5G low-delay communication optimization system for industrial internet

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of wireless communication, and discloses an industrial internet-oriented 5G low-delay communication optimization system, which comprises an industrial-grade RedCap terminal module, a slice management arrangement module, an enhanced base station and an edge computing gateway, the industrial-grade RedCap terminal module is configured with a simplified radio frequency transceiver unit, and selects one of the simplified radio frequency transceiver unit to execute Uu interface direct transmission or side link relay; a slice management arrangement module constructs a time domain hard isolation and frequency domain soft sharing resource pool, an enhanced base station generates a dynamic sub-time slot, special allocation is executed in the time domain hard isolation resource pool and a preemption mechanism is activated, and an edge computing gateway cooperates with a network side and equipment side time sensitive network conversion unit to correct data packet residence time. According to the invention, the low time delay is ensured while the hardware complexity is reduced by locking the radio frequency bandwidth and cooperating with the sub-slot scheduling, the non-key service scrambling is eliminated by using the time domain hard isolation, and the full-coverage clock synchronization is realized by combining the side relay and the residence time correction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wireless communication technology, specifically to a 5G low-latency communication optimization system for the industrial internet. Background Technology

[0002] With the widespread application of 5G mobile communication technology in vertical industrial sectors, a large number of cost-sensitive and power-constrained wireless sensors and actuators are deployed in industrial settings. Existing full-featured 5G terminal modules, configured with high-bandwidth RF transceiver units and complex high-order modulation and demodulation logic to support enhanced mobile broadband services, result in high terminal hardware costs and limited battery life, making it difficult to meet the low-cost requirements of large-scale industrial deployments. Simply using narrow-bandwidth IoT technology, limited by physical layer transmission rates and frame structure design, cannot meet the stringent requirements of ultra-reliable, low-latency communication for industrial control applications. How to reduce terminal hardware complexity while ensuring low-latency performance of air interface transmission through protocol stack optimization is a current challenge in industrial-grade communication module design.

[0003] Industrial production environments handle a mix of services, including high-definition video surveillance and production control commands. When network load fluctuates or becomes congested, large volumes of enhanced mobile broadband (EMB) service data packets can easily overwhelm limited physical layer time-frequency resources, causing critical industrial control commands to queue and accumulate at the base station. While traditional service quality-priority-based scheduling mechanisms can differentiate service levels to some extent, they struggle to provide strict time deterministic isolation at the physical layer symbol level when faced with sudden surges in traffic. This results in unpredictable jitter in control signal transmission, ultimately affecting the synchronous and stable operation of industrial automated production lines.

[0004] The complex environment of industrial plants, with its numerous metal equipment and concrete structures, causes severe path loss and multipath fading in the propagation of base station wireless signals. Industrial equipment located at the coverage edge or in blind spots is prone to communication link interruptions. Furthermore, high-end manufacturing demands nanosecond-level clock synchronization accuracy for time-sensitive networks. Existing mobile communication networks introduce dynamically changing transmission delays when transmitting precise time protocol messages due to air interface retransmission, queuing, and core network processing. The lack of a precise measurement and correction mechanism for the residence time of data packets within the 5G network makes it difficult to seamlessly integrate mobile communication networks as transparent clocks into industrial time-sensitive network systems, limiting the depth of 5G technology application in high-precision manufacturing. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a 5G low-latency communication optimization system for the industrial internet. It solves the problems of existing technologies failing to meet ultra-high reliability and low-latency communication indicators, mixed service congestion causing jitter in industrial control command transmission, and the existence of communication blind spots in industrial sites and the lack of clock synchronization mechanisms adapted to time-sensitive networks.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this invention provides a 5G low-latency communication optimization system for the industrial internet, comprising: an industrial-grade RedCap terminal module, an enhanced base station, an edge computing gateway, and a slice management and orchestration module.

[0007] The industrial-grade RedCap terminal module features a simplified RF transceiver unit. This unit locks the RF receive and transmit bandwidths to specific values ​​and disables processing logic corresponding to high-frequency bands. It also masks the index entries for high-order quadrature amplitude modulation in the modulation and coding strategy table. The industrial-grade RedCap terminal module generates industrial control service data packets. When it determines that the industrial control service data packet is an ultra-reliable low-latency communication service, it sends an uplink scheduling request carrying high-priority service indication information. Based on the communication link quality, it selects to transmit directly via the Uu interface or relayed through the sidelink communication unit to the enhanced base station. It then reports terminal capability information, including a high processing speed capability indication, to the enhanced base station. This high processing speed capability indication informs the enhanced base station that it supports a shortened physical downlink shared channel processing time and a shortened physical uplink shared channel preparation time.

[0008] The slice management and orchestration module comprises a load data acquisition unit and a slice resource dynamic configuration unit. The load data acquisition unit collects data on packet arrivals using traffic monitoring probes and reads the queue depth values ​​of enhanced base stations to obtain observed load values. The slice resource dynamic configuration unit uses a smoothing factor to perform a weighted summation of the observed load values ​​and historical load estimates to obtain a smoothed estimate of the service load. Based on the smoothed estimate of the service load, the protection margin coefficient, the time-domain duration of sub-slots, the frequency-domain bandwidth of a single physical resource block, and the average spectral efficiency, the slice resource dynamic configuration unit calculates the number of reserved resource blocks for the next scheduling cycle.

[0009] The slice resource dynamic configuration unit generates resource expansion or release instructions based on the number of reserved resource blocks. It calculates the isolation granularity parameters of the slice resources. The unit constructs a physical layer time-frequency resource grid and divides it into a time-domain hard-isolation resource pool and a frequency-domain soft-shared resource pool. Finally, the unit outputs resource configuration instructions optimized for 5G low-latency communication to the enhanced base station.

[0010] The enhanced base station includes a physical layer resource scheduling unit and an interference monitoring unit. The enhanced base station receives resource configuration instructions and uplink scheduling requests. The physical layer resource scheduling unit initiates dynamic sub-slot generation logic. The physical layer resource scheduling unit divides the radio frame into a sub-slot structure containing a specific number of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols. The enhanced base station allocates dedicated time slot resources in the time-domain hard isolation resource pool according to isolation granularity parameters to perform low-latency scheduling optimization. After receiving high-priority service indication information, the physical layer resource scheduling unit configures the start symbol position and duration length in the radio frame structure. Based on the start symbol position and duration length, the physical layer resource scheduling unit uses a joint coding algorithm to generate unique start and duration indication values.

