Data packet processing method and device, medium, product and chip system

Abstract

The invention relates to a data packet processing method and device, a medium, a product and a chip system.The method comprises the steps that under the condition that a data packet upgrading instruction of terminal equipment is received, a data packet matched with the data packet upgrading instruction is obtained; determining a target second satellite in the communication range of the first satellite from a plurality of second satellites, wherein the orbit height of the second satellite is smaller than the orbit height of the first satellite; and communicating with the target second satellite according to the data packet, and communicating with the terminal equipment by the target second satellite according to the data packet, so that the terminal equipment completes upgrading processing of the data packet. According to the invention, the data packet upgrading processing of the terminal equipment in the area lacking the ground network can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of Internet of Things (IoT) technology, and in particular to a data packet processing method, apparatus, medium, product, and chip system. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous advancement of IoT technology, more and more smart devices are entering people's lives. As these devices become increasingly widespread, data packet upgrades have become a hot research topic in recent years. Among related technologies, OTA (Over-the-Air) technology based on terrestrial networks can be used to upgrade data packets. However, the limited coverage of terrestrial networks means that smart devices in areas lacking terrestrial network coverage cannot complete the upgrade process. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To overcome the problems existing in related technologies, this disclosure provides a data packet processing method, apparatus, medium, product, and chip system.

[0004] According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, a data packet processing method is provided, executed by a first satellite, comprising: Upon receiving a data packet upgrade instruction from a terminal device, acquire a data packet that matches the data packet upgrade instruction; Identify a target second satellite from among multiple second satellites that is within the communication range of the first satellite, wherein the orbital altitude of the second satellite is less than that of the first satellite; The target second satellite communicates with the data packet, and the target second satellite communicates with the terminal device based on the data packet, enabling the terminal device to complete the upgrade processing of the data packet.

[0005] Optionally, the target second satellite includes multiple satellites, and the step of communicating with the target second satellite according to the data packet, and having the target second satellite communicate with the terminal device according to the data packet, so that the terminal device completes the upgrade processing of the data packet, includes: The allocation ratio of each target second satellite for the data packet is determined based on at least one of the transmission information between the first satellite and each of the plurality of target second satellites, the satellite information of each target second satellite, the environmental information, and the data packet information of the data packet; The data packet is divided into multiple sub-data packets according to the allocation ratio; The multiple sub-data packets are sent to multiple target second satellites, which then communicate with the terminal device based on the multiple sub-data packets, enabling the terminal device to complete the upgrade processing of the data packets.

[0006] Optionally, the transmission information includes channel gain, and the method further includes: The free-space path loss between the first satellite and each of the target second satellites is determined based on the distance between the first satellite and each of the target second satellites, the transmission frequency of the first satellite, the path loss index, and the speed of light. The free-space path loss is processed according to the fading channel model to determine the shadowing loss between the first satellite and each of the target second satellites; The channel gain is determined based on the initial channel gain between the first satellite and each of the target second satellites and the shadowing loss.

[0007] Optionally, the satellite information includes at least one of the following: the traffic information of each target second satellite at the current time and the next time, the computing resource information of each target second satellite, and the identification information of each target second satellite. The method further includes: Based on the position information of each of the target second satellites and the traffic information of each of the target second satellites at the current time, the traffic information of each of the target second satellites at the next time is determined.

[0008] Optionally, the step of sending the plurality of sub-data packets to a plurality of target second satellites, and having the plurality of target second satellites communicate with the terminal device based on the plurality of sub-data packets, so that the terminal device completes the upgrade processing of the data packets, includes: The plurality of sub-data packets are sent to the plurality of target second satellites, which then send the plurality of sub-data packets to the controller. The controller is used to obtain the data packet based on the plurality of sub-data packets and to communicate with the terminal device based on the data packet, so that the terminal device completes the upgrade processing of the data packet.

[0009] Optionally, the target second satellite includes a second satellite that is within the communication range of the first satellite at the next moment after the current moment; determining the target second satellite within the communication range of the first satellite from a plurality of second satellites includes: The target second satellite is determined from the plurality of second satellites according to an orbit prediction table, which reflects whether the position of each of the plurality of second satellites at the next moment is covered by the communication range of the first satellite.

[0010] Optionally, determining the allocation ratio of each target second satellite for the data packet based on at least one of the transmission information between the first satellite and each of the plurality of target second satellites, satellite information of each target second satellite, environmental information, and data packet information of the data packet includes: The allocation ratio is determined by processing at least one of the transmission information, satellite information, environmental information, and data packet information according to a pre-trained reinforcement learning model; wherein the reinforcement learning model is trained in the following manner: Acquire data to be processed, which includes at least one of the following: sample transmission information between the first sample satellite and each of the plurality of second sample satellites, sample satellite information of each second sample satellite, sample environment information, and sample data packet information of the sample data packet; The actor network processes the data to be processed to determine action information, which is used to reflect the allocation ratio of each sample second satellite to the sample data packet; The evaluation network is used to determine the reward value that matches the action information based on the packet delay of the first sample satellite and the transmission delay between the first sample satellite and each of the second sample satellites. Based on the first state information of the environment at the first moment, the action information, the reward value, and the second state information of the environment at the second moment, training samples are determined, and the actor network and the evaluation network are trained based on the training samples to obtain a trained actor network and a trained evaluation network, and the reinforcement learning model is obtained based on the trained actor network, wherein the first moment is the moment before the second moment.

[0011] According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, a data packet processing method is provided, executed by a controller, comprising: Receive multiple sub-data packets sent by the target second satellite, wherein the multiple sub-data packets are obtained by the first satellite after it has processed the data packets into sub-packets and then sent to the target second satellite; The multiple sub-data packets are merged to obtain a data packet; The data packet is sent to the terminal device, which then performs the upgrade process based on the data packet.

[0012] Optionally, the target second satellite includes multiple sub-data packets, which are encrypted by the first satellite and sent to the multiple target second satellites after being marked with a sequence identifier; the merging of the multiple sub-data packets to obtain a data packet includes: Decrypt the multiple sub-data packets to obtain decrypted multiple sub-data packets; The decrypted sub-data packets are merged according to the sequence identifier to obtain the data packet.

