Modified milk powder capable of improving visual function, learning memory and / or cognitive function as well as preparation method and application of modified milk powder

Abstract

The invention provides modified milk powder capable of improving a visual function, learning and memory and / or a cognitive function as well as a preparation method and application of the modified milk powder. The total protein content of the modified milk powder is 16.5-34 g / 100 g, the fat content of the modified milk powder is 10-35 g / 100 g, the carbohydrate content of the modified milk powder is 35-70 g / 100 g, the modified milk powder comprises sodium alginate and calcium, and the mass ratio of the sodium alginate to the calcium is (0.5-5): 1. The modified milk powder provided by the invention is helpful for improving the visual function, learning and memory and / or cognitive function.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of functional nutrient research technology, specifically to a modified milk powder that helps improve learning, memory, and / or cognitive function, as well as its preparation method and application. Background Technology

[0002] Visual function and learning / memory (cognitive) function are influenced by multiple factors, including but not limited to insufficient nutritional supply during development, imbalance of calcium homeostasis and bone-nerve axis regulation, oxidative stress and inflammation, decreased neural plasticity, sleep and psychological stress, aging, and exposure to environmental toxins. These factors can lead to a decline in contrast sensitivity, dark adaptation, spatial / working memory, and executive function by affecting signal transduction in photoreceptors and retinal ganglion cells, synaptic plasticity of the hippocampus-prefrontal loop, and neurotransmitter and ion channel homeostasis. Existing interventions often focus on a single nutrient or pathway, resulting in relatively singular targets, insufficient synergy, and limited applicability, making it difficult to achieve stable, broad-spectrum, and well-adhered improvements in visual or cognitive decline caused by multiple factors. Summary of the Invention

[0003] One object of the present invention is to provide a modified milk powder that helps to enhance and / or improve an individual's visual function, learning and memory and / or cognitive function.

[0004] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the modified milk powder.

[0005] Another object of the present invention is to provide relevant applications of the modified milk powder.

[0006] The inventors of this case have discovered that the combination of sodium alginate and calcium can effectively improve an individual's visual function, learning and memory, and cognitive function. Furthermore, sodium alginate, calcium, and casein can complement and synergistically improve an individual's visual function, learning and memory, and cognitive function, especially for visual and / or cognitive function decline caused by lead exposure, through two pathways: "alginate-calcium ion gel homeostasis" and "protein-calcium carrying / absorption promotion".

[0007] Specifically, on the one hand, the present invention provides a modified milk powder, wherein the total protein content of the modified milk powder is 16.5g~34g / 100g, the fat content is 10-35g / 100g, the carbohydrate content is 35-70g / 100g, and the modified milk powder includes sodium alginate and calcium, wherein the mass ratio of sodium alginate to calcium is (0.5-5):1.

[0008] According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, in the modified milk powder of the present invention, the mass ratio of sodium alginate to calcium is (0.8-3):1.

[0009] According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, in the modified milk powder of the present invention, the mass ratio of sodium alginate to calcium is (1.8-2.8):1.

[0010] According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, the modified milk powder of the present invention further includes casein, wherein the mass ratio of casein to calcium is (15-28):1.

[0011] According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, in the modified milk powder of the present invention, the mass ratio of casein to calcium is (19-23):1.

[0012] According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, in the modified milk powder of the present invention, the mass ratio of sodium alginate, casein and calcium is (0.8-3):(15-28):1.

[0013] According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, in the modified milk powder of the present invention, the mass ratio of sodium alginate, casein and calcium is (1.8-2.8):(19-23):1.

[0014] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the sodium alginate used in the formulated milk powder of the present invention can be a commercially available sodium alginate raw material with high purity. Preferably, the sodium alginate has a viscosity of 400-750 mPa·s at 20 degrees Celsius and a particle size of 170 mesh.

[0015] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the calcium source in the modified milk powder of the present invention may include one or more of the following: milk calcium, calcium carbonate, calcium acetate, casein calcium, calcium chloride, calcium citrate, calcium citrate, calcium malate, calcium gluconate, calcium lactate, calcium malate, calcium hydrogen phosphate, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, calcium phosphate, calcium sulfate, calcium ascorbate, and calcium glycerophosphate.

[0016] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the casein in the modified milk powder of the present invention is derived from cow's milk, goat's milk, camel's milk, buffalo milk, donkey's milk, and casein-rich raw materials processed from animal milk.

[0017] According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, the amount of sodium alginate in the modified milk powder of the present invention is 100-4000 mg / 100g, and the amount of calcium is 60-1800 mg / 100g.

[0018] According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, the amount of sodium alginate in the modified milk powder of the present invention is 100-2500 mg / 100g or 2500-4000 mg / 100g.

