A truck cargo loading and unloading machine

Abstract

This invention provides a truck cargo loading and unloading machine, belonging to the technical field of logistics loading and unloading equipment. The machine includes a chassis, a conveyor line, a personnel platform, and a linkage connector. A lifting drive is located at the bottom of the front conveyor line, and the linkage connector connects the personnel platform to the front conveyor line. This invention enables the personnel platform and the front conveyor line to share the same drive source for synchronous lifting and lowering through the linkage connector. Workers can operate by lifting and lowering the platform without climbing, reducing labor intensity and eliminating safety hazards. Compared to independent drive solutions, this structure simplifies the drive components, reducing costs and failure rates. In particular, the use of a two-section tie rod with a limiting structure solves the problem of controllable folding after the platform is lowered to its lowest position, ensuring reliable and safe operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of logistics loading and unloading equipment technology, specifically to a truck cargo loading and unloading machine. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of the logistics and transportation industry, cargo loading and unloading efficiency has become one of the key factors affecting the speed of logistics turnover. In the loading and unloading operation of truck compartments, telescopic conveyors are currently the most widely used loading and unloading equipment. Their working method is to extend the conveyor line into the truck compartment and realize the transfer of goods between the compartment and the loading and unloading platform through belt conveyor. Workers carry goods from the compartment to the conveyor line or take goods off the conveyor line to complete the loading and unloading operation.

[0003] However, the above methods have significant shortcomings when dealing with large truck beds. The internal height of large truck beds typically exceeds 3 meters, and goods are often stacked from the bottom to near the top. The conveyor line height of a telescopic conveyor is generally only around 1.4 meters, and even with slight adjustments to the line angle, the height reachable by the front end remains very limited. When workers need to load or unload goods at higher positions, they cannot reach the goods from the bottom of the truck bed and usually need to use ladders or other auxiliary tools to climb to the appropriate height for the operation. This method is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also poses significant safety hazards for workers climbing and carrying goods at heights, severely restricting overall loading and unloading efficiency.

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, a few manufacturers have attempted to incorporate manned platforms into loading and unloading equipment, allowing workers to stand on these platforms and work at varying heights as the equipment rises and falls. However, existing solutions typically employ independent drive modules for lifting and lowering, such as a motor-driven chain that moves the platform up and down along guide rails. While this independent drive method achieves platform lifting, it adds extra drive components like motors and chains, resulting in a complex overall structure, higher manufacturing costs, and a higher failure rate, increasing the difficulty of maintenance and repair. Furthermore, the chain becomes slack after the platform descends to its lowest position, making its position and shape difficult to predict. This could lead to interference with other components when the platform rises again, posing a safety risk. Additionally, the manned platform and the conveyor line are controlled by separate drive systems, lacking a direct mechanical connection. A failure in one drive system could cause inconsistencies in the movement of the manned platform and the conveyor line, potentially affecting worker safety.

[0005] Therefore, how to simplify the drive structure, reduce equipment costs and failure rates, and ensure the controllability of the platform's movement and operational safety during the lifting process, while achieving synchronous lifting and lowering of the platform with the conveyor line, is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a truck cargo loading and unloading machine that uses a two-section tie rod mechanical linkage mechanism to enable the standing platform and the front conveyor line to share the same drive source for synchronous lifting and lowering. The controllable folding of the tie rod after the platform reaches its lowest position is solved by the combination of the limit bolt and the irregular groove structure.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0008] A truck cargo loading and unloading machine includes: a chassis with a set of wheels at its bottom; a conveyor line mounted on the chassis, the conveyor line including a front conveyor line, the bottom of which is provided with a lifting drive for driving the front end of the front conveyor line to rise and fall to different heights; a standing platform movably disposed at the front end of the chassis in a vertical direction; and a linkage connector connecting the standing platform and the front conveyor line, such that the standing platform rises and falls synchronously with the front conveyor line.

[0009] Furthermore: the linkage connector is a two-section pull rod, which includes an upper pull rod and a lower pull rod that are hinged together. The upper pull rod is hinged to the front conveyor line, and the lower pull rod is hinged to the standing platform. A limit structure is provided at the hinge of the upper pull rod and the lower pull rod. The limit structure is used to limit the included angle between the upper pull rod and the lower pull rod to less than 180°.