[0013] According to a third aspect of the present disclosure, a data packet processing method is provided, executed by a terminal device, comprising: Receive data packets sent by the controller; The upgrade process is performed based on the data packet.

[0014] According to a fourth aspect of the present disclosure, a data packet processing apparatus is provided, comprising: The first acquisition module is configured to acquire a data packet that matches the data packet upgrade instruction when a data packet upgrade instruction is received from a terminal device; A first determining module is configured to determine, from a plurality of second satellites, a target second satellite within the communication range of the first satellite, wherein the orbital altitude of the second satellite is less than that of the first satellite; The communication module is configured to communicate with the target second satellite according to the data packet, and the target second satellite communicates with the terminal device according to the data packet, so that the terminal device completes the upgrade processing of the data packet.

[0015] According to a fifth aspect of the present disclosure, a data packet processing apparatus is provided, comprising: processor; Memory used to store processor-executable instructions; The processor is configured as follows: Upon receiving a data packet upgrade instruction from a terminal device, acquire a data packet that matches the data packet upgrade instruction; Identify a target second satellite from among multiple second satellites that is within the communication range of the first satellite, wherein the orbital altitude of the second satellite is less than that of the first satellite; The target second satellite communicates with the data packet, and the target second satellite communicates with the terminal device based on the data packet, enabling the terminal device to complete the upgrade processing of the data packet.

[0016] According to a sixth aspect of the present disclosure, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, having stored thereon computer program instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the data packet processing method provided in any one of the first to third aspects of the present disclosure.

[0017] According to a seventh aspect of the present disclosure, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the data packet processing method provided in any one of the first to third aspects of the present disclosure.

[0018] According to an eighth aspect of the present disclosure, a chip system is provided, the chip system including a processing unit and an interface circuit, the processing unit acquiring program instructions through the interface circuit, the program instructions being executed by the processing unit, the processing unit being used to perform the steps of the data packet processing method provided in any one of the first to third aspects of the present disclosure.

[0019] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this disclosure can include the following beneficial effects: by utilizing communication between the first satellite and the second satellite, the terminal device can obtain data packets, thereby completing the data packet upgrade process. The first satellite, the second satellite, and the terminal device can form a satellite-ground cooperative network. Since the satellite network can cover areas lacking terrestrial networks, such as maritime areas, air areas, uninhabited areas, and sparsely populated areas, data packet upgrade processing for terminal devices in areas lacking terrestrial networks can be achieved.

[0020] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and are not intended to limit this disclosure. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this disclosure.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a satellite-ground cooperative network system according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a data packet processing method according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a process illustrating, according to an exemplary embodiment, of a first satellite communicating with a target second satellite based on data packets.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the training of a reinforcement learning model according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0026] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating a data packet processing method according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0027] Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating a data packet processing method according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0028] Figure 7 This is a data flow diagram illustrating a data packet processing method according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0029] Figure 8 This is a block diagram illustrating a data packet processing apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0030] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a chip system according to an exemplary embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0031] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numerals in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this disclosure. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this disclosure as detailed in the appended claims.

[0032] It should be noted that all actions involving the acquisition of signals, information, or data in this disclosure are carried out in compliance with the relevant data protection laws and policies of the country where the location is situated, and with authorization from the owner of the relevant device.

[0033] As mentioned in the background section, related technologies can employ OTA (Over-the-Air) technology based on terrestrial networks to achieve data packet upgrades. However, the limited coverage of terrestrial networks prevents smart devices in areas lacking terrestrial network coverage from completing upgrades. For example, areas at sea or sparsely populated areas lack terrestrial network coverage, making data packet upgrades impossible for devices in those areas.

[0034] It is worth noting that the data packet processing method shown in this embodiment can be applied to data packet upgrades of terminal devices in a satellite-ground collaborative network system. The terminal devices can include various types, such as smart home devices, smartphones, and smartwatches.

[0035] See Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a satellite-ground collaborative network system 100 according to an exemplary embodiment. The satellite-ground collaborative network system 100 may include a first satellite 1001, a second satellite 1002, a controller 1003, a terminal device 1004, and a data center 1005. Among them, the controller 1003 and the data center 1005 are non-essential devices.

[0036] like Figure 1As shown, the orbital altitude of the first satellite 1001 is greater than that of the second satellite 1002. The first satellite 1001 can communicate with the second satellite 1002, the second satellite 1002 can communicate with the controller 1003, the controller 1003 can communicate with the terminal device 1004, and both the first and second satellites 1001 can communicate with the data center 1005. In a possible implementation, the first satellite 1001 may be a high-orbit satellite, and high-orbit satellites are geostationary. The second satellite 1002 may be a low-orbit or medium-orbit satellite. For details on the operations performed by each component in the space-ground cooperative network system 100, please refer to the relevant descriptions below; they will not be repeated here.

[0037] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a packet processing method according to an exemplary embodiment, the packet processing method being performed by a first satellite, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the data packet processing method may include the following steps.

[0038] Step 210: Upon receiving a data packet upgrade instruction from the terminal device, obtain a data packet that matches the data packet upgrade instruction.

[0039] In a possible implementation, the data packet upgrade instruction may be sent from the terminal device to the controller, then from the controller to the second satellite, and finally from the second satellite to the first satellite; or the data packet upgrade instruction may be sent from the terminal device to the second satellite, and finally from the second satellite to the first satellite.

[0040] In some embodiments, the data packet upgrade instruction carries a version identifier, and the data packet matching the data packet upgrade instruction may be a data packet of a version that matches the version identifier. In some embodiments, obtaining the data packet matching the data packet upgrade instruction includes: obtaining the data packet from a first satellite if the data packet is stored; and obtaining the data packet from a data center if the data packet is not stored.

[0041] In some embodiments, after receiving a data packet upgrade instruction from a terminal device and obtaining a data packet matching the data packet upgrade instruction, the method further includes: filtering out the data packet with the highest upgrade task priority based on the upgrade task priority carried by the data packet.

[0042] This embodiment of the disclosure can prioritize the upgrading of data packets by filtering out the data packets with the highest upgrade task priority.

