Oil for robot and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses oil for a robot and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of lubricating oil. The oil for the robot comprises 85%-95% of base oil and 5%-15% of a composite additive, the base oil is a compound system of poly-alpha-olefin, ester oil and hydrofined mineral oil, and the composite additive contains compound components such as an anti-wear agent and an antioxidant. The preparation method comprises the following steps: vacuum dehydration pretreatment of base oil, staged mixing of the composite additive, heat-preservation stirring and blending of raw materials and post-treatment of precise filtration. Through scientific compounding and process optimization, the oil has excellent fluidity, wear resistance, oxidation stability and rust resistance in a wide temperature range of-40 DEG C to 150 DEG C, wear of core parts of a robot can be reduced, the service life of the oil is prolonged, the operation precision of equipment is improved, and the oil is suitable for lubricating parts such as joints and gears of industrial robots.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of lubricating oil technology, specifically to a robot oil and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] As the core equipment of intelligent manufacturing, industrial robots have moving parts (such as joint bearings, harmonic reducers, ball screws, guide rails, etc.) that need to operate for a long time under high temperature, high load, high frequency start-stop and complex working conditions. This places stringent requirements on the comprehensive performance of lubricating oil: it must have excellent lubrication and friction reduction performance to reduce component wear, good high temperature resistance and oxidation stability to extend service life, excellent low temperature fluidity to adapt to different ambient temperatures, and strong rust and corrosion prevention capabilities to protect metal parts. At the same time, it must avoid problems such as sludge formation and residual bubbles that affect operating accuracy.

[0003] Existing robot lubricants suffer from several technical defects: First, the base oils often use single mineral oils or ordinary synthetic oils, making it difficult to balance high-temperature stability and low-temperature fluidity. At high temperatures, they are prone to oxidation and deterioration, producing sludge, while at low temperatures, the viscosity increases sharply, leading to increased starting resistance and delayed lubrication. Second, the additive system is poorly designed, often using only single types of anti-wear agents and antioxidants, resulting in poor synergistic effects, insufficient anti-wear performance, and limited oxidation stability. Long-term use can exacerbate component wear and lubricant failure, requiring frequent oil changes and increasing maintenance costs. Third, some products contain corrosive components or lack targeted rust and corrosion prevention formulas, leading to rust on metal parts and aging of seals with prolonged use, affecting robot operating accuracy and lifespan. Fourth, the manufacturing process is simple and crude, with base oils not undergoing targeted pretreatment and additives being unevenly mixed, further reducing the overall performance of the lubricant.

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention proposes a robot oil and its preparation method. By optimizing the base oil compounding system and composite additive formulation, combined with a scientific preparation process, the oil's lubricity, high-temperature resistance, oxidation resistance, low-temperature fluidity, and rust and corrosion prevention are synergistically improved, meeting the stringent usage requirements of robot core components. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems of insufficient lubrication performance, poor adaptability to high and low temperatures, weak oxidation stability, and poor rust and corrosion prevention effects of existing robot oils, this invention provides a robot oil and its preparation method. This robot oil uses a specific compound base oil and composite additives to work synergistically, resulting in excellent comprehensive performance, long service life, and a scientifically controllable preparation process, making it suitable for industrial production.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a robot oil comprising a base oil and a composite additive, wherein the base oil is a compound system of synthetic base oil and mineral base oil, and the composite additive comprises anti-wear agent, antioxidant, detergent dispersant, rust inhibitor, pour point depressant and antifoaming agent; wherein the robot oil comprises 85% to 95% by mass of the base oil and 5% to 15% by mass of the composite additive.

[0008] As a further improvement to the technical solution of the present invention, the synthetic base oil is a compound of polyalphaolefin (PAO) and ester oil, and the mineral base oil is a hydrotreated mineral oil; the mass ratio of polyalphaolefin (PAO), ester oil and hydrotreated mineral oil is (30-50):(10-20):(30-50).

[0009] As a further improvement to the technical solution of the present invention, the poly-α-olefin (PAO) is selected from at least one of PAO40 and PAO60; the ester oil is selected from at least one of pentaerythritol ester, diisooctyl adipate, and diisooctyl sebacate.

[0010] As a further improvement to the technical solution of the present invention, the components in the composite additive are composed of the following mass fractions: 15% to 30% anti-wear agent, 10% to 20% antioxidant, 25% to 40% detergent dispersant, 5% to 15% rust inhibitor, 5% to 10% pour point depressant, and 0.01% to 0.1% antifoaming agent.

[0011] As a further improvement to the technical solution of the present invention, the anti-wear agent is a compound of zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate (ZDDP) and molybdate, with a mass ratio of (2-3):1; the molybdate is selected from at least one of molybdenum dithiophosphate and molybdenum thiocarbamate.

