Method for adaptively scaling coverage range of wireless cell

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of wireless communication coverage, in particular to a method for adaptively scaling the coverage range of a wireless cell, which comprises the following steps: a base station measures and calculates the minimum downlink transmitting power required for maintaining the service quality of a key guarantee user in real time by identifying the key guarantee user, and dynamically adjusts the downlink transmitting power to shrink or expand the coverage range of the cell; and the adjusted power is synchronously notified to the terminal through broadcast information, so that the accurate estimation of the terminal path loss is ensured. According to the method, in an industrial user maneuvering networking and multi-type communication equipment fusion scene, same-frequency interference of a high-power 5G base station to a same-frequency cell and floor noise uplift of pilot-frequency communication equipment can be remarkably reduced, and the communication quality and stability of the whole network are improved; and meanwhile, on the premise of not modifying the terminal and not depending on network regulation and network optimization, intelligent linkage of power and service quality is realized, and the service continuity of key users is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wireless communication coverage technology, specifically a method for adaptively scaling the coverage area of ​​a wireless cell. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, industry users (such as those in emergency communications, field operations, and military exercises) commonly deploy high-power 5G base stations (e.g., 4×60W) to meet temporary coverage needs when setting up mobile networks in areas without operator coverage. Due to the dynamic and temporary nature of these network deployments, strict network planning and optimization cannot be implemented as strictly as in operator networks, and base station transmission power is typically maintained at a high level. Simultaneously, various inter-frequency communication devices, such as satellite communications and private network radios, often coexist in this communication area. When key users are located near the cell and conducting high-volume services, if high-power base stations continuously transmit at full power, it not only causes unnecessary energy waste within the cell but also generates severe co-channel interference to neighboring cells on the same frequency, significantly increasing the receiving noise floor of inter-frequency communication devices. This leads to a sharp decline in overall network communication quality and severely impacts the collaborative working capabilities of multiple types of equipment.

[0003] Existing technologies for adjusting base station coverage primarily focus on energy-saving solutions for operator networks. For example, during off-peak hours at night, methods such as channel shutdown, carrier shutdown, or deep hibernation are used to gradually reduce cell coverage. However, these solutions are all based on fixed sites and strict wireless environment management. Their power adjustment strategies are static and timed, aiming to reduce operating costs rather than suppress interference. They are completely unsuitable for the dynamic changes in user locations and real-time fluctuations in service demands in mobile networking scenarios for industry users. More importantly, existing solutions do not address the identification of "key users" or establish a linkage mechanism between "service quality assurance" and "transmit power." Power reduction often comes at the expense of user experience, and the lack of consideration for synchronously updating terminal path loss estimates through broadcast information leads to terminal link adaptive failure.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a method that can adaptively scale the coverage of wireless cells, dynamically reduce the downlink transmission power of high-power base stations while ensuring the service quality of key users, fundamentally solve the problem of co-frequency / different-frequency interference, and improve the overall network communication efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide a method for adaptively scaling the coverage of wireless cells to solve the problem of co-channel / different-channel interference in existing technologies.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A method for adaptively scaling the coverage of a wireless cell includes the following steps:

[0008] S1: Identify key users for protection;

[0009] S2: Based on the service quality requirements of the key users, calculate the minimum downlink transmit power required to maintain the current service;

[0010] S3: Adjust the downlink transmission power of the base station according to the minimum downlink transmission power;

[0011] S4: The adjusted downlink transmit power is notified to the terminal via broadcast information.

[0012] Furthermore, the identification of key protection users in S1 includes one or more of the following methods:

[0013] Identification is performed using the International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI) or the Public Land Mobile Network Identifier (PLMN).

[0014] Identification is performed through a dedicated bearer established by the user;

[0015] Identification is achieved through business model analysis or deep packet inspection of user plane data packets.

[0016] Furthermore, the calculation of the minimum downlink transmit power required to maintain the current service in S2 includes:

[0017] Based on one or more parameters among the current downlink traffic, spectrum efficiency, and remaining resources within the system bandwidth of the key users, estimate the adjustable amount of the downlink transmit power of the base station;

[0018] For latency-insensitive services, reduced spectrum efficiency is permissible in exchange for a greater reduction in downlink power.

[0019] Furthermore, adjusting the downlink transmit power of the base station in S3 includes:

[0020] When it is determined that the power needs to be reduced, the downlink scheduling parameters are first fixed to values ​​that adapt to the reduced power, and then the downlink power control module is instructed to reduce the transmit power.

