Near-to-eye display device

Abstract

The invention provides a near-eye display device. The near-to-eye display device comprises an optical system and a display screen. The optical system includes a lens. The display screen is located on the incident side of the optical system. The image light emitted by the display screen is a discrete light beam, and the image light is configured to enable a display picture of the image light to pass through a crystalline lens of a human eye in a fine light beam mode and be imaged on the retina. The diameter of the thin beam is not larger than the pupil diameter of human eyes. The display screen of the near-to-eye display device emits discrete light beams, so that the light beams reaching the human eyes are thin light beams, and the thin light beams can weaken the effect of crystalline lenses in the human eye observation process. When the crystalline lens is in different diopter states, human eyes can clearly see a display picture, so that the display picture formed on the retina is basically not influenced by the problem of myopia astigmatism of the human eyes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] At least one embodiment of this disclosure relates to a near-eye display device. Background Technology

[0002] Virtual Reality (VR) and Mixed Reality (MR) technologies can provide users with highly immersive and interactive experiences. VR technology allows users to be completely immersed in a virtual environment, while MR technology can blend virtual content with the real world, enhancing the user's sense of reality. Summary of the Invention

[0003] At least one embodiment of this disclosure provides a near-eye display device.

[0004] At least one embodiment of this disclosure provides a near-eye display device, comprising: an optical system including a lens; a display screen located on the light-incident side of the optical system; wherein the image light emitted from the display screen is a discrete beam, the image light being configured to display an image as a thin beam passing through the lens of the human eye and forming an image on the retina; the diameter of the thin beam is smaller than the diameter of the pupil of the human eye.

[0005] For example, according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the display screen includes a plurality of sub-pixels, each sub-pixel includes a light-emitting layer, and at least one side of the light-emitting layer is provided with a dimming structure; the dimming structure includes a plurality of microstructures, and each sub-pixel corresponds to at least two of the microstructures to adjust the light emitted from the light-emitting layer from one beam to multiple beams.

[0006] For example, according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the microstructure is located between the light-emitting layer and the optical system, and is configured to adjust the propagation direction of light emitted from the light-emitting layer to the microstructure, so as to adjust the light emitted from the light-emitting layer from one beam to multiple beams.

[0007] For example, according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the display screen includes a substrate, and the plurality of sub-pixel arrays are arranged on the substrate; the microstructure includes microlenses, which are arranged in an array in a direction parallel to the substrate; light emitted from the light-emitting layer of each sub-pixel passes through at least two of the microlenses to adjust the deflection angle of the light by the at least two microlenses.

[0008] For example, according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, in a direction perpendicular to the substrate, the distance between the sub-pixel and the microlens is a first distance, and the product of the ratio of the distance between the centers of two adjacent microlenses to the first distance and the effective focal length of the optical system is not greater than 4.3 mm.

[0009] For example, according to at least one embodiment of this disclosure, the display screen includes a transparent cover plate located between the microlens and the sub-pixels.

[0010] For example, according to at least one embodiment of this disclosure, the display screen includes a substrate, and the plurality of sub-pixel arrays are arranged on the substrate; the dimming structure includes a first pattern layer, the plurality of microstructures are a plurality of first pattern portions located on the first pattern layer, the first pattern layer is located on the side of the light-emitting layer away from the substrate and is configured to transmit a portion of the light passing through the first pattern layer, the plurality of microstructures further include a plurality of microlenses arranged in an array; the microlenses are located on the side of the first pattern layer away from the substrate; the microlenses are configured to adjust the deflection angle of the light transmitted from the first pattern layer to adjust the light emitted from the light-emitting layer from one beam to multiple beams.

[0011] For example, according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the sub-pixel includes a first electrode and a second electrode located on both sides of the light-emitting layer, the first electrode being located between the light-emitting layer and the substrate; and the first pattern layer being located on the side of the second electrode away from the substrate.

[0012] For example, according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, there is a first interval between at least two of the plurality of first pattern portions, and the light emitted from the light-emitting layer is transmitted through the first interval.

[0013] For example, according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, in a direction perpendicular to the substrate, the ratio of the second spacing between the microlens and the first patterned layer to the focal length of the microlens is 0.9-1.1.

[0014] For example, according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the dimming structure includes a diffractive optical element located on the light-emitting side of the plurality of sub-pixels.

[0015] For example, according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the display screen further includes a plurality of microlenses arranged in an array, the microlenses being located between the diffractive optical element and the plurality of sub-pixels; the microlenses are configured to adjust the deflection angle of light emitted from the light-emitting layer corresponding to one of the sub-pixels.

[0016] For example, according to at least one embodiment of this disclosure, the display screen includes a transparent cover plate located between the diffractive optical element and the sub-pixel.

[0017] For example, according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the display screen includes a substrate, and the plurality of sub-pixel arrays are arranged on the substrate; the dimming structure is located between the light-emitting layer and the substrate; the dimming structure includes a plurality of microstructures configured to reflect light emitted by the light-emitting layer to adjust the light emitted by the light-emitting layer from one beam to multiple beams.

[0018] For example, according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the sub-pixel further includes a first electrode and a second electrode located on both sides of the light-emitting layer, the first electrode being located between the light-emitting layer and the substrate; the first electrode is reused as the dimming structure.

[0019] For example, according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first electrode includes the plurality of microstructures, wherein at least two of the plurality of microstructures have a second interval between them.

[0020] For example, according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the diameter of the thin beam is less than 4.3 mm.

