Particle material pneumatic conveying visual monitoring system and method with dustproof, anti-vibration and anti-abrasion functions

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of pneumatic conveying visual monitoring, in particular to a particle material pneumatic conveying visual monitoring system and method with dustproof, anti-vibration and anti-abrasion functions. Comprising a conveying pipeline; one end of the conveying pipeline is connected with the fan, and the other end is connected with the receiving bin; monitoring equipment and a feeding bin are arranged between the fan and the receiving bin; the feeding bin is arranged close to the fan; the monitoring equipment comprises a protective cover, a protective sleeve, an air pump, a camera and an image processing and early warning unit; the protective cover is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the conveying pipeline; a placing cavity is formed in the protective cover; the containing cavity communicates with the inner side of the conveying pipeline through the observation window. The conical annular air curtain is arranged at the front end of the lens of the camera, a continuous positive pressure air curtain is formed, pollution and abrasion of high-concentration dust to the lens are effectively isolated, flowing airflow of the camera has the heat dissipation and self-cleaning functions, the service life of a visual system under the severe working condition is remarkably prolonged, and the reliability of the visual system under the severe working condition is remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of visual monitoring technology for pneumatic conveying, specifically a visual monitoring system and method for pneumatic conveying of granular materials with dustproof, vibration-proof, and wear-proof functions. Background Technology

[0002] Pneumatic conveying systems are widely used in the conveying of granular materials in industries such as chemical, food, tobacco, and pharmaceutical due to their simple equipment and flexible layout. However, the inside of the conveying pipeline is a closed "black box" environment, which presents three major challenges: dust pollution, wear caused by high-speed material impact, and strong vibration caused by the operation of the equipment itself.

[0003] For such pipeline monitoring systems, existing technologies also have relevant solutions, such as the solution shown in patent CN105136803B, which discloses an online detection device for the concentration and particle size of solid substances in pneumatic conveying. It measures the transparent area of ​​the pipeline, uses optical magnification components, a high-speed camera device, and an automatic focusing system to capture and magnify images of particles in flow in real time, and calculates particle size and concentration by combining the image analysis system. Another example is patent CN220326803U, which discloses a visual pneumatic conveying device for tobacco stems. It monitors the flow status of tobacco in real time by setting a transparent pipe section and a matching camera in the conveying pipeline.

[0004] Existing technologies and the two patented solutions mentioned above attempt to install transparent observation windows on pipelines and combine them with cameras for monitoring, but there are still significant shortcomings: ordinary sealing structures cannot completely prevent the adhesion and deposition of fine dust on the lens surface, resulting in rapid blurring of the field of view; in terms of abrasion prevention: high-speed moving particulate materials continuously impact the transparent area of ​​the pipeline, abrading the transparent window and causing blurred vision, while directly inserting the lens into the inside of the pipeline will also cause lens wear; in terms of vibration prevention during pneumatic conveying: the mechanical vibration of the pipeline and equipment is transmitted to the camera equipment, causing the captured image to be blurry and jittery, seriously affecting the accuracy of subsequent visual analysis. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention proposes a pneumatic conveying visual monitoring system and method for particulate materials with dustproof, vibration-proof, and wear-proof functions. This invention forms a continuous positive pressure air curtain by setting a conical annular air curtain at the front end of the camera lens. This not only effectively isolates the lens from high-concentration dust pollution and wear, but its airflow also has heat dissipation and self-cleaning functions, significantly improving the service life and reliability of the vision system under harsh working conditions.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is as follows: A pneumatic conveying visual monitoring system for granular materials with dustproof, vibration-proof, and wear-proof functions, comprising a conveying pipeline; one end of the conveying pipeline is connected to a blower, and the other end is connected to a receiving hopper; a monitoring device and a feeding hopper are provided between the blower and the receiving hopper; the feeding hopper is located close to the blower; the monitoring device includes a protective cover, a protective sleeve, an air pump, a camera, and an image processing and early warning unit; the protective cover is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the conveying pipeline; a placement cavity is provided inside the protective cover; the placement cavity is connected to the inner side of the conveying pipeline through an observation window; the observation window is obliquely connected to the inner side of the conveying pipeline; a protective sleeve is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the observation window; an annular cavity is connected inside the protective sleeve; an air outlet communicating with the annular cavity is provided at one end of the protective sleeve near the conveying pipeline; an air inlet communicating with the annular cavity is provided on the arc-shaped outer wall of the protective sleeve; a first air passage communicating with the air inlet is provided inside the protective cover; the first air passage is connected to the air pump; the camera is located inside the placement cavity; the head of the camera is aimed at the inner side of the protective sleeve.

