Animal oil and fat refining equipment and animal oil and fat refining method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses animal oil and fat refining equipment and an animal oil and fat refining method.The animal oil and fat refining equipment comprises a hydration degumming device, a decoloration device, a deodorization and deacidification device, a steam distributor and a water circulation device, and the hydration degumming device, the decoloration device and the deodorization and deacidification device are sequentially communicated; crude oil to be refined is pumped into the hydration degumming device for hydration degumming, then enters the decoloration device for decoloration treatment, and enters the deodorization and deacidification device for deodorization and deacidification after decoloration is completed to form finished oil; the water circulation device and the steam distributor are respectively connected with the hydration degumming device, the decoloration device and the deodorization and deacidification device. According to the animal oil and fat refining equipment and the refining method thereof, the recovery rate of byproducts in the animal oil and fat refining process is increased, the production cost is reduced, meanwhile, emission of harmful gas is reduced, and the animal oil and fat refining equipment conforms to the green and environment-friendly production concept.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of animal fat refining technology, specifically to an animal fat refining equipment and a method for refining animal fats. Background Technology

[0002] Animal fats, including beef, pork, and mutton fat, possess unique aromas that cannot be replaced by other vegetable oils. They are widely used in the food processing and catering industries, such as in hot pot bases, fried instant noodles, pastry puffs, frozen foods, and in the daily chemical industry for processing soap and soap base raw materials and extracting glycerin. For a long time, my country's animal fat production enterprises have used traditional dry or wet refining processes. During processing and storage, raw oils undergo complex chemical changes due to factors such as air, temperature, light, moisture, metal ions, and the fatty acid composition of the oil itself. This leads to oxidative rancidity, resulting in oils with high acid values ​​and peroxide values, making them unsuitable for direct consumption. The acid value of oils is a crucial indicator of their quality; excessively high acid values ​​not only deteriorate the flavor and quality of the oil but also pose health risks. Existing animal fat refining processes typically involve placing whole blocks of animal fat into a melting furnace for melting, which increases the melting time and reduces work efficiency. Furthermore, the use of caustic soda and soda ash for deacidification introduces impurities into the animal fat, reducing the refining rate and causing wastewater pollution. The lack of waste gas treatment equipment also contributes to air pollution, making the process ineffective in terms of environmental protection. Additionally, the introduction of hot brine and hot soft water into the containers can cause splashing and injury to workers, offering no adequate protection.

[0003] To address the aforementioned technical problems, Chinese Patent (Publication No. CN223329258U) provides a deacidification and deodorization device for oil refining, comprising: a deodorization tank with a discharge pipe connected to its bottom; an input unit connected to the inside of the deodorization tank and arranged at the top of the deodorization tank for conveying oil into the deodorization tank; a collection hopper arranged at the top of the deodorization tank, the bottom of the collection hopper being tubular; and a diverter cylinder sleeved at the bottom of the collection hopper and rotatable, the diverter cylinder being connected to the collection hopper. However, this solution consumes a large amount of water vapor and generates a large amount of waste condensate. If directly discharged into the air, it will not only make the production site slippery and the working environment hot and humid, posing potential safety hazards, but will also pollute the air. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an animal fat refining equipment and a method for refining animal fats.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: An animal fat refining device includes a hydration degumming unit, a decolorizing unit, a deodorizing and deacidifying unit, a steam distributor, and a water circulation unit. The hydration degumming unit, the decolorizing unit, and the deodorizing and deacidifying unit are connected in sequence. The crude oil to be refined is pumped into the hydration degumming unit for hydration degumming, then enters the decolorizing unit for decolorization, and after decolorization, enters the deodorizing and deacidifying unit for deodorization and deacidification to form the finished oil. The water circulation unit and the steam distributor are respectively connected to the hydration degumming unit, the decolorizing unit, and the deodorizing and deacidifying unit. The deodorization and deacidification device includes a deodorization tower, a deacidification tower, a finished oil tank, a fatty acid collection mechanism, and a second fine filter. The deodorization tower is connected to the decolorization device, and the deodorization tower is connected to the deacidification tower. The deodorization tower and the deacidification tower are respectively connected to the fatty acid collection mechanism. The second fine filter is connected to both the finished oil tank and the deacidification tower. The steam distributor is connected to both the deodorization tower and the deacidification tower. The oil to be deodorized and deacidified, which has passed through the hydration degumming device and the decolorization device in sequence, enters the deodorization tower for deodorization to form the oil to be deacidified. The oil to be deacidified enters the deacidification tower for deacidification to form the deacidified oil. The deacidified oil is filtered by the second fine filter and finally transported to the finished oil tank for storage.

[0006] As a preferred technical solution, the fatty acid collection mechanism includes a fatty acid collection tower, a fatty acid circulation pump, a fatty acid heat exchanger, and a tail gas condensation structure. The tail gas condensation structure is connected to the top of the fatty acid collection tower. The fatty acid circulation pump connects the upper and lower ends of the fatty acid collection tower. The fatty acid heat exchanger is disposed between the fatty acid circulation pump and the upper end of the fatty acid collection tower, and the fatty acid heat exchanger is connected to the water circulation device.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution, the exhaust gas condensation structure includes an exhaust gas refrigeration condenser, a refrigerant tank, a refrigerant circulation pump, a heat medium tank, a heat medium pump, a fatty acid separation tank, a fatty acid liquid foam collection structure, and a low-temperature refrigeration unit. The exhaust gas refrigeration condenser is connected to the refrigerant tank, the heat medium tank, the fatty acid liquid foam collection structure, and the fatty acid separation tank, respectively. The refrigerant circulation pump connects the refrigerant tank to the low-temperature refrigeration unit, the low-temperature refrigeration unit is connected to the exhaust gas refrigeration condenser, the low-temperature refrigeration unit is connected to the water circulation device, and the heat medium pump is connected to both the heat medium tank and the exhaust gas refrigeration condenser.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution, the fatty acid liquid foam collection structure includes a fatty acid liquid foam trap, a fatty acid liquid foam collection pump, and a fatty acid liquid foam collector. The fatty acid liquid foam trap is connected to the exhaust gas refrigeration condenser and the fatty acid liquid foam collection pump, respectively, and the fatty acid liquid foam trap is connected to the fatty acid liquid foam collector.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution, the deodorization and deacidification device further includes an energy-saving heat exchanger, a deodorization oil heater, a deacidification tower inlet oil heater, a deacidification oil cooler, and a heating system. The decolorization device is connected to the deodorization tower through the energy-saving heat exchanger and the deodorization oil heater. The deacidification tower inlet oil heater is located between the deodorization tower outlet oil pump and the deacidification tower. The energy-saving heat exchanger and the deacidification oil cooler are located between the deacidification tower and the second fine filter. The heating system is connected to the steam distributor, the deacidification tower inlet oil heater, and the deodorization oil heater, respectively.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution, the heating system includes a steam heater, a return heat transfer oil pipe, and an inlet heat transfer oil pipe. The steam distributor, the return heat transfer oil pipe, and the inlet heat transfer oil pipe are respectively connected to the steam heater. The return heat transfer oil pipe conducts low-temperature oil to the steam heater for heat transfer with the steam introduced by the steam distributor. The return heat transfer oil pipe and the inlet heat transfer oil pipe are connected to the deodorized oil heater and the deacidification tower inlet heater.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution, the hydration degumming device includes a refining kettle, a hot water tank, an oil residue salting-out tank, a vacuum drying tower, and a drying oil storage tank. The refining kettle is connected to the hot water tank by a pipeline, the lower end of the refining kettle is connected to the oil residue salting-out tank, the upper end of the refining kettle is connected to the vacuum drying tower, the vacuum drying tower is connected to the drying oil storage tank, and the drying oil storage tank is connected to the decolorization device. Crude oil is added to the refining kettle, reacted, and allowed to stand before stratification. The precipitated oil residue is pumped to the oil residue salting-out tank for storage, and the upper clear oil is transported to the vacuum drying tower. The vacuum drying tower dries the clear oil and then transports it to the drying oil storage tank for storage.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution, the refining kettle includes a reaction kettle, a crude oil feed valve, a refining stirring structure, a phosphoric acid storage tank, a phosphoric acid metering valve, a heavy phase discharge valve, a soapberry box, a degumming heating tube, and a light phase discharge valve. The raw material feed valve is connected to the top of the reaction kettle, the phosphoric acid storage tank is connected to the reaction kettle through the phosphoric acid metering valve, the refining stirring structure is installed on the reaction kettle, and the refining stirring structure includes a stirring motor, a stirring rod, and stirring blades. The stirring motor is installed on the top of the reaction kettle, the stirring blades are arranged in an orderly manner on the stirring rod, the stirring motor drives the stirring rod to rotate, the degumming heating tube is surrounded by the inner wall of the reaction kettle, the steam distributor is connected to the degumming heating tube, the hot water tank is connected to the reaction kettle, the lower end of the reaction kettle is funnel-shaped, the light phase discharge valve is installed on the lower side of the reaction kettle, the heavy phase discharge valve is installed at the lower end of the reaction kettle, and the soapberry box is connected to the bottom of the funnel.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution, the decolorization device includes a decolorization mechanism, a filter, a turbid oil tank, a gas separation tank, a cake-blowing condenser, and a first fine filter. The decolorization mechanism is connected to the filter. The first fine filter is connected to both the gas separation tank and the filter. The top of the gas separation tank is connected to the water circulation device. The turbid oil tank and the steam distributor are connected to the filter. The cake-blowing condenser is connected to both the turbid oil tank and the water circulation device. The gas separation tank is connected to the deodorization and deacidification device. The decolorization mechanism decolorizes the oil and then transports it to the filter. The decolorized clear oil formed in the filter passes through the first fine filter and enters the gas separation tank. The gas separation tank transports the deodorized and deacidified oil to the deodorization and deacidification device. The filter transports the turbid oil produced by filtration to the turbid oil tank. The steam distributor introduces high-temperature steam to blow out impurities from the filter.