[0021] For example, according to at least one embodiment of this disclosure, the optical system further includes a transflective coating, a reflective polarizing layer, a phase retardation film, and a linear polarizing film; the lens includes a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other on the optical axis of the optical system, the first surface being located between the display screen and the second surface; the transflective coating is located between the first surface and the display screen, the reflective polarizing layer is located on the side of the second surface away from the first surface, the phase retardation film is located on the side of the first surface away from the transflective coating, and the linear polarizing film is located on the side of the reflective polarizing layer away from the transflective coating. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this disclosure, the accompanying drawings of the embodiments will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below only relate to some embodiments of this disclosure and are not intended to limit this disclosure.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a near-eye display device.

[0024] Figures 2A to 2C This is a schematic diagram of human eye imaging under different conditions.

[0025] Figures 3A to 3C This is a schematic diagram illustrating the human eye's imaging capabilities using Maxwell display technology under different conditions.

[0026] Figures 4A to 4D This is a schematic diagram showing the incident light beam when the human eye rotates at different angles.

[0027] Figures 5A to 5DThis is a schematic diagram showing the incident narrow beam of light replicated when the human eye rotates at different angles.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a near-eye display device provided as an example in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a near-eye display device provided as an example in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, showing a fine beam of light emitted from the display screen and the pupil of the human eye.

[0030] Figure 8 This is a partial structural diagram of a display screen in a near-eye display device provided as an example in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0031] Figure 9 This is a partial structural diagram of a display screen.

[0032] Figures 10 to 12 This is a partial structural diagram of the display screen in a near-eye display device provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0033] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the optical system in a near-eye display device provided as an example in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this disclosure clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this disclosure. Based on the described embodiments of this disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0035] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this disclosure shall have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure pertains. The terms “first,” “second,” and similar terms used in this disclosure do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Terms such as “comprising” or “including” mean that an element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed following the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects.

[0036] The terms "parallel," "perpendicular," and "identical" as used in this disclosure include the strictly defined meanings of "parallel," "perpendicular," and "identical," as well as terms such as "approximately parallel," "approximately perpendicular," and "approximately identical," which include a certain degree of error. Taking into account measurement and errors associated with the measurement of a specific quantity (i.e., limitations of the measurement system), they represent acceptable deviations for a specific value as determined by a person skilled in the art. In embodiments of this disclosure, "center" can include a strictly defined location at the geometric center as well as a location approximately at the center within a small area surrounding the geometric center. For example, "approximately" can mean within one or more standard deviations, or within 10% or 5% of the value.

[0037] With the development of VR and MR technologies, users' demands for VR and MR devices are also increasing. Taking MR glasses as an example, different users may have different vision problems such as myopia or astigmatism. How to adapt to the different vision needs of different users when wearing MR glasses is a technical challenge that needs to be solved.

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a near-eye display device.

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, some near-eye display devices, such as MR devices, include a display screen 1 and an optical system 2. Light LG emitted from the display screen 1 passes through the optical system 2 and reaches the human eye E. To adapt the near-eye display device to the visual needs of different users, the following solutions can be chosen. For example, magnetic lenses can be installed on the MR glasses, allowing users to choose suitable lenses according to their visual acuity for a clear visual experience. Alternatively, some MR glasses integrate an adjustable diopter mechanism, allowing users to manually adjust the diopter. However, these solutions all have some drawbacks. For example, they require additional space and weight, hindering the thinning and lightening of MR glasses. Furthermore, they require complex design and precise manufacturing processes to ensure product yield.

[0040] Maxwellian display technology, also known as Retinal Projection Displays (RPD), features always-in-focus. Maxwellian technology projects image light as a single beam through the lens, which then projects it directly onto the retina. This method significantly reduces the role of the lens in the human eye's perception, thus minimizing the impact of myopia and astigmatism on the image.

[0041] Figures 2A to 2C This is a schematic diagram of human eye imaging under different conditions.

[0042] Figure 2A This is a schematic diagram of the image formed by a normal human eye. Figure 2B This is a schematic diagram of the image formation in a nearsighted person's eye. Figure 2C This is a schematic diagram of presbyopia imaging. (Example) Figure 2A As shown, a normal human eye can form a sharp image in the fundus, such as... Figure 2B and Figure 2C As shown, neither nearsighted nor presbyopic eyes can perfectly focus on the retina. The imaging in astigmatism is similar to that in nearsighted and presbyopic eyes, the difference being that the focal spot in astigmatism is not circular, but rather elliptical in shape due to the inconsistent focal points on two different planes.

[0043] Figures 3A to 3C This is a schematic diagram illustrating the human eye's imaging capabilities using Maxwell display technology under different conditions.

[0044] like Figures 3A to 3C As shown, in Maxwellian display technology, the incident light beam is a converged, narrow beam, regardless of whether it is... Figure 3A As shown in the image of a normal human eye, or as... Figure 3B The nearsighted human eye shown, such as Figure 3C The eyes of people with presbyopia or other focusing problems shown can achieve relatively perfect focusing.

[0045] During the research, the inventors of this application discovered that Maxwellian display technology has significant limitations regarding the eye-box problem. Because Maxwellian display technology focuses image light at a single point during imaging, the image light can easily be blocked as the human eye moves, leading to image loss.

[0046] Figures 4A to 4D This is a schematic diagram showing the incident light beam when the human eye rotates at different angles.

[0047] like Figure 4A As shown, within the eye box area, when the human eye is looking directly at the screen, the fine beam of light from Maxwellian display technology can enter the pupil. Figure 4B , Figure 4C and Figure 4D As shown, when the human eye moves outside the eye box, the thin beam of light cannot enter the pupil, causing the human eye to be unable to see the image.

[0048] Figures 5A to 5D This is a schematic diagram showing the incident narrow beam of light replicated when the human eye rotates at different angles.

[0049] To solve the eye box problem of Maxwellian display technology, it is possible to... Figures 5A to 5DAs shown, compatibility with different pupil positions is improved by replicating fine beams. The size of the eye box depends on the number of fine beams and the spacing between them. For example, the diameter of the human pupil is approximately no more than 4.3 mm. Designing the spacing between the fine beams to be less than or equal to the diameter of the human pupil can significantly improve the eye box design after replicating the fine beams.