[0011] The physical layer resource scheduling unit sends start and length indication values ​​to the industrial-grade RedCap terminal module via downlink control information. The slice resource dynamic configuration unit determines the time position of the time-domain hard isolation resource pool based on the isolation period parameters and the dedicated symbol width reserved for ultra-reliable low-latency communication services. Within the time range covered by the time-domain hard isolation resource pool, the enhanced base station only processes scheduling requests for ultra-reliable low-latency communication services and blocks resource allocation for enhanced mobile broadband services. Within the time range covered by the frequency-domain soft shared resource pool, the physical layer resource scheduling unit allocates physical resource blocks using a weighted round-robin algorithm. If the current symbol index belongs to the time-domain hard isolation resource pool, the physical layer resource scheduling unit activates a preemption mechanism to interrupt non-critical service transmissions.

[0012] The interference monitoring unit measures the total received signal power at the physical uplink shared channel resource location and obtains the instantaneous industrial interference power value. When the instantaneous industrial interference power value exceeds the safety tolerance, the physical layer resource scheduling unit generates a positive power boost command. The industrial-grade RedCap terminal module receives the power boost command and calculates the uplink physical channel transmit power based on the maximum RF output power, the nominal expected received power reference value, the allocated frequency domain resource bandwidth compensation term, the path loss compensation term, and the accumulated closed-loop power correction step size.

[0013] When an industrial-grade RedCap terminal module detects that the communication link quality with the enhanced base station is below a threshold, it activates its sidelink communication unit and sends data packets to neighboring industrial-grade RedCap terminal modules acting as relay nodes via the PC5 interface. The neighboring industrial-grade RedCap terminal modules forward the data packets to the enhanced base station. The enhanced base station identifies the service type identifier of the data packets; if it matches an industrial control service, it forwards the data packets to the edge computing gateway. The industrial-grade RedCap terminal module receives relay response messages from multiple neighboring industrial-grade RedCap terminal modules and calculates a cooperative relay preference index for each neighboring industrial-grade RedCap terminal module. The cooperative relay preference index is calculated by weighting the sidelink signal received power measured by the sidelink communication unit, the Uu interface signal received power reported by the neighboring industrial-grade RedCap terminal modules, and the data buffer occupancy rate of the neighboring industrial-grade RedCap terminal modules. The industrial-grade RedCap terminal module selects the neighboring industrial-grade RedCap terminal module with the highest cooperative relay preference index value as the target relay node.

[0014] The edge computing gateway receives industrial control service data packets from the enhanced base station via the N3 interface. The edge computing gateway uses a network-side time-sensitive network conversion unit (TSN) in conjunction with a device-side TSN to calculate the dwell time of the data packets in the 5G network. The network-side TSN records the ingress timestamp of the downlink data packet and encapsulates it into the header extension field of the downlink data packet. The device-side TSN records the egress timestamp of the downlink data packet. The industrial-grade RedCap terminal module calculates the dwell time correction based on the difference between the egress and ingress timestamps, the cumulative rate ratio between the enhanced base station and the edge computing gateway, and the Ethernet link asymmetric delay compensation value. The industrial-grade RedCap terminal module adds the dwell time correction to the original correction field value of the precise time protocol event message of the downlink data packet.

[0015] When triggering a connection reconstruction or restoration process, the industrial-grade RedCap terminal module generates a short message integrity verification code using the Radio Resource Control Integrity Protection Key, the physical cell identifier of the currently camped enhanced base station, locally maintained next-hop chain counter parameters, and a system-preset encrypted salt value. The industrial-grade RedCap terminal module sends a request message containing the short message integrity verification code and a context recovery identifier to the enhanced base station. The enhanced base station retrieves the user equipment security context based on the context recovery identifier and verifies the short message integrity verification code. If the verification matches, the user equipment security context is directly activated.

[0016] This invention provides a 5G low-latency communication optimization system for the Industrial Internet. It has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention reduces terminal hardware cost and power consumption by locking the RF receive and RF transmit bandwidth to 20 MHz and disabling high-frequency band processing logic through an industrial-grade RedCap terminal module. The physical layer resource scheduling unit, in conjunction with a high-processing-speed capability indicator, divides the wireless frame into a sub-slot structure containing 2, 4, or 7 orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbols. The physical layer resource scheduling unit compensates for the transmission rate loss caused by reduced bandwidth by employing a shortened physical downlink shared channel processing time. This 5G low-latency communication optimization system for the industrial internet meets the transmission latency requirements of ultra-reliable low-latency communication services while reducing hardware complexity.

[0017] 2. This invention constructs a physical layer time-frequency resource grid through a slice resource dynamic configuration unit, dividing it into a time-domain hard-isolated resource pool and a frequency-domain soft-shared resource pool. Within the time range covered by the time-domain hard-isolated resource pool, enhanced base stations shield the resource allocation for enhanced mobile broadband services. The slice resource dynamic configuration unit calculates the number of reserved resource blocks using a smoothed estimate of the service load. When the physical layer resource scheduling unit detects a symbol index belonging to the time-domain hard-isolated resource pool, it activates a preemption mechanism. This 5G low-latency communication optimization system for the industrial internet eliminates resource contention for critical services by non-critical services, ensuring the deterministic transmission capability of industrial control services in congested scenarios.

[0018] 3. This invention extends the signal coverage of the enhanced base station by activating the side-link communication unit of the industrial-grade RedCap terminal module when the communication link quality is below a threshold and utilizing adjacent industrial-grade RedCap terminal modules for relay transmission. The network-side time-sensitive network conversion unit, in conjunction with the device-side time-sensitive network conversion unit, calculates the dwell time of data packets in the 5G network. The industrial-grade RedCap terminal module uses the dwell time correction to update the correction domain value of the Precision Time Protocol event message. This 5G low-latency communication optimization system for the Industrial Internet solves the communication interruption problem caused by obstructions in industrial settings and achieves transparent clock synchronization between the mobile communication network and the time-sensitive network. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a system architecture diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of wireless frame temporal resource partitioning and slice resource pool allocation in this invention. Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the relay cooperative communication method based on the side link of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of packet dwell time correction based on time-sensitive networking in this invention.

[0020] Among them, 100 is the industrial-grade RedCap terminal module; 101 is the simplified RF transceiver unit; 102 is the side-side walkway communication unit; 103 is the device-side time-sensitive network conversion unit; 200 is the enhanced base station; 201 is the physical layer resource scheduling unit; 202 is the interference monitoring unit; 300 is the edge computing gateway; 301 is the local user plane function unit; 302 is the network-side time-sensitive network conversion unit; 400 is the slice management and orchestration module; 401 is the load data acquisition unit; and 402 is the slice resource dynamic configuration unit. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] See attached document Figure 1 This invention provides a 5G low-latency communication optimization system for the industrial internet, including: an industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100, an enhanced base station 200, an edge computing gateway 300, and a slice management and orchestration module 400.

