Satellite beam pointing update methods, electronic devices, storage media and software products

Abstract

This application provides a satellite beam pointing update method, electronic device, storage medium, and program product, relating to the field of communication technology. By determining the aggregation location and assessing its impact on the coverage quality of each terminal, and then updating the beam pointing according to the degree of impact, this method achieves precise and adaptive adjustment of the beam pointing. While ensuring that a single beam covers as many terminals as possible, this method maintains stable coverage performance of each terminal link, improving the overall service stability and operational efficiency of the satellite communication system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and more specifically, to a satellite beam pointing update method, electronic device, storage medium, and program product. Background Technology

[0002] In the construction and application of satellite communication systems, with the rapid development of low-Earth orbit and medium-Earth orbit satellite communication networks, the demand for concurrent access by multiple terminals and wide-area continuous coverage continues to increase. The overall coverage range of a satellite is much larger than the coverage range of a single beam. In order to achieve refined management of the satellite coverage area and efficient terminal access, the industry generally adopts beam partitioning to divide the overall coverage range of the satellite into several independent beam coverage areas, i.e., beam positions. The size of each beam position is determined by the projection range of the 3dB beamwidth on the ground. A certain overlap area is set between adjacent beam positions to avoid coverage blind spots. A large number of beam positions can be combined in an orderly manner to form the complete coverage range of the satellite.

[0003] In existing technical solutions, the geographical range of the beam positions is planned in advance. When the satellite passes over the target airspace, it performs beam coverage tasks according to the preset beam position set. The core control strategy is to fix the direction of each beam to the latitude and longitude of the center point of the corresponding beam position. This fixed-pointing method is simple to operate and can achieve basic coverage of terminals within the beam position range. However, it has obvious performance shortcomings in practical applications: when the terminal is at the center of the beam position, it can obtain the optimal beam radiation gain and the communication quality is stable; but when the terminal is at the edge of the beam position or in the overlapping area of ​​adjacent beam positions, the spatial position deviation between the terminal and the center point of the beam position will cause the beam radiation power to the terminal to decrease by 3dB compared with the center point, directly weakening the terminal's link budget and causing problems such as reduced communication rate and signal interruption. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a satellite beam pointing update method, electronic device, storage medium, and program product to improve the problem that existing beam pointing methods cannot simultaneously achieve multi-terminal coverage and excellent coverage performance.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a satellite beam pointing update method, applied to a satellite base station, the method comprising:

[0006] Obtain the location information of multiple terminals within the current coverage area of ​​the satellite beam;

[0007] Based on the location information, determine the convergence position for optimizing beam pointing;

[0008] Based on the relative spatial relationship between the location of each terminal and the aggregation location, assess the impact of updating the satellite beam pointing to the aggregation location on the coverage quality of each terminal;

[0009] Based on the degree of impact, determine whether to update the current direction of the satellite beam to point to the aggregation location.

[0010] In the above implementation process, by determining the aggregation location and assessing its impact on the coverage quality of each terminal, and then updating the beam pointing according to the degree of impact, the method achieves accurate and adaptive adjustment of the beam pointing. While ensuring that a single beam covers as many terminals as possible, this method maintains the stable coverage performance of each terminal link and improves the overall service stability and operational efficiency of the satellite communication system.

[0011] Optionally, the relative spatial relationship can be obtained in the following way:

[0012] Determine a first theoretical vector pointing from the satellite base station to each terminal and a second theoretical vector pointing from the satellite base station to the aggregation location;

[0013] Multiple first angles are obtained between each first theoretical vector and the second theoretical vector, and the multiple first angles are used to characterize the relative spatial relationship.

[0014] In the above implementation process, by determining the first theoretical vector pointing from the satellite base station to each terminal and the second theoretical vector pointing to the aggregation position, and calculating the first angle between the two to characterize the relative spatial relationship, the spatial offset of each terminal relative to the aggregation position can be accurately described in a quantitative way, providing an objective and accurate basis for judging the degree of impact on coverage quality.

[0015] Optionally, assessing the impact of updating the satellite beam pointing to the aggregation location on the coverage quality of each terminal based on the relative spatial relationship between the location of each terminal and the aggregation location includes:

[0016] Each first included angle is compared with a first preset angle threshold, and the impact of updating the satellite beam pointing to the aggregation position on the coverage quality of each terminal is determined based on the comparison results.

[0017] In the above implementation process, by comparing the first angle representing the relative spatial relationship between the terminal and the aggregation position with the first preset angle threshold, the degree of impact on the coverage quality of each terminal after the beam is pointed to the aggregation position can be quantitatively and accurately determined, providing an objective and clear basis for beam pointing update decision.

[0018] Optionally, determining whether to update the current direction of the satellite beam to point to the aggregation location based on the degree of influence includes:

[0019] If the degree of influence is less than the set degree of influence, then the current direction of the satellite beam will be updated to point to the aggregation position;

[0020] If any of the stated impact levels is greater than or equal to the set impact level, then the current direction of the satellite beam is maintained.

[0021] In the above implementation process, this method provides a clear and quantifiable decision basis for beam pointing adjustment, which can accurately ensure that the coverage performance of all terminals after the beam pointing convergence position is not lower than the preset standard; while taking into account the number of terminals covered by a single beam and the coverage quality, it improves the service stability and operating efficiency of the satellite communication system.

[0022] Optionally, the first preset angle threshold is related to the beamwidth of the satellite beam, and / or the first preset angle threshold is half the beamwidth of the satellite beam.

[0023] In the above implementation process, the first preset angle threshold is associated with the satellite beamwidth, or even directly set to half of the beamwidth, so that the critical standard for coverage quality assessment is completely aligned with the actual radiation performance of the beam, avoiding the blindness of setting the threshold without considering the hardware parameters. This threshold selection method based on the characteristics of the beam itself can more accurately determine whether the terminal is in the effective coverage area, providing a scientific and reliable basis for beam pointing update decisions. At the same time, this setting can effectively avoid the problem of over-adjustment or under-adjustment caused by unreasonable thresholds, maximizing the number of terminals covered by a single beam while ensuring that the coverage performance of all terminals meets the standards.

[0024] Optionally, if it is determined that the current pointing of the satellite beam should be maintained, the method further includes:

[0025] For a target terminal among the plurality of terminals that has a location update, obtain the third theoretical vector pointing from the satellite base station to the target terminal;

[0026] Calculate the second angle between the third theoretical vector and the current direction of the satellite beam;

[0027] Based on the comparison result between the second included angle and the second preset angle threshold, it is determined whether to trigger the inter-beam switching of the target terminal, wherein the second preset angle threshold is the beamwidth of the satellite beam.

[0028] In the above implementation process, while maintaining the current direction of the satellite beam, an additional beam switching determination process is added for the target terminal whose position is updated. By calculating the second angle between the third theoretical vector corresponding to the target terminal and the current beam direction, and using the beam width as the second preset angle threshold, it is determined whether to switch. This not only avoids affecting the stable coverage of other terminals due to beam direction adjustment, but also accurately identifies target terminals that are outside the effective coverage range of the current beam.

