Anti-leakage negative pressure device for peritoneal drainage tube

Abstract

The invention discloses a peritoneal drainage tube anti-leakage negative pressure device, and belongs to the technical field of medical instruments.The peritoneal drainage tube anti-leakage negative pressure device comprises a main machine cabinet, a drainage bag is installed in the main machine cabinet, and a negative pressure adjusting mechanism for providing a negative pressure source for the drainage bag is arranged in the main machine cabinet; a connecting pipe is inserted into the top of the negative pressure adjusting mechanism, a flow dividing mechanism for dividing and filtering a drainage bag is arranged at the position, close to the top, in the main cabinet, a drainage catheter is inserted into the top of the flow dividing mechanism, and an insertion drainage mechanism used for being inserted into the abdominal cavity of a patient for drainage is arranged at the other end of the drainage catheter. By designing the negative pressure adjusting mechanism, accurate stretching and compression of the organ type air bag are achieved, the negative pressure value can be finely adjusted according to the actual requirements of peritoneal drainage, and the problems that due to too large negative pressure, peritoneal tissue is damaged or due to too small negative pressure, drainage is unsmooth and seepage liquid remains are effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of medical device technology, specifically relating to a negative pressure device for preventing leakage around an abdominal drainage tube. Background Technology

[0002] Abdominal drainage is a basic procedure commonly used in surgical clinical diagnosis and treatment. It is mainly used to drain postoperative exudate, blood, pus and other fluids from the abdominal cavity, reduce the risk of infection and promote tissue healing. It is widely used in abdominal surgery, abdominal infection, trauma and other scenarios. With the development of medical technology, abdominal drainage devices have been continuously improved. However, in long-term clinical application, there are still many technical pain points that need to be solved, which directly affect the drainage effect and patient prognosis.

[0003] Traditional abdominal drainage devices rely on simple pumps or manual squeezing of the drainage bag. These pumps typically have a fixed power output, providing only a single or limited level of negative pressure. They cannot dynamically adjust based on individual differences such as the amount of intra-abdominal fluid, the stage of wound healing, and tissue sensitivity. Manual squeezing of the drainage bag is even more random and unstable. Medical staff need to repeatedly squeeze the elastic cavity of the drainage bag to generate negative pressure, but the negative pressure value depends entirely on personal experience. Furthermore, manual operation cannot achieve continuous and precise control 24 hours a day. Fluctuations in negative pressure can directly lead to drainage interruption, increasing the risk of abdominal infection and abscess formation, and may even delay postoperative recovery and prolong the patient's hospital stay. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a negative pressure device for preventing leakage around an abdominal drainage tube.

[0005] The technical solution adopted to solve the above technical problems is: a negative pressure device for preventing leakage around an abdominal drainage tube, including a main cabinet, a control display screen and an observation window are respectively installed at the front end of the main cabinet, a drainage bag is installed inside the main cabinet, and a storage compartment is set at the bottom of the main cabinet, and multiple drainage bags are loaded inside the storage compartment. The main unit cabinet is equipped with a negative pressure regulating mechanism that provides a negative pressure source for the drainage bag. A connecting pipe is inserted into the top of the negative pressure regulating mechanism. Near the top of the main unit cabinet, there is a diversion mechanism for diverting and filtering the drainage bag. A drainage conduit is inserted into the top of the diversion mechanism. The other end of the drainage catheter is equipped with an insertion drainage mechanism for insertion into the patient's abdominal cavity for drainage.

[0006] Furthermore, the negative pressure regulating mechanism includes a dustproof box installed inside the main unit cabinet. A drive motor is installed near the bottom of the dustproof box, and a reducer assembly is located on top of the drive motor. A drive gear is fixedly connected to the output end of the reducer assembly. Multiple driven gears meshing with the drive gear are rotatably connected inside the dustproof box near the drive gear. Mounting seats corresponding to the driven gears are installed inside the dustproof box near the driven gears. Two of the mounting seats are rotatably connected to a left-hand lead screw on their tops, and the other two mounting seats are rotatably connected to a right-hand lead screw on their tops. Matching seats corresponding to the left-hand and right-hand lead screws are installed inside the dustproof box. The outer walls of the two left-handed lead screws and the two right-handed lead screws are slidably connected to sliders. A mounting plate is fixedly connected between multiple sliders. A fixed base is fixedly connected inside the dustproof box. An accordion-style airbag is mounted on the top of the fixed base. Multiple annular guides are distributed on the outer wall of the accordion-style airbag. The top of the accordion-style airbag is connected to the mounting plate. A negative pressure output interface and an exhaust port are respectively installed on the top of the accordion-style airbag. A one-way exhaust valve is installed on the outer wall of the exhaust port. Multiple guide rods are fixedly connected to the top of the fixed base. A connecting air pipe is fixedly connected to the top of the negative pressure output interface. A pressure buffer chamber is fixedly connected to the other end of the connecting air pipe.

