Cell structure of linear micro solid-state battery and preparation method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of solid-state batteries, and particularly relates to a cell structure of a linear slender strip-shaped micro solid-state battery, the cell structure of the solid-state battery takes a central composite three-dimensional current collector as a circle center, and a positive or negative electrode ring layer, an electrolyte ring layer and a current collector ring layer are sequentially and progressively prepared in an annular manner. The inner ring surface and the outer ring surface of the ring layer are designed into tooth-shaped structures, the tooth-shaped structure of the inner ring surface of the ring layer and the tooth-shaped structure of the outer ring surface of the inner ring layer are mutually nested and ultrasonically tamped, and the tooth-shaped structure of the outer ring surface of the ring layer and the tooth-shaped structure of the inner ring surface of the outer ring layer are mutually nested and ultrasonically tamped. The interface contact area is increased, in the expansion and contraction process of charging and discharging of the solid-state battery, the electrode ring layer is under the action of circumferential force and radial force, the contact interface is tighter during expansion, and the electrode ring layer reversibly contracts under the reaction of the circumferential force and the radial force during contraction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of solid-state battery technology, specifically relating to a cell structure and preparation method of a linear micro solid-state battery. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of the green energy industry, the demand for high-performance energy storage devices has surged in fields such as electric vehicles, portable electronic devices, and energy storage systems. All-solid-state batteries, due to their advantages of high safety and high energy density, have become a key research and development direction in the battery field.

[0003] Currently, the fabrication and development of solid-state batteries face numerous insurmountable technical bottlenecks. One major challenge is the solid-solid interface: without the wetting effect of a liquid electrolyte, solid-state batteries rely on point-to-point solid-solid contact between materials and particles within the electrode sheets, and between the solid electrolyte membrane and electrode sheets within the cell. Existing fabrication technologies and development routes rely solely on external pressure and the plastic elasticity of binders to maintain this contact. However, during repeated charge-discharge cycles, even slight expansion or stress changes can cause interface detachment, material islanding, loss of conductive and conductive connections, irreversible loss of active material, interface damage between electrodes, increased interfacial impedance, SEI film rupture, and the induction of lithium dendrite growth along electrolyte grain boundaries or cracks. These challenges represent persistent technical bottlenecks and pain points that are difficult to resolve completely in terms of battery yield, quality, energy density, and cycle life.

[0004] Currently, the research and development of solid-state batteries focuses on pre-fabricating films and then stacking them in a "sandwich" style soft-pack prismatic structure. The entire process involves roll-to-roll technology, using methods such as rolling, coating, and spraying to pre-fabricate the positive electrode, electrolyte membrane, and negative electrode. These are then pressed together using rolling, hot-pressing, and isostatic pressing to form the "sandwich" style stacked soft-pack prismatic structure. Each step of this process is extremely complex and cumbersome, requiring bulky, expensive, energy-intensive, and space-consuming equipment. Achieving uniformity, consistency, and ultra-thinness in the electrode and electrolyte membranes presents significant technical bottlenecks. This hinders the integrated, efficient, continuous, mass-produced, and stable production of solid-state batteries, leading to deviations and stagnation in the initial process and design. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned shortcomings in the existing technology, this invention provides a linear micro solid-state battery cell structure, a concentric annular toothed electrode layer, interface engineering control of the electrode layer, and an integrated, efficient, and continuous manufacturing method, thereby solving the problems mentioned in the background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution.

[0007] This invention provides a linear micro solid-state battery, a cell structure of a solid-state battery, and an integrated fabrication method. The linear micro solid-state battery is characterized by comprising a linear, elongated cylindrical or polygonal linear micro solid-state battery body with positive and negative electrode encapsulations at both ends of the solid-state battery body. The cell structure of the solid-state battery is characterized by comprising a central composite three-dimensional current collector and, with the central composite three-dimensional current collector as the center, sequentially arranged in a ring, a first positive or negative electrode ring, an nth (n≥1) positive or negative electrode cell assembly, a final electrolyte ring, and an encapsulated positive or negative electrode ring.

[0008] In some embodiments, the central composite three-dimensional current collector is characterized in that: it is a linear roll material made of a circular or hollow annular linear substrate, which has undergone surface conductivity, lithiophilicity and three-dimensional processing; the diameter of the linear roll material is 0.5 to 1.5 mm.

[0009] In some embodiments, the linear substrate includes at least one of the following: a linear substrate composed of metal and carbon materials, a linear substrate composed of polymer and conductive materials, a linear substrate composed of plant fibers, and a linear substrate composed of polymer and metal materials.

[0010] In some embodiments, the first positive or negative electrode layer is characterized in that: the first positive or negative electrode layer is prepared in a ring on the three-dimensional surface of the central composite three-dimensional current collector as the center; the inner ring surface of the first positive or negative electrode layer is filled, covered and compacted with the three-dimensional surface of the central composite three-dimensional current collector; the outer ring surface of the first positive or negative electrode layer is prepared into a tooth-like structure by a corresponding cell layer mold forming and covering equipment.

[0011] In some embodiments, the positive electrode cell assembly sequentially includes a positive electrode electrolyte layer, a front positive electrode layer, a positive electrode current collector layer, and a rear positive electrode layer; its features and integrated fabrication method are as follows: S10. The positive electrode electrolyte ring is formed in a ring on the toothed surface of the previous electrode ring with the previous electrode ring as the center. The toothed structure of the inner ring surface of the positive electrode electrolyte ring and the outer ring surface of the previous electrode ring are nested, filled, covered and compacted. The outer ring surface of the positive electrode electrolyte ring is formed into a toothed structure by a corresponding cell layer mold forming and covering equipment. S11. The front positive electrode layer is prepared in a ring on the toothed surface of the positive electrode electrolyte layer with the positive electrode electrolyte layer as the center. The toothed structure of the inner ring surface of the front positive electrode layer and the outer ring surface of the positive electrode electrolyte layer are nested, filled, covered and compacted. The outer ring surface of the front positive electrode layer is prepared into a toothed structure by a corresponding cell layer mold forming and covering equipment. S12. The positive electrode current collector ring is formed in a ring on the toothed surface of the previous positive electrode ring with the previous positive electrode ring as the center. The toothed structure of the inner ring surface of the positive electrode current collector ring and the outer ring surface of the previous positive electrode ring are nested, filled, covered and compacted. The outer ring surface of the positive electrode current collector ring is formed into a toothed structure by a corresponding cell layer mold forming and covering equipment. S13. The rear positive electrode layer is prepared in a ring on the toothed surface of the positive current collector layer with the positive current collector layer as the center. The toothed structure of the inner ring surface of the rear positive electrode layer and the outer ring surface of the positive current collector layer are nested, filled, covered and compacted. The outer ring surface of the rear positive electrode layer is prepared into a toothed structure by a corresponding cell layer mold forming and covering equipment.