[0029] Optionally, obtaining the location information of multiple terminals within the current coverage area of ​​the satellite beam includes:

[0030] In response to the location information reported by the initial terminal newly accessing the network among multiple terminals within the current coverage area of ​​the satellite beam, the location information of the multiple terminals is obtained;

[0031] After acquiring the location information of multiple terminals within the current coverage area of ​​the satellite beam, and before determining the aggregation position for optimizing beam pointing based on the location information, the method further includes:

[0032] Obtain the fourth theoretical vector pointing from the satellite base station to the initial terminal;

[0033] Calculate the third angle between the fourth theoretical vector and the current direction of the satellite beam;

[0034] Based on the comparison result between the third included angle and the third preset angle threshold, it is determined whether to trigger the beam pointing update process.

[0035] In the above implementation process, after the initial terminal connects and reports its location information, the third angle between the fourth theoretical vector pointing from the satellite base station to the initial terminal and the current beam pointing is calculated. Then, the third preset angle threshold is used to determine whether to trigger the beam pointing update process. This effectively filters out scenarios where beam adjustment is not required, avoids frequent initiation of subsequent operations such as aggregation location calculation due to the initial terminal's access, and reduces the consumption of onboard computing resources. At the same time, this pre-judgment step ensures that the update is only triggered when the initial terminal's access may affect the current beam coverage performance. This not only ensures the rapid access and effective coverage of the initial terminal, but also avoids interference with the stable communication of existing terminals within the beam, thus improving the service reliability of the satellite communication system.

[0036] Optionally, the third preset angle threshold is half the beamwidth of the satellite beam, and the process of determining whether to update the beam pointing based on the comparison between the third included angle and the third preset angle threshold includes:

[0037] If the comparison result is that the third included angle is greater than or equal to the third preset angle threshold, then the beam pointing update process is triggered.

[0038] If the comparison result is that the third included angle is less than the third preset angle threshold, then the current pointing of the satellite beam is maintained.

[0039] In the above implementation process, the third preset angle threshold is set to half of the satellite beamwidth. The comparison between the third included angle corresponding to the newly accessed initial terminal and the threshold determines whether to trigger the beam pointing update process. The judgment standard is consistent with the actual radiation performance of the beam, ensuring the scientific and reasonable nature of the decision. When the third included angle is less than or equal to the threshold, the current beam pointing is maintained directly, avoiding frequent initiation of subsequent operations such as aggregation position calculation due to the initial terminal access, reducing the consumption of on-board computing resources, and not interfering with the stable coverage of the original terminals. When the third included angle is greater than the threshold, the beam pointing update process is triggered in a timely manner, which can ensure the effective coverage of the initial terminal and take into account both the access needs of new terminals and the overall beam coverage benefits.

[0040] Optionally, the aggregation location is the geometric center of the multiple terminals, or it is the cluster center formed by clustering the locations of the multiple terminals. Selecting either the geometric center or the cluster center of the multiple terminals as the aggregation location allows for flexible adaptation to different terminal distribution scenarios. When the terminals are relatively concentrated, selecting the geometric center as the aggregation location enables efficient coverage of multiple terminals with simple calculations. When the terminals are dispersed, dividing the terminals into groups using a clustering algorithm and selecting the cluster center as the aggregation location allows for precise grouped coverage using satellite multi-beam resources.

[0041] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a satellite beam pointing update device, which operates at a satellite base station, the device comprising:

[0042] The initial position acquisition module is used to acquire the position information of multiple terminals within the current coverage area of ​​the satellite beam;

[0043] The aggregation position determination module is used to determine the aggregation position for optimizing beam pointing based on the position information.

[0044] The impact assessment module is used to assess the impact of updating the satellite beam pointing to the aggregation location on the coverage quality of each terminal based on the relative spatial relationship between the location of each terminal and the aggregation location.

[0045] The pointing update judgment module is used to determine whether to update the current pointing of the satellite beam to point to the aggregation position based on the degree of influence.

[0046] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide an electronic device, including a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores computer-readable instructions, and when the computer-readable instructions are executed by the processor, the steps of the method provided in the first aspect above are performed.

[0047] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, performs the steps of the method provided in the first aspect above.

[0048] Fifthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer program product, including computer program instructions, which, when read and executed by a processor, perform the steps of the method provided in the first aspect above.

[0049] Other features and advantages of this application will be set forth in the following description and will be apparent in part from the description or may be learned by practicing embodiments of this application. The objectives and other advantages of this application may be realized and obtained by means of the structures particularly pointed out in the written description, claims, and drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0050] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments of this application will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0051] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a multi-beam mobile satellite communication system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0052] Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating a satellite beam pointing update method provided in this application embodiment;

[0053] Figure 3 A schematic diagram illustrating the change of the geometric center point of multiple terminals provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0054] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a satellite body coordinate system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0055] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of off-axis angle and azimuth angle provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0056] Figure 6 A detailed flowchart illustrating a beam pointing update implementation provided in this application embodiment;

[0057] Figure 7 A schematic diagram illustrating the change in beam pointing position at various times, provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0058] Figure 8 A structural block diagram of a satellite beam pointing update device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0059] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device for performing a satellite beam pointing update method, provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0060] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0061] It should be noted that the terms "system" and "network" in the embodiments of this invention can be used interchangeably. "Multiple" refers to two or more; therefore, in the embodiments of this invention, "multiple" can also be understood as "at least two". "And / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / ", unless otherwise specified, generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0062] It should also be noted that all actions involving the acquisition of signals, information, or data in this application are carried out in compliance with the relevant data protection laws and policies of the country where the application is located, and with the authorization granted by the owner of the relevant device.

[0063] The technical solution of this application can be applied to non-terrestrial network (NTN) systems such as satellite communication systems and high altitude platform station (HAPS) communication, for example, integrated communication and navigation (ICaN) systems and global navigation satellite systems (GNSS).

[0064] Satellite communication systems can be integrated with traditional mobile communication systems. For example, the mobile communication system can be a fourth-generation (4G) communication system (e.g., Long Term Evolution (LTE) system), a worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) communication system, a fifth-generation (5G) communication system (e.g., a new radio (NR) system), and future mobile communication systems, etc.

[0065] See Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a multi-beam mobile satellite communication system applicable to embodiments of this application. For example... Figure 1 In this scenario, the satellite provides communication services to terminal devices via multiple beams. The satellite in this case is a non-geostationary earth orbit (NGEO) satellite, connected to core network equipment. The satellite uses multiple beams to cover the service area, and different beams can communicate via one or more of time-division, frequency-division, and space-division multiplexing. The satellite provides communication and navigation services to terminal devices by broadcasting communication and navigation signals. The satellite base station mentioned in this embodiment can also be a satellite, or network-side equipment mounted on a satellite.

[0066] The coverage area of ​​a single beam corresponds to a ground region and can be called a beam position. In traditional schemes, a beam position can be a pre-planned beam coverage area on the ground. Its coverage area is usually consistent with the projected area of ​​the beam width on the ground. A certain overlap area is set between adjacent beam positions to avoid coverage blind spots. A large number of beam positions are arranged in an orderly manner to jointly constitute the overall ground coverage area of ​​the satellite. During the operation of the satellite, different beam positions will change according to the changes in its coverage area.

[0067] A beam is a directional radio frequency signal coverage area formed by a satellite phased array antenna. The core indicator of its coverage range is the 3dB bandwidth, which is the coverage boundary angle corresponding to the signal strength dropping to half of its peak value. This parameter directly determines the size of the beam's coverage on the ground. The beam's direction can be precisely defined by the azimuth and off-axis angles in the satellite's orbital coordinate system, specifically represented as a unit vector pointing from the satellite's center of mass to the location of the ground target.

