Space greening system with audio-visual coupling noise reduction effect

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of greening wall structures, and discloses a space greening system with an audio-visual coupling noise reduction effect, the space greening system is provided with a first cavity, and the first cavity is filled with water, so that on one hand, the water is used for sound insulation and noise reduction; on the other hand, the water in the first cavity is conveyed to the planting box through the capillary water conveying strip to water the plants, the water cavity serves as low-frequency acoustic damping, automatic irrigation is provided for the plants through the capillary water conveying strip, and the resource circulation of reducing noise with water and keeping green with water is achieved. Physical sound insulation, structural noise elimination, plant greening and automatic irrigation are efficiently integrated, and unification of full-band noise reduction, ecological beautification and intelligent maintenance is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of green wall structures, and in particular to a spatial greening system with audiovisual coupling noise reduction function. Background Technology

[0002] An indoor green wall is a system that vertically plants plants on indoor walls or structures. Also known as a vertical garden or eco-wall, it absorbs common indoor air pollutants such as formaldehyde, benzene, and trichloroethylene. It can increase oxygen levels, regulate indoor humidity, and, depending on the needs, beautify the indoor environment and enhance the viewing experience by selecting suitable plants and flowers. Furthermore, plant leaves and substrate can absorb, reflect, and refract sound waves, thus providing a certain degree of sound absorption and noise reduction.

[0003] However, existing green walls have the following problems: 1. The existing technology involves directly installing absorbent cotton on the wall or supporting perforated board and planting plants on the absorbent cotton. Although plants have a certain noise reduction effect, the noise reduction effect is poor and cannot meet the requirements for quietness.

[0004] 2. In existing technologies, plants need to be watered regularly, which increases the burden on humans, and the amount of water is not easy to control, which can easily lead to overwatering and water flowing to the bottom of the plant. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention provides a spatial greening system with audiovisual coupling noise reduction capabilities. The system includes a supporting sound-absorbing structure. On one side of the supporting sound-absorbing structure, a first sound insulation layer, a first cavity, a second sound insulation layer, and a planting box are sequentially arranged. Water is placed inside the first cavity, and nutrient soil and plants are placed inside the planting box. A capillary water delivery strip connects the first cavity and the planting box, allowing water from the first cavity to be transported to the nutrient soil for watering the plants. A magnetic composite layer is arranged on the other side of the supporting sound-absorbing structure.

[0006] The sound-absorbing support structure includes a first support plate, a second support plate, and a third support plate. Multiple first support strips are provided between the first and second support plates, dividing the space between the first and second support plates into multiple first sound-absorbing holes. Multiple second support strips are provided between the second and third support plates, dividing the space between the second and third support plates into multiple second sound-absorbing holes. The first and second sound-absorbing holes are staggered.

[0007] Preferably, the first support bar and the second support bar have a trapezoidal structure; preferably, the first support bar and the second support bar are made of rubber.

[0008] Preferably, it is further provided with a water supply pipe for adding water to the first cavity. Preferably, a connection port is provided at the bottom of the first cavity, and a valve (not shown) is provided on the connection port. By connecting the water supply pipe to the connection port at the bottom of the first cavity and opening the valve, water can be added to the first cavity; in addition, when it is necessary to drain the water in the first cavity, a drain pipe is connected to the connection port at the bottom of the first cavity, and the valve is opened to drain the water from the first cavity.

[0009] Preferably, multiple capillary water delivery strips are provided, and the number of strips is determined according to the amount of nutrient soil in the planting box, the type of plant, and the water requirement. Preferably, the capillary water delivery strips are made of one or more of the following materials: synthetic fiber rope, cotton rope, felt, or non-woven fabric strips.

[0010] Preferably, the plants in the planting box are shade-tolerant plants, such as pothos, monstera, and nerve plant; preferably, the plants in the planting box are drought-tolerant varieties such as air plants and sedum, to reduce watering pressure.

[0011] Preferably, the planting box is also equipped with absorbent cotton.

[0012] Preferably, the planting box is also equipped with a grid plate to support the plant's root system.

