Efficient planting method for Hongyang tea trees

Abstract

The invention relates to an efficient planting method for Hongyang tea trees, and belongs to the technical field of tea tree planting. The efficient planting method comprises the following steps: 1) land preparation: selecting an acid soil land, digging a planting hole, putting a backing material into the planting hole, mixing the dug soil with a breathable material, and spraying a nutrient solution to obtain a soil material; 2) planting: putting the selected tea tree seedlings into the centers of the planting holes, spreading the roots of the tea tree seedlings, then putting soil materials into the planting holes for ridging, compacting the soil after the planting holes are filled with the soil materials, and regularly watering to keep the humidity of the soil. According to the efficient planting method for the Honghuang tea, appropriate acid laterite plots are selected, standardized plot preparation, scientific field planting operation and an ecological nutrition supply system are integrated, and efficient field planting and robust growth in the seedling stage of the tea seedlings are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of tea tree cultivation, and relates to an efficient cultivation method for Hongyin tea trees. Background Technology

[0002] Oolong tea, with its unique flavor and high nutritional value, is experiencing a continuous increase in market demand. Hongyin tea, a distinctive and high-quality oolong tea variety, is best suited for cultivation in acidic soils at high altitudes, primarily in mountainous regions. Developing the Hongyin tea cultivation industry is not only an important way to optimize the agricultural industrial structure in mountainous areas, but also a key measure to increase farmers' income and promote rural revitalization.

[0003] Currently, in the process of large-scale cultivation of Hongyin tea, the supporting planting techniques still face many technical challenges, which seriously limit the survival rate of tea seedlings, seedling growth vigor, and subsequent tea yield and quality improvement. The acidic soil in the core planting area of ​​Hongyin tea generally suffers from soil compaction and poor aeration. At the same time, the soil is prone to accumulating excessive active aluminum ions, which directly inhibits the elongation and division of tea seedling roots, resulting in poor root development and reduced nutrient absorption capacity. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a highly efficient planting method for red tea trees. This method selects suitable acidic red soil plots and integrates standardized plot preparation, scientific planting operations, and an ecological nutrient supply system to achieve efficient planting and robust growth of tea seedlings.

[0005] This invention produces a nutrient solution combined with a special substrate prepared from the extracted filter residue, achieving full resource utilization of raw materials and providing a slow-release supply of organic matter and mineral nutrients. Through the synergistic effect of stress resistance and antibacterial properties, along with basic nutrition and the slow-release substrate, the rhizosphere growth environment of the Hongyin tea seedlings is comprehensively optimized, significantly improving the survival rate of tea seedlings, promoting seedling height growth, and achieving efficient and ecological cultivation of Hongyin tea.

