Lamplight illumination control method for operating room nursing
By establishing a "doctor-surgery type" database and a lighting control system that combines high-definition cameras with robotic arms, the problems of personalized adaptation, dynamic tracking, and multi-light coordination in the operating room lighting control system have been solved, improving surgical preparation efficiency and operational precision while reducing energy consumption.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-01-15
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-10
AI Technical Summary
Existing operating room lighting control systems cannot be personalized to the surgeon's operating habits, have insufficient dynamic tracking accuracy, lag in adapting to the surgical process, and have poor multi-light coordination and energy efficiency, resulting in prolonged surgical preparation time, reduced visual field quality, and energy waste.
By establishing a two-dimensional database of "doctor-surgery type", combined with high-definition cameras and robotic arms, personalized brightness and color temperature pre-adjustment is achieved, the surgical area is dynamically tracked, multi-lamp collaboration and energy-saving control are adopted, the lighting mode is adjusted in real time, and the use of lamps is prioritized.
It achieves automatic matching of personalized lighting parameters, reduces surgical preparation time, improves visual clarity, reduces surgical interruption rate, enhances operational accuracy, and saves energy to reduce operating costs.
Smart Images
Figure CN121842898A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of operating room lighting control technology, specifically a lighting control method for operating room nursing. Background Technology
[0002] Operating room lighting systems are core infrastructure for ensuring surgical safety and operational precision. Their control efficiency is directly related to the surgeon's visual clarity, the visual fatigue of medical staff, and the efficiency of the surgical procedure.
[0003] With the development of minimally invasive surgery, precision surgery, and other technologies, traditional operating room lighting control methods are no longer sufficient to meet clinical needs. Existing technologies have the following significant drawbacks: Lack of personalized adaptation: Existing technologies mostly adopt the "standardized parameters for surgical type" model, without taking into account the differences in individual operating habits of the surgeon. For example, senior doctors prefer 800-1000 lux cool white light when performing fine suturing, while younger doctors may need warm white light above 1200 lux. However, the existing system requires nurses to manually adjust it repeatedly, with each adjustment taking an average of 2-3 minutes, which prolongs the surgical preparation time and is prone to affecting the quality of vision due to parameter deviation. Insufficient dynamic tracking accuracy: Current position adjustment relies on static positioning by a single camera or manual infrared guidance, with a positioning accuracy of only ±5mm. It cannot respond to dynamic changes in the surgical area in real time. According to clinical statistics, each surgery requires 3-5 pauses for adjustment due to shadow obstruction, increasing surgical risk and operation interruption rate. Surgical process adaptation to machinery: Existing technologies mostly divide the surgery into stages by pre-setting the surgical duration, without taking into account the actual operation characteristics. When the surgical rhythm changes, the lighting mode switching is lagging and cannot match the lighting needs of different stages in a timely manner. Poor multi-lamp coordination and energy efficiency: The main shadowless lamp, auxiliary lamps, edge lights and other equipment are controlled independently without a priority allocation mechanism. Unnecessary lamps are always on, which leads to energy waste and glare that can interfere with the surgeon's vision. In addition, in the event of a sudden power outage, only a single lamp is used for emergency response, and there is a lack of multi-lamp coordination to ensure safety. Summary of the Invention
[0004] This invention provides a lighting control method for operating room nursing that combines personalized adaptation, dynamic and precise tracking, intelligent process adaptation, and multi-lamp collaborative energy saving, in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a lighting control method for operating room nursing, comprising the following steps: S1: Personalized brightness and color temperature pre-adjustment: establishing a two-dimensional database of "doctor-surgery type" containing the surgeon's identity information, surgery type information and the corresponding relationship of lighting parameters; collecting lighting parameter adjustment records of the target surgeon for a preset number of similar surgeries in the past, using a weighted average algorithm with recent surgeries accounting for 60% and high-difficulty surgeries accounting for 40%, calculating the baseline lighting parameters for the doctor for the current surgery type, and automatically adjusting the main operating room light to the baseline lighting parameters; S2: Dynamic Tracking and Position Adjustment of Surgical Area: At least three high-definition industrial cameras with a resolution of ≥1920×1080 and a frame rate of ≥30fps are deployed around the operating table. Using an image segmentation algorithm based on HSV color space and contour recognition, the "core illumination area" of the