[0010] Furthermore, the limiting structure includes a limiting bolt disposed on one side of the hinge joint between the upper pull rod and the lower pull rod, and an irregular groove disposed on the other side. The limiting bolt and the irregular groove cooperate to maintain an angle between the upper pull rod and the lower pull rod in the unfolded state, tilting towards the front conveyor line, so that the two-section pull rod folds towards the front conveyor line when the standing platform is lowered to the lowest position.

[0011] Furthermore, the upper pull rod is hinged to the front conveyor line via a spherical bearing. The connecting end of the spherical bearing is provided with a threaded section. By turning the threaded section, the effective length of the upper pull rod can be adjusted to change the relative height between the standing platform and the front conveyor line.

[0012] Furthermore: a lifting guide rail is provided at the front end of the chassis in a vertical direction, and guide wheels are provided on both sides of the standing platform. The guide wheels are embedded in the lifting guide rail and roll along the lifting guide rail to guide and support the lifting of the standing platform.

[0013] Furthermore: the standing platform is provided with retractable extension plates on both sides along the width direction of the chassis, the extension plates are used to adjust the width of the standing platform to accommodate carriages of different widths; the standing platform is provided with a foot switch, the foot switch is signal-connected to the lifting drive component, and is used to control the lifting of the front conveyor line and the standing platform.

[0014] Furthermore, the conveyor line also includes a rear conveyor line and a transition conveyor section disposed between the front conveyor line and the rear conveyor line. The bottom of the rear conveyor line is provided with an angle adjustment component for adjusting the tilt angle of the rear conveyor line to connect with external conveying equipment of different heights. The transition conveyor section is a transition roller line or a transition plate for easing the angle between the front conveyor line and the rear conveyor line.

[0015] Furthermore: a connecting auxiliary platform is provided at the front end of the front conveyor line. The connecting auxiliary platform rises and falls synchronously with the front conveyor line. An angle adjustment mechanism is provided between the connecting auxiliary platform and the front conveyor line to independently adjust the tilt angle of the connecting auxiliary platform.

[0016] Furthermore: the angle adjustment mechanism is a ratchet mechanism, which has multiple positions, each position corresponding to a different tilt angle of the docking auxiliary platform; auxiliary extension plates that can be pulled out along the width direction are provided on both sides of the docking auxiliary platform.

[0017] Furthermore, the walking wheel set includes a drive wheel and a driven wheel, and the drive wheel and the driven wheel are configured in any of the following arrangements: two drive wheels are positioned at the rear and two driven wheels are positioned at the front; or one drive wheel and one driven wheel are arranged diagonally, so that the chassis can move laterally and rotate in place.

[0018] Furthermore, a safety guardrail is installed on the side of the station platform facing the forward conveyor line.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] I. This invention sets up a personnel platform at the front end of the chassis and mechanically connects the personnel platform to the front conveyor line through a linkage connector. This allows the personnel platform to rise and fall synchronously with the front conveyor line. Workers can stand on the personnel platform and move up and down with the equipment to different heights inside the truck bed to perform loading and unloading operations. There is no need to use ladders or other auxiliary tools to climb to high places to move goods, which effectively reduces the labor intensity of workers, improves loading and unloading efficiency, and eliminates the safety hazards caused by workers repeatedly climbing to high places.

[0021] Second, the linkage connector adopts a two-section tie rod design, allowing the personnel platform and the front conveyor line to share the same lifting drive component for synchronous lifting. Compared to the personnel platform's independent motor and chain drive scheme, this reduces the number of drive components, resulting in a simpler overall structure, lower manufacturing costs, lower failure rate, and more convenient maintenance. Furthermore, the tie rod is a rigid connector, ensuring a predictable and controllable movement trajectory. It eliminates the unpredictable position and shape issues associated with a slack chain, thus improving the reliability and safety of the personnel platform during lifting.