[0043] Step 220: Identify a target second satellite from among multiple second satellites that is within the communication range of the first satellite, wherein the orbital altitude of the second satellite is less than that of the first satellite.

[0044] In some embodiments, the target second satellite includes a second satellite within the communication range of the first satellite at the next moment of the current time; determining the target second satellite within the communication range of the first satellite from a plurality of second satellites includes: determining the target second satellite from a plurality of second satellites according to an orbit prediction table, the orbit prediction table being used to reflect whether the position of each of the plurality of second satellites at the next moment is covered by the communication range of the first satellite; wherein, the position of each second satellite at the next moment of the current time may be determined according to the orbit of the second satellite.

[0045] In one possible implementation, the orbit prediction table may be predetermined and stored by the first satellite, or it may be determined by the first satellite in real time. In another possible real-time implementation, the orbit prediction table may be predetermined by other devices, such as a second satellite or a data center, and sent to the first satellite. This disclosure does not limit the method by which the first satellite obtains the orbit prediction table.

[0046] In some embodiments, the element values ​​in the orbit prediction table can reflect whether the position of each second satellite at the next moment is covered by the communication range of the first satellite. For example, the element values ​​can include 0 and 1, where an element value of 0 can indicate that it is not covered by the communication range of the first satellite, and an element value of 1 can indicate that it is covered by the communication range of the first satellite.

[0047] The embodiments of this disclosure determine the target second satellite through an orbit prediction table. Since the orbit prediction table is pre-constructed and used to reflect whether the position of each second satellite at the next moment is covered by the communication range of the first satellite, the target second satellite can be quickly determined through the orbit prediction table, thereby improving the selection efficiency of the target second satellite.

[0048] Step 230: Communicate with the target second satellite based on the data packet, and the target second satellite communicates with the terminal device based on the data packet, so that the terminal device completes the data packet upgrade process.

[0049] In some embodiments, the first satellite can send data packets to a target second satellite, which then communicates with the terminal device to send the data packets to the terminal device, enabling the terminal device to complete the data packet upgrade process.

[0050] In some embodiments, multiple target second satellites may be included. The first satellite can segment the data packet into multiple sub-data packets and send these sub-data packets to the multiple target second satellites. The multiple target second satellites then communicate with the terminal device based on the sub-data packets, enabling the terminal device to complete the data packet upgrade process. For specific details regarding the communication between the first satellite and the target second satellites based on the data packets in the segmentation scenario, please refer to the following... Figure 3The details and related descriptions will not be repeated here.

[0051] The data packet processing method of this disclosure utilizes communication between a first satellite and a second satellite to enable a terminal device to obtain data packets, thereby completing the data packet upgrade processing. The first satellite, the second satellite, and the terminal device can form a satellite-ground cooperative network. Since the satellite network can cover areas lacking terrestrial networks, such as maritime areas, air areas, uninhabited areas, and sparsely populated areas, it can realize data packet upgrade processing for terminal devices in areas lacking terrestrial networks.

[0052] In some embodiments, when the first satellite is not online, the data center uses a shortest path algorithm to determine multiple target second satellites. The data center then segments the data packets into multiple sub-data packets and sends these sub-data packets to the multiple target second satellites. Understandably, the data center may encrypt the multiple data packets, add sequence identifiers, and add identification codes for the target second satellites. Specific details regarding these processes are described below and will not be repeated here.

[0053] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating communication between a first satellite and a target second satellite based on data packets, according to an exemplary embodiment. Figure 3 As shown, the process may include steps 310-330.

[0054] Step 310: Determine the allocation ratio of each target second satellite for data packets based on at least one of the transmission information between the first satellite and each target second satellite, the satellite information of each target second satellite, the environmental information, and the data packet information.

[0055] In a possible implementation, the transmitted information may include channel gain, and the data packet processing method further includes: determining the free space path loss between the first satellite and each target second satellite based on the distance between the first satellite and each target second satellite, the transmission frequency of the first satellite, the path loss exponent, and the speed of light; processing the free space path loss according to a fading channel model to determine the shadowing loss between the first satellite and each target second satellite; and determining the channel gain based on the initial channel gain and shadowing loss between the first satellite and each target second satellite.

[0056] In some embodiments, the free space path loss can be determined using the following formula (1): (1) in, This represents the free space path loss, where c represents the speed of light. Indicates the transmission frequency of the first satellite. This indicates the distance between the first satellite and the target second satellite. This represents the path loss index.

[0057] In a possible implementation, the fading channel model can be the Rician fading channel model, and specific details about the Rician fading channel model can be found in related technologies.

[0058] In some embodiments, the shadowing loss can be determined using the following formula (2) employed by the Rician fading channel model: (2) in, Indicates shadow loss. Represents free space path loss. This indicates that the mean is 0 and the variance is 0. The complex random Gaussian distribution, Indicates standard deviation, This represents a random variable.

[0059] In some embodiments, the channel gain can be determined using the following formula (3): (3) in, Indicates channel gain. Indicates the initial channel gain. This indicates shadow loss.

[0060] In a possible implementation, the satellite information includes at least one of the following: the traffic information of each target second satellite at the next time step, the computing resource information of each target second satellite, and the identification information of each target second satellite.

[0061] In some embodiments, the traffic information may represent the level of remaining traffic, for example, the level may include sufficient, adequate, and insufficient. The identification information of each target second satellite may represent the number of each target second satellite.

[0062] In some embodiments, before determining the allocation ratio of each target second satellite for the data packet based on at least one of the transmission information between the first satellite and each of the plurality of target second satellites, the satellite information of each target second satellite, the environmental information, and the data packet information of the data packet, the data packet processing method further includes: determining the traffic information of each target second satellite at the next time based on the position information of each target second satellite and the traffic information of each target second satellite at the current time.

[0063] In a possible implementation, determining the traffic information of each target second satellite at the next moment based on the position information of each target second satellite and the traffic information of each target second satellite at the current moment may include: processing the position information of each target second satellite and the traffic information of each target second satellite at the current moment according to a pre-trained traffic prediction model to determine the traffic information of each target second satellite at the next moment.