[0019] According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, the modified milk powder of the present invention contains sodium alginate in an amount of 150-2000 mg / 100g, for example, 150-250 mg / 100g, 250-500 mg / 100g, 500-1000 mg / 100g, 1000-1500 mg / 100g, or 1500-2000 mg / 100g. Alternatively, the modified milk powder may be prepared based on the proportion of sodium alginate in the dietary fiber energy supply of the modified milk powder being 0.01%-1%, preferably 0.02%-0.8%, 0.02%-0.5%, 0.05%-0.15%, or 0.15%-0.5%.

[0020] According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, the amount of calcium in the modified milk powder of the present invention is 60-1800 mg / 100g, for example, 60-300 mg / 100g, 300-800 mg / 100g, 800-1000 mg / 100g, 1000-1500 mg / 100g or 1500-1800 mg / 100g.

[0021] According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, the modified milk powder of the present invention contains 3-28g / 100g of casein, for example 3-5g / 100g, 5-15g / 100g, 15-25g / 100g or 25-28g / 100g.

[0022] It is understandable that, for different types of formulated milk powder, the content of various functional substances in the final product should be appropriately adjusted within the range allowed by relevant standards and regulations.

[0023] According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, the protein-providing raw materials in the modified milk powder of the present invention include one or more of raw milk, whole milk powder, skim milk powder, whey protein powder, demineralized whey powder, β-casein, etc. Specifically, based on 1000 parts by weight of the modified milk powder of the present invention, the raw materials include: 0-7000 parts of raw milk (cow / sheep), 0-260 parts of whole milk powder (cow / sheep), 0-120 parts of whey protein powder (cow / sheep), 0-500 parts of skim milk powder (cow / sheep), and / or 0-600 parts of demineralized whey powder (cow / sheep).

[0024] According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, the raw materials providing fat in the modified milk powder of the present invention include one or more of the following: raw milk, whole milk powder, light cream, corn oil, soybean oil, sunflower seed oil, 1,3-dioleoyl-2-palmitoylglycerol triglyceride, coconut oil, low-erucic acid rapeseed oil, and flaxseed oil. Specifically, based on 1000 parts by weight of the modified milk powder of the present invention, its raw materials include one or more of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0-7000 parts of raw milk (cow / sheep), 0-260 parts of whole milk powder (cow / sheep), 0-50 parts of corn oil, 0-65 parts of soybean oil, 0-100 parts of sunflower seed oil, 0-240 parts of 1,3-dioleoyl-2-palmitoylglycerol triglyceride, 0-30 parts of coconut oil, 0-85 parts of low-erucic acid rapeseed oil, and 0-20 parts of flaxseed oil.

[0025] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the raw materials providing carbohydrates in the modified milk powder of the present invention include one or more of the following: lactose-containing basic raw materials, such as milk, whole milk powder, or skim milk powder.

[0026] According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, the modified milk powder of the present invention may, in addition to the above-mentioned components, also include conventional components of modified milk, such as nutrients, dietary fiber, inositol, taurine, L-carnitine, docosahexaenoic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, lutein, and one or more of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis. Preferably, it includes a compound nutrient packet. In some preferred embodiments, the modified milk powder, converted to 1000 parts by weight of dry matter, contains 0-20 parts of nutrients in its raw materials, said nutrients including vitamins and minerals, or further selectively including dietary fiber (fructooligosaccharides, galactooligosaccharides, polyfructose, human milk oligosaccharides, etc.), inositol, taurine, L-carnitine, docosahexaenoic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, lutein, and one or more of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis. The compound nutrients mainly include: compound vitamins: vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin K1, vitamin K2, vitamin B1, niacin, folic acid, pantothenic acid, vitamin C, choline, and taurine; compound minerals: calcium, iron, zinc, and their derivatives. The source, content, and dosage of each vitamin and mineral should comply with the national standards and relevant regulations for formulated milk powder.

[0027] According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, the modified milk powder of the present invention, based on 1000 parts by weight of the product, comprises the following raw material composition:

[0028] Raw milk 1900-7000 parts by weight, demineralized whey powder 0-400 parts by weight, skim milk powder 0-400 parts by weight, whole milk powder 0-300 parts by weight, lactose 0-300 parts by weight, white sugar 0-150 parts by weight, milk mineral salts 0-5 parts by weight, anhydrous butter 0-5 parts by weight, phospholipids 0-10 parts by weight, compound vitamins 0.5-10 parts by weight, compound minerals 0.1-8 parts by weight; sodium alginate 5-50 parts by weight.

[0029] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a method for preparing the aforementioned modified milk powder, the method comprising:

[0030] The raw materials for preparing the milk powder are mixed, homogenized, concentrated and sterilized, spray-dried and dry-mixed to obtain the prepared milk powder.

[0031] According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, in the method for preparing the modified milk powder of the present invention, the homogenization after ingredient mixing adopts two-stage homogenization, with a first-stage pressure of 105±5 bar and a second-stage pressure of 32±3 bar.

