A method and system for deployment of a mobile communication network

Abstract

The application discloses a deployment method and system of a mobile communication network, and relates to the technical field of mobile communication network deployment. The method comprises the following steps: designing a network topology according to user demand; planning an optimal flight scheme of a UAV by a preset algorithm based on the designed network topology; the UAV carries an optical fiber and flies according to the optimal flight scheme, thereby completing the construction of the optical fiber link; and the optical fiber is recycled after the use of the optical fiber link. The method can improve the deployment efficiency while ensuring the communication reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of mobile communication network deployment technology, and in particular to a method and system for deploying a mobile communication network. Background Technology

[0002] Mobile communication is a highly integrated and rapidly deployable comprehensive communication platform that integrates multiple communication technologies, information systems, and carrier tools. It aims to quickly establish temporary and reliable communication networks in environments where fixed communication infrastructure is paralyzed or lacking. Currently, mobile communication systems generally integrate multiple methods, including wired and wireless communication, to improve rapid deployment capabilities and adaptability to complex environments. Wireless communication in mobile communication primarily utilizes vehicle-mounted portable satellites or microwave stations, rapidly establishing wireless links through methods such as raising and lowering antennas, offering advantages such as fast deployment speed and wide coverage. However, its inherent drawbacks are also significant: First, wireless communication bandwidth is limited and shared, easily leading to network congestion in multi-user, high-data-volume scenarios; second, wireless signals are susceptible to interference from terrain obstruction and complex electromagnetic environments, resulting in decreased communication quality or even interruption, making reliability difficult to guarantee; finally, wireless communication is vulnerable to detection, interception, and interference, resulting in low security.

[0003] In contrast, wired mobile communication methods, especially fiber optic communication, offer advantages such as extremely high transmission bandwidth, extremely low latency, stable and reliable signals, strong resistance to electromagnetic interference, and high confidentiality. However, wired mobile communication relies heavily on manual labor or ground vehicles for cable laying, which is extremely inefficient and may even be impossible to implement in complex terrains (such as valleys, rivers, and disaster ruins). The work cycle can take days or even weeks, and the workers face extremely high safety risks.

[0004] The invention patent with authorization announcement number CN114501378B proposes a special environment emergency communication method and system based on vehicle-road cooperation. The method provides emergency communication support for environments with limited cellular networks by using vehicles equipped with intelligent vehicle devices. However, this method relies on wireless communication and is easily affected by electromagnetic interference, and the vehicles have difficulty coping with harsh local environments. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on this, this application addresses the problem of the inability to simultaneously achieve communication reliability and deployment efficiency in existing mobile communication networks, and provides a deployment method and system for mobile communication networks that can improve deployment efficiency while ensuring communication reliability. The specific technical solution is as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, this application proposes a method for deploying a mobile communication network, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1: Design network topology based on user requirements;

[0008] S2: Based on the designed network topology, the optimal flight path of the UAV is planned using a preset algorithm;

[0009] S3: The drone carries optical fiber and flies according to the optimal flight plan to complete the construction of the optical fiber link;

[0010] S4: After the fiber optic link is no longer in use, the fiber optic cable is recycled.

[0011] Furthermore, the preset algorithm includes the TopoFly algorithm, the specific content of which is as follows:

[0012] First, a collection of sites based on network topology. With fiber link candidate set Constructing multiple network topology candidate schemes ,in Indicates the first Each site, and selects its set of fiber links for each network topology. ;

[0013] Secondly, the optimal network topology scheme is selected based on the criterion of minimizing the number of drone sorties and choosing the shortest path distance, expressed as:

[0014]

[0015] in, This indicates the number of links that need to be laid, which is equivalent to the minimum number of drone flights required to perform the wiring task. Indicates fiber optic link The flight distance; the goal of this expression is to first find the flight distance among all network topology candidate schemes. Find the smallest solution set, and then select from within that solution set. The minimum solution;

[0016] The expression for the feasibility constraint:

[0017]

[0018] in, This refers to the maximum length of fiber optic cable that can be laid in a single operation. As a risk indicator, Indicates the maximum risk threshold;

[0019] When there are necessary fiber optic links in the candidate network topology schemes that do not meet the constraints, a minimum repeater segmentation mechanism is used: a set of repeater points is generated in a safe landing area. , Indicates the first By selecting the minimum number of relay points, the necessary fiber optic links that do not meet the constraints are decomposed into multiple fiber optic links that do meet the constraints, thus minimizing the number of new fiber optic links and keeping the total number of UAV sorties to a minimum; for fiber optic links that do not meet the constraints... , Represents the starting point of the fiber optic link. The minimum number of repeaters required to represent the endpoint of a fiber optic link. The solution model is as follows:

[0020]

[0021]

[0022] And it needs to simultaneously meet the risk indicator constraints of the decomposed multi-segment fiber optic links: ;

[0023] The TopoFly algorithm ultimately outputs the set of network links with the fewest drone sorties and guarantees the shortest flight distance, thus obtaining the optimal flight plan for the drone.