[0013] Preferably, the magnetic composite layer is made of a magnetic composite material and is fixed to the third support plate by an adhesive or mechanical clips. Preferably, the magnetic composite layer is ferrite magnetic rubber. The magnetic composite layer has high permeability and internal loss factor. When sound waves cause vibrations on its surface, the magnetic layer undergoes microscopic magnetic domain changes, generating hysteresis loss and consuming vibrational energy. Through magnetostriction, the mechanical vibration is converted into heat energy. For low-frequency noise (<500Hz), the magnetic material can supplement the damping effect of the water cavity, suppressing structural resonance and reducing sound bridge transmission through magnetic damping.

[0014] The supporting sound-absorbing structure has two functions: first, it provides support for the first sound insulation layer, the second sound insulation layer, the first cavity, and the planting box; second, it reduces noise in the mid-to-high frequency range.

[0015] The water in the first cavity of the present invention has two functions: (1) it delivers water to the nutrient soil through the capillary water delivery strip, which avoids watering directly through the sprinkler or water pipe, thereby reducing the labor intensity and also avoids the problem of water flowing to the ground due to excessive watering; (2) the water in the first cavity is used to improve low-frequency sound insulation.

[0016] The noise reduction process of the spatial greening system with audiovisual coupling noise reduction effect of the present invention is as follows: Step 1: Sound waves impact the magnetic composite layer, triggering magnetostriction and hysteresis loss.

[0017] When sound (sound waves) impacts the magnetic composite layer from the external environment, the noise reduction process is immediately initiated. The magnetic composite layer is made of a high-permeability material with a fine magnetic domain structure inside. Sound wave vibration causes the surface of the magnetic layer to vibrate, leading to the rearrangement of the magnetic domains. The mechanical vibration of the sound wave causes the magnetic material to expand and contract at a microscopic size. This process directly converts sound energy into magnetic energy, which is then dissipated as heat energy through internal friction of the material. In addition, when the sound wave vibration drives the magnetic domain movement, due to the hysteresis characteristics of the material, some energy is lost in the form of heat, which is especially effective for low-frequency noise (<500 Hz) and compensates for the limitations of water cavity damping.

[0018] In this step, the magnetic composite layer acts as the "first line of defense," consuming approximately 10%-15% of the acoustic energy, primarily targeting low-frequency components. It requires no external energy source and enhances the overall damping effect through a high internal loss factor.

[0019] Step 2: The sound wave propagates to the supporting sound-absorbing structure and is scattered by the mass-spring system and the sound-absorbing holes.

[0020] The first, second, and third support plates act as "masses," with the anechoic holes acting as "springs," forming a "mass-spring-mass-spring-mass" system. Sound waves are reflected and transmitted at each interface, and due to impedance mismatch and resonance effects, mid-to-high frequency sound waves are significantly attenuated. Specifically: when a sound wave strikes the first support plate, some energy is reflected; the transmitted portion enters the first anechoic hole, exciting the air layer to vibrate. Because the anechoic hole is divided into independent small holes by the support bars, the continuity of the cavity is disrupted, suppressing standing wave resonance and coincidence effects, thus smoothing the sound insulation curve. The misalignment of the first and second anechoic holes forces sound waves to diffract or propagate through the bending vibration of the second support plate. This process increases the sound wave path, causing multiple reflections and scatterings, resulting in continuous attenuation of sound energy. Simultaneously, the misalignment design reduces continuous sound transmission through the "sound bridge," lowering the risk of solid-borne sound transmission.

[0021] This step is the core of mid-to-high frequency noise reduction, and can dissipate 30%-40% of acoustic energy. The supporting sound-absorbing structure works synergistically with the magnetic composite layer to cover broadband noise.

[0022] Step 3: The sound waves penetrate the sound insulation layer, enter the water cavity, and are damped by low frequencies.

[0023] The sound wave continues to propagate inward, being further attenuated by the first and second sound insulation layers. Subsequently, the sound wave reaches the first cavity, which is filled with water. On one hand, the addition of water significantly increases the system's mass per unit area, thereby enhancing its ability to block low-frequency sound waves (20-500 Hz). When the sound wave causes structural vibration, the inertia of the water inhibits vibration transmission. On the other hand, the high viscosity and internal friction of the water cause turbulence, shearing, and frictional motion during vibration, converting acoustic / mechanical energy into heat energy. This process is particularly effective for low-frequency components, forming a "magnetic-water" dual damping effect with the magnetic composite layer, synergistically dissipating energy.