[0032] According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, in the preparation method of the modified milk powder of the present invention, the temperature of the sterilization process is 90-100℃ and the sterilization time is 10-25s.

[0033] According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, in the preparation method of the modified milk powder of the present invention, the concentration and sterilization process adopts double-effect concentration; preferably, the sterilization temperature is ≥83℃ and the sterilization time is 25 seconds; more preferably, the output concentration is 48%-52% dry matter and the temperature of the concentration process is 47-55℃.

[0034] According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, in the preparation method of the modified milk powder of the present invention, during the spray drying process, the inlet air temperature is controlled at 165-180℃, the outlet air temperature is controlled at 75-90℃, the high pressure pump pressure is controlled at 160-210 bar, and the tower negative pressure is controlled at -4 mbar to -2 mbar.

[0035] On the other hand, the present invention also provides the use of the modified milk powder in the preparation of products that help enhance and / or improve an individual's visual function, learning and memory and / or cognitive function.

[0036] Specifically, the benefits of enhancing and / or improving an individual's visual function, learning and memory, and / or cognitive function include:

[0037] It helps improve visual ability;

[0038] It can help slow down or prevent the decline or deterioration of visual ability;

[0039] Enhance an individual's spatial learning, memory, and / or cognitive functions; and / or

[0040] Enhance an individual's spatial learning, memory, and / or cognitive functions.

[0041] According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, in the application of the present invention, the benefits of enhancing and / or improving an individual's visual function, learning and memory, and / or cognitive function include:

[0042] Improve the expression levels of neurodevelopmental markers in individuals, such as the number of Nissl bodies in the hippocampal CA3 region, the number of Nissl bodies in the hippocampal DC region, and glutamate receptors GRIN2A and / or GRIN2AB.

[0043] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the visual function or ability includes, but is not limited to, contrast sensitivity, dark adaptation, glare tolerance, and other capabilities.

[0044] According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, in the application of the present invention, the ability to enhance and / or improve an individual's visual function includes: the ability to enhance visual contrast sensitivity.

[0045] According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, in the application of the present invention, the improvement and / or enhancement of an individual's visual function includes the improvement of visual dark adaptation ability.

[0046] According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, in the application of the present invention, the improvement and / or enhancement of an individual's visual function includes the improvement of visual glare tolerance.

[0047] According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, the modified milk powder of the present invention can be used by people of all ages, such as children, adolescents or adults.

[0048] According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, the product may be the aforementioned modified milk powder, or a food made from the aforementioned modified milk powder as raw material, without or with the addition of other substances, through further processing.

[0049] In some specific embodiments of this invention, a growth animal model of lead exposure was constructed, and a 28-day nutritional intervention was conducted to observe the technical effect of the modified milk powder of this invention in improving the decline in visual and cognitive functions caused by lead exposure. The results showed that the combined application of a specific ratio of calcium and sodium alginate could exert a better synergistic effect, further improving the visual decline caused by lead exposure, enhancing learning, memory, and cognitive functions, and exhibiting a certain synergistic enhancement effect.

[0050] In summary, the modified milk powder containing sodium alginate and calcium provided by the present invention helps to enhance and / or improve an individual's visual function, learning and memory, and / or cognitive function. Attached Figure Description

[0051] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a visual light and dark box.

[0052] Figure 2 Displays the duration of the exposed box area for different groups.

[0053] Figure 3 This displays the number of times different groups entered the open box area.

[0054] Figure 4 This displays the number of Nissl bodies in the CA3 region of the hippocampus in different groups.

[0055] Figure 5 This displays the number of Nissl bodies in the DG region of the hippocampus in different groups.

[0056] Figure 6 The image shows the glutamate receptor GRIN2A in different groups.

[0057] Figure 7 The image shows different groups of glutamate receptor GRIN2B. Detailed Implementation

[0058] Before further describing specific embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described below; it should also be understood that the terminology used in the embodiments of the present invention is for describing specific embodiments and not for limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0059] When numerical ranges are given in the embodiments, it should be understood that, unless otherwise stated in the present invention, the two endpoints of each numerical range and any value between the two endpoints may be selected.

[0060] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art.

