In-vehicle communication system, communication method, electronic and electrical system, and communication device
By designing fiber optic communication and a unified protocol data unit, the problem of slow transmission rate caused by electromagnetic interference and protocol conversion in vehicle communication systems was solved, achieving efficient data transmission.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- BYD CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-31
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-01
AI Technical Summary
In vehicle-mounted communication systems, the transmission rate of various types of data is slow, and electromagnetic interference and protocol conversion lead to low efficiency.
Optical fiber communication is used to transmit optical signals between the first and second communication devices, and a unified protocol data unit is set up to convert data between the optical communication protocol interface and the electrical communication protocol interface, so as to achieve compatible transmission of different protocols.
It avoids the effects of electromagnetic interference, improves data transmission efficiency, reduces protocol conversion time, and increases the overall data transmission rate.
Smart Images
Figure CN121967446A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of vehicle-mounted optical communication technology, and in particular to a vehicle-mounted communication system, communication method, electronic and electrical system, and communication device. Background Technology
[0002] With the development of vehicle intelligence, the functional and entertainment needs of vehicles are gradually increasing. In order to ensure the normal operation of a large number of functional and entertainment devices, the vehicle communication system needs to have a large transmission bandwidth to provide support.
[0003] In related technologies, the transmission bandwidth of vehicle communication systems is usually increased by increasing the number of transmission lines to meet the normal operation of a large number of functional and entertainment devices. However, increasing the number of transmission lines can exacerbate electromagnetic interference problems during data transmission, affecting transmission efficiency. Furthermore, the data types generated by a large number of different functional and entertainment devices may be different, requiring conversion between different communication interfaces during transmission, which may further slow down the data transmission rate. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide an in-vehicle communication system, communication method, electronic and electrical system and communication device, which aims to solve the problem of slow data transmission rate in in-vehicle communication.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solution:
[0006] This application provides a vehicle-mounted communication system, including: a first communication device, a second communication device, and a third communication device. The first communication device communicates with the second communication device via optical fiber and with the third communication device via electrical communication. The first communication device is configured to: receive a first communication frame, convert the first communication frame into a protocol data unit, convert the protocol data unit into a second communication frame, and send the second communication frame. The first communication frame is a communication frame based on an optical communication protocol sent by the second communication device, and the second communication frame is a communication frame based on an electrical communication protocol to be received by the third communication device; or, the first communication frame is a communication frame based on an electrical communication protocol sent by the third communication device, and the second communication frame is a communication frame based on an optical communication protocol to be received by the second communication device.
[0007] The vehicle communication system provided in this application has several advantages. First, since optical signals are transmitted through optical fibers and do not exhibit electromagnetic interference, the use of optical fiber communication between the first and second communication devices avoids the impact of electromagnetic interference on data transmission and improves data transmission efficiency. Second, by setting a unified protocol data unit, when transmitting data between optical communication protocol interfaces and electrical communication protocol interfaces, the communication frames of each communication protocol can be converted into protocol data units first, enabling the conversion and transmission of data between different protocols and further improving data transmission efficiency.
[0008] In some embodiments, the communication frames based on the above-mentioned electrical communication protocol include at least one of the following: controller area network (CAN) frames, local interconnect network (LIN) frames, and Ethernet frames.
[0009] In some embodiments, the communication frames based on the optical communication protocol include at least one of the following: 10 gigabit-capable passive optical network encapsulation mode (XGEM) frames and gigabit-capable passive optical network encapsulation method (GEM) frames.
[0010] In some embodiments, the first communication device includes: a first interface module and a second interface module; the first interface module is configured to receive a first communication frame and convert the first communication frame into a protocol data unit; the second interface module is configured to convert the protocol data unit into a second communication frame and send the second communication frame.
[0011] In some embodiments, there are multiple second interface modules; the first communication device further includes a forwarding module disposed between the first interface module and the second interface module; the forwarding module is configured to forward protocol data units to a target second interface module among the multiple second interface modules.
[0012] In some embodiments, the forwarding module is specifically configured to forward protocol data units to a target second interface module among a plurality of second interface modules based on a routing table.
[0013] In some embodiments, the routing table is generated based on routing information from the communication device connected to the second interface module.