[0064] The pre-trained traffic prediction model can include a logistic regression model or a neural network model. The pre-trained traffic prediction model can be trained as follows: Acquire labeled training data, including the location information of the second sample satellite and its traffic information at a first time step. The labels represent the traffic information of the labeled second sample satellite at a second time step, where the first time step is the time step preceding the second time step. Process the training data according to the initial traffic prediction model to determine the predicted traffic information of the second sample satellite at the second time step. Determine the loss function value based on the difference between the labels and the predicted traffic information of the second sample satellite at the second time step. Adjust the parameters of the traffic prediction model based on the loss function value until the loss function value meets a preset condition, thus obtaining the trained traffic prediction model. The preset condition may include the loss function value converging or the loss function value being less than a preset loss threshold.

[0065] It is worth noting that the sample second satellite in the training data of the traffic prediction model may be the same as or different from the sample second satellite used in the reinforcement learning model described below.

[0066] In a possible implementation, the parameters of the trained traffic prediction model can be updated at preset intervals. For example, after obtaining the trained traffic prediction model for the first time, the model is put into practical use to obtain some data. Based on this data, training data is constructed, and then the parameters of the initially trained traffic prediction model are updated using this training data and previously used training data.

[0067] In some embodiments, environmental information may include the current environmental state, such as weather information, for example, sunny or rainy weather, and data packet information may include data packet size and / or data packet version, etc.

[0068] In a possible implementation, the allocation ratio of each target second satellite to the data packet is determined based on at least one of the following: transmission information between the first satellite and each of the plurality of target second satellites; satellite information of each target second satellite; environmental information; and data packet information. This includes processing at least one of the transmission information, satellite information, environmental information, and data packet information according to a pre-trained reinforcement learning model to determine the allocation ratio. For details regarding the training process and specific aspects of the reinforcement learning model, please refer to the following... Figure 4 The details and related descriptions will not be repeated here.

[0069] In some embodiments, the sum of the allocation ratios of multiple target second satellites for data packets is a preset value, which may be 1. For example, taking multiple target second satellites including second satellite 1 to second satellite 3 as an example, the allocation ratio of second satellite 1 may be 0.3, the allocation ratio of second satellite 2 may be 0.5, and the allocation ratio of second satellite 3 may be 0.2.

[0070] In a possible implementation, the filtering of multiple target second satellites can be characterized by an allocation ratio. For example, due to the high mobility of satellites, they may jump out of the communication area, causing one or more target second satellites to be outside the communication range of the first satellite. In this case, the allocation ratio of the target second satellite can be set to 0 to filter it out.

[0071] For example, taking the aforementioned multiple target second satellites, including second satellite 1 to second satellite 3, as an example, assuming that the satellite to be filtered is second satellite 3, then the allocation ratio of second satellite 1 can be 0.5, the allocation ratio of second satellite 2 can be 0.5, and the allocation ratio of second satellite 3 can be 0. In this case, second satellite 3 is no longer a satellite used to receive sub-data packets.

[0072] This embodiment of the disclosure uses a reinforcement learning model to determine the allocation ratio of the second satellite for each target data packet. Since the reinforcement learning model utilizes time information, it can avoid signal interruption caused by the high mobility of satellites, and the determined allocation ratio can be used to divide and transmit data packets, thereby improving the data transmission speed.

[0073] Step 320: The data packet is divided into multiple sub-data packets according to the allocation ratio.

[0074] Step 330: Send multiple sub-data packets to multiple target second satellites, which then communicate with the terminal device based on the multiple sub-data packets, enabling the terminal device to complete the data packet upgrade process.

[0075] This embodiment of the disclosure determines the allocation ratio of each target second satellite for data packets based on at least one of the following: transmission information between the first satellite and each target second satellite, satellite information of each target second satellite, environmental information, and data packet information. By employing multiple pieces of information that influence the allocation ratio to determine the data packet allocation ratio, the accuracy of the allocation ratio can be improved.

[0076] Secondly, in this embodiment, the data packets are split according to the allocation ratio and sent to multiple target second satellites in batches. The multiple target second satellites communicate with the terminal device based on the multiple sub-data packets, which can ensure that the terminal device receives the complete data packets, and the packetized transmission improves the data transmission speed.

[0077] Finally, as mentioned above, the target second satellite includes the second satellite within the communication range of the first satellite at the next moment of the current time. In this embodiment of the disclosure, the data packet allocation ratio is obtained, and then the data is sent in batches to the target second satellite within the communication range of the first satellite at the next moment. By using the target second satellite within the communication range at the next moment, the data transmission interruption caused by the high mobility of the satellite jumping out of the communication area is prevented, and the terminal device can be guaranteed to receive complete data packets.

[0078] In some embodiments, multiple sub-data packets are sent to multiple target second satellites, and the multiple target second satellites communicate with the terminal device based on the multiple sub-data packets, so that the terminal device completes the data packet upgrade process. This includes: sending multiple sub-data packets to multiple target second satellites, and having the multiple target second satellites send the multiple sub-data packets to a controller. The controller is used to obtain data packets based on the multiple sub-data packets and communicate with the terminal device based on the data packets, so that the terminal device completes the data packet upgrade process.

[0079] This embodiment of the disclosure sends multiple sub-data packets to multiple target second satellites, which then send the multiple sub-data packets to a controller. The controller is used to obtain a data packet based on the multiple sub-data packets. By adding a controller and using the controller to obtain a complete data packet, the data packet upgrade of the terminal device becomes more stable.

[0080] In some embodiments, multiple sub-data packets are sent to multiple target second satellites, which then send the sub-data packets to a controller. The controller is used to obtain a data packet based on the multiple sub-data packets. This may include: encrypting each sub-data packet separately, adding a sequence identifier, and then sending it to the multiple target second satellites; the multiple target second satellites then sending the sub-data packets to the controller; the controller decrypting the sub-data packets to obtain decrypted sub-data packets; and merging the sub-data packets according to the sequence identifier to obtain a data packet.

