Bone conduction bass earphone and method based on circuit frequency division mode

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of bone conduction earphones, in particular to a bone conduction bass earphone and method based on a circuit frequency division mode, and the method comprises the steps: collecting a motion state signal of a wearer in real time through a fitting induction module disposed on one surface, fitting a human body, of the earphone in a wearing state of the earphone; the fitting sensing module detects the pressure or temperature change of the contact surface of the earphone and the human body, judges whether the wearer is in a motion state and the motion type at present, controls the earphone to produce sound in a pure bone conduction mode if the wearer is detected to be in a first motion state, and controls the earphone to produce sound in a pure bone conduction mode if the wearer is detected to be in a second motion state; according to the invention, when the low-frequency performance needs to be highlighted, the system can accurately reinforce the driving of the bone conduction unit to the bass frequency band, and the overall vibration does not need to be excessively enhanced in order to take care of the overall loudness. And the natural advantages of natural tone restoration and rich details in the middle-high pitch frequency band by means of gas conduction can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bone conduction headphone technology, specifically to a bone conduction bass headphone and method based on circuit frequency division. Background Technology

[0002] Bone conduction headphones are a type of headphone that transmits sound directly to the inner ear through vibrations of the skull, bypassing the outer and middle ear. They transmit sound waves by fitting against the temporal or zygomatic bone, bypassing the eardrum. They are suitable for people with hearing loss or sensitive ear canals. Compared to traditional headphones, bone conduction headphones do not block the ear canal when worn, allowing you to hear ambient sounds at the same time. They are also safer and are widely used, especially during outdoor sports or cycling. Traditional bone conduction headphones, based on the inherent physical characteristics of bone conduction technology, often increase vibration intensity in practical use to compensate for the insufficient efficiency of low-frequency signal transmission in bone. This directly leads to excessive perceptible vibration, creating a contradiction between sound quality and wearing experience, which seriously restricts their application in everyday high-quality audio listening scenarios. Therefore, to address the above problems, a bone conduction bass headphone and method based on circuit crossover is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a bone conduction bass headphone and method based on circuit frequency division, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A bone conduction bass headphone and method based on circuit frequency division, wherein when the headphone is worn, a contact sensing module set on the side of the headphone that is in contact with the human body collects the wearer's motion state signal in real time; The fit sensing module detects the pressure or temperature changes of the contact surface between the earphone and the human body to determine whether the wearer is currently in motion and the type of motion. If the wearer is detected to be in the first motion state, the earphone is controlled to emit sound in pure bone conduction mode. If the wearer is detected to be in the second motion state, the earphone is controlled to emit sound in a mixed mode of bone conduction and air conduction, and the ratio of bone conduction to air conduction is adjustable. The headphones are equipped with a switching button for manually adjusting the energy ratio between bone conduction and air conduction. A control module is connected to one side of the earphone. The control module updates the drive signal in real time according to the switch button position, and is used to control the earphone to update the sound crossover weight in real time according to the switch button position. The headphones are provided with a plug-in port. When a speaker module is plugged into the plug-in port, the headphones switch to pure air conduction mode and activate a vibration suppression mechanism to reduce the mechanical amplitude of the sound-generating components in the headphones. In this state, the control module shields the trigger command of the switching button.

[0005] As a further optimization of the present invention, the fit sensing module is used to collect human motion data, which includes acceleration value, vibration frequency value and heart rate value.

[0006] As a further optimization of the present invention, the control module synchronously acquires the raw data of the triaxial accelerometer and the PPG heart rate sensor at a sampling frequency of 32Hz through the bonding sensing module, and maintains a sliding window with a length of 10s, in which the most recent 320 sets of acceleration samples and 320 sets of heart rate samples are retained.