[0068] In related technical solutions, the geographical range of the wave positions is planned in advance. When the satellite passes over the target airspace, it performs beam coverage tasks according to the preset wave position set. The core control strategy is to fix the direction of each beam to the latitude and longitude of the center point of the corresponding wave position. This fixed-pointing method is simple to operate and can achieve basic coverage of terminals within the wave position range. However, when the terminal is located in the edge area of ​​the wave position or the overlapping area of ​​adjacent wave positions, the spatial position deviation between the terminal and the center point of the wave position will cause the beam radiation power to the terminal to decrease by 3dB compared with the center point. This directly weakens the terminal's link budget and causes problems such as reduced communication speed and signal interruption.

[0069] To address the aforementioned issues, this application provides a satellite beam pointing update method. This method is applied to satellite base stations. By determining the aggregation location and assessing its impact on the coverage quality of each terminal, the beam pointing is updated based on the degree of impact. This achieves precise and adaptive adjustment of the beam pointing. While ensuring that a single beam covers as many terminals as possible, this method maintains stable coverage performance of each terminal link, thereby improving the overall service stability and operational efficiency of the satellite communication system.

[0070] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 A flowchart of a satellite beam pointing update method provided in this application embodiment is included, the method comprising the following steps:

[0071] Step S110: Obtain the location information of multiple terminals within the current coverage area of ​​the satellite beam.

[0072] When a satellite moves to a certain location during its operation, its corresponding ground coverage area is also determined (e.g., the satellite base station stores the correspondence between the satellite's location and the ground coverage area). The wave position within that ground coverage area is then determined. The wave position can be pre-divided and is generally a circular area.

[0073] Initially, for a newly emerging position, the satellite beam is pointed towards the center point of that position. Subsequently, the direction of the satellite beam is adjusted according to the location distribution of terminals within that position. Since the change in the direction of the satellite beam causes a change in the corresponding position, that is, a change in the coverage area of ​​the satellite beam, adjusting the direction of the satellite beam can facilitate better service to terminals within the beam's coverage area.

[0074] Upon initial access, the terminal reports its own location information. After accessing the satellite network, the terminal periodically reports its own location. When the satellite base station receives a location report from a terminal within the current coverage area of ​​a certain satellite beam, and the location has been updated, the satellite beam pointing update method of this scheme is triggered.

[0075] When implementing the satellite beam pointing update method, the satellite base station can first obtain its own geographical location information reported by all registered terminals within the current coverage area of ​​the satellite beam. Here, the current coverage area of ​​the satellite beam refers to the beam position formed by the current pointing of the satellite beam. The terminal's location information often includes longitude, latitude, and altitude (or geodetic height), forming three-dimensional coordinates. For example, the terminal may obtain and report its coordinates (e.g., 116.4 degrees east longitude, 39.9 degrees north latitude, 50 meters altitude) through its built-in GNSS module.

[0076] For example, suppose there are three terminals, namely terminal A, terminal B and terminal C, within the current coverage area of ​​a certain beam. At the current moment, the satellite base station receives the location information reported by terminal C. If the current location of terminal C changes, the satellite base station then obtains the latest location information of the three terminals.

[0077] Step S120: Determine the convergence position for optimizing beam pointing based on the location information.

[0078] Satellite base stations can determine an aggregation location for optimizing beam pointing based on the location information of multiple terminals. The satellite base station can transform the three-dimensional location information of multiple terminals into a unified Cartesian coordinate system (such as the Earth-centered Earth-fixed coordinate system, ECEF) for accurate geometric calculations. In this coordinate system, the location of each terminal corresponds to a coordinate vector. Subsequently, the arithmetic mean of these vectors can be calculated, and the geographical location corresponding to the average coordinate vector can be considered the aggregation location.

[0079] In some implementations, the aggregation location can be the geometric center of multiple terminals.

[0080] In this method, the aggregation location is defined as the center of the arithmetic mean of all terminal locations within the current coverage area, also known as the centroid or geometric center.

[0081] Suppose there are n terminals, and their position vectors in the ECEF coordinate system are P1=(x1,y1,z1), P2=(x2,y2,z2), ..., P2=(x2,y2,z2), ..., P2=(x1,y1,z1 ... n =(x n ,y n ,z n ).

[0082] The coordinates of the geometric center P0 (x0, y0, z0) are obtained by calculating the average of the coordinate components:

[0083] x0 = (x1 + x2 + ... + x n ) / n;

[0084] y0=(y1+y2+...+y) n ) / n;

[0085] z0=(z1+z2+ ... +z n ) / n.

[0086] like Figure 3 As shown, when there are only three terminals P1(0.5,0.866), P2(0.5,-0.866), and P3(-1,0), the geometric center point is at P. old The (0,0) position can cover 3 terminals. When the fourth terminal P4(-1,0) connects and reports latitude and longitude at the same position as P3, its geometric center point P new The value is (-0.25, 0), which means P1 / P2 cannot be covered. Therefore, the original beam direction remains P. old The coverage (since the measurement report from P4 can still be received, it means that the terminal is still within the coverage area, so the beam direction will not change due to its location change, thus affecting the coverage of other terminals), that is, to cover as many users as possible while optimizing the system coverage performance.

[0087] In some implementations, the aggregation location can be the cluster center location formed by clustering the locations of multiple terminals.

[0088] In this implementation, a clustering algorithm can be used to divide the terminals into one or more groups, and then the cluster center of the group with the most terminals is selected as the aggregation location.

[0089] For example, clustering algorithms such as K-means, density-based DBSCAN, or hierarchical clustering are run on the location information of all terminals within the current coverage area. The algorithm divides the terminals into k clusters (or groups) based on their spatial proximity. The system can then determine the target cluster that the current beam will primarily serve based on a strategy (such as selecting the cluster with the most terminals or prioritizing overall services).

[0090] For a selected target cluster, calculate the geometric center of all terminal positions within it. This center is the cluster center P_cluster. For the K-means algorithm, this center is the mean point of the cluster; for other algorithms, it can be obtained by calculating the mean of the points within the cluster.

[0091] Ultimately, P_cluster is used as the aggregation location for subsequent evaluation and decision-making. At this point, the goal of beam pointing optimization is to provide optimal coverage for this specific dense user group.

[0092] In some other implementations, the aggregation location can also be obtained by weighting factors such as terminal service priority, signal quality, or mobile speed. The core idea of ​​this approach is to quantify these factors into weight coefficients and perform a weighted average when calculating the geometric center, thereby shifting the aggregation location toward terminals with higher weights and achieving differentiated service optimization.

[0093] First, a comprehensive weighting factor w_i (w_i>0) is defined for each terminal i. This weighting factor is a linear or non-linear combination of the normalized scores of multiple influencing factors. Common factors and quantification methods include:

[0094] Service priority weight (p_i): Based on the service type (such as voice, video, data) or user level (such as ordinary, VIP) currently carried by the terminal, it is mapped to a fixed or dynamic priority coefficient. For example, VIP users p_i=2.0, and ordinary users p_i=1.0.

[0095] Signal quality weight (q_i): Calculated based on the current signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) or received power (RSRP) reported by the terminal or measured by satellite. Generally, terminals with poorer signal quality (lower SINR) should have a higher weight to encourage beamforming towards weaker signal areas and improve fairness. For example, q_i can be set to 1 / (SINR_i+ε), where ε is a small constant to prevent division by zero.