[0014] The present invention also provides another solution, a method for refining animal fats applied to the above-mentioned animal fat refining equipment, comprising the following steps: S1. Hydration Degumming: The crude oil to be refined is degummed and dried to form the oil to be decolorized; S2, Decolorization: The decolorized oil is decolorized and filtered to form decolorized clear oil, which is then subjected to gas separation treatment. S3, Deodorization and Deacidification: The oil to be deodorized and deacidified is deodorized and deacidified separately, then filtered to form finished oil for storage.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The animal fat refining equipment and method provided by this invention achieves efficient capture and recovery of volatile fatty acids during the deodorization and deacidification process by setting a fatty acid collection mechanism on the deodorization and deacidification device. First, the circulating condensate in the fatty acid capture tower is used to perform preliminary condensation and separation of fatty acids in the gas, causing non-fatty acid components to precipitate and separate. Then, the evaporated fatty acid gas is introduced into the tail gas refrigeration condenser, where it is frozen and solidified on the inner wall with the help of a low-temperature refrigerant. This effectively avoids the waste of resources and environmental pollution caused by fatty acids being emitted with the tail gas. Finally, the solidified fatty acids are melted by heating with a heat medium and collected in the fatty acid separation tank, realizing the resource utilization of fatty acids. This not only improves the recovery rate of by-products in the animal fat refining process and reduces production costs, but also reduces the emission of harmful gases, which is in line with the concept of green and environmentally friendly production. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This invention relates to a wireframe flow diagram of crude oil flow in an animal fat refining equipment. Figure 2 This is a wireframe flowchart of the hydration degumming apparatus involved in the present invention; Figure 3 This is a wireframe flowchart of the decolorization apparatus involved in the present invention; Figure 4 This is a wireframe flowchart of the deodorization and deacidification apparatus involved in the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the refining vessel involved in the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drying oil heater involved in the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the decolorization mechanism involved in the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the filter machine involved in the present invention; Figure 9 This is a photograph of the refining kettle involved in the present invention; Figure 10 The image shows a physical drawing of the vacuum drying tower involved in this invention. Figure 11 The image shows a physical drawing of the decolorization tower involved in this invention. Figure 12 The image shows a physical drawing of the gas separator involved in this invention. Figure 13 This is a physical image of the filter machine involved in the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, a more detailed description is provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that when an element is described as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element, or one or more intermediate elements may exist between them. When an element is described as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element, or one or more intermediate elements may exist between them. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," and similar expressions used in this specification are for illustrative purposes only. In the description of the present invention, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating relative importance or implying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, unless otherwise stated, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature; "multiple" means two or more. The term "comprising" and any variations thereof mean non-exclusive inclusion, where one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, units, components, and / or combinations thereof may be present or added.

[0019] Furthermore, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly, for example, as a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; as a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; as a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or as a connection within two components. All technical and scientific terms used in this specification have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention. The term "and / or" as used in this specification includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0020] Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0021] like Figure 1As shown, this invention provides an animal fat refining device, including a hydration degumming unit 1, a decolorizing unit 2, a deodorizing and deacidifying unit 3, a steam distributor 4, and a water circulation unit 5. The hydration degumming unit 1, decolorizing unit 2, and deodorizing and deacidifying unit 3 are connected sequentially. The crude oil to be refined is pumped into the hydration degumming unit 1 for hydration degumming, then enters the decolorizing unit 2 for decolorization, and after decolorization, enters the deodorizing and deacidifying unit 3 for deodorization and deacidification to form the finished oil product. The steam distributor 4 and the water circulation unit 5 are respectively connected to the hydration degumming unit 1, decolorizing unit 2, and deodorizing and deacidifying unit 3. The steam distributor 4 provides steam to the hydration degumming unit 1, decolorizing unit 2, and deodorizing and deacidifying unit 3, and the water circulation unit 5 provides cooling water to the hydration degumming unit 1, decolorizing unit 2, and deodorizing and deacidifying unit 3. (Please refer to...) Figures 2-4 As shown, Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 It can be assembled into a complete animal fat refining equipment, in which the yellow line is the animal oil flow line, the red line is the steam flow line, the blue line is the gas flow line, the green line is the cooling water flow line, and the magenta line is the heat transfer oil flow line.

[0022] Please combine Figure 2-4 As shown, the steam distributor 4 is equipped with multiple steam branches and a wastewater tank 41. The steam branches are used to independently distribute saturated steam to the hydration degumming device 1, the decolorization device 2, and the deodorization and deacidification device 3. The wastewater tank 41 is used to collect the condensate and cleaning wastewater discharged from each device, so as to achieve centralized discharge and recycling.

[0023] The water circulation device 5 includes a water storage tank 51, a circulating water pump 52, a decolorizing condenser 53, and a water circulation condenser 54. The water storage tank 51 forms a closed-loop circulation with the hydration degumming device 1, the decolorizing device 2, and the deodorizing and deacidifying device 3 through the circulating water pump 52, and is used to provide process cooling water. The water storage tank 51 is connected to the water circulation condenser 54 through the circulating water pump 52, thereby cooling the circulating water and supplying cooling water to the hydration degumming device 1, the decolorizing device 2, and the deodorizing and deacidifying device 3. The decolorizing condenser 53 is located at the steam outlet end of the decolorizing device 2 and is used to recover the waste heat of high-temperature steam and heat the circulating water.

