Urban underground pipeline external force damage and road collapse supervision method and device

Abstract

The invention relates to an urban underground pipeline external force damage and road collapse supervision method and device, and belongs to the technical field of pipeline external force damage and road collapse supervision, and the method comprises the steps: an improved high-sensitivity phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometer monitoring system senses a vibration signal, and processes and converts the vibration signal into a time-frequency spectrogram; inputting the time-frequency spectrogram into a pre-trained abnormal vibration signal classification identification and risk determination model to obtain a diagnosis result, and outputting the diagnosis result in a structured format; the diagnosis result, the occurrence time and the geographic position are uploaded to an intelligent management and control platform in real time, the intelligent management and control platform dynamically labels a GIS map according to the event type and the risk level, and a structured electronic maintenance work order is generated; and the intelligent management and control platform monitors the maintenance progress in real time and ensures a work order closed loop. The system can effectively sense, diagnose and warn underground pipeline external force damage and road collapse in a low-cost, high-safety and easy-to-operate manner.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of pipeline external force damage and road collapse monitoring technology, and particularly relates to a method and device for monitoring urban underground pipeline external force damage and road collapse. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the main monitoring methods for external force damage to urban underground pipelines and road collapses include the following: First, traditional manual inspection, where inspectors periodically check the health status of pipelines and roads. Second, deploying point sensors to monitor changes in physical quantities (such as vibration and strain) at specific points to determine whether pipelines have suffered external force damage or roads have collapsed. Third, laying optical fibers on the surface of newly constructed pipelines or re-laying optical fibers on the walls of existing pipelines, utilizing distributed optical fiber vibration sensing technology to monitor vibration disturbances to the optical fibers in real time. When pipelines suffer external force damage (such as excavation by third-party construction) or abnormal events such as road collapses occur in the surrounding area, it will cause changes in vibration and strain at the location sensed by the optical fiber, leading to a significant phase shift in the optical signal. By detecting and analyzing this phase change characteristic, maintenance personnel can promptly identify and locate abnormal events, thereby determining the health status of the pipelines.

[0003] Traditional manual inspections are inefficient, have limited coverage, and cannot provide 24 / 7, comprehensive monitoring. They also cannot capture immediate anomalies, let alone provide real-time monitoring and proactive early warning. While point sensors can monitor effectively to some extent, their high cost makes them unsuitable for continuous monitoring in linear spatial locations. Distributed fiber optic monitoring technology, which involves laying optical fibers on the surface of newly constructed pipelines or re-laying optical fibers on the walls of existing pipelines, is costly and complex to operate. The laying process can easily damage underground pipelines and existing cables, hindering their safe operation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a method and device for monitoring external force damage to urban underground pipelines and road collapses, by combining existing communication transmission networks with... Monitoring technology addresses the limitations of existing technologies in effectively sensing, diagnosing, and providing early warnings of external force damage to underground pipelines and road collapses in a low-cost, highly safe, and easy-to-operate manner.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention proposes a method for monitoring external force damage to urban underground pipelines and road collapses, comprising: An improved high-sensitivity phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometer monitoring system senses vibration signals and processes the vibration signals to convert them into a time-spectrum graph. The time-spectrum graph is input into a pre-trained abnormal vibration signal classification, identification, and risk assessment model to obtain diagnostic results, which are then output in a structured format. The diagnostic results, along with the time and location of the incident, are uploaded to the intelligent management and control platform in real time. The platform dynamically annotates the GIS map based on the event type and risk level, generating a structured electronic maintenance work order. The intelligent management and control platform monitors the maintenance progress in real time to ensure a closed-loop work order process. The diagnostic results include: the type of abnormal event and the risk level of the abnormal event; The improved high-sensitivity phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometer monitoring system is a monitoring device with transmission, reception, and processing capabilities obtained by integrating chirped high-order modulation technology, multi-dimensional aliasing demodulation technology, and Hanning window pulse envelope signal processing technology into the system based on the hardware architecture.