[0007] Preferably, the protective sleeve is fixedly connected to a baffle at one end near the inner side of the conveying pipe with an inclined downward orientation; the air outlet penetrates the baffle; the anti-shake device is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the placement cavity; the camera is connected to the anti-shake device; and the baffle is in the shape of a semi-circular sleeve.

[0008] Preferably, the baffle has a notch on the side facing the material; the notch extends through the end of the baffle away from the protective sleeve; an arc-shaped drive groove is provided on the side of the notch near the protective sleeve; an arc-shaped drive bar is slidably and sealingly connected within the drive groove; the drive bar is connected to the bottom of the drive groove via a first tension spring; a driven groove is provided on the inner wall of the air outlet near the annular cavity; a driven block is slidably and sealingly connected within the driven groove; the driven block can block the air outlet; the bottom of the driven groove is connected to the drive groove via a first liquid hole; and a push plate is fixedly connected to the end of the drive bar away from the first tension spring.

[0009] Preferably, the cross-section of the driven groove is larger than that of the air outlet; the cross-section of the driven groove covers the cross-section of the air outlet.

[0010] Preferably, when the drive bar is retracted to the limit of the drive groove, the push plate is in a vertical state.

[0011] Preferably, the inner wall of the protective sleeve is uniformly provided with shielding grooves along the circumference; a fan-shaped shielding plate is slidably and sealed in the shielding groove; when multiple shielding plates are put together, they can shield the inner side of the protective sleeve; the bottom of the shielding groove is connected to the first liquid hole through the second liquid hole.

[0012] Preferably, the shield and the bottom of the shielding groove are connected by an elastic rope.

[0013] Preferably, the inner wall of the first liquid hole is provided with an adjustment groove; an adjustment block is slidably and sealingly connected in the adjustment groove; the adjustment block is rotatably connected to a bolt; the bolt passes through a baffle and is threadedly connected to the baffle.

[0014] A visual monitoring method for pneumatic conveying of granular materials with dustproof, vibration-proof, and wear-resistant functions is disclosed. This method is applicable to the aforementioned visual monitoring system for pneumatic conveying of granular materials with dustproof, vibration-proof, and wear-resistant functions. The steps of this method are as follows: S1: The blower will transmit air power to the receiving hopper through the conveying pipeline. The material in the feeding hopper will enter the conveying pipeline, and the air power will drive the material in the conveying pipeline to flow into the receiving hopper through the monitoring equipment. S2: The air pump will bring high-pressure gas into the annular cavity through the first air passage and the air inlet. The gas in the annular cavity will be discharged through the air outlet and form a cone-shaped annular air curtain. S3: The camera on the image stabilizer will capture images of the material inside the conveying pipe through the inside of the protective cover. S4: The image data captured by the camera is transmitted to the image processing and early warning unit for analysis, enabling timely early warning.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. This invention creates a continuous positive pressure air curtain by setting a conical annular air curtain at the front of the camera lens. This not only effectively isolates the lens from high-concentration dust pollution and wear, but also provides heat dissipation and self-cleaning functions through its airflow, significantly improving the service life and reliability of the vision system under harsh working conditions.

[0016] 2. This invention uses the material in the conveying pipe to push the push plate and drive the drive bar to slide along the drive groove. This causes the obstruction of the vent hole by the driven block to change with the material conveying situation in the conveying pipe. In this way, while ensuring the venting effect of the vent hole, the waste of venting is avoided, thus achieving the purpose of energy saving.

