Network access method, network access system, equipment, medium and product

Abstract

The invention discloses a network access method, a network access system, equipment, a medium and a product. The network access method is applied to a first satellite-borne base station, and comprises the following steps: in response to a received network access request sent by a ground terminal, sending an information acquisition request to ground network equipment according to the network access request; obtaining target network access information of the ground terminal; the target network access information is information obtained by the ground network equipment according to the information acquisition request; and sending a first access signal to the ground terminal according to the target network access information, so that the ground terminal accesses a satellite-borne network corresponding to the first satellite-borne base station based on the first access signal. According to the invention, the reliability of accessing the satellite-borne network by the ground terminal can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a network access method, network access system, device, medium and product. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of satellite communication technology, deploying base stations and even core network elements on satellite platforms to form onboard networks has become an important direction for expanding terrestrial communication coverage and realizing integrated space-air-ground communication. However, spaceboard platforms are limited by their physical conditions, facing significant energy supply constraints and heat dissipation challenges, making it difficult to support onboard network element equipment to operate at high power for extended periods. Therefore, designing an efficient network access mechanism in resource-constrained spaceboard environments to support reliable access to the onboard network by ground terminals has become a core challenge. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a network access method, network access system, device, medium, and product, aiming to improve the reliability of ground terminals accessing spaceborne networks.

[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a network access method applied to a first satellite-borne base station, comprising:

[0005] In response to receiving a network access request from a ground terminal, an information acquisition request is sent to the ground network equipment according to the network access request; Obtain the target network access information of the ground terminal; the target network access information is the information obtained by the ground network equipment based on the information acquisition request. Based on the target network access information, a first access signal is sent to the ground terminal so that the ground terminal can access the satellite network corresponding to the first satellite base station based on the first access signal.

[0006] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a network access method applied to terrestrial network equipment, comprising: Receive information acquisition request; the information acquisition request is determined by the first satellite-borne base station based on the network access request sent by the ground terminal; Based on the information acquisition request, obtain the target network access information of the ground terminal; Sending target network access information; the target network access information is used by the first satellite-borne base station to send a first access signal to the ground terminal, so that the ground terminal can access the satellite-borne network corresponding to the first satellite-borne base station based on the first access signal.

[0007] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a network access method applied to a ground terminal, comprising: Send a network access request; The system receives a first access signal sent by the first satellite-borne base station. The first access signal is generated by the first satellite-borne base station based on the target network access information of the ground terminal. The target network access information is information obtained by the ground network equipment according to the information acquisition request. The information acquisition request is generated by the first satellite-borne base station according to the network access request. Based on the first access signal, access is made to the satellite network corresponding to the first satellite base station.

[0008] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a network access system, including a first satellite-borne base station, terrestrial network equipment, and a ground terminal: The ground terminal sends a network access request; In response to receiving a network access request from the ground terminal, the first satellite-borne base station sends an information acquisition request to the ground network equipment according to the network access request. The terrestrial network device obtains the target network access information of the terrestrial terminal according to the information acquisition request; The first satellite-borne base station sends a first access signal to the ground terminal based on the target network access information; The ground terminal accesses the satellite network corresponding to the first satellite base station based on the first access signal.

[0009] Fifthly, embodiments of this application provide an electronic device, including: at least one processor; at least one memory for storing at least one program; and when at least one of the programs is executed by at least one of the processors, implementing the network access method as described in the first aspect, or the network access method as described in the second aspect, or the network access method as described in the third aspect.

[0010] In a sixth aspect, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions for performing the network access method as described in the first aspect, or the network access method as described in the second aspect, or the network access method as described in the third aspect.

[0011] In a seventh aspect, embodiments of this application provide a machine program product, including a computer program or computer instructions, the computer program or computer instructions being stored in a computer-readable storage medium, a processor of a communication device reading the computer program or computer instructions from the computer-readable storage medium, and the processor executing the computer program or computer instructions to cause the communication device to perform the network access method as described in the first aspect, or the network access method as described in the second aspect, or the network access method as described in the third aspect.

[0012] In this embodiment, the first satellite-borne base station, upon receiving a network access request from a ground terminal, sends an information acquisition request to the ground network equipment based on the request. This triggering mechanism eliminates the need for the first satellite-borne base station to operate at high power for extended periods; the network access process is initiated only after receiving the network access request from the ground terminal, effectively avoiding or reducing the possibility of equipment failure due to continuous high-power operation of the first satellite-borne base station. Secondly, the first satellite-borne base station obtains the target network access information of the ground terminal returned by the ground network equipment, and then sends a first access signal to the ground terminal based on this target network access information, enabling the ground terminal to access the satellite network based on the first access signal. The target network access information is provided by the ground network equipment, accurately adapting to the access verification of the ground terminal, avoiding or reducing the possibility of access failure due to incomplete information storage by the satellite-borne base station, thereby improving the reliability of the ground terminal's access to the satellite network. Attached Figure Description

[0013] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the technical solutions of this application and constitute a part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of this application to explain the technical solutions of this application and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions of this application.

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of the network access method provided in the first aspect of this application; Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the network access method provided in the second aspect of this application; Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the network access method provided in the third aspect of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an application scenario of the network access method provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating an application example of the network access method provided in this application embodiment; Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating another application example of the network access method provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 7 This is a flowchart illustrating another application example of the network access method provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 8 This is a flowchart illustrating another application example of the network access method provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 9 This is a flowchart illustrating another application example of the network access method provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 10 This is a flowchart illustrating another application example of the network access method provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 11 This is a flowchart illustrating another application example of the network access method provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0015] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0016] It should be understood that in the description of the embodiments of this application, the use of terms such as "first" and "second" is only for the purpose of distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated, or implicitly indicating the order of the technical features indicated. "At least one" refers to one or more, and "more" refers to two or more. "And / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent the existence of A alone, the simultaneous existence of A and B, or the existence of B alone. A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects are in an "or" relationship. "At least one of the following" and similar expressions refer to any group of these items, including any group of singular or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b, and c can represent: a, b, c, a and b, a and c, b and c, or a and b and c, where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0017] With the development of satellite communication technology, trials of satellite-borne base stations and core networks are progressing steadily. The industry expects ordinary mobile terminals to be able to access the satellite network and establish sessions to use communication services. Compared to transparent mode or base station-only satellite access solutions, core network access can effectively shorten session paths and reduce communication latency, better meeting service usage needs. However, the actual deployment and application of satellite networks face multiple technical bottlenecks: On the one hand, satellite network elements are limited by physical conditions such as heat dissipation and energy supply, and cannot operate at high power for extended periods. Furthermore, low-Earth orbit (LEO) communication networks require the deployment of thousands or tens of thousands of LEO satellites to achieve long-term uninterrupted coverage over a large area. Considering energy consumption and cost control, satellite network elements also need to be miniaturized as much as possible, which urgently requires energy-saving and on-demand technologies for satellite network elements. On the other hand, the coverage of LEO satellites is limited, and users need to support registration and session switching between different satellite core networks during mobile operations, but currently there is no relevant technology to support this requirement.

[0018] Current network access technologies suffer from significant compatibility issues. In terrestrial communication solutions, the Unified Data Management (UDM) element records all user subscription information. User registration and session creation require communication between the visited domain element and the home domain element, and users must select the cell with the strongest signal by detecting the base station's transmitted signal. If this technology is directly applied to satellite-based base stations and core networks, to meet the needs of numerous ordinary users accessing the satellite network, all beams of the satellite-based base station must continuously transmit signals to the ground, and the satellite-based UDM must store information on all users registered for satellite services. However, in reality, satellite-based base stations are limited by power supply and heat dissipation, making it impossible to meet the requirement of continuous signal transmission from all beams; furthermore, satellite network elements have capacity limitations, making it difficult to store information on all satellite service users, directly limiting the number of users who can log in to satellite services. Furthermore, in terrestrial communication solutions, a user belongs to only one terrestrial core network, without involving user access, registration, or session switching between different terrestrial core networks. This completely fails to meet the actual needs of users switching between different spaceborne core networks in spaceborne network scenarios, further restricting the application of spaceborne networks.