[0006] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned method for monitoring external damage to urban underground pipelines and road collapses, the hardware architecture is obtained by integrating and modularly assembling a laser, an arbitrary waveform generator, an optical pulse modulator, an optical amplifier, a bandpass filter, a polarization-maintaining fiber circulator, a polarization diversity coherent receiver, and an analog-to-digital converter through optical and electrical signal interfaces. The hardware architecture connections include: the laser is connected to the optical pulse modulator, the arbitrary waveform generator is connected to the optical pulse modulator, the optical pulse modulator is connected to the first optical amplifier, the first optical amplifier is connected to the second optical amplifier, the second optical amplifier is connected to the bandpass filter, the bandpass filter is connected to the polarization-maintaining fiber circulator, the fiber under test, the bandpass filter, and the polarization diversity coherent receiver are all connected to the polarization-maintaining fiber circulator, and the polarization diversity coherent receiver is connected to the analog-to-digital converter. The signal flow of the hardware architecture includes: starting from the laser, the stable optical carrier output by the laser enters the optical pulse modulator, and at the same time, the arbitrary waveform generator generates multi-frequency radio frequency signals or chirped signals, which are sent to the optical pulse modulator to perform frequency division multiplexing or chirped modulation on the optical carrier; the modulated optical signal then enters the first optical amplifier controlled by the driver. The first optical amplifier is only allowed to pass through during the shutter opening period, thereby forming a probe optical pulse. After the probe optical pulse is amplified by the second optical amplifier, it is filtered by a bandpass filter to remove stray sidebands and carrier leakage, and finally injected into the fiber under test. When the fiber under test is disturbed by an external force along the line, the phase of the Rayleigh backscattered light will change, and the corresponding echo light returns along the original path. It is guided to the polarization diversity coherent receiver through the polarization-maintaining fiber circulator. The polarization diversity coherent receiver simultaneously receives optical signals of two orthogonal polarization states, X and Y, and outputs two sets of electrical signals for reconstructing vibration information; the two sets of electrical signals are sampled and digitized by the analog-to-digital converter.

[0007] Furthermore, in the aforementioned method for monitoring external force damage to urban underground pipelines and road collapses, the training steps of the pre-trained abnormal vibration signal classification, identification, and risk assessment model include: Construct a time-spectrum dataset of signals related to various types of external force damage to urban underground pipelines and road collapses; The algorithm was trained using a dataset of time-spectrum graphs of various types of external force damage to urban underground pipelines and road collapse signals. During the training process, the model is optimized under the guidance of experts to form a pre-trained abnormal vibration signal classification, identification, and risk assessment model. Among them, the algorithm is an abnormal vibration signal classification, identification and risk assessment algorithm developed based on the deep learning convolutional neural network target detection architecture as the basic model, which is aimed at the external force damage of urban underground pipelines and abnormal road structures.

[0008] Furthermore, in the aforementioned method for monitoring external damage to urban underground pipelines and road collapses, the structured electronic maintenance work order includes: work order number, event type, location of occurrence, time of occurrence, risk level, recommended handling unit, and handling time limit.

[0009] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned method for monitoring external damage to urban underground pipelines and road collapses, the intelligent management and control platform monitors the repair progress in real time, including: the intelligent management and control platform monitors the status of electronic repair work orders in real time; The status of an electronic repair work order includes at least the following: dispatched, being processed, completed, and closed. Once the status of an electronic repair work order is "dispatched," if there is no response within a preset time period, the status will be upgraded to an emergency level, and a notification will be sent to the superior management. When the electronic repair work order is closed, an operation is performed by the staff, and the upload site photos and handling report column is displayed. After the staff uploads the site photos and handling report, the status of the electronic repair work order is changed to closed. When the staff finishes handling the situation on-site, and the electronic repair work order receives the staff's operation, the status of the electronic repair work order will be changed to "completed".

[0010] Furthermore, in the aforementioned method for monitoring external damage to urban underground pipelines and road collapses, the chirped high-order modulation technology includes: An electrical signal with linear frequency modulation characteristics is generated by an arbitrary waveform generator, which drives an optical pulse modulator to jointly modulate the intensity and frequency of a continuous laser, forming a probe pulse whose frequency changes linearly with time. Multidimensional aliasing demodulation includes: at the optical signal receiving end, the backscattered light is guided to the polarization diversity coherent receiver through a polarization-maintaining fiber circulator, and is detected along two orthogonal polarization states, X and Y, respectively, and outputs two photocurrent signals. The two photocurrent signals are converted from analog to digital and then sent to the digital signal processing unit. They are jointly processed by the X-axis and Y-axis phase recovery algorithms to obtain complete complex phase information. A joint time-frequency domain analysis is performed on the complete complex phase information, transforming the complete complex phase information from a one-dimensional time series into a two-dimensional time-spectrum graph; The Hanning window pulse envelope signal processing technique includes: using the Hanning window envelope as the intensity modulation function of the probe pulse during multidimensional aliasing demodulation.

[0011] Furthermore, in the aforementioned method for monitoring external force damage to urban underground pipelines and road collapses, a time-spectrum dataset of signals related to multi-category external force damage to urban underground pipelines and road collapses is constructed, including: Collect the mapping relationship between event types and vibration signal characteristics, and demodulate the vibration signal; The demodulated vibration signal is subjected to time-frequency transformation using short-time Fourier transform to obtain a time-frequency spectrum, from which multidimensional features are extracted. Based on statistical analysis and clustering algorithms, we summarize the characteristic patterns of various event types and establish preliminary association rules between vibration signal characteristics and damage types. Label all the data in the time-spectrum plots; The event types include: typical construction operation events, road structure anomaly events, normal operation status events, and other interference source signal events; Multidimensional features include: time domain, time-frequency domain, and spatial domain; The labeling information includes: event type, time of occurrence, spatial location, and risk level.