[0024] Please combine Figure 1-4 as well as Figure 9 and Figure 10As shown, the hydration degumming device 1 includes a refining kettle 11, a hot water tank 12, an oil residue salting-out tank 101, an oil residue feed pump 19, an oil residue pump 102, a drying feed pump 13, a drying oil heater 14, a vacuum drying tower 15, a drying oil extraction pump 16, a drying oil temporary storage tank 17, a decolorizing oil supply pump 18, a degumming liquid foam distributor 103, a degumming liquid foam collection tank 104, a circulating water cooler 105, and a drying vacuum pump 106. The refining kettle 11 is connected to the hot water tank 12 and the steam distributor 4 via pipes. The lower end of the refining kettle 11 is connected to the oil residue salting-out tank 101 via the oil residue feed pump 19, and the oil residue pump 102 is connected to the oil residue salting-out tank 101. The upper end of the refining kettle 11 is connected to the vacuum drying tower 15 via the drying feed pump 13 and the drying oil heater 14. The drying vacuum pump 106 is connected to the top of the vacuum drying tower 15 via the decolorizing condenser 53 and the degumming liquid foam distributor 103. The degumming liquid foam collection tank 104 is connected to the degumming liquid foam distributor 103 and the decolorizing condenser 53 respectively. The drying vacuum pump 106 is connected to the circulating water cooler 105. The drying oil heater 14 is connected to the steam distributor 4. The vacuum drying tower 15 is connected to the drying oil storage tank 17 via the drying oil extraction pump 16. The drying oil storage tank 17 is connected to the decolorizing device 2 via the decolorizing oil supply pump 18. After refined crude oil is added to refining kettle 11, steam distributor 4 supplies steam to the refining kettle 11 to heat it. Phosphoric acid is added to refining kettle 11 and stirred to convert non-hydrated phospholipids into hydrated phospholipids. After the reaction is complete, hot water or hot brine at a set temperature is quantitatively added to refining kettle 11 from hot water tank 12 to react fully with the oil, turning the gums and accompanying substances in the oil into a hydrophilic heavy phase. After being kept at a certain temperature and allowed to settle for a certain period of time, the oil foot is separated. Oil foot feed pump 19 is started to pump the settled oil foot to oil foot salting-out tank 101 for storage. Oil foot pump 102 pumps the oil foot stored in oil foot salting-out tank 101 to an external oil foot tank for external treatment. The upper light phase clear oil of refining kettle 11 is heated by dry oil heater 14 through dry feed pump 13 and then sent to vacuum drying tower 15 to remove moisture and volatiles from the oil. The vacuum drying tower 15 is equipped with heating pipes. Steam is introduced into the heating pipes by the steam distributor 4. The steam heats the light phase clear oil, causing the water and volatiles in the light phase clear oil to evaporate and form dried oil. The drying vacuum pump 106 is started to extract the volatiles in the vacuum drying tower 15. The water and volatiles released from the light phase clear oil are diverted by the degumming liquid separator 103. The liquid is directly transported to the degumming liquid collection tank 104 for storage. The gas is transported to the decolorizing condenser 53 for cooling and then collected by the degumming liquid collection tank 104. The drying vacuum pump 106 introduces the remaining water vapor into the circulating water cooler 105 for condensation and recovery. The drying oil extraction pump 16 extracts the dried oil to the drying oil temporary storage tank 17. The decolorizing oil supply pump 18 extracts the oil stored in the drying oil temporary storage tank 17 to the decolorizing device 2.Among them, the oil foot feed pump 19 is model KCB83.3-2.2KW, the oil foot pump 102 is model KCB83.3--2.2KW, the drying feed pump 13 is model TSB5 / 30-3KW, the drying oil heater 14 is model [missing information], the drying oil extraction pump 16 is model PR425-4025S-213SCM-V--3KW, the decolorizing oil supply pump 18 is model TSB5 / 30-3KW, and the drying vacuum pump 106 is model 2BV5131--11KW.

[0025] like Figure 5As shown, the refining vessel 11 includes a reaction vessel 111, a crude oil feed valve 112, a refining stirring structure, a phosphoric acid storage tank 116, a phosphoric acid metering valve 117, a heavy phase discharge valve 118, a soapberry box 119, a degumming heating tube 1110, and a light phase discharge valve 1111. The raw material feed valve 112 is connected to the top of the reaction vessel 111. The phosphoric acid storage tank 116 is connected to the reaction vessel 111 through the phosphoric acid metering valve 117. The refining stirring structure is installed on the reaction vessel 111. In this embodiment, the refining stirring structure is only used for stirring. The refining stirring structure includes a stirring motor 113, a stirring rod 114, and a stirring blade 115. The stirring motor 113 is installed on the reaction vessel 111. At the top of reactor 111, stirring blades 115 are arranged in an orderly manner on stirring rod 114. Stirring motor 113 drives stirring rod 114 to rotate. Degumming heating tube 1110 surrounds the inner wall of reactor 111. Steam distributor 4 is connected to degumming heating tube 1110. Hot water tank 12 is connected to reactor 111. The lower end of reactor 111 is funnel-shaped. Light phase discharge valve 1111 is installed on the lower side of reactor 111. Heavy phase discharge valve 118 is installed at the lower end of reactor 111. Soapberry box 119, which is connected to the funnel-shaped bottom, is used to collect precipitated soapberry impurities. Soapberry can fully adsorb metal ions, phospholipids, pigments, etc., thereby improving the quality of refined oil. Before the reaction, crude oil to be refined is quantitatively injected into the reaction vessel 111 through the crude oil feed valve 112. Steam is introduced into the degumming heating pipe 1110 by the steam distributor 4 to heat the oil in the reaction vessel 111 to the set temperature. The phosphoric acid metering valve 117 is opened to accurately inject phosphoric acid from the phosphoric acid storage tank 116 into the reaction vessel 111. At the same time, the stirring motor 113 is started, driving the stirring rod 114 to rotate, and the stirring blade 115 stirs evenly to ensure that the phosphoric acid reacts fully with the non-hydrated phospholipids in the oil to generate hydrated phospholipids. After the reaction is completed, the hot water tank 12... Hot water at a set temperature is injected into the reactor 111 through the control valve. Stirring continues to cause the colloids and impurities to aggregate hydrophilically. Then, the stirring motor 113 and steam distributor 4 stop the steam supply to the degumming heating tube 1110 and allow it to settle. After this, the oil foot is separated. The heavy phase discharge valve 118 is opened, allowing the heavy phase oil foot to pass through the soapberry box 119 and then enter the oil foot salting-out tank 101 for storage via the oil foot feed pump 19. The light phase discharge valve 1111 is opened, and the upper light phase clear oil is sent to the vacuum drying tower 15 via the drying feed pump 13 and the drying oil heater 14.

[0026] like Figure 6As shown, the drying oil heater 14 includes a heating chamber 141, a high-temperature pipe 142, and a low-temperature pipe 143. The high-temperature pipe 142 and the low-temperature pipe 143 are synchronously spirally wound inside the heating chamber 141, thereby bringing the low-temperature pipe 142 and the low-temperature pipe 143 closer to each other and prolonging the contact time to achieve efficient heat exchange. Here, high-temperature steam is introduced into the high-temperature pipe 142, and light phase clean oil is introduced into the low-temperature pipe 143, so that the light phase clean oil is rapidly heated to the temperature required for drying during the flow process.

[0027] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of the above-mentioned hydration degumming device 1 are as follows: Phosphoric acid quantitative valve 117 is set in the refining kettle 11 to achieve quantitative addition of phosphoric acid, which can accurately control the reaction ratio of phosphoric acid and crude oil. The degumming heating pipe 1110 is arranged around the refining kettle 11, which can allow the crude oil to fully undergo phospholipid conversion reaction at a suitable temperature, greatly improving the conversion efficiency of non-hydrated phospholipids to hydrated phospholipids. The crude oil is stirred by the refining stirring structure, which can effectively achieve rapid sedimentation and separation of oil residue and clear oil, reducing gum residue in clear oil. The vacuum drying tower 15 continuously heats the clear oil through heating pipes and combines with the vacuum environment to deeply remove moisture and volatiles from the oil. The dried clear oil is stably stored in the drying oil temporary storage tank before entering the subsequent decolorization process, which effectively avoids the problem of reduced decolorization efficiency caused by incomplete treatment in traditional degumming processes, and significantly improves the stability of the overall refining process and the quality of oil. Meanwhile, the oil residue salting tank 101 enables the temporary storage and subsequent processing of oil residue, while the degumming liquid foam diverter 103 and the degumming liquid foam collection tank 104 effectively divert and collect volatiles. The circulating water cooler 5 condenses and recovers the remaining water vapor. The overall system not only improves the degumming efficiency and oil purity, but also realizes the graded treatment of waste materials and resource recovery, reducing energy consumption and waste.