[0017] 3. In the initial state of this invention, the drive bar and push plate are both in the extreme position close to the protective sleeve. The vent is blocked and sealed by the driven block. The inside of the protective sleeve is blocked and sealed by multiple fan-shaped baffles. Since the head of the camera is aligned with the inside of the protective sleeve, the head of the camera will be blocked and sealed by the baffles. This prevents dust from adhering to the head of the camera during the monitoring equipment shutdown process, thus achieving dust prevention and protection for the head of the camera. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional view of the visual inspection system in this invention; Figure 2 This is a location diagram of the monitoring equipment in this invention; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the protective cover in this invention; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 5 This is a perspective view of the protective sleeve and baffle in this invention; Figure 6 This is a 3D view of the image stabilizer and camera in this invention; Figure 7 This is a perspective view of the image stabilizer in this invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the arrangement of the driving slot, driven slot, and shielding slot in this invention; Figure 9 yes Figure 8 Enlarged view of point B in the middle; Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the shielding groove in this invention; Figure 11 This is a flowchart of the method in this invention.

[0020] In the diagram: 1. Conveying pipe; 11. Fan; 12. Receiving hopper; 13. Feeding hopper; 2. Protective cover; 21. Placement chamber; 22. Observation window; 23. First air passage; 3. Protective sleeve; 31. Annular cavity; 32. Air outlet; 33. Air inlet; 34. Driven groove; 35. Driven block; 36. First liquid hole; 37. Blocking groove; 38. Second liquid hole; 39. Adjusting groove; 4. Air pump; 5. Camera; 6. Baffle; 61. Notch; 62. Drive groove; 63. Adjusting block; 64. Bolt; 7. Anti-shake device; 8. Drive bar; 81. First tension spring; 82. Push plate; 9. Cover plate; 91. Elastic rope. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0022] like Figures 1 to 11 As shown, the present invention includes the following embodiments: Example 1: A pneumatic conveying visual monitoring system for granular materials with dustproof, vibration-proof, and wear-resistant functions, comprising a conveying pipeline 1; one end of the conveying pipeline 1 is connected to a blower 11, and the other end is connected to a receiving hopper 12; a monitoring device and a feeding hopper 13 are provided between the blower 11 and the receiving hopper 12; the feeding hopper 13 is located close to the blower 11; the monitoring device includes a protective cover 2, a protective sleeve 3, an air pump 4, a camera 5, and an image processing and early warning unit; the protective cover 2 is fixed to the outer wall of the conveying pipeline 1; a placement cavity 21 is provided inside the protective cover 2; the placement cavity 21 is connected to the conveying pipeline 1 through an observation window 22. The inner side of the conveying pipe 1 is connected; the observation window 22 is inclinedly connected to the inner side of the conveying pipe 1; the inner wall of the observation window 22 is fixedly connected to the protective sleeve 3; the inner side of the protective sleeve 3 is connected to the annular cavity 31; the end of the protective sleeve 3 near the conveying pipe 1 is provided with an air outlet 32 ​​that communicates with the annular cavity 31; the arc-shaped outer wall of the protective sleeve 3 is provided with an air inlet 33 that communicates with the annular cavity 31; the inner side of the protective cover 2 is provided with a first air passage 23 that communicates with the air inlet 33; the first air passage 23 is connected to the air pump 4; the camera 5 is placed in the placement cavity 21; the head of the camera 5 is aligned with the inner side of the protective sleeve 3.

[0023] In this embodiment, the protective sleeve 3 is inclined downward at one end of the inner side of the conveying pipe 1 and is fixedly connected to the baffle 6; the air outlet 32 ​​penetrates the baffle 6; the inner wall of the placement cavity 21 is fixedly connected to the image stabilizer 7; the camera 5 is connected to the image stabilizer 7; the baffle 6 is a semi-arc sleeve shape.

