Integrated antenna integrating Beidou, low-orbit and Tiantong satellite communication and high-precision navigation positioning

Abstract

The invention provides an integrated antenna integrating Beidou, low-orbit and Tiantong satellite communication and high-precision navigation positioning. A low-orbit satellite microstrip antenna, a GNSS high-precision microstrip antenna, a Tiantong microstrip antenna and a Beidou short message microstrip antenna are sequentially stacked on the upper surface of a PCB in a conical mode. A shielding cover is arranged on the lower side of the PCB; antenna radiation patches of the low-orbit satellite microstrip antenna are arranged on the outer edges of the upper surface and the lower surface of the low-orbit satellite antenna substrate and are not covered by the GNSS high-precision microstrip antenna; circuits of the low-orbit satellite microstrip antenna and the sky-pass microstrip antenna are arranged on the upper surface of the PCB circuit substrate. And circuits of the GNSS high-precision microstrip antenna and the Beidou short message microstrip antenna are arranged on the lower surface of the PCB. According to the invention, the four-in-one combined design of the antenna, the low-orbit satellite antenna, the Beidou short message antenna and the high-precision navigation antenna is adopted, so that the problem of performance insufficiency when each antenna is used independently is solved, complementation among the antenna, the low-orbit satellite antenna, the Beidou short message antenna and the high-precision navigation antenna is realized, and the cost is reduced; the electromagnetic compatibility between the antennas is improved through frequency band and polarization isolation design, and the stability of a communication link is guaranteed through interference resistance of the peripheral low-orbit satellite antenna.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to an integrated antenna integrating Beidou, low-orbit and Tianhong satellite communication and high-precision navigation and positioning. BACKGROUND

[0002] Currently, Tianhong antennas, low-orbit satellite antennas, Beidou short message antennas and high-precision navigation antennas have their own advantages and shortcomings, for example, Tianhong antennas can provide stable communication services for voice, data and short message communication, but their coverage range is relatively small and signal transmission delay is high; low-orbit satellite antennas provide internet access and low-delay communication for high-speed internet access, voice and data communication, but cannot be positioned; Beidou short message antennas can transmit and receive short messages for short message service and positioning, but do not support high-speed data transmission; high-precision antennas can achieve high-precision positioning and navigation, but cannot communicate. Therefore, in order to realize the comprehensiveness, efficiency and reliability of the communication and navigation system, electronic devices often need to be equipped with multiple types of antennas for different application requirements.

[0003] The prior art is usually to design Tianhong antennas, low-orbit satellite antennas, Beidou short message antennas and high-precision navigation antennas separately, or to design Tianhong antennas and low-orbit satellite antennas, Beidou short message antennas and high-precision navigation antennas in pairs, or to integrate multiple antenna types in a stacked form of microstrip antenna. Referring to the Beidou and Tianhong two-in-one antenna in Figure 1 , which comprises a Beidou antenna end 1, a Tianhong antenna end 2, a connector 3 and an outlet end 4. The Beidou antenna end and the Tianhong antenna end are designed together in a scheme in which the upper and lower ends are connected by a connector, and are connected together by two outlet wires, realizing the design of Beidou and Tianhong two-in-one antenna. Such a design not only cannot cover the integration of other antennas, but also has relatively high manufacturing cost and needs to be optimized. For the design of integrating multiple antenna types in a stacked form of microstrip antenna, the isolation between the antennas is poor, especially for antennas with small frequency band difference, and such a combination form has the problem of electromagnetic compatibility deterioration. In addition, there are a large amount of electromagnetic interference in space due to the wide use of electronic devices, and anti-interference is also a problem that needs to be considered when designing integrated antennas.