[0007] As a further optimization of the present invention, the control module analyzes the samples within the window, including the following steps: S1: Calculation of the rate of change of acceleration: S11: The formula for the magnitude of the triaxial acceleration vector within the sliding window is as follows: S12: The instantaneous rate of change of acceleration is obtained by performing a first-order difference, as shown in the following formula: S13: Calculation window root mean square value As an indicator of overall jitter intensity, the formula is as follows: S2: Calculation of heart rate variability: S21: Heart rate sequence within the sliding window The instantaneous rate of change of heart rate is obtained by performing a first-order difference, as shown in the following formula: S22: Then calculate the window... root mean square value As an indicator of the intensity of heart rate fluctuations, the formula is as follows: S3: Normalization and Weighted Fusion: S31: Yes and Perform separately Normalization to ,get and The formula is as follows: S32: Use preset weighting coefficients , Linear fusion is performed to generate a motion intensity index, as shown in the following formula: S4: State determination: If three consecutive sliding windows If so, it is determined to be the first motion state; If three consecutive sliding windows If so, it is determined to be the second motion state; The remaining intervals are considered transitional states, and the judgment results from the previous cycle remain unchanged; S5: Threshold self-learning update: The headphones automatically collect user history data every 24 hours of use. The distribution was adjusted, and the decision thresholds of 0.65 and 0.35 were recalculated and updated to accommodate individual differences in movement.

[0008] As a further optimization of the present invention, the ratio of bone conduction to air conduction includes at least three adjustable levels, namely bone conduction-dominant sound transmission (70% bone conduction + 30% air conduction), balanced mixed sound transmission (50% bone conduction and 50% air conduction), and air conduction-dominant sound transmission (30% bone conduction + 70% air conduction).

[0009] As a further optimization of the present invention, when bone conduction and air conduction are combined for sound transmission, the low-frequency band of the audio signal is allocated to the bone conduction sound unit in the headphones through a circuit frequency division circuit, and the mid-high frequency band is allocated to the speaker hole opened on the headphones. The low-frequency band is the 20Hz-200Hz frequency band of the audio signal, and the mid-high frequency band is the 200Hz-8kHz frequency band of the audio signal.

[0010] As a further optimization of this invention, when the speaker module is fully inserted, the contacts are short-circuited into two or more independent circuits, and the control module detects that the resistance of each circuit is less than [a certain value]. If the speaker module is found to be plugged in successfully, immediately proceed with the following steps: S1: Turn off the drive of the bone conduction unit; S2: Input interface circuit for shielding the switching button; S3: Activate the headphone vibration suppression mechanism to increase the damping resistance parameter of the sound-generating component inside the headphone; as a further optimization of the present invention, wherein: the headphone has a contact sensing module on one side; The speaker grille is located on the earphone shell; The switch button is located on the surface of the earphone body; Plug-in holes for detachable connection of speaker modules; The control module is used to control the ratio of bone conduction to air conduction in the headphones based on the signals from the fit sensing module and the input from the switching button.

[0011] As a further optimization of the present invention, the following features are provided: the fit sensing module includes a triaxial accelerometer and a PPG heart rate sensor, and the sensing end of the fit sensing module is embedded in the flexible silicone pad on its fit side; the control module integrates a microprocessor, a circuit frequency division unit, and a drive unit; the microprocessor is electrically connected to the fit sensing module and is used to receive the raw data it collects and analyze the motion state according to preset rules; the circuit frequency division unit can divide the audio signal into a low-frequency band of 20Hz-200Hz and a mid-high frequency band of 200Hz–8kHz; the drive unit is connected to the bone conduction sound unit and the air conduction sound unit corresponding to the speaker hole, respectively, to achieve precise driving of the corresponding frequency band signal; the plug shell of the speaker module is provided with multiple metal identification terminals; elastic contacts are arranged in the headphone jack; the elastic contacts are arranged in the jack and are electrically connected to the control module.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. In this invention, by introducing a hybrid sound transmission mechanism based on circuit frequency division, when it is necessary to highlight the low-frequency performance, the system can accurately enhance the drive of the bone conduction unit to the low-frequency band without excessively enhancing the overall vibration in order to take care of the overall loudness. It can also take advantage of the natural advantages of air conduction in the mid-to-high frequency band in terms of natural timbre reproduction and rich details, thus complementing the timbre distortion problem that bone conduction may have in this frequency band.

[0013] 2. In this invention, through a multi-sensor fusion perception and adaptive control system, the headphones are transformed from passive sound playback devices into wearable devices that can sense the user's state, understand the usage scenario, and actively optimize the sound strategy. This allows the headphones to meet the safety requirements of outdoor sports, as well as the sound quality requirements of daily commuting and indoor listening scenarios, achieving seamless switching across all scenarios and greatly expanding the applicability of bone conduction headphones.