[0023] The industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100, serving as the sensing and execution end of this system, is installed in the industrial production site. It establishes a physical connection with external field sensors or industrial actuators through an industrial bus interface. The industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100 is internally configured with a simplified RF transceiver unit 101, which is configured to support a maximum operating bandwidth of 20MHz and an antenna configuration mode of 1 transmit and 1 receive or 2 transmit and 1 receive. The industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100 is also configured with a side link communication unit 102, which is used to establish a direct communication connection between the module and an adjacent industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100 on the PC5 interface. The industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100 is also configured with a device-side time-sensitive network conversion unit 103, which is used to process the timestamp field of Ethernet frames.

[0024] On the network access side, the enhanced base station 200 establishes a connection with the mobile communication core network through an optical fiber fronthaul link or a microwave backhaul link. The enhanced base station 200 includes a physical layer resource scheduling unit 201, which manages the time-domain and frequency-domain resources of the radio air interface. The physical layer resource scheduling unit 201 is configured with dynamic sub-time slot generation logic, which can re-divide the time slot structure in the radio frame into a sub-time slot structure containing 2, 4, or 7 orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbols. The enhanced base station 200 includes an interference monitoring unit 202, which is used to measure the uplink signal-to-interference-to-noise ratio and the received signal strength in real time.

[0025] To achieve local data offloading and rapid processing, the edge computing gateway 300 is deployed in a local access room or industrial park aggregation room near the enhanced base station 200. The edge computing gateway 300 establishes a user plane data transmission channel with the enhanced base station 200 through the N3 interface. The edge computing gateway 300 integrates a local user plane function unit 301, which is used to perform local traffic offloading operations according to the data packet routing policy. The edge computing gateway 300 also integrates a network-side time-sensitive network conversion unit 302, which works in conjunction with the device-side time-sensitive network conversion unit 103 to calculate the dwell time of data packets in the network. The edge computing gateway 300 establishes a data connection through the N6 interface.

[0026] The slice management and orchestration module 400 establishes a control connection with the enhanced base station 200 and the edge computing gateway 300 through a management network interface. The slice management and orchestration module 400 includes a load data acquisition unit 401, which is used to obtain service traffic statistics information from the enhanced base station 200 and the edge computing gateway 300. The slice management and orchestration module 400 also includes a slice resource dynamic configuration unit 402, which is used to calculate the isolation granularity parameters of the slice resources based on the service traffic statistics information. The slice resource dynamic configuration unit 402 sends the isolation granularity parameters to the enhanced base station 200 to adjust the scheduling strategy of the physical layer resource scheduling unit 201.

[0027] In actual operation, the industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100 and the enhanced base station 200 transmit uplink and downlink data through the Uu interface. The enhanced base station 200 divides the Uu interface into dedicated time slot resources and shared time slot resources according to the instructions issued by the slice resource dynamic configuration unit 402. The dedicated time slot resources are only allowed to transmit control signaling or data for high reliability low latency communication services, while the shared time slot resources are allowed to transmit high reliability low latency communication service data and enhanced mobile broadband service data.

[0028] In response to the complex electromagnetic environment of industrial sites, when the industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100 detects that the communication link quality with the enhanced base station 200 is lower than a preset threshold, it sends data packets to the adjacent industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100, which acts as a relay node, through the side link communication unit 102. The relay node forwards the received data packets to the enhanced base station 200. After receiving the data packets, the enhanced base station 200 identifies the service type identifier of the data packets. If the service type identifier matches industrial control services, the enhanced base station 200 forwards the data packets to the edge computing gateway 300. The edge computing gateway 300 directly routes the data packets to the local industrial control system through the local user plane function unit 301, without going through the mobile communication core network.

[0029] To ensure the transmission quality of critical services, before data transmission, the industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100 generates industrial control service data packets, parses the service quality level identifier of the industrial control service data packets, and determines whether the industrial control service data packets belong to ultra-reliable low-latency communication services based on the service quality level identifier.

[0030] Based on the above judgment results, if the industrial control service data packet belongs to the ultra-reliable low-latency communication service, the industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100 sends an uplink scheduling request to the enhanced base station 200. The uplink scheduling request carries high-priority service indication information. The enhanced base station 200 receives the uplink scheduling request, and the physical layer resource scheduling unit 201 of the enhanced base station 200 starts the dynamic sub-slot scheduling logic according to the high-priority service indication information. The physical layer resource scheduling unit 201 configures the start symbol position and duration in the current radio frame structure. The duration is 2 orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbols, 4 orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbols, or 7 orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbols.

[0031] After resource configuration is completed, the enhanced base station 200 sends downlink control information to the industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100 through the downlink control channel. The downlink control information includes a resource allocation indication for the physical uplink shared channel. The industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100 sends industrial control service data packets in the specified sub-time slot according to the resource allocation indication. The enhanced base station 200 receives the industrial control service data packets and identifies the data network name of the industrial control service data packets. If the data network name matches the local edge computing service, the enhanced base station 200 routes the industrial control service data packets to the edge computing gateway 300 through the N3 interface.

[0032] Edge computing gateway 300 receives industrial control service data packets. The network-side time-sensitive network conversion unit 302 of edge computing gateway 300 records the entry time of industrial control service data packets into the 5G network. Edge computing gateway 300 determines the exit time of industrial control service data packets from the 5G network. The network-side time-sensitive network conversion unit 302 calculates the basic dwell time based on the difference between the time when industrial control service data packets leave edge computing gateway 300 and the time when they enter enhanced base station 200. The network-side time-sensitive network conversion unit 302 further corrects the basic dwell time based on the relative clock drift rate between enhanced base station 200 and edge computing gateway 300 to obtain the final dwell time.

[0033] The network-side time-sensitive network conversion unit 302 adds the calculated dwell time to the precise time protocol correction field of the industrial control business data packet, and sends the corrected industrial control business data packet to the local industrial control system through the N6 interface.

