded and fixed to the top plate of the steel shell tower end beam segment (1).

4. The steel shell tower end beam segment turning and lifting lug according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second lifting lug (3) includes a second lifting lug plate (31), a second reinforcing plate (32), a first vertical stiffening plate (33), and a second lifting hole (37). The top of the second lifting lug plate (31) is fixedly connected to the end of the longitudinal rib plate of the steel shell tower end beam segment (1). A second lifting hole (37) for adapting to the shackle is provided through the left end of the second lifting lug plate (31). There are two second reinforcing plates (32). The two second reinforcing plates (32) are respectively fixedly installed on the two sides of the second lifting lug plate (31) corresponding to the second lifting hole (37). There are two first vertical stiffening plates (33). The lower ends of the two first vertical stiffening plates (33) are symmetrically fixedly assembled on the right side of the second lifting lug plate (31). The upper ends of the two are fixedly connected to the side of the longitudinal rib plate at the end of the steel shell tower end beam segment (1), and their tops are fixedly connected to the bottom plate of the steel shell tower end beam segment (1).

5. The steel shell tower end beam segment turning and lifting lug according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second lifting lug (3) also includes a second vertical stiffening plate (34), a first horizontal stiffening plate (35) and a second horizontal stiffening plate (36). There are two second vertical stiffening plates (34). The two second vertical stiffening plates (34) are symmetrically fixedly assembled on both sides of the second lifting lug plate (31) and arranged on the left side of the first vertical stiffening plate (33) along the length direction of the second lifting lug plate (31). The top of the plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the horizontal rib plate of the steel shell tower end beam segment (1). Multiple first horizontal stiffening plates (37) are fixedly installed between the first vertical stiffening plate (33) and the second vertical stiffening plate (34). The inner side of the first horizontal stiffening plate (35) is fixedly connected to the second lifting lug plate (31). There are multiple second horizontal stiffening plates (36). Multiple second horizontal stiffening plates (36) are fixedly installed on the other side of the second vertical stiffening plate (34), and their inner sides are fixedly connected to the second lifting lug plate (31).

6. The steel shell tower end beam segment turning and lifting lug according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top right side of the second lifting lug plate (31) is recessed to form a relief groove (311) that is adapted to the end of the horizontal rib plate of the steel shell tower end beam segment 1. The bottom contour of the relief groove (311) is precisely fitted with the shape of the horizontal rib plate and is fixedly connected to the horizontal rib plate.

7. The steel shell tower end beam segment turning and lifting lug according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the steel shell tower end beam segment (1) needs to achieve a 180° turning operation, two sets of symmetrical lifting lugs need to be added to the steel shell tower end beam segment (1). The symmetrical lifting lugs are completely consistent with the structure of the first lifting lug (2) and the second lifting lug (3) that have been set. One of the symmetrical lifting lugs is the second lifting lug (3), which is fixedly assembled on the top plate of the steel shell tower end beam segment (1), and the installation position is symmetrically distributed with the second lifting lug (3) on the bottom plate along the thickness direction of the beam; Another set of symmetrical lifting lugs is the first lifting lug (2), which is fixedly assembled on the bottom plate of the steel shell tower end beam segment (1), and the installation position is symmetrically distributed with the first lifting lug (2) already installed on the top plate along the thickness direction of the beam.

8. A calculation method for the turning and lifting lugs of the end beam segment of a steel shell tower according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The S100: Based on the design drawings, the coupled finite element model of the steel shell tower end beam segment (1), the first lifting lug (2) and the second lifting lug (3) is constructed using finite element analysis software. The element type of each component is defined in the finite element analysis software. The steel shell tower end beam segment (1), the first lifting lug (2) and the second lifting lug (3) are all meshed using solid elements. The material property parameters of the steel shell tower end beam segment (1), the first lifting lug (2) and the second lifting lug (3) are defined respectively, and the mechanical performance index of each component is clarified. S200: Apply loads to the finite element models of the constructed steel shell tower end beam segment (1), first lifting lug (2) and second lifting lug (3). The loads include the self-weight loads of the steel shell tower end beam segment (1), first lifting lug (2) and second lifting lug (3), as well as the inertial loads generated during the lifting and turning operations. S300: Apply boundary constraints adapted to the overturning condition to the finite element models of the steel shell tower end beam segment (1), the first lifting lug (2) and the second lifting lug (3); S400: Submit the finite element model to the finite element analysis software for solution calculation, extract the stress and strain data structure of each part of the first lifting lug (2) and the second lifting lug (3), compare the maximum stress value and maximum strain value of the first lifting lug (2) and the second lifting lug (3) with the allowable stress and strain of the lifting lug material, and determine whether the strength of the first lifting lug (2) and the second lifting lug (3) meets the design requirements.

9. A method for using a lifting lug for turning over a crossbeam segment at the end of a steel shell tower, characterized in that, The method employs a steel shell tower end beam segment turning and lifting lug as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized by comprising the following steps: S100: During the manufacturing stage of the steel shell tower end beam segment (1), the coordinates of its center of mass are determined by the center of mass detection. Welding reference lines are marked on the top plate and bottom plate of the steel shell tower end beam segment (1). The two first lifting lugs (2) are positioned according to the top plate reference line, and the two second lifting lugs (3) are positioned according to the bottom plate reference line. This ensures that the first lifting lugs (2) and the second lifting lugs (3) are symmetrically distributed along the center line of the steel shell tower end beam segment (1) and are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the center of mass. S200: The first lifting lug (2) is fixedly connected to the top plate of the steel shell tower end beam segment (1), and the second lifting lug (3) is fixedly connected to the horizontal rib plate and longitudinal rib plate at the end of the steel shell tower end beam segment (1). After all welds are tested and qualified by ultrasonic flaw detection UT, an integrated load-bearing structure of the lifting lug and the steel shell tower end beam segment (1) is formed. S300: During the lifting operation, two lifting devices are used to pass through the first lifting hole (24) of the first lifting lug (2) and the second lifting hole (37) of the second lifting lug (3) respectively through special shackles, so as to realize the detachable connection between the lifting lug and the lifting device. After the two lifting devices are used to lift the steel shell tower end beam segment (1) to the preset height, the wire rope connected to the first lifting lug (2) slowly descends, and the wire rope connected to the second lifting lug (3) rises synchronously. Through the coordinated force of the first lifting lug (2) and the second lifting lug (3), the steel shell tower end beam segment (1) is driven to smoothly rotate from the horizontal position to the vertical position. S400: After the end plate of the steel shell tower end beam segment (1) is processed, adjust the lifting state of the hoisting wire rope according to the operation process opposite to step S300, so that the steel shell tower end beam segment (1) is flipped from the upright position to the horizontal position for storage, ensuring the stability and safety of the storage process.

10. The calculation method for the turning and lifting lugs of the end beam segment of a steel shell tower according to claim 9, characterized in that, If the steel shell tower end beam segment (1) needs to achieve a 180° overturning operation, after it is rotated to the upright position by the first lifting lug (2) and the second lifting lug (3) in coordination, the second lifting lug (3) on the top plate of the steel shell tower end beam segment (1) and the first lifting lug (2) on the bottom plate are respectively welded to the symmetrical position of the second lifting lug (3) on the top plate and the symmetrical position of the first lifting lug (2) on the bottom plate. The new lifting lug and the original lifting lug are symmetrically coordinated to receive force, and the second overturning action is completed smoothly, and finally the 180° full angle overturning is achieved.

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