[0014] 3. This invention provides a triple flexible adjustment mechanism to achieve optimal mode switching for a single device in multiple scenarios. First, it provides automatic mode switching based on motion state, eliminating the need for manual operation by the user and adapting to fast-paced motion scenarios. Second, it provides a switching button to allow users to manually adjust the energy ratio of bone conduction and air conduction according to their subjective needs, satisfying different sound quality preferences. Third, through the combination of the plug-in hole and the plug-in speaker module, it can quickly switch to pure air conduction mode, adapting to scenarios such as indoor quiet listening and high-quality music appreciation. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the installation position structure of the plug-in speaker module of the present invention.

[0016] In the diagram: 1. Headphones; 2. Control module; 3. Fit sensor module; 4. Switch button; 5. Speaker hole; 6. Plug-in hole; 7. Plug-in speaker module. Detailed Implementation

[0017] Please see Figures 1-2 The present invention provides a technical solution: A bone conduction bass headphone and method based on circuit frequency division, wherein when the headphone is worn, a contact sensing module set on the side of the headphone that is in contact with the human body collects the wearer's motion state signal in real time; The fit sensing module detects the pressure or temperature changes of the contact surface between the earphone and the human body to determine whether the wearer is currently in motion and the type of motion. If the wearer is detected to be in the first motion state, the earphone is controlled to emit sound in pure bone conduction mode. If the wearer is detected to be in the second motion state, the earphone is controlled to emit sound in a mixed mode of bone conduction and air conduction, and the ratio of bone conduction to air conduction is adjustable. The headphones are equipped with a switching button for manually adjusting the energy ratio between bone conduction and air conduction. A control module is connected to one side of the earphone. The control module updates the drive signal in real time according to the switch button position, and is used to control the earphone to update the sound crossover weight in real time according to the switch button position. The headphones are provided with a plug-in port. When a speaker module is plugged into the plug-in port, the headphones switch to pure air conduction mode and activate a vibration suppression mechanism to reduce the mechanical amplitude of the sound-generating components in the headphones. In this state, the control module shields the trigger command of the switching button.

[0018] As a further implementation of this solution, the fit sensing module is used to collect human motion data, which includes acceleration values, vibration frequency values, and heart rate values.

[0019] As a further implementation of this solution, the control module synchronously acquires raw data from the triaxial accelerometer and PPG heart rate sensor at a sampling frequency of 32Hz through the bonding sensing module, and maintains a sliding window with a length of 10s, retaining the most recent 320 acceleration samples and 320 heart rate samples within the window.

[0020] As a further implementation of this solution, the control method for a bone conduction bass headphone based on circuit frequency division according to claim 3 is characterized in that: the control module analyzes the samples within the window, including the following steps: S1: Calculation of the rate of change of acceleration: S11: The formula for the magnitude of the triaxial acceleration vector within the sliding window is as follows: S12: The instantaneous rate of change of acceleration is obtained by performing a first-order difference, as shown in the following formula: S13: Calculation window root mean square value As an indicator of overall jitter intensity, the formula is as follows: S2: Calculation of heart rate variability: S21: Heart rate sequence within the sliding window The instantaneous rate of change of heart rate is obtained by performing a first-order difference, as shown in the following formula: S22: Then calculate the window... root mean square value As an indicator of the intensity of heart rate fluctuations, the formula is as follows: S3: Normalization and Weighted Fusion: S31: Yes and Perform separately Normalization to ,get and The formula is as follows: S32: Use preset weighting coefficients , Linear fusion is performed to generate a motion intensity index, as shown in the following formula: S4: State determination: If three consecutive sliding windows If so, it is determined to be the first motion state; If three consecutive sliding windows If so, it is determined to be the second motion state; The remaining intervals are considered transitional states, and the judgment results from the previous cycle remain unchanged; S5: Threshold self-learning update: The headphones automatically collect user history data every 24 hours of use. The distribution was adjusted, and the decision thresholds of 0.65 and 0.35 were recalculated and updated to accommodate individual differences in movement.

[0021] As a further implementation of this solution, the ratio of bone conduction to air conduction includes at least three adjustable levels: bone conduction-dominant sound transmission (70% bone conduction + 30% air conduction), balanced mixed sound transmission (50% bone conduction and 50% air conduction), and air conduction-dominant sound transmission (30% bone conduction + 70% air conduction).