[0028] Please combine Figure 1-4 as well as Figure 11 , Figure 12 and Figure 13As shown, the decolorizing device 2 includes a decolorizing mechanism 21, a filter 22, a turbid oil tank 25, a gas separation tank 23, a decolorizing filter oil pump 27, a cake blowing condenser 26, a first fine filter 28, and a gas separation tank extraction pump 24. The decolorizing mechanism 21 is connected to the filter 22 via the decolorizing filter oil pump 27. The first fine filter 28 is connected to both the gas separation tank 23 and the filter 22. The top of the gas separation tank 23 is connected to the decolorizing condenser 53. The turbid oil tank 25 and the steam distributor 4 are connected to the filter 22. The cake blowing condenser 26 is connected to both the turbid oil tank 25 and the water circulation device 5. The gas separation tank 23 is connected to the deodorizing and deacidifying device 3 via the gas separation tank extraction pump 24. The decolorizing mechanism 21 receives the dried oil, adds a decolorizing agent, and stirs it. In this embodiment, the decolorizing agent is white... The decolorized oil formed after mixing is transported to the filter 22 by the decolorizing filter oil pump 27. After passing through the filter 22, the decolorized clear oil enters the gas separation tank 23 after passing through the first fine filter 28. The gas separation tank 23 is equipped with a heating pipe, which is connected to the steam distributor 4 for heating the gas separation tank 23. The gas separation tank 23 removes oxygen from the decolorized clear oil. The gas separation tank extraction pump 24 transports the deodorized and deacidified oil to the deodorization and deacidification device 3. The filter 22 transports the turbid oil produced by filtration to the turbid oil tank 25. The steam distributor 4 introduces high-temperature steam to the filter 22 to blow out impurities. The turbid oil tank 25 is equipped with a turbid oil diverter 251, which condenses the generated high-temperature steam in the blow cake condenser before discharge. Among them, the decolorizing filter oil pump 27 is model TSB5 / 30-5.5KW, and the gas extraction tank pump 24 is model PR425-4025S-213CM-V--3KW.

[0029] like Figure 7As shown, the decolorization mechanism 21 includes a clay feeding assembly, a decolorization diversion valve 216, and a decolorization tower 211. The clay feeding assembly includes a clay tank 212, a clay feeder 214, and a dust removal structure 213. The clay tank 212 is installed at the upper end of the decolorization tower 211, and the dust removal structure 213 is installed at the upper end of the clay tank 211. The clay feeder 214 is connected to the clay tank 212 and is used to store clay and feed it to the clay tank 212. The lower end of the clay tank 212 is funnel-shaped, and the lower end of the clay tank 212 is connected to the decolorization tower 211. The lower end is connected and a meter is provided at the lower end for calculating the amount of bleaching clay added. The dust removal structure 213 is used to adsorb the dust located in the bleaching clay tank 212. The dust removal structure 213 includes a dust collector 2132 and a dust removal fan 2131. The dust collector 2132 is installed at the upper end of the bleaching clay tank 212. When the dust removal fan 2131 is started, air is introduced into the bleaching clay tank 211 and discharged from the bleaching clay tank 211 after passing through the dust collector 2132. The dust carried out by the air is stored in the dust collector 2132. In this embodiment, the model of the dust removal fan 2131 is P5124. The decolorization tower 211 is equipped with a decolorization stirring structure 215 and a decolorization steam pipe 217. The decolorization stirring structure 215 is installed on the decolorization tower 211. In this embodiment, the structure of the decolorization stirring structure 215 is the same as that of the refining stirring structure. The decolorization steam pipe 217 is installed at the bottom of the decolorization tower 211 and is connected to the steam distributor 4. It is used to introduce high-temperature steam into the decolorization tower 211 to maintain the reaction temperature and strip some impurities. The drying vacuum pump 106 is used accordingly. The decolorizing condenser 53 and the decolorizing diversion valve 216 are connected to the top of the decolorizing tower 211. The steam and volatiles in the decolorizing tower 211 are adsorbed and passed through the decolorizing diversion valve 216 to the decolorizing condenser 53 for cooling. The water condensed in the decolorizing diversion valve 216 is fed back into the decolorizing tower 211. The remaining volatiles after condensation are fed into the degumming liquid foam collection tank 104 for collection. Finally, the water vapor is fed into the circulating water cooler 105 through the drying vacuum pump 106 to complete the condensation and collection.

[0030] like Figure 8As shown, in this embodiment, there are two filters 22. The filters 22 are equipped with an oil inlet valve 221, an oil outlet valve 222, an overflow valve 223, a filter screen 224, and a discharge port 225. The oil inlet valve 221, the oil outlet valve 222, and the overflow valve 223 are arranged on the filters 22 from bottom to top. The filter screen 224 is arranged inside the filters 22 and is located between the oil inlet valve 221 and the oil outlet valve 222. The discharge port 225 is located at the lower end of the filters 22. The mesh size of the filter screen 224 is set to 100, which can effectively filter the white clay and impurities in the decolorized oil. The steam distributor 4 and the turbid oil tank 25 are respectively connected to the overflow valve 223. The blow-cake condenser 26, the first fine filter 28, and the decolorization tower 211 are respectively connected to the oil outlet valve 222. The decolorization tower 211 and the turbid oil tank 25 are respectively connected to the oil inlet valve 221. When the filter 22 is filtering, the feed port 225 is closed, and the oil inlet valve 221 and oil outlet valve 222 are opened. The decolorizing filter oil pump 27 is started, pumping the decolorizing oil located at the bottom of the decolorizing mechanism 21 to the filter 22. The pressure of the decolorizing oil continuously pumped by the decolorizing filter oil pump 27 causes the decolorizing oil to pass through the filter screen 224, forming decolorized clear oil that flows out from the oil outlet valve 222 into the gas separator 23. If the filter 22 overflows, the overflow valve 223 is opened, and the decolorized clear oil overflowing from the filter 222 from the overflow valve 223 is transported to the turbid oil tank 25, and then from the turbid oil tank 25 to the decolorizing tower 211 for decolorization again.

[0031] When filter 22 becomes clogged, meaning the filter material on filter screen 224 has blocked it, causing excessively high oil pressure below filter screen 224, the decolorizing oil is first introduced into another filter 22. The inlet valve 221 and outlet valve 222 of the clogged filter 22 are then opened, allowing the clear oil on top of filter screen 224 to flow back to decolorizing tower 211 for re-decolorization. The turbid oil below filter screen 224 flows into turbid oil tank 25. Once the turbid oil has drained, the inlet valve 221 is closed. Open the oil outlet valve 222, overflow valve 223 and discharge port 225. Steam distributor 4 introduces steam through overflow valve 223 to pressurize the filter cake (the filter material located on filter screen 224) to dry it and blow it away from filter screen 224. After the filter cake falls off, it leaves the filter machine 22 through discharge port 225. The introduced steam and blown liquid flow through oil outlet valve 222 to turbid oil distributor 251. The liquid flows to turbid oil tank 25, and the steam flows to blow cake condenser 26 for condensation and then discharge.