[0012] In some embodiments, the negative electrode cell assembly sequentially comprises a negative electrode electrolyte layer, a front negative electrode layer, a negative electrode current collector layer, and a rear negative electrode layer; its features and integrated fabrication method are as follows: S20. The negative electrode electrolyte ring is formed in a ring on the toothed surface of the previous electrode ring with the previous electrode ring as the center. The toothed structure of the inner ring surface of the negative electrode electrolyte ring and the outer ring surface of the previous electrode ring are nested, filled, covered and compacted. The outer ring surface of the negative electrode electrolyte ring is formed into a toothed structure by a corresponding cell layer mold forming and covering equipment. S21. The front negative electrode layer is prepared in a ring shape on the toothed surface of the negative electrode electrolyte layer with the negative electrode electrolyte layer as the center. The toothed structure of the inner ring surface of the front negative electrode layer and the outer ring surface of the negative electrode electrolyte layer are nested, filled, covered and compacted. The outer ring surface of the front negative electrode layer is prepared into a toothed structure by a corresponding cell layer mold forming and covering equipment. S22. The negative electrode current collector ring is prepared in a ring on the toothed surface of the previous negative electrode ring with the previous negative electrode ring as the center; the toothed structure of the inner ring surface of the negative electrode current collector ring and the outer ring surface of the previous negative electrode ring are nested, filled, covered and compacted with each other; the outer ring surface of the negative electrode current collector ring is prepared into a toothed structure by a corresponding cell layer mold forming and covering equipment. S23. The rear negative electrode layer is prepared in a ring on the toothed surface of the negative electrode current collector layer with the negative electrode current collector layer as the center. The toothed structure of the inner ring surface of the rear negative electrode layer and the outer ring surface of the negative electrode current collector layer are nested, filled, covered and compacted. The outer ring surface of the rear negative electrode layer is prepared into a toothed structure by a corresponding cell layer mold forming and covering equipment.

[0013] In some embodiments, the final electrolyte ring is characterized in that: the final electrolyte ring is formed and encapsulated in a ring on the toothed surface of the last layer of the nth positive or negative electrode cell assembly, with the electrode ring of the last layer as the center; the toothed structure of the inner ring surface of the final electrolyte ring and the outer ring surface of the last layer of the nth positive or negative electrode cell assembly are nested, filled, covered and compacted with each other; the outer ring surface of the final electrolyte ring is formed into a toothed structure by a corresponding cell layer mold forming and covering device.

[0014] In some embodiments, the encapsulated positive or negative electrode layer is characterized in that: the encapsulated positive or negative electrode layer is formed in a ring on the toothed surface of the last electrolyte layer as the center; the toothed structure of the inner ring surface of the encapsulated positive or negative electrode layer and the outer ring surface of the last electrolyte layer are nested, filled, covered and compacted with each other; the outer ring surface of the encapsulated positive or negative electrode layer is formed into a smooth outer ring surface by a corresponding cell layer mold forming and covering equipment.

[0015] In some embodiments, the toothed structure of the inner and outer annular surfaces of the electrode ring layer has the following characteristics: (1) The inner and outer ring surfaces of the electrode ring are uniformly provided with multiple opposing or staggered tooth-like structures, the number of which is determined by the diameter of the electrode ring and the size and tooth pitch of the tooth-like structures. (2) The number of teeth, tooth shape, size, and thickness of the inner and outer annular surfaces of the electrode ring are the same or different; (3) The ratio of the tooth thickness of the inner and outer annular surfaces of the electrode ring to the total thickness of the electrode ring is 6 to 9:10; (4) The ratio of the teeth to the tooth pitch on the inner and outer annular surfaces of the electrode ring is 10-1:1-10; (5) The shapes of the teeth on the inner and outer annular surfaces of the electrode ring include trapezoidal, rectangular, triangular, semi-circular arc, etc.

[0016] In some embodiments, the electrode coil includes a positive electrode coil, a negative electrode coil, a current collector coil, and an electrolyte coil; the thickness of the positive electrode coil is 20–300 μm; the thickness of the negative electrode coil is 0–200 μm; the thickness of the current collector coil is 0–50 μm; and the thickness of the electrolyte coil is 5–50 μm.

[0017] In some embodiments, the preceding electrode layer refers to the last electrode layer of the positive or negative electrode cell assembly that has been completed by mutual nesting, filling, covering, and compaction.

[0018] In some embodiments, the positive electrode encapsulation includes a negative electrode insulating ring, a positive electrode current collector ring, a positive electrode tab, and a positive electrode sealant.

[0019] Furthermore, the negative electrode insulating ring is characterized by the following steps: 0.1–0.5 mm is removed by laser milling between the positive terminal face and the central composite three-dimensional current collector and the encapsulated negative electrode ring layer of the solid-state battery body using a laser device; then, 0.1–0.5 mm of the negative electrode cell assembly is removed by laser milling on the surface of the negative electrode cell assembly on the positive terminal face using a laser device, forming an annular groove of the negative electrode cell assembly; and negative electrode insulating adhesive is laid in the annular groove of the negative electrode cell assembly, making the negative electrode insulating adhesive flush with the positive terminal face.

[0020] Furthermore, the positive electrode current collector ring is characterized by laying a layer of current collector material on the positive terminal face and the negative electrode insulating rubber ring face of the solid-state battery body, so that all positive electrode current collector rings are connected to the central composite three-dimensional current collector.

[0021] Furthermore, the positive electrode tab is characterized in that it is welded to the central composite three-dimensional current collector by laser welding and ultrasonic welding.

[0022] Furthermore, the positive electrode sealant is characterized in that an insulating and sealing adhesive is laid between the positive electrode current collector ring and the positive electrode tab, and the positive electrode sealant is formed after curing, with the thickness of the positive electrode sealant being lower than the end face of the positive electrode tab.

[0023] In some embodiments, the negative electrode encapsulation includes a positive electrode insulating ring, a negative electrode current collector ring, and a negative electrode sealant.

[0024] Furthermore, the positive electrode insulating ring is characterized by the following steps: 0.1–0.5 mm is removed by laser milling between the negative electrode surface and the central composite three-dimensional current collector and the encapsulated negative electrode ring layer of the solid-state battery body using a laser device; then, 0.1–0.5 mm of the positive electrode cell assembly is removed by laser milling on the surface of the positive electrode cell assembly on the negative electrode surface using a laser device, forming an annular groove of the positive electrode cell assembly; and negative electrode insulating adhesive is laid in the annular groove of the positive electrode cell assembly, making the positive electrode insulating adhesive flush with the negative electrode surface.

