Efficient sand-carrying high-inclination high-confined water stratum wire-line coring drilling equipment and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of geological mineral exploration and engineering geological exploration and development, and discloses efficient sand-carrying high-inclination high-confined water stratum wire-line coring drilling equipment and method, and the equipment comprises a wire-line coring drilling tool assembly, a high-pressure flushing fluid circulating system, a drilling hole sand-carrying structure and an in-hole sand setting prevention centralizing device; the high-pressure flushing fluid circulating system is communicated with the inner pipe body through the water passing sleeve, the in-hole sand setting prevention centralizing device comprises an elastic clamping chamber, an elastic clamping blocking head and a centralizing ring matched with an SQ drill rod, and the high-pressure flushing fluid circulating system pumps solid-free high-viscosity flushing fluid with the density being 1.10-1.25 g / cm < 3 > into a hole. And the integrated operation of well killing, sand carrying and wall protecting is achieved. Through instant sealing of the two-way ball valve, three-stage reaming sand carrying and cooperation of the high-shearing-force solid-free flushing fluid, the one-time well killing success rate of the high-inclination high-confined-water stratum is greatly increased, and the problem of chain accidents caused by gushing water dilution, a cuttings bed, drill jamming and drill burying is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of geological and mineral exploration and development and engineering geological exploration technology, specifically to a high-efficiency wireline coring drilling device and method for sand-carrying, steeply inclined, and highly confined water-bearing strata. Background Technology

[0002] With the implementation of national strategic projects such as energy, transportation, and the national water network, my country's infrastructure construction has flourished, making it the country with the largest number, scale, and difficulty of underground engineering projects. The western region faces extremely complex topographic and geological conditions, including high altitude, deep burial, high stress, high water pressure, and large elevation differences, as well as unclear lithological distribution patterns and a lack of original lithological data. These challenges have seriously hindered the strategic development needs of major national engineering projects, making multi-dimensional, refined, and directional exploration imperative.

[0003] Exploration of deep-buried tunnels (caves) in challenging areas such as high-altitude mountainous regions and deeply incised river valleys presents complex and harsh geographical conditions. The use of vertical drilling rigs is difficult or even impossible to transport, necessitating the use of horizontal or highly inclined directional drilling to reach the target strata. While wireline coring is typically employed, encountering highly confined aquifers causes the flushing fluid to dilute rapidly, resulting in quick settling of rock dust. Furthermore, according to relevant data, at borehole inclinations of 40-50°, cuttings beds easily form, accumulating at the bottom of the borehole and hindering their return. In these situations, particularly in highly inclined, highly confined aquifers, the difficulty in returning cuttings (dust) and the presence of significant sediment within the borehole increase the risk of stuck drill bits or drill string burial accidents. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a high-efficiency wireline coring drilling device and method for carrying sand in highly inclined and confined aquifer formations. This solves the problems of existing technologies in highly inclined and confined aquifer formations, such as difficulty in returning rock cuttings (powder), excessive sand accumulation in the borehole, and the risk of stuck drill or buried drill accidents.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a high-efficiency wireline coring drilling device for high-angle, high-confined water-bearing formations carrying sand, comprising: Wireline coring assembly, high-pressure flushing fluid circulation system, borehole sand-carrying structure and in-hole anti-sand settling and straightening device; The wireline coring assembly includes, from top to bottom, the following components connected in sequence: spearhead 1, positioning spring, positioning pin, elastic pin 1, spearhead seat, elastic pin 2, recovery tube, spring clip holder, expansion spring, elastic pin 3, spring clip plate, elastic pin 4, steel ball 1, adapter joint, ball valve sleeve 1, pressure spring 1, water sleeve, sealing piston, sealing seat, rivet, suspension ring, steel ball 2, ball valve sleeve 2, suspension joint, pressure spring 2, double-layer self-locking washer, adjusting nut, spindle body, valve plate, bearing sleeve, bearing 1, bearing seat, bearing 2, spindle spring, self-locking nut, inner tube joint, oil nozzle, double-layer self-locking valve gasket, steel ball, valve cover, inner tube body, snap ring, snap ring body, snap ring seat, and drill bit. The high-pressure flushing fluid circulation system is connected to the inner tube body through the water jacket. The borehole sand-carrying structure includes a reamer, a centralizing ring, an outer tube, a seat ring, and an upper reamer. The in-hole anti-sand settling centralizing device includes a spring-loaded chamber, a spring-loaded stop, and the centralizing ring that cooperates with the SQ drill pipe. The high-pressure flushing fluid circulation system pumps a solid-free, high-viscosity flushing fluid with a density of 1.10-1.25 g / cm³ into the borehole to achieve integrated well control, sand carrying, and wall protection operations.

[0006] Preferably, the ball valve sleeve one and ball valve sleeve two form a two-way sealing valve structure through steel ball one, steel ball two, and pressure spring one and pressure spring two, which automatically closes when retrieving the inner tube to prevent high-pressure water in the hole from flowing back into the inner tube and ensure the safety of continuous rope coring operation.

[0007] Preferably, the spring clip holder, spring, spring clip plate, spring clip chamber, and spring clip stop cooperate to form a retractable spring clip positioning mechanism, which automatically clamps the outer tube when the inner tube is lowered, and releases the clamping by lifting with a wire rope during retrieval, thereby achieving accurate retrieval and repeated lowering.

[0008] Preferably, the reamer is located above the drill bit, and the upper reamer is located at the top of the outer tube. Together with the straightening ring, they form a three-stage reaming and sand-carrying channel, which improves the efficiency of rock cuttings returning to the drill bit and prevents the formation of rock cuttings beds in the 40° to 70° steep borehole section.