[0007] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: An efficient cultivation method for redbud tea trees includes the following steps: 1) Site preparation: Select an acidic soil site, dig planting holes and put in the base material, then mix the excavated soil with the aeration material and spray with nutrient solution to obtain soil material; 2) Planting: Place the selected tea seedling in the center of the planting hole, spread out the roots of the tea seedling, then put soil into the planting hole to cover it, and after filling it, tamp the soil down. Water regularly to keep the soil moist.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the acidic soil plot in step 1) is red soil, yellow soil or yellow soil, and the parameters for digging the planting hole are a row spacing of 1.2-1.5m, a plant spacing between tea trees in the same row of 0.8-1.2m, and a hole depth of 30-40cm. The altitude of the acidic soil plot is 700-1000m, the slope is ≤25°, the pH value is 4.8-6.2, the relative moisture content is 72-78%, and the amount of base material added in each planting hole is 1.0-1.5kg.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the preparation of the breathable material in step 1) includes crushing corn stalks, mixing them with pine needles and rice husks in a weight ratio of 0.7-1.0:0.2-0.4:0.1-0.2, treating them at a high temperature of 110-130℃ for 8-12 minutes, and then cooling them to complete the preparation.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, step 2) involves maintaining the soil moisture at 40-50%.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the nutrient solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 18-22 parts of decomposed straw powder, 8-10 parts of rapeseed cake, 4-5 parts of decomposed sheep manure, 3.0-3.5 parts of dried artemisia powder, 1.0-1.3 parts of dried neem leaf powder, 8-9 parts of wood ash, 2.5-2.8 parts of perilla leaves, and 1.3-1.6 parts of chestnut shell powder.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the preparation of the nutrient solution includes: S1. Mix well-rotted straw powder, rapeseed cake, well-rotted sheep manure, dried artemisia powder and dried neem leaf powder to form a mixture. Add water to the mixture and boil to extract. Take the filter residue and extract repeatedly. Combine the filtrates. After extraction, combine the filter residues to obtain filter residue a. Add wood ash to the combined filtrate and stir well to obtain mixture a. S2. Crush chestnut shells and perilla leaves, mix them to form powder, add warm water and seal to soak, filter to obtain filter residue b, take the filtrate and add it to the mixture a and stir continuously, let it stand to obtain nutrient solution.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the boiling extraction time in step S1 is 1.5-2.0 hours, the extraction is repeated 3 times, and the amount of water used is 4 times the total mass of the mixture.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the chestnut shell crushing in step S2 involves crushing the chestnut shells to 20-40 mesh, the temperature of the warm water is 40-50℃ and the amount is 4 times the total mass of the powder, the sealing soaking parameters are stirring once every 15 minutes, sealing soaking time is 1.5-2.0h, the continuous stirring speed is 120-150r / min and the stirring time is 1.0-1.5h, and the standing time is 2-3h.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the preparation of the base material includes mixing filter residue a and filter residue b, drying them in an oven, crushing them, and sieving them to obtain the base material.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the drying is performed at a temperature of 110-120°C until the moisture content is 20-25%, and the sieving is performed through a 500-600 mesh sieve.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are: This invention presents a highly efficient planting method for *Tea rubra* (red tea). It selects suitable acidic red soil plots and integrates standardized plot preparation, scientific planting operations, and an ecological nutrient supply system to achieve efficient planting and robust seedling growth. By selecting environmental conditions such as pH and moisture content suitable for *Tea rubra* growth, planting holes are prepared according to standard row and plant spacing and hole depth, and slow-release substrate is applied. The original soil is then mixed with a breathable compound of high-temperature modified corn stalks, pine needles, and rice husks, while simultaneously spraying with an ecological nutrient solution. This significantly improves the soil's permeability and water retention in the planting area, improves the acidic red soil, passivates toxic ions such as active aluminum, inhibits soil-borne pathogens, and reduces nutrient leaching. Furthermore, through standardized seedling placement, root spreading, standardized soil compaction, and constant soil moisture control, mechanical damage to the seedling roots is minimized, quickly creating a loose, nutrient-balanced, and low-stress microenvironment for the roots, helping the seedlings to successfully recover.

[0018] This invention produces a nutrient solution combined with a special substrate prepared from the extracted filter residue, achieving full resource utilization of raw materials and providing a slow-release supply of organic matter and mineral nutrients. Through the synergistic effect of stress resistance and antibacterial properties, along with basic nutrition and the slow-release substrate, the rhizosphere growth environment of the Hongyin tea seedlings is comprehensively optimized, significantly improving the survival rate of tea seedlings, promoting seedling height growth, and achieving efficient and ecological cultivation of Hongyin tea. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention in achieving its intended purpose, the following detailed description of the specific implementation methods, structures, features, and effects of the present invention, in conjunction with embodiments, is provided below.

[0020] Example 1 An efficient cultivation method for redbud tea trees includes the following steps: 1) Site preparation: Select an acidic red soil plot with an altitude of 850m, a slope of 21°, a pH value of 5.5, and a relative moisture content of 75%. Dig planting holes with a row spacing of 1.4m, a plant spacing of 1m between tea trees in the same row, and a hole depth of 35cm. Put 1.2kg of base material into each planting hole. Then mix the excavated soil and aeration material at a weight ratio of 4:1. Spray nutrient solution at 30wt% of the soil volume to obtain soil material. 2) Planting: Place the selected tea seedling in the center of the planting hole, spread out the roots of the tea seedling, then put soil into the planting hole to cover it, and compact the soil after filling it. Water regularly to keep the soil moisture at 45%.

[0021] The preparation of the breathable material includes crushing corn stalks, mixing them with pine needles and rice husks in a weight ratio of 0.8:0.3:0.15, treating them at 120°C for 10 minutes, and then cooling them to complete the preparation.