[0025] Furthermore, the negative electrode current collector ring is characterized in that a layer of current collector material is laid on the negative terminal face and the positive electrode insulating rubber ring face of the solid-state battery body, so that all negative electrode current collector rings are connected to the encapsulated negative electrode rings.

[0026] Furthermore, the negative electrode sealant is characterized by: laying insulating and sealing adhesive on the surface of the negative electrode current collector ring, which is then cured to form the negative electrode sealant.

[0027] In some embodiments, the depth of the annular groove of the positive or negative cell assembly is 0.1 to 1 mm.

[0028] In some embodiments, the thickness of the positive or negative composite current collector ring is 0.1 to 1 mm.

[0029] In some embodiments, the positive electrode tab is a negative electrode tab, the central composite three-dimensional current collector is a negative electrode, and the outermost ring is an encapsulation positive electrode layer.

[0030] In some embodiments, the integrated preparation method is characterized in that: the central composite three-dimensional current collector roll is continuously conveyed by the conveying mechanism, so that the central composite three-dimensional current collector passes through multiple battery cell layer mold forming and coating equipment connected in series. Each time it passes through a battery cell layer mold forming and coating equipment, a corresponding electrode layer is matched and coated. Through the integrated and continuous concentric coating of the layer by layer, a linear micro solid-state battery core is prepared. Then, the linear micro solid-state battery core is cut to the product length to prepare a linear micro solid-state battery body.

[0031] Furthermore, the battery cell layer mold forming and coating equipment includes a composite material pressure chamber, a hollow battery cell layer mold, and an ultrasonic unit on the outside of the mold.

[0032] Furthermore, the composite material pressure chamber is characterized in that: pressure is applied to the composite material by an extrusion device to extrude it from the composite material pressure chamber into the hollow cell layer mold.

[0033] Furthermore, the hollow cell layer mold is characterized in that: the inner surface of the mold is axially engraved with a tooth-like structure for forming the tooth-like structure on the outer ring surface of the electrode ring layer.

[0034] Furthermore, the ultrasonic unit is characterized in that it is used for high-frequency vibration compaction of the composite material continuously flowing through the hollow cell layer mold, densification and nesting filling, coating and bonding of the composite material.

[0035] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. The linear micro solid-state battery provided by this invention adopts a miniaturized, independent cell design and manufacturing, with a wide range of applications. A single linear micro solid-state battery is small in size, variable in length, and possesses complete battery functions. It can be used in small aircraft, small artificial intelligence devices, small electrical equipment, and special small-scale electrical applications such as small exploration robots, micro aircraft, micro medical devices, keys, circuit boards, and remote controls. Simultaneously, individual small batteries can be flexibly assembled into various battery packs or stacks, suitable for utilizing spare or irregularly shaped spaces in electrical equipment. When designing electrical equipment, battery storage space does not need to be a primary concern, such as in the hollow frames of new energy vehicles. Individual small batteries are cylindrical or polygonal in appearance, arranged in a honeycomb pattern to facilitate airflow. Each independent small battery has its own heat dissipation space, effectively cooling the battery stack or pack. 2. The linear micro solid-state battery manufacturing method provided by this invention adopts an integrated, ring-shaped mold-encapsulated electrode ring layer and a sequentially increasing flow-line molding manufacturing scheme. It abandons the traditional pre-film and stacking process, and uses online ultrasonic high-frequency vibration to compact the composite material, so that the composite material is densified, nested, filled, encapsulated, and bonded, realizing an interfacial composite process of electrode ring layers that is both nested and compacted. At the same time, the equipment is simple and single, the product consistency and stability are high, and the production line has high production efficiency and yield. 3. The linear micro solid-state battery cell structure provided by this invention adopts an integrated electrode ring design and manufacturing. The inner and outer ring surfaces of the electrode rings are designed with tooth-like structures. The tooth-like structure of the inner ring surface of each ring is nested in the tooth-like structure recess of the outer ring surface of the inner ring. The tooth-like structure of the outer ring surface of each ring is nested in the recess of the inner ring surface of the inner ring. The tooth-like structure of the outer ring surface of each ring is nested in the recess of the tooth-like structure of the inner ring surface of the outer ring. The tooth-like structure of the inner ring surface of each ring is nested in the recess of the tooth-like structure of the inner ring surface of the outer ring. This achieves deep interlocking between the rings, greatly increasing the interface contact area and the structural stability between the rings. At the same time, this deep interlocking annular electrode rings are subjected to circumferential and radial forces during the expansion and contraction of the solid-state battery during charging and discharging. During expansion, the contact interface becomes tighter as it expands. During contraction, it reversibly contracts under the reaction of circumferential and radial forces. Attached Figure Description

[0036] To better describe and illustrate the embodiments and examples provided by the present invention, reference may be made to one or more of the following drawings. Additional details or structures used to describe the drawings should not be considered as limiting the scope of the present invention, the currently described embodiments and examples, or any of the applications and preferred modes as currently understood. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings.

[0037] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the individual appearance of the linear micro solid-state battery of this invention.

[0038] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the linear micro solid-state battery of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 3 The present invention provides a cross-sectional view (AA enlarged schematic diagram) of a linear micro solid-state battery.

[0040] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the longitudinal section of the linear micro solid-state battery of this invention.

[0041] Figure 5A magnified schematic diagram of the longitudinal section (BB) of the linear micro solid-state battery of this invention.

[0042] Figure 6 A magnified schematic diagram of the longitudinal section (CC) of the linear micro solid-state battery of this invention.

[0043] Wherein: 100 is the negative electrode encapsulation layer, 101 is the positive electrode sealing compound, 102 is the negative electrode sealing compound, 103 is the positive electrode tab, 104 is the positive electrode current collector ring, 105 is the negative electrode insulating rubber ring, 106 is the positive electrode insulating rubber ring, and 107 is the negative electrode current collector ring.

[0044] Wherein: 200 is the central composite three-dimensional current collector, 201 is the first positive electrode layer, 202 is the negative electrode electrolyte layer of the first negative electrode cell assembly, 203 is the front negative electrode layer of the first negative electrode cell assembly, 204 is the negative electrode current collector layer of the first negative electrode cell assembly, 205 is the rear negative electrode layer of the first negative electrode cell assembly, 206 is the positive electrode electrolyte layer of the second positive electrode cell assembly, 207 is the front positive electrode layer of the second positive electrode cell assembly, 208 is the positive electrode current collector layer of the second positive electrode cell assembly, 209 is the rear positive electrode layer of the second positive electrode cell assembly, and 210 is the last electrolyte layer. Detailed Implementation

[0045] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the present invention will be described more fully below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are schematic diagrams, not actual pictures, and should not be construed as limiting the present patent. To better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts in the drawings may be enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the actual product size. Furthermore, the drawings and the following description are provided to enable those skilled in the art to fully understand the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] In this invention, unless otherwise specified, "solid-state battery" refers to a battery in which all materials are prepared using a dry method and are solid substances. Typically, a solid-state battery includes a positive electrode layer, a solid electrolyte layer, a negative electrode layer, and a current collector layer. During charging and discharging, active ions move back and forth between the positive and negative electrode layers, nesting and releasing. The solid electrolyte layer acts as a conductor of ions between the positive and negative electrode layers and also isolates them, preventing short circuits. Therefore, solid-state batteries do not have the separator found in traditional liquid batteries. Solid-state batteries use a non-flammable solid electrolyte instead of the organic electrolyte in traditional liquid batteries, significantly improving battery safety.