[0022] As a further implementation of this solution, when bone conduction and air conduction are combined for sound transmission, the low-frequency band of the audio signal is allocated to the bone conduction sound unit in the headphones through a circuit frequency division circuit, and the mid-high frequency band is allocated to the speaker holes opened on the headphones. The low-frequency band is the 20Hz-200Hz frequency band of the audio signal, and the mid-high frequency band is the 200Hz-8kHz frequency band of the audio signal.

[0023] As a further implementation of this solution, when the speaker module is fully inserted, the contacts are short-circuited into two or more independent circuits, and the control module detects that the resistance of each circuit is less than [a certain value]. If the speaker module is found to be plugged in successfully, immediately proceed with the following steps: S1: Turn off the drive of the bone conduction unit, increase the gain of the air conduction unit, and realize the pure air conduction mode; S2: The input interface circuit of the switch button is blocked, so that the pressing operation of the switch button cannot generate a valid trigger command, and the pure gas conduction mode is locked. S3: Activate the headphone vibration suppression mechanism to increase the damping resistance parameter of the internal sound-generating components of the headphone, limiting the overall mechanical amplitude of the headphone to the range of 20µm-50µm; As a further implementation of this solution, the earphone has a fit sensing module on one side; a speaker hole located on the earphone shell; a switch button located on the surface of the earphone body; a plug hole for detachably connecting and plugging in the speaker module; and a control module for controlling the ratio of bone conduction and air conduction sound production in the earphone based on the signal from the fit sensing module and the input from the switch button.

[0024] As a further implementation of this solution, the fit sensing module includes a triaxial accelerometer and a PPG heart rate sensor. The sensing end of the fit sensing module is embedded in a flexible silicone pad on its fit side. The control module integrates a microprocessor, a circuit frequency division unit, and a drive unit. The microprocessor is electrically connected to the fit sensing module and is used to receive the raw data it collects and analyze the motion state according to preset rules. The circuit frequency division unit can divide the audio signal into a low-frequency band of 20Hz-200Hz and a mid-high frequency band of 200Hz-8kHz. The drive unit is connected to the bone conduction sound unit and the air conduction sound unit corresponding to the speaker hole, respectively, to achieve precise driving of the corresponding frequency band signal. The plug shell of the speaker module is provided with multiple metal identification terminals. The headphone jack is provided with corresponding elastic contacts. The jack is provided with elastic contacts, which are electrically connected to the control module to detect the plugging status of the speaker module and adapt to the switching control of pure air conduction mode.

[0025] This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that due to the limitations of textual expression, while there are objectively infinite specific structures, those skilled in the art can make several improvements, modifications, or changes without departing from the principles of the present invention, and can also combine the above technical features in an appropriate manner. These improvements, modifications, changes, or combinations, or the direct application of the inventive concept and technical solution to other situations without modification, should all be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A control method for bone conduction bass headphones based on circuit frequency division, applied to headphones, characterized in that: When the headphones are worn, a contact sensing module located on the side of the headphones that fits against the body collects the wearer's motion signals in real time. The fit sensing module detects the pressure or temperature changes of the contact surface between the earphone and the human body to determine whether the wearer is currently in motion and the type of motion. If the wearer is detected to be in the first motion state, the earphone is controlled to emit sound in pure bone conduction mode. If the wearer is detected to be in the second motion state, the earphone is controlled to emit sound in a mixed mode of bone conduction and air conduction, and the ratio of bone conduction to air conduction is adjustable. The headphones are equipped with a switching button for manually adjusting the energy ratio between bone conduction and air conduction. A control module is connected to one side of the earphone. The control module updates the drive signal in real time according to the switch button position, and is used to control the earphone to update the sound crossover weight in real time according to the switch button position. The headphones are provided with a plug-in port. When a speaker module is plugged into the plug-in port, the headphones switch to pure air conduction mode and activate a vibration suppression mechanism to reduce the mechanical amplitude of the sound-generating components in the headphones. In this state, the control module shields the trigger command of the switching button.

2. The control method for a bone conduction bass headphone based on circuit frequency division according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fit sensing module is used to collect human motion data, which includes acceleration values, vibration frequency values, and heart rate values.