[0009] Preferably, the water jacket is provided with multiple oblique injection holes, which, in conjunction with the high-pressure flushing fluid circulation system, form a vortex scouring zone near the drill bit, rapidly suspending the rock powder at the bottom of the hole and carrying it to the inlet of the reamer.

[0010] Preferably, the high-pressure flushing fluid circulation system uses a solid-free, environmentally friendly flushing fluid with the following formula: Density 1.15 g / cm³: Water + 10-50% HCOONa + 0.2-0.5% XC-HV + 1-3% PGCS-1 + NaOH; Density 1.25 g / cm³: Water + 30-45% HCOONa + 0.2-0.5% XC-HV + 1-3% PGCS-1 + NaOH; Performance parameters: viscosity 60-100 s, static shear force 0.5-3 / 2-6 Pa, transparent and non-fluorescent, recyclable.

[0011] Preferably, the spindle body achieves high-speed rotation with the outer tube through bearing one, bearing two and bearing sleeve, and with the non-sludge-forming properties of the transparent flushing fluid, it ensures that the drill bit does not stick to the inner tube.

[0012] Preferably, the seat ring is threaded to the SQ drill pipe, and the gap between the outer diameter of the centering ring and the borehole diameter is ≤3mm. With the help of a large-volume pump, it ensures that rock cuttings do not accumulate in the 40° to 70° slope section.

[0013] Preferably, the outer tube includes a first connecting tube and a second connecting tube. One end of the first connecting tube is snapped into the inside of the second connecting tube. A connecting post is fixedly connected to one end of the first connecting tube, and a retaining plate is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting post. A baffle is fixedly connected to the outside of the second connecting tube. An L-shaped groove and a sliding groove are formed inside the second connecting tube. A fixing and release assembly is installed inside the second connecting tube. The outside of the retaining plate is installed inside the L-shaped groove.

[0014] The fixed release assembly includes a handle, the outside of which is slidably connected to the inside of the second connecting tube via a groove. A connecting plate is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the handle, the outside of which is slidably connected to the inside of the second connecting tube. A fixing plate is fixedly connected to the inside of the second connecting tube. Connecting rod one and connecting rod two are fixedly connected to the outside of the connecting plate. Connecting rod one and connecting rod two are slidably connected to the inside of the fixed plate. An eccentric block is fixedly connected to one end of connecting rod one. A rubber pad is fixedly connected to the outside of the eccentric block. One end of connecting rod two is fixedly connected to the outside of the eccentric block. A pressure spring three is installed between the eccentric block and the fixed plate. The pressure spring three is sleeved on the outside of connecting rod two.

[0015] The preferred method for efficient wireline coring in highly inclined, sand-carrying, and confined aquifer formations includes the following steps: S1. Prepare a solid-free flushing fluid with a density of 1.15-1.25 g / cm³ on the ground and pump it to fill the borehole volume in one go; S2. Lower the wireline coring assembly, and the spring clip mechanism automatically positions and locks it; S3. Start the high-volume pump, and the flushing fluid forms a vortex at the bottom of the hole through the inclined spray hole of the water jacket. S4. The drill bit breaks the rock, and the rock powder enters the third-stage enlargement sand-carrying channel with the high-shear flushing fluid. S5. The straightening ring prevents the drill string from deviating and inhibits the formation of cuttings beds; S6. Drill to the specified depth, the retrieval device retrieves the inner pipe, and the two-way ball valve automatically seals to prevent backflow. S7. After replacing the inner tube, lower it again. The spring clip will automatically reset, and drilling can continue. S8. Monitor the density and viscosity of the flushing fluid throughout the process. If the density decreases, replenish HCOONa and XC-HV to maintain stable performance.

[0016] Working principle: First, a solid-free, high-viscosity flushing fluid with a density of 1.15-1.25 g / cm³ is prepared on the surface (using HCOONa as a weighting agent, XC-HV as a viscosity enhancer and shearing agent, PGCS-1 as a friction reducer, and a pH of 8-9). The entire flushing fluid is pumped into the borehole using a high-displacement mud pump to replace the original liquid in the borehole. After the new mud returns to the surface and confirms that there is no water inflow, a liquid column pressure balance is established to inhibit the intrusion of high-pressure water and achieve well control drilling.

[0017] Next, the wireline coring assembly is lowered. The spring clip opens under the action of the spring spring, and the spring clip plate cooperates with the spring clip chamber through the elastic pin to automatically clamp and position the outer tube. The inner tube is connected to the main shaft body through the suspension joint. The two-way ball valve (ball valve sleeve one, ball valve sleeve two, and steel ball one and steel ball two) is kept open under the action of the pressure spring. The flushing fluid is ejected at high speed through the oblique nozzle of the water jacket, forming a vortex scouring zone near the drill bit. The rock powder produced by breaking the rock is quickly suspended and carried upward by the flushing fluid with high static shear force (0.5-3 / 2-6 Pa).

[0018] Secondly, the rock cuttings enter the three-stage reaming and sand-carrying channel with the flushing fluid. The reamer behind the drill bit expands the annular flow channel. The upper reamer and the centralizing ring work together to keep the drill string centered. The annular clearance is controlled within 3 mm. With the flushing fluid viscosity of 60-100s, it is ensured that rock cuttings do not deposit or form a rock cuttings bed in the 40°-70° high-angle borehole section. The rock cuttings are continuously returned to the surface.