[0047] In this invention, unless otherwise specified, the electrolytes referred to are "solid-state electrolytes," meaning electrolyte materials or substances that exist in solid form throughout the formation, storage, and fabrication of solid-state battery components, as well as during the operation of the solid-state battery. This includes, but is not limited to, solid-state electrolytes existing in solid form at room temperature.

[0048] In this invention, unless otherwise specified, all electrode layers are composite electrode layers, including one or more composite electrode layers containing electrode active materials, conductive agents, binders, electrolytes, etc. The electrode active material in the electrode layer refers to a material capable of reversibly nesting and releasing active ions. Unless otherwise specified, the negative electrode active material refers to a material used in the negative electrode layer capable of reversibly nesting and releasing active ions. The positive electrode active material refers to a substance used in the positive electrode layer capable of reversibly releasing and nesting active ions. When the solid-state battery is charging, active ions are released from the positive electrode, pass through the solid electrolyte layer, and nest at the negative electrode; when the solid-state battery is discharging, active ions are released from the negative electrode and nest at the positive electrode. The active ion is not particularly limited; for example, if the active ion is lithium ion, then it corresponds to a lithium-ion solid-state battery.

[0049] Optionally, in this invention, the negative electrode layer in the solid-state battery may not contain any negative electrode active material, as described in this invention, where the thickness of the negative electrode layer is 0–200 μm. The thickness of "0" further results in a negative electrode-free solid-state battery. During battery charging, lithium ions are nested or dissolved on the surface of the negative electrode current collector layer to form lithium-containing metal.

[0050] In this invention, optionally, the current collector layer in the solid-state battery can be combined with the positive and negative electrode layers, as described in this invention, where the current collector layer thickness is 0–50 μm. A thickness of "0" further results in a current collector-free solid-state battery. During battery charging, the positive and negative electrode layers function as current collectors.

[0051] In this invention, unless otherwise specified, all embodiments and optional embodiments can be combined to form new technical solutions.

[0052] In this invention, the reference to "embodiment" means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment or implementation of the invention. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments. The term "implementation" as used herein has a similar understanding.

[0053] In this invention, the exemplary descriptions such as "in some implementations (or embodiments)" and "in one implementation (or embodiment)" may cover, but are not limited to, the following meanings: these solutions can be combined with other solutions in a suitable manner to form new technical solutions.

[0054] Those skilled in the art will understand that the order in which the steps are written in the methods of various embodiments or examples does not imply a strict execution order and does not constitute any limitation on the implementation process. The detailed execution order of each step should be determined by its function and possible internal logic. Unless otherwise specified, all steps of the present invention can be performed sequentially or randomly, but are preferably performed sequentially. For example, method S includes steps (a) and (b), indicating that the method may include steps (a) and (b) performed sequentially, or it may include steps (b) and (a) performed sequentially. For example, method S may also include step (c), indicating that step (c) can be added to method S in any order. For example, method S may include steps (a), (b), and (c), or it may include steps (a), (c), and (b), or it may include steps (c), (a), and (b), etc.

[0055] In this invention, "optionally," "optionally," and "optional" mean that something is optional, that is, it refers to either "having" or "not having" a parallel solution. If multiple "optional" statements appear in a technical solution, unless otherwise specified, and there are no contradictions or mutual constraints, then each "optional" statement is independent. Unless otherwise specified, in this invention, descriptions such as "optionally include" and "optionally contain" mean, for example, "optionally include," that "may include or may not include."

[0056] In this invention, the features or solutions corresponding to "and / or" include any one of two or more of the related listed items, as well as any and all combinations of the related listed items. Any and all combinations include any two related listed items, any more related listed items, or a combination of all the related listed items. For example, "X and / or Y" represents a group consisting of X, Y, and "a combination of X and Y". "Including X and / or Y" can mean "including X, including Y, and including X and Y", or "including X, including Y, or including X and Y", and can be appropriately understood according to the context.

[0057] The terms "combinations thereof", "arbitrary combinations thereof", and "arbitrary combinations thereof" used in this invention include all suitable combinations of any two or more of the listed items.

[0058] In this invention, the term "suitable" in "suitable combination", "suitable method", "any suitable method", etc., refers to the technical solution that enables the implementation of this invention.

[0059] In this invention, terms such as "furthermore," "even further," "particularly," "for example," "as," "example," and "exemplary" are used for descriptive purposes to indicate differences in content, but should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention.

[0060] In this invention, the terms "first aspect," "second aspect," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or quantity, nor should they be construed as implicitly indicating the importance or quantity of the indicated technical features. Moreover, "first," "second," etc., serve only as a non-exhaustive enumeration and should be understood not to constitute a closed limitation on quantity.

[0061] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the phrase "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that they are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the phrase "above" or "below" the second feature can indicate a horizontal positional relationship, or it can simply indicate the existence of an attachment relationship without specifying a horizontal positional relationship.

[0062] The "range" disclosed in this invention can be defined in the form of a lower limit and an upper limit. A given range is defined by selecting a lower limit and an upper limit, which define the boundaries of the specific range. This type of range definition can include or exclude endpoints; any endpoint can be independently included or excluded, and they can be arbitrarily combined, meaning any lower limit can be combined with any upper limit to form a range. For example, if ranges of 10–100 and 20–60 are listed for specific parameters, it is expected that ranges of 10–60 and 20–100 are also included. Furthermore, if minimum range values ​​1 and 2 are listed, and maximum range values ​​3, 4, and 5 are also listed, then the following ranges are all expected: 1–3, 1–4, 1–5, 2–3, 2–4, and 2–5. In this invention, unless otherwise specified, the numerical range "a–b" represents a shortened representation of any combination of real numbers between a and b, where a and b are real numbers. For example, the numerical range "0-5" indicates that all real numbers between "0" and "5" have been listed in this article; "0-5" is simply a shortened representation of these numerical combinations. Furthermore, when a parameter is described as an integer ≥ 2, it is equivalent to listing integers such as 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, etc. For instance, when a parameter is described as an integer selected from "2-10", it is equivalent to listing integers 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10.