[0081] A sequence identifier can indicate the order in which data packets are split. This embodiment of the disclosure adds a sequence identifier to facilitate the subsequent merging of multiple sub-data packets into a complete data packet. Furthermore, this embodiment of the disclosure ensures data transmission security by encrypting multiple sub-data packets, and uses a controller to complete the decryption and merging of sub-data packets, making terminal device upgrades more stable, reducing the computing power requirements of the terminal device while satisfying both differential and full upgrades.

[0082] In some embodiments, multiple sub-data packets are sent to multiple target second satellites, which then send the sub-data packets to a controller. The controller is used to obtain a data packet based on the multiple sub-data packets, and may include: encrypting each sub-data packet separately, adding a sequence identifier and an identification code of the target second satellite, and then sending the sub-data packets to the target second satellites; the target second satellites then sending the sub-data packets to the controller; the controller decrypting the sub-data packets to obtain decrypted sub-data packets; merging the sub-data packets according to the sequence identifier to obtain a data packet; verifying the integrity of the data packet, and if the data packet is found to be incomplete, requesting the corresponding target second satellite to retransmit the corresponding sub-data packet according to the identification code.

[0083] This embodiment of the disclosure adds the identification code of the target second satellite to the data packet, taking into account that the satellite transmits data in the form of broadcast, which can improve the transmission efficiency. In addition, it enables the controller to request the corresponding target second satellite to retransmit the corresponding sub-data packet according to the identification code when the data packet is found to be incomplete, thereby improving the acquisition efficiency of the unreceived sub-data packet.

[0084] Furthermore, by using a controller to complete the decryption and merging of sub-data packets, as well as the verification of data packets, the upgrade of the terminal device is more stable, reducing the computing power requirements of the terminal device while satisfying differential upgrades and full upgrades.

[0085] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the training of a reinforcement learning model according to an exemplary embodiment. Figure 4 As shown, the process includes the following steps 410-440.

[0086] Step 410: Obtain the data to be processed. The data to be processed includes at least one of the following: sample transmission information between the first sample satellite and each of the multiple second sample satellites, sample satellite information of each second sample satellite, sample environment information, and sample data packet information of the sample data packet.

[0087] For details regarding the parameters in step 410, please refer to step 310 and its related descriptions above, which will not be repeated here.

[0088] Step 420: Process the data to be processed according to the actor network to determine the motion information. The motion information is used to reflect the allocation ratio of each sample data packet by the second satellite.

[0089] Step 430: Using the evaluation network, determine the reward value that matches the action information based on the packet delay of the first sample satellite and the transmission delay between the first sample satellite and each second sample satellite.

[0090] For information on actor networks and evaluation networks, please refer to the relevant technical documentation; further details will not be provided here.

[0091] In some embodiments, packet splitting latency may include splitting latency, or may include splitting latency, information addition latency, and encryption latency, wherein the information addition latency includes sequence identifier addition latency and / or identification code addition latency. Packet splitting latency may be determined based on the computing power of the first satellite and the data packet size.

[0092] In some embodiments, the transmission delay is determined based on the distance between the first sample satellite and each second sample satellite, as well as the transmission rate. For example, the transmission delay could be distance / transmission rate.

[0093] In a possible implementation, the transmission rate between the first sample satellite and the second sample satellite can be determined according to the following formula (4): (4) in, Indicates the transmission rate. Indicates bandwidth. This represents the channel gain between the first sample satellite and the second sample satellite at time slot t. This indicates the transmit power of the first satellite in time slot t. Indicates standard deviation, This represents the logarithmic function with base 2.

[0094] Step 440: Based on the first state information, action information, and reward value of the environment at the first moment and the second state information of the environment at the second moment, determine the training samples, and train the actor network and the evaluation network based on the training samples to obtain the trained actor network and the trained evaluation network, and obtain the reinforcement learning model based on the trained actor network, wherein the first moment is the moment before the second moment.

[0095] The environment in a reinforcement learning network is the context in which state information is output, such as the amount of environmental resources. In some embodiments, training the actor network and the evaluation network based on training samples may include: placing training samples into an experience pool, randomly sampling from the experience pool, and using a policy gradient descent algorithm to train the actor network and the evaluation network. Specific details regarding the training of the actor network and the evaluation network can be found in related technologies and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0096] This embodiment of the disclosure utilizes an evaluation network to determine a reward value that matches the action information based on the packetization delay of the first sample satellite and the transmission delay between the first sample satellite and each second sample satellite. The reward value is then used to construct training samples to train a reinforcement learning model. This allows the reinforcement learning model to consider these two delays when determining the allocation ratio during the application phase, making the allocation ratio more reasonable and accurate.

[0097] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating a packet processing method according to an exemplary embodiment, the packet processing method being executed by a controller. Figure 5 As shown, the process includes the following steps 510-530.

[0098] Step 510: Receive multiple sub-data packets sent by the target second satellite.

[0099] Multiple sub-data packets are the first satellite pair according to Figure 2 The data packets obtained by the method shown are then processed into sub-packets and sent to the target second satellite. For specific details regarding the data packets received by the first satellite, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 2 For details regarding subcontracting, please refer to the above descriptions and related information. Figure 3 The details and related descriptions will not be repeated here.

[0100] Step 520: Merge multiple sub-data packets to obtain a data packet.

[0101] Step 530: Send the data packet to the terminal device, which will then perform the upgrade process based on the data packet.

[0102] This embodiment of the invention uses a controller to merge multiple sub-data packets to obtain a complete data packet, enabling the terminal device to upgrade directly based on the complete data packet, resulting in a more stable data packet upgrade for the terminal device.

[0103] In some embodiments, the target second satellite includes multiple sub-data packets, which are encrypted by the first satellite and sent to the multiple target second satellites after being marked with a sequence identifier; the multiple sub-data packets are merged to obtain a data packet, including: decrypting the multiple sub-data packets to obtain decrypted multiple sub-data packets; and merging the decrypted multiple sub-data packets according to the sequence identifier to obtain a data packet.

[0104] For details regarding encryption processing and the addition of sequence identifiers, please refer to step 330 above and its related descriptions, which will not be repeated here.

[0105] The embodiments disclosed herein use a controller to complete the decryption and merging of sub-data packets, making the upgrade of terminal devices more stable, reducing the computing power requirements of terminal devices while satisfying differential upgrades and full upgrades.