[0032] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of the above-mentioned decolorization device 2 are as follows: the decolorization mechanism 21 achieves precise metering and dust-free addition of bleaching clay through the bleaching clay feeding component. The bleaching clay feeder 214, in conjunction with the metering device at the lower end of the bleaching clay tank 212, can accurately control the amount of bleaching clay added, ensuring the optimal reaction ratio between the decolorizing agent and the oil, thus reducing decolorization costs while ensuring decolorization efficiency. The dust removal structure 213 effectively adsorbs the dust generated during the bleaching clay addition process, improving the operating environment and avoiding dust pollution. The decolorization stirring structure 215 inside the decolorization tower 211 ensures that the bleaching clay and oil are fully mixed and in contact. Combined with the high-temperature steam introduced through the decolorization steam pipe 217, it not only maintains a suitable decolorization reaction temperature but also helps to heat and volatilize the impurities. Through the combined action of the drying vacuum pump 106 and the decolorization condenser 53, the steam and volatiles generated during the decolorization process are collected. Finally, the condensate is returned and the volatiles are collected in stages through the decolorization diversion valve 216, reducing material loss. Filter 22 uses a 100-mesh filter screen 224, which can efficiently filter out bleaching clay and fine impurities in the decolorizing oil to form decolorized clear oil, ensuring the purity of the decolorized clear oil. The use of dual filters 22 realizes the alternation of filtration and cleaning, ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the decolorization process and avoiding production interruptions caused by the blockage of a single filter. When filter 22 becomes blocked, the bleaching clay filter cake on the filter screen 224 can be quickly removed to restore filtration capacity. At the same time, the clear oil is returned to the decolorization tower 211 and the turbid oil is collected in the turbid oil tank 25. The gas separator 23 further heats the decolorized clear oil through heating pipes, and combined with the gas separator extraction pump 24, it can effectively remove oxygen from the oil, prevent the oil from deteriorating due to oxidation in subsequent processes, and significantly improve the stability of the final product.

[0033] Please combine Figure 1-4As shown, the deodorization and deacidification device 3 includes a deodorization tower 33, a deacidification tower 36, an energy-saving heat exchanger 31, a deodorization oil heater 32, a deacidification tower inlet oil heater 35, a deacidification oil cooler 38, a deodorization tower outlet oil pump 34, a deacidification tower extraction pump 37, a finished oil tank 39, a finished oil pump 391, a heating system 310, a fatty acid collection mechanism 311, and a second fine filter 312. The gas separation tank extraction pump 24 is connected to the deodorization tower 33 in sequence through the energy-saving heat exchanger 31 and the deodorization oil heater 32. The deodorization tower outlet oil pump 34 connects the deodorization tower 33 and the deacidification tower 36. The deacidification tower inlet oil heater 35 is located between the deodorization tower outlet oil pump 34 and the deacidification tower 36. Between these components, the deacidification tower extraction pump 37 connects the deacidification tower 36 to the energy-saving heat exchanger 31 and the deacidification oil cooler 38 in sequence; the second fine filter 312 is connected to the deacidification oil cooler 38 and the finished oil tank 39 respectively; the finished oil pump 391 is connected to the finished oil tank 39; the heating system 310 is connected to the steam distributor 4, the deacidification tower inlet heater 35 and the deodorization oil heater 32 respectively; the fatty acid collection mechanism 311 is connected to the deodorization tower 36 and the deacidification tower 39 respectively, and is used to collect the fatty acids generated by evaporation in the deodorization tower 36 and the deacidification tower 39; and the water circulation device 5 is connected to the deacidification oil cooler 38, thereby realizing the function of cooling the deacidification oil. The deodorized and deacidified oil sequentially passes through an energy-saving heat exchanger 31 and a deodorized oil heater 32 before entering a deodorization tower 33 for deodorization. The deodorization tower outlet pump 34 draws the deacidified oil out, passes it through a deacidification tower inlet heater 35, and then into a deacidification tower 36 for deacidification. The deacidification tower extraction pump 37 draws the deacidified oil out, passes it through an energy-saving heat exchanger 31 and a deacidified oil cooler 38, and then filters it through a second fine filter 312. Finally, it is transported to a finished oil tank 39 for storage. The finished oil pump 391 can extract the finished oil from the finished oil tank 39 for transfer to an external tank. The deodorization tower outlet pump 34 is model PH425-4025S-213JCM-SSS--3KW, the deacidification tower extraction pump 37 is model PH425-4025S-213JCM-SSS--3KW, and the finished oil pump 391 is model TSB5 / 50-5.5KW.

[0034] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of the above-mentioned deodorization and deacidification device 3 are as follows: The use of an energy-saving heat exchanger 31 achieves heat exchange between the deacidified oil and the oil to be deodorized and deacidified, effectively recovering the waste heat carried by the deacidified oil and significantly reducing the load on the deodorized oil heater 32 and the deacidification tower inlet heater 35, thereby saving energy consumption of the heating system 310 and improving the overall energy efficiency of the device. The series connection of the deodorization tower 33 and the deacidification tower 36 ensures that the oil first undergoes deodorization to remove odorous substances before entering the deacidification tower 36 for the removal of free fatty acids, ensuring that the flavor and acid value of the final product meet the standards. The heating system 310 uniformly provides heat sources for the steam distributor 4, the deacidification tower inlet heater 35, and the deodorized oil heater 32, facilitating centralized control and management and ensuring a stable supply of heat required for each heating stage. The fatty acid collection mechanism 311 effectively collects the fatty acids produced by evaporation in the deodorization tower 33 and the deacidification tower 36, realizing the recovery and utilization of by-products, which not only reduces emissions pollution but also creates certain economic benefits. The second fine filter 312 filters the deacidified and cooled oil again to further remove any possible residual micro-impurities, ensuring the purity and quality of the finished oil. The deacidified oil cooler 38 can quickly cool the high-temperature deacidified oil to a suitable storage temperature, preventing the oil from oxidizing and deteriorating due to prolonged high temperatures.

[0035] The heating system 310 includes a steam heater 3101, a return heat transfer oil pipe 3102, and an inlet heat transfer oil pipe 3103. In this embodiment, the structures of the steam heater 3101, the energy-saving heat exchanger 31, the deodorizing oil heater 32, the deacidification tower inlet oil heater 35, and the deacidification oil cooler 38 are the same as those of the drying oil heater 14. The steam distributor 4, the return heat transfer oil pipe 3102, and the inlet heat transfer oil pipe 3103 are respectively connected to the steam heater 3101. The return heat transfer oil pipe 3102 conducts low-temperature oil to the steam heater 3101. In step 1, the steam introduced into the steam distributor 4 conducts heat transfer, thereby conducting the high-temperature oil to the inlet heat transfer oil tank 3103. The return heat transfer oil pipe 3102 and the inlet heat transfer oil pipe 3103 are connected to the deodorizing oil heater 32, so that the high-temperature oil heats the oil to be deodorized. The return heat transfer oil pipe 3102 and the inlet heat transfer oil pipe 3103 are connected to the deacidification tower inlet oil heater 35, so that the high-temperature oil heats the oil to be deacidified. In the energy-saving heat exchanger 31, the oil to be deodorized and the deacidified oil exchanged heat, thereby realizing the function of raising the temperature of the oil to be deodorized and cooling the deacidified oil.

[0036] Compared with existing technologies, the heating system 310 has the advantage of forming a heat transfer oil circulation loop through the return heat transfer oil pipe 3102 and the inlet heat transfer oil pipe 3103, which can provide a stable and efficient heat source. The return heat transfer oil pipe 3102 transports the low-temperature heat transfer oil to the steam heater 3101, where it undergoes sufficient heat exchange with the steam introduced by the steam distributor 4. The heated high-temperature heat transfer oil is then transported through the inlet heat transfer oil pipe 3103 to the deodorizing oil heater 32 and the deacidification tower inlet oil heater 35, respectively, providing continuous and stable heat for heating the oil to be deodorized and the oil to be deacidified. This design ensures uniform heat transfer, avoids local overheating or underheating, and guarantees the optimal temperature conditions required for the deodorization and deacidification reactions. Using heat transfer oil as the heat transfer medium has higher thermal efficiency and more stable temperature control accuracy compared to direct steam heating, which can better meet the strict temperature requirements of the deodorization and deacidification processes and further ensure the stability of product quality.