[0096] Movement speed weight (v_i): Estimates the instantaneous or average movement speed of the terminal based on historical changes in its location. For high-speed moving terminals (such as high-speed trains and aircraft), a higher weight can be assigned, causing the beam to shift slightly in advance in the direction of the movement trend, thereby reducing switching frequency and latency and improving connection stability. For example, v_i = k * speed_i, where k is a scaling factor.

[0097] Finally, the overall weight can be calculated by weighted summation: w_i=α* p_i+β*q_i+γ*v_i, where α, β, and γ are configurable harmonic coefficients used to adjust the relative importance of each factor.

[0098] After obtaining the weight w_i for each terminal, the geometric center calculation is changed to a weighted geometric center calculation. The position coordinates of all terminals ((x_i, y_i, z_i) in the ECEF coordinate system) are weighted by their respective weights w_i. For example, x_w=(Σw_i*x_i) / Σw_i, y_w=(Σw_i*y_i) / Σw_i, z_w=(Σw_i*z_i) / Σw_i.

[0099] The summation process iterates through all terminals covered by the current beam. The weighted aggregation position is no longer a simple average of all terminal positions, but rather shifts towards the group of terminals with higher weights.

[0100] Step S130: Based on the relative spatial relationship between the location of each terminal and the aggregation location, assess the impact of updating the satellite beam pointing to the aggregation location on the coverage quality of each terminal.

[0101] A change in beam pointing can potentially impact the signal quality received by each terminal. Therefore, the impact of a beam pointing change on the coverage quality of each terminal can be assessed based on the relative spatial relationship between the location of each terminal and the aggregation location. The relative spatial relationship can refer to the spatial deviation angle of each terminal relative to the aggregation location.

[0102] In satellite communications, the beam pattern of a beam antenna determines how much the signal strength decreases as the angle of deviation from the central axis increases. Therefore, a larger spatial deviation angle indicates a greater impact on terminal coverage quality, and vice versa.

[0103] Step S140: Based on the degree of impact, determine whether to update the current direction of the satellite beam to point to the convergence location.

[0104] Once the degree of impact is determined, it can be judged whether the beam pointing needs to be updated. If the degree of impact is large (e.g., greater than a set threshold), it is considered to have a significant impact on the terminal coverage quality, and it is not necessary to update the current pointing of the satellite beam; the current pointing can be maintained. If the degree of impact is small, the current pointing of the satellite beam will be updated to the pointing aggregation position.

[0105] In the above implementation process, by determining the aggregation location and assessing its impact on the coverage quality of each terminal, and then updating the beam pointing according to the degree of impact, the method achieves accurate and adaptive adjustment of the beam pointing. While ensuring that a single beam covers as many terminals as possible, this method maintains the stable coverage performance of each terminal link and improves the overall service stability and operational efficiency of the satellite communication system.

[0106] Based on the above embodiments, when obtaining the relative spatial relationship, the first theoretical vector pointing from the satellite base station to each terminal and the second theoretical vector pointing from the satellite base station to the aggregation position can be determined first, and then the first included angle between each first theoretical vector and the second theoretical vector can be obtained. The first included angle is used to characterize the relative spatial relationship.

[0107] First, define a satellite coordinate system on the satellite body (usually with its origin located at the satellite's center of mass, Z). orb The axis points to the Earth's center, X orb The axis points in the direction of flight, Y orb The axis forms a right-handed coordinate system with it, such as Figure 4 (As shown). The system will uniformly transform the latitude, longitude, and altitude coordinates of the terminal and aggregation locations to three-dimensional coordinates in this coordinate system.

[0108] The first and second theoretical vectors are unit vectors in the satellite's body coordinate system. In the orbital coordinate system X... orb Y orb Z orb The pointing vector U includes the azimuth angle and the off-axis angle. The azimuth angle is defined as the pointing vector U. orb In X orb Y orb From X on the plane orb The initial angle φ ∈ [0, 360)°, and the off-axis angle represents the direction of the vector U. orb Deviation from Z orb Angle θ∈[0,90). For example Figure 5 As shown.

[0109] Therefore, given the azimuth and off-axis angles, the pointing unit vector is calculated using the following formula:

[0110] X = cos(φ) * sin(θ);

[0111] Y = sin(φ) * sin(θ);

[0112] Z = cos(θ).

[0113] Subsequently, for each terminal i, based on its coordinates in the satellite body coordinate system, the first theoretical vector U pointing from the satellite origin to that terminal is calculated. orb1 This vector can be represented as (X orb1 ,Y orb1 Z orb1 However, to facilitate subsequent calculations of the included angle, it is usually normalized to a unit vector, denoted as U. orb1_i .

[0114] Similarly, calculate the second theoretical vector U from the satellite origin to the aggregation location (geometric center or cluster center). orb2 and normalize it to a unit vector U orb2 .

[0115] For each terminal i, calculate its first theoretical vector U. orb1_i With the second theoretical vector U orb2 The spatial angle between them, i.e., the first angle β_i. The formula for calculating this angle is based on the vector dot product:

[0116] U orb1_i ·U orb2 =|U orb1_i |*|U orb2 |*cos(β_i).

[0117] Since both are unit vectors with a magnitude of 1, the formula simplifies to cos(β_i) = acos(U_i). orb1_i ·U orb2 / (|U orb1_i ||U orb2 |))=acos(X orb1_i *X orb2 +Y orb1_i *Y orb2 +Z orb1_i *Z orb2 ).

[0118] The physical meaning of this first included angle β_i is: if the beam center axis is aligned with the convergence position (i.e., along U... orb2 If the direction of terminal i is determined by the beam center axis (β_i), then the direction of terminal i will deviate from the beam center axis by an angle β_i. The magnitude of β_i directly characterizes the degree of spatial deviation of the terminal relative to the new beam direction and is a core quantitative indicator for assessing the impact on coverage quality.

[0119] In the above implementation process, by determining the first theoretical vector pointing from the satellite base station to each terminal and the second theoretical vector pointing to the aggregation position, and calculating the first angle between the two to characterize the relative spatial relationship, the spatial offset of each terminal relative to the aggregation position can be accurately described in a quantitative way, providing an objective and accurate basis for judging the degree of impact on coverage quality.

[0120] Based on the above embodiments, when assessing the impact on the coverage quality of each terminal according to the relative spatial relationship, each first included angle can be compared with a first preset angle threshold, and the impact on the coverage quality of each terminal when updating the satellite beam pointing to the aggregation position can be determined according to the comparison result.

[0121] The first preset angle threshold can be preset. In some implementations, the first preset angle threshold is related to the beamwidth of the satellite beam, for example, the first preset angle threshold is half of the beamwidth of the satellite beam.

[0122] Beam width is a key indicator describing the width of the main lobe of a satellite antenna's radiation pattern. It is typically defined as the angular interval between the points where the radiated power drops to half (i.e., -3 dB) on either side of the direction of maximum radiation; hence, it is often referred to as the 3 dB beamwidth, denoted as α. This parameter is determined by the physical design and operating frequency of the satellite antenna and is an inherent property of the satellite platform. In system implementation, the beamwidth α can be pre-stored as a known configuration parameter in the database of the satellite or ground control center for use during calculations.

