Parameterized three-dimensional automatic modeling and assembling system and method for rolling bearing

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of computer aided design and mechanical engineering, and relates to a parameterized three-dimensional automatic modeling and assembling system and method for a rolling bearing. The system comprises a parameter input module used for obtaining bearing design parameters; the part modeling module is used for generating an inner ring model, an outer ring model, a rolling body model and a retainer model which comprise preset assembly reference surfaces according to the parameters; the assembly logic module is used for automatically positioning the respective three-dimensional models of the multiple parts of the rolling bearing in a three-dimensional space and constructing a complete bearing assembly so as to generate a complete rolling bearing; and the auxiliary function module is used for providing model file management, modeling process visualization and data output functions. The method has the beneficial effects that the traditional dependence on a solid geometric surface is replaced by abstract association of the reference surface and the coordinate system, and high automation, stabilization and parameterization of the modeling and assembling process are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of computer-aided design and mechanical engineering technology, and particularly relates to a parametric three-dimensional automatic modeling and assembly system and method for rolling bearings. Background Technology

[0002] Rolling bearings are common and critical basic components in mechanical equipment, widely used in aerospace, rail transportation, wind power equipment, machine tools, mechanical transmissions, and various rotating mechanisms. However, different types of rolling bearings differ in geometry, rolling element dimensions, cage type, clearance settings, and contact angle distribution. Their three-dimensional models play a crucial role in structural design, stress analysis, thermo-fluid-structure interaction simulation, and structural optimization research. In engineering practice, researchers often need to flexibly adjust bearing geometric parameters according to specific operating conditions; therefore, constructing reconfigurable and reusable three-dimensional bearing models is a prerequisite for related simulation analysis and structural design.

[0003] Existing 3D CAD software (such as SolidWorks) provides standard parts libraries or bearing add-ins, and their modeling functions are mostly implemented using fixed parameter libraries. For example, the SolidWorks Toolbox bearing module mainly selects bearing specifications from a standard size library through table lookup, supporting only GB / ISO standard series products; the standard bearing models provided by online platforms such as TraceParts cannot reconstruct the number of rolling elements, raceway curvature coefficient, or cage structure based on user-input structural parameters. In addition, secondary development technology based on SolidWorks has been applied to parametric modeling of mechanical parts such as gears and sprockets. For example, GearTrax software can automatically generate the 3D geometry of various types of gears through parameter-driven methods. The bearing models in SolidWorks Toolbox and online standard parts libraries are limited to standard sizes and cannot meet the flexible needs of scientific research and engineering for non-standard parameters, clearance settings, multi-form cage structures, and assembly clearances; models such as TraceParts cannot achieve automatic arraying of rolling elements or parametric reconstruction of cage geometry. Although software such as GearTrax has implemented parameter-driven modeling for parts such as gears, its modeling logic is mainly aimed at tooth profiles and meshing relationships, and is not applicable to complex systems with multi-part coupling, rolling element array rules, cage parameterization generation, and automatic configuration of assembly relationships.

[0004] Chinese patent CN202510922874.0 proposes a parametric modeling method for the structural features of typical aero-engine parts. This method constructs a 3D model through feature recognition and rapid programming, including: Parametric modeling strategy: Based on user-input parameters of typical geometric features of aero-engine compressor blades, such as blade profiles and tenons, parametric modeling is performed using the parametric modeling module in the design and manufacturing process. Constraints are used to define and modify the geometric model. The established geometric model includes not only geometric information but also processing technology information, forming a geometric feature model that conforms to data exchange standards. Feature recognition strategy: Based on the 3D model of typical blade structural features obtained through parametric modeling, the feature recognition module in the blade design and manufacturing process is used. This module employs a rule-based feature recognition method to quickly identify key processing features. Rapid programming strategy: Based on the identified processing features of typical blade structures, the rapid programming module in the blade design and manufacturing process is invoked to intelligently match and optimize the processing technology for the identified features. The processing program is improved and optimized through existing physical simulation, ultimately generating a processing program applicable to the production site.

[0005] Chinese patent CN202410757018.X proposes a parametric modeling method, system, electronic device, and medium for steering knuckles. The parametric modeling of steering knuckles generates a 3D model through suspension hardpoint data and Boolean operations, including the following steps: establishing a wheel center coordinate system and multiple control arm coordinate systems based on suspension hardpoint data; establishing multiple modeling parameters based on peripheral component selection data and process requirements; using the wheel center coordinate system as a reference, establishing installation feature sketches of peripheral components according to the corresponding modeling parameters; establishing steering knuckle blanks and machining tools based on the installation feature sketches, wheel center coordinate system, and control arm coordinate system respectively, according to the corresponding modeling parameters; and performing Boolean difference operations on the steering knuckle blanks and machining tools to obtain a 3D model of the steering knuckle.