[0019] Based on this, embodiments of this application provide a network access method, network access system, device, medium, and product. A first satellite-borne base station, upon receiving a network access request from a ground terminal, sends an information acquisition request to the ground network device according to the request. This triggering mechanism eliminates the need for the first satellite-borne base station to operate at high power for extended periods; the network access process is only initiated upon receiving the network access request from the ground terminal, effectively avoiding or reducing the possibility of equipment failure due to continuous high-power operation of the first satellite-borne base station. Secondly, the first satellite-borne base station obtains the target network access information of the ground terminal returned by the ground network device, and then sends a first access signal to the ground terminal based on this target network access information, enabling the ground terminal to access the satellite network based on the first access signal. The target network access information is provided by the ground network device, accurately adapting to the access verification of the ground terminal, avoiding or reducing the possibility of access failure due to incomplete information storage by the satellite-borne base station, thereby improving the reliability of the ground terminal's access to the satellite network.

[0020] Furthermore, compared to network access methods in related technologies, this application does not require the onboard network equipment to store massive amounts of user data from ground terminals in advance. Instead, it retrieves the target network access information of ground terminals from the ground network equipment on demand, thereby overcoming the storage capacity limitations of the onboard network equipment. Finally, regarding network handover, the network access methods in related technologies do not support session migration of ground terminals between multiple ground core networks and cannot adapt to the frequent handover issues caused by the high-speed movement of onboard network equipment. In contrast, this application achieves seamless handover between satellites in the same orbit or across orbits by synchronizing the target network access information of ground terminals between onboard core networks.

[0021] It should be noted that the user information (including but not limited to user device information, user personal information, etc.) and data (including but not limited to data used for analysis, data stored, data displayed, etc.) involved in this application are all information and data authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties, and the collection, use and processing of related data must comply with relevant regulations. The acquisition, storage, use and processing of data in the technical solution of this application all comply with the relevant provisions of national laws and regulations.

[0022] The network access method provided in the first aspect of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and through some embodiments and application scenarios.

[0023] See Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of the network access method provided in the first aspect of this application.

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, the network access method is applied to the first satellite-borne base station, and the method includes, but is not limited to, the following steps: S101, in response to receiving a network access request sent by a ground terminal, send an information acquisition request to the ground network device according to the network access request; S102, Obtain the target network access information of the ground terminal; the target network access information is information obtained by the ground network device according to the information acquisition request; S103, according to the target network access information, a first access signal is sent to the ground terminal so that the ground terminal can access the satellite network corresponding to the first satellite base station based on the first access signal.

[0025] The following is a detailed description of S101-S103.

[0026] In S101, the first satellite-borne base station is a satellite-borne network access device deployed on a satellite platform. The first satellite-borne base station can be an independent satellite-borne base station entity carried by a low-orbit satellite, or it can be integrated with the satellite-borne core network and deployed on the same satellite.

[0027] Ground terminals are user equipment located on the ground and equipped with satellite communication capabilities, including but not limited to smartphones, tablets, portable communication terminals, vehicle-mounted communication devices, and emergency communication terminals that support satellite network access. Ground terminals can actively detect whether they can access the terrestrial network. When they cannot access the terrestrial network or need to use satellite services, they send a network access request to the satellite network to apply for access to the satellite network and obtain mobile communication services.

[0028] A network access request is a signal or message sent by a ground terminal to the first satellite-based base station to request access to the satellite network. The network access request may carry key information about the ground terminal, such as the terminal identifier, supported communication frequency bands, and service requirements for accessing the satellite network. Network access requests are sent automatically when the ground terminal cannot access the ground network, and proactively when the ground terminal wants to use a specific satellite service.

[0029] The terrestrial network equipment is a cluster of core network equipment deployed on the ground side, including multiple functional network elements such as UDM, Authentication Server Function (AUSF), Policy Control Function (PCF), Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF), Session Management Function (SMF), User Plane Function (UPF), and Network Repository Function (NRF). In this application, the terrestrial network equipment acts as the storage and management center for core user data. It does not need to synchronize massive amounts of user information to the spaceborne side. Only upon receiving information retrieval requests from the spaceborne side does it provide the network access information of the target user as needed. This ensures the accuracy of access verification and adapts to the limited storage capacity of the spaceborne network elements.

[0030] An information retrieval request is a message sent by the first satellite-borne base station to the ground network equipment after receiving a network access request from a ground terminal. This request is used to obtain the core data required for the ground terminal to access the satellite network. The first satellite-borne base station generates this request based on the ground terminal's network access request and may include the terminal identifier, the type of network access information required (such as user subscription information, authentication information, policy information, etc.), and relevant status information of the first satellite-borne base station. Its core purpose is to clearly define the target and scope of the request to the ground network equipment, enabling the ground network equipment to accurately query and return the corresponding network access information.

[0031] Optionally, in one feasible implementation of this application, the first satellite-borne base station has established a pre-configured association with at least one specific satellite-borne core network element during hardware deployment or network planning. When the first satellite-borne base station receives a network access request from a ground terminal, it extracts the ground terminal identifier. Subsequently, the first satellite-borne base station does not communicate directly with the ground network equipment, but instead forwards the network access request and related parsing information directly to the pre-associated satellite-borne core network element through an internal interface or a pre-defined inter-satellite signaling link. Upon receiving the network access request, the satellite-borne core network element generates an information acquisition request and sends it to the corresponding ground network element in the ground network equipment through a dedicated signaling channel.

[0032] In S102, the target network access information is a set of data that supports the ground terminal's access to the satellite network. The target network access information may include user subscription information (such as the satellite communication service permissions and service levels activated by the ground terminal), authentication information (such as identity verification credentials and security encryption parameters), and policy information (such as access control policies). It serves as the basis for the first satellite base station to determine whether the ground terminal is qualified for access and how to send a valid access signal to the ground terminal.

[0033] Optionally, in one feasible implementation of this application, in S101, the first satellite-borne base station sends the information acquisition request to its associated satellite-borne core network, which then interacts with the ground network equipment on its behalf. After the ground network equipment processes the information acquisition request and generates target network access information, it sends it back to the requesting satellite-borne core network. Subsequently, the satellite-borne core network forwards it to the first satellite-borne base station via an inter-satellite link.

[0034] In other implementations, the first satellite-borne base station may integrate some core network functions or be authorized to directly establish secure signaling connections with terrestrial network equipment. In S101, the base station directly sends an information acquisition request to the terrestrial network equipment. Therefore, S102 is a direct process of active reception and processing. After sending the information acquisition request, the first satellite-borne base station will directly listen for response messages from the terrestrial network equipment. When the response arrives, the first satellite-borne base station directly parses the response message and extracts the target network access information from it.

[0035] In S103, the first access signal is a communication signal generated by the first satellite-borne base station based on the target network access information and sent to the ground terminal. The generation of the first access signal is based on the target network access information, such as determining the service level of the signal according to the user's subscription information and configuring the security encryption method of the signal according to the authentication information. It is the direct technical carrier for the ground terminal to establish a communication connection with the first satellite-borne base station and access the satellite network.

[0036] Spaceborne networks are mobile communication networks built using satellite platforms as deployment carriers. They can be independent communication networks formed by a single satellite carrying base stations, core networks, and other network elements, or wide-area coverage networks formed by multiple low-Earth orbit satellites working together. Their core components include satellite-borne base stations, satellite-borne core networks, and other key network elements. Data exchange between satellites is achieved through inter-satellite links, and communication connections with the ground core network and ground terminals are established through satellite-to-ground links. Spaceborne networks can overcome the coverage limitations of terrestrial communication networks, providing mobile communication services to remote areas and emergency scenarios.

[0037] Optionally, in one feasible implementation of this application, the network access information includes the authorized access level of the ground terminal, the allowed carrier frequency band, priority policy, and possible quality of service parameters. Based on this information and its own real-time status (such as the load status of each beam), the first satellite-borne base station selects a beam with a relatively light load and pointing towards the terminal from multiple available beams, and determines the specific transmit power level to be used on that beam.

[0038] Subsequently, the first satellite-borne base station generates a first access signal based on these selected parameters. The first access signal carries the resource configuration information and security verification information required for the ground terminal to access the satellite network. Finally, the first satellite-borne base station transmits the signal directionally to the area where the ground terminal is located through the corresponding radio frequency link and antenna beam.

[0039] After receiving the first access signal, the ground terminal parses the resource configuration and security verification information in it, completes the synchronization calibration and identity authentication with the first satellite base station, and then initiates a connection request according to the frequency band specified by the signal, establishes a communication link with the first satellite base station, and successfully accesses the corresponding satellite network.

[0040] In one embodiment, sending an information acquisition request to the terrestrial network device according to the network access request includes: Based on the network access request, the information acquisition request is sent to the ground network device through the spaceborne core network associated with the first spaceborne base station.