[0019] Finally, after drilling to the designed depth of the coring section, the retrieval tool is deployed. The spearhead engages with the retrieval hook, the wire rope is pulled up, and the spring-loaded mechanism is released under the compression of the spring. The two-way ball valve closes quickly under the combined action of the liquid column pressure and the pressure spring in the borehole, sealing the inner tube to prevent high-pressure water backflow. The inner tube, along with the core, is safely pulled out, completing the coring operation. After replacing the inner tube, it is lowered again, the spring-loaded mechanism automatically resets and locks, the ball valve reopens, and the flushing fluid circulation is restored. The above process is repeated to achieve continuous wireline coring drilling.

[0020] The entire process utilizes high-density flushing fluid to achieve pressure balance, high-shear flushing fluid to achieve efficient sand carrying, a three-stage borehole expansion structure to ensure unobstructed flow channels, and a two-way ball valve and spring-loaded mechanism to ensure safe retrieval, forming a closed-loop operation system that ensures high coring rate, low accident rate, and significantly improved drilling efficiency in steeply inclined, highly confined water-bearing formations.

[0021] This invention provides a high-efficiency wireline coring drilling device and method for carrying sand through steeply inclined, highly confined aquifer formations. It offers the following advantages: 1. This invention achieves a significant increase in the success rate of one-time well control in highly deviated and high-pressure water-bearing formations by using a two-way ball valve instant sealing, a three-stage borehole expansion and sand carrying system in synergy with a high-shear-force solid-free flushing fluid. It also solves the problem of chain accidents caused by water inrush dilution, cuttings beds, stuck drill bits, and buried drill bits.

[0022] 2. This invention uses a transparent, non-fluorescent, recyclable, and environmentally friendly flushing fluid in conjunction with a high-speed, non-sticky spindle structure to prevent the inner tube from sticking to the drill bit and breaking the wire rope, thereby improving the efficiency of continuous rope coring operations and achieving both economic and ecological benefits.

[0023] 3. This invention integrates automatic card ejection positioning, eddy current bottom cleaning, straightening and anti-deviation, and real-time performance stabilization processes to form a standardized closed-loop drilling method, which meets the multi-dimensional and refined exploration needs of deep-buried tunnels in high-altitude and rugged mountainous areas.

[0024] 4. During installation, this invention only requires rotation and snap-fit, and automatic locking is achieved by spring reset. It does not require complicated tools or professional operation, which greatly shortens the time for disassembling and assembling the outer tube. Especially in harsh environments such as high altitude and mountainous areas, it can reduce equipment downtime for maintenance and improve the overall drilling efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a partial structural diagram of the upper hole expander of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a partial structural diagram of the baffle of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a partial structural diagram of the arc-shaped plate of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a partial structural diagram of the L-shaped slot of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a partial structural diagram of the fixed release component of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the three-part structure of the pressure spring of the present invention.

[0026] The components are as follows: 1. Spearhead 1; 2. Positioning spring; 3. Positioning pin; 4. Elastic pin 1; 5. Spearhead seat; 6. Elastic pin 2; 7. Recovery tube; 8. Spring clip holder; 9. Expansion spring; 10. Elastic pin 3; 11. Spring clip plate; 12. Elastic pin 4; 13. Steel ball 1; 14. Adapter joint; 15. Ball valve sleeve 1; 16. Pressure spring 1; 17. Water sleeve; 18. Sealing piston; 19. Sealing seat; 20. Rivet pin; 21. Suspension ring; 22. Steel ball 2; 23. Ball valve sleeve 2; 24. Suspension joint; 25. Pressure spring 2; 26. Double-layered self-locking washer; 27. Adjusting nut; 28. Main shaft body; 29. ​​Valve plate; 30. Bearing sleeve; 31. Bearing 1; 32. Bearing seat; 33. Bearing 2; 34. Main shaft spring; 35. Self-locking nut; 36. Inner tube joint; 3 7. Oil filler nozzle; 38. Double-layer self-locking valve gasket; 39. Steel ball; 40. Valve gland; 41. Inner tube body; 42. Snap ring retainer; 43. Snap ring body; 44. Snap ring seat; 45. Drill bit; 46. Reamer I; 47. Centralizing ring; 48. Outer tube; 481. Connecting pipe I; 482. Connecting pipe II; 483. Connecting post; 484. Arc retainer plate; 485. Baffle; 486. L 487. Slide groove; 488. Fixed release assembly; 4881. Handle; 4882. Connecting plate; 4883. Fixing plate; 4884. Connecting rod one; 4885. Eccentric block; 4886. Rubber pad; 4887. Connecting rod two; 4888. Pressure spring three; 49. Seat ring; 50. Upper reamer; 51. Spring-loaded chamber; 52. Spring-loaded stop; 53. SQ drill rod. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] Please see the appendix Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 This invention provides a high-efficiency wireline coring drilling device for high-angle, high-confined water-bearing formations carrying sand, comprising: Wireline coring assembly, high-pressure flushing fluid circulation system, borehole sand-carrying structure and in-hole anti-sand settling and straightening device; The wireline coring assembly includes, from top to bottom, the following components connected in sequence: spearhead 1, positioning spring 2, positioning pin 3, elastic pin 1, spearhead seat 5, elastic pin 2, recovery tube 7, spring clip holder 8, tension spring 9, elastic pin 3, spring clip plate 11, elastic pin 4, steel ball 13, adapter joint 14, ball valve sleeve 15, pressure spring 16, water passage sleeve 17, sealing piston 18, sealing seat 19, rivet 20, suspension ring 21, and steel ball 22. 23. Ball valve sleeve 2, 24. Suspension joint 2, 25. Pressure spring 2, 26. Double-layer self-locking washer 27. Adjusting nut 28. Main spindle body 29. Valve plate 30. Bearing sleeve 31. Bearing 1 32. Bearing seat 33. Bearing 2 34. Main spindle spring 35. Self-locking nut 36. Inner tube joint 37. Oil injection nozzle 38. Double-layer self-locking valve gasket 39. Steel ball 40. Valve cover 41. Inner tube body 42. Snap ring retainer 43. Snap ring body 44. Snap ring seat 45. Drill bit; The high-pressure flushing fluid circulation system is connected to the inner tube body 41 through the water jacket 17. The borehole sand-carrying structure includes a reamer 46, a centralizing ring 47, an outer tube 48, a seat ring 49, and an upper reamer 50. The in-hole anti-sand settling centralizing device includes a spring-loaded chamber 51, a spring-loaded stop 52, and a centralizing ring 47 that cooperates with the SQ drill pipe 53. The high-pressure flushing fluid circulation system pumps a solid-free, high-viscosity flushing fluid with a density of 1.10-1.25 g / cm³ into the borehole to achieve integrated well control, sand carrying, and wall protection operations.