[0014] In some embodiments, the first communication device is a multi-protocol converter, the second communication device is a multi-protocol converter, and the third communication device is an electronic control unit (ECU).
[0015] This application provides a communication method, comprising: a first communication device receiving a first communication frame, converting the first communication frame into a protocol data unit, further converting the protocol data unit into a second communication frame, and sending the second communication frame; wherein the first communication frame is a communication frame based on an optical communication protocol sent by the second communication device, and the second communication frame is a communication frame based on an electrical communication protocol to be received by a third communication device; or, the first communication frame is a communication frame based on an electrical communication protocol sent by the third communication device, and the second communication frame is a communication frame based on an optical communication protocol to be received by the second communication device.
[0016] The communication method provided in this application embodiment, by setting a unified protocol data unit, enables the conversion and transmission of data between optical communication protocol interfaces and electrical communication protocol interfaces by first converting the communication frames of each communication protocol into protocol data units, thereby improving data transmission efficiency.
[0017] In some embodiments, the communication frames based on the above-mentioned electrical communication protocol include at least one of the following: CAN frame, LIN frame, and Ethernet frame.
[0018] In some embodiments, the communication frames based on the optical communication protocol mentioned above include at least one of the following: XGEM frames and GEM frames.
[0019] In some embodiments, the first communication device is a multi-protocol converter, the second communication device is a multi-protocol converter, and the third communication device is an ECU.
[0020] This application provides an electronic and electrical system, including the vehicle communication system described in any of the above system embodiments.
[0021] This application provides a communication device, including: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. The processor executes the program to implement the communication method described in any of the above method embodiments.
[0022] This application provides a vehicle including the electronic and electrical system described in the above embodiments, and / or the communication device described in the above embodiments.
[0023] This application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing instructions that, when executed by a computer, cause the computer to perform the communication method described above.
[0024] This application provides a computer program product containing instructions that, when executed by a computer, cause the computer to perform the communication method described above.
[0025] This application provides a chip including a processor and a communication interface, the communication interface being coupled to the processor, the processor being used to run computer programs or instructions to implement the communication method described above.
[0026] Specifically, the chip provided in this application embodiment also includes a memory for storing computer programs or instructions. Attached Figure Description
[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0028] Figure 1 An architecture diagram of an in-vehicle communication system provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0029] Figure 2 An architecture diagram of a software module in a communication device provided for an embodiment of this application;
[0030] Figure 3 An architecture diagram of another vehicle communication system provided in this application embodiment;
[0031] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a routing and forwarding architecture provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0032] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating a communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation
[0033] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0034] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," "rear," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or relative positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this application and for simplification, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application. Unless otherwise specified, the above-mentioned orientational descriptions can be flexibly set in practical applications, provided that the relative positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings are satisfied.
[0035] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.
[0036] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "communication" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection. They can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.
[0037] In some embodiments, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, article, or apparatus that includes that element.
[0038] In some embodiments, the words "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate that something is an example, illustration, or illustration. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of the words "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a specific manner.
[0039] In the description of this specification, specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.
[0040] Currently, optical communication, as a high-bandwidth, reliable, and low-cost data transmission method, is widely used in home broadband, data centers, and other scenarios. However, it is not yet widely used in vehicle networks.
[0041] With the development of vehicle technology, the limited bandwidth of traditional in-vehicle buses and Ethernet has gradually become a bottleneck restricting the progress of vehicle technology. Therefore, introducing optical communication as a communication network into the in-vehicle network can solve the problem of limited bandwidth. However, due to production costs and technological limitations, the branch networks between various controllers and the backbone network in the in-vehicle network will still use CAN, LIN, or Ethernet to transmit data, only replacing the backbone network of the in-vehicle network with optical communication.
[0042] However, when multiple communication methods such as optical communication, CAN, LIN, and Ethernet coexist in the vehicle network, protocol conversion is required between different communication interfaces, and multiple protocol conversions will slow down the data transmission efficiency.
[0043] For example, currently, when converting CAN, LIN, and Ethernet to optical communication, the CAN, LIN, and Ethernet signals need to be sent to the application layer first, then repackaged in the application layer according to the optical communication protocol, and finally sent according to the optical communication link.