[0034] If the industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100 determines that the quality of the current communication link with the enhanced base station 200 is lower than the preset access threshold, the industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100 activates the side link communication unit 102, searches for neighboring industrial-grade RedCap terminal modules 100 through the PC5 interface, and sends industrial control service data packets to the neighboring industrial-grade RedCap terminal modules 100. The neighboring industrial-grade RedCap terminal modules 100 then forward the industrial control service data packets to the enhanced base station 200.

[0035] To adapt to the specific cost and power consumption constraints of industrial scenarios, the industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100 initializes a simplified radio frequency transceiver unit 101, locking the radio frequency receiving bandwidth to 20 MHz and the radio frequency transmitting bandwidth to 20 MHz, disabling the high-frequency band processing logic corresponding to frequency range 2 in the radio frequency front-end circuit, and retaining only support for frequency range 1, i.e., the frequency band below 6 GHz.

[0036] The industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100 is configured with internal baseband processing logic, setting the maximum number of transmit antenna ports to 1 and the maximum number of receive antenna ports to 1 or 2. In the modulation and coding strategy table, the index entry for 256th order quadrature amplitude modulation is masked. The industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100 only activates the demodulation algorithms for quadrature phase shift keying, 16th order quadrature amplitude modulation, and 64th order quadrature amplitude modulation.

[0037] The industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100 reports terminal capability information to the enhanced base station 200. The terminal capability information includes a high processing speed capability indication, which is used to inform the enhanced base station 200 that the industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100 supports shortened physical downlink shared channel processing time and shortened physical uplink shared channel preparation time.

[0038] The enhanced base station 200 calculates the minimum processing delay budget required to meet data processing and response preparation based on the shortened physical downlink shared channel processing time capability and physical uplink shared channel preparation time capability supported by the industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100, combined with the symbol duration corresponding to the current subcarrier interval and the uplink timing advance.

[0039] The industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100 compensates for the impact of transmission rate loss caused by bandwidth reduction on end-to-end latency by adopting shortened physical downlink shared channel processing time and physical uplink shared channel preparation time parameters. After receiving downlink control information sent by the enhanced base station 200, the industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100 completes data decoding and hybrid automatic repeat request feedback generation within the time window that meets the data processing latency.

[0040] See attached document Figure 2 In order to further reduce the air interface transmission latency from the network side, the enhanced base station 200 establishes a time-domain resource grid at the physical layer, divides a radio frame into 10 subframes, and divides each subframe into multiple standard time slots according to the subcarrier spacing configuration. Each standard time slot contains 14 orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbols.

[0041] The physical layer resource scheduling unit 201 enables sub-slot partitioning logic. The physical layer resource scheduling unit 201 further divides the standard time slot into multiple transmission time interval units in the time domain. The length of the transmission time interval unit is configured to be 2 orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbols, 4 orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbols, or 7 orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbols. The physical layer resource scheduling unit 201 issues a time domain resource allocation table to the industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100 through radio resource control signaling. The time domain resource allocation table contains multiple row indices, and each row index corresponds to a combination of start symbol position and length.

[0042] When ultra-reliable low-latency communication service data arrives, the physical layer resource scheduling unit 201 selects a row index with a length of less than 7 in the time domain resource allocation table. The physical layer resource scheduling unit 201 instructs the row index to the industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100 through downlink control information. The industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100 performs data reception or transmission in the specified sub-time slot according to the downlink control information.

[0043] To ensure coverage performance under shortened transmission time intervals, the physical layer resource scheduling unit 201 configures a sub-time slot aggregation transmission mode and sets an aggregation repetition factor. The industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100 repeatedly transmits the same transmission block on multiple consecutive sub-time slots.

[0044] The physical layer resource scheduling unit 201 calculates the total physical layer air interface time required to complete one complete data block transmission based on the configured sub-slot aggregation repetition factor and the number of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbols occupied by each repeated transmission, combined with the single symbol duration under the current subcarrier interval.

[0045] The physical layer resource scheduling unit 201 dynamically adjusts the values ​​of the aggregation repetition factor and the sub-time slot length. When the channel quality indicator is lower than the preset threshold, the physical layer resource scheduling unit 201 increases the value of the aggregation repetition factor to improve the reception success rate. When the channel quality indicator is higher than the preset threshold and the service delay requirements are strict, the physical layer resource scheduling unit 201 decreases the value of the aggregation repetition factor and selects a smaller sub-time slot length to reduce the total duration of physical layer transmission.

[0046] The industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100 parses the time-domain resource allocation domain in the downlink control information. The industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100 determines the time-domain mapping range of the physical downlink shared channel or the physical uplink shared channel based on the position and length of the starting symbol. The industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100 only performs baseband signal sampling or radio frequency signal transmission within the time-domain mapping range.

[0047] The physical layer resource scheduling unit 201 of the enhanced base station 200 determines the time-domain resource allocation parameters for the industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100. The time-domain resource allocation parameters include the starting symbol index and the allocation length. The physical layer resource scheduling unit 201 selects the allocation length from a set of values ​​containing 2, 4 and 7. The physical layer resource scheduling unit 201 ensures that the combination of the starting symbol index and the allocation length does not exceed the time boundary of the current standard time slot.

[0048] The physical layer resource scheduling unit 201 performs a joint coding operation. Based on the start symbol index of the current transport block and the continuous length of the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbol, the physical layer resource scheduling unit 201 uses a joint coding algorithm to generate unique start and length indication values. This joint coding algorithm ensures that any legal combination within the standard time slot boundary corresponds to a unique indication value.

[0049] The physical layer resource scheduling unit 201 performs channel coding and rate matching on the generated downlink control information. The enhanced base station 200 sends downlink control information through the physical downlink control channel. The enhanced base station 200 sets a priority indication field in the downlink control information. The priority indication field is used to identify that the current scheduling belongs to ultra-reliable low-latency communication services.

[0050] The industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100 listens to the physical downlink control channel in the control resource center, performs blind detection on the received signal, and after successfully decoding the downlink control information, it parses the time-domain resource allocation field to obtain the start and length indication values. The industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100 uses the same reverse algorithm as the physical layer resource scheduling unit 201 to restore the start symbol index and allocation length. The industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100 activates the radio frequency transceiver circuit according to the restored start symbol index and allocation length.

[0051] The slice management and orchestration module 400 constructs a physical layer time-frequency resource grid. The physical layer time-frequency resource grid consists of continuous orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbols in the time domain and continuous physical resource blocks in the frequency domain. The slice resource dynamic configuration unit 402 logically divides the physical layer time-frequency resource grid into a time domain hard isolation resource pool and a frequency domain soft shared resource pool.

