Beam configuration method and device and electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses a beam configuration method and device and electronic equipment, belongs to the technical field of beam management, and is used for solving the problem of unreasonable beam configuration of antenna equipment in a current ground-air integrated communication scene. The method comprises the following steps: determining an array surface resource allocation strategy of an antenna according to user distribution information and service data of the antenna in a vertical coverage area; according to the array surface resource allocation strategy, performing array surface resource division on the antenna array surface of the antenna to form an upper sub-array surface and a lower sub-array surface; the upper sub-array plane is used for covering a first sub-area in a vertical coverage area, the lower sub-array plane is used for covering a second sub-area in the vertical coverage area, and the elevation angle of the first sub-area is larger than that of the second sub-area; constructing beam sets corresponding to the upper sub-array plane and the lower sub-array plane to obtain an upper sub-array plane beam set and a lower sub-array plane beam set; and determining a first candidate beam set corresponding to the first sub-region and a first candidate beam set corresponding to the second sub-region based on the upper sub-array surface beam set and the lower sub-array surface beam set which are obtained through construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of beam management technology, specifically relating to a beam configuration method, apparatus, and electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of the low-altitude economy, communication networks are extending from two-dimensional ground coverage to three-dimensional space, and the service targets are gradually expanding to low-altitude mobile terminals such as drones. In this type of integrated ground-air communication scenario, antenna equipment needs to meet the requirements of integrated ground and low-altitude coverage.

[0003] In related technologies, 64T / 128T (T represents the transmit channel) vertical wide-angle antenna equipment is typically used. This equipment constructs a beam set across the entire array and forms a group of narrow beam resources at fixed intervals to achieve integrated coverage for ground and low-altitude users. The antenna equipment determines the beam used for user access through unified array polling. However, this beamforming method lacks an adaptation mechanism for user distribution. Therefore, in situations with dense access from ground and / or low-altitude users, the low efficiency of unified array polling by the antenna equipment leads to large access response delays, making it difficult to ensure access efficiency. Thus, providing a more reasonable beam configuration scheme for integrated ground-to-air communication scenarios is particularly necessary. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a beam configuration method, apparatus, and electronic device that can solve the problem of unreasonable beam configuration of antenna equipment in current air-ground integrated communication scenarios.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a beam configuration method, comprising: determining an antenna array resource allocation strategy based on user distribution information and service data of the antenna within a vertical coverage area; dividing the antenna array into upper and lower sub-arrays according to the array resource allocation strategy; the upper sub-array covering a first sub-region within the vertical coverage area, and the lower sub-array covering a second sub-region within the vertical coverage area, wherein the elevation angle of the first sub-region is greater than that of the second sub-region; constructing beam sets corresponding to the upper and lower sub-arrays respectively, thereby obtaining an upper sub-array beam set and a lower sub-array beam set; and determining first candidate beam sets corresponding to the first and second sub-regions respectively based on the constructed upper and lower sub-array beam sets. Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a beam configuration device, comprising: a first determining module, configured to determine an antenna array resource allocation strategy based on user distribution information and service data of the antenna within a vertical coverage area; an array resource partitioning module, configured to partition the antenna array of the antenna according to the array resource allocation strategy, forming an upper sub-array and a lower sub-array; the upper sub-array is used to cover a first sub-region within the vertical coverage area, and the lower sub-array is used to cover a second sub-region within the vertical coverage area, wherein the elevation angle of the first sub-region is greater than that of the second sub-region; a beam set construction module, configured to construct beam sets corresponding to the upper sub-array and the lower sub-array respectively, obtaining an upper sub-array beam set and a lower sub-array beam set; and a second determining module, configured to determine a first candidate beam set corresponding to the first sub-region and the second sub-region respectively based on the constructed upper sub-array beam set and the lower sub-array beam set.

[0006] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide an electronic device including a processor; and a memory arranged to store computer-executable instructions configured to be executed by the processor to implement the steps of the beam configuration method as described in the first aspect.

[0007] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium for storing computer-executable instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the beam configuration method as described in the first aspect.

[0008] Fifthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer program product, the computer program product including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the beam configuration method as described in the first aspect.

[0009] In a sixth aspect, embodiments of this application provide a chip, the chip including a processor and a communication interface, the communication interface being coupled to the processor, the processor being used to run executable instructions to implement the steps of the beam configuration method as described in the first aspect.

[0010] In this embodiment, the antenna array resource allocation strategy can be determined based on user distribution information and service data within the vertical coverage area. According to the array resource allocation strategy, the antenna array is divided into upper sub-arrays for covering a first sub-region within the vertical coverage area, and lower sub-arrays for covering a second sub-region within the vertical coverage area. The elevation angle of the first sub-region is greater than that of the second sub-region. This constructs beam sets corresponding to the upper and lower sub-arrays, resulting in upper and lower sub-array beam sets. Based on these constructed upper and lower sub-array beam sets, first candidate beam sets corresponding to the first and second sub-regions are determined. As can be seen, this technical solution, in the process of constructing the beam set corresponding to the antenna array, can divide the antenna array resources into upper and lower sub-arrays according to the user distribution and service conditions in the vertical spatial domain, thus achieving resource decoupling of the antenna array resources. The antenna array resources are then associated with corresponding sub-regions in the vertical spatial domain. By constructing the beam sets corresponding to the upper and lower sub-arrays respectively, beam sets for serving the corresponding sub-regions can be obtained, achieving the effect of decoupling the antenna array beam resources in the vertical spatial domain. This allows beam resources to be managed independently in the vertical spatial domain, providing a foundation for the domain-specific scheduling of beam resources in the vertical spatial domain. This, in turn, helps improve the spatial control accuracy of beam resources and provides a reliable guarantee for effectively improving the efficiency of air-to-ground communication. Compared to beamforming methods that construct beam sets across the entire array, this technical solution combines user distribution and service conditions in integrated ground-air communication scenarios to achieve a more reasonable beam configuration scheme. Thus, even in scenarios with dense access from ground and / or low-altitude users, the beam resources in different airspaces are decoupled and can be scheduled in different domains. Therefore, it can overcome the technical bottleneck of unified array polling in current antenna equipment, reduce access latency, and thus ensure access efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a beam configuration method provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the correspondence between an antenna array and a coverage area provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating a beam configuration method provided in another embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating a beam configuration method provided in another embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating a beam configuration method provided in another embodiment of this application; Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating an access beam determination method provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 7 This is a flowchart illustrating a beam switching decision method provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a beam configuration device provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0012] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0013] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and not to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such use of data can be interchanged where appropriate so that embodiments of this application can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first," "second," etc., are generally of the same class and the number of objects is not limited; for example, a first object can be one or more. Furthermore, in the specification and claims, "and / or" indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0014] The beam configuration method, apparatus, and electronic equipment provided in this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and through specific embodiments and application scenarios.

[0015] Figure 1 This application illustrates a beam configuration method according to an embodiment of the present application. This method can be executed by an electronic device, which may include a server and / or a terminal device, wherein the terminal device may be, for example, a vehicle-mounted terminal or a mobile phone terminal. In other words, the method can be executed by software or hardware installed in the electronic device, and the method includes the following steps: Step 102: Determine the antenna array resource allocation strategy based on user distribution information and service data within the antenna's vertical coverage area.

[0016] The antenna can be a base station antenna. In specific implementations, the base station antenna can be a vertically oriented wide-angle antenna, a vertically polarized array antenna, or similar type. The vertically oriented wide-angle antenna can be 64T / 128T. The vertical coverage area is the area covered by the antenna in the vertical airspace, which refers to the airspace perpendicular to the ground. In this embodiment, the antenna's vertical coverage area can include both ground-level and low-altitude areas. User distribution information can include user density distribution data, the number of users, etc., and service data can include service traffic, etc.