[0004] Therefore, it is a technical problem to be solved to develop a multi-in-one and integrated antenna with good electromagnetic compatibility, strong anti-interference and low cost. SUMMARY

[0005] Due to the above defects of the prior art, the application provides an integrated antenna and its assembly, which combines four-in-one design of the sky antenna, the low-orbit satellite antenna, the Beidou short message antenna and the high-precision navigation antenna, solves the performance deficiency of each antenna used alone, realizes the complementation between the sky antenna, the low-orbit satellite antenna, the Beidou short message antenna and the high-precision navigation antenna, and reduces the cost; the electromagnetic compatibility between the antennas is improved through frequency band and polarization isolation design, the stability of the communication link is ensured through the anti-interference of the peripheral low-orbit satellite antenna.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the application provides an integrated antenna integrating Beidou, low-orbit and sky satellite communication and high-precision navigation positioning, comprising a PCB circuit substrate; further comprising:

[0007] The low-orbit satellite microstrip antenna, the GNSS (global navigation satellite system) high-precision microstrip antenna, the sky microstrip antenna and the Beidou short message microstrip antenna are sequentially and conically stacked above the PCB circuit substrate; a shielding cover is arranged on the lower side of the PCB circuit substrate;

[0008] The antenna radiation patch of the low-orbit satellite microstrip antenna is arranged on the outer edge of the upper and lower surfaces of the low-orbit satellite antenna substrate and is not covered by the GNSS high-precision microstrip antenna;

[0009] The circuits of the low-orbit satellite microstrip antenna and the sky microstrip antenna are arranged on the upper surface of the PCB circuit substrate; the circuits of the GNSS high-precision microstrip antenna and the Beidou short message microstrip antenna are arranged on the lower surface of the PCB circuit substrate;

[0010] The low-orbit satellite microstrip antenna is a circularly polarized array antenna, and the working frequency band is 368-402.4MHz; the GNSS high-precision microstrip antenna is a circularly polarized antenna, and the working frequency band is 1160-1270MHz and 1555-1630MHz; the sky antenna is a left-handed circularly polarized array antenna, the transmitting frequency band is 1995MHz±15MHz, and the receiving frequency band is 2185MHz±15MHz; the Beidou short message microstrip antenna is a circularly polarized antenna, wherein the transmitting antenna is a left-handed circularly polarized antenna, the transmitting frequency band is 1610-1628MHz, and the receiving antenna is a right-handed circularly polarized antenna, and the receiving frequency band is 2491.75MHz±8.16MHz.

[0011] The frequency bands of each antenna in the integrated antenna do not coincide, the GNSS high-precision microstrip antenna, the Tiantong antenna and the Beidou short message transmitting antenna adopt different polarization modes, polarization isolation exists between each other, and the overall electromagnetic compatibility of the communication system is improved; in the antenna distribution structure, the low-orbit satellite antenna is distributed on the periphery of the entire antenna, and forms a spatial filtering effect for the internal antenna, which can effectively reduce the interference from other directions in space, suppress the interference of other frequency band signals, and ensure the stability of the communication link.

[0012] Further, the low-orbit satellite microstrip antenna comprises a low-orbit satellite antenna substrate, four groups of first antenna radiation patches distributed on the upper and lower surfaces of the low-orbit satellite antenna substrate, four first feeding columns and four first short columns; the first feeding column and the first short column respectively pass through the feeding through hole and the shorting through hole on the low-orbit satellite antenna substrate, the lower end of the first feeding column extends to the PCB circuit substrate and is not connected with the ground plate to form a feeding port; the end of the first short column extends to the PCB circuit substrate and is connected with the ground plate to form a radiation structure; the phase difference of the four first feeding columns is 90°, and the circuits of the feeding ports thereof are first combined in two by two through the LC bridge circuit arranged on the upper surface of the PCB circuit substrate, four-way signals are synthesized into two-way signals, then the two-way signals are synthesized into one-way signal through the microstrip bridge to form a circularly polarized array antenna.

[0013] Further, the GNSS high-precision microstrip antenna comprises a GNSS high-precision antenna substrate arranged above the low-orbit satellite antenna substrate, second antenna radiation patches distributed on the upper and lower surfaces of the GNSS high-precision antenna substrate, four second feeding columns and four second short columns; the second antenna radiation patch comprises a main radiation unit and a sub-radiation unit; the main radiation unit and the sub-radiation unit are coupled with each other, and a radiation connection point and a slot radiation structure are arranged therebetween; four second feeding columns are arranged on the main radiation unit, the four second feeding columns respectively pass through the feeding through hole on the GNSS high-precision antenna substrate, the lower end of the second feeding column extends but does not contact the low-orbit satellite antenna to the PCB circuit substrate, and is not connected with the ground plate; four second short columns are arranged on the outer edge of the GNSS high-precision antenna substrate, the end of the second short column does not contact the low-orbit satellite antenna and extends to the PCB circuit substrate and is connected with the ground plate to form a radiation structure; the phase difference of the four second feeding columns is 90°, the circuits of the four second feeding columns are first combined in two by two through two combiners arranged on the upper surface of the PCB circuit substrate, four-way signals are synthesized into two-way signals, then the two-way signals are synthesized into one-way signal through another combiner to form a circularly polarized antenna; the signal is then split into two-way signals, the two-way signals are respectively amplified by LNA, filtered by a filter, and amplified again by LNA, and finally a high-precision microstrip antenna satisfying the requirements of covering 1160-1270MHz / 1555-1630MHz two frequency bands is output.