[0123] In this embodiment, the first preset angle threshold θ_th is set to a fixed proportional value related to the beamwidth α. Specifically, θ_th = α. w. The value of w can be chosen according to the actual situation. For example, w can be 1 / 2, that is, the threshold is half of the beamwidth. The physical basis of this setting lies in the symmetry of the antenna pattern: with the beam pointing to the central axis as the reference, when it is shifted to any side by an angle of α / 2, the signal power drops by exactly 3dB. Therefore, α / 2 essentially defines the boundary of the high-quality coverage area of ​​the beam (i.e., the 3dB beamwidth region), within which the terminal can obtain a signal reception quality better than -3dB.

[0124] When the satellite system starts up or configures its beam, it reads the 3dB beamwidth α value of the current beam from the parameter library. It then calculates the first preset angle threshold according to the rule θ_th = α / 2. For example, if the beamwidth α = 20°, then θ_th = 10°.

[0125] For each terminal i, a simple comparison operation is performed, comparing the first included angle β_i of each terminal with the first preset angle threshold θ_th one by one, and determining the degree of influence based on the comparison result. If the first included angle is greater than the first preset angle threshold, the degree of influence is considered large, and the current pointing of the satellite beam is not updated in this case. If the first included angle is less than or equal to the first preset angle threshold, the degree of influence is considered small, and the current pointing of the satellite beam can be updated.

[0126] Alternatively, the process can be formally described as calculating a difference (Δ_i) to quantify the degree of impact. This difference is calculated between the first included angle β_i and the first preset angle threshold θ_th. The formula is: Δ_i = β_i - θ_th. This difference Δ_i is directly determined as the degree of impact on the terminal's coverage quality when the satellite beam pointing is updated to the aggregation position.

[0127] In subsequent decisions on whether to update the current pointing of the satellite beam, some implementations may use the difference Δ_i. For example, if the difference Δ_i is larger (e.g., Δ_i is greater than a set difference), it indicates a greater degree of influence. In this case, it is not necessary to update the current pointing of the satellite beam, and the current pointing can be maintained. If the difference Δ_i is less than or equal to the set difference, it is considered that the degree of influence is small, and the current pointing of the satellite beam is updated to the pointing convergence position.

[0128] By comparing the first angle representing the relative spatial relationship between the terminal and the aggregation position with a first preset angle threshold, the impact of beam pointing to the aggregation position on the coverage quality of each terminal can be quantitatively and accurately determined, providing an objective and clear basis for beam pointing update decisions.

[0129] When determining whether to update the beam pointing based on the degree of influence, if the degree of influence is less than the set degree of influence, the current pointing of the satellite beam can be updated to point to the aggregation position; if any degree of influence is greater than or equal to the set degree of influence, the current pointing of the satellite beam is maintained.

[0130] The degree of influence in this method can be characterized by the difference between the first included angle and the first preset angle threshold. The degree of influence can be flexibly set according to the actual situation, such as 0 or other values. If all the degree of influence is less than the set degree of influence, it means that all terminals can be located in the high-quality coverage area on the new direction. At this time, beam pointing update is performed. If any degree of influence is greater than or equal to the set degree of influence, the pointing is not updated to prevent a serious decline in coverage quality.

[0131] Of course, in some implementations, it is also permissible to have a degree of influence greater than the set degree of influence (e.g., the first included angle is greater than the first preset angle threshold), but the degree of influence of the remaining set proportions (e.g., 90%) is less than or equal to the set degree of influence (the first included angle of the set proportion is less than or equal to the first preset angle threshold). In this case, beam pointing is updated; otherwise, the pointing is not updated.

[0132] In some implementations, the impact level can be defined with multiple levels, such as strict (δ_strict), standard (δ_standard, typically 0), and relaxed (δ_relaxed). Each level corresponds to a maximum allowed impact value, and δ_strict < δ_standard < δ_relaxed. During the evaluation phase, the system calculates the impact level Δ_i for each terminal (e.g., Δ_i = β_i - θ_th). When making a decision, the system selects the corresponding threshold based on the current grading policy. For example, when ensuring high-priority services or network idleness, a strict threshold is used: the pointer is only updated when all Δ_i < δ_strict (e.g., -3°), ensuring sufficient safety margin for each terminal. When network load is moderate, a standard threshold is used: updates are performed when all Δ_i ≤ δ_standard (i.e., 0), which is the baseline policy. When network congestion occurs or the number of users requiring maximum access needs to be maximized, a lenient threshold is adopted: allowing some terminals to have a Δ_i slightly greater than 0 but still less than δ_relaxed (e.g., +2°), meaning that a slight decrease in coverage quality is allowed for a few terminals in exchange for better overall coverage or user capacity. Furthermore, the tiered strategy can be linked to terminal attributes (e.g., VIP users, real-time service terminals) to set different effective thresholds for different terminals. Through this tiered mechanism, the system can dynamically balance coverage quality and coverage range in different scenarios, achieving more flexible and intelligent beam resource management.

[0133] To ensure coverage quality for all terminals, this solution uses all differences (i.e., the degree of impact) as the criterion.

[0134] For example, assuming that the 3dB bandwidth α of a satellite beam is 20°, then its half-power angle, i.e. the first preset angle threshold θ_th, is α / 2 = 10°.

[0135] There are three terminals, and their first included angles with the aggregation position are calculated as follows:

[0136] Terminal A: β_A = 6°;

[0137] Terminal B: β_B = 10°;

[0138] Terminal C: β_C = 15°;

[0139] Calculate the difference between the first included angle and the first preset angle threshold, and set the influence level to 0:

[0140] For terminal A: Δ_A = β_A - θ_th = -4°, Δ_A < 0, indicating that if the pointing is updated, terminal A will be in a high-quality coverage area (only 6° off the center) and has a 4° "safety margin" relative to the boundary, and the coverage quality is expected to be good.

[0141] For terminal B: Δ_B = β_B - θ_th = 0. Δ_B = 0 indicates that terminal B will be located at the theoretical boundary of the high-quality coverage area, and the signal power may be at the critical point of a 3dB drop.

[0142] For terminal C: Δ_C = β_C - θ_th = +5°. Δ_C > 0 indicates that if the pointing is updated, terminal C will be significantly outside the high-quality coverage area (5° beyond the boundary), and its signal coverage quality is expected to decrease significantly (attenuation much greater than 3dB).

[0143] If the difference value corresponding to terminal C is greater than 0 after the above judgment, the beam update condition is not met, and the current direction of the satellite beam is maintained.

[0144] In the above implementation process, this method provides a clear and quantifiable decision basis for beam pointing adjustment, which can accurately ensure that the coverage performance of all terminals after the beam pointing convergence position is not lower than the preset standard; while taking into account the number of terminals covered by a single beam and the coverage quality, it improves the service stability and operating efficiency of the satellite communication system.

[0145] Based on the above embodiments, after determining whether to update the direction of the satellite beam, if it is determined that the current direction of the satellite beam should be maintained, for a target terminal among multiple terminals that has a location update, the third theoretical vector of the satellite base station pointing to the target terminal is obtained, and then the second angle between the third theoretical vector and the current direction of the satellite beam is calculated. Based on the comparison result between the second angle and the second preset angle threshold, it is determined whether to trigger the inter-beam switching of the target terminal, wherein the second preset angle threshold is the beamwidth of the satellite beam.