[0007] With the above technical solution, when negative pressure needs to be adjusted, the drive motor installed at the bottom of the dustproof box starts. Its power is reduced by the reducer assembly at the top and then transmitted to the drive gear, causing the drive gear to rotate. Since the drive gear meshes with multiple driven gears, the driven gears rotate synchronously, driving the left-hand and right-hand lead screws on the corresponding mounting bases to rotate respectively. The left-hand and right-hand lead screws have opposite thread directions, and their top ends rotate with the mating seats to ensure stability. At this time, the sliders on the outer walls of the left-hand and right-hand lead screws rise and fall synchronously under the action of the threads, thereby driving multiple sliders to rotate. The mounting plate moves up and down along the guide rod. When the mounting plate moves upward, it stretches the accordion-style airbag at the top of the fixed base. The annular guide on the outer wall of the accordion-style airbag ensures stable axial deformation during its expansion and contraction, creating negative pressure inside. The negative pressure is transmitted through the negative pressure output port at the top to the pressure buffer chamber for buffering before being output. When the mounting plate moves downward, the accordion-style airbag is compressed, and the internal gas is discharged through the exhaust port and the one-way exhaust valve on the outer wall. By controlling the lifting stroke of the mounting plate by the forward and reverse rotation of the drive motor, the negative pressure inside the accordion-style airbag can be precisely adjusted.

[0008] Furthermore, multiple guide rods penetrate the mounting plate and are slidably connected to the mounting plate, and the annular guide member has guide holes corresponding to the guide rods inside.

[0009] The above technical solution can precisely guide the movement of the mounting plate and the bellows-type airbag simultaneously from the axial and radial directions, ensuring stable expansion and contraction of the bellows-type airbag and precise negative pressure adjustment.

[0010] Furthermore, the pressure buffer chamber is equipped with a pressure sensor, and the pressure sensor is connected to the control display screen via a wire.

[0011] Through the above technical solution, the pressure sensor inside the pressure buffer chamber is connected to the control display screen via wires, which can monitor and display the pressure inside the chamber in real time, making it easy to accurately adjust the negative pressure value to meet the needs of abdominal drainage and leakage prevention.

[0012] Furthermore, the diversion mechanism includes a three-way pipe installed inside the main unit cabinet, a funnel-shaped filter cartridge fixedly connected inside the three-way pipe, and a first diversion pipe and a second diversion pipe fixedly connected to the bottom of the three-way pipe respectively.

[0013] With the above technical solution, after the drainage catheter drains the exudate from the patient's abdominal cavity into the three-way tube, the exudate flows through the funnel-shaped filter cartridge, which filters the exudate. Impurities inside the exudate will flow into the drainage bag through the second diversion tube, while the exudate will flow into the drainage bag through the first diversion tube, preventing excessive impurities inside the exudate from clogging the drainage catheter.

[0014] Furthermore, the outer wall of the drainage bag is provided with multiple connection ports, one of which is connected to a connecting tube, and the other two connection ports are respectively connected to the first diversion tube and the second diversion tube.

[0015] Through the above technical solution, multiple connection ports on the outer wall of the drainage bag are connected to the connecting tube, the first diversion tube and the second diversion tube respectively, which can realize the multi-path integration of negative pressure transmission and drainage fluid diversion and collection, and improve the functional expandability and operational convenience of the drainage system.

[0016] Furthermore, the insertion and drainage mechanism includes an insertion tube inserted into the other end of the drainage conduit. An adjusting sleeve is slidably connected to the outer wall of the insertion tube. A fixed sleeve is threadedly connected to the top of the adjusting sleeve. The outer wall of the fixed sleeve is provided with multiple locking block mounting slots and operating slots. A fitting fixing plate is rotatably connected inside the multiple locking block mounting slots. A rotating tensioning component for tightening and loosening the insertion tube is installed at the top of the fixed sleeve. A miniature piezoelectric pump is installed inside the adjusting sleeve. An air supply pipe is fixedly connected to the output end of the miniature piezoelectric pump. Multiple air distribution pipes are distributed on the outer wall of the air supply pipe. A fitting airbag is installed at the bottom of the adjusting sleeve. Multiple piezoresistive pressure sensors are installed on the outer wall of the fitting airbag. A biodegradable self-healing film is fitted onto the outer wall of the fitting airbag. Multiple sealing rings are fixedly connected inside the adjusting sleeve and the rotating tensioning component.