[0024] In this step, the water cavity can further consume 20%-30% of the acoustic energy, focusing on strengthening the low-frequency range.

[0025] Step 4: The residual sound waves reach the planting box and are eventually attenuated by the plant greening layer.

[0026] Ultimately, the residual sound waves reach the planting box, where the plant leaves and nutrient soil can absorb, reflect, and refract the sound waves, especially providing additional attenuation for mid- to high-frequency noise.

[0027] The beneficial effects of the above-mentioned technical solution of the present invention are as follows: (1) This invention integrates physical sound insulation, structural sound absorption, plant greening and automatic irrigation in a highly efficient manner, achieving the unity of full-band noise reduction, ecological beautification and intelligent maintenance.

[0028] (2) By setting up a first cavity and filling the first cavity with water, the present invention uses water to reduce noise on the one hand, and delivers the water in the first cavity to the planting box for watering the plants through the capillary water delivery strip. The water cavity serves as both low-frequency acoustic damping and provides automatic irrigation for the plants through the capillary water delivery strip, thus realizing the resource cycle of "using water to reduce noise and using water to nourish greenery".

[0029] (3) The magnetic composite layer initiates the first round of dissipation for low frequencies, supports the sound-absorbing structure to treat mid-to-high frequencies, the water cavity enhances low-frequency damping, and the plant layer completes the final purification. This "magnetic-structure-water-plant" quadruple mechanism ensures full-frequency coverage. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This describes the sound insulation and noise reduction process of the present invention.

[0031] Wherein: 1-First support plate, 2-Second support plate, 3-Third support plate, 4-First support strip, 5-Second support strip, 6-First sound-absorbing hole, 7-Second sound-absorbing hole, 8-First sound insulation layer, 9-Second sound insulation layer, 10-First cavity, 11-Planting box, 12-Nutrient soil, 13-Capillary water supply strip, 14-Magnetic composite layer. Detailed Implementation

[0032] To make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, a detailed description will be given below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0033] This invention provides a spatial greening system with audiovisual coupling noise reduction function, based on... Figure 1-2 As shown, the system includes a sound-absorbing support structure. On one side of the sound-absorbing support structure, a first sound insulation layer 8, a first cavity 10, a second sound insulation layer 9, and a planting box 11 are arranged in sequence. Water is placed in the first cavity 10, and nutrient soil 12 and plants are placed in the planting box 11. The first cavity 10 and the planting box 11 are connected by a capillary water delivery strip 13 to transport the water in the first cavity 10 to the nutrient soil 12 for watering the plants. A magnetic composite layer 14 is arranged on the other side of the sound-absorbing support structure.

[0034] The sound-absorbing support structure includes a first support plate 1, a second support plate 2, and a third support plate 3. Multiple first support bars 4 are provided between the first support plate 1 and the second support plate 2, dividing the space between the first support plate 1 and the second support plate 2 into multiple first sound-absorbing holes 6. Multiple second support bars 5 are provided between the second support plate 2 and the third support plate 3, dividing the space between the second support plate 2 and the third support plate 3 into multiple second sound-absorbing holes 7. The first sound-absorbing holes 6 and the second sound-absorbing holes 7 are staggered.

[0035] Preferably, the first support bar 4 and the second support bar 5 are trapezoidal structures; preferably, the first support bar 4 and the second support bar 5 are made of rubber.

[0036] Preferably, it is further provided with a water supply pipe for adding water to the first cavity 10. Preferably, a connection port is provided at the bottom of the first cavity 10, and a valve (not shown) is provided on the connection port. By connecting the water supply pipe to the connection port at the bottom of the first cavity 10 and opening the valve, water can be added to the first cavity 10; in addition, when it is necessary to drain the water in the first cavity 10, a drain pipe is connected to the connection port at the bottom of the first cavity 10, and the valve is opened to drain the water in the first cavity 10.

[0037] Preferably, multiple capillary water delivery strips 13 are provided, and the number of strips is determined according to the amount of nutrient soil in the planting box and the water requirements of the plants. Preferably, the capillary water delivery strips 13 are plant strips, and the materials used are one or more of synthetic fiber rope, cotton rope, felt, or non-woven fabric strips.