[0024] The blower 11 provides power to the pneumatic conveying system, transporting granular materials from the feed hopper 13 through the conveying pipe 1 to the receiving hopper 12. The monitoring equipment is installed 0.5-1 meter downstream of the bend in the conveying pipe 1, for example, 0.8 meters. This location, at the bend, is a section with significant disturbance, where materials are prone to initial aggregation or changes in flow direction, facilitating early identification of flow anomalies and enabling early warning. The camera 5 can directly observe the interior of the conveying pipe 1 through the observation window 22. The protective cover 2 ensures consistent air pressure inside the pipe. The air pump 4 pumps high-pressure gas along the first air passage 23 into the annular cavity 31, and finally through the annular cavity 31 to the outlet 32. The number of baffles 32 is multiple and evenly distributed around the center of the protective sleeve 3, thus forming a conical annular air curtain to effectively isolate dust and particles inside the conveying pipe 1. The baffle 6 provides additional impact protection. The camera 5 is an industrial-grade explosion-proof high-definition camera, whose optical axis is roughly aligned with the center line of the protective sleeve 3. The camera 5 is connected to the image stabilizer 7. The camera 5 is tilted 45°±15° downstream towards the material flow to obtain the best viewing angle of the material flow. There is a ring-shaped high-frequency anti-flash source around the camera 5 to ensure that the material flow after exiting the pipe can be completely captured. The image stabilizer 7 is a three-axis anti-shake gimbal, which is installed in the protective cover 2 through a threaded seal. The gimbal uses a built-in gyroscope sensor (not shown in the figure) to detect pitch and roll. The system actively counteracts multidimensional vibrations by mitigating angular vibrations along the three axes of yaw and driving the corresponding rudder motors to move in the opposite direction. This is analogous to image stabilization devices used in existing filming technologies. The three-axis stabilization mechanism in the gimbal effectively suppresses complex vibrations in the transport pipeline environment, ensuring stable and smooth footage and providing clear, unblurred keyframe images for subsequent visual analysis. Simultaneously, the continuously flowing airflow also serves as an auxiliary heat dissipation device and a self-cleaning mechanism to remove trace amounts of adhering substances. This design, working in conjunction with the gimbal, ensures the continuity and reliability of visual monitoring data under harsh conditions of high pollution and strong vibration through both physical isolation and dynamic stabilization. Through these hardware configurations, the system constructs a... The highly reliable data acquisition front end transmits stable and clear image data captured by camera 5 in real time to the image processing and early warning unit (not shown in the figure, which can be integrated into an industrial computer or cloud platform) during system operation. The image processing and early warning unit calculates the average material flow velocity using optical flow, identifies accumulation areas through background subtraction and morphological operations, and determines whether the flow is turbulent by analyzing the consistency of the flow direction vector field. Once the analysis result exceeds the preset safety threshold, the system immediately issues an early warning through sound and light, SMS, or control system interlocking to remind operators to intervene in time and avoid blockage accidents. The safety threshold is set based on the material flow velocity baseline under normal operating conditions, distribution statistical model, or historical data.The airflow ejected from the air outlet 32 ​​forms a uniform, stable, cone-shaped annular air curtain. This air curtain creates a continuous positive pressure barrier in front of the lens, effectively isolating dust, assisting in heat dissipation, and using airflow to prevent particle adhesion and abrasion. The image processing and early warning unit is electrically connected to the camera 5 to receive video data and analyze the material's movement trajectory, flow rate, and distribution status in real time through a built-in image analysis algorithm. When signs of blockage such as abnormally low flow rate, material accumulation, or turbulent flow are detected, an early warning signal is automatically generated and issued. This invention creates a continuous positive pressure air curtain by setting a conical annular air curtain at the front end of the lens of camera 5. This not only effectively isolates the lens from high-concentration dust pollution and wear, but the airflow also has heat dissipation and self-cleaning functions, significantly improving the service life and reliability of the vision system under harsh working conditions. This invention also mounts camera 5 on the image stabilizer 7, which can monitor and counteract the multi-dimensional complex vibrations of the conveying pipeline 1 in real time, ensuring that the image acquired by camera 5 is clear and stable, laying the foundation for subsequent accurate visual sorting. The image processing and early warning unit analyzes the material's movement trajectory, flow rate, and distribution pattern, and can identify risk signs in the early stage of blockage and issue early warnings, realizing the transformation from passive handling to active protection and ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the conveying system.