[0024] Furthermore, the specific details of the UAV carrying optical fiber are as follows: the optical fiber is stored in an optical fiber container, which is mounted below the UAV and releases the optical fiber during flight. The optical fiber container includes a container body, a cable reel, and quick-release upper and lower cable exit ports located at the upper and lower ends of the container body, respectively. The container body is used to store the optical fiber, the upper cable exit port is used to establish a connection between one end of the optical fiber and the UAV, and the lower cable exit port is connected to a long conduit. The length of the long conduit exceeds the length of the UAV fuselage and the cable exit end of the long conduit is located outside the projection range of the UAV's propeller. The inner wall of the long conduit has a low-friction bushing or a roller guide structure.

[0025] Furthermore, the UAV includes a high-precision navigation module, a flight control module, and a quick-release mechanical interface. The flight control module is used to control the flight of the UAV according to the optimal flight plan. The high-precision navigation module is used to provide the UAV with centimeter-level or decimeter-level positioning and attitude information. The quick-release mechanical interface is used to dock with the fiber optic container.

[0026] Furthermore, the optical fiber is recovered by a cable recovery device, which includes a variable frequency motor, a rotating shaft, a tension sensor, and a control system. The control system employs a preset control algorithm. The rotating shaft is used to wind up the optical fiber, and the tension sensor is used to monitor the tension value of the optical fiber in real time and compare it with a preset threshold. The torque of the variable frequency motor is adjusted to completely recover the optical fiber. The preset control algorithm includes a proportional-integral-derivative control algorithm.

[0027] Secondly, this application proposes a deployment system for a mobile communication network, including network networking design and route planning equipment, control and switching terminal units, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), fiber optic bins, and cable recycling devices.

[0028] The network topology design and route planning equipment is used to design and plan the optimal flight scheme of the UAV according to user needs.

[0029] The control and switching terminal unit serves as the entry and exit point of the optical fiber link and is deployed at the transmitting and receiving stations to realize the photoelectric signal conversion, network data exchange, and dynamic monitoring of the health status of the optical fiber link.

[0030] The drone is used to carry fiber optic buckets and fly along the optimal flight path to lay fiber optic cables.

[0031] The fiber optic bucket is used to store optical fibers and to release the optical fibers during the flight of the UAV.

[0032] The cable recycling device is used to recycle the optical fibers that have already been laid.

[0033] Furthermore, the network topology design and route planning equipment includes a 3D map and meteorological database, a network design module, a flight planning module, and a parameter distribution module. The network design module is used to determine the link connection relationship of different stations according to user needs and complete the network topology design. The optimal flight plan of the UAV is planned by the flight planning module based on the 3D map and meteorological database using a preset path planning algorithm, and the planning result is sent to the flight control module of the UAV through the parameter distribution module.

[0034] The preset algorithm includes the TopoFly algorithm, the specific content of which is as follows:

[0035] First, a collection of sites based on network topology. With fiber link candidate set Constructing multiple network topology candidate schemes ,in Indicates the first Each site, and selects its set of fiber links for each network topology. ;

[0036] Secondly, the optimal network topology scheme is selected based on the criterion of minimizing the number of drone sorties and choosing the shortest path distance, expressed as:

[0037]

[0038] in, This indicates the number of links that need to be laid, which is equivalent to the minimum number of drone flights required to perform the wiring task. Indicates fiber optic link The flight distance; the goal of this expression is to first find the flight distance among all network topology candidate schemes. Find the smallest solution set, and then select from within that solution set. The minimum solution;

[0039] The expression for the feasibility constraint:

[0040]

[0041] in, This refers to the maximum length of fiber optic cable that can be laid in a single operation. As a risk indicator, Indicates the maximum risk threshold;

[0042] When there are necessary fiber optic links in the candidate network topology schemes that do not meet the constraints, a minimum repeater segmentation mechanism is used: a set of repeater points is generated in a safe landing area. , Indicates the first By selecting the minimum number of relay points, the necessary fiber optic links that do not meet the constraints are decomposed into multiple fiber optic links that do meet the constraints, thus minimizing the number of new fiber optic links and keeping the total number of UAV sorties to a minimum; for fiber optic links that do not meet the constraints... , Represents the starting point of the fiber optic link. The minimum number of repeaters required to represent the endpoint of a fiber optic link. The solution model is as follows:

[0043]

[0044]

[0045] And it needs to simultaneously meet the risk indicator constraints of the decomposed multi-segment fiber optic links: ;

[0046] The TopoFly algorithm ultimately outputs the set of network links with the fewest drone sorties and guarantees the shortest flight distance, thus obtaining the optimal flight plan for the drone.

[0047] Furthermore, the control and switching terminal unit includes a Class A control and switching terminal unit and a Class B control and switching terminal unit. The Class A control and switching terminal unit includes a photoelectric conversion module, a network switching module, and a dynamic optical attenuation monitoring module, which are deployed at the transmitting end site and undertake transmission and monitoring functions. The photoelectric conversion module is used for converting optical signals to electrical signals, the network switching module is used for connecting user equipment, and the dynamic optical attenuation monitoring module is used for dynamically monitoring the health status of the optical fiber link. The Class B control and switching terminal unit includes a photoelectric conversion module and a network switching module, which are deployed at the receiving end site and undertake receiving functions.

[0048] Furthermore, the UAV includes a high-precision navigation module, a flight control module, and a quick-release mechanical interface. The flight control module receives the planning results and performs flight control of the UAV. The high-precision navigation module provides centimeter-level or decimeter-level positioning and attitude information for the UAV. The quick-release mechanical interface is used to interface with the fiber optic container. The UAV type includes a multi-rotor UAV, which includes an airframe structure, a power system, a power module, and landing gear.