[0006] Chinese patent CN202410742634.8 proposes a parametric modeling method for industrial robots. This method constructs reusable modules using dimensional correlation diagrams and dimensional propagation paths to achieve parametric modeling. The method includes: S1: Dividing the industrial robot into a base module and a joint link module, and classifying the parts of the joint link module; the types of parts include main parts, associated parts, independent parts, and invariant parts; S2: Analyzing the dimensional correlation between main parts and associated parts in the joint link module and generating a dimensional correlation diagram; S3: Designing a breadth-first traversal dimensional propagation path based on the dimensional correlation diagram between main parts and associated parts; S4: Designing dimensional variables that include dimensional correlation and dimensional propagation path information, and applying them to the construction process of main parts, associated parts, and assembly models to obtain reusable joint link module models; S5: Constructing all joint link module models of the industrial robot using the method in steps S2-S4, obtaining reusable joint link module models of the industrial robot, and achieving parametric modeling based on these reusable joint link module models.

[0007] The technical solutions in the above patents all improve the efficiency of parametric modeling for their respective parts, providing a reference method for secondary development of industrial CAD. However, the above technical solutions only target parts such as aero-engine blades, steering knuckles, and industrial robots. Their parametric modeling strategies differ significantly from the requirements of rolling bearing ring size driving, automatic arraying of rolling element numbers, cage geometric association, and assembly clearance control. Existing technologies cannot form a complete methodology that can be directly applied to the parameter-driven 3D automatic modeling and assembly of rolling bearing structures. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop an automated, parameter-driven, and intelligent modeling method and system suitable for rolling bearings. Summary of the Invention

[0008] Technical problems to be solved In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a parametric three-dimensional automatic modeling and assembly system and method for rolling bearings, which solves the technical problems of existing parametric modeling methods for rolling bearings in terms of multi-component coupling, automatic arraying of rolling elements, parametric generation of cages, and automatic configuration of assembly relationships.

[0009] Technical solution To achieve the above objectives, the main technical solutions adopted by the present invention include: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a parametric three-dimensional automatic modeling and assembly system for rolling bearings, comprising: The parameter input module is used to obtain the design parameters of the rolling bearing, and parse the design parameters and convert them into modeling driving variables that can be called internally by the system; The part modeling module is used to generate three-dimensional models of multiple parts of the rolling bearing by calling a preset parametric feature template library and generation rules according to the modeling driving variables. When generating the three-dimensional model of each part, an independent local coordinate system, including a global reference plane for constraining position and orientation, and a functional reference plane are simultaneously established for each part. The part reconstruction module is used to automatically update the driving dimensions, equation relationships and feature suppression states in the feature template when the design parameters change, re-solve the updated geometric constraints, and generate an updated 3D model of the part. The assembly logic module is used to automatically position the three-dimensional models of multiple parts of the rolling bearing in three-dimensional space and construct a complete bearing assembly: the positioning of the three-dimensional models of the parts in three-dimensional space is determined according to the reference features of the parts and the preset assembly constraint relationship; based on the three-dimensional positioning, according to the bearing assembly process, the mate constraint method between the reference plane, reference axis and local coordinate system is used to sequentially apply mate constraints to the three-dimensional models of the multiple parts to ensure that each part model is automatically and correctly positioned in three-dimensional space according to the actual assembly relationship, so as to generate a complete rolling bearing.

[0010] Optionally, the part modeling module includes: The bearing ring modeling unit automatically constructs the corresponding cross-sectional profile based on the standard structural features of the bearing and the modeling driving variables. It generates a 3D model of the inner ring and / or outer ring through rotation features and automatically creates raceway surfaces, end face structures and chamfer / fillet features. The rolling element modeling unit is used to generate a three-dimensional model of the rolling element and perform array arrangement based on the type of rolling element, modeling driving variables, number of rolling elements, pitch circle radius and contact angle parameters; The cage modeling unit constructs the cage's baseline profile and applies parametric features. It then generates a 3D model of the cage based on modeling driving variables. Driven by the calculated spatial position of the rolling element array, it inversely calculates the distribution center of the cage pockets, thereby associating the pocket distribution with the rolling element array position. This allows the cage's geometry to automatically adjust as the number, size, and array position of the rolling elements change, achieving parametric-driven modeling while ensuring a reasonable clearance and fit between the cage and the rolling elements.

[0011] Optionally, the global reference plane includes a radial reference plane, an axial reference plane, and an angular reference plane that are bound to the key feature parameters of the part for constraining position and orientation, and are used to define the circumferential reference direction; The functional reference surfaces include: the inner raceway radial reference surface, the outer raceway pitch circle radial reference surface, the inner raceway axial reference surface, the outer raceway pitch circle axial reference surface, the rolling element array angle reference surface, and the cage pitch circle positioning reference surface.