[0061] As used herein, the term "improved visual function" means an enhancement of visual function, including but not limited to improved visual ability, mitigation, slowing, or prevention of visual decline or deterioration, compared to the same response in the absence of the compositions of the present invention comprising sodium alginate and calcium or further comprising casein. The visual function or ability described includes, but is not limited to, abilities such as contrast sensitivity, dark adaptation, and glare tolerance. In relation to any beneficial effects on visual function or ability, the term "improved" is synonymous with "enhanced," "elevated," or "promoted." In some embodiments of the present invention, particularly in cases where an individual's visual function is impaired or threatened, the term "improvement of visual function" refers to actions that reduce, mitigate, or alleviate the degree of visual function impairment or the risk of visual function impairment or threat, including but not limited to: alleviating adverse symptoms associated with visual function impairment; slowing or preventing the onset of symptoms before they occur; slowing or halting the progression of visual function impairment; slowing or halting the deterioration of visual function impairment; slowing or halting irreversible damage in the progressive (or chronic) phase of visual function impairment; delaying the onset of (progressive) visual function impairment; reducing the severity of visual function impairment; restoring impaired visual function to normal levels; and preventing the occurrence of visual function impairment. As used herein, the term "visual function impairment" or "visual decline" refers to a decrease or deterioration in the ability of visual function to function to such an extent that it is difficult to maintain or achieve normal function without intervention. Some common signs of visual function impairment include decreased contrast sensitivity, dark adaptation, glare tolerance, etc.

[0062] As used herein, the term "enhancement of learning, memory, and / or cognitive function" means, compared to the same response in the absence of the compositions of the present invention comprising sodium alginate and calcium or further comprising casein, the ability to improve learning, memory, and / or cognitive function, including but not limited to, enhancing spatial learning and memory abilities (including spatial short-term memory, long-term memory, memory recall, and / or memory recognition), enhancing cognitive abilities, mitigating and / or delaying the decline in an individual's spatial learning, memory, and / or cognitive function, improving hippocampal neural development and synaptic function, and promoting the expression levels of neurodevelopmental markers (e.g., the number of Nissl bodies in the hippocampal CA3 region, the number of Nissl bodies in the hippocampal DC region, glutamate receptor GRIN2A, and / or glutamate receptor GRIN2AB). In relation to any beneficial effects on learning, memory, cognitive function, and neural development, the term "enhancement" is synonymous with "enhancement," "improvement," or "promotion." In some embodiments of the present invention, particularly in cases where an individual's learning, memory, and / or cognitive functions are declining or threatened, the term "improving learning, memory, and / or cognitive functions" refers to the effect of reducing, mitigating, or alleviating the degree of decline in learning, memory, and / or cognitive functions, or reducing the risk of decline or threat to learning, memory, and / or cognitive functions, including but not limited to: alleviating adverse symptoms associated with declining learning, memory, and / or cognitive functions; slowing down or preventing the onset of symptoms before they occur; slowing down or stopping the progression of declining learning, memory, and / or cognitive functions; slowing down or stopping the worsening of the degree of decline in learning, memory, and / or cognitive functions; slowing down or stopping irreversible damage in the progressive (or chronic) phase of declining learning, memory, and / or cognitive functions; delaying the onset of (progressive) decline in learning, memory, and / or cognitive functions; reducing the severity of decline in learning, memory, and / or cognitive functions; restoring declining learning, memory, and / or cognitive functions to normal levels; and preventing the occurrence of decline in learning, memory, and / or cognitive functions. The term “decline in learning, memory and / or cognitive function” as used in this article refers to a decline or deterioration in the ability to learn, remember and / or cognitive function, to the point that it is difficult to maintain or achieve normal function without intervention. Some common signs of decline in learning, memory and / or cognitive function include confusion, poor motor coordination, loss of short-term or long-term memory, identity confusion and / or impaired judgment.

[0063] As used herein, the term "individual" means any animal or human who may benefit from the products of this invention that help improve learning, memory, and / or cognitive function. Generally, when an individual is a human, it can be an infant, child, adolescent, or adult. The term "individual" refers to a human aged 0-3 years from birth, the term "child" refers to a human aged 3-15 years from birth, the term "adolescent" refers to a human aged 12-18 years from birth, and the term "adult" refers to a human aged 18 years or older from birth.

[0064] In addition to the specific methods, equipment, and materials used in the embodiments, based on the knowledge of those skilled in the art and the description of this invention, any prior art methods, equipment, and materials similar to or equivalent to those described, equipment, and materials in the embodiments of this invention can be used to implement this invention.

[0065] Unless otherwise stated, the experimental methods, detection methods and preparation methods disclosed in this invention all adopt conventional techniques in this technical field.

[0066] In all embodiments and experiments, sodium alginate, calcium, and casein used were commercially available food-grade raw materials. Unless otherwise specified, the sodium alginate, calcium, and casein mentioned in this invention are based on the effective content of the functional components sodium alginate, calcium, and casein in the raw materials.