[0037] The fatty acid collection mechanism 311 includes a fatty acid collection tower 3111, a fatty acid circulation pump 3112, a fatty acid heat exchanger 3113, and a tail gas condensation structure. The tail gas condensation structure is connected to the top of the fatty acid collection tower 3111. The fatty acid circulation pump 3112 connects the upper and lower ends of the fatty acid collection tower 3111. The fatty acid heat exchanger 3113 is located between the fatty acid circulation pump 3112 and the upper end of the fatty acid collection tower 3111, and is connected to the water circulation device 5. The tail gas condensation structure includes a tail gas refrigeration condenser 3114, a refrigerant tank 3115, a refrigerant circulation pump 3116, a heat transfer medium tank 3117, a heat transfer medium pump 3119, a fatty acid separation tank 3118, a fatty acid liquid droplet collection structure, and a low-temperature refrigeration unit. 31104, the exhaust gas refrigeration condenser 3114 is connected to the refrigerant tank 3115, the heat transfer medium tank 3117, the fatty acid liquid droplet collection structure, and the fatty acid separation tank 3118, respectively. The refrigerant circulation pump 3116 connects the refrigerant tank 3115 to the low-temperature refrigeration unit 31104. The low-temperature refrigeration unit 31104 is connected to the exhaust gas refrigeration condenser 3114. The low-temperature refrigeration unit 31104 is connected to the water circulation device 5 for cooling the refrigerant. The heat transfer medium pump 3119 is connected to the heat transfer medium tank 3117 and the exhaust gas refrigeration condenser 3114, respectively. The fatty acid liquid droplet collection structure includes a fatty acid liquid droplet collector 31101, a fatty acid liquid droplet collection pump 31102, and a fatty acid liquid droplet collector 31103. The fatty acid liquid droplet collector 31101 is connected to the... The exhaust gas refrigeration condenser 3114 is connected to the fatty acid liquid mist collection pump 31102. The fatty acid liquid mist collector 31101 is connected to the fatty acid liquid mist collector 31103. The fatty acid heat exchanger 3113 is connected to the water circulation device 5. The fatty acid collection tower 3111 collects the fatty acids volatilized from the deodorization tower 33 and the deacidification tower 36. The fatty acid collection tower 3111 is connected to the steam distributor 4 to heat the liquid at the bottom of the fatty acid collection tower 3111, causing the volatiles in it to evaporate. The fatty acid circulation pump 3112 pumps the liquid at the bottom of the fatty acid collection tower 3111 to the fatty acid heat exchanger 3113. After the fatty acid heat exchanger 3113 cools the liquid, it enters from the top of the fatty acid collection tower 3111 and reacts with the newly entered fatty acid liquid. The gas in the collecting tower 3111 is condensed upon contact, causing fatty acids to evaporate and flow into the tail gas refrigeration condenser 3114. Non-fatty acids precipitate at the bottom of the fatty acid collecting tower 3111 and are finally extracted and stored in the fatty acid storage tank. The gas evaporated from the fatty acid collecting tower 3111 is passed into the tail gas refrigeration condenser 3114. The refrigerant tank 3315, through the refrigerant circulation pump 3316, passes the refrigerant stored therein into the low-temperature refrigeration unit 31103. After the refrigerant is cooled, it is passed into the tail gas refrigeration condenser 3114, where the fatty acids are frozen and solidified on the inner wall of the tail gas refrigeration condenser 3114. The remaining liquid is pumped by the fatty acid liquid droplet collection pump 31102 to the fatty acid liquid droplet collector 31101 for collection and storage in the fatty acid liquid droplet collector 31103.Refrigerant circulation pump 3316 stops, and then heat transfer pump 3119 pumps heat transfer medium from heat transfer medium tank 3117 to the heated medium, which is then delivered to the exhaust gas refrigeration condenser 3114, where the fatty acids melt and flow to the fatty acid separation tank 3118 for storage. The fatty acid circulation pump 3112 is model PR425-6550TS-312SCM-V--5.5KW, the refrigerant circulation pump 3116 is model SHHW50-200A, and the heat transfer pump 3118 is model SHHW50-200A.

[0038] Compared with existing technologies, the fatty acid collection mechanism 311 has the advantage of being able to deeply treat the tail gas generated during the deodorization and deacidification process through the tail gas refrigeration condenser 3114 and the fatty acid capture tower 3111, achieving efficient capture and recovery of fatty acids. Specifically, non-fatty acids precipitate at the bottom of the fatty acid capture tower 3111 and are extracted and stored, while the evaporated gas enters the tail gas refrigeration condenser 3114 and is transported by the refrigerant tank 3315 and the refrigerant circulation pump 3316 to the low-temperature refrigeration unit 31103 to cool the refrigerant, freezing and solidifying the fatty acids in the tail gas onto the inner wall of the condenser. This physical separation method effectively avoids the problems of chemical pollution or incomplete separation that may occur in traditional methods. For the remaining liquid, it is pumped to the fatty acid liquid droplet collector 31101 by the fatty acid liquid droplet collector pump 31102 for collection and storage in the fatty acid liquid droplet collector 31103, further improving the fatty acid recovery rate. When the refrigerant circulation stops, the heat pump 3119 heats the heat medium from the heat medium tank 3117 and delivers it to the tail gas refrigeration condenser 3114, which melts the solidified fatty acids and allows them to flow to the fatty acid separation tank 3118 for storage. The whole process is highly automated, ensuring the stability and reliability of the equipment operation, significantly improving the recycling rate of by-products in the refining of animal fats, and reducing resource waste and environmental pollution risks.

[0039] The aforementioned animal fat refining equipment, through the coordinated operation of degumming, decolorizing, and deodorizing / deacidifying units, achieves the integration and automation of the animal fat refining process. The degumming unit efficiently completes the degumming process through precise phosphoric acid addition, heating and stirring, and oil-water separation, laying the foundation for subsequent refining. The decolorizing unit uses decolorizing agents such as bleaching clay, combined with high-temperature steam stirring and efficient filtration, effectively removing pigments and residual impurities from the fat. The filter, with multi-valve control and backflushing slag removal design, ensures filtration efficiency and continuity, reducing fat loss. The deodorizing / deacidifying unit deodorizes and deacidifies the fat, recovering heat energy through an energy-saving heat exchanger. The heating system precisely controls the deodorizing / deacidifying temperature, and the fatty acid collection mechanism efficiently captures and separates volatiles, significantly improving the quality and flavor of the finished oil. This not only increases refining efficiency and reduces energy consumption and labor costs but also effectively controls various process parameters, ensuring the stability and uniformity of product quality, demonstrating high industrial application value and economic benefits.

[0040] A method for refining animal fats using the aforementioned animal fat refining equipment includes the following steps: S1. Hydration Degumming: The crude oil to be refined is degummed and dried to form the decolorized oil. The specific steps are as follows: S1.1 Degumming: The oil to be degummed is introduced into the refining kettle 11 for degumming treatment. The specific steps are as follows: S1.1.1, The oil to be degummed is quantitatively introduced into the refining kettle 11. Steam is introduced into the degumming heating tube 1110 by the steam distributor 4 to heat the oil in the reaction kettle 111 to 70-80℃; S1.1.2, The phosphoric acid metering valve 117 is opened to accurately inject the phospholipase C solution located in the phosphoric acid storage tank 116 into the reaction kettle 111. At the same time, the stirring motor 113 is started, and the stirring blade 115 stirs the mixture evenly for 6-8 minutes to allow the phosphoric acid to fully react with the non-hydrated phospholipids in the oil to generate hydrated phospholipids; S1.1.3, After the reaction is completed, the hot water tank 12 injects hot water at 80-90℃ into the reaction kettle 111 through the control valve, and stirring continues to cause the gum and impurities to aggregate hydrophilically.

[0041] S1.2, Static Separation: Stop the stirring motor 113 and the steam distributor 4 to stop the steam from being introduced into the degumming heating tube 1110 and let it stand for 30-40 minutes to settle, so as to achieve oil-foot separation.

[0042] S1.3 Vacuum Drying: The light phase discharge valve 1111 is opened, and the upper light phase clear oil is sent into the vacuum drying tower 15 through the drying feed pump 13 and the drying oil heater 14. The steam distributor 4 introduces steam into the heating pipe, and the steam heats the light phase clear oil, causing the water and volatiles in the light phase clear oil to evaporate and form dried oil.