[0012] Optionally, the assembly logic module includes: Ring positioning unit: Aligns the central reference axis of the inner ring and / or outer ring with the local coordinate system to achieve concentric positioning, and automatically adjusts the clearance and axial position through the axial reference planes of the inner and outer rings; Rolling element positioning unit: Based on the input clearance, contact angle and raceway position, it automatically determines the distance and contact point position relationship between the rolling element and the raceway, and ensures that the rolling element does not interfere with the raceway and maintains the correct contact angle and degree of freedom through assembly constraints; Cage positioning unit: The cage establishes a parameter-driven association with the rolling elements, and achieves cage positioning by automatically applying radial clearance, axial limit, and geometric constraints between the pocket center and the rolling element center.

[0013] The contact angle is adjusted by rotating the local coordinate system of the rolling element around the axial reference plane, and the position of the raceway center is updated synchronously by associating with the reference axis.

[0014] Optionally, it also includes: an auxiliary function module for providing model file management, modeling process visualization and data output functions.

[0015] Optionally, the auxiliary function module includes: The file management unit is used to uniformly manage the generated rolling bearing models, parameter files, and intermediate data; it provides a version management mechanism that automatically records file change times and corresponding parameters. The display and interaction unit is used to provide visualization capabilities and user interaction interfaces for the modeling process; The model output unit is used for organizing and storing model files during the modeling process, as well as managing and reusing parameters and data.

[0016] Optionally, the design parameters include geometric parameters and structural parameters; Among them, the geometric parameters include at least the bearing's inner and outer diameters, the diameter and number of rolling elements, and the cage structure dimensions; the structural parameters include at least the clearance, contact angle, and preload.

[0017] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a parametric three-dimensional automatic modeling and assembly method for rolling bearings, applied to the parametric three-dimensional automatic modeling and assembly system for rolling bearings as described in any one of the first aspects above, characterized in that the method includes the following steps: Step 1: Obtain the design parameters of the rolling bearing input by the user; Step 2: Parse the design parameters and convert them into internally callable modeling driving variables; Step 3: Based on the modeling driving variables, call the parametric feature template to generate the three-dimensional model of each part of the rolling bearing, and simultaneously establish an independent local coordinate system for each part, including a global reference plane for constraining position and orientation, and a functional reference plane; Step 4: When design parameters change, automatically update the driving variables and regenerate the driving dimensions, equation relationships, and feature suppression states in the part's 3D model template, resolve the updated geometric constraints, and generate the updated part's 3D model. Step 5: Determine the positioning of the part's 3D model in 3D space based on the part's datum features and preset assembly constraints; Step 6: Based on three-dimensional spatial positioning and in accordance with the bearing assembly process, the 3D models of the multiple parts are sequentially subjected to mate constraints using the mate constraint method between the datum plane, datum axis and local coordinate system. This ensures that each part model is automatically and correctly positioned in three-dimensional space according to the actual assembly relationship, thereby completing the bearing assembly and generating a complete rolling bearing.

[0018] Step 7: Output the generated assembly model and related data.

[0019] Thirdly, the present invention provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the function of a parametric three-dimensional automatic modeling and assembly system for rolling bearings as described in any of the first aspects above.

[0020] Fourthly, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, performs the functions of a parametric three-dimensional automatic modeling and assembly system for rolling bearings as described in any one of the first aspects above. Beneficial effects

[0021] The beneficial effects of this invention are: By using structured parameter-driven methods, the automatic generation and assembly of 3D models of rolling bearings can be achieved, offering significant advantages over existing technologies. Users only need to input the key geometric parameters of the bearing to automatically generate 3D models of the inner ring, outer ring, rolling elements, and cage. This enables direct parameter-to-model generation and completes the overall assembly based on assembly constraints, greatly reducing modeling time and improving design efficiency.

[0022] It supports flexible modeling of non-standard sizes, clearance adjustments, and various types of bearings, ensuring assembly accuracy and clearance control between parts and avoiding deviations in traditional manual operations. Through parametric and modular design, it enables model reuse and batch modeling, facilitating scientific research analysis and engineering simulation.

[0023] The rolling elements of the bearing are automatically arranged according to the input parameters, and the cage geometry is generated in association with the rolling element positions, which solves the problem of low efficiency caused by manual arrangement and repetitive operations in traditional modeling.

[0024] It can automatically complete part positioning and constraint settings according to part size and assembly constraints, and intelligently adjust clearance, preload and contact angle to achieve full automation of the assembly process.