[0025] Example 2: The baffle 6 has a notch 61 on the side facing the material; the notch 61 extends through the end of the baffle 6 away from the protective sleeve 3; the notch 61 has an arc-shaped drive groove 62 on the side near the protective sleeve 3; an arc-shaped drive bar 8 is slidably and sealed within the drive groove 62; the drive bar 8 is connected to the bottom of the drive groove 62 via a first tension spring 81; a driven groove 34 is provided on the inner wall of the air outlet 32 ​​near the annular cavity 31; a driven block 35 is slidably and sealed within the driven groove 34; the driven block 35 can block the air outlet 32; the bottom of the driven groove 34 is connected to the drive groove 62 via a first liquid hole 36; the end of the drive bar 8 away from the first tension spring 81 is fixedly connected to the push plate 82 outwards.

[0026] In this embodiment, the cross-section of the driven groove 34 is larger than that of the air outlet 32; the cross-section of the driven groove 34 covers the cross-section of the air outlet 32.

[0027] During material conveying inside the conveying pipe 1, the material comes into contact with the push plate 82, pushing it to move in the conveying direction of the pipe 1. The push plate 82 then drives the drive bar 8 to slide along the drive groove 62 and move away from the bottom of the groove. The more material is conveyed in the conveying pipe 1, the greater the probability of the material contacting the push plate 82 and the greater the probability of the push plate 82 being pushed. The push plate 82 drives the drive bar 8 to change according to the material conveying situation in the conveying pipe 1. As the drive bar 8 moves away from the bottom of the drive groove 62, it pulls the first tension spring 81, causing the first tension spring 81 to complete its energy storage process. Both the drive groove 62 and the driven groove 34 are filled with liquid medium. The space within the drive groove 62 expands... During the process, a negative pressure is generated. Under the action of the negative pressure, the liquid medium in the driven tank 34 will flow back into the driving tank 62 along the first liquid hole 36. Since the vent 32 is initially blocked and sealed by the driven block 35, as the driving tank 62 moves away from the bottom of the driving tank 62, the driven block 35 will retract into the driven tank 34 under the action of the negative pressure. The closer the driven block 35 is to the bottom of the corresponding driven tank 34, the larger the opening space of the vent 32. Thus, the opening space of the vent 32 will change with the moving position of the push plate 82. When there is more material in the conveying pipe 1, the opening space of the vent 32 is larger, and conversely, when there is less material in the conveying pipe 1, the opening space of the vent 32 is smaller. When the material conveying in the conveying pipe 1 decreases, the first tension spring 81 pulls the drive bar 8 along the drive groove 62 towards the bottom of the drive groove 62. The liquid medium in the drive groove 62, under pressure, enters the driven groove 34 through the first liquid hole 36. The liquid medium in the driven groove 34 pushes the driven block 35 into the vent hole 32, which is then blocked and sealed by the driven block 35. Thus, when the material conveying in the conveying pipe 1 stops, the space of the vent hole 32 is blocked and sealed. When the vent hole 32 is open, the air pump 4 will introduce high-pressure gas into the annular cavity 31 through the air inlet 33. The gas in the annular cavity 31 will be discharged through the vent hole 32. When the vent hole 32 is blocked, the gas in the annular cavity 31 is... The driven block 35 inside the air outlet 32 ​​is blocked and sealed, thereby avoiding the waste of high-pressure gas in the air pump 4 and saving energy; the second driving method of the drive bar 8 is that a miniature electric push rod (not shown in the figure) is fixed to the outer wall of the protective sleeve 3. One end of the miniature electric push rod is connected to the protective sleeve 3, and the other end is flexibly connected to the push plate 82. In this way, the extension and retraction of the miniature electric push rod will drive the push plate 82 to move in the notch 61. Thus, the movement of the drive bar 8 in the drive groove 62 is controlled by the miniature electric push rod. A material flow sensor (not shown in the figure) is installed inside the conveying pipe 1. The extension and retraction of the miniature electric push rod will change according to the sensing data of the material flow sensor. The material flow sensor can also be understood as a flow sensor.Furthermore, the driven groove 34 cross section covers the air outlet 32 ​​cross section, meaning that when the driven block 35 bends and blocks the air outlet 32, the driven block 35 can be engaged in the inner wall of the air outlet 32. When the edge of the driven block 35 is engaged in the inner wall of the air outlet 32, it provides strength support for the driven block 35 itself and improves the compressive strength of the driven block 35 against the air pressure in the annular cavity 31; the inner wall of the drive groove 62 is provided with an anti-detachment groove, and an anti-detachment block is slidably connected in the anti-detachment groove; the anti-detachment block is fixedly connected to the drive bar 8; The present invention uses the material in the conveying pipe 1 to push the push plate 82 to drive the drive bar 8 to slide along the drive groove 62, so that the obstruction of the vent 32 by the driven block 35 changes with the material conveying in the conveying pipe 1, thereby ensuring the venting effect of the vent 32 while avoiding the waste of venting, and achieving the purpose of energy saving.