[0044] Therefore, the existing method of performing data protocol conversion at the application layer requires a lot of software resources and takes a long time, resulting in slow overall data transmission efficiency.
[0045] Against this backdrop, in order to address the slow transmission rate of various types of data in vehicle-mounted communication in related technologies, this application provides a vehicle-mounted communication system, communication method, electronic and electrical system, and communication device. The implementation methods of the embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0046] like Figure 1 The diagram shown is an architecture diagram of a vehicle communication system provided in an embodiment of this application. The vehicle communication system 100 includes a first communication device 110, a second communication device 120, and a third communication device 130. The first communication device 110 and the second communication device 120 communicate via optical fiber, and the first communication device 110 and the third communication device 130 communicate via electrical means.
[0047] In some embodiments, the first communication device 110 is configured to: receive a first communication frame, convert the first communication frame into a protocol data unit (PDU), convert the PDU into a second communication frame, and send the second communication frame.
[0048] Specifically, the first communication device 110 is configured to have the following data processing flow: First, it can receive a first communication frame sent from other external or internal communication entities (such as the second communication device 120 or the third communication device 130). After receiving the first communication frame, the first communication device 110 performs a conversion step, that is, converting the first communication frame into a standard Protocol Data Unit (PDU) according to a specific protocol and rules. As a standardized data encapsulation form, the PDU helps to achieve data compatibility and interoperability between different communication devices. Further, the first communication device 110 converts the PDU into a second communication frame suitable for transmission on an optical fiber communication link / electrical communication link. Finally, the converted second communication frame is sent by the first communication device 110 to an external device (such as the second communication device 120 or the third communication device 130) through the optical fiber communication link / electrical communication link.
[0049] In one example, the first communication frame can be a communication frame based on an optical communication protocol sent by the second communication device, and the second communication frame can be a communication frame based on an electrical communication protocol to be received by the third communication device.
[0050] In another example, the first communication frame can be a communication frame based on an electrical communication protocol sent by a third communication device. In this case, the second communication frame can be a communication frame based on an optical communication protocol to be received by the second communication device.
[0051] For example, communication frames based on optical communication protocols may include XGEM frames and / or GEM frames; communication frames based on electrical communication protocols may include one or more of CAN frames, LIN frames, and Ethernet frames.
[0052] Optionally, the first communication device may include a first interface module and a second interface module.
[0053] In some embodiments, the first interface module is configured to receive a first communication frame. This communication frame may originate from other devices within the vehicular network or from an external communication network. Upon receiving the first communication frame, the first interface module parses and converts the frame according to preset protocols and rules, transforming it into a standard Protocol Data Unit (PDU) to ensure consistency and compatibility of data transmitted between different communication entities.
[0054] In some embodiments, the second interface module is configured to convert the converted PDU into a second communication frame and send the second communication frame. The second interface module needs to perform data transmission and synchronization with the first interface module, and the second interface module also needs to have the ability to encapsulate the PDU into a communication frame suitable for a specific communication protocol and link characteristics.
[0055] In one alternative implementation, the first interface module is designed as an optical communication interface for receiving communication frames based on an optical communication protocol. Simultaneously, the second interface module is designed as an electrical communication interface for converting the PDU into communication frames based on an electrical communication protocol and transmitting them via an electrical communication link.
[0056] In a specific embodiment, when the first communication device 110 receives a communication frame based on an optical communication protocol, the first interface module first parses and converts it to obtain a PDU. Then, the PDU is passed to the second interface module, which encapsulates it into a communication frame based on an electrical communication protocol and sends it out through the electrical communication link.
[0057] Among them, the optical communication protocol can be the 10-gigabit-capable symmetric passive optical network (XGS-PON) protocol.
[0058] For example, taking the first interface module as an optical communication interface and the second interface module as a CAN interface, XGEM frames can be received through the optical communication interface and converted into PDUs. At this time, the CAN interface can convert the PDUs into CAN frames and send the CAN frames.