[0049] Furthermore, the fiber optic container includes a container body, a cable reel, and quick-release upper and lower cable exit ports located at the upper and lower ends of the container body, respectively. The container body is used to store the optical fiber. The upper cable exit port is used to establish a connection between one end of the optical fiber and the UAV. The lower cable exit port connects to a long conduit. The length of the long conduit exceeds the fuselage and its exit end is located outside the projection range of the UAV's propeller. The inner wall of the long conduit has a low-friction bushing or roller guide structure. The other end of the optical fiber connects to a Class A control and switching terminal unit from the exit end of the long conduit.

[0050] Furthermore, the cable recovery device includes a variable frequency motor, a rotating shaft, a tension sensor, and a control system. The control system employs a preset control algorithm. The rotating shaft is used to wind up the optical fiber, and the tension sensor is used to monitor the tension value of the optical fiber in real time and compare it with a preset threshold. The torque of the variable frequency motor is adjusted to completely recover the optical fiber. The preset control algorithm includes a proportional-integral-derivative control algorithm.

[0051] Beneficial effects: This application proposes a method and system for deploying a mobile communication network. Based on the TopoFly algorithm, it deploys the fiber optic communication network using drones, which greatly improves deployment efficiency while ensuring reliability and can play a significant role in appropriate communication environments. Attached Figure Description

[0052] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for deploying a mobile communication network according to an embodiment of this application;

[0053] Figure 2This is an application scenario diagram of a deployment method for a mobile communication network according to an embodiment of this application;

[0054] Figure 3 This is a system architecture diagram of a mobile communication network deployment according to an embodiment of this application;

[0055] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the deployment system of a mobile communication network according to an embodiment of this application.

[0056] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating the workflow of automatic wiring by drones to achieve networking in the embodiments of this application;

[0057] Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating the cable recycling process in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0058] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0059] Example 1

[0060] This embodiment provides a method for deploying a mobile communication network, the flowchart of which is shown below. Figure 1 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0061] S1: Design network topology based on user requirements;

[0062] S2: Based on the designed network topology, the optimal flight path of the UAV is planned using a preset algorithm;

[0063] It should be noted that the preset algorithm includes the TopoFly algorithm, the specific content of which is as follows:

[0064] First, a collection of sites based on network topology. With fiber link candidate set (Selected from factors such as obstacles in 3D maps and meteorological data) Construct multiple candidate network topologies ,in Indicates the first Each site, and selects its set of fiber links for each network topology. ;

[0065] Secondly, the optimal network topology scheme is selected based on the criterion of minimizing the number of drone sorties and choosing the shortest path distance, expressed as:

[0066]

[0067] in, This indicates the number of links that need to be laid, which is equivalent to the minimum number of drone flights required to perform the wiring task. Indicates fiber optic link The flight distance; the goal of this expression is to first find the flight distance among all network topology candidate schemes. Find the smallest solution set, and then select from within that solution set. The minimum solution ensures that "flights are not diluted by distance weights" and adapts to differences in "number of links - coverage capability" in star, mesh, chain, or hybrid topologies.

[0068] The expression for the feasibility constraint:

[0069]

[0070] in, This refers to the maximum length of fiber optic cable that can be laid in a single operation. As a risk indicator, This represents the maximum risk threshold, with "layable length per unit" as the core constraint to ensure the calculated value is accurate. It is executable.

[0071] When there are necessary fiber optic links in the candidate network topology schemes that do not meet the constraints, a minimum repeater segmentation mechanism is used: a set of repeater points is generated in a safe landing area. , Indicates the first By selecting the minimum number of relay points, the necessary fiber optic links that do not meet the constraints are decomposed into multiple fiber optic links that do meet the constraints, thus minimizing the number of new fiber optic links and keeping the total number of UAV sorties to a minimum; for fiber optic links that do not meet the constraints... , Represents the starting point of the fiber optic link. The minimum number of repeaters required to represent the endpoint of a fiber optic link. The solution model is as follows:

[0072]

[0073]

[0074] And it needs to simultaneously meet the risk indicator constraints of the decomposed multi-segment fiber optic links: ;

[0075] The TopoFly algorithm ultimately outputs the set of network links with the fewest drone flights and guarantees the shortest flight distance, thus obtaining the optimal flight plan for the drone, which includes the drone's flight altitude and speed.

[0076] S3: The drone carries optical fiber and flies according to the optimal flight plan to complete the construction of the optical fiber link;

[0077] It should be noted that the optical fiber is stored in an optical fiber canister, which is mounted below the drone and releases the optical fiber during drone flight. The optical fiber canister includes a canister body, a cable spool, and quick-release upper and lower cable exit ports located at the upper and lower ends of the canister body, respectively. The canister body is used to store the optical fiber, the upper cable exit port is used to establish a connection between one end of the optical fiber and the drone, and the lower cable exit port is connected to a long conduit. The length of the long conduit exceeds the length of the drone's fuselage and the cable exit end of the long conduit is located outside the projection range of the drone's propeller. The inner wall of the long conduit has a low-friction bushing or a roller guide structure.