[0038] Preferably, the plants in the planting box are shade-tolerant plants, such as pothos, monstera, and nerve plant; preferably, the plants in the planting box are drought-tolerant varieties such as air plants and sedum, to reduce watering pressure.

[0039] Preferably, the planting box 11 is also provided with absorbent cotton.

[0040] Preferably, the planting box 11 is also provided with a grid plate to support the plant's root system.

[0041] Preferably, the magnetic composite layer 14 is made of a magnetic composite material and is fixed to the third support plate by an adhesive or mechanical clip. Preferably, the magnetic composite layer 14 is ferrite magnetic rubber. The magnetic composite layer 14 has high permeability and internal loss factor. When sound waves cause vibration on its surface, the magnetic layer undergoes microscopic magnetic domain changes, generating hysteresis loss and consuming vibration energy. Through magnetostriction, the mechanical vibration is converted into heat energy. For low-frequency noise (<500Hz), the magnetic material can supplement the damping effect of the water cavity, suppressing structural resonance and reducing sound bridge transmission through magnetic damping.

[0042] The supporting sound-absorbing structure has two functions: first, it provides support for the first sound insulation layer 8, the second sound insulation layer 9, the first cavity 10, and the planting box 11; second, it provides sound absorption, which can significantly reduce noise in the mid-to-high frequency range.

[0043] The water in the first cavity 10 of the present invention has two functions: (1) it delivers water to the nutrient soil through the capillary water delivery strip, which avoids watering directly through the sprinkler or water pipe, thereby reducing the labor intensity and also avoids the problem of water flowing to the ground due to excessive watering; (2) the water in the first cavity is used to improve low-frequency sound insulation.

[0044] The noise reduction process of the spatial greening system with audiovisual coupling noise reduction effect of the present invention is as follows: Step 1: Sound waves impact the magnetic composite layer, triggering magnetostriction and hysteresis loss.

[0045] When noise (sound waves) impacts the magnetic composite layer 14 from the external environment, the noise reduction process is immediately initiated. The magnetic composite layer is made of a high-permeability material with a fine magnetic domain structure inside. Sound wave vibration causes the surface of the magnetic layer to vibrate, resulting in the rearrangement of the magnetic domains. The mechanical vibration of the sound waves causes the magnetic material to undergo microscopic expansion and contraction. This process directly converts sound energy into magnetic energy, which is then dissipated as heat energy through internal friction of the material. In addition, when the sound wave vibration drives the magnetic domains to move, due to the hysteresis characteristics of the material, some energy is lost in the form of heat, which is especially effective for low-frequency noise (<500 Hz) and makes up for the limitations of water cavity damping.

[0046] In this step, the magnetic composite layer acts as the "first line of defense," consuming approximately 10%-15% of the acoustic energy, primarily targeting low-frequency components. It requires no external energy source and enhances the overall damping effect through a high internal loss factor.

[0047] Step 2: The sound wave propagates to the supporting sound-absorbing structure and is scattered by the mass-spring system and the sound-absorbing holes.

[0048] The first, second, and third support plates act as "masses," with the silencing holes acting as "springs," forming a "mass-spring-mass-spring-mass" system. Sound waves are reflected and transmitted at each interface, and due to impedance mismatch and resonance effects, mid-to-high frequency sound waves are significantly attenuated. Specifically: when a sound wave strikes the first support plate 1, some energy is reflected; the transmitted portion enters the first silencing hole 6, exciting the air layer to vibrate. Because the silencing holes are divided into independent small holes by the support bars, the continuity of the cavity is disrupted, suppressing standing wave resonance and coincidence effects, thus smoothing the sound insulation curve. The first silencing hole 6 and the second silencing hole 7 are misaligned, forcing sound waves to diffract or propagate through the bending vibration of the second support plate 2. This process increases the sound wave path, causing multiple reflections and scatterings, resulting in continuous attenuation of sound energy. Simultaneously, the misaligned design reduces continuous sound transmission through the "sound bridge," lowering solid-borne sound transmission.

[0049] This step is the core of mid-to-high frequency noise reduction, and can dissipate 30%-40% of acoustic energy. The supporting sound-absorbing structure works synergistically with the magnetic composite layer to cover broadband noise.

[0050] Step 3: The sound waves penetrate the sound insulation layer, enter the water cavity, and are damped by low frequencies.