[0050] At least one embodiment of this disclosure provides a near-eye display device, including an optical system and a display screen. The optical system includes lenses. The display screen is located on the light-incident side of the optical system. The image light emitted from the display screen is a discrete beam, configured such that its display image passes through the lens of the human eye in a narrow beam and forms an image on the retina. The diameter of the narrow beam is not greater than the diameter of the pupil of the human eye.

[0051] At least one embodiment of the near-eye display device provided in this disclosure emits a discrete light beam, which makes the light beam reaching the human eye a narrow beam. This narrow beam weakens the effect of the lens on human vision. The human eye can clearly see the displayed image at different refractive power levels, thus the image formed on the retina is largely unaffected by myopia or astigmatism. Users of the near-eye display device provided in this disclosure do not need to wear corrective lenses such as myopia lenses, presbyopia lenses, or astigmatism lenses simultaneously. Furthermore, there is no need to design a mechanical structure for adjusting refractive power within the near-eye display device. This facilitates the reduction of the near-eye display device's thickness and weight, simplifies the manufacturing process, and improves product yield.

[0052] The near-eye display device will now be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and through some embodiments.

[0053] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a near-eye display device provided as an example in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0054] refer to Figure 6 The near-eye display device includes an optical system 100 and a display screen 200. The optical system 100 includes lenses 110. For example, the lenses can be Fresnel lenses, aspherical lenses, etc. For example, the lenses can be single-element lenses or multi-element lenses with two or more elements. For example, the optical system may also include optical films, etc., which will be described in detail in the embodiments described later. The display screen 200 is located on the light-incident side of the optical system 100. For example, the display screen 200 can be located on one side of the optical axis OA of the optical system 100, that is, the display screen 200 and the optical system 100 are coaxially designed. For example, the optical axis can be parallel to the direction perpendicular to the substrate of the display screen in the embodiments described later.

[0055] refer to Figure 6The image light emitted from the display screen 200 is a discrete beam LG0. A discrete beam LG0 refers to a beam that exhibits a discrete distribution in angular space, such as two adjacent beams (see reference). Figure 6 There are gaps between the thin beams LG1. The image light is configured to display the image so that the thin beams LG1 pass through the lens E2 of the human eye E0 and are imaged on the retina E3. For example, the thin beams LG1 can enter the pupil E1 of the human eye E0, pass through the lens E2 of the human eye E0, and be imaged on the retina E3. For example, after the image light emitted from the display 200 is discretized into multiple thin beams LG1 in angular space, the beam entering the human eye E0 can be narrowed, achieving the imaging effect of Maxwellian display technology.

[0056] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a near-eye display device provided as an example in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, showing a fine beam of light emitted from the display screen and the pupil of the human eye.

[0057] refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 The diameter D1 of the narrow beam LG1 is smaller than the diameter E11 of the human eye's pupil E1. For example, the diameter of the narrow beam is less than 4.3 mm. For example, the diameter of the narrow beam is greater than 0. For example, the diameter of the narrow beam refers to the diameter of the narrow beam corresponding to the point light source at the point where it reaches the human eye's pupil.

[0058] Taking a narrow beam as an example, the beam's intensity distribution is strong in the center and gradually decreases towards the periphery. For instance, the diameter of the narrow beam can be referred to as the Full Width Half Maximum (FWHM). The FWHM refers to the width at half the peak intensity in the beam's intensity distribution curve (usually a Gaussian distribution). Simply put, it involves finding the point of maximum beam intensity (peak value) and then measuring the beam's lateral width from half the peak intensity. For example, the diameter of the narrow beam could be the diameter corresponding to the point where the beam intensity decays to less than 1 / 3 of the center intensity, or the diameter corresponding to the point where the beam intensity decays to 1 / 4 of the center intensity.

[0059] For example, the diameter of the human eye's pupil is approximately no greater than 4.3 mm. For example, the diameter of a narrow beam of light can be 4.2 mm. For example, the diameter of a narrow beam of light can be 4.1 mm. For example, the diameter of a narrow beam of light can be 4 mm. For example, the diameter of a narrow beam of light can be 3.9 mm. For example, the diameter of a narrow beam of light can be 3.5 mm. For example, the diameter of a narrow beam of light can be 3.1 mm. For example, the diameter of a narrow beam of light can be 3 mm. For example, the diameter of a narrow beam of light can be 2.9 mm. For example, the diameter of a narrow beam of light can be 2.5 mm. For example, the diameter of a narrow beam of light can be 2 mm. For example, the diameter of a narrow beam of light can be 1.5 mm. For example, the diameter of a narrow beam of light can be between 0.1 mm and 1 mm. For example, the diameter of a narrow beam of light can be 1 mm. For example, the diameter of a narrow beam of light can be 0.9 mm. For example, the diameter of a narrow beam of light can be 0.8 mm. For example, the diameter of a narrow beam of light can be 0.7 mm. For example, the diameter of a narrow beam of light can be 0.6 mm. For example, the diameter of a narrow beam of light can be 0.5 mm. For example, the diameter of a narrow beam of light can be 0.4 mm. For example, the diameter of the narrow beam can be 0.3 mm. For example, the diameter of the narrow beam can be 0.2 mm. For example, the diameter of the narrow beam can be 0.1 mm. Of course, the diameter of the narrow beam is not limited to the above values, and the diameter of the narrow beam can also be less than 0.1 mm; this disclosure does not impose any limitation on this.