[0059] In another alternative implementation, the first interface module is designed as an electrical communication interface for receiving communication frames based on electrical communication protocols. Simultaneously, the second interface module is designed as an optical communication interface for converting the PDU into communication frames based on optical communication protocols and transmitting them via an optical fiber communication link.
[0060] In a specific embodiment, when the first communication device 110 receives a communication frame based on an electrical communication protocol, the first interface module first parses and converts it to obtain a PDU. Then, the PDU is passed to the second interface module, which encapsulates it into a communication frame based on an optical communication protocol and sends it out through an optical fiber communication link.
[0061] For example, taking an Ethernet interface as the first interface module and an optical communication interface as the second interface module, Ethernet frames can be received through the Ethernet interface and converted into PDUs. At the same time, the optical communication interface can convert the PDUs into XGEM frames and send the XGEM frames.
[0062] In another alternative implementation, the first interface module is designed as an electrical communication interface for receiving communication frames of one type based on an electrical communication protocol. Simultaneously, the second interface module is also designed as an electrical communication interface for converting the PDU into another type of communication frame based on an electrical communication protocol and transmitting it via an electrical communication link.
[0063] In a specific embodiment, when the first communication device 110 receives a communication frame of one type based on an electrical communication protocol, the first interface module first parses and converts it to obtain a PDU. Then, the PDU is passed to the second interface module, which encapsulates it into another type of communication frame based on the electrical communication protocol and sends it out through the electrical communication link.
[0064] For example, taking an Ethernet interface as the first interface module and a LIN interface as the second interface module, Ethernet frames can be received through the Ethernet interface and converted into PDUs. At this time, the LIN interface can convert the PDUs into CAN frames and send the CAN frames.
[0065] Optionally, there can be multiple second interface modules. To enable data forwarding and routing among the multiple second interface modules, the first communication device further includes a forwarding module disposed between the first interface module and the second interface module. The forwarding module, acting as the central hub for data flow, is configured to forward the Protocol Data Units (PDUs) converted by the first interface module to a target second interface module among the multiple second interface modules.
[0066] For example, the forwarding module is configured to forward protocol data units to a target second interface module among a plurality of second interface modules based on a routing table.
[0067] The routing table is a database that stores routing information for multiple communication devices, including key information such as the address, port, and protocol type of each device. When the forwarding module receives a PDU, it determines the target second interface module based on the information in the routing table and forwards the PDU to that interface module.
[0068] Optionally, to construct and maintain the routing table, this invention proposes a dynamic update mechanism. This mechanism can monitor the communication status and device status in the vehicular network in real time, and update and optimize the routing table according to the actual situation, ensuring the accuracy and real-time performance of the routing table.
[0069] For example, the forwarding module can employ various algorithms and techniques to implement data forwarding and routing, such as the shortest path first algorithm and weighted routing algorithms. These algorithms and techniques can be selected and optimized according to the specific conditions and requirements of the vehicular network to achieve optimal data transmission performance and communication efficiency.
[0070] In some embodiments, after receiving a communication frame through the first interface module, the communication frame can be converted into a PDU and then sent to the forwarding module. The forwarding module searches for the routing information of the corresponding communication device in the routing table according to the communication device identifier carried by the PDU, and determines the second interface module corresponding to the communication device. Then, the second interface module converts the PDU into a communication frame and sends it to the communication device.
[0071] For example, taking the first interface module as the optical communication interface and multiple second interface modules including CAN interface, Ethernet interface, and LIN interface as examples, after receiving an XGEM frame through the optical communication interface, the XGEM frame can be converted into a PDU and sent to the forwarding module. Then, the forwarding module will determine the routing information of the communication device from the routing table based on the identifier of the communication device carried by the received PDU, and send the PDU to the CAN interface connected to the communication device. The CAN interface converts the PDU into a CAN frame and sends it to the communication device.
[0072] Optionally, the routing table is generated based on the routing information of the communication device connected to the second interface module.
[0073] In some embodiments, the forwarding module can obtain routing information of the communication device connected to the second interface module, and then generate a routing forwarding table based on the routing information.
[0074] In other embodiments, the forwarding module may pre-store routing information of the communication devices connected to each second interface module and generate a routing forwarding table.