[0012] As a further improvement to the technical solution of the present invention, the antioxidant is a compound of hindered phenolic antioxidant and amine antioxidant, with a mass ratio of (1-2):1; the hindered phenolic antioxidant is selected from at least one of 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol (BHT) and pentaerythritol tetrakis[β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate] (antioxidant 1010); the amine antioxidant is selected from at least one of diphenylamine and phenyl-α-naphthylamine.

[0013] As a further improvement to the technical solution of the present invention, the cleaning and dispersing agent is polyisobutylene succinimide, the rust inhibitor is sodium petroleum sulfonate, the pour point depressant is polymethyl methacrylate (PMA), and the antifoaming agent is an organosilicon antifoaming agent.

[0014] Secondly, the present invention also provides a method for preparing robot oil, comprising the following steps:

[0015] S1: Base oil pretreatment: Take synthetic base oil and mineral base oil according to the mass ratio, mix them and heat to 60℃~80℃, vacuum dehydrate for 1h~2h under vacuum degree -0.08MPa~-0.09MPa, cool down to 40℃~50℃ to obtain pretreated base oil;

[0016] S2: Preparation of composite additive: Take anti-wear agent, antioxidant, detergent dispersant, rust inhibitor and pour point depressant according to mass fraction, stir and mix at 40℃~50℃ and 800r / min~1000r / min for 20min~30min, add antifoaming agent and continue stirring for 5min~10min to obtain composite additive;

[0017] S3: Mixing and Modulation: Add composite additives to the pretreated base oil, stir at a speed of 1000 r / min to 1500 r / min for 30 min to 60 min, heat to 70℃ to 80℃ and stir for 1 h to 2 h;

[0018] S4: Post-treatment: Cool to room temperature and filter through a 5μm to 10μm precision filter to obtain robot oil.

[0019] As a further improvement to the technical solution of the present invention, in step S1, the synthetic base oil is a compound of polyalphaolefin (PAO) and ester oil. When mixing, the polyalphaolefin (PAO) and ester oil are stirred and mixed for 10 min to 15 min, and then the hydrogenated refined mineral oil is added.

[0020] As a further improvement to the technical solution of the present invention, in step S3, nitrogen protection is used during the heat preservation and stirring process, and the nitrogen flow rate is 0.5L / min to 1L / min.

[0021] Compared with existing technologies, the robot oil and its preparation method of this invention have the following advantages:

[0022] The base oil is a specific blend of polyalphaolefin (PAO), ester oil, and hydrotreated mineral oil, with a significant synergistic effect: PAO imparts excellent high-temperature resistance, oxidation stability, and low volatility to the oil; ester oil improves lubricity and compatibility with seals; and hydrotreated mineral oil optimizes the viscosity characteristics and controls costs. After blending, the oil exhibits suitable viscosity and fluidity over a wide temperature range of -40℃ to 150℃, balancing low-temperature start-up and high-temperature stability.

[0023] The composite additive system is scientifically sound, with each component working synergistically: the anti-wear agent is a combination of zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate (ZDDP) and molybdate. ZDDP forms a chemical adsorption film on the metal surface, while molybdate forms a tribochemical reaction film. This dual protection significantly improves the anti-wear and friction-reducing effect, reducing wear on joints, gears, and other components. The antioxidant is a combination of hindered phenols and amines. Hindered phenols capture free radicals, while amines decompose peroxides, greatly extending the oil's oxidation stability and service life by more than 30% compared to conventional oils. The detergent-dispersant effectively inhibits sludge formation, keeping the oil clean. The rust inhibitor forms a dense protective film to prevent corrosion of metal parts. The pour point depressant improves low-temperature fluidity, ensuring normal start-up in low-temperature environments. The anti-foaming agent avoids lubrication failure caused by residual bubbles, comprehensively improving the overall performance of the oil.

[0024] The preparation process is highly targeted: the base oil pretreatment removes moisture and low-boiling substances to avoid affecting the activity of additives and the stability of the oil; the additive staged mixing and heat preservation stirring process ensures that each component is evenly dispersed and avoids performance fluctuations caused by uneven local concentration; the precision filtration step removes mechanical impurities, prevents component scratches, and further ensures the lubrication effect.

[0025] The robot oil of this invention has no corrosive components, has good compatibility with metal parts and seals, and can be widely used in core moving parts of industrial robots such as joints, harmonic reducers, ball screws, and linear guides. It can effectively reduce component wear, extend service life, improve operating accuracy, and reduce oil replacement frequency and maintenance costs. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are used to explain the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0027] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a robot oil comprising a base oil and a composite additive, wherein the base oil is a compound system of synthetic base oil and mineral base oil, and the composite additive comprises anti-wear agent, antioxidant, detergent dispersant, rust inhibitor, pour point depressant and antifoaming agent; wherein the robot oil comprises 85% to 95% by mass of the base oil and 5% to 15% by mass of the composite additive.