[0028] Example 3: When the drive bar 8 is retracted to the limit state of the drive groove 62, the push plate 82 is in a vertical state.

[0029] In its initial state, the push plate 82 is in a vertical position, and the air outlet 32 ​​is completely blocked. The push plate is perpendicular to the conveying direction of the conveying pipe 1, which makes the material push the push plate 82 with a large force. This makes the push plate 82 easy to push and trigger the drive bar 8 to move. After the push plate 82 moves with the drive bar 8, the angle of the push plate 82 will gradually tilt. The tilted push plate 82 can still be pushed by the material in the conveying pipe 1, and at the same time, it can guide the material in the push plate 82, so that the material is smoothly guided away after contacting the push plate 82, reducing the material residue around the push plate 82 and realizing the smooth conveying of the material.

[0030] Example 4: The inner wall of the protective sleeve 3 is uniformly provided with shielding grooves 37 along the circumference; a fan-shaped shielding plate 9 is slidably and sealed in the shielding groove 37; when multiple shielding plates 9 are put together, they can shield the inner side of the protective sleeve 3; the bottom of the shielding groove 37 is connected to the first liquid hole 36 through the second liquid hole 38.

[0031] In this embodiment, the shield 9 and the bottom of the shielding groove 37 are connected by an elastic rope 91.

[0032] In the initial state, both the drive bar 8 and the push plate 82 are at their extreme positions close to the protective sleeve 3. The vent 32 is blocked and sealed by the driven block 35, and the inner side of the protective sleeve 3 is blocked and sealed by multiple fan-shaped baffles 9. Since the head of the camera 5 is aligned with the inner side of the protective sleeve 3, the head of the camera 5 is blocked and sealed by the baffles 9, thus preventing dust from adhering to the head of the camera 5 during the monitoring equipment's shutdown, achieving dust prevention and protection for the head of the camera 5. When the monitoring equipment is activated, the push plate 82 is pushed, causing the drive bar 8 to move. As the drive bar 8 moves away from the bottom of the drive groove 62, a negative pressure is formed, causing the liquid in the first liquid hole 36 to flow into the drive groove 62. Since the baffle groove 37 is connected to the first liquid hole 36 through the second liquid hole 38, the liquid in the baffle groove 37 flows into the drive groove 62 under the action of negative pressure, causing the baffles 9 to retract into the baffle groove 37, thus making the protective sleeve 3... The inner space opens, exposing the head of camera 5 for shooting. As the drive bar 8 approaches the bottom of the drive groove 62, the liquid in the drive groove 62 will enter the shielding groove 37 and the driven groove 34, causing the shield 9 to extend from the shielding groove 37 and shield the inner space of the protective sleeve 3, i.e., shielding the head position of camera 5. Furthermore, the shield 9 is connected to the bottom of the shielding groove 37 by an elastic rope 91. Therefore, as the drive bar 8 moves away from the bottom of the drive groove 62, the elastic rope 91 will pull the shield 9 back to the shielding groove 37. Thus, before the driven block 35 moves out of the vent 32, the shield 9 will move away from the head position of camera 5 first. As the drive bar 8 approaches the bottom of the drive groove 62, since the shield 9 needs to overcome the elasticity of the elastic rope 91 to move away from the bottom of the shielding groove 37, the shielding priority of the driven block 35 to the vent 32 is higher than the shield 9's shielding priority to the inner space of the protective sleeve 3.