[0029] Specifically, this equipment is the largest wireline coring drill in China with a large inclination borehole. After the equipment is assembled, before it is lowered into the borehole, the pre-prepared full volume of high-density solid-free flushing fluid is pumped into the borehole volume at once by a surface mud pump. The flushing fluid flows down at high speed along the inner cavity of the SQ drill pipe 53 and enters the water jacket 17 through the annular channel formed by the seat ring 49 and the outer tube 48. The evenly distributed oblique injection holes on the inner wall of the water jacket 17 spray the flushing fluid at an angle of 45° to 60° onto the cutting surface of the drill bit 45, forming a local vortex scouring zone. The rock powder at the bottom of the hole is instantly suspended under the action of the flushing fluid with a static shear force of 0.5-3 / 2-6 Pa, preventing the rock powder from accumulating at the bottom of the drill bit and causing repeated crushing or stuck drill bit. At the same time, the liquid column pressure formed by the flushing fluid density of 1.15-1.25 g / cm³ is 15%-25% greater than the formation pressure head, achieving dynamic balance well control and preventing high-pressure water from backflowing and diluting the flushing fluid along the gap between the core and the drill bit.

[0030] After the drill bit is lowered to the bottom of the hole, the spring 9 is compressed by the inner wall of the outer tube 48 to store energy. The spring clamp plate 11 is radially opened under the guidance of the elastic pin three 10 and the elastic pin four 12 and is embedded in the annular groove in the spring clamp chamber 51. The spring clamp stop head 52 restricts the axial displacement of the spring clamp plate 11 to form a rigid lock. The inner tube body 41 is suspended and positioned with the spindle body 28 through the suspension joint 24. The double-layer self-locking washer 26 and the adjusting nut 27 are pre-tightened to eliminate axial movement and ensure that the drill bit 45 does not wobble.

[0031] During drilling, rock cuttings, carried upwards by the flushing fluid, first enter the local enlargement section formed by the reamer 46. The shear dilution effect is weakened, and the viscosity of the flushing fluid recovers to 60–100 s, enhancing its carrying capacity. Subsequently, it enters the secondary annulus between the centralizing ring 47 and the outer tube 48. The upper reamer 50 enlarges the diameter again by 10%–15%, forming a three-stage stepped sand-carrying channel. The total flow area of ​​the annulus is 35%–45% larger than that of conventional wireline coring. The rock cuttings return velocity is stabilized at 0.8–1.2 m / s, solving the problem of rock cuttings bed thickness >50 mm in the 40°–50° inclination section. 1–3% solid polyol PGCS-1 in the flushing fluid forms a low-friction lubricating film between the drill pipe and the borehole wall, reducing the friction of the drill string by 40%–60% when raising and lowering it, thus avoiding stuck drill accidents.

[0032] After core extraction, the retrieval device is deployed. The spearhead 1 engages with the retrieval hook, the steel wire rope is lifted, the spring 9 releases its elastic potential energy, and the spring clamp 11 retracts along the inclined surface of the spring clamp chamber 51 under the upward traction of the inner tube, releasing the lock. At the same time, the pressure of the liquid column in the hole, together with the pressure spring 16 and the pressure spring 25, causes the steel ball 13 and the steel ball 22 to press the sealing ball valve sleeve 15 and the ball valve sleeve 23 respectively, sealing the inner tube channel in both directions to prevent high-pressure water backflow from causing core erosion and loss. The sealing piston 18 and the sealing seat 19 form a secondary seal under the limit of the rivet 20, further isolating the annulus from the inner tube. The core is extracted intact in an environment without water flow disturbance.

[0033] Please see the appendix Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 Ball valve sleeve 15 and ball valve sleeve 23 form a two-way sealing valve structure through steel ball 13, steel ball 22, pressure spring 16, and pressure spring 25. It automatically closes when retrieving the inner tube to prevent high-pressure water in the hole from flowing back into the inner tube and ensure the safety of continuous rope coring operation. The spring clip frame 8, spring 9, spring clip plate 11, spring clip chamber 51, and spring clip stop head 52 cooperate to form a telescopic spring clip positioning mechanism. It automatically clamps the outer tube 48 when lowering the inner tube and releases the clamp by lifting the wire rope during retrieval, achieving accurate retrieval and repeated lowering.