[0022] Third, by setting a limiting bolt and a special groove at the hinge of the two-section pull rod, the upper and lower pull rods maintain an angle of inclination towards the forward conveyor line when unfolded. When the standing platform descends to the lowest position, the pull rod can only fold towards the forward conveyor line and will not extend towards the standing platform. This avoids the folded pull rod from intruding into the workers' standing space and causing safety hazards, and also allows the front conveyor line to continue to descend independently after the standing platform reaches the lowest position. This achieves motion decoupling between the standing platform and the front conveyor line under specific working conditions, taking into account both the functional requirements of linkage synchronization and independent adjustment. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the truck body loading and unloading machine of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure at the linkage connector;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of the linkage connector;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the linkage connection component in a working state of the truck body loading and unloading machine of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the linkage connection component under another working state of the truck body loading and unloading machine of the present invention;

[0028] In the picture:

[0029] 1. Chassis; 1.1. Walking wheel set; 1.2. Lifting guide rail; 2. Conveyor line; 2.1. Front conveyor line; 2.2. Transition conveyor section; 2.3. Rear conveyor line; 2.4. Support cylinder; 3. Standing platform; 3.1. Foot switch; 3.2. Extension plate; 4. Connecting auxiliary platform; 5. Upper pull rod; 5.1. Limit bolt; 5.2. Joint bearing; 5.3. Connecting plate; 6. Lower pull rod; 6.1. Irregular groove; 7. Safety guardrail. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0032] like Figure 1-2 As shown, this embodiment provides a truck cargo loading and unloading machine, mainly used for loading and unloading goods in truck cargo compartments, especially large truck cargo compartments with an internal height exceeding 3 meters. The loading and unloading machine mainly consists of three parts: chassis 1, conveyor line 2, and standing platform 3. The whole machine can drive into the truck cargo compartment by itself, and workers can stand on the standing platform 3 and move goods to different heights inside the cargo compartment with the equipment without the need for ladders or other auxiliary tools.

[0033] The chassis 1 serves as the load-bearing foundation for the entire machine, and its bottom is equipped with a set of traveling wheels 1.1, which includes drive wheels and driven wheels. Depending on the specific requirements of the actual operating site, the drive wheels and driven wheels can be configured in different ways. In one configuration, two drive wheels are positioned at the rear and two driven wheels at the front. This arrangement is similar to the drive configuration of a rear-wheel drive vehicle, providing good climbing performance and suitable for loading and unloading sites with ramps. In another configuration, one drive wheel and one driven wheel are arranged diagonally, i.e., one drive wheel is located on one side of the rear of the chassis 1, and the other drive wheel is located on the diagonally opposite side of the front of the chassis 1. This arrangement allows the chassis 1 to achieve lateral movement and rotation in place, suitable for operating scenarios with narrow interior space and requiring flexible adjustment of equipment posture. The chassis 1 is powered by its own battery or an external power source. A mounting base is located at the rear of the chassis 1 for connecting to and supporting the conveyor line 2.

[0034] A lifting guide rail 1.2 is vertically mounted on the front end of chassis 1, extending vertically on both sides of the front end. Guide wheels are correspondingly mounted on both sides of the standing platform 3, embedded in the lifting guide rail 1.2 and capable of rolling up and down along it. The cooperation between the lifting guide rail 1.2 and the guide wheels serves two purposes: firstly, it provides guidance for the lifting movement of the standing platform 3, ensuring smooth vertical movement without swaying; secondly, it withstands the overturning moment generated during lifting due to workers standing or carrying goods, ensuring the stability and safety of the standing platform 3 during lifting and operation.