[0075] For example, consider multiple second interface modules including CAN interface, Ethernet interface, and LIN interface. The CAN device connected via the CAN interface, the Ethernet device connected via the Ethernet interface, and the LIN device connected via the LIN interface can be stored in the forwarding module and a routing table can be generated.
[0076] For example, Table 1 is the routing table mentioned above. Table 1 only shows the routing information of some communication devices. In actual use, it may include the routing information of more or fewer communication devices.
[0077] Table 1
[0078] CAN interface Ethernet interface LIN interface Optical communication interface Ethernet devices CAN device CAN device CAN device LIN device LIN device Ethernet devices Ethernet devices Optical communication device Optical communication device Optical communication device LIN device
[0079] Optionally, the functions of the aforementioned interface module and forwarding module can be implemented through software modules.
[0080] like Figure 2The diagram shown is an architecture diagram of a software module in a communication device according to an embodiment of this application. The software module 200 includes a CAN If module 210, an Ethernet If module 220, a LIN If module 230, a Protocol Data Unit Router (PDUR) module 240, and a PON If module 250.
[0081] Among them, the CAN If module 210, Ethernet If module 220, LIN If module 230, and PON If module 250 are connected to the PDUR module 240 respectively.
[0082] In some embodiments, the CAN If module 210 can convert CAN frames into PDUs; the Ethernet If module 220 can convert Ethernet frames into PDUs; the LIN If module 230 can convert LIN frames into PDUs; and the PON If module 250 can convert XGEM frames into PDUs.
[0083] In one example, data from a CAN bus is transmitted to optical communication. CAN frames on the CAN bus are converted into PDUs by the CAN If module 210 and sent to the PDUR module 240. The PDUR module 240 forwards the PDUs to the PON If module 250 according to the routing table. The PON If module 250 converts the received PDUs into XGEM frames.
[0084] In another example, consider the transmission of data from optical communication to the LIN bus. XGEM frames in optical communication are converted into PDUs by the PON If module 250 and sent to the PDUR module 240. The PDUR module 240 forwards the PDUs to the LIN If module 230 according to the routing table. The LIN If module 230 then converts the received PDUs into LIN frames.
[0085] Optionally, the third communication device may include multiple third communication devices, which may respectively communicate electrically with the first communication device and the second communication device, and the first communication device and the second communication device may communicate optically.
[0086] For example, the first communication device can be a heterogeneous network communication device (such as a multi-protocol converter), the second communication device can also be a heterogeneous network communication device (such as a multi-protocol converter), and the plurality of third communication devices include four third communication devices (such as four ECUs).
[0087] Among them, the multi-protocol converter can be a field-programmable gate array (FPGA). The multi-protocol converter has network management, routing and forwarding, and protocol conversion functions, so that after receiving a signal, it can convert the signal into a protocol and forward it to other network devices.
[0088] like Figure 3 The diagram shown is an architecture diagram of another vehicle communication system provided in an embodiment of this application. The vehicle communication system 300 includes a heterogeneous network communication device 310, a heterogeneous network communication device 320, an ECU 311, an ECU 321, an ECU 322, and an ECU 323.
[0089] In some embodiments, ECU311 can communicate with heterogeneous network communication device 310 via Controller Area Network with Flexible Data Rate (CAN FD) 1, ECU321 can communicate with heterogeneous network communication device 320 via CAN FD2, ECU322 can communicate with heterogeneous network communication device 320 via Ethernet, ECU323 can communicate with heterogeneous network communication device 320 via LIN, and heterogeneous network communication device 310 can communicate with heterogeneous network communication device 320 via optical fiber.
[0090] In some embodiments, heterogeneous network communication devices can perform mutual conversion between optical communication frames and electrical communication frames.
[0091] In one example, combining Figure 3 Taking the interaction between ECU321 and ECU311 as an example, ECU321 first sends a CAN frame. After the heterogeneous network communication device 320 receives the CAN frame, it is passed to the CAN If module in the heterogeneous network communication device 320, which converts the CAN frame into a PDU and then uploads it to the PDUR module. The PDUR module forwards the PDU to the corresponding PON If module according to the routing table. The PON If module converts the PDU into an XGEM frame. After further encapsulation, the XGEM frame is sent to the heterogeneous network communication device 310 via optical fiber. The XGEM frame is passed to the PON If module in the heterogeneous network communication device 310. The PON If module converts the XGEM frame into a PDU and sends it to the PDUR module. The PDUR module sends the PDU to the corresponding CAN If module according to the routing table. The CAN If module converts the PDU into a CAN frame and sends it to ECU311.