[0022] The nutrient solution comprises the following raw materials by weight: 18 parts of decomposed straw powder, 8 parts of rapeseed cake, 4 parts of decomposed sheep manure, 3.0 parts of dried artemisia powder, 1.0 part of dried neem leaf powder, 8 parts of wood ash, 2.5 parts of perilla leaves, and 1.3 parts of chestnut shell powder. The preparation of the nutrient solution includes: S1. Mix well-rotted straw powder, rapeseed cake, well-rotted sheep manure, dried wormwood powder and dried neem leaf powder to form a mixture. Add 4 times the amount of water to the mixture and boil for 1.5 hours. Take the filter residue and repeat the extraction 3 times. Combine the filtrates. After extraction, combine the filter residues to obtain filter residue a. Add wood ash to the combined filtrate and stir well to obtain mixture a. S2. Crush chestnut shells to 20 mesh and crush perilla leaves. Mix the two to form a powder. Add 40℃ warm water and seal to soak for 1.5h. Stir once every 15min. Filter to obtain filter residue b. Take the filtrate and add it to the mixture a. Stir continuously at 120r / min for 1.0h. Let stand for 2h to obtain nutrient solution.

[0023] The preparation of the base material includes mixing filter residue a and filter residue b, drying them in an oven at 115°C until the moisture content is 22%, pulverizing them, and passing them through a 500-mesh sieve to obtain the base material.

[0024] Example 2 An efficient cultivation method for redbud tea trees includes the following steps: 1) Site preparation: Select an acidic red soil plot with an altitude of 850m, a slope of 21°, a pH value of 5.5, and a relative moisture content of 75%. Dig planting holes with a row spacing of 1.4m, a plant spacing of 1m between tea trees in the same row, and a hole depth of 35cm. Put 1.2kg of base material into each planting hole. Then mix the excavated soil and aeration material at a weight ratio of 4:1. Spray nutrient solution at 30wt% of the soil volume to obtain soil material. 2) Planting: Place the selected tea seedling in the center of the planting hole, spread out the roots of the tea seedling, then put soil into the planting hole to cover it, and compact the soil after filling it. Water regularly to keep the soil moisture at 45%.

[0025] The preparation of the breathable material includes crushing corn stalks, mixing them with pine needles and rice husks in a weight ratio of 0.8:0.3:0.15, treating them at 120°C for 10 minutes, and then cooling them to complete the preparation.

[0026] The nutrient solution comprises the following ingredients by weight: 20 parts of decomposed straw powder, 9 parts of rapeseed cake, 4.5 parts of decomposed sheep manure, 3.2 parts of dried artemisia powder, 1.2 parts of dried neem leaf powder, 8.5 parts of wood ash, 2.6 parts of perilla leaves, and 1.5 parts of chestnut shell powder. The preparation of the nutrient solution includes: S1. Mix well-rotted straw powder, rapeseed cake, well-rotted sheep manure, dried wormwood powder and dried neem leaf powder to form a mixture. Add 4 times the amount of water to the mixture and boil for 1.8 hours. Take the filter residue and repeat the extraction 3 times. Combine the filtrates. After extraction, combine the filter residues to obtain filter residue a. Add wood ash to the combined filtrate and stir well to obtain mixture a. S2. Crush chestnut shells to 30 mesh and crush perilla leaves. Mix the two to form a powder. Add 45℃ warm water and seal to soak for 1.8h. Stir once every 15min. Filter to obtain filter residue b. Take the filtrate and add it to the mixture a. Stir continuously at 135r / min for 1.2h. Let stand for 2.5h to obtain nutrient solution.

[0027] The preparation of the base material includes mixing filter residue a and filter residue b, drying them in an oven at 115°C until the moisture content is 22%, pulverizing them, and passing them through a 500-mesh sieve to obtain the base material.

[0028] Example 3 An efficient cultivation method for redbud tea trees includes the following steps: 1) Site preparation: Select an acidic red soil plot with an altitude of 850m, a slope of 21°, a pH value of 5.5, and a relative moisture content of 75%. Dig planting holes with a row spacing of 1.4m, a plant spacing of 1m between tea trees in the same row, and a hole depth of 35cm. Put 1.2kg of base material into each planting hole. Then mix the excavated soil and aeration material at a weight ratio of 4:1. Spray nutrient solution at 30wt% of the soil volume to obtain soil material. 2) Planting: Place the selected tea seedling in the center of the planting hole, spread out the roots of the tea seedling, then put soil into the planting hole to cover it, and compact the soil after filling it. Water regularly to keep the soil moisture at 45%.