[0078] The drone includes a high-precision navigation module, a flight control module, and a quick-release mechanical interface. The flight control module is used to control the drone's flight according to the optimal flight plan. The high-precision navigation module is used to provide the drone with centimeter-level or decimeter-level positioning and attitude information. The quick-release mechanical interface is used to dock with the fiber optic container.

[0079] S4: After the fiber optic link is no longer in use, the fiber optic cable is recycled.

[0080] It should be noted that the fiber optic cable is recovered by a cable recovery device, which includes a variable frequency motor, a rotating shaft, a tension sensor, and a control system. The control system uses a preset control algorithm, the rotating shaft is used to wind up the fiber optic cable, the tension sensor is used to monitor the tension value of the fiber optic cable in real time and compare it with a preset threshold, and the torque is adjusted by the variable frequency motor to completely recover the fiber optic cable.

[0081] This method can rapidly establish a temporary and reliable communication network in environments where fixed communication infrastructure is paralyzed or lacking. It is generally applied in specific scenarios such as emergency rescue, disaster relief, national defense and civil air defense, major event support, and field exploration. It features high mobility and rapid deployment, strong environmental adaptability, comprehensive service support, and high resilience and reliability. An application scenario diagram is shown below. Figure 2 As shown.

[0082] Example 2

[0083] This application provides a deployment system for a mobile communication network, the system architecture diagram of which is shown below. Figure 3 As shown, it includes network topology design and routing equipment, control and switching terminal units, drones, fiber optic bins, and cable recycling devices;

[0084] The network topology design and route planning equipment is used to design and plan the optimal flight scheme of the UAV according to user needs.

[0085] It should be noted that the network topology design and route planning equipment includes a 3D map and meteorological database, a network design module, a flight planning module, and a parameter distribution module. The network design module is used to determine the link connection relationships between different sites according to user needs, complete the network topology design, and realize multi-site, distributed, autonomous collaborative networking. The optimal flight plan for the UAV is planned by the flight planning module based on the 3D map and meteorological database using a preset algorithm, and the planning results are sent to the UAV's flight control module through the parameter distribution module. The preset algorithm includes the TopoFly algorithm.

[0086] The specific details of the TopoFly algorithm are as follows:

[0087] First, a collection of sites based on network topology. With fiber link candidate set (Selected from factors such as obstacles in 3D maps and meteorological data) Construct multiple candidate network topologies ,in Indicates the first Each site, and selects its set of fiber links for each network topology. ;

[0088] Secondly, the optimal network topology scheme is selected based on the criterion of minimizing the number of drone sorties and choosing the shortest path distance, expressed as:

[0089]

[0090] in, This indicates the number of links that need to be laid, which is equivalent to the minimum number of drone flights required to perform the wiring task. Indicates fiber optic link The flight distance; the goal of this expression is to first find the flight distance among all network topology candidate schemes. Find the smallest solution set, and then select from within that solution set. The minimum solution ensures that "flights are not diluted by distance weights" and adapts to differences in "number of links - coverage capability" in star, mesh, chain, or hybrid topologies.

[0091] The expression for the feasibility constraint:

[0092]

[0093] in, This refers to the maximum length of fiber optic cable that can be laid in a single operation. As a risk indicator, This represents the maximum risk threshold, with "layable length per unit" as the core constraint to ensure the calculated value is accurate. It is executable.

[0094] When there are necessary fiber optic links in the candidate network topology schemes that do not meet the constraints, a minimum repeater segmentation mechanism is used: a set of repeater points is generated in a safe landing area. , Indicates the first By selecting the minimum number of relay points, the necessary fiber optic links that do not meet the constraints are decomposed into multiple fiber optic links that do meet the constraints, thus minimizing the number of new fiber optic links and keeping the total number of UAV sorties to a minimum; for fiber optic links that do not meet the constraints... , Represents the starting point of the fiber optic link. The minimum number of repeaters required to represent the endpoint of a fiber optic link. The solution model is as follows:

[0095]

[0096]

[0097] And it needs to simultaneously meet the risk indicator constraints of the decomposed multi-segment fiber optic links: ;

[0098] The TopoFly algorithm ultimately outputs the set of network links with the fewest drone flights and guarantees the shortest flight distance, thus obtaining the optimal flight plan for the drone, which includes the drone's flight altitude and speed.

[0099] In one specific embodiment, a ruggedized portable computer platform is used on the hardware, which is equipped with a high-performance processor and graphics processing unit (GPU) and runs dedicated software. The flight planning module preferably uses the TopoFly algorithm, but can also use other mature 3D path planning algorithms, such as the A* algorithm, Dijkstra's algorithm, RRT*, genetic algorithm, ant colony algorithm, and deep reinforcement learning-based path planning algorithm. Combined with a 3D map and meteorological database, it dynamically calculates the UAV's flight path to ensure the optimal balance between energy consumption, distance, and safety. The network design module, based on user needs, utilizes existing routing / topology optimization algorithms to enable each station to autonomously determine link connections by exchanging topology information. The flight planning module packages the planning results into task commands containing parameters such as waypoints, altitude, and speed, and transmits the planning results to each UAV control module through the parameter distribution module, thereby achieving multi-site collaborative networking and overcoming the single point of failure and latency problems caused by traditional centralized control.