[0028] This invention uses a blend of synthetic and mineral base oils as a carrier, combined with a composite additive system containing anti-wear agents, antioxidants, detergents and dispersants, rust inhibitors, pour point depressants, and antifoaming agents, formulated at a mass ratio of 85%–95% and 5%–15%. The base oil provides basic lubrication carrier function, while each component of the composite additive specifically compensates for the shortcomings of a single base oil's performance. Through the synergistic effect between components, a multi-dimensional performance enhancement is achieved, including lubrication, anti-wear, and anti-oxidation. This invention fundamentally solves the problems of limited performance of single base oils and single-function additives in existing robot oils. Through scientific blending, the oil simultaneously possesses excellent lubricity, high and low temperature adaptability, oxidation resistance, and rust and corrosion prevention, meeting the comprehensive usage requirements of core moving parts of industrial robots under complex working conditions. Furthermore, the reasonable formulation range provides flexible adjustment space for subsequent component optimization, adapting to the performance emphasis requirements of different scenarios.

[0029] In some embodiments, the synthetic base oil is a compound of polyalphaolefin (PAO) and ester oil, and the mineral base oil is a hydrotreated mineral oil; the mass ratio of the polyalphaolefin (PAO), ester oil and hydrotreated mineral oil is (30-50):(10-20):(30-50).

[0030] It should be noted that the synthetic base oil is specifically defined as a blend of polyalphaolefin and ester oil, and the mineral base oil is defined as hydrotreated mineral oil, with a specified mass ratio of (30-50):(10-20):(30-50). Polyalphaolefin provides high-temperature resistance, low volatility, and good oxidation stability; ester oil enhances lubricity and compatibility with seals; and hydrotreated mineral oil optimizes viscosity characteristics and controls costs. When blended in the specified ratio, the performance advantages of each component complement each other, forming a synergistic effect. This invention avoids the shortcomings of single base oils in high and low temperature performance, lubricity, or cost. After blending in a specific ratio, the oil maintains suitable viscosity and fluidity over a wide temperature range, balancing smooth low-temperature start-up and high-temperature stability, while also balancing lubrication effect and production cost, thus improving the product's market applicability.

[0031] In some embodiments, the polyalphaolefin (PAO) is selected from at least one of PAO40 and PAO60; the ester oil is selected from at least one of pentaerythritol ester, diisooctyl adipate, and diisooctyl sebacate.

[0032] It should be noted that the α-olefin is selected from at least one of PAO40 and PAO60, and the ester oil is selected from at least one of pentaerythritol ester, diisooctyl adipate, and diisooctyl sebacate. The selected PAO type has a defined and stable viscosity index and high and low temperature performance, and the selected ester oil has excellent lubricity and compatibility with other components. By specifying specific types, the performance consistency and reliability of the base oil compound system are ensured. This avoids performance fluctuations caused by uncertainties in the types of base oil components. The stability of the selected specific types of polyalphaolefin and ester oils has been verified in industrial applications, which can further improve the performance controllability of robot oils, ensure the consistency of different batches of products, and enhance the compatibility of the oil with the core components of the robot, reducing the risk of lubrication failure caused by component differences.

[0033] In some embodiments, the components of the composite additive are composed of the following mass fractions: 15%–30% anti-wear agent, 10%–20% antioxidant, 25%–40% detergent dispersant, 5%–15% rust inhibitor, 5%–10% pour point depressant, and 0.01%–0.1% antifoaming agent.

[0034] It should be noted that the mass fraction range of each component in the composite additive is limited: anti-wear agent 15%–30%, antioxidant 10%–20%, detergent-dispersant 25%–40%, rust inhibitor 5%–15%, pour point depressant 5%–10%, and antifoaming agent 0.01%–0.1%. When the components are formulated within this range, the anti-wear agent can fully exert its protective effect, the antioxidant can effectively inhibit oxidation, the detergent-dispersant can maintain the cleanliness of the oil, and the rust inhibitor, pour point depressant, and antifoaming agent can each perform their specific functions. Furthermore, the concentration of each component is moderate, preventing any one component from causing conflicts or performance redundancy with other components due to excessive amounts. This ensures that the functions of the composite additive are balanced, avoiding any single function being too strong or too weak. This results in a synergistic and optimized comprehensive performance of the oil in terms of anti-wear, anti-oxidation, detergent, rust prevention, low-temperature flow, and antifoaming. At the same time, this mass fraction range provides reasonable adjustment space for actual production, allowing for fine-tuning according to the performance emphasis of specific application scenarios, thus improving product flexibility.