[0017] The above technical solution involves first assembling the adjusting sleeve and the fixing sleeve—connecting the fixing sleeve to the top of the adjusting sleeve via threads, ensuring the rotating tensioning component is in a relaxed state. After overall assembly, the adjusting sleeve is aligned with the patient's wound and inserted. The fitting and fixing plate within the locking slot is then rotated to extend outwards. The angle is adjusted via the operating slot until the fitting and fixing plate is tightly fitted to the skin around the patient's wound, achieving initial fixation. Subsequently, the miniature piezoelectric pump inside the adjusting sleeve is activated. Gas enters the fitting airbag through the supply and distribution pipes, causing the airbag to inflate and tightly adhere to the internal tissue of the wound. A piezoresistive pressure sensor on the outer wall monitors the pressure in real time, ensuring a tight fit and preventing tissue damage, thereby blocking the path of exudate from the wound. The outer biodegradable self-healing film directly contacts the wound tissue, exerting antibacterial and healing-promoting effects. After the tube is securely attached, it is inserted through the rotating tensioning assembly and the adjusting sleeve into the abdominal drainage area. The tube is then locked in place by rotating the tensioning assembly, while the sealing ring inside the sleeve and the rotating tensioning assembly is adjusted to ensure a seal at the connection. This achieves the synergistic effect of preventing leakage around the drainage catheter and ensuring precise drainage.

[0018] Furthermore, the end of the bonding and fixing plate away from the card block mounting groove is provided with an arc-shaped bonding pad, which is made of medical-grade silicone.

[0019] Through the above technical solution, the arc-shaped fitting pad at the end of the fitting fixation plate is made of medical-grade silicone. It can not only conform to the curvature of human skin through its arc structure, thereby improving the tightness of contact with the skin around the wound and enhancing the fixation effect, but also reduce pressure and friction damage to the skin due to the softness and good biocompatibility of medical-grade silicone, while avoiding skin allergic reactions and ensuring safety and comfort for long-term use.

[0020] Furthermore, the end of the air distribution pipe is connected to the inside of the airbag, and the outer wall of the air distribution pipe is provided with a one-way air intake valve.

[0021] The above technical solution ensures that the airbag fits snugly inside the wound after inflation, avoiding localized gaps in the fit. The one-way air inlet valve on the outer wall of the air duct prevents backflow of gas from the airbag, maintaining stable pressure inside the airbag and continuously blocking leakage of wound exudate. It also prevents the fit from failing due to gas leakage.

[0022] Furthermore, the biodegradable self-healing film is a chitosan-gelatin composite biodegradable film, and the inner wall of the biodegradable self-healing film is provided with multiple sensing avoidance holes corresponding to the piezoresistive pressure sensor.

[0023] The above technical solution leverages the biocompatibility and biodegradability of the two components to gradually degrade and promote tissue healing during the wound application process, while also exerting antibacterial effects to reduce the risk of infection. The multiple sensing avoidance holes on the inner wall correspond to the piezoresistive pressure sensor, preventing the membrane from obstructing the sensor and ensuring that the sensor can accurately monitor the contact pressure between the airbag and the inside of the wound, thus balancing wound healing protection with the accuracy of pressure monitoring.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: (1) The present invention designs a negative pressure adjustment mechanism, which, through the cooperation of the drive motor, reducer assembly and gear transmission structure, can drive the left-hand screw and right-hand screw to rotate synchronously, thereby driving the mounting plate to rise and fall smoothly, realizing the precise stretching and compression of the bellows-type airbag. According to the actual needs of abdominal drainage, the negative pressure value can be finely adjusted by controlling the forward and reverse rotation of the drive motor and the lifting stroke, effectively avoiding the problem of excessive negative pressure damaging abdominal tissue or insufficient negative pressure causing poor drainage and residual exudate; (2) The present invention designs an insertion drainage mechanism and a diversion mechanism, which achieves rapid assembly through the threaded connection between the adjusting sleeve and the fixed sleeve, and fits the medical silicone arc-shaped fitting pad at the end of the fixed plate. It can closely fit the skin around the wound, and together with the inflatable fitting airbag, it forms a double anti-leakage structure of "external fixation + internal sealing" from inside the wound, effectively blocking the leakage path of exudate. The funnel-shaped filter inside the three-way tube can efficiently filter the drained abdominal exudate, and guide impurities and clean exudate into the drainage bag through the second diversion tube and the first diversion tube respectively, avoiding impurities from clogging the drainage tube and affecting the drainage efficiency. Moreover, the multi-port adaptation design of the diversion mechanism and the drainage bag can realize the orderly diversion and collection of drainage fluid. With the negative pressure support of the negative pressure adjustment mechanism, it not only solves the problems of wound leakage and tissue protection, but also ensures the smoothness and stability of the drainage process, greatly improving the safety, effectiveness and patient comfort of abdominal drainage. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a front view of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the main unit cabinet of the present invention; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Internal sectional view; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the negative pressure regulating mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Internal sectional view; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the drive gear structure of the present invention; Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of the left-hand lead screw and the right-hand lead screw of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the one-way exhaust valve structure of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the diversion mechanism of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the drainage catheter structure of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the insertion and drainage mechanism of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the adjusting sleeve structure of the present invention; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the miniature piezoelectric pump of the present invention.