[0092] In another example, combining Figure 3Taking the interaction between ECU322 and ECU311 as an example, ECU322 first sends an Ethernet frame. After the heterogeneous network communication device 320 receives the Ethernet frame, it is passed to the Ethernet If module in the heterogeneous network communication device 320, which converts the Ethernet frame into a PDU and then uploads it to the PDUR module. The PDUR module forwards the PDU to the corresponding PON If module according to the routing table. The PON If module converts the PDU into an XGEM frame. After further encapsulation, the XGEM frame is sent to the heterogeneous network communication device 310 via optical fiber. The XGEM frame is passed to the PON If module in the heterogeneous network communication device 310. The PON If module converts the XGEM frame into a PDU and sends it to the PDUR module. The PDUR module sends the PDU to the corresponding CAN If module according to the routing table. The CAN If module converts the PDU into a CAN frame and then sends it to ECU311.
[0093] In another example, combined Figure 3 Taking the interaction between ECU323 and ECU311 as an example, ECU323 first sends a LIN frame. After the heterogeneous network communication device 320 receives the LIN frame, it is passed to the LIN If module in the heterogeneous network communication device 320, which converts the LIN frame into a PDU and then uploads it to the PDUR module. The PDUR module forwards the PDU to the corresponding PON If module according to the routing table. The PON If module converts the PDU into an XGEM frame. After further encapsulation, the XGEM frame is sent to the heterogeneous network communication device 310 via optical fiber. The XGEM frame is passed to the PON If module in the heterogeneous network communication device 310. The PON If module converts the XGEM frame into a PDU and sends it to the PDUR module. The PDUR module sends the PDU to the corresponding CAN If module according to the routing table. The CAN If module converts the PDU into a CAN frame and then sends it to ECU311.
[0094] In the vehicle communication system provided in this application embodiment, on the one hand, since optical signals are transmitted in optical fibers and optical signals do not exhibit electromagnetic interference, this application can avoid the impact of electromagnetic interference on data transmission and improve data transmission efficiency by using optical fiber communication between the first and second communication devices. On the other hand, by setting a unified protocol data unit, when transmitting data between the optical communication protocol interface and the electrical communication protocol interface, the communication frames of each communication protocol can be converted into protocol data units first, realizing the conversion and transmission of data between different protocols, further improving data transmission efficiency.
[0095] Combination Figure 2 ,like Figure 4The diagram shown is a schematic representation of a routing and forwarding architecture provided in an embodiment of this application. The routing and forwarding architecture 400 includes an interaction layer 410, a data link layer 420, and a physical layer 430.
[0096] In some embodiments, the interaction layer 410 may include a PDUR module 411 and a communication port (COM) 412. The PDUR module 411 is responsible for handling protocol conversion and encapsulation of data to ensure that data can be transmitted smoothly between different network layers; the COM 412 serves as an interface for communicating with external devices or networks and is responsible for data input and output operations.
[0097] In some embodiments, the data link layer 420 is located between the interaction layer 410 and the physical layer 430. The data link layer 420 includes multiple software modules, each corresponding to different types of communication protocols and interfaces, including CAN If (Controller Area Network Interface) module 421, LIN If (Local Interconnect Network Interface) module 422, Ethernet If (Ethernet Interface) module 423, and PON If (Passive Optical Network Interface) module 424.
[0098] Specifically, multiple software modules in the data link layer 420 are responsible for tasks such as encapsulation, decapsulation, error detection and correction of data frames under their respective protocols, ensuring the integrity and accuracy of data during transmission.
[0099] In some embodiments, the physical layer 430 is the bottom layer of the routing and forwarding architecture 400, responsible for the actual data transmission. The physical layer 430 includes hardware interfaces corresponding to the software modules in the data link layer 420, specifically including a CAN interface 431, a LIN interface 432, an Ethernet interface 433, and a PON interface 434. These interfaces are connected to external devices or networks via physical media (such as cables, optical fibers, etc.) to achieve physical data transmission.