[0025] It offers animated display of the modeling process or background generation mode, supports customization of model file save path and format, and loading and reuse of historical data, significantly improving user operation convenience and overall modeling efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 A module structure diagram of the parametric 3D automatic modeling and assembly system for rolling bearings provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the parametric three-dimensional automatic modeling and assembly method for rolling bearings provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To better explain and facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0028] To overcome the shortcomings of existing parametric modeling methods for rolling bearings in areas such as multi-component coupling, automatic rolling element arraying, cage parametric generation, and automatic configuration of assembly relationships, this invention provides a parametric 3D automatic modeling and assembly system and method for rolling bearings. This method takes the main geometric parameters and structural features of rolling bearings, including inner diameter, outer diameter, width, raceway diameter, rolling element diameter, number of rolling elements, and fillet dimensions, as input. It automatically constructs each part through parametric modeling modules for different rolling bearing types, such as deep groove ball bearings, cylindrical roller bearings, tapered roller bearings, and double-row tapered roller bearings. Furthermore, it automatically assembles the overall bearing model through an assembly logic module, including functions such as clearance adjustment, spacer thickness adjustment, and rolling element array number adjustment, thereby achieving a reconfigurable and reusable 3D modeling process.

[0029] To better understand the above technical solutions, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although exemplary embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the present invention can be understood more clearly and thoroughly, and that the scope of the present invention can be fully conveyed to those skilled in the art.

[0030] In this embodiment, the user refers to the dimensions marked in the current two-dimensional drawings of the rolling bearing industry to determine the design parameters of the rolling bearing to be input. The system and method are illustrated using a general three-dimensional CAD platform (such as SolidWorks) as an example. The system and method can be adapted to other mainstream CAD platforms through API interfaces.

[0031] Firstly, in this embodiment, a parametric three-dimensional automatic modeling and assembly system for rolling bearings, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes: The parameter input module is used to obtain the design parameters of the rolling bearing input by the user, and parse the design parameters and convert them into modeling driving variables that can be called by the system. The design parameters include: bearing geometric parameters and structural parameters; The bearing geometric parameters include: bearing inner ring diameter, outer ring diameter, raceway diameter, raceway depth, raceway curvature, rolling element dimensions, edge chamfer dimensions, pocket dimensions, pitch circle position, cage structural parameters, width, rolling element diameter, cage clearance, number and arrangement of rolling elements, etc.; the structural parameters include: cage type, clearance parameters, preload, contact angle, and raceway center position, etc.

[0032] The part modeling module, which undertakes the core functions of the system, is connected to the parameter input module. It is used to generate three-dimensional models of multiple parts of the rolling bearing by calling the preset parametric feature template library and generation rules according to the modeling driving variables. It does not rely on traditional solid models or fixed size libraries, but generates models of arbitrary specifications in real time through the relationship calculation between various size parameters. When generating the three-dimensional model of each part, an independent local coordinate system, including a global reference plane for constraining position and orientation, and a functional reference plane are established for each part simultaneously.

[0033] The part modeling module includes: The bearing ring modeling unit automatically constructs the corresponding cross-sectional profile based on the standard structural features of the bearing and the modeling driving variables. It generates a 3D model of the inner ring and / or outer ring through rotation features and automatically creates raceway surfaces, end face structures and chamfer / fillet features. The rolling element modeling unit is used to generate a three-dimensional model of the rolling element and perform array arrangement based on the type of rolling element, modeling driving variables, number of rolling elements, pitch circle radius and contact angle parameters; The array arrangement includes: Based on the user-defined number of rolling elements, pitch circle radius, and contact angle, the system performs array arrangement calculations, automatically calculating the spatial coordinates and circumferential angle distribution of the rolling element centers on the pitch circle. Strict geometric constraints ensure the spatial coordination between the rolling element array and the raceway surface, guaranteeing precise matching of contact angles and raceway positions, and maintaining consistency between the rolling element center distance and pitch circle dimensions. It also supports correlated updates. When parameters change, the system automatically regenerates and adjusts the array to ensure the assembly model remains consistent. The cage modeling unit constructs the cage's baseline profile and applies parametric features. It then generates a 3D model of the cage based on modeling driving variables. Driven by the calculated spatial position of the rolling element array, it inversely calculates the distribution center of the cage pockets, thereby associating the pocket distribution with the rolling element array position. This allows the cage's geometry to automatically adjust as the number, size, and array position of the rolling elements change, achieving parametric-driven modeling while ensuring a reasonable clearance and fit between the cage and the rolling elements.