[0106] In some embodiments, the target second satellite includes multiple sub-data packets, which are encrypted by the first satellite and sent to the multiple target second satellites after being added with a sequence identifier and an identification code of the target second satellite. The method further includes: decrypting the multiple sub-data packets to obtain decrypted multiple sub-data packets; merging the decrypted multiple sub-data packets according to the sequence identifier to obtain a data packet; the method further includes: verifying the integrity of the data packet, and if the data packet is found to be incomplete, requesting the corresponding target second satellite to retransmit the corresponding sub-data packet according to the identification code.

[0107] In this embodiment, the controller requests the corresponding target second satellite to retransmit the corresponding sub-data packets based on the identification code when the data packet is found to be incomplete, thereby improving the efficiency of obtaining unreceived sub-data packets.

[0108] Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating a data packet processing method according to an exemplary embodiment, the method being executed by a terminal device. Figure 6 As shown, the method includes steps 610 and 620.

[0109] Step 610: Receive the data packet sent by the controller.

[0110] The data packet is based on the controller Figure 5 The method shown is used to obtain it.

[0111] Step 620: Perform upgrade processing based on the data packet.

[0112] The data packets received by the controller in this embodiment are obtained through communication between the first satellite and the second satellite. The first satellite, the second satellite, the controller, and the terminal device can form a satellite-ground cooperative network. Since the satellite network can cover areas lacking terrestrial networks, such as maritime areas, air areas, uninhabited areas, and sparsely populated areas, it can realize the data packet upgrade processing of terminal devices in areas lacking terrestrial networks.

[0113] To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this disclosure, the first satellite will be considered a high-orbit satellite, the second satellite a low-orbit satellite, and a controller and data center will be used in conjunction with the following... Figure 7 An exemplary data flow of the data packet processing method of this disclosure is described.

[0114] like Figure 7 As shown, the data flow includes the following steps 710-7130.

[0115] Step 710: The terminal device sends an upgrade or update command to the controller; Step 720: The controller checks if a new version is available. If a new version is available, the process ends, and the terminal device upgrades directly based on the available new version. If no new version is available, proceed to step 730; Step 730: The controller sends an upgrade or update command; Step 740: The command is sent via low-Earth orbit satellite to high-Earth orbit satellite and received by the data center. The command carries the current traffic information of the low-Earth orbit satellite, including the traffic information at the current moment; Step 750: Determine if the high-Earth orbit satellite is online normally. If yes, proceed to step 770; otherwise, proceed to step 760; Step 760: The data center uses the shortest path algorithm to determine the multi-hop near-Earth satellites and packages the data packets into batches, encrypts them, and sends them to the multi-hop satellites. After the near-Earth satellite, proceed to step 790; Step 770: The high-orbit satellite checks if a new version has been prepared. If yes, proceed to step 780; otherwise, proceed to step 7130; Step 780: The high-orbit satellite acquires low-orbit satellites within its communication range, packages and encrypts data packets in batches, and sends them to the corresponding low-orbit satellites; Step 790: The low-orbit satellite sends multiple sub-data packets in batches to the controller; Step 7100: Determine if the transmission was successful. If yes, proceed to step 7110; otherwise, proceed to step 780; Step 7110: The controller parses the received multiple sub-data packets, performs integration and verification, and sends them to the terminal device. The terminal device completes the upgrade based on the integrated data packets; Step 7120: Determine if the upgrade was successful. If yes, end the process; otherwise, proceed to step 7110.

[0116] about Figure 7 For details of each step, please refer to the relevant descriptions above, which will not be repeated here.

[0117] Figure 8 This is a block diagram illustrating a data packet processing apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment. (Refer to...) Figure 8 The data packet processing device 800 includes:

[0118] The first acquisition module 810 is configured to acquire a data packet that matches the data packet upgrade instruction when a data packet upgrade instruction is received from a terminal device. The first determining module 820 is configured to determine, from a plurality of second satellites, a target second satellite within the communication range of the first satellite, wherein the orbital altitude of the second satellite is less than that of the first satellite; The communication module 830 is configured to communicate with the target second satellite according to the data packet, and the target second satellite communicates with the terminal device according to the data packet, so that the terminal device completes the upgrade processing of the data packet.

[0119] Optionally, the target second satellite includes multiple satellites, and the communication module 830 is further configured to: The allocation ratio of each target second satellite for the data packet is determined based on at least one of the transmission information between the first satellite and each of the plurality of target second satellites, the satellite information of each target second satellite, the environmental information, and the data packet information of the data packet; The data packet is divided into multiple sub-data packets according to the allocation ratio; The multiple sub-data packets are sent to multiple target second satellites, which then communicate with the terminal device based on the multiple sub-data packets, enabling the terminal device to complete the upgrade processing of the data packets.

[0120] Optionally, the transmission information includes channel gain, and the apparatus further includes: The second determining module is configured to determine the free space path loss between the first satellite and each of the target second satellites based on the distance between the first satellite and each of the target second satellites, the transmission frequency of the first satellite, the path loss index, and the speed of light. The third determining module is configured to process the free space path loss according to the fading channel model to determine the shadowing loss between the first satellite and each of the target second satellites; The fourth determining module is configured to determine the channel gain based on the initial channel gain between the first satellite and each of the target second satellites and the shadowing loss.

[0121] Optionally, the satellite information includes at least one of the following: the traffic information of each target second satellite at the current time and the next time, the computing resource information of each target second satellite, and the identification information of each target second satellite. The device further includes: The fifth determining module is configured to determine the flow information of each of the target second satellites at the next time moment based on the position information of each of the target second satellites and the flow information of each of the target second satellites at the current time.

[0122] Optionally, the communication module 830 is further configured to: The plurality of sub-data packets are sent to the plurality of target second satellites, which then send the plurality of sub-data packets to the controller. The controller is used to obtain the data packet based on the plurality of sub-data packets and to communicate with the terminal device based on the data packet, so that the terminal device completes the upgrade processing of the data packet.