[0100] The control and switching terminal unit serves as the entry and exit point of the optical fiber link and is deployed at the transmitting and receiving stations to realize the photoelectric signal conversion, network data exchange, and dynamic monitoring of the health status of the optical fiber link.

[0101] It should be noted that the control and switching terminal unit includes Class A and Class B control and switching terminal units. The Class A control and switching terminal unit includes a photoelectric conversion module, a network switching module, and a dynamic optical attenuation monitoring module, deployed at the transmitting site, undertaking transmission and monitoring functions. The photoelectric conversion module is used for converting optical signals to electrical signals, the network switching module is used to connect user equipment to realize data routing and switching, and the dynamic optical attenuation monitoring module is used to dynamically monitor the health status of the optical fiber link. The Class B control and switching terminal unit includes a photoelectric conversion module and a network switching module, deployed at the receiving site, undertaking the receiving function. Through modular functional design, flexible network access points are provided for mobile optical fiber networks, and the effect of real-time monitoring and fault location of optical fiber link health status is achieved.

[0102] In one specific embodiment, the control and switching terminal unit can adopt an integrated chassis structure, internally housing an industrial Ethernet switch motherboard, several optical module interfaces (such as SFP small pluggable slots), a power module, and a monitoring and control unit. The photoelectric conversion module can consist of a standard optical transceiver module and its driving circuit, realizing signal conversion between single-mode or multi-mode optical fiber and electrical ports; the network switching module can provide multi-electrical port and multi-optical port Layer 2 or Layer 3 switching capabilities, supporting VLAN segmentation, QoS control, and other network management functions to meet the needs of different service priorities and multi-site networking. For Class A control and switching terminal units, the optical attenuation dynamic monitoring module includes an optical power detection circuit and a data acquisition unit connected in series with the optical fiber link. By periodically reading the incident optical power and return loss of each optical path, it determines whether there is abnormal attenuation or interruption in the link, and uploads alarm information to the upper-level command platform through a local display screen, status indicator lights, or network management interface (such as SNMP, Simple Network Management Protocol), thereby realizing real-time monitoring of link status and rapid fault response. Both Class A and Class B control and switching terminal units can be pre-set with a unified communication protocol and address allocation strategy, enabling rapid link establishment and service activation between any two sites via access fiber optic cables. Through the combination of the aforementioned hardware structure and monitoring mechanisms, the control and switching terminal unit not only provides access capabilities at the physical layer and data link layer, but also enables visualized management of the operational status of mobile fiber optic links, making it an indispensable node device for the implementation of this invention's system.

[0103] The drone is used to carry fiber optic buckets and fly along the optimal flight path to lay fiber optic cables.

[0104] It should be noted that the UAV includes a high-precision navigation module, a flight control module, and a quick-release mechanical interface. The flight control module receives the planning results and controls the UAV's flight (supporting wired and wireless network transmission). The high-precision navigation module provides the UAV with centimeter-level or decimeter-level positioning and attitude information. The quick-release mechanical interface is used to interface with the fiber optic cable. The UAV type includes a multi-rotor UAV, which includes an airframe, power system, power module, and landing gear. It possesses vertical takeoff and landing capabilities, predetermined trajectory tracking capabilities, and sufficient payload and endurance, achieving stable and reliable execution of automated cabling tasks in various complex terrain environments.

[0105] In one specific embodiment, the type of UAV can be a fixed-wing UAV or a compound-wing UAV with vertical takeoff and landing capabilities, in addition to multi-rotor UAVs. The high-precision navigation module can consist of a GNSS receiver, RTK-GPS (Real-time Dynamic Differential Global Positioning System), an inertial measurement unit (IMU), and a barometric altimeter, providing centimeter-level or decimeter-level positioning and attitude information. The flight control module includes a flight control processor, actuator drive circuits, and wired / wireless communication interfaces. On one hand, it receives mission commands from network design and route planning equipment, automatically completing takeoff, trajectory tracking, speed and altitude control, and landing; on the other hand, it maintains telemetry and emergency control with the ground station via a wireless data transmission link (such as a dedicated data radio). If necessary, wired network flight control communication backup can be achieved by mounting fiber optic cables. The quick-release mechanical interface can adopt an electromagnetic locking and spring-loaded pin structure to achieve second-level loading and unloading of the fiber optic cable bundle, and maintains real-time status feedback with the ground terminal via a data link, thereby ensuring the reliability and efficiency of cabling in complex environments.

[0106] The fiber optic bucket is used to store optical fibers and to release the optical fibers during the flight of the UAV.

[0107] It should be noted that the fiber optic container includes a container body (accommodating compartment), a cable reel, and quick-release upper and lower cable exit ports located at the top and bottom of the container body, respectively. The container body stores the optical fiber. The upper cable exit port establishes a connection between one end of the optical fiber and the UAV. The lower cable exit port connects to a long conduit. The length of the long conduit exceeds the fuselage, and the cable exit end of the long conduit is located outside the projection range of the UAV's propeller. The inner wall of the long conduit has a low-friction bushing or roller guide structure to reduce the impact of high-speed cable release friction and overheating, maintain the stability of the cable exit direction under UAV attitude changes or crosswind conditions, and prevent the cable from twisting or tangling. The other end of the optical fiber connects to the Class A control and switching terminal unit from the cable exit end of the long conduit. The container body uses a mechanical quick-release structure to connect with the UAV, achieving rapid loading and unloading of the cable, ensuring that the cable does not tangle or jam during high-speed release, and adapting to changes in the UAV's flight attitude.