[0017] The array resource allocation strategy is a strategy for dividing the antenna array resources, which can be antenna elements arranged on the antenna array surface. In specific implementations, the array resource allocation strategy can include array resource division height or array resource division ratio. That is, the antenna array resources can be divided according to a determined array resource division height, or according to a determined array resource division ratio. The specific methods for determining the array resource division height and array resource division ratio will be detailed in the following embodiments.

[0018] Step 104: According to the array resource allocation strategy, the antenna array is divided into upper and lower sub-arrays.

[0019] The upper subarray is used to cover the first sub-region within the vertical coverage area, and the lower subarray is used to cover the second sub-region within the vertical coverage area. The elevation angle of the first sub-region is greater than that of the second sub-region. Figure 2 This illustrates a correspondence between antenna arrays and coverage areas. It is understandable that, in practical implementation, the array resource allocation strategy can be dynamically adjusted according to changes in user distribution information and service data. Figure 2 In the diagram, the dashed lines represent variable divisions. By dividing the antenna array into two sub-arrays, an upper sub-array 210 and a lower sub-array 220 are obtained. The first sub-region is 230°, and the second sub-region is 240°. The elevation angle 'a1' of the first sub-region is greater than the elevation angle 'a2' of the second sub-region. It can be understood that the elevation angle refers to the angle between the upper boundary of the region and the horizontal plane, and the upper boundary of the region is related to the maximum radiation direction of the antenna main lobe of the corresponding sub-array. For example, the upper boundary of the first sub-region can be determined by the ray pointing to the maximum radiation direction of the antenna main lobe of the upper sub-array; similarly, the upper boundary of the second sub-region can be determined by the ray pointing to the maximum radiation direction of the antenna main lobe of the lower sub-array. It should be noted that... Figure 2 This is for illustrative purposes only. In actual implementation, the shape, tilt angle, and division position of the antenna array resources can all be set according to application requirements.

[0020] Step 106: Construct the beam sets corresponding to the upper and lower subarrays respectively to obtain the upper subarray beam set and the lower subarray beam set.

[0021] Step 108: Based on the constructed upper sub-array beam set and lower sub-array beam set, determine the first candidate beam sets corresponding to the first sub-region and the second sub-region, respectively.

[0022] In this embodiment, the antenna array resource allocation strategy can be determined based on user distribution information and service data within the vertical coverage area. According to the array resource allocation strategy, the antenna array is divided into upper sub-arrays for covering a first sub-region within the vertical coverage area, and lower sub-arrays for covering a second sub-region within the vertical coverage area. The elevation angle of the first sub-region is greater than that of the second sub-region. This constructs beam sets corresponding to the upper and lower sub-arrays, resulting in upper and lower sub-array beam sets. Based on these constructed upper and lower sub-array beam sets, first candidate beam sets corresponding to the first and second sub-regions are determined. As can be seen, this technical solution, in the process of constructing the beam set corresponding to the antenna array, can divide the antenna array resources into upper and lower sub-arrays according to the user distribution and service conditions in the vertical spatial domain, thus achieving resource decoupling of the antenna array resources. The antenna array resources are then associated with corresponding sub-regions in the vertical spatial domain. By constructing the beam sets corresponding to the upper and lower sub-arrays respectively, beam sets for serving the corresponding sub-regions can be obtained, achieving the effect of decoupling the antenna array beam resources in the vertical spatial domain. This allows beam resources to be managed independently in the vertical spatial domain, providing a foundation for the domain-specific scheduling of beam resources in the vertical spatial domain. This, in turn, helps improve the spatial control accuracy of beam resources and provides a reliable guarantee for effectively improving the efficiency of air-to-ground communication. Compared to beamforming methods that construct beam sets across the entire array, this technical solution combines user distribution and service conditions in integrated ground-air communication scenarios to achieve a more reasonable beam configuration scheme. Thus, even in scenarios with dense user access in ground areas and / or low-altitude areas, the beam resources in different airspaces are decoupled and can be scheduled in different domains. Therefore, it can overcome the technical bottleneck of unified array polling in current antenna equipment, reduce access latency, and thus ensure access efficiency.

[0023] In one implementation, the array resource allocation strategy includes array resource division height, user distribution information includes user density distribution data, and business data includes business traffic.

[0024] In this embodiment, the antenna array resource allocation strategy is determined based on the user distribution information and service data within the vertical coverage area (i.e., step 102), which can be executed as follows: Steps A1-A3: Step A1: Based on user density distribution data and service traffic within the vertical coverage area, determine the target spatial height between the upper and lower spatial height limits of the vertical coverage area.

[0025] Optionally, user density distribution data can be obtained based on historical service statistics, trajectory heatmaps, or location-aware information; this embodiment does not limit this. Service traffic can be obtained through real-time statistics of various services within the vertical coverage area.

[0026] The target space height satisfies the following condition: the absolute difference between the first average service traffic density between the upper limit space height and the target space height, and the second average service traffic density between the lower limit space height and the target space height, is minimized. The first average service traffic density can be determined based on user density distribution data and service traffic between the upper limit space height and the target space height, and the second average service traffic density can be determined based on user density distribution data and service traffic between the lower limit space height and the target space height.

[0027] Alternatively, the target spatial height can be calculated using the following formula (1), where the spatial height of the vertical coverage area is... , It is the lower limit of space height. It is the upper limit of the space height. It is the target spatial height that minimizes the absolute difference between the first average traffic density and the second average traffic density. Used to calculate the first average traffic density between the upper limit space height and the target space height. Used to calculate the second average traffic density between the lower limit space height and the target space height.

[0028] (1) In practical implementation, between the upper limit space height and the target space height, for each space height, the first service traffic density at that space height can be calculated based on the user density distribution data and service traffic at that space height. , Therefore, based on all the first service traffic densities calculated between the upper limit space height and the target space height, the first average service traffic density is calculated. Similarly, between the lower limit space height and the target space height, for each space height, the second service traffic density at that space height can be calculated based on the user density distribution data and service traffic at that space height. , Therefore, based on all the second service traffic densities calculated between the lower limit space height and the target space height, the second average service traffic density is calculated. The first and second service traffic densities can be obtained by multiplying user density distribution data and service traffic, or by other calculation methods. The specific calculation method can be set according to application requirements, and this application embodiment does not limit this.

[0029] Step A2: Divide the vertical coverage area according to the target spatial height to obtain the first sub-region and the second sub-region.

[0030] Step A3: Determine the antenna array resource allocation height based on the first sub-region and the second sub-region.

[0031] In the case of dividing the vertical airspace into sub-regions, the antenna array resource allocation height can be determined based on parameters such as the coverage elevation angle ratio and the coverage vertical airspace height ratio of each sub-region. The specific determination method can be set according to application requirements, and this application embodiment does not limit it.

[0032] In practical implementation, the antenna array resources can be antenna elements arranged on the antenna array surface. The array resource division height refers to the row from which the antenna elements are divided. Each antenna element above the array resource division height is used to cover the first sub-region within the vertical coverage area, while each antenna element below the array resource division height is used to cover the second sub-region within the vertical coverage area.

[0033] In this embodiment, based on user density distribution data and service traffic within the vertical coverage area, a target spatial height that can satisfy the balance of service traffic density is determined between the upper and lower spatial heights of the vertical coverage area. The vertical coverage area is then divided according to the target spatial height, and the starting row of the antenna array is determined to divide the array resources. This achieves the matching of array resource division with service traffic density distribution, providing a foundation for efficient access in integrated ground-air communication scenarios.

[0034] In one implementation, the array resource allocation strategy includes the array resource allocation ratio, user distribution information includes the number of users, and business data includes business traffic.

[0035] In this embodiment, the antenna array resource allocation strategy is determined based on the user distribution information and service data within the vertical coverage area (i.e., step 102), which can be executed as follows: Steps B1-B2: Step B1: Determine the number of users and service traffic corresponding to the first and second sub-regions within the vertical coverage area.