[0041] Optionally, in this embodiment of the application, the satellite core network associated with the first satellite base station is a set of satellite network core devices deployed on the satellite platform, which have pre-established a communication connection with the first satellite base station and provide communication function support. Specifically, it may include AMF, SMF, UDM, AUSF, PCF, UPF, and NRF corresponding to the satellite side.

[0042] The satellite-borne core network can be either an integrated core network module deployed on a single satellite in conjunction with the first satellite-borne base station, or an independent satellite-borne core network entity interconnected with the first satellite-borne base station via inter-satellite links.

[0043] It should be noted that the first satellite-borne base station here includes one or more base stations. In the network, one satellite-borne base station can access multiple satellite-borne core networks, and one satellite-borne core network can also manage and support multiple satellite-borne base stations.

[0044] Optionally, in one specific implementation of this application, after receiving a network access request from a ground terminal, the first satellite-borne base station first parses the terminal identifier, access service type, and other information contained in the network access request, and simultaneously confirms the connection status of its pre-associated satellite-borne core network. Subsequently, the first satellite-borne base station selects an associated satellite-borne core network with an established stable communication link as a forwarding carrier, integrates the parsed information with its own base station identifier, access request reception time, and other content, and encapsulates it into an information acquisition request conforming to the satellite-borne core network interface protocol. Then, the first satellite-borne base station sends the information acquisition request to the associated satellite-borne core network through the satellite-side internal communication link. After receiving the request, the satellite-borne core network forwards it to the ground network equipment through the satellite-to-ground communication link.

[0045] In these alternative embodiments, by forwarding information acquisition requests through the satellite core network associated with the first satellite base station, the capabilities of the satellite core network can be leveraged to ensure stable and compliant request transmission and improve information exchange efficiency.

[0046] In one embodiment, when the first satellite-borne base station is associated with at least two satellite-borne core networks, sending the information acquisition request to the ground network device through the satellite-borne core network associated with the first satellite-borne base station according to the network access request includes: Based on the network access request, a first spaceborne core network is determined from the at least two spaceborne core networks; The information acquisition request is sent to the ground network equipment through the first spaceborne core network.

[0047] Optionally, in one specific implementation of this application, after the first satellite-borne base station receives the network access request from the ground terminal, it first parses the terminal identifier, access service type, request signal strength, and other information in the request. At the same time, it collects the status information of at least two satellite-borne core networks associated with itself in real time (including the operating status, load rate, satellite-to-ground link latency, remaining computing power, and network element coordination efficiency of each satellite-borne core network). Subsequently, the first satellite-borne base station performs a multi-dimensional comprehensive evaluation with the goal of optimizing the stability of the request transmission and the timeliness of the response.

[0048] Specifically, the first satellite-based base station first clarifies the access requirements corresponding to the terminal identifier (such as whether it is a high-priority service, the bandwidth resources required, etc.), and then judges the communication link quality between the ground terminal and itself by the signal strength (the stronger the signal, the more stable the link). Next, these two pieces of information are compared one by one with the status information of each associated satellite-based core network (whether the operating status is normal, the current load rate, and the satellite-to-ground link latency). For example, high-priority services are preferentially matched with satellite-based core networks with "satellite-to-ground link latency ≤ 50ms and load rate < 30%", while requiring the link between the satellite-based core network and the first satellite-based base station to be compatible with the current signal strength (if the signal is weak, a satellite-based core network with strong anti-interference capability is selected). Each satellite-based core network is scored (demand matching degree + link compatibility degree), and finally the satellite-based core network with the highest comprehensive score is selected as the first satellite-based core network.

[0049] Next, the first satellite-borne base station encapsulates the parsed key terminal information and access request content into a standardized format and generates an information acquisition request. Finally, it sends the information acquisition request to the designated first satellite-borne core network through the communication link, and the first satellite-borne core network forwards it to the ground network equipment through the satellite-to-ground communication link.

[0050] In these alternative embodiments, when the first satellite base station is associated with at least two satellite core networks, the first satellite core network forwarding request can be accurately filtered in combination with the network access request. This can make full use of the resources of multiple satellite core networks, avoid excessive load on a single satellite core network, reduce transmission latency, and improve the stability of request transmission.

[0051] In one embodiment, the step of responding to receiving a network access request from a ground terminal and sending an information acquisition request to a ground network device according to the network access request includes: In response to receiving the network access request sent by the ground terminal, determine at least one type of network access information that supports the ground terminal to access the spaceborne network; Based on the at least one network access information type, an information matching operation is performed to obtain a matching result, wherein the matching result is used to indicate whether network access information corresponding to the target network access information type is matched in the spaceborne core network associated with the first spaceborne base station; the target network access information is the network access information corresponding to the target network access information type. In response to the matching result indicating that no network access information corresponding to the target network access information type was matched, the information acquisition request is sent to the ground network device through the spaceborne core network associated with the first spaceborne base station, according to the target network access information type.

[0052] Optionally, in this embodiment of the application, at least one type of network access information that supports ground terminals accessing the satellite network refers to the classification of various core data required for ground terminals to successfully access the satellite network, specifically including user subscription information type, authentication information type, policy information type, etc. These information types are necessary prerequisites for ground terminals to access the satellite network in a compliant and stable manner.

[0053] Information matching refers to the targeted data query and comparison process initiated by the first satellite-borne base station after determining the required network access information type. Specifically, the first satellite-borne base station will search its associated satellite-borne core network for the existence of network access information of the corresponding type based on at least one determined network access information type.

[0054] It should be noted that if the first satellite-borne base station is associated with multiple satellite-borne core networks, and each satellite-borne core network may store different types of network access information, the first satellite-borne base station will, based on at least one determined network access information type, retrieve the stored data of each associated satellite-borne core network, and compare the retrieval results of each satellite-borne core network with the required information type one by one. Alternatively, it can first select the first satellite-borne core network from which the final information retrieval request will be sent, and only verify whether this first satellite-borne core network stores complete and valid information; or it can collect the matching data from all satellite-borne core networks, summarize it, and determine whether it covers all required types. If there are still missing types, then based on the missing target information type, the information retrieval request will be sent to the ground network equipment through the finally determined first satellite-borne core network.

[0055] The information matching result is the output conclusion after the information matching operation is executed. It is used to determine whether the network access information corresponding to the target network access information type is matched in the spaceborne core network associated with the first satellite base station. There are only two possible results: one is "matched", that is, there is already valid network access information of the target type in the spaceborne core network, and there is no need to request it from the ground network equipment; the other is "not matched", that is, there is a lack of network access information of the target type in the spaceborne core network, and a further request needs to be initiated from the ground network equipment to obtain it.

[0056] The target network access information type is the information type whose corresponding data is not stored in the onboard core network, selected from at least one network access information type that supports terminal access. In other words, after information matching, if some network access information types have no corresponding data in the onboard core network, the information type corresponding to these missing data is the target network access information type.

[0057] Optionally, in a specific implementation of this application, when the first satellite-borne base station receives a network access request from a ground terminal, it does not immediately initiate a request to the ground network equipment. The first satellite-borne base station parses the network access request to determine the "network access information type" necessary to complete the access process. Subsequently, it performs an "information matching operation" in the local storage or cache database of the satellite-borne core network associated with the first satellite-borne base station.

[0058] If the matching result indicates that all network access information types required for the ground terminal to access the network can be found in the local storage of the onboard core network (for example, if the user has previously accessed a neighboring satellite, their subscription and policy information has been cached there through inter-satellite synchronization), then the local information is considered complete. In this case, the step of "sending an information acquisition request to the ground network equipment" will be completely skipped. The first onboard base station will directly use the complete information matched locally for subsequent access procedures.

[0059] If the matching results indicate that some or all of the required information types (i.e., "target network access information types") are not found in local storage (e.g., this is the user's first attempt to access the onboard network, or some policy information has expired), then information is considered missing. Only in this case will the action of "sending an information retrieval request to the ground network device" be triggered. Based on the missing "target network access information type," a targeted information retrieval request is generated and sent to the ground network device via the onboard core network to request the missing information.

[0060] In these alternative embodiments, the type of network access information required for ground terminal access is first determined and a matching operation is performed. If a match is found, there is no need to send an information acquisition request to the ground network equipment. If no match is found, the request is sent specifically. This avoids redundant requests, reduces the load on satellite-to-ground communication and ground network equipment, and can accurately acquire missing information, thereby improving the efficiency and stability of terminal access to the satellite network.