[0026] Attached reference numerals: 1. Main unit cabinet; 2. Control display screen; 3. Observation window; 4. Drainage bag; 5. Storage compartment; 6. Negative pressure regulating mechanism; 601. Dustproof box; 602. Drive motor; 603. Reducer assembly; 604. Drive gear; 605. Driven gear; 606. Mounting base; 607. Left-hand lead screw; 608. Right-hand lead screw; 609. Connecting seat; 610. Slider; 611. Mounting plate; 612. Fixed base; 613. Bellows-style airbag; 614. Annular guide; 615. Negative pressure output interface; 616. Exhaust port; 617. One-way exhaust valve; 618. Guide rod; 619. Connecting air pipe; 620. Pressure... 7. Force buffer chamber; 8. Connecting pipe; 9. Diverting mechanism; 10. T-connector; 11. Funnel-shaped filter cartridge; 12. First diverting pipe; 13. Second diverting pipe; 14. Drainage conduit; 15. Insertion drainage mechanism; 16. Insertion tube; 17. Adjusting sleeve; 18. Fixing sleeve; 19. Locking block mounting groove; 1005. Operating groove; 1006. Fitting fixing plate; 1007. Rotary tensioning assembly; 1008. Miniature piezoelectric pump; 1009. Air supply pipe; 1010. Diverting pipe; 1011. Fitting airbag; 1012. Piezoresistive pressure sensor; 1013. Biodegradable self-healing film; 1014. Sealing ring. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0028] like Figure 1 - Figure 4As shown, a negative pressure device for preventing leakage of abdominal drainage catheters for 9 weeks in this embodiment includes a main unit cabinet 1. The front end of the main unit cabinet 1 is equipped with a control display screen 2 and an observation window 3. Drainage bags 4 are installed inside the main unit cabinet 1. A storage compartment 5 is provided at the bottom of the main unit cabinet 1. Multiple drainage bags 4 are loaded inside the storage compartment 5.

[0029] like Figure 5 - Figure 9 As shown, the main unit cabinet 1 is equipped with a negative pressure regulating mechanism 6 that provides a negative pressure source for the drainage bag 4. The negative pressure regulating mechanism 6 includes a dustproof box 601 installed inside the main unit cabinet 1. A drive motor 602 is installed at the bottom of the dustproof box 601. A reducer assembly 603 is installed at the top of the drive motor 602. The output end of the reducer assembly 603 is fixedly connected to a drive gear 604. A plurality of driven gears 605 that mesh with the drive gear 604 are rotatably connected inside the dustproof box 601 near the drive gear 604. A series of driven gears 605 that mesh with the driven gears are installed inside the dustproof box 601 near the driven gears 605. The mounting base 606 corresponds to 605. Two mounting bases 606 are rotatably connected to the top of a left-hand lead screw 607, and the other two mounting bases 606 are rotatably connected to the top of a right-hand lead screw 608. Inside the dustproof box 601, there are mating seats 609 corresponding to the left-hand lead screw 607 and the right-hand lead screw 608. Sliding sliders 610 are slidably connected to the outer walls of both the two left-hand lead screws 607 and the two right-hand lead screws 608. Mounting plates 611 are fixedly connected between multiple sliding sliders 610. A fixed base 612 is fixedly connected inside the dustproof box 601. An accordion-style airbag 613 is mounted on the top of the fixed base 612. Multiple annular guide members 614 are distributed on the outer wall of the accordion-style airbag 613. The top of the accordion-style airbag 613 is connected to the mounting plate 611. A negative pressure output port 615 and an exhaust port 616 are respectively installed on the top of the accordion-style airbag 613. A one-way exhaust valve 617 is installed on the outer wall of the exhaust port 616. Multiple guide rods 618 are fixedly connected to the top of the fixed base 612. The multiple guide rods 618 pass through the mounting plate 611 and are slidably connected to the mounting plate 611. The annular guide members 614 have guide holes corresponding to the guide rods 618 inside, which can simultaneously guide the mounting plate 611 and the accordion-style airbag 613 from the axial and radial directions. The movement of the 3 is precisely guided to ensure that the accordion-type airbag 613 is stable in its expansion and contraction and that the negative pressure is precisely adjusted. The top of the negative pressure output interface 615 is fixedly connected to the connecting air tube 619. The other end of the connecting air tube 619 is fixedly connected to the pressure buffer chamber 620. The pressure buffer chamber 620 is equipped with a pressure sensor. The pressure sensor is connected to the control display screen 2 through a wire. The pressure sensor inside the pressure buffer chamber 620 is connected to the control display screen 2 through a wire, which can monitor and display the pressure inside the chamber in real time, so as to accurately adjust the negative pressure value to meet the needs of abdominal drainage and leakage prevention. The top of the negative pressure adjustment mechanism 6 is connected to the connecting tube 7.