[0100] In some embodiments, each interface in the physical layer 430 can not only communicate directly with the outside world, but also transmit uplink and downlink data with the PDUR module 411 in the interaction layer 410 through their respective software modules in the data link layer 420.
[0101] Thus, this layered design gives the Router Forwarding Architecture 400 a high degree of flexibility and scalability, enabling it to easily adapt to data transmission needs in different application scenarios.
[0102] The following is combined Figures 1 to 4 Please refer to the following Figure 5 The communication method provided in the embodiments of this application is described.
[0103] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of a communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. The entity executing this method can be one of the above-described entities. Figure 1 The first communication device described in part may also refer to various devices / modules within the first communication device, such as integrated circuits or chips. This application does not specifically limit this.
[0104] For example, such as Figure 5 As shown, the communication method provided in this application embodiment may include the following S501 to S503:
[0105] S501, The first communication device receives the first communication frame.
[0106] In one example, the first communication frame can be a communication frame based on an optical communication protocol. For example, the first communication frame can be an XGEM frame.
[0107] In another example, the first communication frame can be a communication frame based on an electrical communication protocol. For example, the first communication frame can be a CAN frame; it can also be a LIN frame; or it can be an Ethernet frame.
[0108] S502, the first communication device converts the first communication frame into a protocol data unit, and then converts the protocol data unit into a second communication frame.
[0109] In one example, if the first communication frame is a communication frame based on an optical communication protocol, the second communication frame is a communication frame based on an electrical communication protocol. For example, the second communication frame can be a CAN frame, a LIN frame, or an Ethernet frame.
[0110] In another example, where the first communication frame is a communication frame based on an electrical communication protocol, the second communication frame is a communication frame based on an optical communication protocol. For example, the second communication frame could be an XGEM frame.
[0111] S503, the first communication device sends the second communication frame.
[0112] In one optional implementation, the first communication device may receive an XGEM frame sent by the second communication device, convert the XGEM frame into a PDU, further convert the PDU into a CAN frame / LIN frame / Ethernet frame, and finally send the CAN frame / LIN frame / Ethernet frame to the third communication device.
[0113] In another optional implementation, the first communication device may receive CAN frames / LIN frames / Ethernet frames sent by the third communication device, convert the CAN frames / LIN frames / Ethernet frames into PDUs, further convert the PDUs into GEM frames, and finally send the GEM frames to the second communication device.
[0114] In the communication method provided in this application embodiment, by setting a unified protocol data unit, when transmitting data between the optical communication protocol interface and the electrical communication protocol interface, the communication frames of each communication protocol can be converted into protocol data units first, realizing the conversion and transmission of data between different protocols, thereby improving data transmission efficiency.
[0115] In an exemplary embodiment, an electronic and electrical system is also provided, including the vehicle communication system described in the above embodiments.
[0116] In an exemplary embodiment, a communication device is also provided, comprising: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the method described above.
[0117] In an exemplary embodiment, a vehicle is also provided, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. The processor executes the computer program to implement the communication method described in the above embodiments.
[0118] Optionally, the vehicle may include the electronic and electrical systems described in the above embodiments, and / or the communication devices described in the above embodiments.
[0119] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium including instructions is also provided, such as instructions that can be executed by a computer to implement the communication method in the above embodiments.
[0120] Optionally, the computer-readable storage medium may be a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, such as a read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), CD-ROM, magnetic tape, floppy disk, and optical data storage device.
[0121] In an exemplary embodiment, this application also provides a computer program product including one or more instructions, which can be executed by a computer to perform the communication method in the above embodiments.
[0122] It should be noted that when one or more instructions in the computer-readable storage medium or computer program product are executed by the processor of a computer, they implement the various processes of the above method embodiments and achieve the same technical effect as the above method. To avoid repetition, they will not be described again here.
[0123] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, only the division of the above functional modules is used as an example. In actual applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above.
[0124] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, vehicles, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the system embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of modules or units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another device, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces, or indirect coupling or communication connection between devices or units, and may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.