[0060] For example, a discrete beam may consist of multiple thin beams, each carrying the same image information, thus forming the same display image. For example, each thin beam carrying the same image information originates from the same light source, thereby forming the same display image. For example, only one thin beam may enter the pupil of the human eye and form an image on the retina. For example, two or more thin beams may enter the pupil of the human eye and be converged by the lens to form an image on the retina.

[0061] refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 The near-eye display device provided in this embodiment emits a discrete light beam LG0 from the display screen 200, which makes the light beam reaching the human eye E0 a thin beam LG1. The thin beam LG1 can weaken the effect of the lens E2 on the human eye E0's observation process. The human eye E0 can clearly see the displayed image regardless of the lens E2's refractive power, thus the displayed image formed on the retina E3 is largely unaffected by the myopia and astigmatism of the human eye E0. When using the near-eye display device provided in this embodiment, the user does not need to wear vision correction lenses such as myopia lenses, presbyopia lenses, or astigmatism lenses simultaneously. Furthermore, there is no need to design a mechanical structure for adjusting refractive power within the near-eye display device. This facilitates the reduction of the near-eye display device's thickness and weight, simplifies the user's wearing weight, and improves the manufacturing process and product yield.

[0062] Figure 8 This is a partial structural diagram of the display screen in a near-eye display device provided as an example in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. It should be noted that... Figure 8 Only a portion of the display structure is shown schematically, such as only a portion of the film layers in the multi-layered structure of subpixels.

[0063] refer to Figure 8 In some examples, the display screen 200 includes a plurality of sub-pixels SP, each sub-pixel SP including a light-emitting layer 211, and a dimming structure 220 is provided on at least one side of the light-emitting layer 211. For example, the dimming structure may be located only on one side of the light-emitting layer, or dimming structures may be provided on both sides of the light-emitting layer, and this disclosure does not limit this.

[0064] refer to Figure 8 The dimming structure 220 includes multiple microstructures 221. For example, a microstructure refers to a structure with dimensions on the micrometer or nanometer scale. Microstructures can be used to adjust the propagation, reflection, refraction, and other properties of light. Each sub-pixel SP corresponds to at least two microstructures 221 (e.g., ...). Figure 8 (Each subpixel corresponds to three microstructures) to adjust the light emitted from the light-emitting layer 211 from a single beam to multiple beams. For example, the light emitted from the light-emitting layer 211 in each subpixel SP can pass through at least two microstructures 221, so that the light is adjusted by at least two microstructures 221 and changed from a single beam to multiple beams, realizing the discreteness of the light beam in angular space.

[0065] refer to Figure 6 and Figure 8 In some examples, microstructure 221 is located between the light-emitting layer 211 and the optical system 100, and is configured to adjust the propagation direction of light emitted from the light-emitting layer 211 to the microstructure 221, thereby modulating the light emitted from the light-emitting layer 211 from a single beam to multiple beams. For example, microstructure 221 can transmit at least a portion of the light emitted from the light-emitting layer 211 and adjust the propagation direction of the light.

[0066] refer to Figure 8In some examples, the display 200 includes a substrate 201 on which a plurality of sub-pixels SP arrays are arranged. Microstructure 221 includes microlenses ML, which are arranged in an array parallel to the substrate 201 to form a micro-lens array (MLA). Light emitted from the light-emitting layer 211 of each sub-pixel SP passes through at least two microlenses ML to adjust the deflection angle of the light. For example, light emitted from the light-emitting layer 211 passes through at least two microlenses ML, thereby adjusting the deflection angle of the light emitted from the light-emitting layer 211 of one sub-pixel SP by each of the at least two microlenses ML, splitting the single beam of light emitted from the light-emitting layer 211 into at least two beams, resulting in a discrete beam LG0.

[0067] For example, there can be a gap between two adjacent microlenses. The microlenses in the microlens array can adjust the refraction angle of a portion of the light rays incident on the array (e.g., light rays passing through the microlenses), while another portion of the light rays can exit from the gap. It can be understood that because the microlenses can converge the light beam, the light emitted from the microlenses is brighter, while the light emitted from the gap is relatively dimmer. Thus, the difference in brightness of the light emitted from the microlens array can be used to achieve beam splitting, that is, a brighter beam becomes a narrower beam emitted from the microlens array. For example, a light-blocking structure can also be provided at the gap to block the light rays at that point.

[0068] For example, a microlens may include a protruding structure that bulges out toward the side away from the sub-pixel. This protruding structure can be of any shape, such as hemispherical, polyhedral, etc. For example, the protruding structure of a microlens can be a convex lens structure. For example, the microlens as a whole may be shown as a structure with a plano-convex lens.

[0069] Figure 9 This is a partial structural diagram of a display screen.

[0070] like Figure 9 As shown, in some embodiments, the display screen includes a substrate 01, a plurality of sub-pixels 02, and a plurality of microlenses 03. Light emitted from the light-emitting layer of each sub-pixel 02 passes through a corresponding microlens 03, thereby adjusting the deflection angle of the light through the microlens 03, such as using the microlens to converge the light. Because the light emitted from the sub-pixel 02 has a large divergence angle, the light will pass through not only the microlens 030 corresponding to the sub-pixel 02, but also the microlens 031 not corresponding to the sub-pixel 02, causing crosstalk.

[0071] For example, multiple microlenses can be along such Figure 8The first direction X and the second direction Y are arranged in an array, with the first direction X and the second direction Y parallel to the substrate 201 and intersecting each other. However, this disclosure is not limited to this, and the multiple microlenses may also be arranged in a hexagonal or circular pattern.

[0072] refer to Figure 8 In the direction Z perpendicular to the substrate 201, the distance between the sub-pixel SP and the microlens ML is the first distance L1. The product of the ratio of the distance (pitch) L2 between the centers of two adjacent microlenses ML and the first distance L1 and the effective focal length of the optical system 100 is not greater than 4.3 mm. Figure 8 The diagram schematically illustrates the distance L2 between the centers of two adjacent microlenses ML and the first spacing L1 between the sub-pixel SP and the microlens ML. The product represents the distance between two adjacent fine beams of light emitted from the display screen, after passing through the optical system, and reaching the pupil of the human eye.