[0014] In the technical solution, the circuit of the GNSS high-precision antenna is provided with a filter circuit, which can further improve the electromagnetic compatibility of the antenna.

[0015] Further, the transmitting antenna function of the Beidou short message microstrip antenna is realized through the GNSS high-precision microstrip antenna and the Beidou short message transmitting circuit. The 1550-1630 MHz frequency band of the GNSS high-precision antenna can cover the transmitting frequency of the Beidou short message: 1610-1628 MHz, so that the GNSS high-precision antenna and the Beidou short message transmitting circuit can realize the transmitting antenna function of the Beidou short message, that is, the high-precision antenna can realize the functions of the high-precision navigation and positioning antenna and the communication function of the Beidou short message antenna, and fully play the multiplexing capability of the antenna.

[0016] Further, the Tianxi microstrip antenna comprises a Tianxi antenna substrate arranged above the GNSS high-precision antenna substrate, third antenna radiation patches distributed on the upper and lower surfaces of the Tianxi antenna substrate, and four third feeding columns; the third antenna radiation patches comprise main radiation units and auxiliary radiation units; the main radiation units and the auxiliary radiation units are coupled to each other, and a radiation connection point and a slot radiation structure are arranged between the main radiation units and the auxiliary radiation units; the four third feeding columns pass through the feeding through holes on the Tianxi antenna substrate, respectively, and extend to the PCB circuit substrate without contacting the ground through the GNSS high-precision microstrip antenna and the low-orbit satellite microstrip antenna; the four third feeding columns have a phase difference of 90°, and the circuits of the feeding ports thereof first perform two-by-two combining through the LC bridge circuit arranged on the upper surface of the PCB circuit substrate to synthesize four signals into two signals, and then perform two-by-two signal synthesis through the microstrip bridge to synthesize two signals into one signal, forming a circularly polarized antenna.

[0017] Further, the Beidou short message microstrip antenna comprises a Beidou short message antenna substrate arranged above the Tianxi antenna substrate, fourth antenna radiation patches distributed on the upper and lower surfaces of the Beidou short message antenna substrate, and one fourth feeding column; the fourth feeding column passes through the feeding through hole on the Beidou short message antenna substrate, and extends to the PCB circuit substrate without contacting the ground through the Tianxi microstrip antenna, the GNSS high-precision microstrip antenna, and the low-orbit satellite microstrip antenna; the circuit of the Beidou short message microstrip antenna amplifies the antenna signal through an LNA, filters the signal through a filter, and amplifies the signal again through an LNA, and outputs a signal suitable for a receiver.

[0018] Further, the diameter of the bottom of the integrated antenna is less than 120 mm, and the height is less than 35 mm. The antenna is small in size, and the utilization rate of the application space is improved.

[0019] Further, the material of the antenna radiation patch is one of silver, copper, and aluminum or an alloy thereof, and the material of the substrate is FR4 (glass fiber reinforced epoxy resin) or PPO (polyphenylene oxide).

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages or beneficial effects:

[0021] (1) The integrated antenna of the present application combines the CMMB antenna, low-orbit satellite antenna, Beidou short message antenna, and high-precision navigation antenna into one, solves the performance deficiencies of each antenna used alone, realizes the complementation between the CMMB antenna, low-orbit satellite antenna, Beidou short message antenna, and high-precision navigation antenna, can reduce the maintenance and operation costs of multiple independent systems, and improves the application space utilization rate; the electromagnetic compatibility between the antennas is improved through frequency band and polarization isolation design, and the stability of the communication link is ensured. The following benefits can be brought about by the common arrangement of the CMMB antenna, low-orbit satellite antenna, Beidou short message antenna, and high-precision navigation antenna:

[0022] Enhanced coverage: By combining different types of antennas, coverage of a wider geographical area can be achieved, whether in cities, rural areas, or remote areas.