[0061] In one embodiment, after sending a first access signal to the ground terminal based on the target network access information, so that the ground terminal can access the satellite network corresponding to the first satellite base station based on the first access signal, the method further includes: When the ground terminal accesses the first satellite-borne base station, at least one associated satellite-borne base station is identified that is associated with the first satellite-borne base station. Based on the signal measurement information of the ground terminal from the at least one associated satellite-borne base station, a second satellite-borne base station is determined among the at least one associated satellite-borne base station. The ground terminal is accessed through the second satellite-borne base station.

[0062] Optionally, in this embodiment, an associated satellite-borne base station refers to another satellite-borne base station that has a preset association with the first satellite-borne base station, and is a cooperative communication node of the first satellite-borne base station. This association is determined based on the satellite network topology planning and may be established due to complementary coverage areas, inter-satellite link connectivity, or service collaboration requirements. An associated satellite-borne base station may be a satellite base station located in the same orbit as the first satellite-borne base station and adjacent to it, or it may be a satellite base station in a different orbit whose coverage area overlaps with or is adjacent to the coverage area of ​​the first satellite-borne base station during a specific time period.

[0063] Signal measurement information refers to the communication signal data collected by the associated satellite-based base stations from ground terminals accessing the first satellite-based base station. This data may include parameters such as signal strength, signal quality, transmission delay, and signal-to-noise ratio of the signals received by the ground terminal from the associated satellite-based base stations. Signal measurement information objectively reflects the communication link status between the ground terminal and each associated satellite-based base station, serving as the basis for determining whether the ground terminal is suitable for switching to other satellite-based base stations and ensuring access continuity.

[0064] Optionally, in the specific implementation of this application, after the ground terminal successfully accesses the first satellite-borne base station, the first satellite-borne base station first determines at least one associated satellite-borne base station that has an inter-satellite link connection with it and whose coverage area is adjacent or overlaps with its own, based on the satellite network topology planning (such as orbital layout and coverage area correlation). Each associated satellite-borne base station monitors the signal of the ground terminal in real time, collects signal measurement information such as signal strength, transmission delay, and signal-to-noise ratio, and feeds it back to the first satellite-borne base station. Subsequently, the second satellite-borne base station is selected through various methods including but not limited to the following: 1. Directly select the associated base station with the highest signal strength that exceeds the preset threshold as the second satellite base station. If there are multiple base stations, the base station with the better signal-to-noise ratio shall be selected first. 2. Combining the ground terminal's movement trend with the orbital operation trend of the associated base station, select the base station with the most stable coverage and the least signal attenuation in the future as the second satellite-borne base station; 3. Assign weights to signal strength, transmission delay, base station load rate, and inter-satellite link stability, score each associated base station, and select the associated base station with the highest total score as the second satellite-borne base station; After the second satellite-borne base station is determined, the first satellite-borne base station synchronizes the target network access information of the ground terminal to the second satellite-borne base station, and the ground terminal is connected to the satellite network through the second satellite-borne base station.

[0065] In these alternative embodiments, by identifying associated satellite-borne base stations and selecting a second satellite-borne base station based on signal measurement information, ground terminals can flexibly switch between satellite-borne base stations to adapt to scenarios of satellite movement and terminal position changes; this ensures communication continuity while allowing selection of base stations with optimal communication conditions, reducing transmission latency and improving signal quality.

[0066] In one embodiment, the signal measurement information includes a first signal strength of the detection signal received by the associated satellite-borne base station; the detection signal is transmitted by the ground terminal. The step of determining a second satellite-borne base station from among the at least one associated satellite-borne base stations based on signal measurement information of the ground terminal from the at least one associated satellite-borne base station includes: The second satellite-based base station is determined from the at least one associated satellite-based base station according to at least one of the following: The first signal strength corresponding to each of the associated satellite-borne base stations; The first movement trend of the first satellite-borne base station; The second movement trend of each of the associated satellite-borne base stations.

[0067] Optionally, in this embodiment, the detection signal is a status monitoring signal periodically sent to the satellite network by the ground terminal after it accesses the first satellite-borne base station. The detection signal may include data such as terminal identifier, signal strength, and transmission delay.

[0068] The first movement trend refers to the movement trend of the first satellite-borne base station currently providing access services to ground terminals, determined by data such as satellite orbital parameters, operating speed, and orbital orientation. Since the satellite-borne base station moves with the satellite, its coverage area constantly changes with the satellite's movement. This trend reflects the future location changes of the first satellite-borne base station over a period of time, such as whether it is about to leave the area where the ground terminals are located.

[0069] The second motion trend refers to the motion change trend of each associated satellite-based base station linked to the first satellite-based base station. It is also determined based on data such as satellite orbit parameters, speed, and orientation. Its core function is to compare the second motion trend with the first motion trend and the terminal's motion status to determine whether the associated satellite-based base stations can continue to cover the ground terminal and provide more stable communication services. For example, if the motion direction of an associated base station is consistent with the motion direction of the ground terminal, its second motion trend is more suitable for the subsequent communication needs of the ground terminal.

[0070] Alternatively, this application may include, but is not limited to, the following implementation methods when determining the second satellite-borne base station: 1. Selection based solely on the first signal strength: Select the associated satellite base stations whose first signal strength is higher than the preset signal strength threshold from all associated satellite base stations; if multiple such satellite base stations exist, directly select the associated satellite base station with the highest first signal strength as the second satellite base station.

[0071] 2. Selection based solely on the first mobility trend: If the first mobility trend indicates that the first satellite-based base station will be unable to cover the ground terminal within the next minute, then the satellite-based base station whose coverage overlaps with the area where the ground terminal is located for the longest time will be selected from the associated satellite-based base stations as the second satellite-based base station; if the coverage of the first satellite-based base station is stable, then no switching is required.

[0072] 3. Selection based solely on the second movement trend: First, the coverage area change trajectory over a future period is estimated by using the second movement trend of the associated satellite-borne base stations. Then, combined with the current location and movement direction of the ground terminal, associated satellite-borne base stations whose future coverage area can continuously include the location of the ground terminal are selected. The associated satellite-borne base station with the longest coverage overlap time and the smallest deviation between the center of the coverage area and the expected location of the ground terminal is preferentially selected as the second satellite-borne base station.

[0073] 4. First signal strength + second mobility trend: The matching degree between the first signal strength and the second mobility trend is scored. The higher the signal strength and the better the mobility trend matches the ground terminal, the higher the score. After calculating the total score for all associated satellite base stations, the associated satellite base station with the highest total score is selected as the second satellite base station.

[0074] 5. First Mobility Trend + Second Mobility Trend: If the first mobility trend indicates that the first satellite-borne base station is about to lose connection, select the satellite-borne base station from the associated satellite-borne base stations whose second mobility trend is consistent with the movement direction of the ground terminal and can continuously cover the ground terminal as the second satellite-borne base station.

[0075] 6. Conduct a comprehensive evaluation by combining the first signal strength, the first motion trend, and the second motion trend: First, set weights and quantify and score the data of each dimension; after calculating the comprehensive score of all associated satellite-borne base stations, select the associated satellite-borne base station with the highest total score as the second satellite-borne base station.

[0076] In these optional embodiments, selection of a second satellite-based base station is supported based on at least one of a first signal strength, a first motion trend, and a second motion trend, adapting to the diverse needs of satellite-based networks. Single-dimensional selection is efficient and direct, while combined dimensions can comprehensively ensure communication quality and continuity, adapting to satellite motion characteristics and matching terminal communication needs, thus reducing the risk of handover interruptions.

[0077] In one embodiment, accessing the ground terminal via the second satellite-borne base station includes: The target network access information is synchronized to the second satellite-based base station, so that the second satellite-based base station transmits a second access signal to the ground terminal, thereby connecting the ground terminal to the second satellite-based base station; the second access signal is generated based on the target network access information.

[0078] Optionally, in one specific implementation of this application, after the second satellite-borne base station is determined, the first satellite-borne base station or its associated satellite-borne core network initiates an information synchronization process to fully synchronize the target network access information to the second satellite-borne base station through inter-satellite links, ensuring that the second satellite-borne base station has the data required for ground terminal access.

[0079] After receiving and verifying the integrity of the information, the second satellite-based base station generates a second access signal based on the target network access information. Subsequently, the second satellite-based base station selects an appropriate beam and transmit power according to the generated second access signal and transmits it to the area where the ground terminal is located. Upon receiving the second access signal, the ground terminal completes identity verification through the authentication identifier in the signal, establishes a communication connection with the second satellite-based base station based on the frequency band, bandwidth, and other parameters configured in the signal, disconnects the original connection with the first satellite-based base station, and successfully accesses the second satellite-based base station, ensuring uninterrupted communication and stable service quality during the handover process.