[0146] If, within the current coverage area of ​​a satellite beam, a satellite base station receives location information reported by a terminal, this terminal could be a newly entered terminal or a terminal already within the coverage area. If it's a newly entered terminal, it indicates a location update. If it's a previously existing terminal, its location needs to be compared to determine if a location update exists. If a location update exists, that terminal is designated as the target terminal. Understandably, there can be multiple target terminals with location updates, and for each target terminal, this method can be used to determine whether beam switching is necessary.

[0147] Based on the terminal's latest location information, the third theoretical vector pointing from the satellite to it is calculated. Similar to the calculation of the first theoretical vector, this vector is usually calculated and normalized to a unit vector in the satellite's body coordinate system. Of course, if the first theoretical vector has already been calculated, there is no need to calculate the third theoretical vector again; the first theoretical vector can be directly used as the third theoretical vector. For example, if terminal A in the above example reports its location information and its location is found to have been updated, then terminal A is taken as the target terminal. When calculating the first included angle, the first theoretical vector corresponding to terminal A has already been calculated, so here the first theoretical vector corresponding to terminal A can be directly obtained as the third theoretical vector of the target terminal; that is, the first theoretical vector corresponding to terminal A is equal to the third theoretical vector.

[0148] The satellite base station then acquires the unit vector corresponding to the current direction of the satellite beam, using a similar principle. Next, it calculates the second angle γ between the third theoretical vector and the currently pointing unit vector. This angle can also be obtained using the same method as the first angle, and will not be repeated here. The second angle represents the deviation angle of the target terminal relative to the current direction of the satellite beam.

[0149] The second preset angle threshold is denoted as Φ_th. This threshold can be set as the beamwidth of the satellite beam, i.e., the commonly referred to 3dB beamwidth α (e.g., α = 20°). Therefore, Φ_th = α. Its physical meaning is that this angle defines the boundary of the maximum theoretical spatial range within which the current beam can provide effective communication services (usually referring to signal power attenuation not exceeding 3dB).

[0150] Then compare the magnitude between the second included angle γ and the second preset angle threshold Φ_th, which can also be quantified by calculating the difference δ: δ=γ - Φ_th.

[0151] When making beam switching decisions, if δ≤0 (i.e., γ≤Φ_th) or δ is less than a set difference. This indicates that the target terminal is still within the effective coverage area (beamwidth) of the current beam. Although it may be in an edge area, it has not exceeded the service limit, so no handover is triggered, and the terminal continues to be served by the current beam.

[0152] If δ>0 (i.e. γ>Φ_th) or δ is greater than a set difference (and (Can be the same or different): This indicates that the target terminal has exceeded the effective coverage range of the current beam. Its signal quality is expected to have deteriorated significantly, and continuing to remain in the current beam will not guarantee reliable communication. Therefore, the system immediately triggers an inter-beam switching procedure for the target terminal.

[0153] After the handover is triggered, the satellite or ground control unit will, based on the network status, find and allocate a new satellite beam (which may be another beam from the same satellite or a beam from another satellite) that allows the target terminal to fall within its effective coverage area, and coordinate the upstream migration and link reconstruction of the terminal. The current beam direction and its service to other terminals remain unchanged during this process.

[0154] In the above implementation process, while maintaining the current direction of the satellite beam, an additional beam switching determination process is added for the target terminal whose position is updated. By calculating the second angle between the third theoretical vector corresponding to the target terminal and the current beam direction, and using the beam width as the second preset angle threshold, it is determined whether to switch. This not only avoids affecting the stable coverage of other terminals due to beam direction adjustment, but also accurately identifies target terminals that are outside the effective coverage range of the current beam.

[0155] Based on the above embodiments, if a terminal triggers a new location information report due to new access, the satellite base station can first determine whether to trigger the beam pointing update procedure. For example, if the satellite base station receives location information reported by a terminal within the current coverage area of ​​the satellite beam, and if the terminal is a newly entered terminal within the coverage area of ​​the beam, the following method can be used to determine whether to trigger the beam pointing update procedure: For the initial terminal among multiple terminals that initially accessed the network, obtain the fourth theoretical vector pointing from the satellite base station to the initial terminal, then calculate the third angle between the fourth theoretical vector and the current pointing of the satellite beam, and determine whether to trigger the beam pointing update procedure based on the comparison result between the third angle and a third preset angle threshold.

[0156] Based on the initial terminal's location information, the fourth theoretical vector pointing from the satellite to it is calculated. Similar to the calculation of the first theoretical vector, this vector is typically calculated and normalized to a unit vector in the satellite's body coordinate system. Of course, if the first theoretical vector has already been calculated, there's no need to calculate the fourth theoretical vector again; it can be directly used as the fourth theoretical vector. For example, if terminal C in the above example reports its location information and is found to be a newly connected terminal, then terminal C is taken as the initial terminal. When calculating the first included angle, the first theoretical vector corresponding to terminal C has already been calculated, so here we can directly obtain the first theoretical vector corresponding to terminal C as the fourth theoretical vector of the initial terminal; that is, the first theoretical vector corresponding to terminal C is equal to the fourth theoretical vector.

[0157] The satellite base station then acquires the unit vector corresponding to the current pointing direction of the satellite beam, using a similar principle. Next, it calculates the third angle λ between the fourth theoretical vector and the currently pointing unit vector. This angle can also be obtained using the same method as the first angle, and will not be repeated here. The third angle represents the initial deviation angle of the terminal relative to the current pointing direction of the satellite beam.

[0158] The third preset angle threshold, denoted as Ψ_th, is set using a strategy consistent with the safety boundary concept in the main update process. It can be set to the half-power angle of the current beam, which is half (α / 2) of the 3dB beamwidth (α). Therefore, Ψ_th = α / 2. This threshold means that if the angle between the terminal and the beam center is less than this value, the terminal can be considered to be located within a high-quality coverage area, and the current beam has the potential to provide good service to it.

[0159] Then, the magnitude between the third included angle λ and the third preset angle threshold Ψ_th is compared, which can also be quantified by calculating the difference ε: ε=λ-Ψ_th.

[0160] In some implementations, if the difference ε is larger (e.g., the difference ε is greater than a set difference), This indicates that the greater the deviation between the initial terminal and the current direction of the satellite beam, the more it means that the initial terminal is outside the high-quality coverage area of ​​the satellite. In this case, the beam pointing update process does not need to be triggered, and the current pointing can be maintained. If the difference ε is less than or equal to the set difference value... If the initial terminal is located within the high-quality coverage area of ​​the satellite beam, then the beam pointing update process is triggered.

[0161] In some other implementations, if the comparison result is that the third included angle λ is greater than or equal to the third preset angle threshold Ψ_th, then the beam pointing update process is triggered; if the comparison result is that the third included angle λ is less than the third preset angle threshold Ψ_th, then the current pointing of the satellite beam is maintained.

[0162] If ε < 0 (i.e., λ < Ψ_th): This indicates that the initial terminal is located within the high-quality coverage potential area of ​​the current beam. The system determines that it can attempt to connect it to the current beam. This decision will trigger a complete beam pointing update process: that is, the new terminal is officially added to the service terminal list of the current beam, and then the system jumps to step S120 (calculating the aggregation position based on the positions of all terminals, including the new terminal), and continues to perform subsequent evaluation (step S130) and decision (step S140) to determine whether the beam pointing should be optimized and adjusted to serve this group of terminals (including the new member). When the third included angle is less than or equal to the threshold, the current beam pointing is directly maintained to avoid frequent activation of subsequent operations such as aggregation position calculation due to the initial terminal access, reduce the consumption of on-board computing resources, and at the same time, it will not interfere with the stable coverage of the original terminals.