[0035] In some embodiments, the anti-wear agent is a compound of zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate (ZDDP) and molybdate, with a mass ratio of (2-3):1; the molybdate is selected from at least one of molybdenum dithiophosphate and molybdenum thiocarbamate.

[0036] It should be noted that the anti-wear agent is limited to a compound of zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate and molybdate, with a mass ratio of (2-3):1. Zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate forms a chemically adsorbed film on the metal surface, blocking direct friction between metals; molybdate undergoes a chemical reaction during friction, generating a tribochemical reaction film with superior lubrication performance. The two films work synergistically to construct a dual anti-wear protection system. Compared to a single anti-wear agent, the anti-wear effect of this compound system is significantly improved. The dual protection can effectively reduce the wear of moving parts such as robot joints and gears, extending the service life of the parts. At the same time, the limited compounding ratio ensures that the synergistic effect of the two anti-wear agents is maximized, avoiding insufficient formation of a protective film due to imbalance in the ratio, further improving the anti-wear reliability of the oil.

[0037] In some embodiments, the antioxidant is a mixture of hindered phenolic antioxidants and amine antioxidants in a mass ratio of (1-2):1; the hindered phenolic antioxidant is selected from at least one of 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol (BHT) and pentaerythritol tetrakis[β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate] (antioxidant 1010); the amine antioxidant is selected from at least one of diphenylamine and phenyl-α-naphthylamine.

[0038] It should be noted that the antioxidants are limited to a mixture of hindered phenols and amines in a mass ratio of (1-2):1. Hindered phenolic antioxidants can capture free radicals generated during oxidation reactions, terminating free radical chain reactions; amine antioxidants can decompose peroxides generated during oxidation. Both act on different stages of the oxidation reaction, forming a synergistic inhibitory effect and comprehensively blocking the oil oxidation process. This compound system significantly improves the oxidation stability of the oil. Compared with a single antioxidant, it can more effectively inhibit the oxidative deterioration of the oil under high-temperature and long-term use conditions, reduce sludge formation, extend the service life of the oil, reduce the maintenance frequency of the robot and the cost of oil replacement. At the same time, the optimized compound ratio ensures that the effects of the two antioxidants are complementary, avoiding blind spots in oxidation protection.

[0039] In some embodiments, the detergent-dispersant is polyisobutylene succinimide, the rust inhibitor is sodium petroleum sulfonate, the pour point depressant is polymethyl methacrylate (PMA), and the antifoaming agent is an organosilicon antifoaming agent.

[0040] It should be noted that the detergent-dispersant is polyisobutylene succinimide, the rust inhibitor is sodium petroleum sulfonate, the pour point depressant is polymethyl methacrylate, and the antifoaming agent is an organosilicon antifoaming agent. Polyisobutylene succinimide possesses excellent detergent-dispersing ability, adsorbing impurities in the oil and preventing sludge deposition; sodium petroleum sulfonate forms a dense protective film on metal surfaces, isolating moisture and corrosive media; polymethyl methacrylate improves the low-temperature fluidity of the base oil; and the organosilicon antifoaming agent rapidly breaks bubbles and inhibits foam formation. All additives exhibit excellent compatibility with the base oil system of this invention. The selected additives are highly targeted, with prominent specific functions and good compatibility with the overall formulation. They effectively improve the detergent-dispersant properties, rust prevention, low-temperature fluidity, and antifoaming properties of the oil, avoiding performance degradation caused by incompatibility between additives and base oils or other components. This ensures the oil functions stably under different operating environments and conditions, reducing equipment failures caused by insufficient specific performance characteristics.

[0041] Secondly, the present invention also provides a method for preparing robot oil, comprising the following steps:

[0042] S1: Base oil pretreatment: Take synthetic base oil and mineral base oil according to the mass ratio, mix them and heat to 60℃~80℃, vacuum dehydrate for 1h~2h under vacuum degree -0.08MPa~-0.09MPa, cool down to 40℃~50℃ to obtain pretreated base oil;

[0043] S2: Preparation of composite additive: Take anti-wear agent, antioxidant, detergent dispersant, rust inhibitor and pour point depressant according to mass fraction, stir and mix at 40℃~50℃ and 800r / min~1000r / min for 20min~30min, add antifoaming agent and continue stirring for 5min~10min to obtain composite additive;

[0044] S3: Mixing and Modulation: Add composite additives to the pretreated base oil, stir at a speed of 1000 r / min to 1500 r / min for 30 min to 60 min, heat to 70℃ to 80℃ and stir for 1 h to 2 h;

[0045] S4: Post-treatment: Cool to room temperature and filter through a 5μm to 10μm precision filter to obtain robot oil.