[0073] For example, the distance between two adjacent fine beams reaching the pupil of the human eye is no greater than the diameter of the pupil. For example, the distance between two adjacent fine beams refers to the minimum distance between the center lines of the two adjacent fine beams. For example, in a direction perpendicular to the substrate, the first distance between a sub-pixel and a microlens can be the distance between the pixel definition layer within the sub-pixel and the microlens.

[0074] Therefore, the duty cycle of the microlens can be set by multiplying the ratio of the distance between the design centers to the first spacing with the effective focal length of the optical system. This allows light emitted from a sub-pixel to pass through more than two microlenses, thus achieving beam splitting. This method utilizes crosstalk to improve light efficiency. For example, the center of a microlens refers to its geometric center and the area near that center.

[0075] It is understood that, by making the diameter of the thin beam smaller than the diameter of the human eye's pupil, and by setting the spacing between two adjacent thin beams reaching the pupil, this disclosure ensures that the image light emitted from the display screen can enter the pupil while minimizing the number of thin beams entering the eye and forming an image on the retina—for example, allowing only one thin beam to enter the pupil. This significantly reduces the role of the lens in the human eye's observation process, thus improving the imaging effect of near-eye display devices.

[0076] For example, the product of the ratio of the center-to-center distance to the first spacing and the effective focal length of the optical system can be 0-4.3 mm. For example, the product of the ratio of the center-to-center distance to the first spacing and the effective focal length of the optical system can be 4 mm. For example, the product of the ratio of the center-to-center distance to the first spacing and the effective focal length of the optical system can be 3.5 mm. For example, the product of the ratio of the center-to-center distance to the first spacing and the effective focal length of the optical system can be 3.1 mm. For example, the product of the ratio of the center-to-center distance to the first spacing and the effective focal length of the optical system can be 3 mm. For example, the product of the ratio of the center-to-center distance to the first spacing and the effective focal length of the optical system can be 2.5 mm. For example, the product of the ratio of the center-to-center distance to the first spacing and the effective focal length of the optical system can be 2 mm. For example, the product of the ratio of the center-to-center distance to the first spacing and the effective focal length of the optical system can be 1.5 mm. For example, the product of the ratio of the center-to-center distance to the first spacing and the effective focal length of the optical system can be 1 mm. For example, the product of the ratio of the center line distance to the first spacing and the effective focal length of the optical system can be 0.5 mm. For example, the product of the ratio of the center line distance to the first spacing and the effective focal length of the optical system can be 0.1 mm. Of course, the product of the ratio of the center line distance to the first spacing and the effective focal length of the optical system can also be less than 0.1 mm, and this disclosure does not impose any limitation on this.

[0077] refer to Figure 8 In some examples, the display screen 200 further includes a color filter layer 230 located between the microlens ML and a plurality of sub-pixels SP. The color filter layer 230 includes a plurality of color filter patterns 231, each corresponding one-to-one with a plurality of sub-pixels SP. For example, the color filter patterns 231 include color filter patterns 231 of different colors, each corresponding one-to-one with a sub-pixel SP of a different color, to filter the light emitted by the light-emitting layer 211 of the sub-pixel SP. For example, the sub-pixels of different colors include red sub-pixels, green sub-pixels, and blue sub-pixels.

[0078] Combination Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, in the direction perpendicular to the substrate, Figure 8 The spacing between the microlens and the sub-pixels shown is longer, while Figure 9 The distance between the microlens and the sub-pixel is shorter. Therefore, by increasing the distance between the microlens and the sub-pixel, light emitted from a sub-pixel can pass through more than two microlenses, thus achieving beam splitting and making it easier for the human eye to see a clear display image.

[0079] For example, the lenses of the optical system can be Fresnel lenses, and the effective focal length of the optical system can be the effective focal length of the Fresnel lenses. Alternatively, the lenses of the optical system can be aspherical lenses, and the effective focal length of the optical system can be the effective focal length of the aspherical lenses. For example, the optical system may include optical coatings attached to the lenses, allowing light entering the optical system to utilize these coatings to achieve an ultra-short focal length folded optical path (Pancake), and the effective focal length of the optical system can be the effective focal length of the Pancake.

[0080] refer to Figure 8 In some examples, the display screen 200 includes a transparent cover plate 240 located between the microlens ML and the sub-pixel SP. For example, the transparent cover plate 240 can protect the sub-pixel SP, the color filter layer 230, etc. For example, the microlens ML can be disposed outside the transparent cover plate 240 of the display screen 200 to simplify the manufacturing process. However, this disclosure is not limited to this; the transparent cover plate can also be disposed on the side of the microlens away from the sub-pixel.

[0081] Figures 10 to 12 This is a partial structural diagram of the display screen in a near-eye display device provided in at least one embodiment of this disclosure. It should be noted that... Figures 10 to 12 Only a portion of the display structure is shown schematically, such as only a portion of the film layers in the multi-layered structure of subpixels.

[0082] refer to Figure 10 In some examples, the display screen 200 includes a substrate 201, on which a plurality of sub-pixel SP arrays are arranged. The dimming structure 220 includes a first pattern layer 2201, with a plurality of microstructures being a plurality of first pattern portions 2211 located on the first pattern layer 2201. The first pattern layer 2201 is located on the side of the light-emitting layer 211 away from the substrate 201 and is configured to transmit a portion of the light passing through the first pattern layer 2201. For example, by providing a plurality of first pattern portions 2211, the first pattern layer 2201 can block a portion of the light emitted by the light-emitting layer 211 and transmit another portion of the light emitted by the light-emitting layer 211, thereby discretizing the light emitted from the light-emitting layer 211 in planar space. For example, the first pattern portions 2211 are configured to reflect the light emitted by the light-emitting layer 211, thereby allowing the reflected light to be reused.