[0012] A second aspect of the present invention also provides a monitoring device for external force damage to urban underground pipelines and road collapses, comprising: Processing module: Used by the improved high-sensitivity phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometer monitoring system to sense vibration signals and process the vibration signals into a time-spectrum graph; Output module: used to input the time spectrum into a pre-trained abnormal vibration signal classification and risk assessment model to obtain diagnostic results, and output the diagnostic results in a structured format; The generation module is used to upload the diagnostic results, as well as the time and geographical location of the occurrence, to the intelligent management and control platform in real time. The intelligent management and control platform dynamically marks the GIS map according to the event type and risk level, and generates a structured electronic maintenance work order. Monitoring module: Used by the intelligent management platform to monitor the maintenance progress in real time and ensure work order closure; The diagnostic results include: the type of abnormal event and the risk level of the abnormal event; The improved high-sensitivity phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometer monitoring system is a monitoring device with transmission, reception, and processing capabilities obtained by integrating chirped high-order modulation technology, multi-dimensional aliasing demodulation technology, and Hanning window pulse envelope signal processing technology into the system based on the hardware architecture.

[0013] A third aspect of the present invention also provides an electronic device comprising: a processor and a memory; The processor executes a method for monitoring external damage to urban underground pipelines and road collapses by calling programs or instructions stored in memory, as described above.

[0014] In a fourth aspect, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a program or instructions that cause a computer to execute any of the preceding methods for monitoring external damage to urban underground pipelines and road collapses.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention uses an improved high-sensitivity phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometer monitoring system to sense vibration signals, processes the vibration signals and converts them into a time-spectrum graph; the time-spectrum graph is input into a pre-trained abnormal vibration signal classification, identification, and risk assessment model to obtain diagnostic results, which are then output in a structured format; the diagnostic results, along with the occurrence time and geographical location, are uploaded to an intelligent management and control platform in real time. The intelligent management and control platform dynamically labels a GIS map based on the event type and risk level, generating a structured electronic maintenance work order; the intelligent management and control platform monitors the maintenance progress in real time; wherein, the diagnostic results include: abnormal event type and abnormal event risk level. This invention solves the problem that existing technologies cannot effectively sense, diagnose, and warn of external force damage to underground pipelines and road collapses in a low-cost, high-safety, and easy-to-operate manner. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. Throughout the drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same parts. It is obvious that the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings.

[0017] Figure 1 A diagram illustrating a method for monitoring external force damage to urban underground pipelines and road collapses, provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of an improved high-sensitivity phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometer monitoring system provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A diagram illustrating a training method for a pre-trained abnormal vibration signal classification, identification, and risk assessment model provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This invention provides a method for constructing a time-spectrum dataset of signals related to multi-category external force damage to urban underground pipelines and road collapses, as illustrated in this embodiment. Figure 5A diagram of a monitoring device for external force damage to urban underground pipelines and road collapse provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic block diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. It should be understood that these descriptions are merely exemplary and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] Furthermore, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted in the following description to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the concepts disclosed in this invention.

[0020] In the description of this invention, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. The terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly; for example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0021] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numerals in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present invention. Rather, they are merely examples of methods and systems consistent with some aspects of the invention as detailed in the appended claims.

[0022] This invention proposes a method, device, electronic equipment, and storage medium for monitoring external force damage to urban underground pipelines and road collapses. This invention solves the problem that existing technologies cannot effectively perceive, diagnose, and warn of external force damage to underground pipelines and road collapses in a low-cost, highly safe, and easy-to-operate manner.

[0023] Method Implementation Examples Figure 1 This diagram illustrates a method for monitoring external force damage to urban underground pipelines and road collapses, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] In a first aspect, this invention proposes a method for monitoring external force damage to urban underground pipelines and road collapses, combined with... Figure 1 It includes four steps, S1 to S4: S1: The improved high-sensitivity phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometer monitoring system senses vibration signals and processes them to convert them into a time-spectrum graph.

[0025] Specifically, in this embodiment of the invention, an improved high-sensitivity phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometer system is used to convert the sensed vibration signal into a two-dimensional time-spectrum diagram.

[0026] S2: Input the time-spectrum graph into the pre-trained abnormal vibration signal classification and risk assessment model to obtain the diagnostic results, and output the diagnostic results in a structured format.