3. A control method for bone conduction bass headphones based on circuit frequency division according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that: The control module synchronously acquires raw data from the triaxial accelerometer and PPG heart rate sensor at a sampling frequency of 32Hz through the bonding sensing module, and maintains a sliding window with a length of 10s, retaining the most recent 320 acceleration samples and 320 heart rate samples within the window.

4. The control method for a bone conduction bass headphone based on circuit frequency division according to claim 3, characterized in that: The control module analyzes the samples within the window, including the following steps: S1: Calculation of the rate of change of acceleration: S11: The formula for the magnitude of the triaxial acceleration vector within the sliding window is as follows: S12: The instantaneous rate of change of acceleration is obtained by performing a first-order difference, as shown in the following formula: S13: Calculation window root mean square value As an indicator of overall jitter intensity, the formula is as follows: S2: Calculation of heart rate variability: S21: Heart rate sequence within the sliding window The instantaneous rate of change of heart rate is obtained by performing a first-order difference, as shown in the following formula: S22: Then calculate the window... root mean square value As an indicator of the intensity of heart rate fluctuations, the formula is as follows: S3: Normalization and Weighted Fusion: S31: Yes and Perform separately Normalization to ,get and The formula is as follows: S32: Use preset weighting coefficients , Linear fusion is performed to generate a motion intensity index, as shown in the following formula: S4: State determination: If three consecutive sliding windows If so, it is determined to be the first motion state; If three consecutive sliding windows If so, it is determined to be the second motion state; The remaining intervals are considered transitional states, and the judgment results from the previous cycle remain unchanged; S5: Threshold self-learning update: The headphones automatically collect user history data every 24 hours of use. The distribution was adjusted, and the decision thresholds of 0.65 and 0.35 were recalculated and updated to accommodate individual differences in movement.

5. The control method for a bone conduction bass headphone based on circuit frequency division according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ratio of bone conduction to air conduction is adjustable in at least three levels: bone conduction-dominant (70% bone conduction + 30% air conduction), balanced mixed sound transmission (50% bone conduction and 50% air conduction), and air conduction-dominant (30% bone conduction + 70% air conduction).

6. The control method for a bone conduction bass headphone based on circuit frequency division according to claim 1, characterized in that: When bone conduction and air conduction are combined for sound transmission, the low-frequency band of the audio signal is allocated to the bone conduction sound unit in the headphones through a frequency division circuit, and the mid-to-high frequency band is allocated to the speaker holes opened on the headphones. The low-frequency band is the 20Hz-200Hz frequency band of the audio signal, and the mid-to-high frequency band is the 200Hz-8kHz frequency band of the audio signal.

7. The control method for a bone conduction bass headphone based on circuit frequency division according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the speaker module is fully inserted, the contacts are shorted into two or more independent circuits, and the control module detects that the resistance of each circuit is less than [value missing]. If the speaker module is found to be plugged in successfully, immediately proceed with the following steps: S1: Turn off the drive of the bone conduction unit; S2: Input interface circuit for shielding the switching button; S3: Activate the headphone vibration suppression mechanism, which increases the damping resistance parameter of the internal sound-generating components of the headphone.

8. A bone conduction bass headphone based on a circuit crossover method, used to implement the method described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that: The earphones have a contact sensor module on one side; The speaker grille is located on the earphone shell; The switch button is located on the surface of the earphone body; Plug-in holes for detachable connection of speaker modules; The control module is used to control the ratio of bone conduction to air conduction in the headphones based on the signals from the fit sensing module and the input from the switching button.

9. The control method for a bone conduction bass headphone based on circuit frequency division according to claim 8, characterized in that: The fit sensing module includes a triaxial accelerometer and a PPG heart rate sensor. The sensing end of the fit sensing module is embedded in a flexible silicone pad on its fit side. The control module integrates a microprocessor, a circuit frequency division unit, and a drive unit. The microprocessor is electrically connected to the fit sensing module and is used to receive the raw data it collects and analyze the motion state according to preset rules. The circuit frequency division unit can divide the audio signal into a low-frequency band of 20Hz-200Hz and a mid-high frequency band of 200Hz-8kHz. The drive unit is connected to the bone conduction sound unit and the air conduction sound unit corresponding to the speaker hole, respectively, to achieve precise driving of the corresponding frequency band signal. The plug shell of the speaker module is provided with multiple metal identification terminals. The headphone jack is provided with corresponding elastic contacts, and the elastic contacts are electrically connected to the control module.

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