surgical area needs 100% illumination coverage and the "auxiliary illumination area" needs 60% illumination coverage. The surgeon's arm movement trajectory is collected simultaneously. The positioning accuracy of the six-degree-of-freedom robotic arm mounted on the main shadowless lamp support is controlled to ±0.5mm. Based on the coordinates of the "core illumination area" and the arm movement trajectory fed back by the cameras, the pitch angle of the main shadowless lamp is adjusted in real time from -30° to 90°, the rotation angle from 0° to 360°, and the height from 1.5 to 2.2m, so that the center of the main shadowless lamp spot always coincides with the "core illumination area". S3: Dynamic Adaptation of Surgical Progress: By collecting the working status of surgical instruments through wireless signal sensors, and combining this with the surgical operation features, incision area changes, local color features, and operation area size collected by the camera in step 2, a surgical stage recognition model is established to automatically determine whether the current surgery is in the incision stage, hemostasis stage, or suturing stage, and switch the corresponding lighting mode accordingly. Determined to be in the cutting stage: Switch to "Wide-area high-intensity light mode", control the main shadowless light spot diameter to 30-40cm and the brightness to 1000-1200 lux; Determine if the bleeding has stopped: Switch to "Focused Warm Light Mode", and control the main shadowless lamp spot diameter to 10-15cm, color temperature to 4200-4500K, and brightness to 800-900lux; Determined to be in the suturing stage: Switch to "Fine Cold Light Mode" and control the main shadowless lamp spot diameter to 8-12cm, color temperature to 4800-5000K, and brightness to 900-1000 lux; S4: Multi-lamp coordination and energy-saving control: Set the priority of operating room lighting fixtures: main shadowless lamp priority 100% > side auxiliary lights initial priority 60% > operating table edge lights initial priority 30%; dynamically adjust the priority and working status of each lighting fixture according to the coverage of the "core lighting area" in step 2 and the surgical stage in step 3: The main shadowless lamp completely covers the "core lighting area": reduce the brightness of the side auxiliary lights to 50% and turn off the operating table edge lights; The surgery involved operations in multiple areas: the priority of the side auxiliary lights was increased to 80%, and the side auxiliary lights and the main shadowless light were controlled to form "dual core lighting"; During non-surgical periods: turn off the main shadowless lamp, reduce the brightness of the side auxiliary lamps to 200 lux, and enter "standby mode".
[0006] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the "personalized brightness and color temperature pre-adjustment" in step 1 also includes a real-time physiological feedback correction step: within 10 minutes after the start of the operation, the diameter of the surgeon's pupil is collected by the miniature pupil monitoring camera on the top of the main shadowless lamp. If the pupil diameter is <3mm, the brightness of the main shadowless lamp is automatically reduced by 5%; if the pupil diameter is >5mm, the brightness of the main shadowless lamp is automatically increased by 5%.
[0007] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, if the target surgeon is collaborating for the first time and there is no historical surgical lighting parameter record in step 1, a "rapid preference test" is performed: 10 minutes before the operation, the surgeon is provided with 3 lighting schemes with different brightness-color temperature combinations, the surgeon's selection results are collected, and the average lighting parameters of similar surgeries performed by surgeons of the same level for ±2 years are combined to generate temporary benchmark lighting parameters. After the surgeon completes 3 similar surgeries, the parameters in the "surgeon-surgery type" database are updated again by weighted average algorithm.
[0008] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, after "collecting the surgeon's arm movement trajectory" in step 2, a trajectory prediction step is also included: the collected arm movement trajectory is processed by using a Kalman filter algorithm to predict the position of the "core illumination area" corresponding to the surgeon's next operation, and the six-degree-of-freedom robotic arm is controlled to adjust the position of the main shadowless lamp 0.5 seconds in advance.
[0009] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, if the camera detects that the assistant's body is blocking the "core lighting area" in step 2, the side auxiliary light is automatically activated to supplement the light: the side auxiliary light is controlled to adjust the angle to the blocked area, and the supplementary light brightness is 80% of the current brightness of the main shadowless light to avoid glare.
[0010] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, step 3, "dynamic adaptation of surgical process", also includes a manual intervention step: a micro control button is set on the handle of the surgical instrument operated by the surgeon. If the surgeon is not satisfied with the automatically switched lighting mode, he / she can manually switch the lighting mode through the button. The system records the manual operation information synchronously and updates it to the surgeon's "doctor-surgery type" dual-dimensional database for the optimization of the reference lighting parameters for the next similar surgery.