[0043] S1.4 Storage of drying oil: The drying oil extraction pump 16 extracts the drying oil into the drying oil temporary storage tank 17, and the decolorizing oil supply pump 18 extracts the oil to be decolorized stored in the drying oil temporary storage tank 17 into the decolorizing device 2.

[0044] S1.5 Liquid foam collection: The water and volatiles removed from the light phase clear oil are diverted by the degumming liquid foam distributor 103. The liquid is directly transported to the degumming liquid foam collection tank 104 for storage, and the gas is transported to the decolorizing condenser 53 for cooling and then collected through the degumming liquid foam collection tank 104.

[0045] S1.6 Oil Foot Collection: The heavy phase discharge valve 118 is opened, allowing the heavy phase oil foot to pass through the soapberry box 119 and then enter the oil foot salting-out tank 101 for storage via the oil foot feed pump 19.

[0046] S2. Decolorization: The decolorized oil is decolorized and filtered to form decolorized clear oil. The decolorized clear oil is then subjected to gas removal treatment. The specific steps are as follows: S2.1 Mixed Decolorization: The decolorization unit 21 receives the dried oil and adds a decolorizing agent. Then, the decolorization stirring structure 215 is started to stir for 30-60 minutes. The decolorization steam pipe 217 introduces high-temperature steam into the decolorization tower 211 to maintain the reaction temperature at 100-110℃ and remove some impurities. After stirring, the decolorized oil is transported to the filter 22 through the decolorization filter oil pump 27. The drying vacuum pump 106 adsorbs the steam and volatiles in the decolorization tower 211 and passes them through the decolorization diversion valve 216 to the decolorization condenser 53 for cooling. The water condensed in the decolorization diversion valve 216 is reintroduced into the decolorization tower 211. The remaining volatiles after condensation are introduced into the degumming liquid foam collection tank 104 for collection. Finally, the water vapor is introduced into the circulating water cooler 105 through the drying vacuum pump 106 to complete the condensation and collection.

[0047] S2.2 Filtration: After stirring, the decolorized oil is pumped to the filter 22 by the decolorizing filter oil pump 27. The decolorized oil passes through the filter 22 to form decolorized clear oil, which then passes through the first fine filter 28 and enters the gas separation tank 23. S2.2.1 When the filter 22 is filtering, the feed port 225 is closed, and the oil inlet valve 221 and oil outlet valve 222 are opened. The decolorizing filter oil pump 27 is started, pumping the decolorized oil located at the bottom of the decolorizing mechanism 21 to the filter 22. The pressure of the decolorized oil continuously pumped by the decolorizing filter oil pump 27 causes the decolorized oil to pass through the filter screen 224 to form decolorized clear oil, which flows out from the oil outlet valve 222 into the gas separation tank 23. If the filter 22 overflows, the overflow valve 223 is opened, and the decolorized clear oil overflowing from the filter 222 from the overflow valve 223 is transported to the turbid oil tank 25, and then from the turbid oil tank 25 to the decolorizing tower 211 for decolorization again. S2.2.2 When filter 22 becomes clogged, meaning the filter material on filter screen 224 has blocked it, causing excessively high oil pressure below filter screen 224, first allow the decolorizing oil to flow into another filter 22. Open the inlet valve 221 and outlet valve 222 of the clogged filter 22, allowing the clear oil on top of filter screen 224 to flow back to decolorizing tower 211 for re-decolorization. The turbid oil below filter screen 224 flows into turbid oil tank 25. When the turbid oil has drained... Afterwards, close the oil inlet valve 221, open the oil outlet valve 222, overflow valve 223 and discharge port 225. Steam distributor 4 introduces steam through overflow valve 223 to pressurize and dry the clay filter cake and blow it away from the filter screen 224. After the clay filter cake falls off, it leaves the filter machine 22 through discharge port 225. The introduced steam and blown liquid flow through oil outlet valve 222 to turbid oil distributor 251. The liquid flows to turbid oil tank 25, and the steam flows to the cake condenser 26 for condensation and then discharge.

[0048] S2.3, Gas Desorption: The gas desorption tank 23 is heated to remove oxygen from the decolorized oil, and the gas desorption tank pump 24 transports the deodorized and deacidified oil after gas desorption to the deodorization and deacidification device 3.

[0049] S3. Deodorization and Deacidification: The oil to be deodorized and deacidified is deodorized and deacidified separately, then filtered to form the finished oil for storage. The specific steps are as follows: S3.1 Deodorization: The deodorized and deacidified oil sequentially passes through the energy-saving heat exchanger 31 and the deodorized oil heater 32 before entering the deodorization tower 33 for deodorization. High-temperature vacuum distillation is used to further remove volatile impurities and odors from the oil. The temperature is controlled between 200℃ and 240℃, and the vacuum degree is maintained below 0.02MPa to prevent oxidation and decomposition of the oil under high temperature conditions. In order to retain the natural antioxidant components (such as vitamin E and polyphenols) in the oil to the greatest extent, the duration of the deodorization process is strictly controlled within 30 minutes.

[0050] S3.2 Deacidification: The deodorization tower oil pump 34 draws out the oil to be deacidified and passes it through the deacidification tower oil inlet heater 35 to the deacidification tower 36 for deacidification. The degummed oil is treated at a pressure of 0.02-0.6 kPa and a temperature of 180-250℃ to obtain deacidified oil. Its main purpose is to remove free fatty acids from the crude oil, and at the same time remove some impurities such as pigments, phospholipids, hydrocarbons and mucus.

[0051] S3.3 Cooling and Storage: The deacidification tower extraction pump 37 extracts the deacidified oil, which passes through the energy-saving heat exchanger 31 and the deacidified oil cooler 38, and then through the second fine filter 312 for filtration. Finally, it is transported to the finished oil tank 39 for storage. S3.4 Collection of Fatty Acids: Fatty acids volatilized during deodorization in deodorization tower 33 and deacidification in deacidification tower 36 are collected. The specific steps are as follows: S3.4.1 Fatty acid trapping tower 3111 collects fatty acids volatilized from deodorization tower 33 and deacidification tower 36. Steam distributor 4 heats the liquid at the bottom of fatty acid trapping tower 3111, causing the volatiles in it to evaporate; S3.4.2 Fatty acid circulation pump 3112 pumps the liquid at the bottom of fatty acid trapping tower 3111 to fatty acid heat exchanger 3113. After cooling the liquid in fatty acid heat exchanger 3113, it enters from the top of fatty acid trapping tower 3111, contacts the gas that just entered fatty acid trapping tower 3111 and condenses, causing fatty acids to volatilize and go to tail gas refrigeration condenser 3114. Non-fatty acids precipitate at the bottom of fatty acid trapping tower 3111; S3.4.3 Fatty acid trapping... The gas evaporated from the collecting tower 3111 is introduced into the tail gas refrigeration condenser 3114. The refrigerant tank 3315, through the refrigerant circulation pump 3316, introduces the refrigerant stored therein into the low-temperature refrigeration unit 31103. The low-temperature refrigeration unit 31103 is connected to the water circulation device 5 to cool the refrigerant. After cooling, the refrigerant is introduced into the tail gas refrigeration condenser 3114 to freeze and solidify the fatty acids on the inner wall of the tail gas refrigeration condenser 3114. The remaining liquid is pumped by the fatty acid liquid droplet collection pump 31102 to the fatty acid liquid droplet collector 31101 for collection and storage in the fatty acid liquid droplet collector 31103. S3.4.4, the refrigerant circulation pump 3316 stops, and then the heat medium pump 3118 pumps the heat medium from the heat medium tank 3117 to the tail gas refrigeration condenser 3114 after heating, so that the fatty acids melt and flow to the fatty acid separation tank 3118 for storage.