[0063] In this invention, unless otherwise specified, "about" means within a reasonable range above and below the stated number, and the fluctuation range may vary depending on the type and value of the stated number. For example, a range of ±10%, ±5%, ±2%, ±1% is permissible. For example, if we take "approximately 10°C" and its approximation is ±1°C, then the approximate values ​​such as 9°C and 9.5°C within the approximation range indicated by "approximately 10°C" should also be included in the range indicated by "approximately 10°C".

[0064] In this invention, the term "room temperature" generally refers to 4℃ to 35℃, and may refer to 20℃ ± 5℃. In some embodiments or examples of this invention, room temperature refers to 20℃ to 30℃.

[0065] In this invention, when referring to units of data ranges, if the unit is only followed by the right endpoint, it indicates that the units of the left and right endpoints are the same. For example, 3~5mm or 3~5mm both mean that the units of the left endpoint "3" and the right endpoint "5" are both mm (millimeters), and both have the same meaning as 3mm~5mm. Furthermore, similar descriptions of other parameters such as temperature and weight are interpreted in the same way.

[0066] In this invention, the terms "multiple," "various," "a number of," "several," etc., unless otherwise specified, refer to a quantity greater than or equal to 2. For example, "one or more" means one or more (greater than or equal to) two. It can be understood that when "any number of" items are involved, it refers to any suitable combination of multiple items, that is, a combination of "any number of" items in a manner that does not conflict and enables the implementation of this invention.

[0067] Due to the characteristics of solid-state batteries, there is no liquid electrolyte wetting inside the cell. The conduction channel between the electrolyte and the electrode interface is only a point-to-point contact. During charging and discharging, lithium metal occupies the internal space of the battery, causing internal volume expansion. When the battery contains an electrolyte, its presence can effectively buffer this volume expansion. However, for solid-state batteries, due to the lack of effective electrolyte buffering, this internal volume expansion easily affects the contact interface between the electrode layer surface and the solid electrolyte layer. Furthermore, in solid-state batteries, the volume expansion caused by lithium ions nesting on the negative electrode side also changes the stress between the positive electrode layer and the solid electrolyte layer, further affecting the contact interface between the positive electrode layer surface and the solid electrolyte layer. Therefore, in solid-state batteries, the nesting of lithium ions on the negative electrode side can lead to damage to the contact interface between the electrode surface and the solid electrolyte layer, increased interfacial impedance, rupture of the SEI film, and induce lithium dendrite growth along the grain boundaries or cracks of the electrolyte, thus affecting the cycle performance of the solid-state battery.

[0068] Based on the current research and development routes for solid-state batteries, as well as their appearance and cell structure design, achieving efficient mass production of high-quality, high-energy-density, long-life, and highly stable solid-solid interface solid-state batteries will face enormous challenges and financial investments if relying on cumbersome, expensive, and traditional manufacturing processes such as coating, film making, rolling, winding, hot pressing, slicing, stacking, and isostatic pressing. Furthermore, the electrolyte-electrode interface remains a persistent bottleneck when using a "sandwich" stacking method for soft-pack battery structures, where films or sheets are first made and then stacked. Soft-pack stacked battery packs also lack good internal heat dissipation, leading to localized heat accumulation during charging and discharging, potentially causing material performance degradation and safety risks.

[0069] In view of this, the present invention provides a cell structure of a linear micro solid-state battery, a concentric ring-shaped toothed electrode layer, interface engineering control of the electrode layer, and an integrated method for efficient and continuous production.

[0070] The solid-state battery has an overall appearance of a linear, slender, cylindrical or polygonal solid-state battery body with positive and negative electrode encapsulations at both ends of the solid-state battery body.

[0071] The cell structure of this solid-state battery includes a central composite three-dimensional current collector and a first ring of positive or negative electrode layers, an nth positive or negative electrode cell assembly (n≥1), a last electrolyte layer, and a packaged positive or negative electrode layer, which are sequentially prepared in a ring around the central composite three-dimensional current collector.

[0072] The central composite three-dimensional current collector is characterized in that: it is a linear roll material made of a circular or hollow annular linear substrate, which has undergone surface conductivity, lithiophilicity and three-dimensional processing; the diameter of the linear roll material is 0.5 to 1.5 mm.

[0073] The positive electrode cell assembly comprises, in sequence, a positive electrode electrolyte layer, a front positive electrode layer, a positive electrode current collector layer, and a rear positive electrode layer.

[0074] The negative electrode cell assembly comprises, in sequence, a negative electrode electrolyte layer, a front negative electrode layer, a negative electrode current collector layer, and a rear negative electrode layer.

[0075] The electrode rings include a positive electrode ring, a negative electrode ring, a current collector ring, and an electrolyte ring; the thickness of the positive electrode ring is 20–300 μm; the thickness of the negative electrode ring is 0–200 μm; the thickness of the current collector ring is 0–50 μm; and the thickness of the electrolyte ring is 5–50 μm.

[0076] The positive electrode encapsulation includes a negative electrode insulating ring, a positive electrode current collector ring, a positive electrode tab, and a positive electrode sealant.

[0077] The negative electrode encapsulation includes a positive electrode insulating ring, a negative electrode current collector ring, and a negative electrode sealant.

[0078] Example 1: Integrated fabrication method for solid-state battery body, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 The process is as follows: S100. Through continuous conveying by the conveying mechanism, the central composite three-dimensional current collector 200 roll passes through the cell layer mold forming and coating equipment of the first positive electrode layer 201, and the first positive electrode layer 201 is prepared in a ring. S101. After completing the first positive electrode layer 201, the cell layer mold forming and coating equipment of the negative electrode electrolyte layer, front negative electrode layer, negative electrode current collector layer and rear negative electrode layer of the first negative electrode cell assembly are sequentially passed through the conveying mechanism to prepare the first negative electrode electrolyte layer 202, the front negative electrode layer 203, the negative electrode current collector layer 204 and the rear negative electrode layer 205 of the first negative electrode cell assembly in a ring-like manner. S102. After the first negative electrode cell assembly is prepared, it is then conveyed through the cell layer mold forming and coating equipment of the positive electrolyte layer, front positive electrode layer, positive current collector layer and rear positive electrode layer of the second positive electrode cell assembly in sequence, and the positive electrolyte layer 206, the front positive electrode layer 207, the positive current collector layer 208 and the rear positive electrode layer 209 of the second positive electrode cell assembly are prepared in a ring-like manner. S103. After the second positive electrode cell assembly is prepared, it is then conveyed through the cell layer mold forming and coating equipment of the last electrolyte layer 210 by the conveying mechanism to form the last electrolyte layer 210 in a ring. S104. After completing the last electrolyte layer 210, the battery cell layer mold forming and coating equipment of the encapsulated negative electrode layer 100 is passed through the conveying mechanism to form the encapsulated negative electrode layer 100 in a ring shape. S105. After completing the encapsulation of the negative electrode layer 100, the solid-state battery core is laser-cut into a solid-state battery body of the required length.