[0035] The conveyor line 2 is mounted on the chassis 1 and includes three sections: a front conveyor line 2.1, a transition conveyor section 2.2, and a rear conveyor line 2.3. A lifting drive component is installed at the bottom of the front conveyor line 2.1. In this embodiment, the lifting drive component is specifically a support cylinder 2.4. The extension and retraction of the support cylinder 2.4 can adjust the tilt angle of the front conveyor line 2.1, thereby raising and lowering the front end of the front conveyor line 2.1 to different heights to accommodate goods at different height levels within the carriage. It should be noted that the lifting drive component is not limited to the support cylinder 2.4; other components capable of providing linear driving force, such as electric actuators, can also be used. Similarly, an angle adjustment component is installed at the bottom of the rear conveyor line 2.3. In this embodiment, the angle adjustment component can also be a support cylinder 2.4 or a manual adjustment mechanism, used to adjust the tilt angle of the rear conveyor line 2.3 to connect with external conveying equipment at different heights, such as telescopic conveyors or external roller conveyors. A transition conveyor section 2.2 is provided between the front conveyor line 2.1 and the rear conveyor line 2.3. Since the front conveyor line 2.1 and the rear conveyor line 2.3 can each be independently adjusted in angle, when both are tilted upwards, a downward-sloping angle is formed at the connection point of the two lines. Without the transition conveyor section 2.2, longer or wider goods are easily jammed at this angle and cannot pass smoothly. The transition conveyor section 2.2 softens the angle transition between the front and rear lines, allowing goods to be smoothly transported from one line to the other. The transition conveyor section 2.2 can be in the form of a transition roller conveyor or a transition plate.

[0036] The standing platform 3 is vertically movably mounted at the front end of the chassis 1, located in front of the front conveyor line 2.1. The standing platform 3 is connected to the front conveyor line 2.1 via a linkage connector, allowing the standing platform 3 to rise and fall synchronously with the front conveyor line 2.1. In this embodiment, the linkage connector is specifically a two-section pull rod, comprising an upper pull rod 5 and a lower pull rod 6, which are hinged together. The upper end of the upper pull rod 5 is hinged to the front conveyor line 2.1, and the lower end of the lower pull rod 6 is hinged to the standing platform 3. When the front end of the front conveyor line 2.1 rises under the drive of the support cylinder 2.4, the upper pull rod 5 is driven upwards by the front conveyor line 2.1, transmitting force to the lower pull rod 6 through the hinge. The lower pull rod 6 then drives the standing platform 3 to move upwards along the lifting guide rail 1.2; conversely, when the front end of the front conveyor line 2.1 descends, the standing platform 3 also descends accordingly. Therefore, the manned platform 3 and the front conveyor line 2.1 share the same support cylinder 2.4 as the drive source, realizing synchronous lifting and lowering, without the need to set up separate drive components such as motors and chains for the manned platform 3.

[0037] like Figure 3-5As shown, a limiting structure is provided at the hinge of the upper pull rod 5 and the lower pull rod 6. In this embodiment, the limiting structure includes a limiting bolt 5.1 on one side of the hinge and a shaped groove 6.1 on the other side. Specifically, a limiting bolt 5.1 is provided on one side of the hinge end of the upper pull rod 5, and a shaped groove 6.1 is provided at the corresponding position of the lower pull rod 6. When the two-section pull rod is extended, the limiting bolt 5.1 is engaged in the shaped groove 6.1. At this time, the included angle between the upper pull rod 5 and the lower pull rod 6 is limited to less than 180°, that is, the two sections of the pull rod are not completely straightened, but maintain a slightly inclined included angle towards the side of the forward conveyor line 2.1 (i.e., towards the rear) in the extended state. The purpose of this limiting structure is that when the standing platform 3 descends to the lowest position and cannot continue to descend, if the front conveyor line 2.1 still needs to continue to descend, the two-section pull rod needs to be folded to release the continued movement of the front conveyor line 2.1. Because the limiting structure keeps the pull rod slightly tilted backward in the unfolded state, it can only fold towards the front conveyor 2.1 (i.e., backward) when folded, and not towards the standing platform 3 (i.e., forward). If the pull rod folds forward, it will encroach on the workers' standing space, creating a safety hazard. If flexible connectors such as chains are used, the position and shape after slack are unpredictable, and it may interfere with other components when raised again. The two-section pull rod design, combined with the limiting structure, ensures that the pull rod is in a controllable position and posture after folding. When it needs to be raised again, it can unfold along a defined trajectory, ensuring the reliability and safety of the movement process. After the pull rod folds backward, it no longer applies force to the standing platform 3, which remains stationary at its lowest position. Meanwhile, the front conveyor 2.1 can continue to descend independently under the drive of the support cylinder 2.4, achieving decoupling of the movement between the standing platform 3 and the front conveyor 2.1 under this specific working condition.