[0034] Specifically, when lowering the inner tube assembly of the rope corer, the spring clip 8 slides along the inner wall of the outer tube 48 in the initial compressed state of the spring spring 9. When the inclined surface of the front end of the spring clip plate 11 contacts the conical surface of the inlet of the spring clip chamber 51, constrained by the inner diameter of the outer tube 48, the spring clip plate 11 contracts inward under the radial guidance of the elastic pin three 10 and the elastic pin four 12, and the spring spring 9 is further compressed to store energy. As it continues to be lowered to the design depth, after the spring clip plate 11 passes the abrupt change section of the annular slot in the spring clip chamber 51, the spring spring 9 releases its elastic potential energy instantaneously, pushing the spring clip frame 8 to open radially. The outer end of the spring clip plate 11 is embedded in the preset rectangular slot in the spring clip chamber 51, and the spring clip stop head 52 blocks the rear end face of the spring clip plate 11 axially upward, forming a rigid lock.

[0035] Please see the appendix Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 The reamer 46 is located above the drill bit 45, and the upper reamer 50 is located at the top of the outer tube 48. Together with the straightening ring 47, they form a three-stage reaming and sand-carrying channel to improve the efficiency of rock cuttings returning to the hole and prevent the formation of rock cuttings beds in the 40° to 70° high-angle hole section. The water jacket 17 is equipped with multiple inclined jet holes, which, in conjunction with the high-pressure flushing fluid circulation system, form a vortex scouring zone near the drill bit 45, which quickly suspends the rock powder at the bottom of the hole and carries it to the inlet of the reamer 46.

[0036] Specifically, after drilling starts, the high-pressure flushing fluid circulation system pumps a solid-free flushing fluid with a density of 1.15–1.25 g / cm³, a viscosity of 60–100 s, and a static shear force of 0.5–3 / 2–6 Pa at a high speed along the inner cavity of the SQ drill pipe 53 at a discharge rate of 200–300 L / min. After being diverted by the seat ring 49, it enters the annular channel between the outer tube 48 and the inner tube body 41, and finally converges into the water jacket 17. The lower end of the water jacket 17 is uniformly circumferentially arranged with 8–12 oblique injection holes, forming an annular vortex scouring zone with a radius of 150–200 mm. This instantly destroys the rock powder deposition layer at the bottom of the drill bit and on the lower wall of the annulus, forcibly suspending and entraining rock cuttings with a particle size ≤2 mm into the main fluid, preventing repeated crushing and drill bit mud accumulation.

[0037] Please see the appendix Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 The main shaft body 28 achieves high-speed rotation with the outer tube 48 via bearing 31, bearing 33, and bearing sleeve 30. Combined with the non-sludge-forming properties of the transparent flushing fluid, it ensures that the inner tube does not stick to the drill bit 45. The seat ring 49 is threadedly connected to the SQ drill rod 53. The gap between the outer diameter of the centering ring 47 and the borehole diameter is ≤3mm. Combined with a large-volume pump, it ensures that rock cuttings do not accumulate in the 40° to 70° slope section. The equipment also includes a ground-based one-time slurry preparation system. The borehole volume is pre-calculated, and the full amount of high-density flushing fluid is prepared at one time and pumped into the hole. The pump is not stopped in the middle. Drilling can only be circulated after the new slurry returns to the ground to prevent density dilution from causing water inrush or sand settling.

[0038] Specifically, during the drilling process, the main shaft body 28 rotates through bearing 1 31, bearing 2 33 and bearing sleeve 30. High-temperature resistant grease is injected into the bearing cavity through grease nipple 37. With the main shaft spring 34 and self-locking nut 35 axially pre-tightened, the transparent solid-free flushing fluid does not precipitate solid particles or form mud at high speed.

[0039] Please see the appendix Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 The high-pressure flushing fluid circulation system uses a solid-free, environmentally friendly flushing fluid with the following formula: Density 1.15 g / cm³: Water + 10-50% HCOONa + 0.2-0.5% XC-HV + 1-3% PGCS-1 + NaOH (pH 8-9); Density 1.25 g / cm³: Water + 30-45% HCOONa + 0.2-0.5% XC-HV + 1-3% PGCS-1 + NaOH (pH 8-9); Performance parameters: viscosity 60-100 s, static shear force 0.5-3 / 2-6 Pa, transparent and non-fluorescent, recyclable.

[0040] Specifically, the flushing fluid is prepared in a one-time ground-based slurry preparation system. First, calculated clean water is pumped into the mixing tank. A 1.15 g / cm³ formulation is used when the expected formation water pressure is ≤8 MPa, and a 1.25 g / cm³ formulation is used when it is >8 MPa. Taking 1.25 g / cm³ as an example, 30–45% sodium formate is added first, and the mixture is stirred for at least 30 minutes until completely dissolved, forming a transparent, high-density base liquid with a measured density of 1.24–1.26 g / cm³. Then, 0.2–0.5% xanthan gum XC-HV is slowly added, while stirring and heating to 40–50°C. Shear dispersion is performed for 15 minutes, until the viscosity reaches 60–80 s and the static shear force reaches 0.5–3 Pa. After continuing stirring for 10 minutes, the static shear force stabilizes at 2–6 Pa. Pa is added to form a high viscoelastic network structure; then 1-3% solid polyol PGCS-1 is added and stirred for 5 min to dissolve, forming a low-friction lubricating layer; finally, NaOH solution is added dropwise to adjust the pH to 8.0-9.0. The final performance is as follows: viscosity 60-100 s, static shear force 0.5-3 / 2-6 Pa, density 1.24-1.26 g / cm³, fluorescence grade ≤1, filtration loss ≤8 mL / 30 min. After preparation, no solid phase precipitation is observed after standing for 30 min.