[0036] In practical implementation, vertical coverage areas can be divided according to application requirements to obtain the first sub-region and the second sub-region. Then, for each sub-region, the number of users and business traffic in that sub-region can be counted.

[0037] Step B2: Determine the antenna array resource allocation ratio based on the determined number of users and service traffic.

[0038] In practical implementation, based on the number of users and service traffic in each sub-region obtained from statistics, the antenna array resource allocation ratio can be determined according to the service load ratio between different sub-regions. The array resource allocation ratio is positively correlated with the service load ratio; that is, the more users and the greater the service traffic in a sub-region, the more array resources it corresponds to. The service load is calculated from the number of users and the service traffic, and the calculation method is not limited to reasonable calculation methods such as multiplication or addition.

[0039] Alternatively, the upper subarray can be calculated using the following equation (2). The number of antenna elements and the subarray The number of antenna elements, of which, It is the proportion of resources allocated to the battle formation. , This represents the total number of antenna elements in the antenna array.

[0040] (2) In this embodiment, the antenna array resource allocation ratio can be dynamically determined based on the number of users and service traffic within the designated sub-region. This achieves the effect of allocating antenna arrays according to user distribution and service conditions, which helps to ensure that antenna array resources match user distribution and service conditions, providing a foundation for efficient access in integrated ground-air communication scenarios.

[0041] In specific implementation, in addition to the determination methods of array resource allocation strategy shown in steps A1-A3 or steps B1-B2 above, any reasonable method that determines the array resource allocation strategy based on user distribution information and service data of the antenna in the vertical coverage area can be applied in this application to determine the array resource allocation strategy of the antenna. This application embodiment does not limit this.

[0042] In one implementation, constructing the beam sets corresponding to the upper and lower subarrays respectively, to obtain the upper subarray beam set and the lower subarray beam set (i.e., step 106), can be executed as follows: Steps C1-C2: Step C1: For the upper subarray, construct each first beam corresponding to the upper subarray based on the first beam direction vector of the upper subarray at each first beam pointing angle, and determine the upper subarray beam set based on the constructed multiple first beams.

[0043] The first beam direction vector is calculated based on the first beam pointing angle, as well as the phase difference and spacing between adjacent antenna elements in the upper subarray.

[0044] If we assume the beam set of the upper subarray is... ,So, ,in, For the first sub-array corresponding to the first The first beam In this embodiment, the beam direction vector represents the corresponding beam. , For the formation In direction Beam direction vector on It can be calculated using the following formula (3), The phase difference between adjacent antenna elements in the upper subarray. This refers to the spacing between adjacent antenna elements in the upper subarray. The wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency. This is the pointing angle of the first beam.

[0045] , (3) Step C2: For the lower subarray, construct each second beam corresponding to the lower subarray based on the second beam direction vector of the lower subarray at each second beam pointing angle, and determine the lower subarray beam set based on the constructed multiple second beams.

[0046] The second beam direction vector is calculated based on the second beam pointing angle, as well as the phase difference and spacing between adjacent antenna elements in the lower subarray.

[0047] If we assume the subarray beam set is ,So, ,in, For the next sub-array corresponding to the first A second beam, In this embodiment, the beam direction vector represents the corresponding beam. , For the formation In direction Beam direction vector on It can be calculated using the above formula (3), which will not be elaborated here.

[0048] In this embodiment, the specific implementation process of constructing the beam sets corresponding to the upper and lower subarrays is clarified, which is beneficial to accurately and efficiently perform the beam set construction operation after dividing the upper and lower subarrays.

[0049] In one implementation, such as Figure 3 As shown, after constructing the beam sets corresponding to the upper and lower sub-arrays respectively, and obtaining the upper and lower sub-array beam sets (i.e., step 106), the following steps 1072-1076 can be executed: Step 1072: For each beam combination in the upper subarray beam set and the lower subarray beam set, calculate the spatial overlap of each beam combination based on the directional gain function of each beam in each beam combination.

[0050] Each beam combination includes two beams, each beam being any one of the upper subarray beam set and the lower subarray beam set. Spatial overlap is used to characterize the degree of spatial overlap between the two beams.

[0051] In practical implementation, after completing the construction of the upper and lower subarray beam sets, in order to further reduce the spatial interference overlap between beams within or between subarrays, the following spatial overlap function is proposed to calculate the spatial overlap corresponding to the beam combination. As shown in equation (4), it is used for spatial filtering and optimization selection of candidate beam sets, where, and Representing beams and Directional gain function, This refers to the overlap angle region of the main lobes of both. The larger the value, the more severe the spatial overlap between beams.

[0052] (4) Step 1074: If the spatial overlap is greater than the preset tolerance threshold, it is determined that the beam combination has high overlap conflict.

[0053] In practice, base stations can set tolerance thresholds. ,when At that time, it was determined that the beam combination had a high degree of overlap and conflict.

[0054] Step 1076: For beam combinations with high overlap and conflict, reconstruct each beam in the beam combination.

[0055] The beams in the beam combination can be reconstructed by referring to steps C1 or C2 above, which will not be repeated here.

[0056] In addition, for beam combinations with high overlap and conflict, besides reconstructing the beams in the beam combination as described in step 1076, it is also possible to set the two beams in this beam combination not to be scheduled simultaneously in the integrated ground-air communication scenario, thereby achieving enhanced directional isolation and reliable multi-user resource scheduling.

[0057] In this embodiment, after initially constructing the upper subarray beam set and the lower subarray beam set, the spatial overlap degree of any two beams is calculated, which can clearly determine the degree of spatial overlap between each beam. Thus, if the degree of spatial overlap is greater than the preset tolerance threshold, the two beams are reconstructed, which helps to reduce the coupling interference between beams within or between subarrays, thereby providing a better candidate beam set for the integrated ground-air communication scenario.

[0058] In one implementation, such as Figure 4 As shown, after determining the first candidate beam sets corresponding to the first sub-region and the second sub-region respectively (i.e., step 108) based on the constructed upper sub-array beam set and lower sub-array beam set, the following step 410 can be executed: Step 410: For each first candidate beam in the first candidate beam set, determine the transmit power of the first candidate beam based on the user distribution information, service data and path loss within the coverage area of ​​the first candidate beam.

[0059] In this embodiment, a dynamic power scheduling mechanism based on service characteristics and link status is introduced to weighted control of the transmit power of each first candidate beam, thereby improving the flexibility and matching degree of low-altitude resource allocation. Specifically, the transmit power... It can be calculated using the following formula (5). Where, ... Indicates allocation to the first candidate beam The transmission power, For allocation to the first candidate beam Maximum emission power. Molecular part: For business level coefficient, For regional user density, For beam-down service load strength, The number of antenna elements in the subarray. Ground and low altitude The beam indication function reflects the service priority of the beam under different spatial attributes. Denominator: For link path loss, For the intensity of neighboring interference, For user movement speed, The regularization term is used to characterize channel quality and scheduling overhead. Each indicator is weighted by a coefficient. ~ , ~ Linear combinations are used to form an adjustable dynamic power allocation strategy.

[0060] (5) Among them, the weighting coefficient ~ , ~ The settings can be configured according to application requirements, customized by technicians, or based on historical power allocation data. This application does not limit the specific settings.

[0061] In addition, in specific implementations, existing methods for determining the transmit power of beams can also be used, and the transmit power of the first candidate beam can be determined based on the aforementioned user distribution information, service data, and path loss. This application embodiment does not limit this.

[0062] In this embodiment, by splitting the entire antenna array into upper and lower subarrays along the vertical spatial domain, independent high-elevation and low-elevation beamsets are constructed, achieving spatial decoupling and adaptive scheduling of beam resources. By introducing user distribution information, service data, and path loss to dynamically configure beam transmit power, beamforming efficiency and user access latency performance are significantly improved, enhancing access capabilities in low-altitude multi-user scenarios.