[0023] Improved communication reliability: Different types of antennas can provide multiple communication methods, such as voice, data, short message, and positioning information, thereby improving the reliability of communication.

[0024] Reduced communication delay: Low-orbit satellite antennas can provide low-delay communication services, while ground communication systems (such as CMMB) can provide stable connections, and the combination of the two can reduce overall communication delay.

[0025] Enhanced emergency communication capability: Beidou short message antennas and high-precision navigation antennas can be used for emergency communication and positioning, and the common arrangement can provide rapid response and rescue services in the event of a disaster.

[0026] Multi-service integration: Through common arrangement, multiple services can be integrated, such as voice communication, data transmission, navigation and positioning, and short message service, providing a one-stop solution for users.

[0027] Improved system redundancy: By arranging multiple types of antennas in one system, other systems or antennas can take over work when a system or antenna fails, improving the overall redundancy and reliability of the system.

[0028] Optimized resource utilization: Common arrangement can optimize the use of satellite resources, and through the complementation of different types of antennas, satellite spectrum and space resources can be more effectively utilized.

[0029] Enhanced user experience: Users can choose the most suitable communication and positioning services according to their own needs, thereby improving user experience.

[0030] (2) The integrated antenna of the application designs the low-orbit satellite antenna in the periphery of the high-precision antenna, the Tian Tong antenna and the Beidou short message, forms a spatial filtering effect for the internal antenna, can effectively reduce the interference from other directions in space, suppresses the interference of other frequency band signals, so as to fully utilize the advantages of different types of antennas, and improve the overall performance and adaptability of the communication system.

[0031] (3) The circuit of the low-orbit satellite antenna and the Tian Tong antenna in the integrated antenna of the application is a passive circuit, and is arranged on the upper surface of the PCB circuit substrate; the circuit of the high-precision navigation positioning antenna and the Beidou short message antenna is an active antenna, and is arranged on the lower surface of the PCB circuit substrate, and a shielding cover is used to protect the circuit from the interference of external clutter signals, the design is reasonable, the structure is clear, and the processing and maintenance are facilitated. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0032] The present application and its features, shapes and advantages will become more apparent through reading the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference signs indicate the same parts throughout the drawings. The drawings are not drawn according to scale, and the emphasis is on showing the main idea of the application.

[0033] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a traditional Beidou Tian Tong two-in-one antenna;

[0034] Figure 2 It is a side view structural explosion diagram of the integrated antenna in an embodiment of the application;

[0035] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional structural explosion diagram of the integrated antenna in an embodiment of the application;

[0036] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the low-orbit satellite microstrip antenna circuit in an embodiment of the application;

[0037] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the GNSS high-precision microstrip antenna circuit in an embodiment of the application;

[0038] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the Tian Tong microstrip antenna circuit in an embodiment of the application;

[0039] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the Beidou short message microstrip antenna circuit in an embodiment of the application;

[0040] Among them, 1. Beidou antenna end; 2. Tiantong antenna end; 3. Connector; 4. Outgoing line end; 100. PCB circuit board; 200. Low-orbit satellite antenna board; 201. First antenna radiating patch; 202. First feed post; 203. First short-circuit post; 300. GNSS high-precision antenna board; 301. Second antenna radiating patch; 302. Second feed post; 303. Second short-circuit post; 400. Tiantong antenna board; 401. Third antenna radiating patch; 402. Third feed post; 500. Beidou short message antenna board; 501. Fourth antenna radiating patch; 502. Fourth feed post; 600. Shielding cover; 700. Wiring harness. Detailed Implementation

[0041] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that all of these exemplary embodiments described are merely some embodiments and examples of the present invention, and not all of them. Rather, these exemplary embodiments are provided so that those skilled in the art can more thoroughly understand the present disclosure and to more completely convey the technical content of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0042] The antenna substrates, feed posts, shorting posts, etc., involved in the following embodiments and examples are all commercially available. In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth to provide a more thorough understanding of the invention. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that known electronic devices or circuit structures (such as LC bridges, microstrip bridges, filters, low-noise amplifiers (LNAs), combiners, etc.) are not described or shown in detail to avoid obscuring the spirit of the invention.