[0052] The time-domain hard isolation resource pool consists of periodically distributed dedicated time-domain symbols. The slice resource dynamic configuration unit 402 establishes an absolute priority transmission channel for ultra-reliable low-latency communication services. Within the time range covered by the time-domain hard isolation resource pool, the enhanced base station 200 only processes scheduling requests for ultra-reliable low-latency communication services. Within the time range covered by the time-domain hard isolation resource pool, the enhanced base station 200 shields the resource allocation for enhanced mobile broadband services.

[0053] The frequency domain soft shared resource pool consists of the remaining time domain symbols excluding the time domain hard isolated resource pool. Within the time range covered by the frequency domain soft shared resource pool, the physical layer resource scheduling unit 201 allows ultra-reliable low-latency communication services and enhanced mobile broadband services to coexist. The physical layer resource scheduling unit 201 uses a weighted round-robin algorithm to allocate physical resource blocks within the frequency domain soft shared resource pool.

[0054] The slice resource dynamic configuration unit 402 determines the time position of the time-domain hard isolation resource pool through mathematical set definition. The time position of the time-domain hard isolation resource pool satisfies the following formula: in: This is the discrete-time index of the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbol within the current radio frame; It is a set of integers; The total number of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbols contained in a radio frame; The isolation period parameter set for the slice resource dynamic configuration unit 402, in units of symbols; To reserve dedicated symbol width for ultra-reliable low-latency communication services in each isolation period; This is a modulo operation performed on the isolation period parameters; To determine the set of symbol indexes that belong to the time-domain hard-isolated resource pool.

[0055] At each scheduling moment, the physical layer resource scheduling unit 201 checks whether the current symbol index belongs to the symbol index set. If the current symbol index belongs to the symbol index set, the physical layer resource scheduling unit 201 activates the preemption mechanism, forcibly interrupts the ongoing non-critical service transmission, and uses all frequency domain resources to ensure ultra-reliable low-latency communication services.

[0056] If the current symbol index does not belong to the symbol index set, the physical layer resource scheduling unit 201 activates the shared scheduling mechanism, calculates the scheduling weight according to the service quality level identifier of different services, and dynamically allocates physical resource blocks in the frequency domain according to the scheduling weight.

[0057] The load data acquisition unit 401 deploys a traffic monitoring probe at the medium access control layer interface of the enhanced base station 200. The traffic monitoring probe counts the number of data packets arriving for the ultra-reliable low-latency communication service in discrete time steps. The load data acquisition unit 401 reads the queue depth value of the internal buffer of the enhanced base station 200. The load data acquisition unit 401 summarizes the counted number of data packets arriving and the queue depth value into an observed load value. The load data acquisition unit 401 transmits the observed load value to the slice resource dynamic configuration unit 402.

[0058] The slice resource dynamic configuration unit 402 receives the observed load value. In order to eliminate the impact of sudden pulse interference in the industrial field on resource allocation decisions, the slice resource dynamic configuration unit 402 starts the exponential weighted moving average calculation logic. The slice resource dynamic configuration unit 402 combines the historical load estimate of the previous moment with the observed load value of the current moment for weighted processing. The slice resource dynamic configuration unit 402 uses a preset smoothing factor to perform weighted summation of the observed load value of the current moment and the historical load estimate of the previous moment, thereby obtaining a smoothed estimate of the service load that can suppress sudden interference.

[0059] The slice resource dynamic configuration unit 402 sets the specific value of the smoothing factor according to the periodic characteristics of the industrial control business. When the industrial control business exhibits high-frequency jitter characteristics, the slice resource dynamic configuration unit 402 reduces the value of the smoothing factor to enhance the filtering effect. When the industrial control business exhibits step change characteristics, the slice resource dynamic configuration unit 402 increases the value of the smoothing factor to improve the tracking sensitivity.

[0060] The slice resource dynamic configuration unit 402 stores the calculated service load smoothing estimate in a local register. The slice resource dynamic configuration unit 402 passes the service load smoothing estimate as an input parameter to the resource boundary determination logic in the next stage. The slice resource dynamic configuration unit 402 uses the service load smoothing estimate to predict the amount of spectrum resources required for the next scheduling cycle.

[0061] The slice resource dynamic configuration unit 402 obtains the average spectral efficiency feedback of the current wireless channel from the physical layer resource scheduling unit 201. The slice resource dynamic configuration unit 402 reads the system preset protection margin coefficient, which is used to deal with the error deviation in service traffic prediction. The slice resource dynamic configuration unit 402 reads the time domain duration under the current sub-slot configuration. The slice resource dynamic configuration unit 402 reads the frequency domain bandwidth value of a single physical resource block.

[0062] The slice resource dynamic configuration unit 402 calculates the number of reserved resource blocks required in the next scheduling cycle based on the smoothed estimate of the service load. The number of reserved resource blocks represents the minimum size of the frequency domain resource set required to ensure zero-congestion transmission of ultra-reliable low-latency communication services.

[0063] The number of reserved resource blocks is calculated according to the following formula: in: The total number of physical resource blocks available to the enhanced base station 200 within the system carrier bandwidth; The service load smoothing estimate calculated by the slice resource dynamic configuration unit 402 in the previous stage represents the total number of bits to be transmitted, in bits. The protection margin coefficient is set for the slice resource dynamic configuration unit 402. The protection margin coefficient is a constant greater than 0. The time-domain duration of the sub-slot currently configured for the physical layer resource scheduling unit 201, in seconds; Frequency domain bandwidth of a single physical resource block, in Hertz; The average spectral efficiency under the current channel conditions reported by the physical layer resource scheduling unit 201, in bits per second per hertz; This represents the round-up operator; To calculate the discrete-time scheduling steps The corresponding number of reserved resource blocks.

[0064] The slice resource dynamic configuration unit 402 compares the number of reserved resource blocks with the threshold parameters set by the system. When the number of reserved resource blocks exceeds the high load threshold, the slice resource dynamic configuration unit 402 generates a resource expansion instruction. The resource expansion instruction instructs the physical layer resource scheduling unit 201 to increase the number of dedicated symbols in the time-domain hard isolation resource pool.

[0065] When the number of reserved resource blocks is lower than the low load threshold, the slice resource dynamic configuration unit 402 generates a resource release instruction. The resource release instruction instructs the physical layer resource scheduling unit 201 to reduce the number of dedicated symbols in the time-domain hard isolation resource pool. The slice resource dynamic configuration unit 402 then returns the released time-domain symbol resources to the frequency-domain soft shared resource pool.