[0034] This module constructs a reference profile of the cage and applies parametric features, establishing a parametric association between the cage pocket size, position, and rolling element positions. This allows the cage geometry to automatically adjust as the number, size, and array position of rolling elements change, achieving complete parametric-driven modeling. It also enables reasonable clearance and fit relationships with the rolling elements, realizing fully parametric feature construction of rolling bearing assemblies in SolidWorks. This provides a reliable geometric foundation for subsequent automatic assembly, fit calculation, and batch modeling.

[0035] The part reconstruction module, connected to the parameter input module and the part modeling module, is based on parametric modeling technology. It automatically updates the driving dimensions, equation relationships, and feature suppression states in the feature template when design parameters change, re-solves the updated geometric constraints, and generates a new 3D model that meets specific working condition requirements.

[0036] Specifically, this module is based on a parametric template model of the inner ring, outer ring, rolling elements, and cage. In actual operation, based on the user-updated bearing geometry parameters, it automatically refreshes and adjusts the drive dimensions, constraint equations, and feature states in the template, and resolves the updated geometric constraints by calling the application programming interface (API) of the selected CAD platform (such as SolidWorks), thereby generating a brand-new 3D model of the part that conforms to the input parameters.

[0037] Through the above mechanism, this module can automatically adjust a series of geometric features such as raceway curvature and position, rolling element diameter, and cage pocket parameters. Based on the inherent parameter dependencies, it ensures the geometric consistency and assembly feasibility between components, enabling flexible configuration and rapid iteration of rolling bearing component models. It can automatically generate multiple versions of reusable standardized 3D models based on different parameter combinations, providing basic model input for subsequent part arrays, automatic assembly, and simulation analysis.

[0038] The assembly logic module, connected to the part modeling module and the part reconstruction module, is used to automatically position the three-dimensional models of multiple parts of the rolling bearing in three-dimensional space and construct a complete bearing assembly: the positioning of the three-dimensional models of the parts in three-dimensional space is determined according to the reference features of the parts and the preset assembly constraint relationship; based on the three-dimensional positioning, according to the bearing assembly process, the three-dimensional models of the multiple parts are sequentially subjected to the matching constraints between the reference plane, the reference axis and the local coordinate system to ensure that each part model is automatically and correctly positioned in three-dimensional space according to the actual assembly relationship, so as to generate a complete rolling bearing.

[0039] The assembly constraints mentioned here specifically refer to the assembly rules in the CAD platform, including core types such as coaxial constraints, fit constraints, distance constraints, and angle constraints.

[0040] The assembly logic module includes: Ring positioning unit: Aligns the central reference axis of the inner ring and / or outer ring with the local coordinate system to achieve concentric positioning, and automatically adjusts the clearance and axial position through the axial reference planes of the inner and outer rings; Rolling element positioning unit: Based on the input clearance, contact angle and raceway position, it automatically determines the distance and contact point position relationship between the rolling element and the raceway, and ensures that the rolling element does not interfere with the raceway and maintains the correct contact angle and degree of freedom through assembly constraints; Cage positioning unit: The cage establishes a parameter-driven association with the rolling elements, and achieves cage positioning by automatically applying radial clearance, axial limit, and geometric constraints between the pocket center and the rolling element center.

[0041] The contact angle is adjusted by rotating the local coordinate system of the rolling element around the axial reference plane, and the raceway center position is updated synchronously by associating with the reference axis, thus avoiding the reliance on unstable solid geometric feature surfaces for assembly constraints.

[0042] During the assembly process, this module uses a local coordinate system to establish the geometric subordination relationship between each part, ensuring that each component is correctly positioned in three-dimensional space according to the actual assembly relationship, without the need to use traditional solid surface-based assembly constraints. The geometric subordination relationships include: the common central axis of the inner and outer rings, the position of the rolling element pitch circle, the cage reference surface, etc., which are all automatically generated during the assembly initialization process.

[0043] Next, based on the local coordinate system and reference plane, the system calls the application programming interface (API) of the selected CAD platform (such as SolidWorks) to automatically complete the coaxial positioning of the inner and outer rings based on the parametric datum, and places the rolling elements one by one on the pre-calculated pitch circle path, achieving uniform distribution through an angle array. During assembly, the system automatically determines the clearance and contact point relationship between the rolling elements and the raceway based on the input clearance, contact angle, and raceway position, and ensures that the rolling elements do not interfere while maintaining the correct contact angle and degrees of freedom of motion through assembly constraints.

[0044] Finally, based on three-dimensional spatial positioning and in accordance with the bearing assembly process, the three-dimensional models of the multiple parts are sequentially subjected to mate constraints using the mate constraint method between the datum plane, datum axis and local coordinate system, so as to ensure that the model of each part is automatically and correctly positioned in three-dimensional space according to the actual assembly relationship, so as to generate a complete rolling bearing.