[0033] Example 5: An adjusting groove 39 is provided on the inner wall of the first liquid hole 36; an adjusting block 63 is slidably and sealingly connected in the adjusting groove 39; the adjusting block 63 is rotatably connected to a bolt 64; the bolt 64 passes through the baffle 6 and is threadedly connected to the baffle 6.

[0034] When the bolt 64 is turned, the adjusting block 63 can block the first liquid hole 36. The more the first liquid hole 36 is blocked by the adjusting block 63, the lower the sensitivity of the driven block 35 will be, and vice versa. If the first liquid hole 36 is completely blocked, the drive groove 62 and the driven groove 34 will be completely separated. Before separation, the drive bar 8 will move. This will make the vent hole 32 and the inner space of the protective sleeve 3 open when the push plate 82 is far away from the protective sleeve 3, and will also make the vent hole 32 and the inner space of the protective sleeve 3 closed when the push plate 82 is close to the protective sleeve 3. The outer wall of the conveying pipe 1 or the protective cover 2 is provided with an operating port (not shown in the figure) that can operate the bolt 64. The operating port corresponds to the bolt 64 and can be understood as an operating door. The operating port can be sealed with a sealing plug.

[0035] Example 6: A visual monitoring method for pneumatic conveying of granular materials with dustproof, vibration-proof, and wear-resistant functions. This method is applicable to the above-mentioned visual monitoring system for pneumatic conveying of granular materials with dustproof, vibration-proof, and wear-resistant functions. The steps of this method are as follows: S1: The blower 11 will transmit the air force through the conveying pipe 1 to the receiving bin 12. The material in the feeding bin 13 will enter the conveying pipe 1. The air force will drive the material in the conveying pipe 1 to flow into the receiving bin 12 through the monitoring equipment. S2: The air pump 4 will push the high-pressure gas into the annular cavity 31 along the first air passage 23 and the air inlet 33. The gas in the annular cavity 31 will be discharged along the air outlet 32 ​​and form a cone-shaped annular air curtain. S3: The camera 5 on the image stabilizer 7 will capture images of the material in the conveying pipe 1 through the inside of the protective cover 3. S4: The image data captured by camera 5 is transmitted to the image processing and early warning unit for analysis, enabling timely early warning.

[0036] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the appendix. Figure 1 The orientations or positional relationships shown are for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description only, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the invention. In addition, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. The basic principles, main features, and advantages of the invention have been shown and described above.

[0037] Those skilled in the art should understand that this invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of protection of this invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A pneumatic conveying visual monitoring system for granular materials with dustproof, vibration-proof, and wear-resistant functions, comprising a conveying pipeline; one end of the conveying pipeline is connected to a blower, and the other end is connected to a receiving hopper; a monitoring device and a feeding hopper are provided between the blower and the receiving hopper; the feeding hopper is located close to the blower; characterized in that: The monitoring equipment includes a protective cover, a protective sleeve, an air pump, a camera, and an image processing and early warning unit. The protective cover is fixed to the outer wall of the conveying pipeline. A placement cavity is provided inside the protective cover. The placement cavity is connected to the inner side of the conveying pipeline through an observation window. The observation window is obliquely connected to the inner side of the conveying pipeline. The protective sleeve is fixed to the inner wall of the observation window. An annular cavity is provided inside the protective sleeve. An air outlet communicating with the annular cavity is provided at one end of the protective sleeve near the conveying pipeline. An air inlet communicating with the annular cavity is provided on the arc-shaped outer wall of the protective sleeve. A first air passage communicating with the air inlet is provided inside the protective cover. The first air passage is connected to the air pump. The camera is placed inside the placement cavity. The head of the camera is aimed at the inner side of the protective sleeve.