[0063] In one implementation, such as Figure 5 As shown, after determining the first candidate beam sets corresponding to the first sub-region and the second sub-region respectively (i.e., step 108) based on the constructed upper sub-array beam set and lower sub-array beam set, the following step 510 can be executed: Step 510: Configure beam description information for each first candidate beam in the first candidate beam set.

[0064] The beam description information may include one or more of the following: beam type identifier, beam number, beam pointing angle, beam elevation angle, and scheduling priority. The beam type identifier indicates the spatial attributes covered by the first candidate beam. The beam pointing angle typically refers to the angle between the antenna beam axis and a reference axis (such as the origin of the coordinate system or the target direction). The beam elevation angle refers to the angle between the maximum radiation direction of the antenna beam main lobe and the horizontal plane. The scheduling priority can be customized by a technician or set according to the scheduling situation; this embodiment does not limit this.

[0065] In one implementation, when the first sub-region is a low-altitude region and the second sub-region is a ground region, the beam type identifier field includes either a low-altitude identifier or a ground identifier.

[0066] This embodiment proposes a Beam Type Tag (BTT) mechanism, which enables system-level differentiated beam management through type tags and structure extensions.

[0067] In practical implementation, the beam type identifier is defined as follows: each first candidate beam The corresponding beam type identifier has a value range as shown in equation (6). When When the first candidate beam is used for terrestrial user equipment coverage, the beam elevation angle is typically low; when When the first candidate beam is used, it indicates that the first candidate beam mainly serves low-altitude user equipment and has a high beam elevation angle.

[0068] (6) It is understandable that the beam type identifier is a logical identifier and does not participate in beamforming calculations or physical layer power modulation processes, but it is used at the system level to guide strategy selection and module judgment.

[0069] In practical implementation, to support the structured configuration and identification of beam type identifiers in the system, beam description information can be extended. For example, structural formula (7). Wherein... Number the beams. The elevation angle of the beam center. Beam type identifier, For scheduling priority. Beam center elevation angle specifically refers to the angle between the beam centerline and the horizontal plane during beam scanning.

[0070] (7) System information broadcasts (such as Synchronization Signal Block (SSB) configuration, CSI-RS scheduling, and BWP activation information) can be used to broadcast information to user equipment (UE), enabling UEs to identify the semantics of each beam service. The SSB is primarily used in 5G (5th Generation Mobile Communication Technology) systems to achieve synchronization between UEs and base stations and cell search. CSI-RS (Channel State Information Reference Signal) is a reference signal used for measuring channel state information in 5G NR (New Radio). BWP (Band Width Part) is a key technology in 5G communication for flexible spectrum resource management. By dividing the total cell bandwidth into multiple subsets, it enables dynamic adaptation of UE transmit and receive bandwidth. BWP activation information refers to the portion of bandwidth currently used by the UE in RRC (Radio Resource Control) connection status.

[0071] In practical implementation, on the base station side, the system can assign a corresponding beam type identifier to each first candidate beam according to the beam center direction and antenna array planning, and write it into the beam configuration table. One beam configuration table is shown in Table 1 below.

[0072] Table 1

[0073] This embodiment provides a targeted solution to the problems existing in beam configuration in related technologies. Specifically, in related technologies, the system manages each beam through a unified configuration template. This configuration structure is mainly built based on antenna geometry and angular coverage requirements, and does not include spatial attribute or type identification fields. The scheduling and control side performs resource scheduling and beam assignment based on this configuration structure. Thus, due to the lack of a beam type identification mechanism, it is impossible to logically distinguish between ground and air beams, and measurement, scheduling, and other processes lack spatial attribute support, resulting in limited granularity of resource management. To address this, this embodiment introduces a beam type identifier into the beam description information and embeds it in the system-level beam configuration table to indicate the spatial attributes of each beam. This allows each beam to indicate the spatial attributes of its service target (e.g., ground or low altitude) during the broadcast phase. This identifier can be used throughout key processes such as measurement, scheduling, and resource allocation, forming a continuous management logic. This achieves structured labeling of beam spatial attributes and system-side connectivity, laying the foundation for differentiated switching strategies and enhancing the refined spatial identification capabilities of measurement reports and scheduling strategies.

[0074] In one implementation, the beam description information includes a beam type identifier. For example... Figure 6 As shown, in the context of integrated ground-air communication, the first target beam for user equipment access can be determined through the following step 602.

[0075] Step 602: Based on each first candidate beam configured with beam description information, determine the first target beam for user equipment access through the target stage of the access process; the target stage includes at least one of the measurement stage, measurement reporting stage, access decision stage, and beam switching stage.

[0076] In practical implementation, user equipment can be divided into ground user equipment and low-altitude user equipment based on its operating altitude. Ground user equipment may include mobile phones, tablets, laptops, PDAs, wearable devices, vehicle-mounted mobile terminals, personal digital assistants (PDAs), televisions, etc., while low-altitude user equipment may include drones, airborne mobile terminals, etc. The embodiments of this application do not impose specific limitations.

[0077] In practice, the user equipment receives a system broadcast containing fields such as beam number, beam elevation angle, and beam type identifier. Then, the beam type identifier can be used in the access process.

[0078] In one implementation, during the measurement phase, the base station sends a second candidate beam set to the user equipment. This second candidate beam set consists of multiple beams from the first candidate beam sets that can serve the user equipment. Based on its altitude and the beam type identifiers of the beams in the second candidate beam set, the user equipment selects third beams from the second candidate beam set that match its spatial attributes, thus obtaining a third candidate beam set. The user equipment then performs measurements on each third beam in the third candidate beam set.

[0079] The user equipment (UE) can determine its airspace attribute (ground or low altitude) based on its altitude, and then select a third beam that matches its airspace attribute based on the beam type identifiers of each beam in the second candidate beam set. The UE can then perform CSI-RS or SSB measurements on each third beam in the third candidate beam set.

[0080] In this embodiment, during the measurement phase, the user equipment, by combining its own spatial attributes, first selects the third beam that matches its own spatial attributes from the candidate beam set indicated by the base station, and then only measures the third beam, thereby reducing the measurement load and improving the measurement efficiency.

[0081] In one implementation, during the measurement reporting phase, the user equipment reports the measurement results of each third beam to the base station. The measurement results include channel quality and beam type identifier.

[0082] Channel quality can include parameters such as RSRP (Reference Signal Receiving Power) and SINR (Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio).

[0083] In this embodiment, during the measurement reporting stage, by carrying a beam type identifier in the reported measurement results, the base station scheduler can refer to the service object spatial domain attributes of the beam to assist in decision-making.

[0084] In one implementation, during the access decision phase, the base station selects the fourth beam with the best channel quality and that matches the spatial attributes of the user equipment based on the measurement results, as the first target beam for user equipment access.

[0085] For example, in low-altitude flight, the preferred marker is... The upper subarray beam is used to enhance access stability and reduce subsequent handover frequency.

[0086] In one implementation, beam description information may include beam elevation angle. For example... Figure 7 As shown, in the scenario of integrated ground-air communication, beam switching decision can be made through the following step 702.

[0087] Step 702: During the beam switching phase, if the user equipment determines that the channel quality difference between the current camped beam and the second target beam is greater than the adaptive switching threshold, it reports the measurement results of the second target beam to the base station.

[0088] The adaptive handover threshold is positively correlated with the beam elevation angle difference between the current camped beam and the second target beam. The base station can determine the second target beam for user equipment handover based on the measurement results of the second target beam.

[0089] In one implementation, the adaptive switching threshold is determined based on the beam elevation angle difference, a preset adjustment factor, and a preset switching threshold, and the adaptive switching threshold is positively correlated with the preset adjustment factor and the preset switching threshold, respectively.