[0108] In one specific embodiment, the fiber optic canister is a lightweight fiber optic canister, primarily used to safely store cables and ensure passive, tangle-free cable release in response to flight pull during UAV flight. The canister itself contains the "high-strength, lightweight" cables, offering corrosion resistance, crush resistance, and wave erosion resistance. The canister can be flat cylindrical, cylindrical, box-shaped, or other structures with similar low center of gravity and good aerodynamic characteristics, as long as it can accommodate the cable reel and meet the passive cable release requirements. Internally, a cable reel supported by bearings is installed, with the cable wound axially in multiple precision layers on the reel. The cable reel rotates passively with low resistance thanks to the bearing support. A guide sleeve or guide pulley inside the lower cable outlet dynamically adjusts the cable exit angle according to the direction of pull, preventing cable kinking or tangling during UAV maneuvers. High-strength, lightweight cables can utilize a composite structure of multi-core optical fiber and Kevlar reinforcement, covered with a wear-resistant and waterproof sheath to meet environmental adaptability requirements such as tensile strength, compressive strength, and corrosion resistance, thereby ensuring the safety and reliability of the cable during high-speed release. Through the combination of the above mechanical and cable structures, the fiber optic drum not only provides cable storage and transportation functions but also constitutes a controllable and stable passive cable release mechanism in flight, effectively preventing the risk of cable breakage due to excessive twisting or friction, or entanglement by UAV propellers.

[0109] The cable recycling device is used to recycle the optical fibers that have already been laid.

[0110] It should be noted that the cable recovery device includes a variable frequency motor, a rotating shaft, a tension sensor, and a control system. The control system employs a preset control algorithm. The rotating shaft is used to wind up the optical fiber, and the tension sensor is used to collect the tension value of the optical fiber in real time and compare it with a preset threshold. The torque of the variable frequency motor is adjusted to automatically stop or reduce the tension when recovery encounters resistance, effectively preventing the cable from being forcibly broken and ensuring the complete recovery of the equipment. The preset control algorithm includes a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control algorithm.

[0111] In one specific embodiment, the drive unit, in addition to a variable frequency asynchronous motor, can employ a servo motor, a brushless DC motor, or a hydraulic motor, as long as adjustable torque and speed can be achieved under the control system's commands. The control algorithm can be based on PID control, employing other closed-loop control algorithms such as fuzzy control and adaptive control. When the tension exceeds the limit, the control system outputs torque through the motor to achieve a "damped recovery" mode, i.e., automatically reducing speed or pausing cable reeling. The shaft surface is covered with a high-friction coefficient rubber layer to prevent cable slippage, and the reeling length is recorded by an encoder, achieving fully controllable recovery, thereby ensuring the integrity and reusability of the cable in complex terrain. The entire cable recovery device can be designed as a portable box structure, with a power interface, control panel, and status indicator lights on the outside of the box, facilitating rapid deployment and retrieval at different ground stations. In some application scenarios, fiber optic cables can be replaced with other wired media (such as special network cables or composite optical cables) with similar mechanical characteristics and transmission capabilities, as long as broadband, low latency, and anti-interference wired communication capabilities are still achieved.

[0112] Example 3

[0113] This embodiment describes the workflow of a deployment system for a mobile communication network proposed in this application. The overall workflow diagram is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, in order to further explain the deployment system of a mobile communication network proposed in this application.

[0114] Phase 1: Network Design and Route Planning

[0115] The network topology and network topology required for communication are determined by the network design and route planning equipment. Based on the user's communication network requirements, the network design module generates the link relationship between each station, and the route planning module calculates the optimal flight plan for the UAV to fly to the target station based on the 3D map and meteorological database. The planning results are packaged into a task command containing parameters such as waypoint, altitude, and speed, and transmitted to the flight control module of each UAV through the parameter distribution module.

[0116] In a specific embodiment, the network topology design and route planning equipment (A) is initiated at site A. If a multi-site network is involved, sites A, B, and C determine the network topology through autonomous negotiation. For example, site A deploys the A-B link, and site C deploys the C-B link. Taking the A-B link as an example, based on the geographical locations of sites A and B, as well as task requirements and environmental constraints, the route planning module automatically plans the optimal flight path from A to B (e.g., optimal energy consumption, distance, wind resistance, etc.), and sends the plan to the flight control module of the corresponding UAV through the parameter distribution module, preparing for subsequent automatic cabling.

[0117] Phase 2: Drone Preparation and Wiring

[0118] The drone takes off from the transmitting site, carrying a passively released fiber optic cable holder via a quick-release mechanical interface. Before takeoff, one end of the fiber optic cable extends from the top outlet of the fiber optic cable holder and connects to the interface on the drone's side, while the other end connects to the Class A control and switching terminal unit at the transmitting site via the bottom outlet of the fiber optic cable holder. During flight, the forward pull of the drone acts on the cable, causing the spool inside the fiber optic cable holder to passively rotate under the support of bearings. The cable unwinds from the side of the spool and is continuously released under controlled tension through the bottom outlet and guide components, traversing complex terrain such as valleys and streams until the drone lands at the receiving end.