2. The pneumatic conveying visual monitoring system for granular materials with dustproof, vibration-proof, and wear-resistant functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective sleeve is fixedly connected to a baffle at one end near the inner side of the conveying pipe, with the air outlet penetrating the baffle; the anti-shake device is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the placement cavity; the camera is connected to the anti-shake device; the baffle is in the shape of a semi-circular sleeve.

3. The pneumatic conveying visual monitoring system for granular materials with dustproof, vibration-proof, and wear-resistant functions according to claim 2, characterized in that: The baffle has a notch on the side facing the material; the notch extends through the end of the baffle away from the protective sleeve; an arc-shaped drive groove is provided on the side of the notch near the protective sleeve; an arc-shaped drive bar is slidably and sealed within the drive groove; the drive bar is connected to the bottom of the drive groove via a first tension spring; a driven groove is provided on the inner wall of the air outlet near the annular cavity; a driven block is slidably and sealed within the driven groove; the driven block can block the air outlet; the bottom of the driven groove is connected to the drive groove via a first liquid hole; the end of the drive bar away from the first tension spring is fixedly connected to a push plate.

4. The pneumatic conveying visual monitoring system for granular materials with dustproof, vibration-proof, and wear-resistant functions according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cross-section of the driven groove is larger than that of the air outlet; the cross-section of the driven groove covers the cross-section of the air outlet.

5. A visual monitoring system for pneumatic conveying of granular materials with dustproof, vibration-proof, and wear-resistant functions as described in claim 3, characterized in that: When the drive bar is retracted to the limit of the drive groove, the push plate is in a vertical position.

6. The pneumatic conveying visual monitoring system for granular materials with dustproof, vibration-proof, and wear-resistant functions according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner wall of the protective sleeve is uniformly provided with shielding grooves along the circumference; a fan-shaped shielding plate is slidably and sealed in the shielding groove; when multiple shielding plates are put together, they can shield the inner side of the protective sleeve; the bottom of the shielding groove is connected to the first liquid hole through the second liquid hole.

7. A visual monitoring system for pneumatic conveying of granular materials with dustproof, vibration-proof, and wear-resistant functions as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The shield is connected to the bottom of the shielding groove by an elastic rope.

8. The pneumatic conveying visual monitoring system for granular materials with dustproof, vibration-proof, and wear-resistant functions according to claim 3, characterized in that: An adjustment groove is provided on the inner wall of the first liquid hole; an adjustment block is slidably and sealingly connected in the adjustment groove; the adjustment block is rotatably connected to a bolt; the bolt passes through a baffle and is threadedly connected to the baffle.

9. A visual monitoring method for pneumatic conveying of granular materials with dustproof, vibration-proof, and wear-resistant functions, the method being applicable to the visual monitoring system for pneumatic conveying of granular materials with dustproof, vibration-proof, and wear-resistant functions as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: The steps of this method are as follows: S1: The blower will transmit air power to the receiving hopper through the conveying pipeline. The material in the feeding hopper will enter the conveying pipeline, and the air power will drive the material in the conveying pipeline to flow into the receiving hopper through the monitoring equipment. S2: The air pump will bring high-pressure gas into the annular cavity through the first air passage and the air inlet. The gas in the annular cavity will be discharged through the air outlet and form a cone-shaped annular air curtain. S3: The camera on the image stabilizer will capture images of the material inside the conveying pipe through the inside of the protective cover. S4: The image data captured by the camera is transmitted to the image processing and early warning unit for analysis, enabling timely early warning.

Images