[0123] Optionally, the target second satellite includes a second satellite that is within the communication range of the first satellite at the next moment of the current moment; the first determining module 820 is further configured to: The target second satellite is determined from the plurality of second satellites according to an orbit prediction table, which reflects whether the position of each of the plurality of second satellites at the next moment is covered by the communication range of the first satellite.

[0124] Optionally, the communication module 830 is further configured to: The allocation ratio is determined by processing at least one of the transmission information, satellite information, environmental information, and data packet information according to a pre-trained reinforcement learning model; wherein the reinforcement learning model is trained in the following manner: Acquire data to be processed, which includes at least one of the following: sample transmission information between the first sample satellite and each of the plurality of second sample satellites, sample satellite information of each second sample satellite, sample environment information, and sample data packet information of the sample data packet; The actor network processes the data to be processed to determine action information, which is used to reflect the allocation ratio of each sample second satellite to the sample data packet; The evaluation network is used to determine the reward value that matches the action information based on the packet delay of the first sample satellite and the transmission delay between the first sample satellite and each of the second sample satellites. Based on the first state information of the environment at the first moment, the action information, the reward value, and the second state information of the environment at the second moment, training samples are determined, and the actor network and the evaluation network are trained based on the training samples to obtain a trained actor network and a trained evaluation network, and the reinforcement learning model is obtained based on the trained actor network, wherein the first moment is the moment before the second moment.

[0125] The device in this embodiment utilizes communication between the first and second satellites to enable the terminal device to obtain data packets, thereby completing the data packet upgrade process. The first satellite, the second satellite, and the terminal device can form a satellite-ground cooperative network. Since the satellite network can cover areas lacking terrestrial networks, such as maritime areas, air areas, uninhabited areas, and sparsely populated areas, it can enable data packet upgrade processing for terminal devices in areas lacking terrestrial networks.

[0126] Regarding the apparatus in the above embodiments, the specific manner in which each module performs its operation has been described in detail in the embodiments related to the method, and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0127] This disclosure also provides a data packet processing apparatus, comprising: a processor; and a memory for storing processor-executable instructions; wherein the processor is configured to: upon receiving a data packet upgrade instruction from a terminal device, acquire a data packet matching the data packet upgrade instruction; determine a target second satellite within the communication range of a first satellite from a plurality of second satellites, wherein the orbital altitude of the second satellite is less than that of the first satellite; communicate with the target second satellite according to the data packet, and the target second satellite communicates with the terminal device according to the data packet, thereby enabling the terminal device to complete the data packet upgrade processing.

[0128] This disclosure also provides a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon computer program instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the data packet processing method provided in this disclosure.

[0129] In another exemplary embodiment, a computer program product is also provided, the computer program product comprising a computer program executable by a programmable device, the computer program having a code portion for performing the above-described data packet processing method when executed by the programmable device.

[0130] Some embodiments of this disclosure also provide a chip system, such as Figure 9As shown, the chip system 900 includes at least one processor 901 and at least one interface circuit 902. The processor 901 and the interface circuit 902 are interconnected via lines. For example, the interface circuit 902 can be used to receive signals from other devices (e.g., the memory of an electronic device). As another example, the interface circuit 902 can be used to send signals to other devices (e.g., the processor 901). Exemplarily, the interface circuit 902 can read instructions stored in memory and send those instructions to the processor 901. When the instructions are executed by the processor 901, the data packet processing device can perform the steps in the above embodiments. Of course, the chip system may also include other discrete devices, and some embodiments of this disclosure do not specifically limit this.

[0131] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the interface circuit 902 can acquire data, program instructions, and / or information from the internal storage area of ​​the chip system; it can also acquire data, program instructions, and / or information from outside the chip system.

[0132] Optionally, the chip system may also include memory for storing necessary computer programs and data.

[0133] Those skilled in the art will also understand that the various illustrative logical blocks and steps listed in the embodiments of this application can be implemented by electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of both. Whether such functionality is implemented through hardware or software depends on the specific application and the overall system design requirements. Those skilled in the art can implement the described functionality using various methods for each specific application, but such implementation should not be construed as exceeding the scope of protection of the embodiments of this application.

[0134] Furthermore, the term “exemplary” is used herein to mean serving as an example, instance, or illustration. Any aspect or design described herein as “exemplary” is not necessarily to be construed as advantageous compared to other aspects or designs. Rather, the use of the term “exemplary” is intended to present the concept in a concrete manner. As used herein, the term “or” is intended to mean an inclusive “or” rather than an exclusive “or.” That is, unless otherwise specified or clear from the context, “X applies A or B” is intended to mean any of the natural inclusive arrangements. That is, “X applies A or B” satisfies any of the foregoing instances if X applies A; X applies B; or both X applies A and B. Additionally, unless otherwise specified or clear from the context to refer to the singular form, the articles “a” and “an” as used in this application and the appended claims are generally understood to mean “one or more.”

[0135] Similarly, although this disclosure has been shown and described with respect to one or more implementations, equivalent variations and modifications will occur to those skilled in the art upon reading and understanding this specification and the accompanying drawings. This disclosure includes all such modifications and variations and is limited only by the scope of the claims. In particular, with respect to the various functions performed by the components described above (e.g., elements, resources, etc.), unless otherwise indicated, the terminology used to describe such components is intended to correspond to any component (functionally equivalent) that performs the specific function of the described component, even if structurally not equivalent to the disclosed structure. Furthermore, although specific features of this disclosure may have been disclosed with respect to only one of several implementations, such features may be combined with one or more other features of other implementations, as may be desired and advantageous to any given or particular application. Moreover, with regard to the terms “comprising,” “owning,” “having,” “having,” or variations thereof as used in the detailed description or claims, such terms are intended to be inclusive in a manner similar to the term “including.”

[0136] Other embodiments of this disclosure will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this disclosure that follow the general principles of this disclosure and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The specification and examples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of this disclosure are indicated by the appended claims.