[0011] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, step 4, "multi-lamp coordination and energy-saving control", also includes an emergency protection step: if a sudden power outage is detected in the operating room, the backup power supply (with a battery life of ≥2 hours) is immediately activated to prioritize power supply to the core lamps: the main shadowless lamp is controlled to maintain a brightness of 800 lux and a light spot diameter of 20 cm, and the side auxiliary lamps are controlled to maintain a brightness of 500 lux. At the same time, the sound and light alarm device is triggered to prompt medical staff to switch to the emergency surgical procedure.
[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sampling frequency of the miniature pupil monitoring camera is 1 time / second. If the pupil diameter is within the range of 3-5mm after each sampling, the current brightness and color temperature of the main shadowless lamp remain unchanged, and no correction operation is performed.
[0013] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the prediction error threshold of the Kalman filter algorithm is set to ±1mm. If the predicted position deviates from the actual "core illumination area" position by more than 1mm, the robotic arm adjustment parameters are immediately corrected to ensure that the center of the light spot coincides with the "core illumination area" by ≥95%.
[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the micro control button has three settings, corresponding to "wide-area high-intensity light mode," "focused warm light mode," and "fine cool light mode," respectively. After button operation, the system records the corresponding surgical stage and doctor's selection. When entering the same surgical stage again, the system will prioritize recommending the lighting mode previously selected by the doctor. Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. This lighting control method for operating room care automatically generates baseline parameters that match the doctor's habits through a dual-dimensional database of "doctor-surgical type" and a weighted average algorithm. Combined with pupil feedback, it makes real-time fine-tuning without manual intervention, making personalized adaptation more accurate and improving surgical preparation efficiency.
[0015] 2. The lighting control method for operating room nursing uses 3 cameras + HSV image segmentation technology to accurately identify the lighting area. Combined with Kalman filter trajectory prediction and a six-degree-of-freedom robotic arm, the position of the lamp head is adjusted in advance. The center of the light spot and the core area have a high degree of overlap, thereby reducing the number of interruptions in surgery due to shadow adjustment, thus ensuring dynamic tracking without lag and reducing the surgical interruption rate.
[0016] 3. The lighting control method for operating room nursing identifies the surgical stage through a dual-dimensional approach of "instrument signals + visual features," enabling automatic switching between incision, hemostasis, and suturing modes. This ensures more intelligent process adaptation and improves operational precision.
[0017] 4. The lighting control method for operating room nursing establishes a dynamic allocation mechanism for lamp priority, automatically switches to standby mode during non-operational periods, enables energy saving through multi-lamp collaboration, prioritizes backup power to ensure core lighting during power outages, significantly improves emergency safety and helps reduce operating costs. Attached Figure Description
[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the lighting control method of the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0019] Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0020] This invention provides a technical solution: a lighting control method for operating room nursing, comprising the following steps: In a preferred embodiment, step S1 specifically includes the following steps: Personalized brightness and color temperature pre-adjustment: Establish a two-dimensional database of "doctor-surgery type" containing the corresponding relationship between the surgeon's identity information, surgery type information and lighting parameters (brightness: 500-1500 lux, color temperature: 3500-6000K, spot diameter: 8-40cm); collect lighting parameter adjustment records of the target surgeon for a preset number of similar surgeries in the past, and use a weighted average algorithm with recent surgeries accounting for 60% and high-difficulty surgeries accounting for 40% to calculate the doctor's baseline lighting parameters for the current surgery type, and automatically adjust the main shadowless lamp in the operating room to the baseline lighting parameters; The system pre-loads