[0079] Furthermore, all electrode rings are wrapped in a ring, which is a non-static wrapping process. During the continuous conveying of the three-dimensional current collector roll with the center as the composite material, the corresponding electrode rings are wrapped simultaneously on each cell layer mold forming and wrapping device.

[0080] Furthermore, the battery cell layer mold forming and coating equipment includes a composite material pressure chamber, a hollow battery cell layer mold, and an ultrasonic unit on the outside of the mold.

[0081] Furthermore, the composite material pressure chamber is characterized in that: the composite material, which is mixed with dry powder material by an externally provided electrospinning fiber binder, is pressurized by an extrusion device in the composite material pressure chamber, causing it to be extruded from the composite material pressure chamber into the hollow cell layer mold.

[0082] Furthermore, the hollow cell layer mold is characterized in that: the inner surface of the mold is axially engraved with a toothed structure, and there is a gap of layer thickness between the central composite three-dimensional current collector or the covered electrode ring layer and the mold, which is used for the thickness of the electrode ring layer and the outer ring surface forming.

[0083] Furthermore, the ultrasonic unit is characterized in that it is used for high-frequency vibration compaction, densification and nesting filling, coating and bonding of composite materials that continuously flow through the hollow cell layer mold.

[0084] Furthermore, after process S102, an nth positive or negative cell assembly can be added, and the number of cell assemblies n is not limited.

[0085] Furthermore, the inner ring surface of the first positive electrode layer is wrapped and bonded to the central composite three-dimensional current collector, and the inner ring surface has no tooth-like structure.

[0086] Furthermore, all the electrode rings are prepared in a ring shape on the outer surface of the previous electrode ring, with the previous electrode ring as the center. The inner ring of the prepared electrode ring and the toothed structure of the outer ring of the previous electrode ring are nested, filled, covered and compacted with each other. The outer ring of the prepared electrode ring is prepared by a corresponding cell layer mold forming and covering equipment.

[0087] Furthermore, the aforementioned previous electrode layer refers to the last electrode layer of the positive or negative electrode cell assembly that has been nested, filled, covered, and compacted.

[0088] Furthermore, the toothed structure of the inner and outer annular surfaces of the electrode ring layer has the following characteristics: (1) The inner and outer ring surfaces of the electrode ring are uniformly provided with multiple opposing or staggered tooth-like structures, the number of which is determined by the diameter of the electrode ring and the size and tooth pitch of the tooth-like structures. (2) The number of teeth, tooth shape, size, and thickness of the inner and outer ring surfaces of the electrode ring are the same or different; (3) The ratio of the tooth thickness of the inner and outer annular surfaces of the electrode ring to the total thickness of the electrode ring is 6 to 9:10; (4) The ratio of the teeth to the tooth pitch on the inner and outer annular surfaces of the electrode ring is 10-1:1-10; (5) The shapes of the teeth on the inner and outer ring surfaces of the electrode ring include trapezoidal, rectangular, triangular, semi-circular arc, etc.

[0089] Optionally, the inner ring surface of the annular electrode layer may or may not have a toothed structure, which is entirely determined by the outer ring surface of the previous electrode layer.

[0090] Optionally, the outer ring surface of the annular electrode layer is prepared by a corresponding cell layer mold forming and coating equipment, and can be designed with a toothed structure or not.

[0091] In some embodiments, the central composite three-dimensional current collector is the negative electrode, the first ring is the negative electrode ring, and the first is the positive electrode cell assembly, which is encapsulated as the positive electrode ring.

[0092] Example 2: Positive electrode packaging preparation method, please refer to... Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 The process is as follows: S110, using laser equipment, a 0.1-0.5mm layer is removed between the positive terminal face and the central composite three-dimensional current collector 200 and the encapsulated negative electrode ring 100 of the solid-state battery body. Then, using laser equipment, the negative electrode cell assembly on the positive terminal face of the solid-state battery body is... Figure 3 , Figure 5 The surface of electrode rings 203, 204 and 205 is laser-milled to remove 0.1 to 0.5 mm of the negative electrode cell assembly, forming an annular groove for the negative electrode cell assembly. Negative electrode insulating adhesive is then laid in the annular groove of the negative electrode cell assembly, making the negative electrode insulating adhesive flush with the positive electrode end face. S111. A layer of 0.1-0.5mm current collector material is laid on the positive terminal surface and the negative electrode insulating ring 105 surface of the solid-state battery body, and compacted by ultrasonic equipment to make the positive electrode current collector ring 104 connected with all positive electrode current collector layers and the central composite three-dimensional current collector 200. S112. The positive electrode tab 103 is welded to the central composite three-dimensional current collector 200 by laser welding and ultrasonic welding. S113. An insulating and sealing adhesive is laid between the positive terminal face of the solid-state battery body and the positive electrode tab 103. After curing, a positive electrode sealant 101 is formed. The thickness of the positive electrode sealant is 0.2 to 0.5 mm lower than the end face of the positive electrode tab.

[0093] Example 3: Anode packaging preparation method, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 The process is as follows: S120, using laser equipment, a 0.1-0.5mm layer is removed between the negative terminal surface and the central composite three-dimensional current collector 200 and the encapsulated negative electrode ring 100 of the solid-state battery body. Then, using laser equipment, the positive electrode cell assembly on the negative terminal surface of the solid-state battery body is... Figure 3 , Figure 6The surface of electrode rings 207, 208 and 209 is laser-milled to remove 0.1 to 0.5 mm of the positive electrode cell assembly, forming an annular groove for the positive electrode cell assembly. Negative electrode insulating adhesive is then laid in the annular groove of the positive electrode cell assembly, making the positive electrode insulating adhesive flush with the negative electrode end face. S121. A layer of 0.1-0.5mm current-collecting material is laid on the negative terminal surface and the positive electrode insulating ring 106 surface of the solid-state battery body, and compacted by ultrasonic equipment to make the negative electrode current-collecting ring 107 connected to all negative electrode current-collecting rings and the encapsulated negative electrode ring 100. S122. An insulating and sealing adhesive is laid between the negative terminal surface of the solid-state battery body and the encapsulated negative electrode ring 100, and after curing, a negative electrode sealant 102 is formed.