[0125] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. A component shown as a unit can be one or more physical units; that is, it can be located in one place or distributed in multiple different locations. Some or all of the classified units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment, depending on actual needs.
[0126] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.
[0127] If the integrated unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the embodiments of this application, essentially, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a complete or partial classification of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a device (which may be a microcontroller, chip, etc.) or processor to execute all or part of the steps of the methods of the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, ROM, RAM, magnetic disks, or optical disks.
[0128] The above are merely specific embodiments of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A vehicle-mounted communication system, characterized in that, include: A first communication device, a second communication device, and a third communication device; The first communication device communicates with the second communication device via optical fiber, and the first communication device communicates with the third communication device via electrical communication. The first communication device is configured to receive a first communication frame; The first communication frame is converted into a protocol data unit; the protocol data unit is converted into a second communication frame; the second communication frame is sent. Wherein, the first communication frame is a communication frame based on an optical communication protocol sent by the second communication device, and the second communication frame is a communication frame based on an electrical communication protocol to be received by the third communication device; or, The first communication frame is a communication frame based on an electrical communication protocol sent by the third communication device, and the second communication frame is a communication frame based on an optical communication protocol to be received by the second communication device.
2. The vehicle-mounted communication system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The communication frames based on the electrical communication protocol include at least one of the following: Controller Area Network (CAN) frames, Local Interconnect Network (LIN) frames, and Ethernet frames.
3. The vehicle-mounted communication system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The communication frames based on the optical communication protocol include at least one of the following: 10 Gigabit Passive Optical Network Encapsulation Mode (XGEM) frames and Gigabit Passive Optical Network Encapsulation Mode (GEM) frames.
4. The vehicle-mounted communication system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first communication device includes: The first interface module is configured to receive a first communication frame and convert the first communication frame into a protocol data unit. The second interface module is configured to: convert the protocol data unit into a second communication frame; and send the second communication frame.
5. The vehicle-mounted communication system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The second interface module may be multiple; the first communication device may also include a forwarding module disposed between the first interface module and the second interface module; The forwarding module is configured to forward the protocol data unit to a target second interface module among the plurality of second interface modules.
6. The vehicle-mounted communication system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The forwarding module is specifically configured to: forward the protocol data unit to the target second interface module among the plurality of second interface modules based on the routing table.
7. The vehicle-mounted communication system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The routing table is generated based on the routing information of the communication device connected to the second interface module.
8. The vehicle-mounted communication system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The first communication device is a multi-protocol converter, the second communication device is a multi-protocol converter, and the third communication device is an electronic control unit (ECU).
9. A communication method, characterized in that, The method includes: The first communication device receives the first communication frame; The first communication device converts the first communication frame into a protocol data unit; and the protocol data unit into a second communication frame. The first communication device sends the second communication frame; Wherein, the first communication frame is a communication frame based on an optical communication protocol sent by the second communication device, and the second communication frame is a communication frame based on an electrical communication protocol to be received by the third communication device; or, The first communication frame is a communication frame based on an electrical communication protocol sent by the third communication device, and the second communication frame is a communication frame based on an optical communication protocol to be received by the second communication device.
10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The communication frames based on the electrical communication protocol include at least one of the following: CAN frame, LIN frame, and Ethernet frame.
11. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The communication frames based on the optical communication protocol include at least one of the following: XGEM frames and GEM frames.
12. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The first communication device is a multi-protocol converter, the second communication device is a multi-protocol converter, and the third communication device is an ECU.
13. An electronic and electrical system, characterized in that, Including the vehicle communication system as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.
14. A communication device, characterized in that, include: A memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, the processor executing the program to implement the method as claimed in any one of claims 9 to 12.
15. A vehicle, characterized in that, Includes the electronic and electrical system as described in claim 13, and / or the communication device as described in claim 14.
16. A computer-readable storage medium storing instructions, characterized in that, When the computer executes the instruction, the computer performs the method as described in any one of claims 9 to 12.
17. A computer program product, the computer program product comprising instructions, characterized in that, When the instructions are executed on a computer, the computer performs the method as described in any one of claims 9 to 12.