the surgeon's identity information (employee ID, name, surgical specialty) and surgical type classification (e.g., general surgery laparoscopic surgery, orthopedic joint replacement surgery, etc.), and links it to historical lighting parameter records, including brightness (500-1500 lux), color temperature (3500-6000K), and spot diameter (8-40cm). The database supports automatic updates; after each surgery, the final adjustment parameters for that surgery are automatically stored, thus enabling database construction. When a surgery is initiated, the system retrieves the lighting parameter records of the target surgeon's last 30 similar surgeries and performs a weighted calculation based on "60% weight for recent surgeries (last 3 months) and 40% weight for high-difficulty surgeries (including adhesion separation, deep operations, etc.)". For example, if the average brightness of the 18 most recent laparoscopic cholecystectomies performed by surgeon A in the past 30 surgeries is 900 lux and the average brightness of the 12 high-difficulty surgeries is 950 lux, then the baseline brightness = 900 × 60% + 950 × 40% = 920 lux; similarly, the baseline color temperature of 4800K and the spot diameter of 25cm are calculated, and the main shadowless lamp is automatically adjusted to these parameters. The "personalized brightness and color temperature pre-adjustment" also includes a real-time physiological feedback correction step: Within 10 minutes of the start of surgery, the miniature pupil monitoring camera on top of the main operating light collects the surgeon's pupil diameter every second. If the pupil diameter is 2.8mm (<3mm) at the 3-minute sampling, the system automatically reduces the brightness by 5% (920lux→874lux); if the pupil diameter is 3.2mm (within the 3-5mm range) at the 5-minute sampling, the parameters remain unchanged; if the pupil diameter is 5.2mm (>5mm) at the 8-minute sampling, the brightness is increased by 5% (874lux→918lux), ensuring that the lighting parameters dynamically match the surgeon's visual sensitivity. If the target surgeon is collaborating for the first time, the system will push three lighting options 10 minutes before surgery: ① 900 lux brightness + 4600K color temperature; ② 1000 lux brightness + 4800K color temperature; ③ 850 lux brightness + 4500K color temperature. After the surgeon selects option ②, the system will retrieve the average parameters (920 lux brightness, 4700K color temperature) of similar surgeries performed by surgeons of the same level (15 ± 2 years of experience) and generate a temporary benchmark based on "70% of the surgeon's selection + 30% of the average parameters". Brightness = 1000 × 70% + 920 × 30% = 976 lux Color temperature = 4800 × 70% + 4700 × 30% = 4770K; After the doctor completes three similar surgeries, the system recalculates the baseline using the actual parameters from these three surgeries and updates the database.
[0021] In a preferred embodiment, step S2 specifically includes the following steps: dynamic tracking and position adjustment of the surgical area: at least three high-definition industrial cameras with a resolution ≥1920×1080 and a frame rate ≥30fps are deployed around the operating table. Using an image segmentation algorithm based on HSV color space and contour recognition, the "core illumination area" of the surgical area needs 100% illumination coverage and the "auxiliary illumination area" needs 60% illumination coverage. The surgeon's arm movement trajectory is collected simultaneously. The positioning accuracy of the six-degree-of-freedom robotic arm mounted on the main shadowless lamp support is controlled to ±0.5mm. Based on the coordinates of the "core illumination area" and the arm movement trajectory fed back by the cameras, the pitch angle of the main shadowless lamp is adjusted in real time to -30° to 90°, the rotation angle to 0° to 360°, and the height to 1.5 to 2.2m, so that the center of the main shadowless lamp spot always coincides with the "core illumination area". Three high-definition industrial cameras are deployed in an equilateral triangle around the operating table, located 1.8m above the patient's head, left waist, and right waist, respectively, forming a 360° monitoring field of view. The skin color and instrument metallic color features of the surgical area are extracted using the HSV color space segmentation algorithm. Combined with contour recognition, the "core lighting area" (the area within the incision and a diameter of 5cm, which requires 100% illumination coverage) and the "auxiliary lighting area" (the area within the instrument movement radius of 10cm, which requires 60% illumination coverage) are marked. At the same time, the three-dimensional movement trajectory of the surgeon's arm is dynamically captured by a camera (sampling frequency of 30 times / second).