[0045] The automated assembly process based on the reference plane, reference axis and local coordinate system described above improves modeling efficiency and assembly accuracy, and generates a reliable rolling body model with complete structure, consistent parameters and can be directly used for subsequent motion simulation, finite element analysis and other work.

[0046] The auxiliary function module is used to manage models and data, as well as to enable visualization and interaction between the system and users. It includes a file management unit, a display and interaction unit, and a model output unit.

[0047] The file management unit is used to uniformly manage the generated rolling bearing models, parameter files, and intermediate data.

[0048] This unit offers customizable model save path settings, naming rules, and file organization structures, allowing users to configure local or network storage locations for centralized management of engineering files. It also supports multiple mainstream file formats (including SLDPRT, SLDASM, STEP, etc.), allowing users to export files as needed for convenient use on different software platforms or in subsequent simulation analyses. Regarding data loading and saving, the module provides read and write functions for parameters and model data. Users can save key geometric parameters, modeling configurations, and assembly relationships as data files. When reused, the system can directly load this data, enabling rapid model reconstruction, parameter reuse, and batch automatic modeling of bearings of different specifications, thus improving modeling efficiency.

[0049] In addition, the file management module also provides a version management mechanism that automatically records the file change time and corresponding parameters.

[0050] The display and interaction unit is used to provide visualization capabilities and user interaction interfaces for the modeling process.

[0051] In terms of display, it supports real-time display of the generation and updating process of the bearing 3D model, including key steps such as rolling element arrangement, application of fit constraints, and model reconstruction after changes in structural parameters. The modeling process is displayed in the form of animation or step-by-step rendering, which improves the observability of the system.

[0052] To accommodate batch modeling or background computation tasks, an automatic background build mode is also supported. In this mode, the system does not render the model in real time but directly generates the final result, improving modeling efficiency. Users can choose between manual or automatic mode depending on the scenario to achieve a balance between modeling performance and visualization needs.

[0053] In terms of interaction, it provides parameter validity verification, error prompts, assembly anomaly alarms, and a modeling progress bar; when input parameters cause geometric interference or assembly conflicts, the system stops modeling and prompts the user to make corrections.

[0054] The model output unit is responsible for organizing and storing model files during the modeling process, as well as managing and reusing parameters and data.

[0055] This unit offers two modeling output methods: real-time animation display mode and background automatic generation mode.

[0056] The real-time display mode can display the part generation, rolling element array and assembly process in the form of graphic animation, so that users can intuitively understand the modeling steps and structural composition. The background generation mode completes all modeling tasks directly without visual rendering, and is used for batch parameter generation or large-scale model creation to improve overall modeling efficiency.

[0057] Through the above functions, the visualization, file organization and data reuse capabilities of the modeling process are effectively integrated, enabling the entire parametric modeling system to have good scalability and engineering applicability in multi-condition, multi-batch and multi-platform collaborative environments.

[0058] This embodiment provides a parametric 3D automatic modeling and assembly system for rolling bearings. Through a combination of parametric geometric features and datum-driven assembly technology, it achieves a fully automated process from parameter input to the generation of a complete 3D model. Specifically, by constructing a comprehensive parametric modeling rule system, it achieves unified parameter-driven operation of component geometric features, engineering dimensions, machining features, and assembly relationships. Key structural dimensions, raceway positions, pitch circle diameters, cage features, and the number of rolling elements are all abstracted into recalcifiable parameters and called upon through a feature template library and generation rules. This allows the 3D model to be automatically generated or updated in conjunction with changes in input parameters. This parameter-driven approach reduces manual intervention, shortens the modeling cycle, and reduces human error, making it suitable for non-standard structures, multi-parameter combinations, and batch modeling scenarios. The system also has good scalability, adaptable to different types of rolling bearings and subsequent simulation analysis, life calculation, and other functional modules, demonstrating significant engineering application value. In the assembly stage, a datum-driven assembly logic is specifically proposed to achieve stable and unambiguous fit relationships between parts. During the part modeling stage, the system automatically generates a global reference surface system with a unified naming convention, independent of the specific part's solid geometry. This includes radial reference surfaces for constraining radial position and direction, axial reference surfaces for constraining axial position, and angular reference surfaces for defining the circumferential starting direction. Based on this, corresponding functional reference surfaces are generated for key components such as the inner ring, outer ring, rolling elements, and cage. These include the inner ring raceway radial reference surface, the outer ring pitch circle radial reference surface, the inner ring raceway axial reference surface, the outer ring pitch circle axial reference surface, the rolling element array angular reference surface, and the cage pitch circle positioning reference surface. These reference surfaces are then bound to the actual geometric feature parameters of the parts according to the engineering principles of the bearing structure. During assembly, the system prioritizes using a reference surface-to-reference surface mating method to complete concentricity, alignment, angle, and position constraints, rather than directly selecting specific geometric entities for mating. This approach effectively avoids problems such as assembly failure, constraint loss, or model update errors caused by selecting unstable references such as arcs, chamfers, fillets, and feature edges in traditional manual assembly, achieving high reliability in the assembly process and stable reconstruction after parameter changes.