[0094] Furthermore, when the laser mills the positive terminal, the positive terminal faces downwards; when the laser mills the negative terminal, the negative terminal faces downwards; and a negative pressure dust collection device is applied during milling.

[0095] Furthermore, when laying the positive electrode insulating adhesive, positive electrode current collector material, and positive electrode sealing adhesive, the positive end faces upward.

[0096] Furthermore, when laying the negative electrode insulating adhesive, negative electrode current collector material, and negative electrode sealing adhesive, the negative electrode end faces upward.

[0097] In some embodiments, the linear substrate includes at least one of the following: a linear substrate composed of a metal and a carbon material, a linear substrate composed of a polymer and a conductive material, a linear substrate composed of plant fibers, and a linear substrate composed of a polymer and a metal material.

[0098] In some embodiments, as a non-limiting example, the positive electrode active material includes one or more of lithium phosphate and lithium transition metal oxide.

[0099] Optionally, lithium-containing phosphates may include at least one of lithium iron phosphate, lithium iron phosphate and carbon composites, lithium manganese iron phosphate, and lithium manganese iron phosphate and carbon composites. Lithium-containing phosphates may also include one or more of lithium manganese phosphate and lithium manganese phosphate and carbon composites.

[0100] Optionally, the positive electrode active material may also include one or more of the following materials: lithium transition metal oxides and their respective modified compounds. Examples of lithium transition metal oxides may include, but are not limited to, one or more of lithium cobalt oxides (such as LiCoO2), lithium manganese oxides, lithium manganese cobalt oxides, and their modified compounds. Non-limiting examples of lithium cobalt oxides may include LiCoO2. Non-limiting examples of lithium manganese oxides may include LiMnO2, LiMn2O4, etc.

[0101] In some embodiments, as a non-limiting example, the negative electrode active material includes at least one of lithium-containing active materials, such as lithium metal, lithium-rich alloys, and lithium-carbon materials.

[0102] Optionally, the lithium-rich alloy includes at least one of lithium indium alloy (LixIn), lithium silicon alloy (LixSi), lithium aluminum alloy, lithium tin alloy, lithium magnesium alloy, and lithium zinc alloy.

[0103] Alternatively, lithium-carbon materials include lithium-carbon composites such as LiCx, carbon foam, and hollow carbon nanospheres.

[0104] In some embodiments, as a non-limiting example, the solid electrolyte may include one or more of the following: sulfide solid electrolyte, halide solid electrolyte, oxide solid electrolyte, polymer solid electrolyte, etc.

[0105] Optionally, the solid electrolyte may include, but is not limited to, one or more of Argyrodite-type sulfide electrolytes and halide electrolytes. Non-limiting examples of oxide-based solid electrolytes may include one or more of LISICON-type oxide electrolytes (e.g., γ-Li3PO4), NASICON-type oxide electrolytes (e.g., Li1+xAlxGe2-x(PO4)3, Li1+xAlxTi2-x(PO4)3, etc., 0≤x≤1), Garnet-type (e.g., Li7La3Zr2O12), and perovskite-type oxide electrolytes (e.g., Li3xLa2 / 3-xTiO3, etc., 0≤x≤0.5). Non-limiting examples of sulfide-based solid electrolytes may include one or more of Li10GeP2S12, Li2S-P2S5, and Argyrodite-type (e.g., Li6PS5Cl, Li5.5PS5.5Cl1.5, etc.). Non-limiting examples of halide solid electrolytes may include one or more of Li3InCl6, Li3YCl6, Li3ScCl6, Li3ErCl6, Li2ZrCl6, etc.

[0106] In some embodiments, as a non-limiting example, the adhesive may include one or more of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), PVDF-tetrafluoroethylene-propylene terpolymer, PVDF-hexafluoropropylene-tetrafluoroethylene terpolymer, tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer, and fluorinated acrylate resin.

[0107] In some embodiments, as a non-limiting example, the conductive agent may include one or more of superconducting carbon, acetylene black, carbon black, Ketjen black, carbon dots, carbon nanotubes, graphene, and carbon nanofibers.

[0108] In some embodiments, as a non-limiting example, the current collector conductive metal material may include metal wire or metal powder, and its shape may be one or more of the following: linear, sheet, or spherical. Its material may be one or more of the following: copper, aluminum, silver, nickel, zinc, indium, etc.

[0109] In this invention, unless otherwise specified, "solid-state battery" refers to a solid-state battery in which all electrolytes are solid electrolytes and no liquid electrolyte is provided in the battery.

[0110] In this invention, the solid-state battery can be a single cell, used independently, or assembled into a battery pack or battery stack. Each individual battery cell within the battery pack or stack possesses pixel-level flexibility and adaptability, allowing for various configurations such as rectangles, squares, rhombuses, triangles, circles, and rings. It can also serve as filler batteries for excess or irregularly shaped spaces, saving space for electrical equipment. In assembling the battery stack or pack, the individual batteries are small cylinders or polygons, arranged in a honeycomb pattern to facilitate airflow. Each individual battery cell has its own space for heat dissipation, effectively mitigating the heat generated by the battery stack or pack.

[0111] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0112] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this invention. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A solid-state battery, a cell structure for the solid-state battery, and a method for fabricating the solid-state battery, wherein the solid-state battery is characterized in that, The solid-state battery features a linear, elongated cylindrical or polygonal solid-state battery body and positive and negative electrode encapsulations at both ends of the solid-state battery body. The cell structure of the solid-state battery is characterized by comprising a central composite three-dimensional current collector and, with the central composite three-dimensional current collector as the center, sequentially and progressively increasing positive or negative electrode rings, an nth positive or negative electrode cell assembly (n≥1), a final electrolyte ring, and an encapsulation positive or negative electrode ring.

2. The central composite three-dimensional current collector according to claim 1, characterized in that, It is a linear roll material obtained by surface conductivity, lithiophilicity and three-dimensional processing of a circular or hollow annular linear substrate; the diameter of the linear roll material is 0.5 to 1.5 mm.

3. The first positive or negative electrode layer according to claim 1, characterized in that, With the central composite three-dimensional current collector as the center, a first ring of positive or negative electrode layers is prepared on its three-dimensional surface; the inner ring surface of the first ring of positive or negative electrode layers is filled, covered and compacted with the three-dimensional surface of the central composite three-dimensional current collector; the outer ring surface of the first ring of positive or negative electrode layers is prepared into a tooth-like structure by a corresponding cell layer mold forming and covering equipment.