[0030] like Figure 5 - Figure 9 As shown, when negative pressure needs to be adjusted, the drive motor 602 installed at the bottom of the dustproof box 601 starts. Its power is reduced by the reducer assembly 603 at the top and then transmitted to the drive gear 604, causing the drive gear 604 to rotate. Since the drive gear 604 meshes with multiple driven gears 605, the driven gears 605 rotate synchronously, respectively driving the left-hand lead screw 607 and the right-hand lead screw 608 on the corresponding mounting base 606 to rotate. The left-hand lead screw 607 and the right-hand lead screw 608 have opposite thread directions, and their top ends are rotated and engaged with the mating base 609 to ensure stability. At this time, the sliders 610 on the outer walls of the left-hand lead screw 607 and the right-hand lead screw 608 rise and fall synchronously under the action of the threads, thereby driving the multiple sliders 610 to rotate. The mounting plate 611 moves up and down along the guide rod 618. When the mounting plate 611 moves upward, it stretches the accordion-style airbag 613 at the top of the fixed base 612. The annular guide 614 on the outer wall of the accordion-style airbag 613 ensures stable axial deformation during its extension and contraction, creating a negative pressure inside. The negative pressure is transmitted through the negative pressure output port 615 at the top and the connecting air pipe 619 to the pressure buffer chamber 620 for buffering before being output. When the mounting plate 611 moves downward, the accordion-style airbag 613 is compressed, and the internal gas is discharged through the exhaust port 616 and the one-way exhaust valve 617 on the outer wall. By controlling the lifting stroke of the mounting plate 611 through the forward and reverse rotation of the drive motor 602, the internal negative pressure of the accordion-style airbag 613 can be precisely adjusted.

[0031] like Figure 10 As shown, a diversion mechanism 8 for diverting and filtering the flow from the drainage bag 4 is installed near the top inside the main unit cabinet 1. The diversion mechanism 8 includes a three-way pipe 801 installed inside the main unit cabinet 1. A funnel-shaped filter cartridge 802 is fixedly connected inside the three-way pipe 801. A first diversion pipe 803 and a second diversion pipe 804 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the three-way pipe 801, respectively. The outer wall of the drainage bag 4 has multiple connection ports. One connection port is connected to the connecting pipe 7, and the other two connection ports are connected to the first diversion pipe 803 and the second diversion pipe 804, respectively. The multiple connection ports on the outer wall of the drainage bag 4 are connected to the connecting pipe 7 and the first diversion pipe 804, respectively. 03 is connected to the second diversion tube 804, which can realize the integration of multiple channels for negative pressure transmission and drainage fluid diversion and collection, and improve the functional expandability and operation convenience of the drainage system. When the drainage catheter 9 drains the exudate inside the patient's abdominal cavity to the three-way tube 801, the exudate flows through the funnel-shaped filter 802 and is filtered by the funnel-shaped filter 802. The impurities inside the exudate will flow into the drainage bag 4 through the second diversion tube 804, while the exudate will flow into the drainage bag 4 through the first diversion tube 803, to prevent excessive impurities inside the exudate from clogging the drainage catheter 9. The top of the diversion mechanism 8 is connected to the drainage catheter 9.