[0059] Secondly, this invention proposes a parametric 3D automatic modeling and assembly method for rolling bearings, based on a reference plane and coordinate system driven automatic modeling and assembly method for rolling bearings, applied to the parametric 3D automatic modeling and assembly system for rolling bearings as described in the first aspect above. The method includes the following steps: Step 1: Obtain the design parameters of the rolling bearing input by the user; Step 2: Parse the design parameters and convert them into internally callable modeling driving variables; Step 3: Based on the modeling driving variables, call the parametric feature template to generate the three-dimensional model of each part of the rolling bearing, and simultaneously establish an independent local coordinate system for each part, including a global reference plane for constraining position and orientation, and a functional reference plane; Step 4: When design parameters change, automatically update the driving variables and regenerate the driving dimensions, equation relationships, and feature suppression states in the part's 3D model template, resolve the updated geometric constraints, and generate the updated part's 3D model. Step 5: Determine the positioning of the part's 3D model in 3D space based on the part's datum features and preset assembly constraints; Step 6: Based on three-dimensional spatial positioning and in accordance with the bearing assembly process, the 3D models of the multiple parts are sequentially subjected to mate constraints using the mate constraint method between the datum plane, datum axis and local coordinate system. This ensures that each part model is automatically and correctly positioned in three-dimensional space according to the actual assembly relationship, thereby completing the bearing assembly and generating a complete rolling bearing.

[0060] Step 7: Output the generated assembly model and related data.

[0061] This invention provides a parametric 3D automatic modeling and assembly method for rolling bearings. By pre-setting a unified global reference surface in parts such as the inner ring, outer ring, rolling elements, and cage, the entire assembly process almost no longer relies on solid surfaces, but mainly uses reference surfaces, reference axes, and local coordinate systems to establish assembly relationships. Since it does not involve surface contact, angle calculations, or complex geometric inferences, it has extremely high stability and repeatability, making it suitable for integration with the programmable modeling framework of a selected CAD platform (such as SolidWorks) through its application programming interface (API) to achieve parameter-driven automatic assembly.

[0062] Thirdly, embodiments of the present invention provide a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the program, when executed, implements the function of the parametric three-dimensional automatic modeling and assembly system for rolling bearings as described in any of the first aspects above.

[0063] Fourthly, embodiments of the present invention provide a storage device, including a storage medium and a processor, wherein the storage medium stores a computer program, and when the program is executed by the processor, it implements the function of the parametric three-dimensional automatic modeling and assembly system for rolling bearings as described in any one of the first aspects.

[0064] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of the present invention can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0065] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, then this invention should also include these modifications and variations.

[0066] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make modifications, alterations, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A parametric 3D automatic modeling and assembly system for rolling bearings, characterized in that, include: The parameter input module is used to obtain the design parameters of the rolling bearing, and parse the design parameters and convert them into modeling driving variables that can be called internally by the system; The part modeling module is used to generate three-dimensional models of multiple parts of the rolling bearing by calling a preset parametric feature template library and generation rules according to the modeling driving variables. When generating the three-dimensional model of each part, an independent local coordinate system, including a global reference plane for constraining position and orientation, and a functional reference plane are simultaneously established for each part. The part reconstruction module is used to automatically update the driving dimensions, equation relationships and feature suppression states in the feature template when the design parameters change, re-solve the updated geometric constraints, and generate an updated 3D model of the part. The assembly logic module is used to automatically position the three-dimensional models of multiple parts of the rolling bearing in three-dimensional space and construct a complete bearing assembly: the positioning of the three-dimensional models of the parts in three-dimensional space is determined according to the reference features of the parts and the preset assembly constraint relationship; based on the three-dimensional positioning, according to the bearing assembly process, the mate constraint method between the reference plane, reference axis and local coordinate system is used to sequentially apply mate constraints to the three-dimensional models of the multiple parts to ensure that each part model is automatically and correctly positioned in three-dimensional space according to the actual assembly relationship, so as to generate a complete rolling bearing.