[0067] Sodium alginate is a natural anionic polysaccharide that can form ionic gels and sustained-release carriers with divalent cations in the gastrointestinal tract, which helps in barrier regulation, metal ion complexation, and controlled-release delivery. Calcium is an important secondary messenger for visual signal transduction and synaptic transmission, participating in neurotransmitter release and maintenance of neural plasticity. Casein, as a major component of milk proteins, has a natural advantage in binding calcium / phosphorus (including CPP-like binding sites derived from casein), which is beneficial for calcium dissolution, homeostasis, and absorption, and provides amino acid substrates required for neural structure and function. For ease of evaluation, the examples in this specification use a lead exposure model to measure the technical effects; it should be understood that this model is only an experimental evaluation method, and this invention aims to address the broader need for "improving vision, learning and memory, and / or cognitive function."

[0068] Example 1

[0069] This embodiment provides a children's formulated milk powder food. The total protein content of this powdered formula food is 20.5g / 100g powder, the fat content is 13.5g / 100g powder, the carbohydrate content is 58.0g / 100g powder, the sodium alginate content is 2000mg / 100g powder, and the calcium content is 1000mg / 100g powder.

[0070] This embodiment is achieved by compounding the following raw materials in parts by weight, and the raw material composition includes (for preparation of 1000 parts by weight):

[0071] 3400 parts raw milk, 325 parts skim milk powder, 215 parts lactose, 15 parts galactooligosaccharides, 6 parts isomerized lactose solution, 2.5 parts compound vitamins, 1 part compound minerals, 5 parts calcium carbonate, and 20 parts sodium alginate.

[0072] The infant formula milk powder of this embodiment is prepared using a combined wet and dry production process, mainly including: ingredient mixing, preheating, homogenization, concentration and sterilization, and spray drying to obtain the finished product. Specifically, the homogenization after ingredient mixing uses a two-stage homogenization process, with a first-stage pressure of 105±5 bar and a second-stage pressure of 32±3 bar; the sterilization process is carried out at a temperature of 90-100℃ for 10-25 seconds; the concentration and sterilization process uses a double-effect concentration method; preferably, the sterilization temperature is ≥83℃ and the sterilization time is 25 seconds; more preferably, the output concentration is 48%-52% dry matter, and the concentration process temperature is 47-55℃; during the spray drying process, the inlet air temperature is controlled at 165-180℃, the exhaust air temperature at 75-90℃, the high-pressure pump pressure at 160-210 bar, and the tower negative pressure at -4 mbar to -2 mbar.

[0073] Testing showed that all indicators of the finished product met the standards for infant formula milk powder.

[0074] Example 2

[0075] This embodiment provides a children's formulated milk powder food. The total protein content of this powdered formula food is 20.5g / 100g powder, the fat content is 13.5g / 100g powder, the carbohydrate content is 58.0g / 100g powder, the sodium alginate content is 500mg / 100g powder, and the calcium content is 1000mg / 100g powder.

[0076] This embodiment is achieved by compounding the following raw materials in parts by weight, and the raw material composition includes (for preparation of 1000 parts by weight):

[0077] 3400 parts raw milk, 325 parts skim milk powder, 215 parts lactose, 15 parts galactooligosaccharides, 6 parts isomerized lactose solution, 2.5 parts compound vitamins, 1 part compound minerals, 5 parts calcium carbonate, and 5 parts sodium alginate.

[0078] The infant formula milk powder of this embodiment is prepared using a combined wet and dry production process, mainly including: ingredient mixing, preheating, homogenization, concentration and sterilization, and spray drying to obtain the finished product. Testing showed that all indicators of the finished product meet the standard requirements for infant formula milk powder.

[0079] Example 3

[0080] This embodiment provides a children's formulated milk powder food. The total protein content of this powdered formula food is 20.5g / 100g powder, the fat content is 13.5g / 100g powder, the carbohydrate content is 58.0g / 100g powder, the sodium alginate content is 4000mg / 100g powder, and the calcium content is 840mg / 100g powder.

[0081] This embodiment is achieved by compounding the following raw materials in parts by weight, and the raw material composition includes (for preparation of 1000 parts by weight):

[0082] 3400 parts raw milk, 325 parts skim milk powder, 215 parts lactose, 15 parts galactooligosaccharides, 6 parts isomerized lactose solution, 2.5 parts compound vitamins, 1 part compound minerals, 1 part calcium carbonate, and 40 parts sodium alginate.

[0083] The infant formula milk powder of this embodiment is prepared using a combined wet and dry production process, mainly including: ingredient mixing, preheating, homogenization, concentration and sterilization, and spray drying to obtain the finished product. Testing showed that all indicators of the finished product meet the standard requirements for infant formula milk powder.

[0084] Example 4

[0085] This embodiment provides a children's formulated milk powder food. The total protein content of this powdered formula food is 20g / 100g powder, the fat content is 18.0g / 100g powder, the carbohydrate content is 54.0g / 100g powder, the sodium alginate content is 1800mg / 100g powder, and the calcium content is 1400mg / 100g powder.