[0119] In one specific embodiment, the optical attenuation dynamic monitoring module in the Class A control and switching terminal unit monitors the optical power changes of the corresponding optical fiber link in real time to determine whether the optical fiber laying process is normal. If an abnormality occurs, measures can be taken in a timely manner.

[0120] Phase 3: Link Establishment and Network Deployment

[0121] After the drone lands at the receiving end and connects its fiber optic cable to the Class B control and switching terminal unit of that site, both ends of the fiber optic cable are now connected to the control and switching terminal units of two different sites. This completes the network setup based on drone-based automatic cabling. The flowchart is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, the photoelectric conversion module inside the terminal converts optical signals to Ethernet electrical signals and vice versa, while the network switching module performs address learning and data forwarding, thereby establishing a high-bandwidth, low-latency physical link between the two sites. During communication, the optical attenuation dynamic monitoring module in the Class A control and switching terminal unit at the transmitting end monitors the link status in real time by detecting changes in link optical power and return loss. When an optical attenuation anomaly or link interruption is detected, it can immediately send alarm information to the superior command platform or local operation interface.

[0122] In one specific embodiment, taking the A-B link as an example, the drone arrives at site B, the fiber optic cable is removed from the drone, and inserted into the Class B control and switching terminal unit of that site. If site B needs to continue controlling the drone to establish connections with other sites, it can deploy a Class A control and switching terminal unit and repeat the above process to expand the network.

[0123] Phase 4: Put into use

[0124] After the physical link is established, the stations communicate with each other through control and switching terminal units.

[0125] In a specific embodiment, taking the A-B link as an example, once the physical link between site A and site B is established, sites A and B begin high-bandwidth, low-latency fiber optic communication through their respective control and switching terminal units. The network switching module provides forwarding services for voice, video, data, and other services according to preset address and routing policies. If the A-B link is damaged by a vehicle or external force, causing fiber optic cable damage, the Class A control and switching terminal unit can quickly detect the optical attenuation anomaly and immediately push an alarm, reporting the physical location in real time.

[0126] Phase 5: Mission Completion and Cable Retrieval

[0127] After the task is completed, the cable recovery device connects to the ground-based optical fiber. Tension sensors in the device measure the fiber tension in real time. The control system adjusts the output torque and speed of the variable frequency motor based on the tension feedback signal, driving the shaft and take-up drum in constant or limited tension modes to achieve a "damped recovery" mechanism. This ensures the orderly recovery of the optical fiber without overstretching it. When encountering jamming or tangling that causes the tension to exceed a preset threshold, the control system automatically reduces the speed or stops the take-up. The flowchart for cable recovery is shown below. Figure 6 As shown.

[0128] In a specific embodiment, taking the A-B link as an example, after the communication task is completed, the connection of the optical fiber on the B side is disconnected, the cable recycling device is deployed at the A site, and the optical fiber of the A site is connected.

[0129] Initiating the retrieval operation involves a variable frequency motor driving the shaft to begin retrieving the cable at a preset constant torque until all optical fibers are retrieved. If an optical fiber gets caught on a tree branch, causing the tension to exceed a threshold, the retrieval operation stops (damped retrieval) to prevent the cable from being forcibly broken.

[0130] The above workflow realizes the closed-loop working principle of "planning-cabling-monitoring-recycling", forming a mobile fiber optic communication system that is automatically deployed, monitored in real time, and safely recycled.

[0131] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make other variations or modifications based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively describe all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method of deploying a motorized communication network, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Design network topology based on user requirements; S2: Based on the designed network topology, the optimal flight path of the UAV is planned using a preset algorithm; S3: The drone carries optical fiber and flies according to the optimal flight plan to complete the construction of the optical fiber link; S4: After the fiber optic link is no longer in use, the fiber optic cable is recycled. The preset algorithm includes the TopoFly algorithm, the specific content of which is as follows: First, a collection of sites based on network topology. With fiber link candidate set Constructing multiple network topology candidate schemes And select the set of fiber links for each network topology. ,in Indicates the first The candidate set of fiber optic links for each site Obstacles were selected from 3D map data and meteorological data; Secondly, the optimal network topology scheme is selected based on the criterion of minimizing the number of drone sorties and choosing the shortest path distance, expressed as: in, This indicates the number of links that need to be laid, which is equivalent to the minimum number of drone flights required to perform the wiring task. Indicates fiber optic link Flight distance; the goal of this expression is to first find the network topology candidate scheme among all network topology candidates. Find the smallest solution set, and then select from within that solution set. The minimum solution; The expression for the feasibility constraint: wherein, is the maximum length of the fiber carried at a time, is a risk indicator, represents a maximum risk threshold value; When there are necessary fiber optic links in the candidate network topology schemes that do not meet the constraints, a minimum repeater segmentation mechanism is used: a set of repeater points is generated in a safe landing area. , Indicates the first By selecting the minimum number of relay points, the necessary fiber optic links that do not meet the constraints are decomposed into multiple fiber optic links that do meet the constraints, thus minimizing the number of new fiber optic links and keeping the total number of UAV sorties to a minimum; for fiber optic links that do not meet the constraints... , Represents the starting point of the fiber optic link. The minimum number of repeaters required to represent the endpoint of a fiber optic link. The solution model is as follows: and the risk indicator constraints of the decomposed multi-section fiber link are simultaneously satisfied: ; The TopoFly algorithm ultimately outputs the set of network links with the fewest drone sorties and guarantees the shortest flight distance, thus obtaining the optimal flight plan for the drone.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The specific details regarding the optical fiber carried by the drone are as follows: The optical fiber is stored in an optical fiber barrel, which is mounted below the drone and releases the optical fiber during drone flight. The optical fiber barrel includes a barrel body, a cable spool, and quick-release upper and lower cable exit ports located at the upper and lower ends of the barrel body, respectively. The barrel body is used to store the optical fiber, the upper cable exit port is used to establish a connection between one end of the optical fiber and the drone, and the lower cable exit port is connected to a long conduit. The length of the long conduit exceeds the length of the drone's fuselage and the cable exit end of the long conduit is located outside the projection range of the drone's propeller. The inner wall of the long conduit has a low-friction bushing or a roller guide structure.