2. The parametric three-dimensional automatic modeling and assembly system for rolling bearings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The part modeling module includes: The bearing ring modeling unit automatically constructs the corresponding cross-sectional profile based on the standard structural features of the bearing and the modeling driving variables. It generates a 3D model of the inner ring and / or outer ring through rotation features and automatically creates raceway surfaces, end face structures and chamfer / fillet features. The rolling element modeling unit is used to generate a three-dimensional model of the rolling element and perform array arrangement based on the type of rolling element, modeling driving variables, number of rolling elements, pitch circle radius and contact angle parameters; The cage modeling unit constructs the cage's baseline profile and applies parametric features. It then generates a 3D model of the cage based on modeling driving variables. Driven by the calculated spatial position of the rolling element array, it inversely calculates the distribution center of the cage pockets, thereby associating the pocket distribution with the rolling element array position. This allows the cage's geometry to automatically adjust as the number, size, and array position of the rolling elements change, achieving parametric-driven modeling while ensuring a reasonable clearance and fit between the cage and the rolling elements.

3. The parametric three-dimensional automatic modeling and assembly system for rolling bearings according to claim 2, characterized in that, The global reference planes include radial reference planes, axial reference planes, and angular reference planes that are bound to the key feature parameters of the part for constraining position and orientation; The functional reference surfaces include: the inner raceway radial reference surface, the outer raceway pitch circle radial reference surface, the inner raceway axial reference surface, the outer raceway pitch circle axial reference surface, the rolling element array angle reference surface, and the cage pitch circle positioning reference surface.

4. The parametric three-dimensional automatic modeling and assembly system for rolling bearings according to claim 3, characterized in that, The assembly logic module includes: Ring positioning unit: Aligns the central reference axis of the inner ring and / or outer ring with the local coordinate system to achieve concentric positioning, and automatically adjusts the clearance and axial position through the axial reference planes of the inner and outer rings; Rolling element positioning unit: Based on the input clearance, contact angle and raceway position, it automatically determines the distance and contact point position relationship between the rolling element and the raceway, and ensures that the rolling element does not interfere with the raceway and maintains the correct contact angle and degree of freedom through assembly constraints; Cage positioning unit: The cage establishes a parameter-driven association with the rolling elements, and achieves cage positioning by automatically applying radial clearance, axial limit, and geometric constraints between the pocket center and the rolling element center; The contact angle is adjusted by rotating the local coordinate system of the rolling element around the axial reference plane, and the position of the raceway center is updated synchronously by associating with the reference axis.

5. The parametric three-dimensional automatic modeling and assembly system for rolling bearings according to claim 4, characterized in that, Also includes: The auxiliary function module provides model file management, modeling process visualization, and data output functions.

6. The parametric three-dimensional automatic modeling and assembly system for rolling bearings according to claim 5, characterized in that, The auxiliary function module includes: The file management unit is used to uniformly manage the generated rolling bearing models, parameter files, and intermediate data; it provides a version management mechanism that automatically records file change times and corresponding parameters. The display and interaction unit is used to provide visualization capabilities and user interaction interfaces for the modeling process; The model output unit is used for organizing and storing model files during the modeling process, as well as managing and reusing parameters and data.

7. The parametric three-dimensional automatic modeling and assembly system for rolling bearings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The design parameters include geometric parameters and structural parameters; Among them, the geometric parameters include at least the bearing's inner and outer diameters, the diameter and number of rolling elements, and the cage structure dimensions; the structural parameters include at least the clearance, contact angle, and preload.

8. A parametric 3D automatic modeling and assembly method for rolling bearings, applied to the parametric 3D automatic modeling and assembly system for rolling bearings as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: Step 1: Obtain the design parameters of the rolling bearing input by the user; Step 2: Parse the design parameters and convert them into internally callable modeling driving variables; Step 3: Based on the modeling driving variables, call the parametric feature template to generate the three-dimensional model of each part of the rolling bearing, and simultaneously establish an independent local coordinate system for each part, including a global reference plane for constraining position and orientation, and a functional reference plane; Step 4: When design parameters change, automatically update the driving variables and regenerate the driving dimensions, equation relationships, and feature suppression states in the part's 3D model template, resolve the updated geometric constraints, and generate the updated part's 3D model. Step 5: Determine the positioning of the part's 3D model in 3D space based on the part's datum features and preset assembly constraints; Step 6: Based on three-dimensional spatial positioning and in accordance with the bearing assembly process, the 3D models of the multiple parts are sequentially subjected to mate constraints using the mate constraint method between the datum plane, datum axis and local coordinate system to ensure that each part model is automatically and correctly positioned in three-dimensional space according to the actual assembly relationship, thereby completing the bearing assembly and generating a complete rolling bearing. Step 7: Output the generated assembly model and related data.

9. A computer program product, comprising a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the function of the parametric three-dimensional automatic modeling and assembly system for rolling bearings as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the function of the parametric three-dimensional automatic modeling and assembly system for rolling bearings as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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