[0038] The upper pull rod 5 is hinged to the front conveyor body 2.1 via a spherical bearing 5.2. The spherical bearing 5.2 is a standard part with a threaded section at its connecting end. By tightening the threaded section, the effective length of the upper pull rod 5 can be adjusted, thereby changing the relative height difference between the standing platform 3 and the front conveyor body 2.1. In actual use, workers of different heights have different preferences for the height difference between the standing platform 3 and the conveyor body 2. Taller workers may need a larger height difference to bend over and pick up goods, while shorter workers need a smaller height difference. This height difference can be finely adjusted by adjusting the screw depth of the threaded section, improving the equipment's applicability to different operators. The upper pull rod 5 has a cylindrical body to accommodate the installation of the spherical bearing 5.2; the lower pull rod 6 has a plate-like structure with a shaped groove 6.1 that mates with the limiting bolt 5.1. The outer surface of the lower pull rod 6 is treated with a transition arc surface to strengthen the structural strength of the groove area. A connecting plate 5.3 is also provided between the upper pull rod 5 and the lower pull rod 6. The connecting plate 5.3 is welded and fixed to the upper pull rod 5. The connecting plate 5.3 is equipped with a limit bolt 5.1 and has a pin hole, and is hinged to the lower pull rod 6 through the pin.

[0039] The standing platform 3 is equipped with retractable extension panels 3.2 on both sides, extending along the width of the chassis 1. Different models of trucks have different cargo box widths; by retracting the extension panels 3.2, the effective width of the standing platform 3 can be adjusted, allowing it to adapt to cargo boxes of varying widths and maximizing lateral coverage within the cargo box. This facilitates lateral movement of workers on the platform to load and unload goods. The retraction stroke of the extension panels 3.2 can be set according to actual needs.

[0040] A foot switch 3.1 is installed on the standing platform 3. This foot switch 3.1 is connected to the lifting drive (i.e., the support cylinder 2.4) and is used to control the lifting of the front conveyor line 2.1 and the standing platform 3. The foot switch 3.1 is located on the inner side of the standing platform 3 and is equipped with a protective cover to reduce the risk of workers accidentally stepping on it during operation. In actual operation, workers use their hands to move goods. When the working height needs to be adjusted, the lifting can be controlled by stepping on the foot switch 3.1, eliminating the need to release their hands and enabling coordinated hand-foot operation. For example, after completing the transport of goods on the top layer, the worker can step on the foot switch 3.1 while moving the last item to lower the platform, directly transitioning to the next level to continue working, reducing waiting and operation switching time and improving continuous operation efficiency. Simultaneously, a manual operation button is also installed on the conveyor line 2, allowing workers to control the lifting manually when not moving goods.

[0041] The standing platform 3 is equipped with a safety guardrail 7 on the side facing the forward conveyor line 2.1. When the standing platform 3 is raised to a higher position, the worker's body side faces the linkage connector. Without protective measures, the worker may be pinched by the linkage connector and its associated connecting structure during the raising and lowering of the standing platform 3, causing a safety accident.

[0042] The connecting auxiliary platform 4 is located at the front end of the front conveyor 2.1, and rises and falls synchronously with the front conveyor 2.1 to different heights. The main function of the connecting auxiliary platform 4 is to provide a transitional receiving surface when workers are handling goods. When the equipment rises to a higher position, workers can pull the goods from the shelf outwards, allowing them to fall onto the connecting auxiliary platform 4 first, and then smoothly push them from the connecting auxiliary platform 4 onto the conveyor 2. This avoids workers having to completely lift the goods, reducing handling intensity. An angle adjustment mechanism is installed between the connecting auxiliary platform 4 and the front conveyor 2.1 to independently adjust the tilt angle of the connecting auxiliary platform 4. When the lifting angle of the front conveyor 2.1 is large, if the connecting auxiliary platform 4 maintains the same tilt angle as the front conveyor 2.1, the surface of the connecting auxiliary platform 4 will also be significantly tilted, which is not conducive to the placement and transition of goods. The angle adjustment mechanism allows for independent adjustment of the angle of the connecting auxiliary platform 4, keeping its surface relatively flat. In this embodiment, the angle adjustment mechanism is specifically a ratchet mechanism. The ratchet mechanism has multiple positions, each corresponding to a different tilt angle of the connecting auxiliary platform 4. Workers can select the appropriate position according to the current tilt state of the front conveyor line 2.1. The connecting auxiliary platform 4 is also equipped with pull-out auxiliary extension plates on both sides along its width, used to adjust the width of the connecting auxiliary platform 4 to accommodate carriages of different widths.