[0021] When it is determined that the power needs to be increased, the downlink power control module is directly instructed to increase the transmit power, with the upper limit being the maximum downlink transmit power of the base station.

[0022] Furthermore, in step S4, the adjusted downlink transmit power is notified to the terminal via broadcast information, including:

[0023] The adjusted downlink transmit power value is broadcast to the terminal via the ss-PBCH-BlockPower field in the system information block SIB1, so that the terminal can update the path loss estimate.

[0024] Furthermore, it also includes S5:

[0025] The uplink detection reference signal strength of the key protected user is measured, and the location or signal quality of the key protected user relative to the base station is determined based on the measurement results.

[0026] Furthermore, it also includes S5:

[0027] The system receives measurement reports from the key protected users, which include A1 event information or A2 event information, and determines the location or signal quality of the key protected users relative to the base station based on the measurement reports.

[0028] Furthermore, it also includes S6:

[0029] Preset signal strength threshold;

[0030] When the measured uplink signal strength or downlink signal strength is higher than the threshold, the downlink transmit power is reduced.

[0031] When the measured uplink or downlink signal strength is lower than the threshold, the downlink transmit power is increased.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0033] The base station in this invention identifies key users, calculates in real time the minimum downlink transmit power required to maintain their service quality, dynamically adjusts the downlink transmit power to shrink or expand cell coverage, and synchronously notifies the terminal of the adjusted power via broadcast information to ensure accurate terminal path loss estimation. In scenarios involving mobile networking by industry users and the integration of multiple types of communication equipment, this method can significantly reduce co-channel interference from high-power 5G base stations to co-frequency cells and the increase in noise floor of inter-frequency communication equipment, thereby improving the overall network communication quality and stability. Simultaneously, without modifying terminals or relying on network planning and optimization, it achieves intelligent linkage between power and service quality, ensuring service continuity for key users. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps of an embodiment of the method for adaptively scaling the coverage of a wireless cell according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The present invention will be further described in detail below through specific embodiments:

[0036] The specific implementation process is as follows:

[0037] Example 1

[0038] Example 1 is attached. Figure 1As shown, a method for adaptively scaling the coverage of a wireless cell includes the following steps:

[0039] S1: Identify key users for protection.

[0040] S2: Based on the service quality requirements of the key users, calculate the minimum downlink transmit power required to maintain the current service.

[0041] S3: Adjust the downlink transmission power of the base station according to the minimum downlink transmission power.

[0042] S4: The adjusted downlink transmit power is notified to the terminal via broadcast information.

[0043] S5: Measure the uplink detection reference signal (SRS) strength of the key protected user, and determine the position or signal quality of the key protected user relative to the base station based on the measurement results;

[0044] Alternatively, the system can receive measurement reports from the key protected users, the measurement reports containing A1 or A2 event information, and determine the location or signal quality of the key protected users relative to the base station based on the measurement reports.

[0045] S6: Preset signal strength threshold; when the measured uplink or downlink signal strength is higher than the threshold, the downlink transmit power is reduced. When the measured uplink or downlink signal strength is lower than the threshold, the downlink transmit power is increased.

[0046] The base station identifies key users and calculates in real time the minimum downlink transmission power required to maintain their service quality. It then dynamically adjusts the downlink transmission power to shrink or expand the cell coverage area and broadcasts the adjusted power to the terminal to ensure accurate terminal path loss estimation.

[0047] In this embodiment, an emergency communication support team is conducting disaster relief operations in an area without operator coverage and has temporarily deployed a 5G mobile communication system. This system includes a high-power 5G base station (4×60W transmit power, maximum downlink power 47dBm), a satellite communication terminal, and several 5G handheld terminals. The base station has a coverage radius of approximately 2 kilometers, and there are no other co-frequency base stations in the area. However, the satellite terminal operates in the C-band and is sensitive to out-of-band spurious radiation from the 5G base station, with a noise floor rise tolerance of only 2dB. Currently, only the commander's handheld terminal (IMSI: 460011234567890) is transmitting real-time high-definition video back from a proximity of approximately 150 meters to the base station. It is necessary to ensure smooth, uninterrupted video playback while minimizing the base station's transmit power to reduce interference with the satellite terminal. The base station has a pre-configured whitelist of key protected users' IMSIs and is configured with an A2 event reporting threshold.