[0029] The preparation of the breathable material includes crushing corn stalks, mixing them with pine needles and rice husks in a weight ratio of 0.8:0.3:0.15, treating them at 120°C for 10 minutes, and then cooling them to complete the preparation.

[0030] The nutrient solution comprises the following ingredients by weight: 22 parts of decomposed straw powder, 10 parts of rapeseed cake, 5 parts of decomposed sheep manure, 3.5 parts of dried artemisia powder, 1.3 parts of dried neem leaf powder, 9 parts of wood ash, 2.8 parts of perilla leaves, and 1.6 parts of chestnut shell powder. The preparation of the nutrient solution includes: S1. Mix well-rotted straw powder, rapeseed cake, well-rotted sheep manure, dried wormwood powder and dried neem leaf powder to form a mixture. Add 4 times the amount of water to the mixture and boil for 2.0 hours. Take the filter residue and repeat the extraction 3 times. Combine the filtrates. After extraction, combine the filter residues to obtain filter residue a. Add wood ash to the combined filtrate and stir well to obtain mixture a. S2. Crush chestnut shells to 40 mesh and crush perilla leaves. Mix the two to form a powder. Add 50℃ warm water and seal to soak for 2.0h. Stir once every 15min. Filter to obtain filter residue b. Take the filtrate and add it to the mixture a. Stir continuously at 150r / min for 1.5h. Let stand for 3h to obtain nutrient solution.

[0031] The preparation of the base material includes mixing filter residue a and filter residue b, drying them in an oven at 115°C until the moisture content is 22%, pulverizing them, and passing them through a 500-mesh sieve to obtain the base material.

[0032] Comparative Example 1 Compared with Example 2, Comparative Example 1 used chestnut shell powder instead of perilla leaves, but all other aspects were the same.

[0033] Comparative Example 2 Compared with Example 2, Comparative Example 2 used perilla leaves instead of chestnut shell powder, but all other aspects were the same.

[0034] Comparative Example 3 Compared with Example 2, Comparative Example 3 used mixture a instead of nutrient solution, but all other aspects were the same.

[0035] Comparative Example 4 Compared with Example 2, Comparative Example 4 used decomposed straw powder instead of rapeseed meal, and all other aspects were the same.

[0036] Test method: One hundred and twenty tea seedlings (25cm tall) were randomly divided into six experimental groups of 20 seedlings each, corresponding to Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3, respectively. Each group's experimental area was independently divided, with a 50cm isolation zone between groups to prevent cross-contamination of nutrient solution, substrate, and water. All field management measures, including planting, subsequent watering, manual weeding, and environmental control, were implemented simultaneously and according to uniform standards. No additional chemical pesticides or fertilizers were applied throughout the experiment.

[0037] The experimental conditions and observation period were kept consistent with natural light, temperature, and precipitation during the experiment. Soil moisture in each group was maintained at 45% by regular watering. The observation period was 6 months after the tea seedlings were transplanted. During this period, the growth status of the tea seedlings was checked daily, and plant mortality, abnormal growth, and average plant height were recorded. The average value was calculated after measuring all plants in each group. The experimental results are shown in Table 1.

[0038] Table 1. Statistical table of tea seedling treatment data for different groups

[0039] As can be seen from the test results in Table 1, compared with the comparative examples 1-3, the examples 1-3 of the present invention significantly improved the survival rate of tea seedlings, promoted the growth of seedling height during the seedling stage, and achieved efficient and ecological planting of Hongyin tea.