[0051] The sound wave continues to propagate inward, being further attenuated by the first sound insulation layer 8 and the second sound insulation layer 9. Subsequently, the sound wave reaches the first cavity 10, which is filled with water. On one hand, the addition of water significantly increases the system's mass per unit area, thereby enhancing its ability to block low-frequency sound waves (20-500 Hz). When the sound wave causes structural vibration, the inertia of the water inhibits vibration transmission. On the other hand, the high viscosity and internal friction of the water cause turbulence, shearing, and frictional motion during vibration, converting acoustic / mechanical energy into heat energy. This process is particularly effective for low-frequency components, forming a "magnetic-water" dual damping effect with the magnetic composite layer, synergistically dissipating energy.

[0052] In this step, the water cavity can further consume 20%-30% of the acoustic energy, focusing on strengthening the low-frequency range.

[0053] Step 4: The residual sound waves reach the planting box and are eventually attenuated by the plant greening layer.

[0054] Ultimately, the residual sound waves reach the planting box 11, where the plant leaves and nutrient soil can absorb, reflect, and refract the sound waves, especially providing additional attenuation for mid- to high-frequency noise.

[0055] The above description represents the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A spatial greening system with audiovisual coupling noise reduction function, characterized in that, The system includes a sound-absorbing support structure. On one side of the sound-absorbing support structure, a first sound insulation layer, a first cavity, a second sound insulation layer, and a planting box are arranged in sequence. Water is placed in the first cavity, and nutrient soil and plants are placed in the planting box. The first cavity and the planting box are connected by a capillary water delivery strip to transport the water in the first cavity to the nutrient soil to water the plants. On the other side of the sound-absorbing support structure, a magnetic composite layer is arranged. The magnetic composite layer has high magnetic permeability and internal loss factor. When sound waves cause its surface to vibrate, the magnetic layer will undergo microscopic magnetic domain changes, generating hysteresis loss and consuming vibration energy. Through the magnetostrictive effect, the mechanical vibration is converted into heat energy. The sound-absorbing support structure includes a first support plate, a second support plate, and a third support plate. Multiple first support strips are provided between the first and second support plates, dividing the space between the first and second support plates into multiple first sound-absorbing holes. Multiple second support strips are provided between the second and third support plates, dividing the space between the second and third support plates into multiple second sound-absorbing holes. The first and second sound-absorbing holes are staggered. The water in the first cavity serves both as low-frequency acoustic damping and as a means of automatic irrigation for the plants via capillary strips.

2. A spatial greening system with audiovisual coupling noise reduction function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first and second support bars are trapezoidal structures.

3. A spatial greening system with audiovisual coupling noise reduction function according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that, The first and second support bars are made of rubber.

4. A spatial greening system with audiovisual coupling noise reduction function according to claim 1, characterized in that, A connection port is provided at the bottom of the first cavity, and a valve is provided on the connection port.

5. A spatial greening system with audiovisual coupling noise reduction function according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple capillary water delivery strips are set, depending on the amount of nutrient soil in the planting box, the type of plant, and its water requirements.

6. A spatial greening system with audiovisual coupling noise reduction function according to claim 1 or claim 5, characterized in that, The capillary water delivery strip is made of one or more of the following materials: synthetic fiber rope, cotton rope, felt, or non-woven fabric strip.

7. A spatial greening system with audiovisual coupling noise reduction function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plants in the planting box are shade-tolerant plants, such as pothos, monstera, and nerve plant.

8. A spatial greening system with audiovisual coupling noise reduction function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plants in the planting box are drought-tolerant varieties such as air plants and sedum, reducing the burden of watering.

9. A spatial greening system with audiovisual coupling noise reduction function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The planting box also contains absorbent cotton.

10. An audiovisual coupling noise reduction method, wherein the method uses the spatial greening system with audiovisual coupling noise reduction effect as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Step 1: Acoustic waves impact the magnetic composite layer, triggering magnetostriction and hysteresis loss; Step 2: The sound waves propagate to the supporting sound-absorbing structure and are scattered by the mass-spring system and the sound-absorbing holes; Step 3: The sound waves penetrate the sound insulation layer, enter the water cavity, and are damped by low frequencies; Step 4: The residual sound waves reach the planting box and are eventually attenuated by the plant greening layer.

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