3. A method of deploying a motorized communication network according to claim 2, wherein, The drone includes a high-precision navigation module, a flight control module, and a quick-release mechanical interface. The flight control module is used to control the drone's flight according to the optimal flight plan. The high-precision navigation module is used to provide the drone with centimeter-level or decimeter-level positioning and attitude information. The quick-release mechanical interface is used to dock with the fiber optic container.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein, The fiber optic cable is recovered by a cable recovery device, which includes a variable frequency motor, a rotating shaft, a tension sensor, and a control system. The control system uses a preset control algorithm. The rotating shaft is used to wind up the fiber optic cable. The tension sensor is used to monitor the tension value of the fiber optic cable in real time and compare it with a preset threshold. The torque is adjusted by the variable frequency motor to completely recover the fiber optic cable.

5. A method of deploying a motor communication network according to claim 4, wherein, The preset control algorithm includes a proportional-integral-derivative control algorithm.

6. A deployment system for a mobile communication network, characterized in that This includes network topology design and routing equipment, control and switching terminal units, drones, fiber optic bins, and cable recycling devices. The network topology design and route planning equipment is used to design and plan the optimal flight scheme of the UAV according to user needs. The control and switching terminal unit serves as the entry and exit point of the optical fiber link, and is deployed at the transmitting and receiving sites to realize the photoelectric signal conversion, network data exchange, and dynamic monitoring of the health status of the optical fiber link. The drone is used to carry fiber optic buckets and fly according to the optimal flight plan to lay fiber optic cables. The fiber optic bucket is used to store optical fibers and to release the optical fibers during the flight of the UAV. The cable recycling device is used to recycle the optical fibers that have already been laid; The network topology design and route planning equipment includes a 3D map and meteorological database, a network design module, a flight planning module, and a parameter distribution module. The network design module is used to determine the link connection relationship of different stations according to user needs and complete the network topology design. The optimal flight plan of the UAV is planned by the flight planning module based on the 3D map and meteorological database using the TopoFly algorithm, and the planning result is sent to the flight control module of the UAV through the parameter distribution module. The specific details of the TopoFly algorithm are as follows: First a set of sites based on network topology with a set of fiber link candidates Constructing a plurality of network topology candidate solutions wherein denotes the site, wherein for each network topology its set of fiber links is chosen ; Secondly, the optimal network topology scheme is selected based on the criterion of minimizing the number of drone sorties and choosing the shortest path distance, expressed as: in, This indicates the number of links that need to be laid, which is equivalent to the minimum number of drone flights required to perform the wiring task. Indicates fiber optic link The flight distance; the goal of this expression is to first find the flight distance among all network topology candidate schemes. Find the smallest solution set, and then select from within that solution set. The minimum solution; The expression for the feasibility constraint: wherein, is the maximum length of the fiber carried at a time, is the risk indicator, denotes the maximum risk threshold value; When there are necessary fiber optic links in the candidate network topology schemes that do not meet the constraints, a minimum repeater segmentation mechanism is used: a set of repeater points is generated in a safe landing area. , Indicates the first By selecting the minimum number of relay points, the necessary fiber optic links that do not meet the constraints are decomposed into multiple fiber optic links that do meet the constraints, thus minimizing the number of new fiber optic links and keeping the total number of UAV sorties to a minimum; for fiber optic links that do not meet the constraints... , Represents the starting point of the fiber optic link. The minimum number of repeaters required to represent the endpoint of a fiber optic link. The solution model is as follows: And it needs to simultaneously meet the risk indicator constraints of the decomposed multi-segment fiber optic links: ; The TopoFly algorithm ultimately outputs the set of network links with the fewest drone sorties and guarantees the shortest flight distance, thus obtaining the optimal flight plan for the drone.

7. A system for deployment of a motorized communication network according to claim 6, characterized in that, The control and switching terminal unit includes Class A control and switching terminal units and Class B control and switching terminal units. The Class A control and switching terminal unit includes an optoelectronic conversion module, a network switching module, and an optical attenuation dynamic monitoring module, and is deployed at the transmitting end site. The optoelectronic conversion module is used for converting optical signals to electrical signals, the network switching module is used for connecting user equipment, and the optical attenuation dynamic monitoring module is used for dynamically monitoring the health status of the optical fiber link. The Class B control and switching terminal unit includes an optoelectronic conversion module and a network switching module, and is deployed at the receiving end site.

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