[0083] refer to Figure 10The multiple microstructures 221 also include multiple arrayed microlenses ML, located on the side of the first pattern layer 2201 away from the substrate 201. The microlenses ML are configured to adjust the deflection angle of light transmitted from the first pattern layer 2201, thereby dispersing the light emitted from the light-emitting layer from a single beam into multiple beams to form a fine beam. Thus, after the light emitted from the light-emitting layer 211 is transmitted through the first pattern layer 2201 and discrete in planar space, the microlenses ML adjust the deflection angle of the light transmitted from the first pattern layer 2201, thereby discretizing the light in angular space. Therefore, the first pattern layer 2201 and the microlenses ML work together to enable the display screen to emit a discrete fine beam. For example, multiple microlenses ML correspond one-to-one with multiple sub-pixels SP.

[0084] refer to Figure 10 In some examples, at least two of the plurality of first pattern portions 2211 have a first gap G1 between them, and light emitted from the light-emitting layer 211 is transmitted through the first gap G1. For example, each sub-pixel SP corresponds to a plurality of first pattern portions 2211. For example, the arrangement of the first pattern portions 2211 in the first pattern layer 2201 can be configured such that a first gap G1 exists in the first pattern layer 2201 to transmit light emitted from the light-emitting layer 211. It is understood that the pattern of the first pattern layer can be designed as needed, such as only two first pattern portions have a first gap between them, or both adjacent first pattern portions have a first gap, and this disclosure does not limit this.

[0085] refer to Figure 10 In some examples, in the direction Z perpendicular to the substrate 201, the ratio of the second spacing L3 between the microlens 221 and the first patterned layer 2201 to the focal length of the microlens 221 is 0.9-1.1. For example, the first patterned layer 2201 may be disposed near the focal point of the microlens 221. For example, the ratio of the second spacing between the microlens and the first patterned layer to the focal length of the microlens is 0.9-1.05. For example, the ratio of the second spacing between the microlens and the first patterned layer to the focal length of the microlens is 0.95-1.

[0086] refer to Figure 10In some examples, the sub-pixel SP includes a first electrode 212 and a second electrode 213 located on both sides of the light-emitting layer 211, with the first electrode 212 situated between the light-emitting layer 211 and the substrate 201. For example, the first electrode is an anode, and the second electrode is a cathode. In some examples, the first pattern layer 2201 is located on the side of the second electrode 213 away from the substrate 201 to simplify the manufacturing process. For example, the display screen 200 also includes a color filter layer 240, and the first pattern layer 2201 may be located between the second electrode 213 and the color filter layer 240. For example, the first pattern layer may be located on the side of the color filter layer away from the second electrode, such as between the color filter layer and a microlens. However, this disclosure is not limited to this; for example, the first pattern layer may be located between the second electrode and the sub-pixel.

[0087] refer to Figure 11 In some examples, the dimming structure 220 includes a diffractive optical element 222 located on the light-emitting side of a plurality of sub-pixels SP. For example, the diffractive optical element can be a Diffractive Optical Element (DOE). For example, the diffractive optical element can be a metasurface.

[0088] For example, diffractive optical elements can be DOEs, thereby achieving light modulation through the diffraction of the DOE, adjusting the light emitted by the light-emitting layer from a single beam to multiple beams. Diffractive optical elements can be constructed using micro- and nano-etching processes to form two-dimensionally distributed diffraction units. For example, the microstructures formed by etching the surface of diffractive optical elements can be periodic (such as gratings) or non-periodic (such as binary optical elements).

[0089] For example, diffractive optical elements can include metasurfaces. Metasurfaces, for example, are the metasurfaces of geometrically phased lenses. A metasurface is an artificial structure that allows for precise manipulation of the electromagnetic properties of incident light (such as amplitude, phase, and polarization state). In a metasurface, non-diffractive phase changes can be generated by rotating or altering the geometric arrangement of microstructures. Utilizing geometrical phase can simplify metasurface design and enable efficient manipulation of light waves, such as focusing, deflection, and beam splitting.

[0090] refer to Figure 11 In some examples, the display 200 also includes an array of microlenses ML, located between the diffractive optical element 222 and the multiple sub-pixels SP. The microlenses ML are configured to adjust the deflection angle of light emitted from the light-emitting layer 211 corresponding to a sub-pixel SP. For example, the light emitted from the light-emitting layer 211 can be focused by the microlenses ML. For example, the microlenses ML can confine the light emitted from the light-emitting layer 211, such as converting the light into collimated light. For example, multiple microlenses ML can correspond one-to-one with multiple sub-pixels SP.

[0091] refer to Figure 11 In some examples, the display screen 200 includes a transparent cover plate 240 located between the diffractive optical element 222 and the sub-pixel SP. For example, the transparent cover plate 240 can protect the sub-pixel SP, the color filter layer 230, etc. For example, the diffractive optical element 222 can be attached to the side of the transparent cover plate 240 away from the sub-pixel SP to simplify the manufacturing process. However, this disclosure is not limited to this; for example, the diffractive optical element can also be disposed on the side of the transparent cover plate closer to the substrate, and the transparent cover plate can also be disposed on the side of the microlens away from the diffractive optical element.