[0048] After powering on and completing initialization, the base station enters normal operation. When the commander's terminal completes random access and sends a service request, the base station parses the terminal's IMSI from the non-access stratum signaling and compares it with the locally stored whitelist of key users. Since the IMSI matches the preset whitelist, the base station immediately marks the terminal as a "key user" and establishes a dedicated radio bearer for it, setting the bearer's QCI to 6 (non-GBR service, but with high priority). Simultaneously, the base station enables service awareness, identifying that the terminal is transmitting an RTSP video stream through deep packet inspection of user plane IP packets, further confirming its status as a key user. All subsequent power control algorithms only apply to this user; non-key users are not affected.

[0049] After identifying key users, the base station immediately initiates the user location sensing process. This embodiment employs a parallel operation mode of uplink detection reference signal measurement and downlink event measurement.

[0050] The base station's physical layer is configured with an SRS period of 20ms, periodically receiving uplink SRS signals from key users and measuring their received power. The current measured SRS received power is -63dBm. Simultaneously, the base station configures an A2 event for this terminal via RRC signaling: triggering reporting when the serving cell's SSB RSRP falls below -85dBm. The terminal's measured RSRP at a near point is -73dBm, which does not reach the A2 threshold, therefore no event is reported. Based on the combined uplink SRS measurement results, the base station determines that the user is at a very close location.

[0051] The base station has two preset signal strength thresholds: the power reduction trigger threshold TH_high is set to -70dBm of uplink SRS received power, and the power increase trigger threshold TH_low is set to -85dBm. Currently, the uplink SRS received power of -63dBm is higher than TH_high, meeting the power reduction trigger condition, and the base station enters the power reduction decision process.

[0052] The base station MAC layer scheduler maintains the service parameters of this key user in real time: the current downlink video stream bitrate is 25Mbps, the buffer queue depth is stable, and there is no packet loss. The downlink channel quality is reported via CQI and converted to a spectral efficiency of 4.2 bits / symbol. The system bandwidth is 100MHz, the total number of PRBs is 273, and the current number of PRBs allocated to this user is 80, with sufficient remaining PRBs.

[0053] The base station power calculation module estimates the amount of power that can be reduced based on the following algorithm:

[0054] First, based on the current spectrum efficiency SE = 4.2 bits / symbol, the amount of data that each PRB can carry per millisecond is approximately 4.2 × 12 × 14 × 1000 / 1000 ≈ 705.6 kbps (simplified calculation). The user's required throughput R_req = 25 Mbps, and the required number of PRBs N_req = 25 Mbps / 0.7056 Mbps ≈ 35.4. The actual allocated PRBs are 80, far exceeding the demand, indicating ample system resources and significant room for power reduction.

[0055] Secondly, using the link-level simulation mapping table, the minimum SINR required to maintain the current MCS level (corresponding to a spectral efficiency of 4.2) is 18dB. The current measured SINR for the user is 22dB, therefore the theoretical upper limit for power reduction is 4dB. If the user service is marked as latency-insensitive (in this embodiment, video backhaul allows for second-level buffering), the base station can enable "relaxed mode," relaxing the target SINR to 15dB (corresponding to a spectral efficiency of approximately 3.6 after MCS downgrading), at which point the upper limit for power reduction is 7dB.

[0056] Taking into account both interference suppression requirements and service assurance levels, this embodiment conservatively selects a power reduction of 4dB, reducing the target transmit power from the current 43dBm to 39dBm.

[0057] The power calculation module sends the target power value of 39dBm to the downlink scheduler and power control module. Since this operation involves reducing power, the base station executes the following procedure:

[0058] The downlink scheduler first enters the pre-adjustment phase. Over 10 consecutive TTIs, the scheduler gradually adapts parameters such as the MCS order and PRB quantity allocated to the user to the expected channel quality state under 39dBm power. During the pre-adjustment period, the base station does not change its radio frequency transmit power, but only simulates resource allocation under low-power conditions through scheduling strategies to ensure that the user's service rate is not impacted.

[0059] After pre-adjustment, the power control module sends a power reduction command to the RF unit. The RF unit uses a gradual stepping method, reducing the power by 0.5dB per time slot (1ms), smoothly transitioning to 39dBm after 8 time slots. The entire adjustment process is imperceptible to the user, and the video transmission is smooth without any stuttering.