[0027] Specifically, in this embodiment of the invention, the pre-trained abnormal vibration signal classification and risk assessment model takes the two-dimensional time spectrum as the input target object. The main function of the model is to automatically determine whether these time spectrums are abnormal events, determine the specific type of abnormal event, and assess the relevant risk level, and output the diagnostic results in a structured format. The diagnostic results include: abnormal event type and abnormal event risk level. For example, the model can distinguish different types of vibration sources, such as construction activities and vehicle driving, and assess the risk level that each abnormal vibration may bring according to preset standards.

[0028] S3: The diagnostic results, along with the time and location of the incident, are uploaded to the intelligent management platform in real time. The intelligent management platform dynamically annotates the GIS map based on the event type and risk level, generating a structured electronic maintenance work order.

[0029] Specifically, in this embodiment of the invention, an intelligent management and control platform for external force damage to urban underground pipelines and abnormal road structures is established. The event type, risk level, occurrence time, and geographical location are uploaded to the intelligent management and control platform in real time via a standard communication protocol. The intelligent management and control platform uses a GIS map as its core interface, dynamically marks abnormal points, and uses different colors to indicate risk levels, such as: green: normal, yellow: warning, and red: emergency. The intelligent management and control platform automatically fills in and generates structured electronic maintenance work orders based on information such as event type, risk level, and ownership unit.

[0030] S4: The intelligent management and control platform monitors the maintenance progress in real time to ensure a closed-loop work order system.

[0031] Specifically, in this embodiment of the invention, the intelligent management and control platform monitors the maintenance progress in real time to ensure a closed loop. The specific monitoring method is described in detail below.

[0032] The improved high-sensitivity phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometer monitoring system is a monitoring device with transmission, reception and processing capabilities obtained by integrating chirped high-order modulation technology, multi-dimensional aliasing demodulation technology and Hanning window pulse envelope signal processing technology into the system based on the hardware architecture. Furthermore, in the aforementioned method for monitoring external damage to urban underground pipelines and road collapses, the hardware architecture is obtained by integrating and modularly assembling a laser, an arbitrary waveform generator, an optical pulse modulator, an optical amplifier, a bandpass filter, a polarization-maintaining fiber circulator, a polarization diversity coherent receiver, and an analog-to-digital converter through optical and electrical signal interfaces.

[0033] Specifically, in this embodiment of the invention, the improved high-sensitivity phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometer monitoring system supports access to existing optical fibers in urban communication networks. Utilizing the existing transmission network as a distributed sensing medium, it achieves continuous acquisition of vibration signals along the transmission line. Through its hardware architecture, it supports the entire process of generating, transmitting, sending, and receiving modulation signals, enabling the improved detection pulse waveform and demodulation algorithm to operate stably in real monitoring environments, thus ensuring the overall performance improvement of the improved high-sensitivity phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometer monitoring system. This improved high-sensitivity phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometer monitoring system is deployed in a computer room and connected to one end of the optical fiber.

[0034] The hardware architecture connections include: the laser is connected to the optical pulse modulator, the arbitrary waveform generator is connected to the optical pulse modulator, the optical pulse modulator is connected to the first optical amplifier, the first optical amplifier is connected to the second optical amplifier, the second optical amplifier is connected to the bandpass filter, the bandpass filter is connected to the polarization-maintaining fiber circulator, the fiber under test, the bandpass filter, and the polarization diversity coherent receiver are all connected to the polarization-maintaining fiber circulator, and the polarization diversity coherent receiver is connected to the analog-to-digital converter. The signal flow of the hardware architecture includes: starting from the laser, the stable optical carrier output by the laser enters the optical pulse modulator, and at the same time, the arbitrary waveform generator generates multi-frequency radio frequency signals or chirped signals, which are sent to the optical pulse modulator to perform frequency division multiplexing or chirped modulation on the optical carrier; the modulated optical signal then enters the first optical amplifier controlled by the driver. The first optical amplifier is only allowed to pass through during the shutter opening period, thereby forming a probe optical pulse. After the probe optical pulse is amplified by the second optical amplifier, it is filtered by a bandpass filter to remove stray sidebands and carrier leakage, and finally injected into the fiber under test. When the fiber under test is disturbed by an external force along the line, the phase of the Rayleigh backscattered light will change, and the corresponding echo light returns along the original path. It is guided to the polarization diversity coherent receiver through the polarization-maintaining fiber circulator. The polarization diversity coherent receiver simultaneously receives optical signals of two orthogonal polarization states, X and Y, and outputs two sets of electrical signals for reconstructing vibration information; the two sets of electrical signals are sampled and digitized by the analog-to-digital converter.