[0092] refer to Figure 12 In some examples, the display screen 200 includes a substrate 201 and a plurality of sub-pixels SP arranged in an array on the substrate 201. Each sub-pixel SP includes a light-emitting layer 211 and a dimming structure 220 stacked in a direction perpendicular to the substrate 201, the dimming structure 220 being located between the light-emitting layer 211 and the substrate 201. The dimming structure 220 includes a plurality of microstructures 221 configured to reflect light emitted by the light-emitting layer 211, thereby modulating the light emitted by the light-emitting layer 211 from a single beam to multiple beams. For example, the light emitted by the light-emitting layer 211 can be reflected by the dimming structure 220 before being emitted, thereby modulating the light by reflection.

[0093] refer to Figure 12 In some examples, the sub-pixel SP also includes a first electrode 212 and a second electrode 213 located on both sides of the light-emitting layer 211. The first electrode 212 is located between the light-emitting layer 211 and the substrate 201, and is multiplexed as a dimming structure 220. For example, a two-dimensional pattern (2DPattern) including multiple microstructures 221 can be fabricated on the first electrode 212, thereby achieving light modulation through the microstructures 221. For example, light emitted from the light-emitting layer 211 passes through the first electrode 212 including the two-dimensional pattern, causing the light to be discretized after reflection, and producing at least one of interference and diffraction effects, thus achieving beam dispersion. For example, light emitted from the light-emitting layer passing through the first electrode may only produce interference effects, or only produce diffraction effects, or both interference and diffraction effects may occur simultaneously.

[0094] refer to Figure 12 In some examples, the first electrode 212 includes multiple microstructures 221, with a second interval G2 between at least two of the microstructures 221. For example, the two-dimensional pattern can be a two-dimensional discrete matrix. For example, the light emitted from the light-emitting layer 211 can be interfered with by the second interval G2 to form bright and dark fringes, thereby forming a thin beam of light from the bright fringes, thus modulating the light from one beam to multiple beams. For example, the pattern of the first electrode 212 can be designed to achieve the required thin beam of light.

[0095] It should be noted that, Figures 8 to 12 In this design, the emissive layer of a sub-pixel can be either a monochromatic emissive layer or a white emissive layer. For example, a monochromatic emissive layer may include a red emissive layer, a green emissive layer, and a blue emissive layer, with each color emissive layer corresponding to a different color filter pattern to improve light purity. It is understood that a color filter pattern may not be required when the emissive layer emits monochromatic light, and this disclosure does not impose any limitations on this. For example, a white emissive layer may include stacked red, green, and blue emissive layers, and different color filter patterns can be used to convert the white light emitted by the emissive layer into the desired color light.

[0096] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the optical system in a near-eye display device provided as an example in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. It is understood that... Figure 13 The optical system shown can be used with Figure 8 , Figures 10 to 12 Any of the display screen combinations shown constitutes a near-eye display device. However, this disclosure is not limited to this; other optical systems can also be combined with the display screens in the foregoing examples to obtain a near-eye display device.

[0097] refer to Figure 13 In some examples, the optical system 100 also includes a transmissive coating BS, a reflective polarizing layer RP, a phase retardation film QWP, and a linear polarizing film LP. The lens 110 includes a first surface S1 and a second surface S2 disposed opposite to each other on the optical axis of the optical system 100, with the first surface S1 located between the display screen 200 and the second surface S2. For example, the surface profile parameters of the first surface S1 and the second surface S2 can be designed as needed.

[0098] refer to Figure 13 The transflective coating BS is located between the first surface S1 and the display screen 200. The reflective polarizing layer RP is located on the second surface S2 away from the first surface S1. The phase retardation film QWP is located on the first surface S1 away from the transflective coating BS. The linear polarizing film LP is located on the reflective polarizing layer RP away from the transflective coating BS. For example, light emitted from the display screen 200 is transmitted through the transflective coating BS and then incident on the lens 110. It is then configured to be reflected back between the transflective coating BS and the reflective polarizing layer RP and exit from the reflective polarizing layer RP to achieve an ultra-short focal length folded optical path (Pancake).

[0099] Figure 13The illustration schematically shows a phase retardation film QWP located between the second surface S2 and the reflective polarizing layer RP, but the disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, in a multi-layered lens structure, such as two lenses, the phase retardation film may be disposed between the first and second surfaces. For example, when the reflective polarizing layer is a cholesteric liquid crystal layer, the phase retardation film may be disposed on the side of the reflective polarizing layer away from the second surface.

[0100] For example, the transflective film is configured to transmit a portion of light and reflect another portion of light. For example, the transflective film may have a transmittance of 50% and a reflectance of 50%. For example, the transflective film may have a transmittance of 60% and a reflectance of 40%. For example, the transflective film may have a transmittance of 65% and a reflectance of 35%. The optical system provided in this disclosure is not limited thereto, and the transmittance and reflectance of the transflective film can be set according to product requirements.

[0101] For example, a reflective polarizing layer is configured to reflect linearly polarized light of one characteristic and transmit linearly polarized light of another characteristic. For example, a reflective polarizing layer can also be called a polarizing beam splitter. For example, the transmittance of polarized light parallel to the transmission axis of the reflective polarizing layer is not less than 85%, such as not less than 90%, such as not less than 95%, such as not less than 98%; the reflectance of polarized light perpendicular to the transmission axis of the reflective polarizing layer is not less than 85%, such as not less than 90%, such as not less than 95%, such as not less than 98%.

[0102] For example, a phase retardation film is configured such that transmitted light undergoes a transition between circular and linear polarization states. For instance, a phase retardation film can be a quarter-wave plate.

[0103] For example, the transmission axis of the linear polarizing film can coincide with the transmission axis of the reflective polarizing layer. For example, the linear polarizing film is configured to further filter out other stray light, allowing only polarized light passing through the linear polarizing film to enter the human eye.

[0104] For example, the display could be a silicon-based organic light-emitting diode display with extremely high pixel density.