[0046] It should be noted that the preparation method involves four key steps: base oil pretreatment, composite additive preparation, mixing and modulation, and post-treatment. Base oil pretreatment involves dehydration and removal of low-boiling-point substances at specific temperatures and vacuum levels to prevent moisture and low-boiling-point substances from affecting additive activity and oil stability. The composite additives are mixed in stages to ensure full dissolution of solid additives and uniform dispersion of all components. Mixing and modulation, through controlled rotation speed and temperature, ensures deep integration of the additives with the base oil. Precision filtration removes mechanical impurities to prevent scratching of the robot's moving parts. This preparation process is scientifically sound and controllable, with each step specifically addressing key issues in the production process. It avoids product performance fluctuations caused by raw material impurities and uneven component mixing, ensuring the consistency and stability of performance in each batch. Furthermore, the process is simple, suitable for industrial production, and can efficiently produce robot oils with excellent overall performance, reducing production energy consumption and costs.

[0047] In some embodiments, in step S1, the synthetic base oil is a compound of polyalphaolefin (PAO) and ester oil. During mixing, the PAO and ester oil are first stirred and mixed for 10-15 minutes, and then hydrotreated mineral oil is added. In the base oil pretreatment stage, the PAO and ester oil are first stirred and mixed for 10-15 minutes to ensure the two synthetic base oils are fully integrated and form a homogeneous synthetic base oil system before adding the hydrotreated mineral oil and continuing mixing. This step avoids localized concentration unevenness caused by simultaneous mixing of the three base oils, ensuring the full utilization of the performance advantages of the synthetic base oil, which is then synergistically adapted with the mineral oil. This further optimizes the mixing effect of the base oil, improves the homogeneity of the base oil system, avoids performance shortcomings caused by insufficient integration of the synthetic base oil, and makes the overall performance of the base oil, such as high and low temperature adaptability and lubricity, more stable. This lays a good foundation for subsequent deep integration with composite additives, further improving the performance reliability of the final product.

[0048] In some embodiments, nitrogen protection is used during the heat preservation and stirring process in step S3, with a nitrogen flow rate of 0.5 L / min to 1 L / min. Nitrogen is introduced during the heat preservation and stirring process of mixing and conditioning, with the nitrogen flow rate controlled at 0.5 L / min to 1 L / min. Nitrogen isolates the oil from air, preventing oxidation reactions between the oil and composite additives and oxygen in the air during the high-temperature heat preservation stage. This protects the activity of the additives from being destroyed and prevents premature oxidation and deterioration of the oil. Nitrogen protection effectively inhibits oxidation reactions during high-temperature stirring, ensuring that the additives maintain optimal activity, further improving the oxidation stability of the oil, extending its service life, and avoiding problems such as darkening of oil color and abnormal viscosity caused by premature oxidation. This ensures stable product quality and further improves the reliability of the oil during long-term use of the robot.

[0049] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0050] Example 1

[0051] A robot oil is made from the following raw materials by mass fraction: 90% base oil and 10% composite additives. The base oil contains the following components in the following mass ratio: 40 parts PAO40, 15 parts pentaerythritol ester, and 45 parts hydrotreated mineral oil. The composite additives contain the following components by mass fraction: 25% anti-wear agent (ZDDP to molybdenum dithiophosphate mass ratio 2.5:1), 15% antioxidant (antioxidant 1010 to diphenylamine mass ratio 1.5:1), 35% detergent-dispersant (T154 type polyisobutylene succinimide), 10% rust inhibitor (sodium petroleum sulfonate), 8% pour point depressant (PMA), and 0.05% antifoaming agent (methyl silicone oil). The balance is a base oil compatibility modifier (without specific function, only used to make up to 100%).

[0052] The preparation method of the above-mentioned robot oil includes the following steps: S1: Base oil pretreatment: PAO40, pentaerythritol ester, and hydrogenated refined mineral oil are mixed according to the formula and heated to 70°C. Vacuum dehydration is carried out for 1.5 hours under a vacuum of -0.085 MPa, and then cooled to 45°C to obtain pretreated base oil; S2: Composite additive preparation: ZDDP, molybdenum dithiophosphate, antioxidant 1010, diphenylamine, T154 type polyisobutylene succinimide, sodium petroleum sulfonate, and PMA are taken according to the mass fraction and stirred and mixed for 25 minutes at 45°C and 900 r / min. Then methyl silicone oil is added and stirring is continued for 8 minutes to obtain composite additive; S3: Mixing and modulation: Composite additive is added to the pretreated base oil and stirred for 45 minutes at 1200 r / min. Then the temperature is raised to 75°C and stirred for 1.5 hours; S4: Post-treatment: Cool to room temperature and filter through an 8μm precision filter to obtain robot oil.