[0041] Before pumping, filter the fluid once using a 200-mesh vibrating screen to remove undissolved particles. The flushing fluid is continuously pumped into the SQ drill pipe 53 at a flow rate of 250-350 L / min. Upon entering the borehole, it immediately forms a density barrier upon encountering high-pressure water, with an over-balance pressure difference of 0.3-0.6 MPa in the liquid column. This effectively seals the seepage channels in the fractures, suppresses the initial flow rate of water inrush to ≤0.5 L / min, and avoids the vicious cycle of the flushing fluid being diluted, leading to a sudden drop in density >0.1 g / cm³.

[0042] During cyclic use, samples were taken and monitored every 2 hours: when the density decreased by 0.02-0.03 g / cm³, HCOONa was added to the original concentration; when the viscosity was <60 s or the static shear force was <1.5 Pa, 0.1% XC-HV was added and the mixture was circulated at high speed for 5 min to recover; PGCS-1 was added at 0.5% as the frictional resistance increased, maintaining the frictional resistance coefficient ≤0.15.

[0043] Please see the appendix Figure 3 A highly efficient wireline coring method for sand-carrying, steeply inclined, and highly confined water-bearing formations includes the following steps: S1. Prepare a solid-free flushing fluid with a density of 1.15-1.25 g / cm³ on the ground and pump it to fill the borehole volume in one go; S2. Lower the wireline coring assembly, and the spring clip mechanism automatically positions and locks it; S3. Start the high-volume pump, and the flushing fluid forms a bottom vortex through the inclined spray hole of the water jacket 17. S4, Drill bit 45 breaks the rock, and rock powder enters the third-stage borehole enlargement and sand-carrying channel with the high-shear flushing fluid; S5, straightening ring 47 prevents drill bit deviation and inhibits cuttings bed formation; S6. Drill to the specified depth, the retrieval device retrieves the inner pipe, and the two-way ball valve automatically seals to prevent backflow. S7. After replacing the inner tube, lower it again. The spring clip will automatically reset, and drilling can continue. S8. Monitor the density and viscosity of the flushing fluid throughout the process. If the density decreases, replenish HCOONa and XC-HV to maintain stable performance.

[0044] Specifically, in S1, the theoretical volume is calculated based on the borehole depth, diameter, inclination, and formation confined water head before drilling. A 1.25 g / cm³ formula (clean water + 42% HCOONa + 0.4% XC-HV + 2% PGCS-1 + NaOH adjusted to pH 8.5) is selected. The mixture is stirred at high speed in a mixing tank for 45 minutes. After the performance meets the standard, it is continuously pumped in at a discharge rate of 500 L / min with a pump stop time of <15 s until the density of the fresh slurry returned from the borehole is ≥1.23 g / cm³ and the viscosity is ≥70 s. An overbalance pressure difference of 0.4 MPa is established, and the water inflow is monitored in real time to be ≤0.3 L / min. The well kill success rate is 100%, avoiding density stratification and local dilution caused by traditional batch slurry replacement.

[0045] In S2, the wireline coring assembly is lowered at a speed of 2-3 m / s. The spring clamp 11 automatically opens and locks in the spring clamp chamber 51 under the action of the spring 9. During the lowering process, the flushing fluid circulates at a small rate to prevent sand from burying the drill bit.

[0046] In S3, the mud pump is started to 280 L / min, and the flushing fluid is ejected through the water jacket 17 to form a vortex zone with a bottom radius of 180 mm.

[0047] In S4, the drill bit 45 breaks the rock, and the rock powder particle size is ≤1.5 mm. It enters the reamer 46 with the flushing fluid with static shear force ≥2.5 Pa; then it passes through the longitudinal groove of the straightening ring 47 and the upper reamer 50.

[0048] In S5, the centralizing ring 47 provides radial support in conjunction with the spiral guide channel. The rock cuttings slide down at an inclination of 40° to 70° with a velocity of <0.18 m / s. Real-time ultrasonic thickness gauges verify that there is no rock cuttings bed accumulation.

[0049] In S6, when drilling reaches the core section depth, the retrieval device is lowered, the spearhead engages and is then lifted, the spring clip is released, and the two-way ball valve is closed.

[0050] In S7, after replacing the core tube and lowering it again, the spring plate 11 automatically resets and locks, the ball valve opens, and the high-volume circulation is restored.

[0051] In S8, samples are taken every 50 m or every 2 hours using an online density meter and a six-speed viscometer. When the density is <1.20 g / cm³, 2% HCOONa is added; when the viscosity is <65 s, 0.15% XC-HV is added, and the mixture is circulated for 5 minutes to recover. The returned fluid is recovered in three stages.

[0052] Example 2 Please refer to Figures 3-7 The outer tube 48 includes a first connecting tube 481 and a second connecting tube 482. One end of the first connecting tube 481 is snapped into the inside of the second connecting tube 482. A connecting post 483 is fixedly connected to one end of the first connecting tube 481. A retaining plate 484 is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting post 483. A baffle 485 is fixedly connected to the outside of the second connecting tube 482. An L-shaped groove 486 and a sliding groove 487 are opened inside the second connecting tube 482. A fixed release assembly 488 is installed inside the second connecting tube 482. The outside of the retaining plate 484 is installed inside the L-shaped groove 486.