[0040] This invention utilizes low-temperature sealed extraction of chestnut shell powder and perilla leaves to efficiently dissolve active substances such as polyphenols and aldehydes. The aldehydes can form stable compounds with various amino acids in rapeseed cake, enhancing the storage and application stability of the active substances. They also form organically chelated nutrients easily absorbed by the roots of red tea trees, precisely supplementing the nitrogen nutrition needed for tea tree growth and promoting nutrient absorption and plant growth during the seedling stage. Simultaneously, the perilla leaf extract contains monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes such as perillaldehyde, perillone, and limonene, which can inhibit the reproduction of soil-borne pathogenic fungi such as Fusarium and Pythium in the red soil of tea gardens, reducing the probability of root rot and stem base rot in tea seedlings. The chestnut shell powder extract is rich in polyphenols, such as tannins, anthocyanins, and catechins, which can chelate active harmful ions in the red soil, inhibit soil-borne pathogens and some harmful insect eggs in tea gardens, and reduce the biotic and abiotic stresses suffered by tea tree roots.

[0041] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any indirect modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A highly efficient cultivation method for *Tea rubra*, characterized in that, The efficient planting method includes the following steps: 1) Site preparation: Select an acidic soil site, dig planting holes and put in the base material, then mix the excavated soil with the aeration material and spray with nutrient solution to obtain soil material; 2) Planting: Place the selected tea seedling in the center of the planting hole, spread out the roots of the tea seedling, then put soil into the planting hole to cover it, and after filling it, tamp the soil down. Water regularly to keep the soil moist.

2. The efficient cultivation method for *Citrus medica* trees according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step 1) The acidic soil plot is lateritic red soil, red soil, or yellow soil. The parameters for digging the planting holes are: row spacing of 1.2-1.5m, plant spacing between tea trees in the same row of 0.8-1.2m, and hole depth of 30-40cm. The altitude of the acidic soil plot is 700-1000m, slope ≤25°, pH value of 4.8-6.2, and relative moisture content of 72-78%. The amount of substrate added to each planting hole is 1.0-1.5kg. Step 2) The soil moisture is maintained at 40-50%.

3. The efficient cultivation method for *Citrus medica* trees according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nutrient solution comprises the following raw materials by weight: 18-22 parts of decomposed straw powder, 8-10 parts of rapeseed cake, 4-5 parts of decomposed sheep manure, 3.0-3.5 parts of dried artemisia powder, 1.0-1.3 parts of dried neem leaf powder, 8-9 parts of wood ash, 2.5-2.8 parts of perilla leaves, and 1.3-1.6 parts of chestnut shell powder.

4. A highly efficient cultivation method for *Tea styrax* trees according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that, The preparation of the nutrient solution includes: S1. Mix well-rotted straw powder, rapeseed cake, well-rotted sheep manure, dried artemisia powder and dried neem leaf powder to form a mixture. Add water to the mixture and boil to extract. Take the filter residue and extract repeatedly. Combine the filtrates. After extraction, combine the filter residues to obtain filter residue a. Add wood ash to the combined filtrate and stir well to obtain mixture a. S2. Crush chestnut shells and perilla leaves, mix them to form powder, add warm water and seal to soak, filter to obtain filter residue b, take the filtrate and add it to the mixture a and stir continuously, let it stand to obtain nutrient solution.

5. The efficient cultivation method for *Tea chinensis* trees according to claim 4, characterized in that: The boiling extraction time in step S1 is 1.5-2.0 hours, and the extraction is repeated 3 times. The amount of water used is 4 times the total mass of the mixture.

6. The efficient cultivation method for *Citrus medica* trees according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S2, the temperature of the warm water is 40-50℃ and the amount used is 4 times the total mass of the powder. The sealing soaking parameters are: stirring once every 15 minutes, sealing soaking time is 1.5-2.0h, and the continuous stirring speed is 120-150r / min and stirring time is 1.0-1.5h.

7. The efficient cultivation method for *Citrus medica* trees according to claim 4, characterized in that: The preparation of the base material includes mixing filter residue a and filter residue b, drying them in an oven, crushing them, and sieving them to obtain the base material.

8. The efficient cultivation method for *Citrus medica* trees according to claim 7, characterized in that: The drying process involves drying at 110-120℃ to a moisture content of 20-25%, and the sieving process involves passing the material through a 500-600 mesh sieve.

9. The efficient cultivation method for *Citrus medica* trees according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation of the breathable material includes crushing corn stalks, mixing them with pine needles and rice husks at a weight ratio of 0.7-1.0:0.2-0.4:0.1-0.2, treating them at a high temperature of 110-130℃ for 8-12 minutes, and then cooling them to complete the preparation.

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