[0066] The physical layer resource scheduling unit 201 receives resource expansion instructions or resource release instructions, updates the time domain resource mapping table, and the enhanced base station 200 performs subsequent air interface scheduling according to the updated time domain resource mapping table. The enhanced base station 200 ensures that data packets of ultra-reliable low-latency communication services are preferentially mapped to the physical resource range covered by the number of reserved resource blocks.

[0067] The enhanced base station 200 generates a system broadcast message. In the system broadcast message, the enhanced base station 200 configures the physical random access channel parameters. The enhanced base station 200 sets the configuration period of the physical random access channel to be consistent with the length of the dynamic sub-time slot. The enhanced base station 200 specifies that the physical random access channel adopts the short sequence preamble format. The number of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbols occupied by the short sequence preamble format is less than 2.

[0068] The industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100 receives system broadcast messages, parses physical random access channel parameters, and determines the available random access transmission opportunities in the current radio frame. The random access transmission opportunities are densely distributed in the time domain at the beginning of each sub-slot.

[0069] The industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100 generates a random access message A, which includes a preamble and a physical uplink shared channel payload. At the physical layer, the preamble and the physical uplink shared channel payload are time-division multiplexed and spliced ​​together.

[0070] The industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100 sends a random access message A at the selected random access transmission time, and completes the reporting of the preamble detection request and device identification information in one uplink transmission. It can directly send the service data payload without waiting for the random access response message from the enhanced base station 200.

[0071] The enhanced base station 200 receives the random access message A, detects the preamble portion to calculate the uplink timing advance, demodulates the physical uplink shared channel payload portion to obtain the temporary mobile user identifier of the industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100, and sends the random access message B through the physical downlink control channel in the next sub-time slot. The random access message B contains a contention resolution identifier and an uplink timing advance instruction.

[0072] The industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100 receives the random access message B, compares it with the contention resolution identifier, and if the contention resolution identifier matches, it determines that the random access process is successful. It then adjusts the transmission time of subsequent uplink transmissions according to the uplink timing advance instruction and enters the radio resource control connection state.

[0073] The industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100 continuously monitors the downlink reference signal transmitted by the enhanced base station 200 through the simplified radio frequency transceiver unit 101, measures the reference signal received power of the downlink reference signal, and compares the reference signal received power with a preset handover decision threshold.

[0074] When the reference signal received power is lower than the handover decision threshold, the industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100 activates the side link communication unit 102. The side link communication unit 102 broadcasts a relay request message on the side link discovery channel of the PC5 interface. The relay request message contains the quality of service requirement parameters of the industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100.

[0075] Neighboring industrial-grade RedCap terminal modules 100 within the communication range of industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100 receive relay request messages. Neighboring industrial-grade RedCap terminal modules 100 detect the uplink quality between themselves and the enhanced base station 200 and their current battery power status. If the neighboring industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100 meets the relay service conditions, the neighboring industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100 sends a relay response message to the industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100. The relay response message includes the device identifier and link quality indicators of the neighboring industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100.

[0076] See attached document Figure 3 The industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100 receives relay response messages from multiple adjacent industrial-grade RedCap terminal modules 100 and calculates the cooperative relay preference index for each candidate adjacent node based on the relay response messages.

[0077] The cooperative relay optimization index is calculated according to the following formula: in: For the first The index number of the adjacent industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100 that sends a relay response message; The measurement obtained from the side link communication unit 102 is from the first The side link signal received power of an adjacent industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100, in decibels and milliwatts; For the first The received power of the Uu interface signal between an adjacent industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100 and the enhanced base station 200, reported in the relay response message, in decibels and milliwatts; For the first The current data buffer occupancy rate of each adjacent industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100, with a value ranging from 0 to 1; These are the side-link quality weighting coefficients, used to adjust the importance of side-link communication quality in routing decisions; These are the backhaul link quality weighting coefficients, used to adjust the importance of backhaul link communication quality in routing decisions; This is the load balancing weighting coefficient, used to reduce the probability of high-load nodes being selected as relay nodes; For the calculated first The overall score of 100 adjacent industrial-grade RedCap terminal modules.

[0078] The industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100 selects the neighboring industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100 with the highest cooperative relay preference index value as the target relay node. The side link communication unit 102 sends a connection establishment request to the target relay node. The industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100 encapsulates the industrial control business data packet into a PC5 interface adaptation layer protocol data unit. The industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100 sends the PC5 interface adaptation layer protocol data unit to the target relay node via unicast.

[0079] The target relay node receives the PC5 interface adaptation layer protocol data unit, extracts the industrial control service data packet, maps the industrial control service data packet to its own physical uplink shared channel, and forwards the industrial control service data packet to the enhanced base station 200.

[0080] When the industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100 first accesses the enhanced base station 200, it performs a complete authentication and key negotiation process. The enhanced base station 200 and the industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100 negotiate to generate and store a radio resource control integrity protection key. The enhanced base station 200 establishes a user plane security context for the industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100 in its local memory. The user plane security context includes the serial number status, robust header compression configuration parameters, and data radio bearer configuration information. The enhanced base station 200 assigns a context recovery identifier to the industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100.

[0081] When the industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100 experiences a wireless link failure or performs D2D relay access, the industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100 triggers a connection reconstruction process, constructs a radio resource control recovery request message, calculates a short message integrity verification code using the radio resource control integrity protection key, and fills the short message integrity verification code field of the radio resource control recovery request message with the short message integrity verification code.

[0082] The industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100 concatenates the locally stored fast recovery key, context recovery identifier, and generated freshness random number, and performs operations on the concatenated data using a pre-negotiated one-way cryptographic hash function to generate an authentication verification value used to prove the legitimacy of the identity.

[0083] The industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100 sends a connection restoration request message containing an authentication verification value and a freshness random number to the enhanced base station 200. The enhanced base station 200 receives the connection restoration request message, retrieves the fast recovery key from its local storage based on the context recovery identifier, performs a hash operation using the retrieved fast recovery key, the received context recovery identifier, and the freshness random number, and compares the result with the received authentication verification value.

[0084] If the calculation result matches the authentication verification value, the enhanced base station 200 determines that the industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100 is legitimate. The enhanced base station 200 immediately activates the associated user plane security context, sends a connection restoration completion message to the industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100, and restores the data transmission function of the data radio bearer without having to re-execute the authentication and key negotiation process. The enhanced base station 200 notifies the edge computing gateway 300 to update the downlink data path.