[0053] The fixed release assembly 488 includes a handle 4881, the outside of which is slidably connected to the inside of the second connecting tube 482 via a slide groove 487. A connecting plate 4882 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the handle 4881, the outside of which is slidably connected to the inside of the second connecting tube 482. A fixing plate 4883 is fixedly connected to the inside of the second connecting tube 482. Connecting rod 1 4884 and connecting rod 2 4887 are fixedly connected to the outside of connecting plate 4882. Connecting rod 1 4884 and connecting rod 2 4887 are slidably connected to the inside of fixed plate 4883. One end of connecting rod 1 4884 is fixedly connected to an eccentric block 4885. A rubber pad 4886 is fixedly connected to the outside of eccentric block 4885. One end of connecting rod 2 4887 is fixedly connected to the outside of eccentric block 4885. A pressure spring 3 4888 is installed between eccentric block 4885 and fixed plate 4883. The pressure spring 3 4888 is sleeved on the outside of connecting rod 2 4887.

[0054] Specifically, first, align the connecting post 483 and the arc-locking plate 484 at one end of the connecting pipe 481 with the L-shaped slot 486 of the connecting pipe 482, insert and rotate them so that the arc-locking plate 484 is engaged in the limiting section of the L-shaped slot 486; When the arc plate 484 is inserted into the L-shaped slot 486, the arc plate 484 will push the eccentric block 4885 and the external rubber pad 4886 to squeeze inward. During the squeezing process, the pressure spring 4888 will be compressed, and at the same time, the handle 4881 and the connecting plate 4882 will slide backward. When the arc plate 484 rotates to the limit section of the L-shaped slot 486, the pressure spring 4888 will drive the eccentric block 4885 and the rubber pad 4886 to abut against the arc plate 484 to prevent the connecting pipe 481 and the connecting pipe 482 from becoming loose. Secondly, during the drilling process, the baffle 485 outside the connecting pipe 2 482 can prevent rock cuttings in the hole from directly impacting the connection, providing reliable support for the three-stage borehole enlargement and sand-carrying channel; Finally, when it is necessary to separate the outer tube, push the handle 4881 along the slide groove 487 to drive the connecting plate 4882 and the connected connecting rod 1 4884 and connecting rod 2 4887 to slide, compress the pressure spring 3 4888, and the eccentric block 4885 rotates with the transmission of the connecting rod. The rubber pad 4886 disengages from the connecting column 483. Rotate the connecting tube 1 481 in the opposite direction and pull it out to remove the retaining plate 484 from the L-shaped retaining groove 486, thus realizing the rapid separation of the connecting tube 1 481 and the connecting tube 2 482.

[0055] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency wireline coring drilling device for sand-carrying, steeply inclined, and highly pressurized water-bearing formations, characterized in that: include: Large-diameter wireline coring assembly, high-pressure flushing fluid circulation system, borehole sand-carrying structure and in-hole anti-sand settling and straightening device; The wireline coring assembly includes, from top to bottom, the following components connected in sequence: spearhead one (1), positioning spring (2), positioning pin (3), elastic pin one (4), spearhead seat (5), elastic pin two (6), recovery tube (7), spring clip holder (8), expansion spring (9), elastic pin three (10), spring clip plate (11), elastic pin four (12), steel ball one (13), adapter joint (14), ball valve sleeve one (15), pressure spring one (16), water sleeve (17), sealing piston (18), sealing seat (19), rivet (20), suspension ring (21), and steel ball two (22). Ball valve sleeve 2 (23), suspension joint (24), pressure spring 2 (25), double-layer self-locking washer (26), adjusting nut (27), spindle body (28), valve plate (29), bearing sleeve (30), bearing 1 (31), bearing seat (32), bearing 2 (33), spindle spring (34), self-locking nut (35), inner tube joint (36), oil nozzle (37), double-layer self-locking valve gasket (38), steel ball (39), valve cover (40), inner tube body (41), snap ring retainer (42), snap ring body (43), snap ring seat (44), drill bit (45); The high-pressure flushing fluid circulation system is connected to the inner tube body (41) through the water jacket (17). The borehole sand-carrying structure includes a reamer (46), a centralizing ring (47), an outer tube (48), a seat ring (49), and an upper reamer (50). The borehole anti-sand settling centralizing device includes a spring-loaded chamber (51), a spring-loaded stop (52), and the centralizing ring (47) that cooperates with the SQ drill pipe (53). The high-pressure flushing fluid circulation system pumps a solid-free, high-viscosity flushing fluid with a density of 1.10-1.25 g / cm³ into the borehole to achieve integrated well control, sand carrying, and wall protection operations.

2. The high-efficiency wireline coring drilling equipment for high-angle, high-pressure water-bearing formations with sand-carrying capability according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ball valve sleeve one (15) and ball valve sleeve two (23) form a two-way sealing valve structure through steel ball one (13), steel ball two (22), pressure spring one (16), and pressure spring two (25). It automatically closes when retrieving the inner tube to prevent high-pressure water in the hole from flowing back into the inner tube and ensure the safety of continuous rope coring operation.

3. The high-efficiency wireline coring drilling equipment for high-angle, high-pressure water-bearing formations with sand-carrying capability according to claim 2, characterized in that, The spring clip frame (8), spring (9), spring clip plate (11), spring clip chamber (51), and spring clip stop (52) cooperate to form a telescopic spring clip positioning mechanism. When the inner tube is lowered, the outer tube (48) is automatically clamped. When the inner tube is retrieved, the clamping is released by lifting with a wire rope, so as to achieve accurate retrieval and repeated lowering.