[0035] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of an improved high-sensitivity phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometer monitoring system provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] The following text combines Figure 2 This invention introduces the hardware architecture and signal flow of the improved high-sensitivity phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometer (OTDR) monitoring system: The working process of the improved high-sensitivity phase-sensitive OTD monitoring system begins with the laser, whose output stable optical carrier enters the optical pulse modulator. Simultaneously, an arbitrary waveform generator generates multi-frequency radio frequency signals or chirped signals, which are then sent to the optical pulse modulator to perform frequency division multiplexing or chirped modulation on the optical carrier. The modulated optical signal then enters the first optical amplifier controlled by the driver, and only at the "Shutter" position... During the "ON" period, the light is allowed to pass through, thus forming a precisely timed probe light pulse. This probe light pulse is amplified by a second optical amplifier and then filtered by a bandpass filter to remove stray sidebands and carrier leakage, ensuring spectral purity. Finally, it is injected into the fiber under test. When the fiber under test is subjected to external disturbances, such as vibrations caused by damage to underground pipelines or road collapses, the phase of the Rayleigh backscattered light will change. The echo light returns along the original path and is guided to a polarization diversity coherent receiver through a polarization-maintaining fiber circulator. The polarization diversity coherent receiver simultaneously receives optical signals of two orthogonal polarization states, X and Y, and outputs two sets of electrical signals corresponding to reconstruct the vibration information. The two sets of electrical signals are sampled at high speed and digitized by an analog-to-digital converter and then sent to a PC for digital signal processing, such as demodulation, conversion into a time-spectrum graph, and image recognition-based anomaly diagnosis, to intelligently perceive and warn of damage to urban underground pipelines and road collapses.

[0037] Figure 3 This diagram illustrates a training method for a pre-trained abnormal vibration signal classification, identification, and risk assessment model, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Furthermore, in the aforementioned method for monitoring external force damage to urban underground pipelines and road collapses, the training steps of the pre-trained abnormal vibration signal classification and risk assessment model are combined with... Figure 3 It includes three steps, S31 to S33: S31: Construct a time-spectrum dataset of signals from multiple types of external force damage to urban underground pipelines and road collapses; S32: The algorithm was trained using a dataset of time-spectrum graphs of various types of external force damage to urban underground pipelines and road collapse signals. S33: During the training process, the model is optimized under the guidance of experts to form a pre-trained abnormal vibration signal classification, identification, and risk assessment model.

[0039] Among them, the algorithm is a classification, identification and risk assessment algorithm for abnormal vibration signals of urban underground pipeline damage caused by external forces and abnormal road structures, developed based on a lightweight convolutional neural network target detection architecture of deep learning as the basic model.

[0040] Specifically, in this embodiment of the invention, a lightweight convolutional neural network target detection architecture based on deep learning, such as YOLOv11, is selected as the basic model to develop an algorithm for classifying, identifying, and assessing the risks of abnormal vibration signals caused by external force damage to urban underground pipelines and road structural anomalies, such as roadbed voiding, pavement settlement, and local collapse. Based on the constructed "time-spectrum map dataset of multiple types of external force damage to urban underground pipelines and road collapse signals," the selected algorithm is trained and optimized under expert guidance during the training process to form an efficient model for classifying, identifying, and assessing the risks of abnormal vibration signals.

[0041] Furthermore, in the aforementioned method for monitoring external damage to urban underground pipelines and road collapses, the structured electronic maintenance work order includes: work order number, event type, location of occurrence, time of occurrence, risk level, recommended handling unit, and handling time limit.

[0042] Specifically, in this embodiment of the invention, it is suggested that the handling unit may be a pipeline maintenance unit in different areas, a municipal road and bridge unit, etc., and the handling time limit may be a response within 2 hours for general events and an arrival within 30 minutes for high-risk events.

[0043] Furthermore, in the aforementioned method for monitoring external damage to urban underground pipelines and road collapses, the intelligent management and control platform monitors the repair progress in real time, including: the intelligent management and control platform monitors the status of electronic repair work orders in real time; wherein, the status of electronic repair work orders includes at least: dispatched, being processed, completed, and closed.

[0044] Specifically, in this embodiment of the invention, the status of the electronic repair work order is updated in real time as dispatched, in process, completed, and closed. For example: "dispatched" → "in process" (order received at 14:35) → "completed" (on-site handling ended at 14:52) → "closed" (supporting materials uploaded at 15:02).

[0045] Once an electronic repair work order is marked as dispatched, if there is no response within a preset time period, the status is upgraded to emergency, and a notification is sent to the superior management.

[0046] For example: If an electronic repair work order is not responded to before 14:53, it will be automatically escalated to the emergency level, and a notification will be sent to the superior manager.

[0047] When an employee responds to a closed electronic repair work order, the "Upload On-site Photos and Handling Report" section is displayed. After the employee uploads the on-site photos and handling report, the status of the electronic repair work order is changed back to "Closed".

[0048] For example: The maintenance personnel upload 3 on-site photos and 1 handling report to complete the closed loop of the electronic maintenance work order.

[0049] When the staff finishes handling the situation on-site, and the electronic repair work order receives the staff's operation, the status of the electronic repair work order will be changed to "completed".