4. The positive electrode cell assembly according to claim 1, comprising, in sequence, a positive electrode electrolyte layer, a front positive electrode layer, a positive electrode current collector layer, and a rear positive electrode layer; its preparation method is as follows: S10. The positive electrode electrolyte ring is formed in a ring on the toothed surface of the previous electrode ring with the previous electrode ring as the center. The toothed structure of the inner ring surface of the positive electrode electrolyte ring and the outer ring surface of the previous electrode ring are nested, filled, covered and compacted. The outer ring surface of the positive electrode electrolyte ring is formed into a toothed structure by a corresponding cell layer mold forming and covering equipment. S11. The front positive electrode layer is prepared in a ring on the toothed surface of the positive electrode electrolyte layer with the positive electrode electrolyte layer as the center. The toothed structure of the inner ring surface of the front positive electrode layer and the outer ring surface of the positive electrode electrolyte layer are nested, filled, covered and compacted. The outer ring surface of the front positive electrode layer is prepared into a toothed structure by a corresponding cell layer mold forming and covering equipment. S12. The positive electrode current collector ring is formed in a ring on the toothed surface of the previous positive electrode ring with the previous positive electrode ring as the center. The toothed structure of the inner ring surface of the positive electrode current collector ring and the outer ring surface of the previous positive electrode ring are nested, filled, covered and compacted. The outer ring surface of the positive electrode current collector ring is formed into a toothed structure by a corresponding cell layer mold forming and covering equipment. S13. The rear positive electrode layer is prepared in a ring on the toothed surface of the positive current collector layer with the positive current collector layer as the center. The toothed structure of the inner ring surface of the rear positive electrode layer and the outer ring surface of the positive current collector layer are nested, filled, covered and compacted. The outer ring surface of the rear positive electrode layer is prepared into a toothed structure by a corresponding cell layer mold forming and covering equipment.

5. The negative electrode cell assembly according to claim 1, comprising, in sequence, a negative electrode electrolyte layer, a front negative electrode layer, a negative electrode current collector layer, and a rear negative electrode layer; its preparation method is as follows: S20. The negative electrode electrolyte ring is formed in a ring on the toothed surface of the previous electrode ring with the previous electrode ring as the center. The toothed structure of the inner ring surface of the negative electrode electrolyte ring and the outer ring surface of the previous electrode ring are nested, filled, covered and compacted. The outer ring surface of the negative electrode electrolyte ring is formed into a toothed structure by a corresponding cell layer mold forming and covering equipment. S21. The front negative electrode layer is prepared in a ring shape on the toothed surface of the negative electrode electrolyte layer with the negative electrode electrolyte layer as the center. The toothed structure of the inner ring surface of the front negative electrode layer and the outer ring surface of the negative electrode electrolyte layer are nested, filled, covered and compacted. The outer ring surface of the front negative electrode layer is prepared into a toothed structure by a corresponding cell layer mold forming and covering equipment. S22. The negative electrode current collector ring is prepared in a ring on the toothed surface of the previous negative electrode ring with the previous negative electrode ring as the center; the toothed structure of the inner ring surface of the negative electrode current collector ring and the outer ring surface of the previous negative electrode ring are nested, filled, covered and compacted with each other; the outer ring surface of the negative electrode current collector ring is prepared into a toothed structure by a corresponding cell layer mold forming and covering equipment. S23. The rear negative electrode layer is prepared in a ring on the toothed surface of the negative electrode current collector layer with the negative electrode current collector layer as the center. The toothed structure of the inner ring surface of the rear negative electrode layer and the outer ring surface of the negative electrode current collector layer are nested, filled, covered and compacted. The outer ring surface of the rear negative electrode layer is prepared into a toothed structure by a corresponding cell layer mold forming and covering equipment.

6. The final electrolyte layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The final electrolyte ring is formed in a ring around the last electrode ring of the nth positive or negative cell assembly, with the last electrolyte ring as the center. The inner ring of the final electrolyte ring and the outer ring of the last electrode ring of the nth positive or negative cell assembly are nested, filled, covered and compacted with each other. The outer ring of the final electrolyte ring is formed into a toothed structure by a corresponding cell layer mold forming and covering equipment.

7. The encapsulated positive or negative electrode layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positive or negative electrode ring is prepared in a ring shape on the toothed surface of the last electrolyte ring with the last electrolyte ring as the center. The toothed structure of the inner ring surface of the positive or negative electrode ring and the outer ring surface of the last electrolyte ring are nested, filled, covered and compacted. The outer ring surface of the positive or negative electrode ring is prepared into a smooth outer ring surface by a corresponding cell layer mold forming and covering equipment.

8. The toothed structure of the inner and outer annular surfaces of the electrode ring layer according to claims 3 to 7 has the following characteristics: (1) The inner and outer ring surfaces of the electrode ring are uniformly provided with multiple opposing or staggered tooth-like structures, the number of which is determined by the diameter of the electrode ring and the size and tooth pitch of the tooth-like structures. (2) The number of teeth, tooth shape, size, and thickness of the inner and outer annular surfaces of the electrode ring are the same or different; (3) The ratio of the tooth thickness of the inner and outer annular surfaces of the electrode ring to the total thickness of the electrode ring is (6-9):10; (4) The ratio of the teeth to the tooth pitch on the inner and outer annular surfaces of the electrode ring is (10~1): (1~10). (5) The shapes of the teeth on the inner and outer annular surfaces of the electrode ring include trapezoidal, rectangular, triangular, semi-circular arc, etc.

9. The electrode layer according to claims 3 to 8, comprising a positive electrode layer, a negative electrode layer, a current collector layer, and an electrolyte layer; wherein the thickness of the positive electrode layer is 20 to 300 μm; the thickness of the negative electrode layer is 0 to 200 μm; the thickness of the current collector layer is 0 to 50 μm; and the thickness of the electrolyte layer is 5 to 50 μm.

10. The positive and negative electrode encapsulation according to claim 1, comprising: a positive electrode insulating ring, a negative electrode insulating ring, a positive electrode current collector ring, a negative electrode current collector ring, a positive electrode tab, a positive electrode sealant, and a negative electrode sealant, characterized in that: The aforementioned positive electrode insulating ring refers to the insulating ring laid in the groove of the positive electrode cell assembly at the negative end of the solid-state battery body; the aforementioned negative electrode insulating ring refers to the insulating ring laid in the groove of the negative electrode cell assembly at the positive end of the solid-state battery body; the aforementioned positive electrode current collector ring refers to the positive electrode current collector ring laid at the positive end of the solid-state battery body, connecting all positive electrode current collector layers and the central composite three-dimensional current collector; the aforementioned negative electrode current collector ring refers to the negative electrode current collector ring laid at the negative end of the solid-state battery body, connecting all negative electrode current collector layers and the encapsulated negative electrode layer; the aforementioned positive electrode tab is welded to the central composite three-dimensional current collector; the aforementioned positive electrode sealant and negative electrode sealant are respectively laid as insulating and sealing adhesives at the positive and negative ends of the solid-state battery body.

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