[0085] See attached document Figure 4When the industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100 enters the inactive state of Radio Resource Control, it stores the user equipment security context. The user equipment security context includes the next-hop chain counter parameters and the Radio Resource Control integrity protection key. When the industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100 detects a trigger event that switches from the side link communication mode back to the cellular link communication mode, the industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100 starts the connection recovery process.

[0086] The industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100 obtains the physical cell identifier of the enhanced base station 200, reads the locally stored next-hop chain counter parameters, and generates a short message integrity verification code using the radio resource control integrity protection key.

[0087] The calculation of the SMS integrity verification code follows the formula below: in: The radio resource control integrity protection key negotiated and determined for the industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100 before entering the inactive state; The physical cell identifier of the enhanced base station 200 where the industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100 is currently camped; The next-hop chain counter parameters are locally maintained for the industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100 to prevent replay attacks; The system is pre-set with an encrypted salt value to increase the computational difficulty of dictionary attacks; This is the bitwise XOR operator. This is a modulo truncation operation performed on a 32-bit binary number; This is the final short message integrity verification code generated for quick access authentication.

[0088] The industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100 constructs a radio resource control recovery request message, which includes a context recovery identifier and a short message integrity verification code, and sends the radio resource control recovery request message to the enhanced base station 200.

[0089] The enhanced base station 200 receives a radio resource control recovery request message, retrieves the user equipment security context from the local memory based on the context recovery identifier, reads the retrieved radio resource control integrity protection key, and calculates the local verification code using the same algorithm as the industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100.

[0090] The enhanced base station 200 compares the local verification code with the short message integrity verification code in the radio resource control recovery request message. If the comparison results are consistent, the enhanced base station 200 confirms the legitimacy of the industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100, skips the authentication and key negotiation process, skips the non-access stratum security mode command process, and directly sends the radio resource control recovery message to the industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100.

[0091] The industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100 receives the radio resource control recovery message, activates the data radio bearer according to the user equipment security context, and resumes encrypted data transmission with the enhanced base station 200.

[0092] The enhanced base station 200 performs interference noise power measurement at the physical uplink shared channel resource location, obtains the total power of the received signal in the current time slot, and subtracts the expected signal power and the system thermal noise floor power from the total power of the received signal to obtain the instantaneous industrial interference power value.

[0093] The enhanced base station 200 inputs the instantaneous industrial interference power value to the physical layer resource scheduling unit 201. The physical layer resource scheduling unit 201 calculates the transmit power correction value for the industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100. When the instantaneous industrial interference power value exceeds the preset safety tolerance, the physical layer resource scheduling unit 201 generates a positive power boost command. When the instantaneous industrial interference power value is lower than the preset silence threshold, the physical layer resource scheduling unit 201 generates a negative power suppression command to reduce radiation pollution to neighboring cells. The enhanced base station 200 encapsulates the transmit power correction value in the transmit power control command field of the downlink control information.

[0094] The industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100 receives downlink control information, parses the transmit power control command field to extract the closed-loop correction step size, and calculates the uplink physical channel transmit power of the current time subframe based on the maximum RF output power, the nominal expected received power reference value, the allocated frequency domain resource bandwidth compensation term, the path loss compensation term, and the accumulated closed-loop power correction step size. The smaller value between the calculated result and the maximum RF output power is selected as the final transmit power.

[0095] The industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100 configures the calculated uplink physical channel transmit power to the RF power amplifier. When the uplink physical channel transmit power reaches the maximum allowed RF output power, the industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100 triggers the power margin report reporting process to notify the enhanced base station 200 that it is currently in a power-limited state. After receiving the power margin report, the enhanced base station 200 stops sending positive power boost commands.

[0096] The edge computing gateway 300 is configured with a network-side time-sensitive network conversion unit 302 to receive time-sensitive network precise time protocol event messages from an external time-sensitive network master clock. When the precise time protocol event message arrives at the ingress port of the network-side time-sensitive network conversion unit 302, the ingress port timestamp is recorded. The ingress port timestamp is generated based on the internal common reference time of the 5G system and is encapsulated in the header extension field of the downlink data packet.

[0097] The enhanced base station 200 sends downlink data packets containing ingress port timestamps to the industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100 through the air interface physical layer. The industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100 is configured with a device-side time-sensitive network conversion unit 103. The industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100 records the egress port timestamp at the time when the downlink data packet arrives at the egress port of the device-side time-sensitive network conversion unit 103. The egress port timestamp is generated based on the common reference time within the 5G system.

[0098] The industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100 extracts the ingress port timestamp from the header extension field, parses the original correction field value in the Precision Time Protocol event message, calculates the dwell time of the data packet in the 5G network segment, calculates the difference between the port timestamp and the ingress port timestamp, and calculates the dwell time correction amount by combining the cumulative rate ratio and the Ethernet link asymmetric delay compensation value. The dwell time correction amount is added to the received original correction field value to obtain the updated Precision Time Protocol event message correction field value.

[0099] The industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100 writes the updated correction domain value into the Precision Time Protocol (RTP) event message and forwards the updated RTP event message to the connected industrial actuators or field sensors. The industrial actuators or field sensors use the updated RTP event message to calibrate their local slave clocks, and the industrial controllers or sensors eliminate random queuing delays and processing delays introduced by 5G network transmission.

[0100] The edge computing gateway 300 periodically calculates the cumulative rate ratio and sends the cumulative rate ratio to the industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100 through radio resource control signaling. The industrial-grade RedCap terminal module 100 uses the cumulative rate ratio to compensate for the frequency deviation between the 5G system clock and the external time-sensitive network clock.

Claims

1. A 5G low-latency communication optimization system for the industrial internet, characterized in that, include: The industrial-grade RedCap terminal module (100) is configured with a simplified radio transceiver unit (101) to send high-priority requests for ultra-reliable low-latency communication services and select either direct transmission via the Uu interface or relay transmission via the side link based on the link quality. The slice management and orchestration module (400) constructs a time-frequency resource grid that includes time-domain hard isolation and frequency-domain soft shared resource pools, and outputs resource configuration instructions; The enhanced base station (200) responds to the resource configuration instruction and uses the physical layer resource scheduling unit (201) to generate a sub-time slot structure of 2, 4 or 7 symbols, and performs dedicated resource allocation in the time-domain hard isolation resource pool; The edge computing gateway (300) receives data packets and, in coordination with the network-side and device-side time-sensitive network conversion units, calculates and corrects the dwell time of data packets in the 5G network.