[0080] In these alternative embodiments, synchronizing target network access information can ensure that ground terminals can access the network quickly and smoothly; there is no need to repeatedly request information from the ground core network, thus reducing latency and network load.

[0081] In one embodiment, accessing the ground terminal via the second satellite-borne base station includes: The satellite core network associated with the first satellite base station is controlled to synchronize the session information between the first satellite base station and the ground terminal to the second satellite base station, so that the second satellite base station can conduct a session with the ground terminal based on the session information.

[0082] Optionally, in one specific implementation of this application, after the second satellite-borne base station is determined, the first satellite-borne base station sends a session synchronization command to its associated satellite-borne core network, specifying the ground terminal identifier and session association information to be synchronized. The satellite-borne core network then extracts the complete session information of the ground terminal, including the session identifier, Quality of Service (QoS) configuration parameters, data transmission link information, etc., and initiates synchronization transmission to the second satellite-borne base station and its associated satellite-borne core network through the inter-satellite link. After receiving the session information, the second satellite-borne base station first verifies the integrity and validity of the data. After confirming that there are no missing or incorrect data, it establishes a session association with the ground terminal based on the session identifier, using the parameters of the original session without renegotiating the session parameters. At the same time, the second satellite-borne base station sends a session continuation notification to the ground terminal. After the ground terminal responds, it establishes a data transmission link with the second satellite-borne base station, seamlessly accessing the session link of the second satellite-borne base station while disconnecting the session connection with the first satellite-borne base station, ensuring continuous transmission of voice, data, and other services.

[0083] In these alternative embodiments, by synchronizing session information through the onboard core network, the second onboard base station does not need to re-establish the session, ensuring seamless service continuity after the ground terminal handover; avoiding repeated interactions and reducing latency.

[0084] In one embodiment, after controlling the ground terminal to access the second satellite-borne base station, the method further includes: The system sends handover information for the ground terminal to access the second satellite-borne base station to the ground network equipment; the handover information includes the base station identifier of the second satellite-borne base station.

[0085] Optionally, in this embodiment, the handover information is information sent by the spaceborne network (such as the spaceborne core network associated with the second spaceborne base station or the spaceborne core network associated with the first spaceborne base station) to the ground network equipment after the ground terminal successfully switches from the first spaceborne base station to the second spaceborne base station. This information is used to synchronize the change in the access status of the ground terminal. The handover information may include the base station identifier of the second spaceborne base station, and may also include the ground terminal identifier, the handover completion time, and the identifier of the original first spaceborne base station, depending on actual needs. The purpose is to enable the ground network equipment to update the access ownership information of the ground terminal in real time, ensuring that subsequent paging, subscription information change synchronization, service scheduling, and other operations can accurately point to the second spaceborne base station, thus ensuring the consistency of space-ground network coordination.

[0086] In these alternative embodiments, synchronizing the information to the ground network equipment enables the ground network equipment to update the terminal access affiliation in real time, ensuring the accurate execution of subsequent paging, subscription information changes and other operations, maintaining the consistency of satellite-ground network collaboration and improving communication reliability.

[0087] The network access method provided in the second aspect of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and through some embodiments and application scenarios.

[0088] See Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the network access method provided in the second aspect of this application.

[0089] like Figure 2 As shown, the network access method is applied to terrestrial network equipment, and the method includes, but is not limited to, the following steps: S201, Receive information acquisition request; the information acquisition request is determined by the first satellite-borne base station based on the network access request sent by the ground terminal; S202, according to the information acquisition request, acquire the target network access information of the ground terminal; S203, send the target network access information; the target network access information is used by the first satellite-borne base station to send a first access signal to the ground terminal, so that the ground terminal can access the satellite-borne network corresponding to the first satellite-borne base station based on the first access signal.

[0090] The explanations of the relevant terms can be found in the explanations of the foregoing embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0091] In this embodiment, the first satellite-borne base station, upon receiving a network access request from a ground terminal, sends an information acquisition request to the ground network equipment based on the request. This triggering mechanism eliminates the need for the first satellite-borne base station to operate at high power for extended periods; the network access process is initiated only after receiving the network access request from the ground terminal, effectively avoiding or reducing the possibility of equipment failure due to continuous high-power operation of the first satellite-borne base station. Secondly, the first satellite-borne base station obtains the target network access information of the ground terminal returned by the ground network equipment, and then sends a first access signal to the ground terminal based on this target network access information, enabling the ground terminal to access the satellite network based on the first access signal. The target network access information is provided by the ground network equipment, accurately adapting to the access verification of the ground terminal, avoiding or reducing the possibility of access failure due to incomplete information storage by the satellite-borne base station, thereby improving the reliability of the ground terminal's access to the satellite network.

[0092] In one embodiment, the receiving information acquisition request includes: Receive information acquisition requests from multiple onboard core networks; Sending the target network access information includes: Based on the information acquisition requests sent by each of the aforementioned spaceborne core networks, a second spaceborne core network is determined from the plurality of spaceborne core networks; The target network access information is sent to the second spaceborne core network, so that the second spaceborne core network sends the target network access information to the first spaceborne base station; the first spaceborne base station is associated with the second spaceborne core network.

[0093] Optionally, in one specific implementation of this application, after a ground terminal sends a network access request, multiple satellite-based base stations may simultaneously receive the request due to potential overlap in their coverage areas. Since each satellite-based base station is associated with a corresponding satellite-based core network, these associated core networks will each send an information acquisition request to the ground network device. After receiving requests from all satellite-based core networks, the ground network device determines the second satellite-based core network. Subsequently, the ground network device only sends the target network access information to the second satellite-based core network. Upon receiving this information, the second satellite-based core network synchronizes it to its associated first satellite-based base station, which then completes the network access process for the ground terminal.

[0094] Another implementation method is inter-satellite network element negotiation and decision-making: multiple satellite-based base stations and their associated core networks that receive network access requests establish communication through inter-satellite links and conduct negotiations independently. During negotiation, factors such as the terminal signal strength, resource utilization, and coverage continuity acquired by each satellite can be considered to evaluate multiple satellite-based base stations and their associated core networks, determining the optimal satellite-based base station and its corresponding core network. The evaluation method can use any sorting or scoring mechanism, and is not limited to a specific sorting method. For example, the signal strength of each satellite-based base station can be sorted from high to low, and the resource utilization of each satellite-based core network can be sorted from low to high. Alternatively, corresponding weights can be assigned to evaluation factors such as signal strength, resource utilization, and coverage continuity, and a comprehensive score can be calculated. The optimal satellite-based base station and its corresponding core network are determined based on the score or the order of arrangement. After reaching a consensus, only this core network sends an information acquisition request to the ground network equipment, avoiding resource waste caused by multiple core networks making simultaneous requests. Subsequent processes are consistent with the decision-making method of the ground network equipment, completing the network access process for the ground terminal through the selected core network and base station.

[0095] In these alternative embodiments, for multiple information acquisition requests from the spaceborne core network, the optimal second spaceborne core network is selected to send target network access information, thus avoiding resource waste; and ensuring that the ground terminal accesses the network through the adapted spaceborne base station, thereby reducing the latency of space-to-ground interaction.

[0096] In one embodiment, a spaceborne core network is associated with at least one spaceborne base station; the information acquisition request sent by the spaceborne core network includes base station signaling of each associated spaceborne base station and a second signal strength of the terminal signal received by each associated spaceborne base station; the terminal signal is sent by the ground terminal. The step of determining the second spaceborne core network from the plurality of spaceborne core networks based on the information acquisition requests sent by each of the spaceborne core networks includes: Based on the base station signaling in each of the information acquisition requests and the second signal strength in each of the information acquisition requests, a target satellite base station is determined from each of the satellite base stations associated with the plurality of satellite core networks, and the target satellite base station is determined as the first satellite base station; The satellite core network associated with the first satellite base station is identified as the second satellite core network.

[0097] Optionally, in this embodiment, the base station signaling is a set of operational and configuration data of each satellite-borne base station associated with the satellite-borne core network, contained in the information acquisition request sent by the satellite-borne core network. The base station signaling may include information such as the unique identifier of the satellite-borne base station, orbital parameters (such as orbital position and operating cycle), coverage area, supported communication frequency bands and beam configurations, current resource occupancy status (such as load rate and available bandwidth), and inter-satellite link connectivity status.