[0043] Comparative Example

[0044] See Figure 1 Traditional BeiDou-TianTong dual-mode antennas consist of a BeiDou antenna end 1, a TianTong antenna end 2, a connector 3, and an output cable end 4. The BeiDou and TianTong antenna ends are structurally designed to be connected together at their top and bottom ends via a connector, and then connected by two output cables to achieve a single BeiDou-TianTong antenna design. This design not only makes it difficult to integrate with other antennas, but also results in relatively high manufacturing costs.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] See Figure 2 and Figure 3 This embodiment provides an integrated antenna that combines BeiDou, low-orbit, and Tiantong satellite communication with high-precision navigation and positioning, including a PCB circuit board 100; and also includes:

[0047] The low-orbit satellite microstrip antenna, the GNSS high-precision microstrip antenna, the Tian Tong microstrip antenna, and the Beidou short message microstrip antenna are sequentially and conically stacked above the PCB circuit substrate 100, and the shielding cover 600 is arranged on the lower side of the PCB circuit substrate 100. The antenna radiation patch of the low-orbit satellite microstrip antenna is arranged on the outer edge of the upper and lower surfaces of the low-orbit satellite antenna substrate 200 and is not covered by the GNSS high-precision microstrip antenna.

[0048] As a preferred example, the low-orbit satellite microstrip antenna comprises a low-orbit satellite antenna substrate 200, four groups of first antenna radiation patches 201 distributed on the outer edges of the upper and lower surfaces of the low-orbit satellite antenna substrate 200, four first feeding columns 202, and four first shorting columns 203. The first feeding column 202 and the first shorting column 203 respectively pass through the feeding through hole and the shorting through hole on the low-orbit satellite antenna substrate 200, the lower end of the first feeding column 202 extends to the PCB circuit substrate 100 and is not connected to the ground plate to form a feeding port, and the end of the first shorting column 203 extends to the PCB circuit substrate 100 and is connected to the ground plate to form a radiation structure, thereby improving the efficiency and directivity of the antenna. Referring to Figure 4 The phase difference of the four first feeding columns 202 is 90°, the circuit of the feeding port first passes through the LC bridge circuit arranged on the upper surface of the PCB circuit substrate 100 to combine two signals into four signals, then passes through the microstrip bridge to combine two signals into one signal, and finally forms a circularly polarized array antenna.

[0049] The GNSS high-precision microstrip antenna comprises a GNSS high-precision antenna substrate 300 arranged above the low-orbit satellite antenna substrate 200, second antenna radiation patches 301 distributed on the upper and lower surfaces of the GNSS high-precision antenna substrate 300, four second feeding columns 302, and four second shorting columns 303. The second antenna radiation patch 301 comprises a main radiation unit and a sub-radiation unit. The main radiation unit and the sub-radiation unit are coupled to each other, specific radiation connection points and slot radiation structures are arranged between the two, the resonant frequency of the antenna is controlled, the bandwidth of the antenna is increased, and the distribution of the electromagnetic field is changed, so that the frequency band of the high-precision antenna is achieved. Four second feeding columns 302 are arranged on the main radiation unit, the second feeding column 302 passes through the feeding through hole on the GNSS high-precision antenna substrate 300, the lower end of the second feeding column 302 extends to the PCB circuit substrate 100 without contacting the low-orbit satellite antenna and is not connected to the ground plate. Four second shorting columns 303 are arranged on the outer edge of the GNSS high-precision antenna substrate 300, the end of the second shorting column 303 extends to the PCB circuit substrate without contacting the low-orbit satellite antenna and is connected to the ground plate to form a radiation structure, thereby improving the efficiency and directivity of the antenna. Referring to Figure 5, the phase difference of the four second feeding columns 302 is 90°, the circuit of the four second feeding columns 302 first passes through two combiners arranged on the upper surface of the PCB circuit substrate to combine two by two, four signals are synthesized into two signals, and then another combiner is used to combine two signals into one signal, forming a circularly polarized array antenna; the signal is then split into two signals, which are respectively amplified by LNA, filtered by a filter, and then amplified by LNA again, and finally a high-precision microstrip antenna meeting the requirements of covering 1160-1270MHz / 1555-1630MHz two frequency bands is output. The circuit of the GNSS high-precision antenna is provided with a filtering circuit, which can further improve the electromagnetic compatibility of the antenna.