[0053] Example 2

[0054] A robot oil is made from the following raw materials by mass fraction: 85% base oil and 15% composite additives. The base oil contains the following components in the following mass ratio: 30 parts PAO60, 10 parts diisooctyl sebacate, and 60 parts hydrotreated mineral oil. The composite additives contain the following components by mass fraction: 15% anti-wear agent (ZDDP to molybdenum thiocarbamate mass ratio 2:1), 10% antioxidant (BHT to phenyl-α-naphthylamine mass ratio 1:1), 40% detergent-dispersant (T155 type polyisobutylene succinimide), 15% rust inhibitor (sodium petroleum sulfonate), 5% pour point depressant (PMA), 0.01% antifoaming agent (polyether modified silicone oil), with the remainder being a base oil compatibility modifier.

[0055] The preparation method of the above-mentioned robot oil includes the following steps: S1: Base oil pretreatment: PAO60, diisooctyl sebacate, and hydrogenated refined mineral oil are mixed according to the formula, heated to 60°C, and vacuum dehydrated for 2 hours under a vacuum of -0.08MPa. The mixture is then cooled to 40°C to obtain the pretreated base oil; S2: Composite additive preparation: ZDDP, molybdenum thiocarbamate, BHT, phenyl-α-naphthylamine, T155 type polyisobutylene succinimide, sodium petroleum sulfonate, and PMA are mixed according to the mass fraction. The mixture is stirred and mixed for 30 minutes at 40°C and a rotation speed of 800 r / min. Then, polyether modified silicone oil is added, and stirring is continued for 10 minutes to obtain the composite additive; S3: Mixing and modulation: The composite additive is added to the pretreated base oil and stirred for 60 minutes at a rotation speed of 1000 r / min. The mixture is then heated to 70°C and stirred for 2 hours; S4: Post-treatment: The mixture is cooled to room temperature and filtered through a 5μm precision filter to obtain the robot oil.

[0056] Example 3

[0057] A robot oil is made from the following raw materials by mass fraction: 95% base oil and 5% composite additives. The base oil contains the following components in the following mass ratio: 50 parts of a PAO40 and PAO60 blend (mass ratio 1:1), 20 parts of diisooctyl adipate, and 30 parts of hydrotreated mineral oil. The composite additives contain the following components by mass fraction: 30% anti-wear agent (ZDDP and molybdenum dithiophosphate mass ratio 3:1), 20% antioxidant (antioxidant 1010 and phenyl-α-naphthylamine mass ratio 2:1), 25% detergent-dispersant (T154 type polyisobutylene succinimide), 5% rust inhibitor (sodium petroleum sulfonate), 10% pour point depressant (PMA), 0.1% antifoaming agent (methyl silicone oil), with the remainder being a base oil compatibility modifier.

[0058] The preparation method of the above-mentioned robot oil includes the following steps: S1: Base oil pretreatment: PAO compound, diisooctyl adipate, and hydrogenated refined mineral oil are taken according to the formula, mixed and heated to 80°C, vacuum dehydrated for 1 hour under a vacuum degree of -0.09MPa, and cooled to 50°C to obtain pretreated base oil; S2: Composite additive preparation: ZDDP, molybdenum dithiophosphate, antioxidant 1010, phenyl-α-naphthylamine, and T154 type polyisobutylene succinimide are taken according to the mass fraction. Amine, sodium petroleum sulfonate, and PMA were stirred and mixed at 50°C and 1000 r / min for 20 min, then methyl silicone oil was added and stirring was continued for 5 min to obtain a composite additive; S3: Mixing and modulation: The composite additive was added to the pretreated base oil and stirred at 1500 r / min for 30 min, then the temperature was raised to 80°C and stirred for 1 h; S4: Post-treatment: The mixture was cooled to room temperature and filtered through a 10 μm precision filter to obtain robot oil.

[0059] Example 4

[0060] A robot oil is made from the following raw materials by mass fraction: 92% base oil and 8% composite additives. The base oil contains the following components in the following mass ratio: 35 parts PAO40, 18 parts a compound of pentaerythritol ester and diisooctyl adipate (mass ratio 1:1), and 47 parts hydrotreated mineral oil. The composite additives contain the following components by mass fraction: 22% anti-wear agent (ZDDP and molybdenum thiocarbamate mass ratio 2.2:1), 16% antioxidant (antioxidant 1010 and diphenylamine mass ratio 1.2:1), 32% detergent-dispersant (T154 and T155 compound, mass ratio 1:1), 12% rust inhibitor (sodium petroleum sulfonate), 7% pour point depressant (PMA), 0.06% antifoaming agent (polyether modified silicone oil), with the remainder being a base oil compatibility modifier.

[0061] The preparation method of the above-mentioned robot oil is the same as that in Example 1.