[0090] For example, suppose the currently resident beam is Its beam center elevation angle is The reference signal received power is The second target beam is Its beam center elevation angle is The reference signal received power is The decision logic remains unchanged from that of traditional A3 events; the channel quality difference between the two is... It can be calculated using equation (8).

[0091] (8) In the case shown in Equation (9), explain the channel quality difference between the current resident beam and the second target beam. Greater than the adaptive switching threshold At this point, the user equipment can report the measurement results of the second target beam to the base station.

[0092] (9) Traditional A3 thresholds use fixed values, making them unsuitable for beam switching scenarios with significant elevation angle differences. Equation (10) models the threshold function as a linear function of the elevation angle difference. Wherein, Set a preset switching threshold (e.g., a basic threshold value of 3dB); The preset adjustment factor (unit: dB / °) can be configured by the system. This represents the beam elevation angle difference between the currently stationary beam and the second target beam.

[0093] (10) In this embodiment, the function shown in equation (10) can automatically increase the switching threshold when the beam elevation angle difference increases, thereby effectively avoiding the problem of incorrect switching caused by sudden changes in spatial direction.

[0094] In one implementation, the adaptive switching threshold is the minimum between the maximum allowable threshold and the normalized adaptive switching threshold.

[0095] The normalized adaptive switching threshold is determined based on the beam elevation angle difference, a preset adjustment factor, a preset switching threshold, the maximum allowable additional threshold for the beam elevation angle difference, and the maximum beam elevation angle corresponding to the antenna. The normalized adaptive switching threshold is positively correlated with the preset adjustment factor, the preset switching threshold, and the maximum allowable additional threshold for the beam elevation angle difference, and negatively correlated with the maximum beam elevation angle corresponding to the antenna.

[0096] In this embodiment, to enhance control capability, a normalized expression can be introduced, thereby the adaptive switching threshold is as shown in equation (11). Wherein, This is the maximum beam elevation angle corresponding to the antenna (e.g., 60°). This is the maximum additional threshold allowed for the beam elevation angle difference; This is the maximum permissible A3 threshold value, which is the maximum permissible threshold mentioned above; Set a preset switching threshold (e.g., a basic threshold value of 3dB); The preset adjustment factor (unit: dB / °) can be configured by the system. This represents the beam elevation angle difference between the currently stationary beam and the second target beam.

[0097] (11) In this embodiment, the adaptive switching threshold can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual deployment on site through the function shown in equation (11), so that the decision mechanism has adaptive capability under different beam structures.

[0098] In one implementation, when there are multiple second target beams, during the beam switching phase, the second target beam used for user equipment switching can be determined based on the historical stability index, channel reliability index, and spatial attributes of each second target beam.

[0099] Among them, historical stability indicators include dwell time and dwell fluctuation coefficient, and channel reliability indicators include channel quality or channel quality trend. Channel quality trend is used to measure the degree of fluctuation of beam signal.

[0100] In practical implementation, when there are multiple second target beams When the A3 decision condition is met simultaneously, to avoid blindly switching to the wrong optimal beam, the system introduces a scoring function for target sorting, defined as in equation (12). For the second target beam Channel quality; The historical stability indicators of the second target beam (such as average dwell time, fluctuation coefficient, etc.); An indication function for matching the second target beam with airspace or services, used to indicate the airspace attributes of the service object of the second target beam, and which services the second target beam can match; ~ The weighting coefficient can be set according to application requirements, or customized by technical personnel, or set according to historical weighting settings. This application embodiment does not limit this.

[0101] (12) To accurately measure the channel reliability of each second target beam within a certain period, a channel quality trend function is introduced, as shown in equation (13), to measure the fluctuation of the beam signal, where, Indicates the second target beam In time On Measured value For the second target beam In the window Historical average signal strength within, The smaller the value, the better the second target beam. It has stronger channel stability.

[0102] (13) In this embodiment, the result obtained by calculating equation (13) is... As a correction term in the beam scoring function, it can better reflect the anti-jitter capability and link continuity assurance capability in low-altitude and high-speed scenarios, and further improve the robustness of the handover strategy.

[0103] In this embodiment, addressing the problems existing in beam switching of related technologies, a beam switching decision scheme based on beam type identification classification is proposed, building upon the aforementioned beam type identification mechanism. This achieves differentiated beam selection and cell handover control for low-altitude and ground users. Specifically, in related technologies, in beam switching, user equipment completes measurement and reporting based on a cell-level event triggering mechanism, and the base station makes cell-granular handover decisions based on information such as RSRP. This general handover strategy is difficult to adapt to spatial domain differences; that is, existing handover strategies are based on a unified threshold decision and do not introduce beam spatial domain matching or historical stability assessment, which can easily lead to misjudgment, delayed handover, or frequent handover in multi-beam overlapping areas. To address this, this embodiment constructs a differentiated handover decision mechanism oriented towards spatial polymorphism. Based on beam direction characteristics and historical stability, threshold functions and scoring functions are designed to achieve optimal ranking and strategy-based decision-making of candidate beams, enhancing the handover robustness and link continuity guarantee capability in multi-cell, multi-beam overlapping scenarios such as integrated ground-air communication.

[0104] It is evident that this technical solution focuses on the access efficiency and resource scheduling issues of low-altitude communication networks in multi-space domain and multi-service concurrent scenarios. It proposes a beam configuration method for integrated ground-air scenarios, which can solve problems such as lack of hierarchical design of antenna array structure, severe beam overlap interference, unclear spatial attributes of beam service objects, and high access decision error. It breaks through the technical bottlenecks of current base station unified array polling, no beam service object spatial attribute identification, and coarse-grained averaging of handover. It improves the resource matching efficiency and access decision accuracy of multi-space domain users, ensures ground-air communication experience, and provides fundamental guarantee for the low-altitude economy.

[0105] Specifically, this technical solution can be applied to vertical large-angle antenna equipment. It constructs upper and lower sub-array beampools through array spatial splitting and, combined with user spatial distribution and path loss models, achieves adaptive scheduling of the power domains of the upper and lower sub-arrays. A beam type identifier is introduced on the configuration side as a system-level beam attribute identifier field, supporting consistent identification and collaborative perception of user equipment throughout the measurement, reporting, and access processes. Furthermore, in terms of handover control, an optimal beam scoring function is constructed by combining elevation angle differences, channel quality, and dwell behavior. An asymmetric handover threshold strategy is introduced to support beam-level access and decision enhancement mechanisms within and across cells. The overall solution achieves collaborative optimization across three layers: array physical structure modeling, configuration identifier logic, and access control algorithm, supporting the communication needs of low-altitude, high-dynamic, and multi-service applications.

[0106] This technical solution establishes for the first time a refined management and dynamic scheduling system for beam resources tailored to the characteristics of users across multiple airspaces, demonstrating significant leading-edge technology and engineering application potential. For future integrated deployment scenarios such as low-altitude commuting, aerial logistics, and unmanned patrols, it can effectively improve the access success rate and handover continuity for users in low-altitude areas, reducing the probability of false access and interruptions. Simultaneously, it possesses structural compatibility and software upgradeability with existing 64T / 128T large-angle equipment, avoiding additional hardware investment and exhibiting excellent feasibility for implementation and cost advantages for large-scale transformation.

[0107] It should be noted that the beam configuration method provided in this application can be executed by a beam configuration device or a control module within that beam configuration device for executing the beam configuration method. This application uses the example of a beam configuration device executing the beam configuration method to illustrate the beam configuration device provided in this application.

[0108] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a beam configuration device provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 8 As shown, the beam configuration device includes: a first determination module 810, an array resource allocation module 820, a beam set construction module 830, and a second determination module 840.