[0050] In addition, the transmitting antenna function of the Beidou short message microstrip antenna is realized through the GNSS high-precision microstrip antenna and the Beidou short message transmitting circuit. The 1550-1630MHz frequency band of the GNSS high-precision antenna can cover the transmitting frequency of the Beidou short message: 1610-1628MHz, so that the GNSS high-precision antenna and the Beidou short message transmitting circuit can realize the transmitting antenna function of the Beidou short message, that is, the high-precision antenna can realize the functions of the high-precision navigation and positioning antenna and the communication function of the Beidou short message antenna, fully exerting the multiplexing capability of the antenna.

[0051] The Tianhong microstrip antenna comprises a Tianhong antenna substrate 400 arranged above the GNSS high-precision antenna substrate 300, third antenna radiation patches 401 and four third feeding columns 402 distributed on the upper and lower surfaces of the Tianhong antenna substrate 400; the third antenna radiation patch 401 comprises a main radiation unit and a sub-radiation unit; the main radiation unit and the sub-radiation unit are coupled to each other, and a radiation connection point and a gap radiation structure are arranged between the two to control the resonant frequency of the antenna, increase the bandwidth of the antenna, and change the distribution of the electromagnetic field, thereby achieving the frequency band of the Tianhong antenna; the four third feeding columns 402 respectively pass through the feeding through holes on the Tianhong antenna substrate 400, and the lower ends thereof pass through the GNSS high-precision microstrip antenna and the low-orbit satellite microstrip antenna to the PCB circuit substrate without contacting the ground, and are not connected to the ground plate; see Figure 6 , the phase difference of the four third feeding columns is 90°, and the circuit of the feeding port thereof first passes through LC bridge circuits arranged on the upper surface of the PCB circuit substrate to combine two by two, four signals are synthesized into two signals, and then a microstrip bridge is used to combine two signals into one signal, forming a circularly polarized antenna.

[0052] The Beidou short message microstrip antenna comprises a Beidou short message antenna substrate 500 arranged above the Tian Tong antenna substrate 400, a fourth antenna radiation patch 501 distributed on the upper and lower surfaces of the Beidou short message antenna substrate 500, and a fourth feeding column 502; the fourth feeding column 502 passes through the feeding through hole on the Beidou short message antenna substrate 500, and the lower end of the fourth feeding column 502 passes through the Tian Tong microstrip antenna, the GNSS high-precision microstrip antenna and the low-orbit satellite microstrip antenna to the PCB circuit substrate without being connected to the ground plate. Figure 7 The circuit of the Beidou short message microstrip antenna amplifies the antenna signal by LNA, filters by a filter, amplifies again by LNA, and outputs a signal suitable for a receiver.

[0053] The circuits of the low-orbit satellite antenna and the Tian Tong antenna are passive circuits and are arranged on the upper surface of the PCB circuit substrate 100; the circuits of the high-precision navigation positioning antenna and the Beidou short message antenna are active antennas and are arranged on the lower surface of the PCB circuit substrate 100, and a shielding cover is used to protect the circuits from external noise signals, and power is supplied through a wire harness 700.

[0054] The low-orbit satellite microstrip antenna is a circularly polarized array antenna, and the working frequency band is 368-402.4 MHz; the GNSS high-precision microstrip antenna is a circularly polarized antenna, and the working frequency band is 1160-1270 MHz and 1555-1630 MHz; the Tian Tong antenna is a left-handed circularly polarized array antenna, and the transmitting frequency band is 1995 MHz±15 MHz and the receiving frequency band is 2185 MHz±15 MHz; the Beidou short message microstrip antenna is a circularly polarized antenna, wherein the transmitting antenna is a left-handed circularly polarized antenna, and the transmitting frequency band is 1610-1628 MHz; the receiving antenna is a right-handed circularly polarized antenna, and the receiving frequency band is 2491.75 MHz±8.16 MHz.