[0098] Optionally, in one specific implementation of this application, after a ground terminal's network access request is received by multiple satellite-borne base stations, each associated satellite-borne core network uniformly reports the base station signaling and second signal strength of all satellite-borne base stations that received the network access request to the ground network equipment. The ground network equipment compares all satellite-borne base stations: it selects the satellite-borne base station with the highest second signal strength; if the signal strengths are the same, it selects the satellite-borne base station with the lowest load rate in the base station signaling and that supports the frequency band required by the ground terminal as the target satellite-borne base station (i.e., the first satellite-borne base station), then determines its associated satellite-borne core network as the second satellite-borne core network, and finally sends the target network access information only to this satellite-borne core network.

[0099] In these alternative embodiments, the target satellite base station is screened by base station signaling and second signal strength, thereby determining the corresponding second satellite core network, ensuring the adaptability and efficiency of ground terminal access to the satellite network; avoiding repeated interaction of multiple core networks, and reducing the load on the satellite-ground network.

[0100] The network access method provided in the third aspect of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and through some embodiments and application scenarios.

[0101] See Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a schematic flowchart of a network access method provided in a third aspect embodiment of this application.

[0102] like Figure 3 As shown, the network access method is applied to a ground terminal, and the method includes, but is not limited to, the following steps: S301, Send a network access request; S302, receive a first access signal sent by the first satellite-borne base station, the first access signal being generated by the first satellite-borne base station based on the target network access information of the ground terminal; the target network access information is information obtained by the ground network device according to the information acquisition request, the information acquisition request being generated by the first satellite-borne base station according to the network access request. S303, based on the first access signal, access the satellite network corresponding to the first satellite base station.

[0103] The explanations of the relevant terms can be found in the explanations of the foregoing embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0104] In this embodiment, the first satellite-borne base station, upon receiving a network access request from a ground terminal, sends an information acquisition request to the ground network equipment based on the request. This triggering mechanism eliminates the need for the first satellite-borne base station to operate at high power for extended periods; the network access process is initiated only after receiving the network access request from the ground terminal, effectively avoiding or reducing the possibility of equipment failure due to continuous high-power operation of the first satellite-borne base station. Secondly, the first satellite-borne base station obtains the target network access information of the ground terminal returned by the ground network equipment, and then sends a first access signal to the ground terminal based on this target network access information, enabling the ground terminal to access the satellite network based on the first access signal. The target network access information is provided by the ground network equipment, accurately adapting to the access verification of the ground terminal, avoiding or reducing the possibility of access failure due to incomplete information storage by the satellite-borne base station, thereby improving the reliability of the ground terminal's access to the satellite network.

[0105] In one embodiment, sending the network access request includes: If the first condition is met, the network access request is sent; The first condition includes at least one of the following: The ground terminal cannot access the ground network corresponding to the ground network device. The communication quality between the ground terminal and the ground network equipment does not meet the preset quality requirements.

[0106] Optionally, in one specific implementation of this application, when the ground terminal cannot access the terrestrial network: the ground terminal continuously scans the signal frequency bands of the terrestrial network. If no terrestrial network signal is detected (e.g., in remote mountainous areas, oceans, deserts, or other terrestrial network coverage blind spots), or if multiple connection failures occur when attempting to access the terrestrial network (e.g., access request is rejected, handshake timeout), then it is determined that the first condition is met, and a network access request containing terminal identifier, supported frequency bands, and other information is automatically sent to the spaceborne network.

[0107] In another implementation, when the communication quality between the ground terminal and the ground network does not meet the preset quality requirements: the ground terminal collects core communication quality parameters in real time, including signal strength, data transmission rate, latency, packet loss rate, etc. If any parameter is lower than the preset threshold, or if the comprehensive evaluation of multiple parameters fails to meet the preset standard (such as continuous stuttering in voice calls, frequent buffering in video playback, and frequent interruption of data transmission), it is determined that the first condition is met, and a network access request containing terminal identifier, supported frequency bands, and other information is automatically sent to the spaceborne network.

[0108] In other implementations, although the ground terminal can access the terrestrial network, the communication quality is poor and does not improve over a period of time, or it frequently disconnects and reconnects after accessing the terrestrial network. In these cases, a spaceborne network access request will also be triggered. When the terminal sends the request, it will carry auxiliary information such as whether it can access the terrestrial network and the current terrestrial network communication quality parameters, so that the spaceborne network can quickly understand the status of the ground terminal and provide a basis for subsequent access adaptation.

[0109] In addition, when a ground-based end user decides to use the spaceborne network due to specific needs (such as going to an area known to have no ground network coverage or needing to use services unique to the spaceborne network), the spaceborne network access process can be triggered proactively.

[0110] In these alternative embodiments, a network access request is sent only when the terrestrial network is unavailable or the communication quality is substandard, ensuring that the ground terminal can access the spaceborne network in a timely manner when the terrestrial network is poor, thus guaranteeing communication continuity and availability.

[0111] It should be noted that the various embodiments described in this application can be combined with each other or implemented individually without conflict, and this application does not limit this.

[0112] For ease of understanding, a specific embodiment will be used as an example: like Figure 4 The diagram illustrates a spaceborne network with multiple satellite orbits and multiple satellites in the same orbit. Satellites in the same orbit support seamless service continuity for users. Satellites can serve as spaceborne base stations or spaceborne core networks. The spaceborne core network supports handover between satellites in the same orbit or across orbits as needed to accommodate satellite movement and changes in the location of ground terminals.

[0113] The spaceborne network includes spaceborne base stations and spaceborne core networks such as AMF, SMF, UDM, AUSF, PCF, UPF, NRF, etc., which can be physically integrated or separate.

[0114] The terrestrial core network (i.e., terrestrial network equipment) also includes network elements such as AMF, SMF, UDM, AUSF, PCF, UPF, and NRF, corresponding to the terrestrial side.

[0115] like Figure 5 The diagram illustrates the process by which a ground terminal initiates an access request and obtains target network access information. This process may include the following steps: Step S501: If the ground terminal cannot access the ground network or needs to use the satellite service, it sends a network access request to the satellite base station, carrying information such as the frequency band supported by the terminal and the International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI).

[0116] Step S502: After receiving the network access request, the satellite base station forwards it to the associated satellite AM.

[0117] Step S503: The onboard AMF confirms the need to obtain user information, forwards the network access request to the associated onboard AUSF / UDM / PCF, and triggers the information acquisition process.

[0118] Step S504: The spaceborne AUSF / UDM / PCF sends an information acquisition request to the ground network equipment.

[0119] Step S505: The ground network equipment returns the target network access information (subscription, authentication, and policy information) to the corresponding spaceborne AUSF / UDM / PCF according to the information acquisition request.

[0120] Step S506: The onboard AUSF / UDM / PCF synchronizes the target network access information to the onboard AMF.

[0121] Step S507: The onboard AMF then forwards the target network access information to the onboard base station, completing the pre-access information preparation.

[0122] like Figure 6 The diagram shows the process of guiding ground terminals to access the system from a satellite-based base station, which may include the following steps: Step S601: The satellite-borne base station that has obtained the target network access information selects an appropriate beam and frequency band to send access signals to the ground terminal based on the frequency band supported by the ground terminal and its own resources.

[0123] Step S602: After the ground terminal scans the access signal of the satellite base station, it selects the cell corresponding to the satellite base station.

[0124] Step S603: The ground terminal establishes a wireless connection with the satellite base station and successfully accesses the satellite network, preparing for subsequent registration and session creation.

[0125] like Figure 7 The diagram illustrates the process by which a ground terminal completes registration and session creation on the satellite network, which may include the following steps: Step S701: The ground terminal that has been connected to the satellite base station initiates a registration request to the satellite AMF to request access to the satellite core network.

[0126] Step S702: After receiving the registration request, the onboard AMF forwards it to the onboard AUSF / UDM / PCF to initiate the registration and authentication process.

[0127] Step S703: The spaceborne AUSF / UDM / PCF registers and authenticates the ground terminal based on the acquired target network access information, verifying the legitimacy of the ground terminal.

[0128] Step S704: After successful authentication, the onboard AUSF / UDM / PCF completes the ground terminal registration process, obtains complete contract information, and subscribes to subsequent contract information change services.

[0129] Step S705: The spaceborne AMF synchronizes the ground terminal registration information to the ground network equipment to ensure that the ground side can support subsequent paging functions.

[0130] Step S706: The onboard PCF completes the communication policy association based on the terminal subscription information and generates appropriate QoS and other policy parameters.

[0131] Step S707: The onboard AMF initiates a session creation request to the onboard SMF. The onboard SMF, in conjunction with the onboard UPF, allocates resources to the terminal and establishes a data transmission channel.

[0132] Step S708: The spaceborne AUSF / UDM / PCF retrieves the ground terminal subscription data from the ground network equipment again, confirms the consistency of the information, and issues a renewal change notification.