[0086] This embodiment is achieved by compounding the following raw materials in parts by weight, and the raw material composition includes (for preparation of 1000 parts by weight):

[0087] 4400 parts raw milk, 210 parts skim milk powder, 200 parts lactose, 15 parts galactooligosaccharides, 6 parts isomerized lactose solution, 2.5 parts compound vitamins, 1 part compound minerals, 15 parts calcium carbonate, and 18 parts sodium alginate.

[0088] The infant formula milk powder of this embodiment is prepared using a combined wet and dry production process, mainly including: ingredient mixing, preheating, homogenization, concentration and sterilization, and spray drying to obtain the finished product. Testing showed that all indicators of the finished product meet the standard requirements for infant formula milk powder.

[0089] Experimental study on the efficacy of sodium alginate and calcium combination in modified milk powder in improving individual visual function, learning and memory, and / or cognitive function.

[0090] In this experiment, a growth animal model of lead exposure was constructed, and a 28-day nutritional intervention was conducted to observe the technical effects of the composition described in this invention on improving visual and cognitive functions.

[0091] 1. Animal husbandry

[0092] Forty-eight three-week-old female SD rats were purchased from Beijing Speford Biotechnology Co., Ltd. and housed in the animal facility of China Agricultural University. During the experiment, the animal facility was kept quiet, clean, well-ventilated, and under suitable lighting conditions, with a 12-hour light-dark cycle, a temperature of 22 ± 1°C, and a relative humidity of 50–60%. The rats were randomly divided into four groups: a normal group (AIN93G diet), a model group (orally administered 200 mg / kg / day lead acetate, with AIN93G diet containing 2500 mg / kg calcium), a control group (lead exposure intervention group with AIN93G diet containing 5000 mg / kg calcium), and an experimental group (orally administered 200 mg / kg / day lead acetate, AIN93G diet containing 5000 mg / kg calcium, and sodium alginate 2 g / kg, with sodium alginate accounting for 0.09% of dietary energy). The diets for each group are shown in Table 1.

[0093] Table 1 Feed and intervention details for each group

[0094]

[0095] Note: In Experiment 1, the sodium alginate in the feed formulation was designed to account for 4% of dietary fiber, corresponding to a dietary energy ratio of approximately 0.09%. Under these conditions, based on the equivalence of the population diet, the mass ratio of sodium alginate to calcium can be estimated as follows: (1) According to the dietary habits of a 3-year-old girl (energy requirement 1150 kcal / d, recommended calcium intake 600 mg / d), the ratio of sodium alginate (0.54 g / d) to calcium intake is approximately 0.9:1. Considering the calcium intake of other daily diets, the ratio of sodium alginate to calcium in the modified milk powder of this invention as a nutritional supplement can be designed to be approximately 1.8:1; (2) According to the dietary habits of a 15-year-old boy (energy requirement 2950 kcal / d, recommended calcium intake 1000 mg / d), the ratio of sodium alginate (1.4 g / d) to calcium intake is approximately 14:1. Considering the calcium intake of other daily diets, the ratio of sodium alginate to calcium in the modified milk powder of this invention as a nutritional supplement can be designed to be approximately 2.8:1.

[0096] 2. Visual-Light Box Behavioral Evaluation

[0097] Taking advantage of rodents' aversion to light, their visual function was analyzed by measuring the time they spent in a brightly lit box and the number of times they entered it. Experimental equipment included... Figure 1 As shown, the experimental animal was placed in the center of a bright box, and a camera recorded its duration and trajectory within the box for 5 minutes. These metrics were then analyzed. Experimental equipment included... Figure 1 As shown.

[0098] 3. Sample collection from rats

[0099] After completing the behavioral experiment, all rats were anesthetized and euthanized. Following anesthesia, the sternum was opened to both ends, and blood was drawn from the apex of the heart using a syringe.

[0100] Sample collection for cryopreservation: A syringe was slowly inserted into the apex of the heart to inject 50 mL of physiological saline for perfusion until the rat's lungs turned white and showed no signs of congestion. The decapitated rat was placed in an icebox, and the hair was cut along the sagittal direction. The skull was carefully cut open using large shears, and the meninges surrounding the brain tissue were removed using ophthalmic forceps. The anterior third of the brain tissue was carefully selected using forceps along the sagittal direction, and then cut coronally to remove the frontal cortex, removing any excess tissue. Cortical tissue was then collected posteriorly along the sagittal direction. The hippocampus was carefully removed using forceps, and excess ash was removed from the tissue and cryopreserved in an icebox.

[0101] Obtaining the fixed sample: A syringe was slowly inserted from the apex of the heart, and 50 mL of physiological saline was injected for perfusion until the rat's lungs turned white and showed no signs of congestion. Then, 50 mL of 4% paraformaldehyde was continued until the rat was in a convulsive state. The head was then decapitated and placed in an ice box. The hair was cut along the sagittal direction, and the skull was carefully cut open with large shears. The meninges surrounding the brain tissue were removed using ophthalmic forceps. The entire brain was carefully removed and placed in 4% paraformaldehyde fixative and stored at 4°C.