[0109] The first determining module 810 is used to determine the antenna array resource allocation strategy based on user distribution information and service data within the vertical coverage area of ​​the antenna; the array resource partitioning module 820 is used to partition the antenna array resources according to the array resource allocation strategy, forming an upper sub-array and a lower sub-array; the upper sub-array is used to cover the first sub-region within the vertical coverage area, and the lower sub-array is used to cover the second sub-region within the vertical coverage area, with the elevation angle of the first sub-region being greater than that of the second sub-region; the beam set construction module 830 is used to construct the beam sets corresponding to the upper and lower sub-arrays respectively, obtaining the upper sub-array beam set and the lower sub-array beam set; the second determining module 840 is used to determine the first candidate beam sets corresponding to the first sub-region and the second sub-region respectively based on the constructed upper and lower sub-array beam sets.

[0110] In one implementation, the array resource allocation strategy includes the array resource allocation height; user distribution information includes user density distribution data; and business data includes business traffic. The first determining module 810 includes: a first determining unit, used to determine a target spatial height between the upper and lower spatial heights of the vertical coverage area based on user density distribution data and service traffic within the vertical coverage area; a region dividing unit, used to divide the vertical coverage area according to the target spatial height to obtain a first sub-region and a second sub-region; and a second determining unit, used to determine the antenna array resource division height according to the first sub-region and the second sub-region.

[0111] In one implementation, the array resource allocation strategy includes the array resource allocation ratio; user distribution information includes the number of users; and business data includes business traffic. The first determining module 810 includes: a third determining unit, used to determine the number of users and service traffic corresponding to the first sub-region and the second sub-region within the vertical coverage area, respectively; and a fourth determining unit, used to determine the antenna array resource allocation ratio based on the determined number of users and service traffic.

[0112] In one implementation, the beam configuration device further includes a calculation module, a decision module, and a reconfiguration module.

[0113] The calculation module is used to construct the beam sets corresponding to the upper and lower subarrays, respectively. After obtaining the upper and lower subarray beam sets, for each beam combination in the upper and lower subarray beam sets, the spatial overlap degree corresponding to each beam combination is calculated based on the directional gain function of each beam in each beam combination. Each beam combination includes two beams, each beam being any one beam from the upper and lower subarray beam sets. The spatial overlap degree is used to characterize the degree of spatial overlap between the two beams. The determination module is used to determine that the beam combination has high overlap conflict if the spatial overlap degree is greater than a preset tolerance threshold. The reconstruction module is used to reconstruct each beam in the beam combination for beam combinations with high overlap conflict.

[0114] In one implementation, the beam configuration device further includes a third determining module.

[0115] The third determining module is used to determine the first candidate beam sets corresponding to the first sub-region and the second sub-region respectively after determining the first candidate beam sets based on the constructed upper sub-array beam set and lower sub-array beam set, and then, for each first candidate beam in the first candidate beam set, determine the transmit power of the first candidate beam according to the user distribution information, service data and path loss within the coverage area of ​​the first candidate beam.

[0116] In one implementation, the beam set construction module 830 includes: a first construction and determination unit, configured to construct, for the upper subarray, each first beam corresponding to the upper subarray based on the first beam direction vector of the upper subarray at each first beam pointing angle, and determine the upper subarray beam set based on the constructed multiple first beams; the first beam direction vector is calculated based on the first beam pointing angle, and the phase difference and spacing between adjacent antenna elements in the upper subarray; and a second construction and determination unit, configured to construct, for the lower subarray, each second beam corresponding to the lower subarray based on the second beam direction vector of the lower subarray at each second beam pointing angle, and determine the lower subarray beam set based on the constructed multiple second beams; the second beam direction vector is calculated based on the second beam pointing angle, and the phase difference and spacing between adjacent antenna elements in the lower subarray.

[0117] In one implementation, the beam configuration device further includes a description information configuration module.

[0118] The description information configuration module is used to configure beam description information for each first candidate beam in the first candidate beam set after determining the first candidate beam sets corresponding to the first sub-region and the second sub-region based on the constructed upper sub-array beam set and lower sub-array beam set. The beam description information includes one or more of the following: beam type identifier, beam number, beam pointing angle, beam elevation angle and scheduling priority. The beam type identifier is used to indicate the spatial domain attributes covered by the first candidate beam.

[0119] In one implementation, when the first sub-region is a low-altitude region and the second sub-region is a ground region, the beam type identifier field includes either a low-altitude identifier or a ground identifier.

[0120] In one implementation, the beam description information includes a beam type identifier; The beam configuration device also includes a beam determination module.

[0121] The beam determination module is used to determine a first target beam for user equipment access based on each first candidate beam configured with beam description information, through the target stage of the access process; the target stage includes at least one of the measurement stage, measurement reporting stage, access decision stage and beam switching stage.

[0122] In one implementation, the beam determination module is specifically used for: During the measurement phase, the base station sends a second candidate beam set to the user equipment. The second candidate beam set consists of multiple beams from the first candidate beams that can serve the user equipment. Based on its own altitude and the beam type identifier of each beam in the second candidate beam set, the user equipment selects a third beam from the second candidate beam set that matches the user equipment's spatial attributes, thus obtaining a third candidate beam set. The user equipment then measures each third beam in the third candidate beam set.

[0123] In one implementation, the beam determination module is specifically used for: During the measurement reporting phase, the user equipment reports the measurement results of each third beam to the base station; the measurement results include channel quality and beam type identification; during the access decision phase, the base station selects the fourth beam with the best channel quality and that matches the spatial attributes of the user equipment as the first target beam for user equipment access based on the measurement results.

[0124] In one implementation, the beam description information also includes the beam elevation angle; the beam determination module is specifically used to: during the beam switching phase, if the user equipment determines that the channel quality difference between the current camping beam and the second target beam is greater than the adaptive switching threshold, report the measurement result of the second target beam to the base station; the adaptive switching threshold is positively correlated with the beam elevation angle difference between the current camping beam and the second target beam.

[0125] In one implementation, the adaptive switching threshold is determined based on the beam elevation angle difference, a preset adjustment factor, and a preset switching threshold, and the adaptive switching threshold is positively correlated with the preset adjustment factor and the preset switching threshold, respectively.

[0126] In one implementation, the adaptive switching threshold is the minimum between the maximum allowable threshold and the normalized adaptive switching threshold. The normalized adaptive switching threshold is determined based on the beam elevation difference, a preset adjustment factor, a preset switching threshold, the maximum allowable additional threshold for the beam elevation difference, and the maximum beam elevation angle corresponding to the antenna. The normalized adaptive switching threshold is positively correlated with the preset adjustment factor, the preset switching threshold, and the maximum allowable additional threshold for the beam elevation difference, and negatively correlated with the maximum beam elevation angle corresponding to the antenna.

[0127] In one implementation, when there are multiple second target beams, the beam determination module is specifically used to: during the beam switching phase, determine the second target beam for user equipment switching based on the historical stability index, channel reliability index, and spatial domain attributes of each second target beam; wherein, the historical stability index includes dwell time and dwell fluctuation coefficient, and the channel reliability index includes channel quality or channel quality trend, and the channel quality trend is used to measure the degree of fluctuation of the beam signal.