[0043] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly. They should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent transformations or modifications made in accordance with the spirit and essence of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A truck cargo loading and unloading machine, characterized in that, include: The chassis has a set of wheels at its bottom; the conveyor line is mounted on the chassis and includes a front conveyor line. The bottom of the front conveyor line is provided with a lifting drive, which is used to drive the front end of the front conveyor line to rise and fall to different heights. A standing platform, which is movably mounted vertically at the front end of the chassis; and a linkage connector, which connects the standing platform to the front conveyor line, so that the standing platform rises and falls synchronously with the rise and fall of the front conveyor line. The linkage connector is a two-section pull rod, which includes an upper pull rod and a lower pull rod that are hinged together. The upper pull rod is hinged to the front conveyor line, and the lower pull rod is hinged to the standing platform. A limit structure is provided at the hinge of the upper pull rod and the lower pull rod. The limit structure is used to limit the included angle between the upper pull rod and the lower pull rod to less than 180°. The limiting structure includes a limiting bolt disposed on one side of the hinge joint between the upper pull rod and the lower pull rod, and an irregular groove disposed on the other side. The limiting bolt and the irregular groove cooperate to keep the upper pull rod and the lower pull rod at an angle inclined towards the front conveyor line when they are in the unfolded state, so that the two-section pull rod folds towards the front conveyor line when the standing platform is lowered to the lowest position. The front end of the front conveyor line is provided with a connecting auxiliary platform, which rises and falls synchronously with the front conveyor line. An angle adjustment mechanism is provided between the connecting auxiliary platform and the front conveyor line to independently adjust the tilt angle of the connecting auxiliary platform.

2. The truck body loading and unloading machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper pull rod is hinged to the front conveyor line via a spherical bearing. The connecting end of the spherical bearing is provided with a threaded section. By turning the threaded section, the effective length of the upper pull rod can be adjusted to change the relative height between the standing platform and the front conveyor line.

3. The freight car loading and unloading machine according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that, The front end of the chassis is provided with a vertical lifting guide rail, and the two sides of the standing platform are provided with guide wheels. The guide wheels are embedded in the lifting guide rail and roll along the lifting guide rail to guide and support the lifting of the standing platform.

4. The freight car loading and unloading machine according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that, The standing platform is provided with retractable extension plates on both sides along the width of the chassis. The extension plates are used to adjust the width of the standing platform to accommodate carriages of different widths. The standing platform is provided with a foot switch, which is signal-connected to the lifting drive component and used to control the lifting of the front conveyor line and the standing platform.

5. The freight car loading and unloading machine according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that, The conveyor line also includes a rear conveyor line and a transition conveyor section disposed between the front conveyor line and the rear conveyor line. The bottom of the rear conveyor line is provided with an angle adjustment component for adjusting the tilt angle of the rear conveyor line to connect with external conveying equipment of different heights. The transition conveyor section is a transition roller line or a transition plate for easing the angle between the front conveyor line and the rear conveyor line.

6. The freight car loading and unloading machine according to claim 5, characterized in that, The angle adjustment mechanism is a ratchet mechanism with multiple positions, each corresponding to a different tilt angle of the docking auxiliary platform; auxiliary extension plates that can be pulled out along the width direction are provided on both sides of the docking auxiliary platform.

7. The freight car loading and unloading machine according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that, The walking wheel assembly includes a drive wheel and a driven wheel, which are configured in any of the following arrangements: two drive wheels are positioned at the rear and two driven wheels are positioned at the front; or one drive wheel and one driven wheel are arranged diagonally, enabling the chassis to move laterally and rotate in place.

8. The freight car loading and unloading machine according to claim 4, characterized in that, The platform is equipped with a safety railing on the side facing the forward conveyor line.

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