[0022] After "collecting the surgeon's arm movement trajectory", the process also includes a trajectory prediction step: using a Kalman filter algorithm to process the collected arm movement trajectory, predicting the position of the "core illumination area" corresponding to the surgeon's next operation, and controlling the six-degree-of-freedom robotic arm to adjust the position of the main shadowless lamp 0.5 seconds in advance. If the camera detects that the assistant's body is blocking the "core lighting area", the side auxiliary lights will be automatically activated to fill in the light: the side auxiliary lights will be adjusted to the angle of the blocked area, and the brightness of the fill light will be 80% of the current brightness of the main shadowless light to avoid glare. The prediction error threshold of the Kalman filter algorithm is set to ±1mm. If the predicted position deviates from the actual "core illumination area" position by more than 1mm, the robot arm adjustment parameters are immediately corrected to ensure that the center of the light spot coincides with the "core illumination area" by ≥95%. The six-degree-of-freedom robotic arm adjusts the orientation of the main shadowless lamp in real time based on the coordinates (X, Y, Z three-dimensional coordinates) of the "core illumination area" fed back by the camera: pitch angle range -30° to 90° (upward is positive), rotation angle 0° to 360° (clockwise is positive), and height 1.5 to 2.2m. For example, when the core area coordinates move from (0,0,1.8) to (5cm,3cm,1.8), the robotic arm adjusts the rotation angle by +5° and the pitch angle by +3° to ensure that the center of the light spot coincides with the core area. The arm's motion trajectory data is input into the Kalman filter algorithm, and the state equation (X...k =AX k－1 +BU k－1 +W k－1 ) and observation equation (Z k =HX k +V k The system predicts the next core area location with a prediction lead of 0.5 seconds. If the predicted location deviates from the actual location by ≤±1mm, the adjustment parameters are maintained; if the deviation reaches 1.2mm, the rotation and pitch angles of the robotic arm are immediately corrected (correction amount = deviation × 0.8) to ensure that the center of the light spot coincides with the core area by ≥95%. When the camera detects that the assistant's body or the device obstructs the core area (obstruction area >20%), the system locates the coordinates of the obstructed area through image recognition (e.g., 3cm to the left of the core area), controls the rotation mechanism of the side auxiliary light to rotate to directly above the obstructed area, sets the supplementary light brightness to 80% of the current brightness of the main light (e.g., when the main light brightness is 900 lux, the supplementary light brightness is 720 lux), and matches the diameter of the supplementary light spot with the obstructed area (approximately 10cm) to avoid glare interference.
[0023] In a preferred embodiment, step S3 specifically includes the following steps: Dynamic adaptation of the surgical process: Surgical instruments (electrosurgical knife, suction device, needle holder, etc.) are all equipped with wireless signal sensors to send working status signals in real time (e.g., sending "high-frequency electrical signal + timestamp" when the electrosurgical knife is started). Combining the visual features collected by the camera: incision stage (incision area expands from 0 to 3-5cm, electrosurgical knife signal is continuous), hemostasis stage (suction device signal is synchronized with the movement of hemostatic forceps, a red area appears locally), suturing stage (needle holder opening and closing frequency ≥2 times / second, operating area shrinks to 1-2cm), a stage recognition model is established to automatically determine whether the current surgery is in the incision stage, hemostasis stage, or suturing stage, and switch the corresponding lighting mode accordingly. If the incision stage is determined: switch to "wide-area high-intensity light mode", control the diameter of the main shadowless light spot to 30-40cm (covering the incision and surrounding tissue) and the brightness to 1000-1200 lux to ensure a clear overall field of vision; Determine if the bleeding has stopped: Switch to "Focused Warm Light Mode", control the main shadowless lamp spot diameter to 10-15cm (focus on the bleeding point), color temperature to 4200-4500K (enhance the contrast between blood vessels and tissues), and brightness to 800-900 lux to reduce visual fatigue; If the procedure is determined to be in the suturing stage: switch to "Fine Cold Light Mode", control the main shadowless lamp spot diameter to 8-12cm (focusing on the suturing point), color temperature to 4800-5000K (enhancing tissue details), and brightness to 900-1000 lux, to facilitate needle and thread positioning; "Dynamic adaptation of surgical process" also includes manual intervention steps: a micro control button is set on the handle of the surgical instrument operated by the surgeon. If the doctor is not satisfied with the automatically switched lighting mode, he can manually switch the lighting mode by pressing the button. The system records the manual operation information and updates it to the doctor's "doctor-surgery type" dual-dimensional database for the optimization of the benchmark lighting parameters for the next similar surgery. The miniature control buttons have three settings: "Wide-range High Light Mode," "Focused Warm Light Mode," and "Refined Cool Light Mode." After each button press, the system records the corresponding surgical stage and the doctor's selection. When the same surgical stage is performed again, the system will prioritize recommending the lighting mode previously selected by the doctor. If the doctor feels the color temperature is too low during the suturing stage, they can press the blue button to switch to 5100K. The system records this operation (surgical stage: suturing; doctor's selection: color temperature 5100K). The next time the doctor performs a similar surgical suturing stage, the system will automatically recommend a color temperature of 5100K.