[0133] Step S709: The onboard AMF sends a registration completion message to the ground terminal. The ground terminal completes the registration and session creation and can use the onboard services normally.

[0134] like Figure 8 The diagram shows the process for handling changes to the contract information of the ground terminal synchronized by the spaceborne core network, which may include the following steps: Step S801: When the ground network equipment detects a change in the subscription information of the ground terminal (such as an adjustment of service permissions), it sends a user subscription information change notification to the spaceborne AUSF / UDM / PCF.

[0135] Step S802: After receiving the change notification, the onboard AUSF / UDM / PCF forwards the change content to the onboard AMF.

[0136] In step S803, the onboard AMF forwards the contract information change notification to the onboard SMF. The onboard SMF adjusts the ground terminal session resources and strategies according to the change to ensure the continuity of terminal services.

[0137] like Figure 9 The diagram shows the process by which a ground terminal completes registration and session creation on the satellite's onboard network element in orbit A: Step S901: If the ground terminal cannot access the ground network or needs to use the satellite service, it sends an access request to the satellite base station in orbit A, carrying information such as the terminal IMSI and supported frequency bands.

[0138] Step 902: The satellite base station in orbit A forwards the access request to the associated satellite AMF / SMF / UPF, triggering the registration process; the satellite AMF simultaneously sends a user information verification request to the satellite AUSF / UDM / PCF in orbit A.

[0139] In step S903, the onboard AUSF / UDM / PCF in orbit A completes the terminal legitimacy verification based on the user subscription and authentication information obtained from the ground network equipment, and sends the authentication pass result back to the onboard AMF; the onboard SMF / UPF allocates session resources to the ground terminal and creates a data transmission channel.

[0140] Step S904: The onboard AMF of Orbit A synchronizes the ground terminal registration result and session configuration information to the ground network equipment to ensure that the ground side records the current access affiliation of the terminal (onboard network element of Orbit A) and supports subsequent paging functions.

[0141] like Figure 10 The diagram illustrates the process of negotiating and determining orbit B as the target network element for handover among onboard network elements: In steps S1001 and S1002, when the ground terminal maintains a session with the satellite-borne network element in orbit A, it periodically sends a detection signal; the satellite-borne base station in orbit A continuously receives the detection signal, and at the same time, the satellite-borne base station in orbit B also detects the terminal detection signal.

[0142] Step S1003: The onboard AUSF / UDM / PCF of orbit A and orbit B establishes negotiation through inter-satellite link. Based on parameters such as signal strength and movement trend, it is determined that the onboard network element of orbit B will take over the subsequent access and session of the ground terminal.

[0143] In step S1004, the onboard AUSF / UDM / PCF of orbit A synchronizes the terminal's subscription information, authentication results, current session context, and other core data to the onboard AUSF / UDM / PCF of orbit B via the inter-satellite link to prepare information for subsequent handover.

[0144] like Figure 11 The diagram shows the complete execution process of a ground terminal switching from orbit A to orbit B: Step S1101: Based on the negotiation results, the satellite-borne base station of orbit B transmits cell coverage signals to the area where the ground terminal is located, ensuring that the ground terminal can scan the satellite-borne cell of the satellite-borne base station of orbit B.

[0145] Step S1102: After the ground terminal detects the signal of the satellite-borne base station in orbit B, it selects the satellite-borne base station cell in orbit B, triggers the handover process, and sends a handover request to the satellite-borne base station in orbit A.

[0146] Step S1103: The onboard AMF / SMF / UPF of orbit A and the onboard AMF / SMF / UPF of orbit B work together to complete the session link handover: Based on the synchronized session information, the onboard SMF / UPF of orbit B directly activates the data channel, and the ground terminal seamlessly switches to the onboard base station of orbit B without service interruption.

[0147] Step S1104: The onboard AMF of orbit B initiates a registration update process to the ground terminal. Based on the synchronized authentication information, the registration session switch is quickly completed (without needing to request authentication from the ground network equipment again).

[0148] Step S1105: The onboard AMF of orbit B completes the registration update of the ground terminal and sends a registration success message to the ground terminal. The ground terminal officially establishes the registration status of the onboard network element of orbit B.

[0149] Step S1106: The onboard AMF of Orbit B synchronizes the registration information (including the Orbit B base station identifier and session status) of the ground terminal after the handover to the ground network equipment, updates the ground terminal access ownership record on the ground side, and ensures that subsequent paging and service scheduling can accurately point to the onboard network element of Orbit B.

[0150] Optionally, in this embodiment, considering the large number of users subscribing to the satellite network but the limited actual usage time, for example, in scenarios where the terrestrial network is available and there is no need to use special satellite-borne services, priority configuration can be used to ensure that these users do not access the satellite network, thus bringing multiple advantages: satellite-borne base stations do not need to send signals to the ground in most areas and at most times, which can effectively save power and reduce temperature, thereby concentrating resources to support the access needs of mobile terminals in specific areas and time periods that do need to use the satellite network; at the same time, the satellite-borne core network does not need to store a large amount of user data, and can support the satellite service subscriptions of a large number of users without deploying a large-capacity core network; and after the satellite-borne core network obtains user information for the first time, subsequent related processes do not need to interact with the terrestrial core network, which significantly reduces network latency and network load, and can also stably support smooth switching between satellite network elements on the same or different orbits, ensuring service continuity.

[0151] This application also provides a network access system, including a first satellite-borne base station, terrestrial network equipment, and a ground terminal: The ground terminal sends a network access request; In response to receiving a network access request from the ground terminal, the first satellite-borne base station sends an information acquisition request to the ground network equipment according to the network access request. The terrestrial network device obtains the target network access information of the terrestrial terminal according to the information acquisition request; The first satellite-borne base station sends a first access signal to the ground terminal based on the target network access information; The ground terminal accesses the satellite network corresponding to the first satellite base station based on the first access signal.

[0152] This application also provides an electronic device, such as... Figure 12 As shown, the electronic device 1200 includes: One or more processors 1210; The memory 1220 stores one or more programs that, when executed by one or more processors 1210, cause the one or more processors 1210 to implement the task allocation method as described in the first aspect or the task allocation method as described in the second aspect.

[0153] Memory 1220, as a non-transitory network system, can be used to store non-transitory software programs and non-transitory computer-executable programs. Furthermore, memory 1220 may include high-speed random access memory and may also include non-transitory memory, such as at least one disk storage device, flash memory device, or other non-transitory solid-state storage device. In some embodiments, memory 1220 may optionally include remotely located memories 1220 relative to processor 1210, which can be connected to processor 1210 via a network. Examples of such networks include, but are not limited to, the Internet, intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.

[0154] The memory 1220 can be implemented as a read-only memory (ROM), static storage device, dynamic storage device, or random access memory (RAM). The memory 1220 can store the operating system and other applications. When the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this specification are implemented by software or firmware, the relevant program code is stored in the memory 1220 and is called and executed by the processor 1210.

[0155] The processor 1210 can be implemented using a general-purpose CPU (Central Processing Unit), microprocessor, application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits, and is used to execute relevant programs to implement the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0156] In some embodiments, the electronic device further includes: Input / output interfaces are used to implement information input and output; The communication interface is used to enable communication and interaction between this device and other devices. Communication can be achieved through wired means (such as USB, Ethernet cable, etc.) or wireless means (such as mobile network, WIFI, Bluetooth, etc.). The bus transmits information between various components of the device (e.g., processor 1210, memory 1220, input / output interface, and communication interface); The processor 1210, memory 1220, input / output interface, and communication interface can communicate with each other within the device via a bus.

[0157] An embodiment of this application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions for performing the task allocation method as described in the first aspect, or the task allocation method as described in the second aspect.

[0158] An embodiment of this application also provides a computer program product, including a computer program or computer instructions stored in a computer-readable storage medium. A processor of a computer device reads the computer program or computer instructions from the computer-readable storage medium and executes the computer program or computer instructions, causing the computer device to perform the task allocation method as described in the first aspect or the task allocation method as described in the second aspect.

[0159] The system architecture and application scenarios described in this application are intended to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of this application and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided in this application. Those skilled in the art will understand that as system architectures evolve and new application scenarios emerge, the technical solutions provided in this application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0160] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or some of the steps in the methods disclosed above, as well as the functional modules / units in the systems and devices, can be implemented as software, firmware, hardware, or suitable combinations thereof.