[0050] For example, when maintenance personnel finish handling an on-site issue, they change the status of the electronic maintenance work order to "completed".

[0051] Furthermore, in the aforementioned method for monitoring external damage to urban underground pipelines and road collapses, the chirped high-order modulation technology includes: An electrical signal with linear frequency modulation characteristics is generated by an arbitrary waveform generator, which drives an optical pulse modulator to jointly modulate the intensity and frequency of a continuous laser, forming a probe pulse whose frequency changes linearly with time.

[0052] Specifically, in this embodiment of the invention, a chirped high-order modulation technique is introduced into the design of the probe pulse. An arbitrary waveform generator generates an electrical signal with linear frequency modulation characteristics, which drives an optical pulse modulator to perform joint intensity and frequency modulation on the continuous laser, forming a probe pulse whose frequency changes linearly with time, i.e., a chirped pulse.

[0053] Multidimensional aliasing demodulation includes: at the optical signal receiver, backscattered light is guided to a polarization diversity coherent receiver via a polarization-maintaining fiber circulator, and detected along two orthogonal polarization states, X and Y, respectively, to output two photocurrent signals; the two photocurrent signals are converted from analog to digital and then sent to a digital signal processing unit, where they are jointly processed by X-axis and Y-axis phase recovery algorithms to obtain complete complex phase information; A joint time-frequency domain analysis is performed on the complete complex phase information, transforming the complete complex phase information from a one-dimensional time series into a two-dimensional time-spectrum graph; Specifically, in this embodiment of the invention, at the receiving end, a signal processing technique combining polarization diversity coherent reception and multidimensional aliasing demodulation algorithm is used to perform high-precision phase extraction and noise suppression on Rayleigh backscattered light, achieving reliable identification of weak vibration signals. Here, the backscattered light is guided to the polarization diversity coherent receiver via a polarization-maintaining fiber circulator, and detected along two orthogonal polarization states, X and Y, respectively, outputting two photocurrent signals. The two photocurrent signals are then sent to the digital signal processing unit after analog-to-digital conversion. The recovered phase sequence is then processed using X-axis and Y-axis phase recovery algorithms, including matched filtering, rotation vector synthesis, or the arctan function. Joint time-frequency domain analysis is performed, and methods such as short-time Fourier transform (STFT), fractional Fourier transform (FRFT), or Wigner-Ville distribution are used to convert the one-dimensional time series into a two-dimensional time-frequency spectrum. This spectrum, with time as the horizontal axis and frequency as the vertical axis, characterizes the vibration energy distribution at each spatiotemporal location and can intuitively present the characteristic patterns of different external force events.

[0054] In some embodiments, matched filtering or adaptive filtering techniques are also combined to focus signal energy and separate noise in the time-frequency domain, thereby completing pulse compression and effectively improving spatial resolution.

[0055] In this embodiment of the invention, the generated two-dimensional time-spectrum diagram can not only be used for real-time display and manual interpretation, but also serve as input data for subsequent deep learning-based vibration signal classification and recognition models, realizing the transformation from physical signals to semantic recognition. This method effectively overcomes the polarization fading noise and signal-to-noise ratio loss caused by traditional single-channel reception, significantly enhancing the system's ability to sense and locate low-amplitude vibration events. By enhancing the response capability to low-amplitude vibrations, this technology can effectively compensate for strain transfer losses caused by poor bonding between optical fibers and pipelines, improving the monitoring reliability of the system in practical engineering environments.

[0056] The Hanning window pulse envelope signal processing technique includes: using the Hanning window envelope as the intensity modulation function of the probe pulse during multidimensional aliasing demodulation.

[0057] Ideally, increasing the duration of chirped higher-order modulation increases the optical energy entering the fiber, improving detection range and signal-to-noise ratio. Combined with pulse compression techniques in multidimensional aliasing demodulation, high spatial resolution can be equivalently recovered at the receiver. However, traditional rectangular pulses have significant sidelobe components in the frequency domain. During multidimensional aliasing demodulation, these sidelobes can cause spurious peaks in the output of matched filtering or fractional Fourier transform, reducing the focus of the time-domain signal and thus degrading the system's equivalent spatial resolution and positioning accuracy, affecting the performance of chirped higher-order modulation and multidimensional aliasing demodulation techniques. To address this issue, this invention proposes replacing the traditional rectangular pulse envelope with a Hanning window envelope as the intensity modulation function of the probe pulse. Using a Hanning window envelope can significantly suppress the spectral sidelobes of the probe pulse, concentrating energy more on the main lobe. This reduces spurious responses in subsequent multidimensional aliasing demodulation, improves time-domain focusing capability, and effectively improves equivalent spatial resolution and positioning accuracy, fully leveraging the technical advantages of chirped higher-order modulation and multidimensional aliasing demodulation.