[0137] It should be understood that this disclosure is not limited to the precise structures described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of this disclosure is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A data packet processing method, executed by a first satellite, characterized in that, include: Upon receiving a data packet upgrade instruction from a terminal device, acquire a data packet that matches the data packet upgrade instruction; Identify a target second satellite from among multiple second satellites that is within the communication range of the first satellite, wherein the orbital altitude of the second satellite is less than that of the first satellite; The target second satellite communicates with the data packet, and the target second satellite communicates with the terminal device based on the data packet, enabling the terminal device to complete the upgrade processing of the data packet.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The target second satellite includes multiple satellites. The step of communicating with the target second satellite based on the data packet, and having the target second satellite communicate with the terminal device based on the data packet, so that the terminal device completes the upgrade processing of the data packet, includes: The allocation ratio of each target second satellite for the data packet is determined based on at least one of the transmission information between the first satellite and each of the plurality of target second satellites, the satellite information of each target second satellite, the environmental information, and the data packet information of the data packet; The data packet is divided into multiple sub-data packets according to the allocation ratio; The multiple sub-data packets are sent to multiple target second satellites, which then communicate with the terminal device based on the multiple sub-data packets, enabling the terminal device to complete the upgrade processing of the data packets.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The transmission information includes channel gain, and the method further includes: The free-space path loss between the first satellite and each of the target second satellites is determined based on the distance between the first satellite and each of the target second satellites, the transmission frequency of the first satellite, the path loss index, and the speed of light. The free-space path loss is processed according to the fading channel model to determine the shadowing loss between the first satellite and each of the target second satellites; The channel gain is determined based on the initial channel gain between the first satellite and each of the target second satellites and the shadowing loss.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The satellite information includes at least one of the following: the traffic information of each target second satellite at the current time and the next time; the computing resource information of each target second satellite; and the identification information of each target second satellite. The method further includes: Based on the position information of each of the target second satellites and the traffic information of each of the target second satellites at the current time, the traffic information of each of the target second satellites at the next time is determined.

5. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The step of sending the plurality of sub-data packets to a plurality of target second satellites, and having the plurality of target second satellites communicate with the terminal device based on the plurality of sub-data packets, so that the terminal device completes the upgrade processing of the data packets, includes: The plurality of sub-data packets are sent to the plurality of target second satellites, which then send the plurality of sub-data packets to the controller. The controller is used to obtain the data packet based on the plurality of sub-data packets and to communicate with the terminal device based on the data packet, so that the terminal device completes the upgrade processing of the data packet.

6. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The target second satellite includes a second satellite that is within the communication range of the first satellite at the next moment of the current moment; the step of determining the target second satellite within the communication range of the first satellite from a plurality of second satellites includes: The target second satellite is determined from the plurality of second satellites according to an orbit prediction table, which reflects whether the position of each of the plurality of second satellites at the next moment is covered by the communication range of the first satellite.

7. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The step of determining the allocation ratio of each target second satellite for the data packet based on at least one of the transmission information between the first satellite and each of the plurality of target second satellites, satellite information of each target second satellite, environmental information, and data packet information of the data packet includes: The allocation ratio is determined by processing at least one of the transmission information, satellite information, environmental information, and data packet information according to a pre-trained reinforcement learning model; wherein the reinforcement learning model is trained in the following manner: Acquire data to be processed, which includes at least one of the following: sample transmission information between the first sample satellite and each of the plurality of second sample satellites, sample satellite information of each second sample satellite, sample environment information, and sample data packet information of the sample data packet; The actor network processes the data to be processed to determine action information, which is used to reflect the allocation ratio of each sample second satellite to the sample data packet; The evaluation network is used to determine the reward value that matches the action information based on the packet delay of the first sample satellite and the transmission delay between the first sample satellite and each of the second sample satellites. Based on the first state information of the environment at the first moment, the action information, the reward value, and the second state information of the environment at the second moment, training samples are determined, and the actor network and the evaluation network are trained based on the training samples to obtain a trained actor network and a trained evaluation network, and the reinforcement learning model is obtained based on the trained actor network, wherein the first moment is the moment before the second moment.

8. A data packet processing method, executed by a controller, characterized in that, include: Receive multiple sub-data packets sent by the target second satellite, wherein the multiple sub-data packets are from the first satellite. The data packet obtained by the method according to claim 1 is then processed into packets and sent to the target second satellite; The multiple sub-data packets are merged to obtain a data packet; The data packet is sent to the terminal device, which then performs the upgrade process based on the data packet.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The target second satellite includes multiple sub-data packets, which are encrypted by the first satellite and sent to the multiple target second satellites after being marked with a sequence identifier; the merging of the multiple sub-data packets to obtain a data packet includes: Decrypt the multiple sub-data packets to obtain decrypted multiple sub-data packets; The decrypted sub-data packets are merged according to the sequence identifier to obtain the data packet.

10. A data packet processing method, executed by a terminal device, characterized in that, include: Receive data packets sent by the controller, wherein the data packets are obtained by the controller according to claim 8 or 9; The upgrade process is performed based on the data packet.

11. A data packet processing apparatus, characterized in that, include: The first acquisition module is configured to acquire a data packet that matches the data packet upgrade instruction when a data packet upgrade instruction is received from a terminal device; A first determining module is configured to determine, from a plurality of second satellites, a target second satellite within the communication range of the first satellite, wherein the orbital altitude of the second satellite is less than that of the first satellite; The communication module is configured to communicate with the target second satellite according to the data packet, and the target second satellite communicates with the terminal device according to the data packet, so that the terminal device completes the upgrade processing of the data packet.

12. A data packet processing apparatus, characterized in that, include: processor; Memory used to store processor-executable instructions; The processor is configured as follows: Upon receiving a data packet upgrade instruction from a terminal device, acquire a data packet that matches the data packet upgrade instruction; Identify a target second satellite from among multiple second satellites that is within the communication range of the first satellite, wherein the orbital altitude of the second satellite is less than that of the first satellite; The target second satellite communicates with the data packet, and the target second satellite communicates with the terminal device based on the data packet, enabling the terminal device to complete the upgrade processing of the data packet.

13. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When executed by a processor, the computer program implements the steps of the method described in any one of claims 1 to 10.

14. A computer program product, characterized in that, It includes a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

15. A chip system, characterized in that, The chip system includes a processing unit and an interface circuit. The processing unit obtains program instructions through the interface circuit, and the program instructions are executed by the processing unit. The processing unit is used to perform the steps of the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 10.

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