[0055] In terms of the antenna distribution structure, the low-orbit satellite antenna is distributed on the periphery of the entire antenna, and forms a spatial filtering effect for the internal antennas, which can effectively reduce the interference from other directions in space, suppress the interference of other frequency bands, and ensure the stability of the communication link, so as to fully utilize the advantages of different types of antennas and improve the overall performance and adaptability of the communication system.

[0056] The antenna radiation patches on the surfaces of the Tian Tong antenna, the low-orbit satellite antenna, the Beidou short message antenna and the high-precision navigation antenna are all made of metal materials, which are usually silver or copper, and can also be made of aluminum to reduce the cost; the antenna substrate is made of FR4, PPO or other high-molecular materials.

[0057] The size of the antenna: diameter <120 mm, height <35 mm; the antenna is designed in a tapered and stacked manner, which can effectively space multiplex and reduce the size of the antenna.

[0058] The preferred embodiments of the present application have been described. It is to be understood that the application is not limited to the above specific embodiments, and that devices and structures not described in detail should be understood to be implemented in the ordinary way in the art; any person skilled in the art can make many possible changes and modifications to the technical solutions of the present application, or modify them into equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes, without departing from the scope of the technical solutions of the present application, which does not affect the essential content of the present application. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present application, without departing from the content of the technical solutions of the present application, still belongs to the scope of protection of the technical solutions of the present application.

Claims

1. An integrated antenna combining BeiDou, low-orbit, and Tiantong satellite communication with high-precision navigation and positioning, comprising a PCB circuit board (100); characterized in that, Also includes: The PCB circuit board (100) is stacked in a conical shape above the low-orbit satellite microstrip antenna, GNSS high-precision microstrip antenna, Tiantong microstrip antenna and Beidou short message microstrip antenna. A shielding cover is provided on the lower side of the PCB circuit board (100); The antenna radiating patch of the low-orbit satellite microstrip antenna is located on the outer edge of the upper and lower surfaces of the low-orbit satellite antenna substrate (200) and is not covered by the GNSS high-precision microstrip antenna. The circuits of the low-orbit satellite microstrip antenna and the Tiantong microstrip antenna are disposed on the upper surface of the PCB circuit board (100); The circuits of the GNSS high-precision microstrip antenna and the Beidou short message microstrip antenna are disposed on the lower surface of the PCB circuit board (100); The low-orbit satellite microstrip antenna is a circularly polarized array antenna with an operating frequency band of 368~402.4MHz; the GNSS high-precision microstrip antenna is a circularly polarized antenna with an operating frequency band of 1160~1270MHz and 1555~1630MHz; the Tiantong antenna is a left-hand circularly polarized antenna with a transmitting frequency band of 1995MHz±15MHz and a receiving frequency band of 2185MHz±15MHz; the Beidou short message microstrip antenna is a circularly polarized antenna, wherein the transmitting antenna is a left-hand circularly polarized antenna with a transmitting frequency band of 1610~1628MHz, and the receiving antenna is a right-hand circularly polarized antenna with a receiving frequency band of 2491.75MHz±8.16MHz.

2. The integrated antenna for BeiDou, low-orbit, and Tiantong satellite communication and high-precision navigation and positioning as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The low-orbit satellite microstrip antenna includes a low-orbit satellite antenna substrate (200) disposed above a PCB circuit board (100), four sets of first antenna radiating patches (201) distributed on the outer edges of the upper and lower surfaces of the low-orbit satellite antenna substrate (200), four first feed posts (202), and four first short-circuit posts (203); the first feed posts (202) and the first short-circuit posts (203) pass through the feed vias and short-circuit vias on the low-orbit satellite antenna substrate (200), respectively, and the lower end of the first feed post (202) extends to P. On the CB circuit board (100), a feed port is formed without being connected to the ground plane; the first short-circuit post (203) extends to the PCB circuit board (100) and is connected to the ground plane to form a radiating structure; the four first feed posts (202) are 90° out of phase, and the circuit of their feed port is first combined in pairs through the LC bridge circuit set on the upper surface of the PCB circuit board (100), and the four signals are combined into two signals, and then the two signals are combined into one signal through the microstrip bridge to form a circularly polarized array antenna.