[0058] Figure 4 This is a diagram illustrating a method for constructing a time-spectrum dataset of signals related to multiple types of external force damage to urban underground pipelines and road collapses, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0059] Furthermore, in the aforementioned method for monitoring external force damage to urban underground pipelines and road collapses, a time-spectrum dataset of signals related to multi-category external force damage to urban underground pipelines and road collapses is constructed, combined with... Figure 4 It includes four steps, S41 to S44: S41: Collect the mapping relationship between event types and vibration signal characteristics, and demodulate the vibration signal.

[0060] Specifically, in this embodiment of the invention, the event types include: typical construction operation events, road structure anomaly events, normal operation status events, and other interference source signal events; normal operation status events include: traffic vibration, subway operation, temperature stress, groundwater flow, pedestrian / small animal activity, and general environmental noise (background); typical construction operation events include: excavation, piling, tamping, drilling, and cutting; road structure anomaly events include: roadbed voids, pavement settlement, and local collapse; other interference source signal event types include: heavy vehicle traffic and groundwater erosion.

[0061] Traffic vibration signals are characterized by periodic low-to-medium frequency vibrations, with intensity varying with traffic flow; subway operation signals are characterized by low-frequency continuous vibrations with a fixed time pattern; temperature stress signals are characterized by slow phase drift and non-sudden vibrations; groundwater flow signals are characterized by weak, continuous disturbances with a wide spectral distribution; pedestrian / small animal activity signals are characterized by short-duration, low-energy pulse signals; general environmental noise (background) signals are characterized by random low-amplitude noise with no obvious pattern; excavation signals are characterized by low-to-medium frequency continuous vibrations with long duration and significant spatial extension; pile driving signals are characterized by high-amplitude, short-period impact pulse groups with a relatively high dominant frequency; tamping signals... The characteristics of the signal are: periodic strong impact, high repeatability, and concentrated energy; the characteristics of the borehole signal are continuous mid-frequency vibration, accompanied by rotational characteristics, and the signal is stable; the characteristics of the cutting signal are high-frequency vibration superimposed with impact components, and strong locality; the characteristics of the roadbed void signal are weak abnormal vibration in the early stage, accompanied by void resonance characteristics in the later stage; the characteristics of the road surface settlement signal are continuous phase change caused by slow deformation, and occasional micro-vibration; the characteristics of the local collapse signal are sudden strong vibration, sudden increase in energy, and expansion of signal propagation range; the characteristics of the heavy vehicle passage signal are strong low-frequency vibration, lasting for several seconds, which can be distinguished from excavation; the characteristics of the groundwater erosion signal are long-term micro-disturbance, which may induce structural loosening.

[0062] S42: Perform time-frequency transformation on the demodulated vibration signal using short-time Fourier transform to obtain the time-frequency spectrum, and extract multi-dimensional features from it.

[0063] Specifically, in this embodiment of the invention, the multidimensional features include: time domain, time-frequency domain and spatial domain. The time domain includes: amplitude, duration and rising edge steepness; the frequency domain includes: dominant frequency component and frequency band energy distribution; the time-frequency domain includes: wavelet energy entropy and HHT spectrum features; the spatial domain includes: event extension length and propagation speed.

[0064] S43: Based on statistical analysis and clustering algorithms, summarize the characteristic patterns of various event types and establish preliminary association rules between vibration signal characteristics and damage types.

[0065] Specifically, in this embodiment of the invention, based on statistical analysis and clustering algorithms, the characteristic patterns of various events are summarized, such as: pile driving signals are characterized by high-frequency pulse groups, high amplitude, and short period; drilling signals are characterized by continuous medium-frequency oscillations, etc., and preliminary association rules between vibration signal characteristics and damage types are established.

[0066] S44: Data for all time-frequency spectra.

[0067] Specifically, in this embodiment of the invention, the annotation content includes: event type, occurrence time, spatial location, and risk level; all data collected and converted into images are accurately annotated; a time-spectrum dataset of multiple types of external force damage to urban underground pipelines and road collapse signals is established to realize the classification of data by event type and the grading by risk level, such as: low, medium, high, and emergency, and tagged management, supporting the supervised training and performance evaluation of subsequent deep learning models.

[0068] Device Examples Figure 5 This is a diagram of a monitoring device for external force damage to urban underground pipelines and road collapses, provided as an embodiment of the present invention.