[0161] In hardware implementations, the division between functional modules / units mentioned in the above description does not necessarily correspond to the division of physical components; for example, a physical component may have multiple functions, or a function or step may be performed collaboratively by several physical components. Some or all physical components may be implemented as software executed by a processor, such as a central processing unit, digital signal processor, or microprocessor, or as hardware, or as an integrated circuit, such as an application-specific integrated circuit. Such software may be distributed on a computer-readable medium, which may include computer storage media (or non-transitory media) and communication media (or transient media). As is known to those skilled in the art, the term computer storage media includes volatile and non-volatile, removable and non-removable media implemented in any method or technology for storing information (such as computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data). Computer storage media includes, but is not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technologies, CD-ROM, digital versatile disc (DVD) or other optical disc storage, magnetic cartridges, magnetic tape, disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to store desired information and is accessible to a computer. Furthermore, as is known to those skilled in the art, communication media typically contain computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data in modulated data signals such as carrier waves or other transmission mechanisms, and may include any information delivery medium.

[0162] As used in this specification, the terms "component," "module," "system," etc., are used to refer to computer-related entities, hardware, firmware, combinations of hardware and software, software, or software in execution. For example, a component can be, but is not limited to, a process running on a processor, a processor, an object, an executable file, an execution thread, a program, or a computer. As illustrated, applications running on computing devices and computing devices can both be components. One or more components may reside in a process or execution thread, and components may be located on a single computer or distributed among two or more computers. Furthermore, these components can be executed from various computer-readable media on which various data structures are stored. Components can communicate, for example, via local or remote processes based on signals having one or more data packets (e.g., data from two components interacting with another component between a local system, a distributed system, or a network, such as the Internet interacting with other systems via signals).

[0163] The above description, with reference to the accompanying drawings, illustrates some embodiments of this application, but does not limit the scope of this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of this application shall be within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A network access method applied to a first satellite-borne base station, the method comprising: In response to receiving a network access request from a ground terminal, an information acquisition request is sent to the ground network device according to the network access request; Obtain the target network access information of the ground terminal; The target network access information is the information obtained by the terrestrial network device based on the information acquisition request; Based on the target network access information, a first access signal is sent to the ground terminal so that the ground terminal can access the satellite network corresponding to the first satellite base station based on the first access signal.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of sending an information acquisition request to the terrestrial network device according to the network access request includes: Based on the network access request, the information acquisition request is sent to the ground network device through the spaceborne core network associated with the first spaceborne base station.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, When the first satellite-borne base station is associated with at least two satellite-borne core networks, the step of sending the information acquisition request to the ground network device through the satellite-borne core network associated with the first satellite-borne base station according to the network access request includes: Based on the network access request, a first spaceborne core network is determined from the at least two spaceborne core networks; The information acquisition request is sent to the ground network equipment through the first spaceborne core network.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of responding to receiving a network access request from a ground terminal and sending an information acquisition request to the ground network device according to the network access request includes: In response to receiving the network access request sent by the ground terminal, determine at least one type of network access information that supports the ground terminal to access the spaceborne network; Based on the at least one network access information type, an information matching operation is performed to obtain a matching result, wherein the matching result is used to indicate whether network access information corresponding to the target network access information type is matched in the spaceborne core network associated with the first spaceborne base station; the target network access information is the network access information corresponding to the target network access information type. In response to the matching result indicating that no network access information corresponding to the target network access information type was matched, the information acquisition request is sent to the ground network device through the spaceborne core network associated with the first spaceborne base station, according to the target network access information type.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, After sending a first access signal to the ground terminal based on the target network access information, so that the ground terminal can access the satellite network corresponding to the first satellite base station based on the first access signal, the method further includes: When the ground terminal accesses the first satellite-borne base station, at least one associated satellite-borne base station is identified that is associated with the first satellite-borne base station. Based on the signal measurement information of the ground terminal from the at least one associated satellite-borne base station, a second satellite-borne base station is determined among the at least one associated satellite-borne base station. The ground terminal is accessed through the second satellite-borne base station.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The signal measurement information includes the first signal strength of the detection signal received by the associated satellite-borne base station; the detection signal is sent by the ground terminal. The step of determining a second satellite-borne base station from among the at least one associated satellite-borne base stations based on signal measurement information of the ground terminal from the at least one associated satellite-borne base station includes: The second satellite-based base station is determined from the at least one associated satellite-based base station according to at least one of the following: The first signal strength corresponding to each of the associated satellite-borne base stations; The first movement trend of the first satellite-borne base station; The second movement trend of each of the associated satellite-borne base stations.

7. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The access to the ground terminal via the second satellite-borne base station includes: The target network access information is synchronized to the second satellite-based base station, so that the second satellite-based base station transmits a second access signal to the ground terminal, thereby connecting the ground terminal to the second satellite-based base station; the second access signal is generated based on the target network access information.

8. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The access to the ground terminal via the second satellite-borne base station includes: The satellite core network associated with the first satellite base station is controlled to synchronize the session information between the first satellite base station and the ground terminal to the second satellite base station, so that the second satellite base station can conduct a session with the ground terminal based on the session information.

9. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, After controlling the ground terminal to access the second satellite-borne base station, the method further includes: The system sends handover information for the ground terminal to access the second satellite-borne base station to the ground network equipment; the handover information includes the base station identifier of the second satellite-borne base station.

10. A network access method applied to a terrestrial network device, the method comprising: Receive information retrieval requests; The information acquisition request is determined by the first satellite-borne base station based on the network access request sent by the ground terminal; According to the information acquisition request, the target network access information of the ground terminal is obtained; Send the target network access information; The target network access information is used by the first satellite-borne base station to send a first access signal to the ground terminal based on the target network access information, so that the ground terminal can access the satellite-borne network corresponding to the first satellite-borne base station based on the first access signal.

11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that, The received information acquisition request includes: Receive information retrieval requests from multiple onboard core networks; Sending the target network access information includes: Based on the information acquisition requests sent by each of the aforementioned spaceborne core networks, a second spaceborne core network is determined from the plurality of spaceborne core networks; The target network access information is sent to the second spaceborne core network, so that the second spaceborne core network sends the target network access information to the first spaceborne base station; the first spaceborne base station is associated with the second spaceborne core network.

12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that, A spaceborne core network is associated with at least one spaceborne base station; the information acquisition request sent by the spaceborne core network includes base station signaling of each associated spaceborne base station and a second signal strength of the terminal signal received by each associated spaceborne base station; the terminal signal is sent by the ground terminal; The step of determining the second spaceborne core network from the plurality of spaceborne core networks based on the information acquisition requests sent by each of the spaceborne core networks includes: Based on the base station signaling in each of the information acquisition requests and the second signal strength in each of the information acquisition requests, a target satellite base station is determined from each of the satellite base stations associated with the plurality of satellite core networks, and the target satellite base station is determined as the first satellite base station; The satellite core network associated with the first satellite base station is identified as the second satellite core network.

13. A network access method applied to a ground terminal, the method comprising: Send a network access request; The system receives a first access signal sent by a first satellite-borne base station. The first access signal is generated by the first satellite-borne base station based on the target network access information of the ground terminal. The target network access information is information obtained by the ground network device according to an information acquisition request. The information acquisition request is generated by the first satellite-borne base station according to the network access request. Based on the first access signal, access is made to the satellite network corresponding to the first satellite base station.

14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that, Sending the network access request includes: If the first condition is met, the network access request is sent; The first condition includes at least one of the following: The ground terminal cannot access the ground network corresponding to the ground network device. The communication quality between the ground terminal and the ground network equipment does not meet the preset quality requirements.

15. A network access system, the system comprising a first satellite-borne base station, terrestrial network equipment, and a ground terminal: The ground terminal sends a network access request; In response to receiving a network access request from the ground terminal, the first satellite-borne base station sends an information acquisition request to the ground network equipment according to the network access request. The terrestrial network device obtains the target network access information of the terrestrial terminal according to the information acquisition request; The first satellite-borne base station sends a first access signal to the ground terminal based on the target network access information; The ground terminal accesses the satellite network corresponding to the first satellite base station based on the first access signal.

16. An electronic device comprising: One or more processors; A memory that stores one or more programs, which, when executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to perform the following: The network access method according to any one of claims 1-9, or the network access method according to any one of claims 10-12, or the network access method according to any one of claims 13-14.

17. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, the program being executed by a processor to perform as follows: The network access method according to any one of claims 1-9, or the network access method according to any one of claims 10-12, or the network access method according to any one of claims 13-14.

18. A computer program product comprising a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements, as follows: The network access method according to any one of claims 1-9, or the network access method according to any one of claims 10-12, or the network access method according to any one of claims 13-14.

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