3. An integrated antenna for BeiDou, low Earth orbit, and Tiantong satellite communication and high-precision navigation and positioning as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The GNSS high-precision microstrip antenna includes a GNSS high-precision antenna substrate (300) disposed above the low-orbit satellite antenna substrate (200), a second antenna radiating patch (301) distributed on the upper and lower surfaces of the GNSS high-precision antenna substrate (300), four second feed posts (302), and four second short-circuit posts (303); the second antenna radiating patch (301) includes a main radiating element and a sub-radiating element; the main radiating element and the sub-radiating element are coupled to each other, and a radiating connection point and a slot radiating structure are provided between them; the main radiating element is provided with four second feed posts (302), and the four second feed posts (302) pass through the feed through holes on the GNSS high-precision antenna substrate (300) respectively, and the second feed posts ( 302) The lower end extends through the low-orbit satellite antenna to the PCB circuit board (100) without contact, and is not connected to the ground plane; the outer edge of the GNSS high-precision antenna board (300) is provided with four second short-circuit pillars (303), the ends of the second short-circuit pillars extend through the low-orbit satellite antenna to the PCB circuit board without contact and are connected to the ground plane to form a radiating structure; the phase difference of the four second feed pillars (302) is 90°, the circuit of the four second feed pillars (302) is first combined in pairs by two combiners set on the upper surface of the PCB circuit board, the four signals are combined into two signals, and then the two signals are combined into one signal by another combiner to form a circularly polarized antenna; the signal is then split into two signals, the two signals are amplified by LNA, filtered by filter, and amplified by LNA again, and finally outputs a high-precision microstrip antenna that meets the requirements covering two frequency bands of 1160~1270MHz / 1555~1630MHz.

4. An integrated antenna for BeiDou, low Earth orbit, and Tiantong satellite communication and high-precision navigation and positioning as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The transmitting antenna function of the BeiDou short message microstrip antenna is realized through the GNSS high-precision microstrip antenna and the BeiDou short message transmitting circuit.

5. An integrated antenna for BeiDou, low-orbit, and Tiantong satellite communication and high-precision navigation and positioning as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The Tiantong microstrip antenna includes a Tiantong antenna substrate (400) disposed above the GNSS high-precision antenna substrate (300), a third antenna radiating patch (401) distributed on the upper and lower surfaces of the Tiantong antenna substrate (400), and four third feed pillars (402); the third antenna radiating patch (401) includes a main radiating element and a sub-radiating element; the main radiating element and the sub-radiating element are coupled to each other, and a radiating connection point and a slot radiating structure are provided between them; Four third feed posts (402) pass through the feed through holes on the antenna substrate (400) respectively, and extend to the PCB circuit board without contact with the GNSS high-precision microstrip antenna and the low-orbit satellite microstrip antenna. They are not connected to the ground plane. The phase difference of the four third feed posts is 90°. The circuit of their feed ports is first combined in pairs through the LC bridge circuit set on the upper surface of the PCB circuit board. The four signals are combined into two signals, and then the two signals are combined into one signal through the microstrip bridge to form a circularly polarized antenna.

6. An integrated antenna for BeiDou, low Earth orbit, and Tiantong satellite communication and high-precision navigation and positioning as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The BeiDou short message microstrip antenna includes a BeiDou short message antenna substrate (500) disposed above the Tiantong antenna substrate (400), a fourth antenna radiating patch (501) distributed on the upper and lower surfaces of the BeiDou short message antenna substrate (500), and a fourth feed post (502); the fourth feed post (502) passes through the feed through hole on the BeiDou short message antenna substrate (500), and its lower end passes through the Tiantong microstrip antenna, the GNSS high-precision microstrip antenna, and the low-orbit satellite microstrip antenna without contact, extending to the PCB circuit board, and is not connected to the ground plane; in the circuit of the BeiDou short message microstrip antenna, the antenna signal is amplified by an LNA, filtered by a filter, and amplified by an LNA again to output a signal suitable for use by the receiver.

7. An integrated antenna for BeiDou, low Earth orbit, and Tiantong satellite communication and high-precision navigation and positioning as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The overall bottom diameter of the integrated antenna is less than 120mm and the height is less than 35mm.

8. An integrated antenna for combining BeiDou, low Earth orbit, and Tiantong satellite communication with high-precision navigation and positioning according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The antenna radiating patch is made of silver, copper, aluminum or an alloy thereof, and the substrate is made of FR4 or PPO.

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