[0062] Example 5

[0063] A robot oil is made from the following raw materials by mass fraction: 88% base oil and 12% composite additives. The base oil contains the following components in the following mass ratio: 45 parts PAO60, 12 parts diisooctyl sebacate, and 43 parts hydrotreated mineral oil. The composite additives contain the following components by mass fraction: 28% anti-wear agent (ZDDP to molybdenum dithiophosphate mass ratio 2.8:1), 18% antioxidant (BHT to diphenylamine mass ratio 1.8:1), 30% detergent-dispersant (T155 type polyisobutylene succinimide), 8% rust inhibitor (sodium petroleum sulfonate), 9% pour point depressant (PMA), 0.08% antifoaming agent (methyl silicone oil), with the balance being a base oil compatibility modifier.

[0064] The preparation method of the above-mentioned robot oil is the same as that in Example 3.

[0065] Comparative Example 1

[0066] The base oil was a single hydrotreated mineral oil (90% by mass), and the composite additives were the same as in Example 1 (10% by mass). The preparation method was the same as in Example 1.

[0067] Comparative Example 2

[0068] The base oil is the same as in Example 1 (90% by mass), the anti-wear agent in the composite additive is a single ZDDP (25% by mass), the remaining components are the same as in Example 1 (10% by mass), and the preparation method is the same as in Example 1.

[0069] Comparative Example 3

[0070] The base oil is the same as in Example 1 (90% by mass), the antioxidant in the compound additive is a single antioxidant 1010 (15% by mass), the remaining components are the same as in Example 1 (10% by mass), and the preparation method is the same as in Example 1.

[0071] Comparative Example 4

[0072] The base oil is the same as in Example 1 (90% by mass), and the composite additive is the same as in Example 1 (10% by mass). The base oil pretreatment step is omitted in the preparation method, and the rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0073] Comparative Example 5

[0074] There is currently commercially available robot-specific oil (a certain brand, model R-68).

[0075] Performance testing

[0076] The performance of the robot oils in Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-5 was tested, and the test standards and results are shown in the table below:

[0077]

[0078] Test Result Analysis

[0079] The test data shows that the robot oils in Examples 1-5 are superior to those in Comparative Examples 1-5 in terms of viscosity index, pour point, oxidation stability, anti-wear performance, rust prevention and anti-foaming properties, demonstrating the synergistic advantages of the base oil compounding system, composite additive formulation and preparation process of this invention.

[0080] Comparative Example 1 used a single hydrotreated mineral oil as the base oil, and its viscosity index was significantly lower than that of the Example, its pour point was higher, and its oxidation stability was poor. This indicates that the blending of synthetic base oil and mineral oil can effectively improve the high and low temperature adaptability and stability of the oil.

[0081] Comparative Example 2 used ZDDP alone as an anti-wear agent, and its PB and PD values ​​were lower than those of the Example, indicating that the anti-wear effect of the combination of ZDDP and molybdate is better. Comparative Example 3 used antioxidant 1010 alone, and its oxidation stability decreased significantly, verifying the synergistic effect of the antioxidant combination.

[0082] Comparative Example 4 omitted the base oil pretreatment step, and the rust prevention and anti-foaming properties fluctuated, indicating that the pretreatment can effectively remove moisture and impurities and ensure the stability of the oil performance; Comparative Example 5 is a commercially available product, and all its performance is lower than that of the embodiments of the present invention, which reflects the technical advancement of the present invention.

[0083] Example 3 showed the best performance in viscosity index, pour point, oxidation stability and anti-wear properties due to the high proportion of PAO in the base oil and the optimized content of anti-wear agents and antioxidants in the composite additives, further proving the importance of optimizing the proportion of each component.

[0084] In summary, the robot oil of this invention, through scientific base oil compounding, synergistic use of composite additives, and precise preparation process, possesses excellent comprehensive performance, can meet the stringent lubrication requirements of core components of industrial robots, and has broad application prospects.

[0085] Compared with existing technologies, the robot oil and its preparation method of this invention have the following advantages:

[0086] The base oil is a specific blend of polyalphaolefin (PAO), ester oil, and hydrotreated mineral oil, with a significant synergistic effect: PAO imparts excellent high-temperature resistance, oxidation stability, and low volatility to the oil; ester oil improves lubricity and compatibility with seals; and hydrotreated mineral oil optimizes the viscosity characteristics and controls costs. After blending, the oil exhibits suitable viscosity and fluidity over a wide temperature range of -40℃ to 150℃, balancing low-temperature start-up and high-temperature stability.