[0052] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Under the concept of the present invention, the technical features of the above embodiments or different embodiments can also be combined, the steps can be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of different aspects of the present invention as described above. For the sake of brevity, they are not provided in detail. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. These modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An animal fat refining apparatus, characterized by comprising: The device comprises a hydration degumming device, a decoloring device, a deodorization and deacidification device, a steam distributor and a water circulation device, the hydration degumming device, the decoloring device and the deodorization and deacidification device are sequentially communicated, the crude oil to be refined is pumped into the hydration degumming device for hydration degumming, then enters the decoloring device for decoloring treatment, and after the decoloring is completed, enters the deodorization and deacidification device for deodorization and deacidification to form finished oil, the water circulation device and the steam distributor are connected with the hydration degumming device, the decoloring device and the deodorization and deacidification device respectively; The deodorization and deacidification device comprises a deodorization tower, a deacidification tower, a finished oil tank, a fatty acid collecting mechanism and a second fine filter, the deodorization tower is communicated with the decoloring device, the deodorization tower is communicated with the deacidification tower, the deodorization tower and the deacidification tower are respectively communicated with the fatty acid collecting mechanism, the second fine filter is respectively communicated with the finished oil tank and the deacidification tower, the steam distributor is respectively communicated with the deodorization tower and the deacidification tower, the oil to be deodorized and deacidified which sequentially passes through the hydration degumming device and the decoloring device enters the deodorization tower to be deodorized to form oil to be deacidified, the oil to be deacidified enters the deacidification tower to be deacidified to form deacidified oil, the deacidified oil is filtered in the second fine filter, and finally is transported into the finished oil tank for storage.

2. The animal fat refining apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by, The fatty acid collecting mechanism comprises a fatty acid trapping tower, a fatty acid circulating pump, a fatty acid heat exchanger and a tail gas condensing structure, the tail gas condensing structure is communicated with the top of the fatty acid trapping tower, the fatty acid circulating pump communicates the upper end and the lower end of the fatty acid trapping tower, the fatty acid heat exchanger is arranged between the fatty acid circulating pump and the upper end of the fatty acid trapping tower, and the fatty acid heat exchanger is communicated with the water circulation device.

3. The animal fat refining apparatus according to claim 2, characterized by The tail gas condensing structure comprises a tail gas freezing condenser, a refrigerant tank, a refrigerant circulating pump, a heat medium tank, a heat medium pump, a fatty acid separation tank, a fatty acid liquid mist collecting structure and a low-temperature refrigeration unit, the tail gas freezing condenser is respectively communicated with the refrigerant tank, the heat medium tank, the fatty acid liquid mist collecting structure and the fatty acid separation tank, the refrigerant circulating pump communicates the refrigerant tank and the low-temperature refrigeration unit, the low-temperature refrigeration unit is communicated with the tail gas freezing condenser, the low-temperature refrigeration unit is connected with the water circulation device, and the heat medium pump is respectively communicated with the heat medium tank and the tail gas freezing condenser.

4. The animal fat refining apparatus according to claim 3, characterized by The fatty acid liquid mist collecting structure comprises a fatty acid liquid mist trap, a fatty acid liquid mist trapping pump and a fatty acid liquid mist collector, the fatty acid liquid mist trap is respectively communicated with the tail gas freezing condenser and the fatty acid liquid mist trapping pump, and the fatty acid liquid mist trap is communicated with the fatty acid liquid mist collector.

5. The animal fat refining apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that, The deodorization and deacidification device further comprises an energy-saving heat exchanger, a deodorizing oil heater, a deacidification tower oil inlet heater, a deacidification oil cooler and a heating system, the decolorizing device is communicated with the deodorizing tower through the energy-saving heat exchanger and the deodorizing oil heater, the deacidification tower oil inlet heater is arranged between the deodorizing tower oil outlet pump and the deacidification tower, the energy-saving heat exchanger and the deacidification oil cooler are arranged between the deacidification tower and the second precision filter, and the heating system is connected with the steam distributor, the deacidification tower oil inlet heater and the deodorizing oil heater respectively.

6. The animal fat refining apparatus according to claim 5, characterized by The heating system comprises a steam heating heater, a back heat conduction oil pipe and an inlet heat conduction oil pipe, the steam distributor, the back heat conduction oil pipe and the inlet heat conduction oil pipe are communicated with the steam heating heater respectively, the back heat conduction oil pipe conducts low-temperature oil into the steam heating heater to perform heat transfer with steam introduced by the steam distributor, the back heat conduction oil pipe and the inlet heat conduction oil pipe are communicated with the deodorizing oil heater, and the back heat conduction oil pipe and the inlet heat conduction oil pipe are communicated with the deacidification tower oil inlet heater.

7. The animal fat refining apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by The hydration degumming device comprises a refining kettle, a hot water tank, an oil foot salting-out tank, a vacuum drying tower and a dry oil temporary storage tank, the refining kettle is communicated with the hot water tank in a pipeline mode, the lower end of the refining kettle is communicated with the oil foot salting-out tank, the upper end of the refining kettle is communicated with the vacuum drying tower, the vacuum drying tower is communicated with the dry oil temporary storage tank, and the dry oil temporary storage tank is communicated with the decolorizing device; crude oil is added into the refining kettle to react and stand, then is separated by layers, the precipitated oil foot is pumped into the oil foot salting-out tank for storage, and the upper clear oil is transported to the vacuum drying tower, and the vacuum drying tower transports the dried clear oil to the dry oil temporary storage tank for storage.

8. The animal fat refining apparatus according to claim 7, characterized by The refining kettle comprises a reaction kettle, a crude oil feeding valve, a refining stirring structure, a phosphoric acid storage tank, a phosphoric acid quantitative valve, a heavy phase discharge valve, a soap box, a degumming heating pipe and a light phase discharge valve, the crude oil feeding valve is communicated with the top of the reaction kettle, the phosphoric acid storage tank is communicated with the reaction kettle through the phosphoric acid quantitative valve, the refining stirring structure is installed on the reaction kettle, the refining stirring structure comprises a stirring motor, a stirring rod and stirring blades, the stirring motor is installed on the top of the reaction kettle, the stirring blades are sequentially arranged on the stirring rod, the stirring motor drives the stirring rod to rotate, the degumming heating pipe is arranged around the inner wall of the reaction kettle, the steam distributor is communicated with the degumming heating pipe, the hot water tank is communicated with the reaction kettle, the lower end of the reaction kettle is in a funnel shape, the light phase discharge valve is installed on the lower side of the reaction kettle, the heavy phase discharge valve is installed on the lower end of the reaction kettle, and the soap box is connected with the funnel-shaped bottom.

9. The animal fat refining apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by The decolorizing device comprises a decolorizing mechanism, a filter, a turbid oil tank, a gas separation tank, a cake blowing condenser and a first fine filter, the decolorizing mechanism is communicated with the filter, the first fine filter is respectively communicated with the gas separation tank and the filter, the top of the gas separation tank is communicated with the water circulating device, the turbid oil tank and the steam distributor are respectively communicated with the filter, the cake blowing condenser is respectively communicated with the turbid oil tank and the water circulating device, the gas separation tank is communicated with the deodorizing and deacidifying device, the decolorizing mechanism transports the oil and fat after decolorizing to the filter, the decolorized clean oil is formed in the filter, enters the gas separation tank after passing through the first fine filter, the gas separation tank transports the oil to be deodorized and deacidified after gas separation to the deodorizing and deacidifying device, the filter transports the turbid oil generated by filtration to the turbid oil tank, and the steam distributor blows out impurities in the filter by inputting high-temperature steam.

10. An animal oil refining method applied to the animal oil refining apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: S1, hydration degumming: degumming and drying treatment are performed on the crude oil to be refined to form oil to be decolored; S2, decolorizing: the oil to be decolored is subjected to decolorizing treatment, filtration is performed to form decolorized clean oil, and the decolorized clean oil is subjected to gas separation treatment; S3, deodorizing and deacidifying: the oil to be deodorized and deacidified is subjected to deodorizing and deacidifying, and then filtration is performed to form finished oil for storage.

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