[0032] like Figure 11 - Figure 14 As shown, the other end of the drainage catheter 9 is provided with an insertion drainage mechanism 10 for insertion into the patient's abdominal cavity for drainage. The insertion drainage mechanism 10 includes an insertion tube 1001 inserted into the other end of the drainage catheter 9. An adjusting sleeve 1002 is slidably connected to the outer wall of the insertion tube 1001. A fixed sleeve 1003 is threadedly connected to the top of the adjusting sleeve 1002. The outer wall of the fixed sleeve 1003 is provided with multiple locking block mounting slots 1004 and operating slots 1005. A fitting and fixing plate 1006 is rotatably connected inside the multiple locking block mounting slots 1004. An arc-shaped fitting pad is provided at the end of the fitting and fixing plate 1006 away from the locking block mounting slots 1004. The arc-shaped fitting pad is made of medical silicone. The curved fitting pad is made of medical-grade silicone. Its curved structure conforms to the contours of human skin, enhancing contact and fixation around the wound. The softness and biocompatibility of medical-grade silicone reduce pressure and friction damage to the skin, preventing allergic reactions and ensuring long-term safety and comfort. The top of the fixing sleeve 1003 is equipped with a rotating tensioning component 1007 for tightening and loosening the insertion tube 1001. A miniature pneumatic pump 1008 is installed inside the adjusting sleeve 1002. The output end of the miniature pneumatic pump 1008 is fixedly connected to an air supply pipe 1009. Multiple air distribution pipes 1010 are distributed on the outer wall of the air supply pipe 1009. The end of the trachea 1010 is connected to the inside of the fitting airbag 1011, and the outer wall of the trachea 1010 is equipped with a one-way air inlet valve to ensure that the airbag fits the inside of the wound completely after inflation, avoiding local gaps in the fit. The one-way air inlet valve on the outer wall of the trachea 1010 prevents the backflow of gas in the fitting airbag 1011, maintaining a stable pressure inside the airbag and thus continuously blocking the leakage of wound exudate. At the same time, it prevents the fitting effect from failing due to gas leakage. The bottom of the adjusting sleeve 1002 is equipped with the fitting airbag 1011, and multiple piezoresistive pressure sensors 1012 are installed on the outer wall of the fitting airbag 1011. A biodegradable self-healing film 1013 is attached to the outer wall of the fitting airbag 1011. The self-healing film 1013 is a chitosan-gelatin composite biodegradable film. The inner wall of the biodegradable self-healing film 1013 is provided with multiple sensing avoidance holes corresponding to the piezoresistive pressure sensor 1012. It can gradually degrade and promote tissue healing during the process of applying the film to the wound by relying on the biocompatibility and biodegradability of the two components. At the same time, it can exert an antibacterial effect to reduce the risk of infection. The multiple sensing avoidance holes on the inner wall correspond to the piezoresistive pressure sensor 1012, which can prevent the film from blocking the sensor and ensure that the sensor can accurately monitor the contact pressure between the airbag 1011 and the inside of the wound. It takes into account both wound healing protection and the accuracy of pressure monitoring. Multiple sealing rings 1014 are fixedly connected inside the adjusting sleeve 1002 and the rotating tensioning component 1007.

[0033] like Figure 11 - Figure 14 As shown, first, assemble the adjusting sleeve 1002 and the fixed sleeve 1003—connect the fixed sleeve 1003 to the top of the adjusting sleeve 1002 via threads, ensuring that the rotating tensioning component 1007 is in a relaxed state. After the overall assembly is completed, align the adjusting sleeve 1002 with the patient's wound and insert it. At this time, rotate the fitting fixing plate 1006 in the locking block mounting groove 1004 to extend it outward. Adjust the angle through the operating groove 1005 until the fitting fixing plate 1006 is tightly fitted to the skin around the patient's wound, achieving initial fixation. Then, start the miniature pneumatic pump 1008 inside the adjusting sleeve 1002. Gas enters the fitting airbag 1011 through the air supply pipe 1009 and the air distribution pipe 1010. The airbag inflates and fits tightly against the internal tissue of the wound. The pressure is monitored in real time by the piezoresistive pressure sensor 1012 on the outer wall to ensure a tight fit and avoid tissue damage, thereby blocking the path of exudate from the wound. The outer biodegradable self-healing film 1013 directly contacts the wound tissue, exerting antibacterial and healing-promoting effects. After the fit is secure, the insertion tube 1001 is inserted into the abdominal drainage site through the rotating tensioning component 1007 and the adjusting sleeve 1002. The insertion tube 1001 is locked by the rotating tensioning component 1007, while the adjusting sleeve 1002 and the sealing ring 1014 inside the rotating tensioning component 1007 ensure a seal at the connection. Finally, the drainage catheter achieves a synergistic effect of preventing leakage and precise drainage for 9 weeks.