[0024] In a preferred embodiment, step S4 specifically includes the following steps: multi-lamp coordination and energy-saving control: Set the priority of operating room lighting fixtures: main shadowless lamp priority 100% > side auxiliary lights initial priority 60% > operating table edge lights initial priority 30%; dynamically adjust the priority and working status of each lighting fixture according to the coverage of the "core lighting area" in step 2 and the surgical stage in step 3: The main shadowless lamp completely covers the "core lighting area": reduce the brightness of the side auxiliary lights to 50% and turn off the operating table edge lights; The surgery involved operations in multiple areas: the priority of the side auxiliary lights was increased to 80%, and the side auxiliary lights and the main shadowless light were controlled to form "dual core lighting"; During deep surgery, the edge light priority is increased to 50%, and 300 lux supplemental lighting is turned on to eliminate deep shadows cast by instruments; During non-surgical periods: turn off the main shadowless lamp, reduce the brightness of the side auxiliary lamps to 200 lux, and enter "standby mode". Energy consumption is reduced by 70% compared to the surgical period. Switch to "sleep mode" between two surgeries. Keep the main lamp at 100 lux for easy equipment adjustment, and turn off the auxiliary lamps.
[0025] The "multi-lamp coordination and energy-saving control" also includes emergency protection steps: the system monitors the power supply status in real time. If a sudden power outage is detected in the operating room, the backup power supply (with a battery life of ≥2 hours) is immediately activated to prioritize power supply to the core lamps: the main shadowless lamp is controlled to maintain a brightness of 800 lux and a light spot diameter of 20 cm, and the side auxiliary lamps are controlled to maintain a brightness of 500 lux. At the same time, the audible and visual alarm device is triggered (sound 70dB, light flashes once per second) to send an "operating room power outage" alarm to the duty room, prompting medical staff to start the emergency surgical procedure (such as shortening the surgical steps and using backup instruments) to ensure surgical safety.
[0026] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
[0027] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A lighting control method for operating room nursing, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Personalized brightness and color temperature preset: Establish a two-dimensional database of "doctor-surgery type" containing the surgeon's identity information, surgery type information and the corresponding relationship of lighting parameters; collect the lighting parameter adjustment records of the target surgeon for a preset number of similar surgeries in the past, and use a weighted average algorithm with recent surgeries accounting for 60% and high-difficulty surgeries accounting for 40% to calculate the doctor's reference lighting parameters for the current surgery type, and automatically adjust the main shadowless lamp in the operating room to the reference lighting parameters; S2: Dynamic Tracking and Position Adjustment of Surgical Area: At least three high-definition industrial cameras with a resolution of ≥1920×1080 and a frame rate of ≥30fps are deployed around the operating table. Using an image segmentation algorithm based on HSV color space and contour recognition, the "core illumination area" of the surgical area needs 100% illumination coverage and the "auxiliary illumination area" needs 60% illumination coverage. The surgeon's arm movement trajectory is collected simultaneously. The positioning accuracy of the six-degree-of-freedom robotic arm mounted on the main shadowless lamp support is controlled to ±0.5mm. Based on the coordinates of the "core illumination area" and the arm movement trajectory fed back by the cameras, the pitch angle of the main shadowless lamp is adjusted in real time from -30° to 90°, the rotation angle from 0° to 360°, and the height from 1.5 to 2.2m, so that the center of the main shadowless lamp spot always coincides with the "core illumination area". S3: Dynamic Adaptation of Surgical Progress: By collecting the working status of surgical instruments through wireless signal sensors, and combining this with the surgical operation features, incision area changes, local color features, and operation area size collected by the camera in step 2, a surgical stage recognition model is established to automatically determine whether the current surgery is in the incision stage, hemostasis stage, or suturing stage, and switch the corresponding lighting mode accordingly. Determined to be in the cutting stage: Switch to "Wide-area high-intensity light mode", control the main shadowless light spot diameter to 30-40cm and the brightness to 1000-1200 lux; Determine if the bleeding has stopped: Switch to "Focused Warm Light Mode", and control the main shadowless lamp spot diameter to 10-15cm, color temperature to 4200-4500K, and brightness to 800-900lux; Determined to be in the suturing stage: Switch to "Fine Cold Light Mode" and control the main shadowless lamp spot diameter to 8-12cm, color temperature to 4800-5000K, and brightness to 900-1000 lux; S4: Multi-lamp coordination and energy-saving control: Set the priority of operating room lighting fixtures: main shadowless lamp priority 100% > side auxiliary lights initial priority 60% > operating table edge lights initial priority 30%; dynamically adjust the priority and working status of each light fixture according to the coverage of the "core lighting area" in step 2 and the surgical stage in step 3: The main shadowless lamp completely covers the "core lighting area": reduce the brightness of the side auxiliary lights to 50% and turn off the operating table edge lights; The surgery involved operations in multiple areas: the priority of the side auxiliary lights was increased to 80%, and the side auxiliary lights and the main shadowless light were controlled to form "dual core lighting"; During non-surgical periods: turn off the main shadowless lamp, reduce the brightness of the side auxiliary lamps to 200 lux, and enter "standby mode".