2. The 5G low-latency communication optimization system for the industrial internet according to claim 1, characterized in that, After receiving the scheduling request containing high-priority service indication information, the physical layer resource scheduling unit (201) configures the start symbol position and duration in the radio frame structure. The physical layer resource scheduling unit (201) generates a unique start and length indication value based on the start symbol position and the duration using a joint coding algorithm, and sends the start and length indication value to the industrial-grade RedCap terminal module (100) through downlink control information. The duration is configured as 2 orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols, 4 orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols, or 7 orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols.

3. The 5G low-latency communication optimization system for the industrial internet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The slice resource dynamic configuration unit (402) determines the time position of the time-domain hard isolation resource pool based on the isolation period parameters and the dedicated symbol width reserved for ultra-reliable low-latency communication services; Within the time range covered by the time-domain hard isolation resource pool, the enhanced base station (200) only processes scheduling requests for ultra-reliable low-latency communication services and shields the resource allocation for enhanced mobile broadband services; Within the time range covered by the frequency domain soft shared resource pool, the physical layer resource scheduling unit (201) uses a weighted round-robin algorithm to allocate physical resource blocks; If the current symbol index belongs to the time-domain hard isolation resource pool, the physical layer resource scheduling unit (201) activates the preemption mechanism to interrupt the transmission of non-critical services.

4. The 5G low-latency communication optimization system for the Industrial Internet according to claim 3, characterized in that, The slice management and orchestration module (400) also includes a load data acquisition unit (401), which is used to obtain the observed load value by statistically analyzing the number of data packets arriving through the traffic monitoring probe and reading the queue depth value of the enhanced base station (200). The slice resource dynamic configuration unit (402) uses a smoothing factor to perform a weighted summation calculation on the observed load value and the historical load estimate to obtain a smoothed estimate of the service load; The slice resource dynamic configuration unit (402) calculates the number of reserved resource blocks in the next scheduling cycle based on the service load smoothing estimate, the protection margin coefficient, the time domain duration of the sub-slot configured by the physical layer resource scheduling unit (201), the frequency domain bandwidth of a single physical resource block, and the average spectral efficiency. The slice resource dynamic configuration unit (402) generates a resource expansion instruction or a resource release instruction based on the comparison result of the number of reserved resource blocks and the threshold parameter.

5. The 5G low-latency communication optimization system for the industrial internet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The industrial-grade RedCap terminal module (100) initializes the simplified radio frequency transceiver unit (101), locks the radio frequency receiving bandwidth and radio frequency transmitting bandwidth to 20 MHz, and disables the high-frequency band processing logic corresponding to frequency range 2. The industrial-grade RedCap terminal module (100) masks the index entry for 256th order quadrature amplitude modulation in the modulation coding strategy table; The industrial-grade RedCap terminal module (100) reports terminal capability information, including a high processing speed capability indication, to the enhanced base station (200). The high processing speed capability indication informs the enhanced base station (200) that it supports a shortened physical downlink shared channel processing time and a shortened physical uplink shared channel preparation time.

6. The 5G low-latency communication optimization system for the Industrial Internet according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the industrial-grade RedCap terminal module (100) detects that the quality of the communication link with the enhanced base station (200) is lower than a preset threshold, it activates the side link communication unit (102) and sends data packets to the adjacent industrial-grade RedCap terminal module (100) that serves as a relay node through the PC5 interface. The adjacent industrial-grade RedCap terminal module (100) forwards the data packet to the enhanced base station (200). The enhanced base station (200) identifies the service type identifier of the data packet. If it matches the industrial control service, it forwards the data packet to the edge computing gateway (300). The edge computing gateway (300) routes the data packets to the local industrial control system through the local user plane function unit (301).

7. The 5G low-latency communication optimization system for the Industrial Internet according to claim 6, characterized in that, The industrial-grade RedCap terminal module (100) receives relay response messages from multiple adjacent industrial-grade RedCap terminal modules (100) and calculates the cooperative relay preference index for each adjacent industrial-grade RedCap terminal module (100). The cooperative relay preference index is calculated by weighting the side link signal receiving power measured by the side link communication unit (102), the Uu interface signal receiving power reported by the adjacent industrial RedCap terminal module (100), and the data buffer occupancy rate of the adjacent industrial RedCap terminal module (100). The industrial-grade RedCap terminal module (100) selects the neighboring industrial-grade RedCap terminal module (100) with the largest cooperative relay preference index value as the target relay node.

8. The 5G low-latency communication optimization system for the industrial internet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The network-side time-sensitive network conversion unit (302) records the ingress port timestamp of the downlink data packet and encapsulates the ingress port timestamp into the header extension field of the downlink data packet; The device-side time-sensitive network conversion unit (103) records the outgoing port timestamp of the downlink data packet; The industrial-grade RedCap terminal module (100) calculates the dwell time correction based on the difference between the outgoing port timestamp and the incoming port timestamp, the cumulative rate ratio between the enhanced base station (200) and the edge computing gateway (300), and the Ethernet link asymmetric delay compensation value. The industrial-grade RedCap terminal module (100) adds the dwell time correction to the original correction field value of the precise time protocol event message of the downlink data packet.

9. The 5G low-latency communication optimization system for the industrial internet according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the industrial-grade RedCap terminal module (100) triggers the connection reconstruction process or the connection recovery process, it uses the radio resource control integrity protection key, the physical cell identifier of the currently camped enhanced base station (200), the locally maintained next-hop chain counter parameters, and the system-preset encrypted salt value to generate a short message integrity verification code. The industrial-grade RedCap terminal module (100) sends a request message containing the short message integrity verification code and context recovery identifier to the enhanced base station (200); The enhanced base station (200) retrieves the user equipment security context based on the context recovery identifier and verifies the short message integrity verification code. If the verification is consistent, the user equipment security context is activated directly.

10. The 5G low-latency communication optimization system for the Industrial Internet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The enhanced base station (200) also includes an interference monitoring unit (202) for measuring the total power of the received signal at the physical uplink shared channel resource location and obtaining the instantaneous industrial interference power value; When the instantaneous industrial interference power value exceeds the preset safety tolerance, the physical layer resource scheduling unit (201) generates a positive power boost instruction; The industrial-grade RedCap terminal module (100) receives the power boost instruction and calculates the uplink physical channel transmit power based on the maximum RF output power, the nominal expected received power reference value, the allocated frequency domain resource bandwidth compensation item, the path loss compensation item, and the accumulated closed-loop power correction step size.

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