[0034] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows: the three connection ports on the outer wall of the drainage bag 4 are respectively connected to the connecting tube 7 and the first diversion tube 803 and the second diversion tube 804 of the diversion mechanism 8 to complete the pipeline connection. Then, the insertion drainage mechanism 10 is assembled: the fixing sleeve 1003 is connected to the top of the adjusting sleeve 1002 by threads, keeping the rotating tensioning component 1007 loose, and then the adjusting sleeve 1002 is inserted into the patient's wound. The fitting fixing plate 1006 in the locking block mounting groove 1004 is rotated to extend it and... Initial fixation is achieved by adhering to the skin around the wound. The micro-pneumatic pump 1008 inside the adjusting sleeve 1002 is then activated. Gas enters the adhering airbag 1011 via the air supply tube 1009 and the air distribution tube 1010 with a one-way air inlet valve, causing the airbag to inflate and adhere to the inside of the wound. The piezoresistive pressure sensor 1012 on the outer wall monitors the pressure in real time to prevent tissue damage. Simultaneously, the biodegradable self-healing film 1013 exerts antibacterial and healing-promoting effects. After the adhesion is secure, the insertion tube 1001 is passed through the rotating tensioning component 1007 and the adjusting sleeve. The tube 1002 is inserted into the abdominal cavity, and the rotating tensioning assembly 1007 is locked. The internal sealing ring 1014 ensures a seal at the connection. During the drainage stage, the negative pressure regulating mechanism 6 is activated: the drive motor 602 in the dustproof box 601 drives the active gear 604 and driven gear 605 to rotate via the reducer assembly 603, which in turn causes the left-hand lead screw 607 and right-hand lead screw 608 to rotate synchronously. The slider 610 drives the mounting plate 611 to rise along the guide rod 618, stretching the bellows-type airbag 613 to form negative pressure. The negative pressure is output through the negative pressure output interface. 615. The trachea 619 enters the pressure buffer chamber 620, and then is transferred to the drainage bag 4 through the connecting tube 7. The exudate in the patient's abdominal cavity enters the three-way tube 801 of the diversion mechanism 8 through the insertion tube 1001 and the drainage tube 9. After being filtered by the funnel-shaped filter cartridge 802, the impurities flow into the drainage bag 4 through the second diversion tube 804 along with the exudate. The clean exudate flows into the drainage bag 4 through the first diversion tube 803. The whole process realizes precise control of negative pressure, exudate filtration and diversion, and wound leakage prevention, while ensuring operation safety and wound healing.

[0035] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A negative pressure device for preventing leakage around an abdominal drainage tube, comprising a main unit cabinet (1), characterized in that: The front end of the main unit cabinet (1) is equipped with a control display screen (2) and an observation window (3). The inside of the main unit cabinet (1) is equipped with a drainage bag (4). The bottom of the inside of the main unit cabinet (1) is equipped with a storage compartment (5). The storage compartment (5) is filled with multiple drainage bags (4). The main cabinet (1) is equipped with a negative pressure regulating mechanism (6) that provides a negative pressure source for the drainage bag (4). A connecting pipe (7) is inserted into the top of the negative pressure regulating mechanism (6). The main cabinet (1) is equipped with a diversion mechanism (8) for diverting and filtering the drainage bag (4) near the top. A drainage conduit (9) is inserted into the top of the diversion mechanism (8). The other end of the drainage catheter (9) is provided with an insertion drainage mechanism (10) for insertion into the patient's abdominal cavity for drainage.