2. The lighting control method for operating room nursing according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step 1, "Personalized brightness and color temperature pre-adjustment," also includes a real-time physiological feedback correction step: within 10 minutes after the start of the surgery, the diameter of the surgeon's pupil is collected by the miniature pupil monitoring camera on the top of the main shadowless lamp. If the pupil diameter is <3mm, the brightness of the main shadowless lamp is automatically reduced by 5%; if the pupil diameter is >5mm, the brightness of the main shadowless lamp is automatically increased by 5%.
3. The lighting control method for operating room nursing according to claim 1, characterized in that, If the target surgeon is collaborating with the doctor for the first time and there is no historical record of surgical lighting parameters in step 1, then a "rapid preference test" is performed: 10 minutes before the operation, the doctor is provided with 3 lighting schemes with different brightness-color temperature combinations, the doctor's selection results are collected, and combined with the average lighting parameters of similar surgeries performed by doctors of the same level for ±2 years, temporary benchmark lighting parameters are generated. After the doctor has completed 3 similar surgeries, the parameters in the "doctor-surgery type" database are updated again by weighted average algorithm.
4. The lighting control method for operating room nursing according to claim 1, characterized in that: After "collecting the surgeon's arm movement trajectory" in step 2, the trajectory prediction step is also included: the collected arm movement trajectory is processed using the Kalman filter algorithm to predict the position of the "core illumination area" corresponding to the surgeon's next operation, and the six-degree-of-freedom robotic arm is controlled to adjust the position of the main shadowless lamp 0.5 seconds in advance.
5. A lighting control method for operating room nursing according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 2, if the camera detects that the assistant's body is blocking the "core lighting area", the side auxiliary lights will be automatically activated to fill the light: the side auxiliary lights will be adjusted to the blocked area, and the brightness of the fill light will be 80% of the current brightness of the main shadowless light to avoid glare.
6. The lighting control method for operating room nursing according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step 3, "Dynamic Adaptation of Surgical Progress," also includes a manual intervention step: a micro-control button is set on the handle of the surgical instrument operated by the surgeon. If the surgeon is not satisfied with the automatically switched lighting mode, he / she can manually switch the lighting mode through the button. The system records the manual operation information synchronously and updates it to the surgeon's "Surgeon-Surgery Type" dual-dimensional database for the optimization of the baseline lighting parameters for the next similar surgery.
7. A lighting control method for operating room nursing according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step 4, "Multi-lamp coordination and energy-saving control," also includes emergency response steps: If a sudden power outage is detected in the operating room, the backup power supply (with a battery life of ≥2 hours) will be activated immediately to prioritize powering the core lights: the main shadowless lamp will be kept at a brightness of 800 lux and a spot diameter of 20 cm, while the side auxiliary lights will be kept at a brightness of 500 lux. At the same time, the audible and visual alarm device will be triggered to prompt medical staff to switch to the emergency surgical procedure.
8. A lighting control method for operating room nursing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sampling frequency of the miniature pupil monitoring camera is 1 time / second. After each sampling, if the pupil diameter is within the range of 3-5mm, the current brightness and color temperature of the main shadowless lamp remain unchanged, and no correction operation is performed.
9. A lighting control method for operating room nursing according to claim 4, characterized in that: The prediction error threshold of the Kalman filter algorithm is set to ±1mm. If the predicted position deviates from the actual "core illumination area" position by more than 1mm, the robot arm adjustment parameters are immediately corrected to ensure that the center of the light spot coincides with the "core illumination area" by ≥95%.
10. A lighting control method for operating room nursing according to claim 6, characterized in that: The micro control button has three settings, corresponding to "wide-area high light mode", "focused warm light mode" and "fine cool light mode". After the button is pressed, the system records the corresponding surgical stage and doctor's selection. When entering the same surgical stage again, the system will prioritize recommending the lighting mode selected by the doctor last time.