[0060] After completing the power adjustment, the base station immediately initiates the broadcast information update process. According to the 3GPP TS 38.331 protocol, the base station modifies the ss-PBCH-BlockPower field in SIB1 from 43.0dBm to 39.0dBm. The BCCH modification period is set to 5.12 seconds. The base station sends the updated SIB1 at the first scheduling opportunity after the current modification period boundary, and simultaneously carries the system information change indication via paging DCI 1_0 format.

[0061] After the terminal detects the change indication in the next paging cycle, it actively rereads SIB1 to obtain the new ss-PBCH-BlockPower value of 39.0dBm and immediately updates its internal path loss estimation parameters. All subsequent downlink measurements, link adaptation, and power control are calculated based on the new path loss to ensure optimal closed-loop link performance.

[0062] Although this embodiment primarily describes the power reduction process, to demonstrate the completeness of the technical solution, the power boosting process when the user moves to a more distant location is also explained here. Assume that several minutes later, the commander moves the terminal towards the edge of the base station's coverage area, and the uplink SRS received power gradually decreases to -88dBm, below the boosting threshold TH_low -85dBm. The base station triggers the power boosting process: the power calculation module gradually increases the target transmit power by 1dB each time, based on current service requirements and channel quality, until it recovers to the maximum of 47dBm or meets service requirements. During the boosting process, the base station directly instructs the power control module to execute the boost, without the need for pre-adjustment of scheduling parameters. The broadcast information synchronization update process is consistent with the power reduction process, and the terminal obtains the latest transmit power value in real time.

[0063] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for adaptively scaling the coverage area of ​​a wireless cell, characterized in that, Including the following steps: S1: Identify key users for protection; S2: Based on the service quality requirements of the key users, calculate the minimum downlink transmit power required to maintain the current service; S3: Adjust the downlink transmission power of the base station according to the minimum downlink transmission power; S4: The adjusted downlink transmit power is notified to the terminal via broadcast information.

2. The method for adaptively scaling the coverage area of ​​a wireless cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The identification of key protected users in S1 includes one or more of the following methods: Identification is performed using the International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI) or the Public Land Mobile Network Identifier (PLMN). Identification is performed through a dedicated bearer established by the user; Identification is achieved through business model analysis or deep packet inspection of user plane data packets.

3. The method for adaptively scaling the coverage area of ​​a wireless cell according to claim 2, characterized in that, The calculation of the minimum downlink transmit power required to maintain the current service in S2 includes: Based on one or more parameters among the current downlink traffic, spectrum efficiency, and remaining resources within the system bandwidth of the key users, estimate the adjustable amount of the downlink transmit power of the base station; For latency-insensitive services, reduced spectrum efficiency is permissible in exchange for a greater reduction in downlink power.

4. The method for adaptively scaling the coverage area of ​​a wireless cell according to claim 3, characterized in that, Adjusting the downlink transmit power of the base station in step S3 includes: When it is determined that the power needs to be reduced, the downlink scheduling parameters are first fixed to values ​​that adapt to the reduced power, and then the downlink power control module is instructed to reduce the transmit power. When it is determined that the power needs to be increased, the downlink power control module is directly instructed to increase the transmit power, with the upper limit being the maximum downlink transmit power of the base station.

5. The method for adaptively scaling the coverage area of ​​a wireless cell according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step S4, the adjusted downlink transmit power is notified to the terminal via broadcast information, including: The adjusted downlink transmit power value is broadcast to the terminal via the ss-PBCH-BlockPower field in the system information block SIB1, so that the terminal can update the path loss estimate.

6. The method for adaptively scaling the coverage area of ​​a wireless cell according to claim 5, characterized in that, Also includes S5: The uplink detection reference signal strength of the key protected user is measured, and the location or signal quality of the key protected user relative to the base station is determined based on the measurement results.

7. The method for adaptively scaling the coverage area of ​​a wireless cell according to claim 5, characterized in that, Also includes S5: The system receives measurement reports from the key protected users, which include A1 event information or A2 event information, and determines the location or signal quality of the key protected users relative to the base station based on the measurement reports.

8. A method for adaptively scaling the coverage area of ​​a wireless cell according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, Also includes S6: Preset signal strength threshold; When the measured uplink signal strength or downlink signal strength is higher than the threshold, the downlink transmit power is reduced. When the measured uplink or downlink signal strength is lower than the threshold, the downlink transmit power is increased.

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