2. The negative pressure device for preventing leakage around an abdominal drainage tube according to claim 1, characterized in that, The negative pressure regulating mechanism (6) includes a dustproof box (601) installed inside the main unit cabinet (1). A drive motor (602) is installed at the bottom of the dustproof box (601). A reducer assembly (603) is provided on the top of the drive motor (602). A drive gear (604) is fixedly connected to the output end of the reducer assembly (603). A plurality of driven gears that mesh with the drive gear (604) are rotatably connected inside the dustproof box (601) near the drive gear (604). The dustproof box (601) contains a gear (605), and inside the dustproof box (601) near the driven gear (605), there are mounting seats (606) corresponding to the driven gear (605). Two of the mounting seats (606) are rotatably connected to the top of a left-hand lead screw (607), and the other two mounting seats (606) are rotatably connected to the top of a right-hand lead screw (608). Inside the dustproof box (601) are mating seats (609) corresponding to the left-hand lead screw (607) and the right-hand lead screw (608). The outer walls of the left-hand lead screw (607) and the two right-hand lead screws (608) are slidably connected to sliders (610). A mounting plate (611) is fixedly connected between the sliders (610). A fixed base (612) is fixedly connected inside the dustproof box (601). An accordion-style airbag (613) is mounted on the top of the fixed base (612). Multiple annular guides (614) are distributed on the outer wall of the accordion-style airbag (613). The top of the accordion-style airbag (613)... Connected to the mounting plate (611), the top of the bellows-type airbag (613) is respectively equipped with a negative pressure output interface (615) and an exhaust port (616). The outer wall of the exhaust port (616) is equipped with a one-way exhaust valve (617). The top of the fixed base (612) is fixedly connected with multiple guide rods (618). The top of the negative pressure output interface (615) is fixedly connected with a connecting air pipe (619). The other end of the connecting air pipe (619) is fixedly connected with a pressure buffer chamber (620).

3. The negative pressure device for preventing leakage around an abdominal drainage tube according to claim 2, characterized in that, Multiple guide rods (618) pass through the mounting plate (611) and are slidably connected to the mounting plate (611), and the annular guide member (614) has guide holes corresponding to the guide rods (618) inside.

4. The negative pressure device for preventing leakage around an abdominal drainage tube according to claim 2, characterized in that, The pressure buffer chamber (620) is equipped with a pressure sensor, and the pressure sensor is connected to the control display screen (2) via a wire.

5. The negative pressure device for preventing leakage around an abdominal drainage tube according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diversion mechanism (8) includes a three-way pipe (801) installed inside the main unit cabinet (1). A funnel-shaped filter cartridge (802) is fixedly connected inside the three-way pipe (801). A first diversion pipe (803) and a second diversion pipe (804) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the three-way pipe (801).

6. The negative pressure device for preventing leakage around an abdominal drainage tube according to claim 5, characterized in that, The outer wall of the drainage bag (4) is provided with multiple connection ports, one of which is connected to the connecting tube (7), and the other two connection ports are connected to the first diversion tube (803) and the second diversion tube (804) respectively.

7. The negative pressure device for preventing leakage around an abdominal drainage tube according to claim 1, characterized in that, The insertion drainage mechanism (10) includes an insertion tube (1001) inserted into the other end of the drainage conduit (9). An adjusting sleeve (1002) is slidably connected to the outer wall of the insertion tube (1001). A fixed sleeve (1003) is threadedly connected to the top of the adjusting sleeve (1002). The outer wall of the fixed sleeve (1003) is provided with multiple locking block mounting slots (1004) and operating slots (1005). A fitting fixing plate (1006) is rotatably connected inside the multiple locking block mounting slots (1004). A rotating tightening assembly (1007) for tightening and loosening the insertion tube (1001) is installed on the top of the fixed sleeve (1003). The adjusting sleeve... (1002) is equipped with a miniature piezoelectric pump (1008) inside. The output end of the miniature piezoelectric pump (1008) is fixedly connected to an air supply pipe (1009). Multiple air distribution pipes (1010) are distributed on the outer wall of the air supply pipe (1009). An air-fitting bladder (1011) is installed at the bottom of the adjusting sleeve (1002). Multiple piezoresistive pressure sensors (1012) are installed on the outer wall of the air-fitting bladder (1011). A biodegradable self-healing film (1013) is attached to the outer wall of the air-fitting bladder (1011). Multiple sealing rings (1014) are fixedly connected inside the adjusting sleeve (1002) and the rotating tensioning assembly (1007).

8. The negative pressure device for preventing leakage around an abdominal drainage tube according to claim 7, characterized in that, The fitting and fixing plate (1006) has an arc-shaped fitting pad at one end away from the card block mounting groove (1004), and the arc-shaped fitting pad is made of medical silicone.

9. The negative pressure device for preventing leakage around an abdominal drainage tube according to claim 7, characterized in that, The end of the air distribution pipe (1010) is connected to the inside of the fitting airbag (1011), and the outer wall of the air distribution pipe (1010) is provided with a one-way air intake valve.

10. The negative pressure device for preventing leakage around an abdominal drainage tube according to claim 7, characterized in that, The biodegradable self-healing film (1013) is a chitosan-gelatin composite biodegradable film. The inner wall of the biodegradable self-healing film (1013) is provided with multiple sensing avoidance holes corresponding to the piezoresistive pressure sensor (1012).

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