[0163] If ε≥0 (i.e., λ≥Ψ_th): This indicates that the initial terminal is too far from the center axis of the current beam, exceeding its potential high-quality coverage area. The system determines that the current beam is not the best choice to serve this terminal. In this case, instead of triggering the pointing update procedure for the current beam, the system searches for more suitable service resources for this new terminal. For example, it directly triggers the inter-beam switching or access control procedure for the initial terminal, attempting to guide it to access the network under another satellite beam with better coverage (its direction is closer to the center of the current beam). When the third included angle is greater than the threshold, the beam pointing update procedure is triggered in a timely manner, ensuring effective coverage for the initial terminal and balancing the access needs of the new terminal with the overall beam coverage benefits.

[0164] In the above implementation process, after the initial terminal connects and reports its location information, the third angle between the fourth theoretical vector pointing from the satellite base station to the initial terminal and the current beam pointing is calculated. Then, the third preset angle threshold is used to determine whether to trigger the beam pointing update process. This effectively filters out scenarios where beam adjustment is not required, avoids frequent initiation of subsequent operations such as aggregation location calculation due to the initial terminal's access, and reduces the consumption of onboard computing resources. At the same time, this pre-judgment step ensures that the update is only triggered when the initial terminal's access may affect the current beam coverage performance. This not only ensures the rapid access and effective coverage of the initial terminal, but also avoids interference with the stable communication of existing terminals within the beam, thus improving the service reliability of the satellite communication system.

[0165] The following is a specific example illustrating the implementation process of beam pointing update in this scheme. The implementation process is combined with... Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, take beam X as an example.

[0166] At time T0, the first terminal P1 within the coverage area of ​​beam X accesses the network. Terminal P1 reports its location information to the satellite base station. At this time, the satellite base station determines that there is only one terminal within the coverage area, so its beam X points directly to the location of terminal P1. old =P1;

[0167] At time T1, the second terminal P2 accesses the network within the coverage area of ​​beam X. At this time, we can first determine the vector pointing from the satellite base station to P2 and P... old If the angle between the vectors is less than half the 3dB wavelength, then obtain the convergence position P of P1 and P2. new If (P1, P2) is not true, then maintain P. old =P1 (i.e., continue pointing to P1).

[0168] By calculating the first included angle mentioned above, it is determined whether the pointing should be updated. If an update is needed, then P... old =P new (P1, P2). After judgment, the direction of beam X is updated to P. new (P1, P2).

[0169] At time T2, a third terminal P3 accesses the network within the coverage area of ​​beam X. First, determine the vector pointing from the satellite base station to P3 and P... old (P) new If the angle between the vectors (P1, P2) is less than half the 3dB wavelength, then obtain the convergence position P of P1, P2, and P3. new If (P1, P2, P3) is not true, then maintain P. old =P new (P1, P2).

[0170] By calculating the first included angle mentioned above, it is determined whether the pointing should be updated. If an update is needed, then P... old =P new (P1, P2, P3). After judgment, the direction of beam X is updated to P. new (P1, P2, P3).

[0171] At time T3 (terminal P2 refresh position, after judgment, the beam direction remains unchanged or P), old Terminal P2 within the coverage area of ​​beam X reports new location information, and the aggregated location P of P1, P2, and P3 is obtained. new (P1, P2', P3). The beam pointing is determined by calculating the first included angle. If the beam pointing is not updated, the beam X pointing direction is maintained at P. old =P new (P1, P2, P3).

[0172] And by calculating the second included angle mentioned above, it is determined whether beam switching is required. In this case, it is determined that beam switching is not required.

[0173] At time T4 (terminal P2 refreshes its position again, and after judgment, the beam direction remains unchanged or P). old Terminal P2 reports its location information again, obtaining the aggregated location P of P1, P2, and P3. new (P1, P2'', P3). By calculating the first included angle mentioned above, it is determined whether the beam direction should be updated. After the determination, the beam direction is not updated, and the beam direction P of X is maintained. old =P new (P1, P2, P3).

[0174] And by calculating the second included angle mentioned above, it is determined whether beam switching is required. If beam switching is required, P2 is then moved out of the service range of beam X.

[0175] At time T5 (after P2 is switched or released, the geometric center point of all terminals will not be refreshed immediately), there are terminals P1 and P3 within the coverage area of ​​beam X. At this time, the aggregation position will not be refreshed immediately, nor will the beam pointing be updated. Instead, we will continue to wait for the terminals to report their location information.

[0176] At time T6 (when the geometric center points of all terminals are refreshed and their orientations are adjusted only when another terminal reports latitude and longitude), terminal P1 reports new location information, and the aggregated location P of P1 and P3 is obtained. new (P1', P3), by calculating the first included angle mentioned above, it is determined whether the direction needs to be updated. If an update is needed, the direction P of beam X is updated. old =P new (P1',P3).

[0177] Please refer to the above method embodiments. Figure 8 , Figure 8 This is a structural block diagram of a satellite beam pointing update device 200 provided in an embodiment of this application. The device 200 may be a module, program segment, or code on an electronic device. It should be understood that the device 200 corresponds to the above method embodiment and is capable of performing the various steps involved in the method embodiment. The specific functions of the device 200 can be found in the description above. To avoid repetition, detailed descriptions are appropriately omitted here.

[0178] Optionally, the device 200 includes:

[0179] The initial position acquisition module 210 is used to acquire the position information of multiple terminals within the current coverage area of ​​the satellite beam;

[0180] The aggregation position determination module 220 is used to determine the aggregation position for optimizing beam pointing based on the position information.

[0181] The impact assessment module 230 is used to assess the impact of updating the satellite beam pointing to the aggregation location on the coverage quality of each terminal based on the relative spatial relationship between the location of each terminal and the aggregation location.

[0182] The pointing update judgment module 240 is used to determine whether to update the current pointing of the satellite beam to point to the aggregation position based on the degree of influence.

[0183] Optionally, the influence assessment module 230 is used to determine a first theoretical vector pointing from the satellite base station to each terminal and a second theoretical vector pointing from the satellite base station to the aggregation location; and to obtain a plurality of first angles between each first theoretical vector and the second theoretical vector, wherein the plurality of first angles are used to characterize the relative spatial relationship.

[0184] Optionally, the impact assessment module 230 is used to compare each first included angle with a first preset angle threshold, and determine the impact of updating the satellite beam pointing to the aggregation position on the coverage quality of each terminal based on the comparison result.

[0185] Optionally, the pointing update judgment module 240 is used to update the current pointing of the satellite beam to point to the aggregation position if all of the influence degrees are less than the set influence degree; and to maintain the current pointing of the satellite beam if any of the influence degrees is greater than or equal to the set influence degree.

[0186] Optionally, the first preset angle threshold is related to the beamwidth of the satellite beam, and / or the first preset angle threshold is half the beamwidth of the satellite beam.

[0187] Optionally, if it is determined that the current pointing of the satellite beam should be maintained, the device 200 further includes:

[0188] The beam switching module is used to obtain a third theoretical vector pointing from the satellite base station to the target terminal among the plurality of terminals where a location update exists; calculate a second angle between the third theoretical vector and the current direction of the satellite beam; and determine whether to trigger beam switching of the target terminal based on a comparison between the second angle and a second preset angle threshold, wherein the second preset angle threshold is the beamwidth of the satellite beam.