[0102] 4. Preparation of tissue sections

[0103] After paraffin embedding the tissue, brain slices of 400-500 μm were cut from the hippocampus and placed on glass slides. The slides were then baked in an oven for 15 minutes. The paraffin was then washed away with xylene, 95% ethanol, 95% ethanol, 80% ethanol, 70% ethanol, and distilled water.

[0104] 5. Immunostaining experiments

[0105] The washed slides were boiled in sodium citrate antigen retrieval solution for 20 minutes for antigen retrieval. They were then permeabilized with 0.5% Triton-PBS solution and washed three times with PBS. The slides were wiped clean and placed in a humidified chamber. An immunohistochemical pen was used to streak along the tissue lines, and blocking buffer was added for 1 hour at room temperature. The blocking buffer was then removed, and the slides were incubated with primary antibody overnight at 4°C. After 30 minutes of warming, the primary antibody was recovered, and the slides were washed with PBS. Secondary antibody was incubated at room temperature for 1 hour, followed by three washes with PBS. A DAPI-containing anti-fluorescence quenching mounting medium was added, and the slides were then fixed with nail polish.

[0106] 6. Nissl staining

[0107] Fixation: The tissue was fixed in a 10% formalin solution;

[0108] Slicing: Making slices;

[0109] Dewaxing to water: sequentially passing through xylene and a gradient of alcohols to water;

[0110] Dye solution preparation: Dissolve tar purple in anhydrous alcohol, then add phosphotungstic acid aqueous solution;

[0111] Staining: Immerse the sections in the staining solution;

[0112] Color separation: Use a 5% phosphotungstic acid aqueous solution for color separation;

[0113] Dehydrated and transparent: Passed sequentially through a gradient of alcohol and xylene;

[0114] Mounting: Mount the slide with neutral resin;

[0115] 7. RNA extraction from tissue samples

[0116] Homogenization: The tissue was ground and pulverized in liquid nitrogen, and then homogenized by adding lysis buffer;

[0117] Separation: Add an equal volume of chloroform to separate the aqueous and organic phases. Centrifuge the homogenate at 12000g for 20min and collect the supernatant.

[0118] Precipitation: Wash RNA with isopropanol and 75% ethanol, then centrifuge at 12000g for 10 min;

[0119] Drying: Remove the supernatant diagonally and dry the precipitate;

[0120] Dissolve: Dissolve the RNA in RNase-free water.

[0121] 8. Statistical Methods

[0122] All data are expressed as mean ± SEM. Statistical analysis was performed using GraphPad Prism 8 software. One-way ANOVA was used to compare multiple groups, and a p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

[0123] 9. Experimental Results

[0124] See Table 2. Figure 2 and Figure 3 Rodents are known to be afraid of light sources. The model group (lead exposure + low calcium model) had the highest duration of activity in the bright box area and the highest number of times it entered the bright box area. This means that lead exposure and low calcium intake caused rats to move more frequently in the bright box area, indicating that lead exposure and low dietary calcium intake caused a decline in visual function.

[0125] Table 2

[0126]

[0127] Note: Different letters in the table indicate significant differences (P<0.05).

[0128] Compared with the model group, in Comparative Example 1, the duration of the light box area and the number of times rats entered the light box area decreased under calcium intervention, but there was no significant difference (P>0.05), indicating that calcium can improve the visual function of rats to some extent, but without significant effect.

[0129] Compared with the model group and Comparative Example 1, in Experiment 1, within the sodium alginate:calcium ratio range of (1.8-2.8):1, the duration of the bright box region and the number of times rats entered the bright box region were significantly reduced (P<0.05). Furthermore, the duration of the bright box region was similar to that of the normal group with no significant difference, while the number of times rats entered the bright box region was lower than that of the normal group (P>0.05), indicating a significant improvement in the visual function decline of the rats. This demonstrates that calcium and sodium alginate can produce a synergistic effect, achieving an unexpected protective effect on visual function.

[0130] See Table 3 and Figures 4-7 The number of Nissl bodies is an important indicator of the protein synthesis capacity of nerve cells, and glutamate receptors are an important indicator of synaptic signal transduction. To investigate the effects of sodium alginate and calcium on the protein synthesis capacity and synaptic development of hippocampal tissue, correlation analysis and mRNA expression level of Nissl bodies and NMDA-type glutamate receptors in hippocampal tissue were performed.

[0131] Table 3

[0132]

[0133] Note: Different letters in the table indicate significant differences (P<0.05).