[0128] In this embodiment, the antenna array resource allocation strategy can be determined based on user distribution information and service data within the vertical coverage area. According to the array resource allocation strategy, the antenna array is divided into upper sub-arrays for covering a first sub-region within the vertical coverage area, and lower sub-arrays for covering a second sub-region within the vertical coverage area. The elevation angle of the first sub-region is greater than that of the second sub-region. This constructs beam sets corresponding to the upper and lower sub-arrays, resulting in upper and lower sub-array beam sets. Based on these constructed upper and lower sub-array beam sets, first candidate beam sets corresponding to the first and second sub-regions are determined. As can be seen, this technical solution, in the process of constructing the beam set corresponding to the antenna array, can divide the antenna array resources into upper and lower sub-arrays according to the user distribution and service conditions in the vertical spatial domain, thus achieving resource decoupling of the antenna array resources. The antenna array resources are then associated with corresponding sub-regions in the vertical spatial domain. By constructing the beam sets corresponding to the upper and lower sub-arrays respectively, beam sets for serving the corresponding sub-regions can be obtained, achieving the effect of decoupling the antenna array beam resources in the vertical spatial domain. This allows beam resources to be managed independently in the vertical spatial domain, providing a foundation for the domain-specific scheduling of beam resources in the vertical spatial domain. This, in turn, helps improve the spatial control accuracy of beam resources and provides a reliable guarantee for effectively improving the efficiency of air-to-ground communication. Compared to beamforming methods that construct beam sets across the entire array, this technical solution combines user distribution and service conditions in integrated ground-air communication scenarios to achieve a more reasonable beam configuration scheme. Thus, even in scenarios with dense access from ground and / or low-altitude users, the beam resources in different airspaces are decoupled and can be scheduled in different domains. Therefore, it can overcome the technical bottleneck of unified array polling in current antenna equipment, reduce access latency, and thus ensure access efficiency.

[0129] The beam configuration device in this application embodiment can be a device, or a component, integrated circuit, or chip in a terminal. The device can be a mobile electronic device or a non-mobile electronic device. For example, mobile electronic devices can be mobile phones, tablets, laptops, PDAs, in-vehicle electronic devices, wearable devices, ultra-mobile personal computers (UMPCs), netbooks, or personal digital assistants (PDAs), etc., while non-mobile electronic devices can be servers, network-attached storage (NAS), personal computers (PCs), televisions (TVs), ATMs, or self-service machines, etc. This application embodiment does not impose specific limitations.

[0130] The beam configuration device in this application embodiment can be a device with an operating system. This operating system can be Android, iOS, or other possible operating systems; this application embodiment does not specifically limit the specific operating system used.

[0131] The beam configuration device provided in this application embodiment can achieve... Figures 1 to 7 The various processes implemented in the method embodiments are not described in detail here to avoid repetition.

[0132] Based on the same technical concept, embodiments of this application also provide an electronic device for performing the above-described beam configuration method. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device to implement various embodiments of this application. The electronic device can vary significantly due to differences in configuration or performance, and may include a processor 910, a communications interface 920, a memory 930, and a communication bus 940. The processor 910, communications interface 920, and memory 930 communicate with each other via the communication bus 940. The processor 910 can call a computer program stored in the memory 930 and executable on the processor 910 to perform the following steps: Based on user distribution information and service data within the vertical coverage area, an antenna array resource allocation strategy is determined. According to this strategy, the antenna array is divided into upper and lower sub-arrays. The upper sub-array covers the first sub-region within the vertical coverage area, and the lower sub-array covers the second sub-region within the vertical coverage area. The elevation angle of the first sub-region is greater than that of the second sub-region. Beam sets corresponding to the upper and lower sub-arrays are constructed, resulting in upper and lower sub-array beam sets. Based on these constructed beam sets, first candidate beam sets corresponding to the first and second sub-regions are determined.

[0133] In this embodiment, the antenna array resource allocation strategy can be determined based on user distribution information and service data within the vertical coverage area. According to the array resource allocation strategy, the antenna array is divided into upper sub-arrays for covering a first sub-region within the vertical coverage area, and lower sub-arrays for covering a second sub-region within the vertical coverage area. The elevation angle of the first sub-region is greater than that of the second sub-region. This constructs beam sets corresponding to the upper and lower sub-arrays, resulting in upper and lower sub-array beam sets. Based on these constructed upper and lower sub-array beam sets, first candidate beam sets corresponding to the first and second sub-regions are determined. As can be seen, this technical solution, in the process of constructing the beam set corresponding to the antenna array, can divide the antenna array resources into upper and lower sub-arrays according to the user distribution and service conditions in the vertical spatial domain, thus achieving resource decoupling of the antenna array resources. The antenna array resources are then associated with corresponding sub-regions in the vertical spatial domain. By constructing the beam sets corresponding to the upper and lower sub-arrays respectively, beam sets for serving the corresponding sub-regions can be obtained, achieving the effect of decoupling the antenna array beam resources in the vertical spatial domain. This allows beam resources to be managed independently in the vertical spatial domain, providing a foundation for the domain-specific scheduling of beam resources in the vertical spatial domain. This, in turn, helps improve the spatial control accuracy of beam resources and provides a reliable guarantee for effectively improving the efficiency of air-to-ground communication. Compared to beamforming methods that construct beam sets across the entire array, this technical solution combines user distribution and service conditions in integrated ground-air communication scenarios to achieve a more reasonable beam configuration scheme. Thus, even in scenarios with dense access from ground and / or low-altitude users, the beam resources in different airspaces are decoupled and can be scheduled in different domains. Therefore, it can overcome the technical bottleneck of unified array polling in current antenna equipment, reduce access latency, and thus ensure access efficiency.

[0134] The specific execution steps can be found in the various steps of the above beam configuration method embodiments, and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, they will not be repeated here.

[0135] It should be noted that the electronic devices in the embodiments of this application include: servers, terminals, or other devices besides terminals.

[0136] The above electronic device structure does not constitute a limitation on the electronic device. An electronic device may include more or fewer components than illustrated, or combine certain components, or arrange them differently. For example, an input unit may include a Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) and a microphone, and a display unit may use a liquid crystal display (LCD), organic light-emitting diode (OLED), or other similar display panels. User input units include at least one of a touch panel and other input devices. A touch panel is also called a touchscreen. Other input devices may include, but are not limited to, physical keyboards, function keys (such as volume control buttons, power buttons, etc.), trackballs, mice, and joysticks, which will not be elaborated further here.

[0137] Memory can be used to store software programs and various data. Memory can primarily include a first storage area for storing programs or instructions and a second storage area for storing data. The first storage area can store the operating system, application programs or instructions required for at least one function (such as sound playback, image playback, etc.). Furthermore, memory can include volatile memory or non-volatile memory, or both. Non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can be random access memory (RAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDRSDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous linked dynamic random access memory (Synchlink DRAM, SLDRAM), and direct memory bus RAM (DRRAM).

[0138] The processor may include one or more processing units; optionally, the processor integrates an application processor and a modem processor, wherein the application processor mainly handles operations related to the operating system, user interface, and applications, while the modem processor mainly handles wireless communication signals, such as a baseband processor. It is understood that the aforementioned modem processor may also not be integrated into the processor.

[0139] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium for storing computer-executable instructions. When these computer-executable instructions are executed by a processor, they implement the various processes of the above-described beam configuration method embodiments and achieve the same technical effects. To avoid repetition, they will not be described again here.

[0140] The processor is the processor in the electronic device described in the above embodiments. The readable storage medium includes computer-readable storage media, such as computer read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disk, or optical disk.

[0141] This application also provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the various processes of the above-described beam configuration method embodiments and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described again here.

[0142] This application embodiment also provides a chip, which includes a processor and a communication interface. The communication interface is coupled to the processor. The processor is used to run programs or instructions to implement the various processes of the above-described beam configuration method embodiments and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described again here.

[0143] It should be understood that the chip mentioned in the embodiments of this application may also be referred to as a system-on-a-chip, system chip, chip system, or system-on-a-chip, etc.

[0144] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element. Furthermore, it should be noted that the scope of the methods and apparatuses in the embodiments of this application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, but may also include performing functions substantially simultaneously or in the reverse order, depending on the functions involved. For example, the described methods may be performed in a different order than described, and various steps may be added, omitted, or combined. Additionally, features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

[0145] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms. Of course, they can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk) and includes several instructions to cause a terminal (which may be a mobile phone, computer, server, air conditioner, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments of this application.