[0105] For example, a near-eye display device can be a VR display device. For example, a near-eye display device can be a MR display device. For example, a near-eye display device can be a display device employing an ultra-short focal length folded optical path.

[0106] For example, the near-eye display device can be a wearable VR helmet, VR glasses, wearable MR helmet, MR glasses, etc., and the embodiments disclosed herein are not limited thereto.

[0107] The following points need to be explained:

[0108] (1) The accompanying drawings of the embodiments of this disclosure only involve the structures involved in the embodiments of this disclosure, and other structures can be referred to the general design.

[0109] (2) Where there is no conflict, features of the same embodiment and different embodiments of this disclosure may be combined with each other.

[0110] The above description is merely an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this disclosure, which is determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A near-eye display device, comprising: Optical systems, including lenses; The display screen is located on the light-incident side of the optical system; The image light emitted from the display screen is a discrete beam, and the image light is configured to pass through the lens of the human eye in a thin beam and form an image on the retina as the display image is displayed. The diameter of the thin beam of light is smaller than the diameter of the pupil of the human eye.

2. The near-eye display device according to claim 1, wherein, The display screen includes a plurality of sub-pixels, each sub-pixel includes a light-emitting layer, and a dimming structure is provided on at least one side of the light-emitting layer; The dimming structure includes multiple microstructures, with each sub-pixel corresponding to at least two microstructures to adjust the light emitted from the light-emitting layer from one beam to multiple beams.

3. The near-eye display device according to claim 2, wherein, The microstructure is located between the light-emitting layer and the optical system, and is configured to adjust the propagation direction of light emitted from the light-emitting layer to the microstructure, so as to adjust the light emitted from the light-emitting layer from one beam to multiple beams.

4. The near-eye display device according to claim 3, wherein, The display screen includes a substrate, and the plurality of sub-pixel arrays are arranged on the substrate; the microstructure includes microlenses, and the microlenses are arranged in an array in a direction parallel to the substrate. The light emitted from the light-emitting layer of each sub-pixel passes through at least two microlenses to adjust the deflection angle of the light.

5. The near-eye display device according to claim 4, wherein, In a direction perpendicular to the substrate, the distance between the sub-pixel and the microlens is a first distance, and the product of the ratio of the distance between the centers of two adjacent microlenses to the first distance and the effective focal length of the optical system is no greater than 4.3 mm.

6. The near-eye display device according to claim 5, wherein, The display screen includes a transparent cover plate; The transparent cover plate is located between the microlens and the sub-pixel.

7. The near-eye display device according to claim 3, wherein, The display screen includes a substrate, and the plurality of sub-pixel arrays are arranged on the substrate. The dimming structure includes a first pattern layer, and the plurality of microstructures are a plurality of first pattern portions located on the first pattern layer. The first pattern layer is located on the side of the light-emitting layer away from the substrate and is configured to transmit a portion of the light passing through the first pattern layer. The plurality of microstructures also include a plurality of microlenses arranged in an array; the microlenses are located on the side of the first patterned layer away from the substrate. The microlens is configured to adjust the deflection angle of light transmitted from the first patterned layer, so as to adjust the light emitted from the light-emitting layer from one beam to multiple beams.

8. The near-eye display device according to claim 7, wherein, The sub-pixel includes a first electrode and a second electrode located on both sides of the light-emitting layer, wherein the first electrode is located between the light-emitting layer and the substrate. The first patterned layer is located on the side of the second electrode away from the substrate.

9. The near-eye display device according to claim 7, wherein, A first gap exists between at least two of the plurality of first pattern portions, and the light emitted from the light-emitting layer is transmitted through the first gap.

10. The near-eye display device according to claim 7, wherein, In a direction perpendicular to the substrate, the ratio of the second spacing between the microlens and the first patterned layer to the focal length of the microlens is 0.9-1.

1.

11. The near-eye display device according to claim 2, wherein, The dimming structure includes diffractive optical elements located on the light-emitting side of the plurality of sub-pixels.

12. The near-eye display device according to claim 11, wherein, The display screen also includes a plurality of microlenses arranged in an array, the microlenses being located between the diffractive optical element and the plurality of sub-pixels; The microlens is configured to adjust the deflection angle of light emitted from the light-emitting layer corresponding to one of the sub-pixels.

13. The near-eye display device according to claim 11, wherein, The display screen includes a transparent cover plate; The transparent cover is located between the diffractive optical element and the sub-pixel.

14. The near-eye display device according to claim 2, wherein, The display screen includes a substrate, and the plurality of sub-pixel arrays are arranged on the substrate. The dimming structure is located between the light-emitting layer and the substrate. The dimming structure includes multiple microstructures configured to reflect the light emitted by the light-emitting layer, thereby adjusting the light emitted from the light-emitting layer from one beam to multiple beams.

15. The near-eye display device according to claim 14, wherein, The sub-pixel also includes a first electrode and a second electrode located on both sides of the light-emitting layer, wherein the first electrode is located between the light-emitting layer and the substrate. The first electrode is reused as the dimming structure.

16. The near-eye display device according to claim 15, wherein, The first electrode includes the plurality of microstructures, and at least two of the plurality of microstructures have a second interval between them.

17. The near-eye display device according to claim 1, wherein, The diameter of the thin beam is less than 4.3 millimeters.

18. The near-eye display device according to any one of claims 1-17, wherein, The optical system also includes a transmissive coating, a reflective polarization layer, a phase retardation film, and a linear polarization film; The lens includes a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other on the optical axis of the optical system, the first surface being located between the display screen and the second surface; the transflective coating is located between the first surface and the display screen, the reflective polarizing layer is located on the side of the second surface away from the first surface, the phase retardation film is located on the side of the first surface away from the transflective coating, and the linear polarizing film is located on the side of the reflective polarizing layer away from the transflective coating.

Images