[0087] The composite additive system is scientifically sound, with each component working synergistically: the anti-wear agent is a blend of ZDDP and molybdate esters. ZDDP forms a chemical adsorption film on the metal surface, while molybdate esters form a tribochemical reaction film, providing dual protection that significantly enhances anti-wear and friction reduction, reducing wear on joints, gears, and other components; the antioxidant is a blend of hindered phenols and amines. Hindered phenols capture free radicals, while amines decompose peroxides, greatly extending the oil's oxidation stability and service life by more than 30% compared to conventional oils; the detergent-dispersant effectively inhibits sludge formation, keeping the oil clean; the rust inhibitor forms a dense protective film to prevent corrosion of metal parts; the pour point depressant improves low-temperature fluidity, ensuring normal start-up in low-temperature environments; and the antifoaming agent prevents lubrication failure caused by residual bubbles, comprehensively improving the overall performance of the oil.

[0088] The preparation process is highly targeted: the base oil pretreatment removes moisture and low-boiling substances to avoid affecting the activity of additives and the stability of the oil; the additive staged mixing and heat preservation stirring process ensures that each component is evenly dispersed and avoids performance fluctuations caused by uneven local concentration; the precision filtration step removes mechanical impurities, prevents component scratches, and further ensures the lubrication effect.

[0089] The robot oil of this invention has no corrosive components, has good compatibility with metal parts and seals, and can be widely used in core moving parts of industrial robots such as joints, harmonic reducers, ball screws, and linear guides. It can effectively reduce component wear, extend service life, improve operating accuracy, and reduce oil replacement frequency and maintenance costs.

[0090] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the embodiments of the present invention. The descriptions of the embodiments above are only for helping to understand the principles of the embodiments of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the embodiments of the present invention. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Claims

1. A robot oil, characterized in that: The product includes base oil and compound additives. The base oil is a blend of synthetic base oil and mineral base oil. The compound additives include anti-wear agents, antioxidants, detergents and dispersants, rust inhibitors, pour point depressants, and antifoaming agents. In the robot oil, the mass fraction of the base oil is 85% to 95%, and the mass fraction of the compound additives is 5% to 15%.

2. The robot oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The synthetic base oil is a compound of polyalphaolefin and ester oil, and the mineral base oil is a hydrotreated mineral oil; the mass ratio of the polyalphaolefin, ester oil and hydrotreated mineral oil is (30-50):(10-20):(30-50).

3. The robot oil according to claim 2, characterized in that: The poly-α-olefin is selected from at least one of PAO40 and PAO60; the ester oil is selected from at least one of pentaerythritol ester, diisooctyl adipate, and diisooctyl sebacate.

4. The robot oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The components of the composite additive are composed of the following mass fractions: 15%–30% anti-wear agent, 10%–20% antioxidant, 25%–40% detergent dispersant, 5%–15% rust inhibitor, 5%–10% pour point depressant, and 0.01%–0.1% antifoaming agent.

5. The robot oil according to claim 4, characterized in that: The anti-wear agent is a compound of zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate and molybdate, with a mass ratio of (2-3):1; the molybdate is selected from at least one of molybdenum dithiophosphate and molybdenum thiocarbamate.

6. The robot oil according to claim 4, characterized in that: The antioxidant is a compound of hindered phenolic antioxidant and amine antioxidant, with a mass ratio of (1-2):1; the hindered phenolic antioxidant is selected from at least one of 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol and pentaerythritol tetrakis[β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate]; the amine antioxidant is selected from at least one of diphenylamine and phenyl-α-naphthylamine.

7. The robot oil according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cleaning and dispersing agent is polyisobutylene succinimide, the rust inhibitor is sodium petroleum sulfonate, the pour point depressant is polymethyl methacrylate, and the antifoaming agent is an organosilicon antifoaming agent.

8. A method for preparing robot oil as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Base oil pretreatment: Take synthetic base oil and mineral base oil according to the mass ratio, mix them and heat to 60℃~80℃, vacuum dehydrate for 1h~2h under vacuum degree -0.08MPa~-0.09MPa, cool down to 40℃~50℃ to obtain pretreated base oil; S2: Preparation of composite additive: Take anti-wear agent, antioxidant, detergent dispersant, rust inhibitor and pour point depressant according to mass fraction, stir and mix at 40℃~50℃ and 800r / min~1000r / min for 20min~30min, add antifoaming agent and continue stirring for 5min~10min to obtain composite additive; S3: Mixing and Modulation: Add composite additives to the pretreated base oil, stir at a speed of 1000 r / min to 1500 r / min for 30 min to 60 min, heat to 70℃ to 80℃ and stir for 1 h to 2 h; S4: Post-treatment: Cool to room temperature and filter through a 5μm to 10μm precision filter to obtain robot oil.

9. The preparation method according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S1, the synthetic base oil is a compound of polyalphaolefin and ester oil. When mixing, the polyalphaolefin and ester oil are stirred and mixed for 10 min to 15 min, and then the hydrotreated mineral oil is added.

10. The preparation method according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S3, nitrogen protection is used during the heat preservation and stirring process, with a nitrogen flow rate of 0.5 L / min to 1 L / min.

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