[0189] Optionally, the initial location acquisition module 210 is used to acquire the location information of the multiple terminals in response to the location information reported by the initial terminal that newly accesses the network among the multiple terminals within the current coverage area of ​​the satellite beam;

[0190] The device 200 further includes:

[0191] The pointing update triggering module is used to obtain the fourth theoretical vector pointing from the satellite base station to the initial terminal; calculate the third angle between the fourth theoretical vector and the current pointing of the satellite beam; and determine whether to trigger the beam pointing update process based on the comparison result between the third angle and the third preset angle threshold.

[0192] Optionally, the third preset angle threshold is half the beamwidth of the satellite beam, and the pointing update triggering module is used to trigger the beam pointing update process if the comparison result is that the third included angle is greater than or equal to the third preset angle threshold; if the comparison result is that the third included angle is less than the third preset angle threshold, the current pointing of the satellite beam is maintained.

[0193] Optionally, the aggregation position is the geometric center of the plurality of terminals, or the aggregation position is the cluster center formed by clustering the positions of the plurality of terminals.

[0194] It should be noted that those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working process of the device described above can be referred to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0195] Please refer to Figure 9 , Figure 9 This application provides a schematic diagram of an electronic device for performing a satellite beam pointing update method. The electronic device may include: at least one processor 310, such as a CPU; at least one communication interface 320; at least one memory 330; and at least one communication bus 340. The communication bus 340 is used to establish communication between these components. In this embodiment, the communication interface 320 is used for signaling or data communication with other node devices. The memory 330 may be a high-speed RAM or non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device. Optionally, the memory 330 may also be at least one storage device located remotely from the processor. The memory 330 stores computer-readable instructions, which, when executed by the processor 310, cause the electronic device to perform the aforementioned method process.

[0196] Understandable. Figure 9The structure shown is for illustrative purposes only; the electronic device may also include components that are more advanced than those shown. Figure 9 The more or fewer components shown, or having the same Figure 9 The different configurations shown. Figure 9 The components shown can be implemented using hardware, software, or a combination thereof.

[0197] This application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it performs the method process executed by the electronic device in the above method embodiments.

[0198] This embodiment discloses a computer program product, which includes a computer program stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. The computer program includes program instructions, and when the program instructions are executed by a computer, the computer can perform the methods provided in the above-described method embodiments, such as including:

[0199] Obtain the location information of multiple terminals within the current coverage area of ​​the satellite beam;

[0200] Based on the location information, determine the convergence position for optimizing beam pointing;

[0201] Based on the relative spatial relationship between the location of each terminal and the aggregation location, assess the impact of updating the satellite beam pointing to the aggregation location on the coverage quality of each terminal;

[0202] Based on the degree of impact, determine whether to update the current direction of the satellite beam to point to the aggregation location.

[0203] In summary, the embodiments of this application provide a satellite beam pointing update method, electronic device, storage medium, and program product. By determining the aggregation location and assessing its impact on the coverage quality of each terminal, the beam pointing is updated according to the degree of impact. This achieves accurate and adaptive adjustment of the beam pointing. While ensuring that a single beam covers as many terminals as possible, this method maintains the stable coverage performance of each terminal link and improves the overall service stability and operating efficiency of the satellite communication system.

[0204] In the embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and methods can be implemented in other ways. The apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. Furthermore, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Additionally, the displayed or discussed mutual couplings, direct couplings, or communication connections may be through some communication interfaces; indirect couplings or communication connections between devices or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0205] Furthermore, the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0206] Furthermore, the functional modules in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated together to form an independent part, or each module can exist independently, or two or more modules can be integrated to form an independent part.

[0207] In this document, relational terms such as first and second are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, without necessarily requiring or implying any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations.

[0208] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A satellite beam pointing update method, characterized in that, Applied to satellite base stations, the method includes: Obtain the location information of multiple terminals within the current coverage area of ​​the satellite beam; Based on the location information, determine the convergence position for optimizing beam pointing; Based on the relative spatial relationship between the location of each terminal and the aggregation location, assess the impact of updating the satellite beam pointing to the aggregation location on the coverage quality of each terminal; Based on the degree of impact, determine whether to update the current direction of the satellite beam to point to the aggregation location; The relative spatial relationship is obtained in the following way: Determine a first theoretical vector pointing from the satellite base station to each terminal and a second theoretical vector pointing from the satellite base station to the aggregation location; Obtain multiple first angles between each first theoretical vector and the second theoretical vector, the multiple first angles being used to characterize the relative spatial relationship; The step of evaluating the impact of updating the satellite beam pointing to the aggregation location on the coverage quality of each terminal based on the relative spatial relationship between the location of each terminal and the aggregation location includes: Each first included angle is compared with a first preset angle threshold, and the impact of updating the satellite beam pointing to the aggregation position on the coverage quality of each terminal is determined based on the comparison results.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining whether to update the current direction of the satellite beam to point to the aggregation location based on the degree of influence includes: If the degree of influence is less than the set degree of influence, then the current direction of the satellite beam will be updated to point to the aggregation position; If any of the stated impact levels is greater than or equal to the set impact level, then the current direction of the satellite beam is maintained.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first preset angle threshold is related to the beamwidth of the satellite beam, and / or the first preset angle threshold is half of the beamwidth of the satellite beam.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, If it is determined that the current pointing of the satellite beam should be maintained, the method further includes: For a target terminal among the plurality of terminals that has a location update, obtain the third theoretical vector pointing from the satellite base station to the target terminal; Calculate the second angle between the third theoretical vector and the current direction of the satellite beam; Based on the comparison result between the second included angle and the second preset angle threshold, it is determined whether to trigger the inter-beam switching of the target terminal, wherein the second preset angle threshold is the beamwidth of the satellite beam.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The acquisition of location information of multiple terminals within the current coverage area of ​​the satellite beam includes: In response to the location information reported by the initial terminal newly accessing the network among multiple terminals within the current coverage area of ​​the satellite beam, the location information of the multiple terminals is obtained; After acquiring the location information of multiple terminals within the current coverage area of ​​the satellite beam, and before determining the aggregation position for optimizing beam pointing based on the location information, the method further includes: Obtain the fourth theoretical vector pointing from the satellite base station to the initial terminal; Calculate the third angle between the fourth theoretical vector and the current direction of the satellite beam; Based on the comparison result between the third included angle and the third preset angle threshold, it is determined whether to trigger the beam pointing update process.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The third preset angle threshold is half the beamwidth of the satellite beam. The process of determining whether to update the beam pointing based on the comparison between the third included angle and the third preset angle threshold includes: If the comparison result is that the third included angle is greater than or equal to the third preset angle threshold, then the beam pointing update process is triggered. If the comparison result is that the third included angle is less than the third preset angle threshold, then the current pointing of the satellite beam is maintained.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The aggregation position is the geometric center of the plurality of terminals, or the aggregation position is the cluster center formed by clustering the positions of the plurality of terminals.

8. An electronic device, characterized in that, It includes a processor and a memory, the memory storing computer-readable instructions that, when executed by the processor, perform the method as described in any one of claims 1-7.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it performs the method as described in any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer program product, characterized in that, It includes computer program instructions, which, when read and executed by a processor, perform the method as described in any one of claims 1-7.

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