[0134] The model group (lead exposure + low calcium model) had the lowest number of Nissl bodies and the lowest levels of glutamate receptors GRIN2A and GRIN2B. This indicates that lead exposure and low calcium can cause protein synthesis and synaptic damage in rat nerve cells, suggesting that lead exposure and low dietary calcium intake lead to cognitive decline.

[0135] Compared with the model group, in Comparative Example 1, under calcium intervention, the number of glutamate receptor GRIN2A was significantly increased, and the number of Nissl bodies and glutamate receptor GRIN2B showed an increasing trend, but there was no significant difference (P>0.05), indicating that calcium can improve the cognitive function of rats to some extent, but without significant effect.

[0136] Compared with the model group and Comparative Example 1, in Experiment 1, within the sodium alginate:calcium ratio range of (1.8-2.8):1, the number of Nissl bodies, glutamate receptors GRIN2A and GRIN2B were significantly increased (P<0.05), and the number of Nissl bodies and GRIN2B were similar to those in the normal group with no significant difference, indicating that the nervous system damage in rats was significantly improved. This demonstrates that calcium and sodium alginate can produce a synergistic effect, achieving an unexpected cognitive function protective effect.

[0137] The above description of the embodiments is provided to enable those skilled in the art to understand and use the invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications can be made to these embodiments, and the general principles described herein can be applied to other embodiments without inventive effort. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the disclosure of the present invention without departing from the scope of the invention should be within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A modified milk powder, wherein the modified milk powder has a total protein content of 16.5g~34g / 100g, a fat content of 10-35g / 100g, and a carbohydrate content of 35-70g / 100g, and wherein the modified milk powder comprises sodium alginate and calcium, wherein... The mass ratio of sodium alginate to calcium is (0.5-5):

1.

2. The modified milk powder according to claim 1, wherein, The mass ratio of sodium alginate to calcium is (0.8-3):

1.

3. The modified milk powder according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising casein, wherein the mass ratio of casein to calcium is (15-28):

1.

4. The modified milk powder according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the amount of sodium alginate is 100-4000 mg / 100g and the amount of calcium is 60-1800 mg / 100g.

5. The modified milk powder according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein: The raw materials that provide protein include one or more of the following: raw milk, whole milk powder, skim milk powder, whey protein powder, demineralized whey powder, and β-casein; The raw materials that provide fat include one or more of the following: raw milk, whole milk powder, cream, corn oil, soybean oil, sunflower oil, 1,3-dioleoyl-2-palmitoylglycerol triglyceride, coconut oil, low-erucic acid rapeseed oil, and flaxseed oil.

6. The modified milk powder according to any one of claims 1-5, based on 1000 parts by weight of the product, comprises the following raw material composition: Raw milk 1900-7000 parts by weight, demineralized whey powder 0-400 parts by weight, skim milk powder 0-400 parts by weight, whole milk powder 0-300 parts by weight, lactose 0-300 parts by weight, white sugar 0-150 parts by weight, milk mineral salts 0-5 parts by weight, anhydrous butter 0-5 parts by weight, phospholipids 0-10 parts by weight, compound vitamins 0.5-10 parts by weight, compound minerals 0.1-8 parts by weight; sodium alginate 5-50 parts by weight.

7. A method for preparing the modified milk powder according to any one of claims 1-6, the method comprising: The raw materials for preparing the modified milk powder are prepared by mixing, homogenizing, concentrating and sterilizing, spray drying and dry mixing. Sodium alginate in the raw materials is added during the dry mixing process.

8. The preparation method according to claim 7, wherein: The homogenization after batching was carried out in two stages, with the first stage pressure being 105±5 bar and the second stage pressure being 32±3 bar. The sterilization process takes place at a temperature of 90-100℃ for 10-25 seconds. The concentration and sterilization process employs a dual-effect concentration method; preferably, the sterilization temperature is ≥83℃ and the sterilization time is 25 seconds; more preferably, the discharge concentration is 48%-52% dry matter and the concentration process temperature is 47-55℃. During the spray drying process, the inlet air temperature is controlled at 165-180℃, the exhaust air temperature at 75-90℃, the high-pressure pump pressure at 160-210 bar, and the tower negative pressure at -4 mbar to -2 mbar.

9. The use of the modified milk powder according to any one of claims 1-6 in the preparation of products that help improve visual function, learning and memory and / or cognitive function.

10. The application of claim 9, wherein the improvement in visual function, learning and memory, and / or cognitive function comprises: It helps improve visual ability; It can help slow down or prevent the decline or deterioration of visual ability; It helps improve an individual's spatial learning, memory, and / or cognitive functions; and / or It helps improve an individual's spatial learning, memory, and / or cognitive functions; It helps improve the expression levels of neurodevelopmental markers in individuals, such as the number of Nissl bodies in the CA3 region of the hippocampus, the number of Nissl bodies in the DC region of the hippocampus, and glutamate receptors GRIN2A and / or GRIN2AB.

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