4. The high-efficiency wireline coring drilling equipment for high-angle, high-pressure water-bearing formations with sand-carrying capability according to claim 3, is characterized in that, The reamer (46) is located above the drill bit (45), and the upper reamer (50) is located at the top of the outer tube (48). Together with the straightening ring (47), they form a three-stage reaming and sand-carrying channel to improve the efficiency of rock cuttings returning to the hole and prevent the formation of rock cuttings beds in the 40° to 70° high-angle hole section.

5. The high-efficiency wireline coring drilling equipment for high-angle, high-pressure water-bearing formations with sand-carrying capability according to claim 4, characterized in that, The water jacket (17) is provided with multiple oblique jet holes, which, in conjunction with the high-pressure flushing fluid circulation system, form a vortex scouring zone near the drill bit (45), rapidly suspending the rock powder at the bottom of the hole and carrying it to the inlet of the reamer (46).

6. The high-efficiency wireline coring drilling equipment for high-angle, high-pressure water-bearing formations with sand-carrying capability according to claim 5, characterized in that, The high-pressure flushing fluid circulation system uses a solid-free, environmentally friendly flushing fluid with the following formula: Density 1.15 g / cm³: Water + 10-50% HCOONa + 0.2-0.5% XC-HV + 1-3% PGCS-1 + NaOH (pH 8-9); Density 1.25 g / cm³: Water + 30-45% HCOONa + 0.2-0.5% XC-HV + 1-3% PGCS-1 + NaOH (pH 8-9); Performance parameters: viscosity 60-100 s, static shear force 0.5-3 / 2-6 Pa, transparent and non-fluorescent, recyclable.

7. The high-efficiency wireline coring drilling equipment for high-angle, high-pressure water-bearing formations with sand-carrying capability according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main spindle body (28) achieves high-speed rotation with the outer tube (48) through bearing one (31), bearing two (33) and bearing sleeve (30). Combined with the non-sludge-forming properties of the transparent flushing fluid, it ensures that the inner tube does not stick to the drill bit (45).

8. The high-efficiency wireline coring drilling equipment for high-angle, high-pressure water-bearing formations with sand-carrying capability according to claim 1, characterized in that, The seat ring (49) is threadedly connected to the SQ drill rod (53). The gap between the outer diameter of the centering ring (47) and the borehole diameter is ≤3mm. With the help of a large-volume pump, it ensures that rock cuttings do not deposit in the 40° to 70° slope section.

9. The high-efficiency wireline coring drilling equipment for high-angle, high-pressure water-bearing formations with sand carrying capability according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer tube (48) includes a first connecting tube (481) and a second connecting tube (482). One end of the first connecting tube (481) is snapped into the inside of the second connecting tube (482). One end of the first connecting tube (481) is fixedly connected to a connecting post (483). One end of the connecting post (483) is fixedly connected to a retaining plate (484). A baffle (485) is fixedly connected to the outside of the second connecting tube (482). An L-shaped groove (486) and a sliding groove (487) are provided inside the second connecting tube (482). A fixed release assembly (488) is installed inside the second connecting tube (482). The outside of the retaining plate (484) is installed inside the L-shaped groove (486). The fixed release assembly (488) includes a handle (4881), the outside of which is slidably connected to the inside of the connecting tube two (482) via a slide groove (487). A connecting plate (4882) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the handle (4881), the outside of which is slidably connected to the inside of the connecting tube two (482). A fixing plate (4883) is fixedly connected to the inside of the connecting tube two (482). Connecting rod 1 (4884) and connecting rod 2 (4887) are fixedly connected to the outside of the connecting plate (4882). Connecting rod 1 (4884) and connecting rod 2 (4887) are slidably connected to the inside of the fixed plate (4883). One end of connecting rod 1 (4884) is fixedly connected to an eccentric block (4885). A rubber pad (4886) is fixedly connected to the outside of the eccentric block (4885). One end of connecting rod 2 (4887) is fixedly connected to the outside of the eccentric block (4885). A pressure spring 3 (4888) is installed between the eccentric block (4885) and the fixed plate (4883). The pressure spring 3 (4888) is sleeved on the outside of connecting rod 2 (4887).

10. A high-efficiency wireline coring method for sand-carrying, steeply inclined, and highly confined water-bearing formations, characterized in that... The high-efficiency wireline coring drilling equipment for high-angle, high-confined water formations, as described in any one of claims 1-9, comprises the following steps: S1. Prepare a solid-free flushing fluid with a density of 1.15-1.25 g / cm³ on the ground and pump it to fill the borehole volume in one go; S2. Lower the wireline coring assembly, and the spring clip mechanism automatically positions and locks it; S3. Start the large-capacity pump, and the flushing fluid forms a bottom vortex through the inclined spray hole of the water jacket (17); S4, Drill bit (45) breaks rock, rock powder enters the third-stage reaming sand-carrying channel with high shear force flushing fluid; S5, straightening ring (47) prevents drill bit deviation and inhibits cuttings bed formation; S6. Drill to the specified depth, the retrieval device retrieves the inner pipe, and the two-way ball valve automatically seals to prevent backflow. S7. After replacing the inner tube, lower it again. The spring clip will automatically reset, and drilling can continue. S8. Monitor the density and viscosity of the flushing fluid throughout the process. If the density decreases, replenish HCOONa and XC-HV to maintain stable performance.

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