[0146] The embodiments of this application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of this application without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims, and all of these forms are within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for beam configuration, characterized in that, The method comprises the steps of: determining an array resource allocation strategy of the antenna according to user distribution information and service data of the antenna in a vertical coverage area; dividing array resources of the antenna array according to the array resource allocation strategy to form an upper subarray and a lower subarray; the upper subarray is used to cover a first subarea in the vertical coverage area, and the lower subarray is used to cover a second subarea in the vertical coverage area; the elevation angle of the first subarea is greater than that of the second subarea; constructing a beam set corresponding to the upper subarray and the lower subarray respectively to obtain an upper subarray beam set and a lower subarray beam set; determining a first candidate beam set corresponding to the first subarea and the second subarea respectively based on the constructed upper subarray beam set and lower subarray beam set.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The array resource allocation strategy comprises an array resource division height; the user distribution information comprises user density distribution data, and the service data comprises service traffic; The method comprises the steps of: determining a target space height between an upper limit space height and a lower limit space height of the vertical coverage area based on the user density distribution data and the service traffic in the vertical coverage area; dividing the vertical coverage area according to the target space height to obtain the first subarea and the second subarea; determining the array resource division height of the antenna according to the first subarea and the second subarea.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein, The array resource allocation strategy comprises an array resource division ratio; the user distribution information comprises a user quantity, and the service data comprises service traffic; The method comprises the steps of: determining the user quantity and the service traffic corresponding to the first subarea and the second subarea in the vertical coverage area respectively; determining the array resource division ratio of the antenna according to the determined user quantity and service traffic.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein, After the upper subarray beam set and the lower subarray beam set are constructed, the method further comprises the steps of: for each beam combination in the upper subarray beam set and the lower subarray beam set, calculating a spatial domain overlap degree corresponding to each beam combination according to a directional gain function of each beam in each beam combination; each beam combination comprises two beams, and each beam is any one beam in the upper subarray beam set and the lower subarray beam set; the spatial domain overlap degree is used to represent the spatial overlap degree between the two beams; in the case where the spatial domain overlap degree is greater than a preset tolerance threshold, it is determined that the beam combination has a high overlap conflict; for the beam combination having the high overlap conflict, reconstructing each beam in the beam combination.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein, After the first candidate beam set corresponding to the first sub-region and the second sub-region is determined based on the constructed upper sub-array beam set and lower sub-array beam set, the method further comprises: For each first candidate beam in the first candidate beam set, the transmission power of the first candidate beam is determined according to the user distribution information, the service data and the path loss in the coverage area of the first candidate beam.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein, The construction of the beam set corresponding to the upper sub-array and the lower sub-array respectively, to obtain the upper sub-array beam set and the lower sub-array beam set, comprises: For the upper sub-array, each first beam corresponding to the upper sub-array is constructed according to the first beam direction vector of the upper sub-array at each first beam pointing angle, and the upper sub-array beam set is determined based on the constructed multiple first beams; the first beam direction vector is calculated based on the first beam pointing angle, and the phase difference and the spacing between adjacent antenna elements in the upper sub-array; For the lower sub-array, each second beam corresponding to the lower sub-array is constructed according to the second beam direction vector of the lower sub-array at each second beam pointing angle, and the lower sub-array beam set is determined based on the constructed multiple second beams; the second beam direction vector is calculated based on the second beam pointing angle, and the phase difference and the spacing between adjacent antenna elements in the lower sub-array.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein, After the first candidate beam set corresponding to the first sub-region and the second sub-region is determined based on the constructed upper sub-array beam set and lower sub-array beam set, the method further comprises: For each first candidate beam in the first candidate beam set, the transmission power of the first candidate beam is determined according to the user distribution information, the service data and the path loss in the coverage area of the first candidate beam.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein, In the case that the first sub-region is a low-altitude region and the second sub-region is a ground region, the field content of the beam type identifier includes a low-altitude identifier or a ground identifier.

9. The method of claim 7, wherein, The beam description information includes the beam type identifier; The method further comprises: Based on each first candidate beam configured with the beam description information, a first target beam for user equipment access is determined through a target stage of an access process; the target stage includes at least one of a measurement stage, a measurement report stage, an access decision stage and a beam switching stage.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein, In the measurement stage, the base station issues a second candidate beam set to the user equipment; the second candidate beam set is composed of multiple beams in each first candidate beam that can serve the user equipment; The user equipment filters out a third beam matching the spatial attribute of the user equipment from the second candidate beam set according to the height of the user equipment and the beam type identifier of each beam in the second candidate beam set, to obtain a third candidate beam set; The user equipment measures each third beam in the third candidate beam set.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein, In the measurement reporting stage, the user equipment reports measurement results of each third beam to the base station; the measurement results include channel quality and beam type identification; In the access decision stage, the base station selects a fourth beam with optimal channel quality and matching spatial domain attribute of the user equipment as the first target beam for the user equipment to access according to the measurement results.

12. The method of claim 9, wherein, The beam description information further includes the beam elevation angle; In the beam switching stage, the user equipment reports measurement results of the second target beam to the base station when a channel quality difference between the current resident beam and the second target beam is greater than an adaptive switching threshold; the adaptive switching threshold is positively related to the beam elevation angle difference between the current resident beam and the second target beam.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein, The adaptive switching threshold is determined based on the beam elevation angle difference, a preset adjustment factor and a preset switching threshold; the adaptive switching threshold is positively related to the preset adjustment factor and the preset switching threshold, respectively.

14. The method of claim 12, wherein, The adaptive switching threshold is the minimum value between a maximum allowed threshold and a normalized adaptive switching threshold; the normalized adaptive switching threshold is determined based on the beam elevation angle difference, a preset adjustment factor, a preset switching threshold, a maximum additional threshold allowed by the beam elevation angle difference and a maximum beam elevation angle corresponding to the antenna; The normalized adaptive switching threshold is positively related to the preset adjustment factor, the preset switching threshold and the maximum additional threshold allowed by the beam elevation angle difference, and negatively related to the maximum beam elevation angle corresponding to the antenna, respectively.

15. The method of claim 12, wherein, In the case that the number of the second target beams is multiple, In the beam switching stage, the second target beam for the user equipment to switch is determined according to historical stability indicators, channel reliability indicators and spatial domain attributes of each second target beam; The historical stability indicators include resident duration and resident fluctuation coefficient, the channel reliability indicators include channel quality or channel quality trend, and the channel quality trend is used to measure fluctuation degree of beam signal.

16. An apparatus for beam configuration, the apparatus comprising: The method comprises: The first determining module is configured to determine the array resource allocation strategy of the antenna according to user distribution information and service data of the antenna in the vertical coverage area; The array resource division module is configured to divide the antenna array of the antenna according to the array resource allocation strategy to form an upper sub-array and a lower sub-array; the upper sub-array is used to cover a first sub-area in the vertical coverage area, and the lower sub-array is used to cover a second sub-area in the vertical coverage area; the elevation angle of the first sub-area is greater than that of the second sub-area. a beam set construction module, configured to construct a beam set corresponding to the upper sub-array and the lower sub-array respectively, to obtain an upper sub-array beam set and a lower sub-array beam set; a second determination module, configured to determine a first candidate beam set corresponding to the first sub-region and the second sub-region respectively based on the upper sub-array beam set and the lower sub-array beam set constructed.

17. An electronic device, comprising: comprising: a processor; and a memory arranged to store computer-executable instructions configured to be executed by the processor, the computer-executable instructions being executed by the processor to implement the beam configuration method according to any one of claims 1-15.

18. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium is configured to store computer-executable instructions, the computer-executable instructions being executed by the processor to implement the beam configuration method according to any one of claims 1-15.

19. A computer program product, characterised in that, The computer program is configured to be executed by the processor to implement the beam configuration method according to any one of claims 1-15.

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