[0069] In a second aspect, the present invention also proposes a monitoring device for external force damage to urban underground pipelines and road collapses, combined with... Figure 5 ,include: Processing module 51: Used by the improved high-sensitivity phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometer monitoring system to sense vibration signals and process the vibration signals into a time-spectrum graph; Output module 52: is used to input the time spectrum into a pre-trained abnormal vibration signal classification and risk assessment model to obtain diagnostic results, and output the diagnostic results in a structured format; Module 53: This module uploads the diagnostic results, along with the time and location of the event, to the intelligent management platform in real time. The intelligent management platform dynamically annotates the GIS map based on the event type and risk level, generating a structured electronic maintenance work order. Monitoring module 54: Used by the intelligent management and control platform to monitor the maintenance progress in real time and ensure the work order is closed-loop; The diagnostic results include: the type of abnormal event and the risk level of the abnormal event; The improved high-sensitivity phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometer monitoring system is a monitoring device with transmission, reception, and processing capabilities obtained by integrating chirped high-order modulation technology, multi-dimensional aliasing demodulation technology, and Hanning window pulse envelope signal processing technology into the system based on the hardware architecture.

[0070] A third aspect of the present invention also provides an electronic device comprising: a processor and a memory; The processor executes a method for monitoring external damage to urban underground pipelines and road collapses by calling programs or instructions stored in memory, as described above.

[0071] In a fourth aspect, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a program or instructions that cause a computer to execute any of the preceding methods for monitoring external damage to urban underground pipelines and road collapses.

[0072] Figure 6 This is a schematic block diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0073] like Figure 6 As shown, the electronic device includes at least one processor 601, at least one memory 602, and at least one communication interface 603. The various components of the electronic device are coupled together via a bus system 604. The communication interface 603 is used for information transmission with external devices. It is understood that the bus system 604 is used to implement communication between these components. In addition to a data bus, the bus system 604 also includes a power bus, a control bus, and a status signal bus. However, for clarity, ... Figure 6 The general designated all buses as Bus System 604.

[0074] It is understood that the memory 602 in this embodiment may be volatile memory or non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory.

[0075] In some implementations, memory 602 stores elements such as executable units or data structures, or subsets thereof, or extended sets thereof: operating systems and applications.

[0076] The operating system, comprising various system programs such as the framework layer, core library layer, and driver layer, is used to implement various basic business functions and handle hardware-based tasks. The application programs, including media players and browsers, are used to implement various application functions. A program implementing any method in the method for monitoring external force damage to urban underground pipelines and road collapses provided in this embodiment of the invention can be included in the application programs.

[0077] In this embodiment of the invention, the processor 601 executes the steps of various embodiments of the method for monitoring external force damage to urban underground pipelines and road collapse provided by the present invention by calling the program or instructions stored in the memory 602, specifically, the program or instructions stored in the application program.

[0078] An improved high-sensitivity phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometer monitoring system senses vibration signals and processes the vibration signals to convert them into a time-spectrum graph. The time-spectrum graph is input into a pre-trained abnormal vibration signal classification, identification, and risk assessment model to obtain diagnostic results, which are then output in a structured format. The diagnostic results, along with the time and location of the incident, are uploaded to the intelligent management and control platform in real time. The platform dynamically annotates the GIS map based on the event type and risk level, generating a structured electronic maintenance work order. The intelligent management and control platform monitors the maintenance progress in real time to ensure a closed-loop work order process. The diagnostic results include: the type of abnormal event and the risk level of the abnormal event; The improved high-sensitivity phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometer monitoring system is a monitoring device with transmission, reception, and processing capabilities obtained by integrating chirped high-order modulation technology, multi-dimensional aliasing demodulation technology, and Hanning window pulse envelope signal processing technology into the system based on the hardware architecture.

[0079] Any method in the method for monitoring external force damage to urban underground pipelines and road collapses provided in this embodiment of the invention can be applied to, or implemented by, the processor 601. The processor 601 can be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. During implementation, each step of the above method can be completed through integrated logic circuits in the hardware of the processor 601 or through software instructions. The processor 601 can be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, or discrete hardware components. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0080] The steps of any method in the urban underground pipeline external force damage and road collapse monitoring method provided by the embodiments of the present invention can be directly implemented by a hardware decoding processor, or implemented by a combination of hardware and software units in the decoding processor. The software units can be located in random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, electrically erasable programmable memory, registers, or other mature storage media in the art. This storage medium is located in memory 602, and processor 601 reads the information in memory 602 and combines it with the hardware to complete the steps of the method.

[0081] Those skilled in the art will understand that although some embodiments described herein include certain features included in other embodiments but not others, combinations of features from different embodiments are meant to be within the scope of the invention and form different embodiments.

[0082] Those skilled in the art will understand that the descriptions of the various embodiments have different focuses, and for parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0083] Although embodiments of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. All such modifications and variations fall within the scope defined by the appended claims. The above are merely specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, and these modifications or substitutions should all be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

[0084] The above are merely specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, and these modifications or substitutions should all be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring external force damage to urban underground pipelines and road collapses, characterized in that, include: An improved high-sensitivity phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometer monitoring system senses vibration signals and processes the vibration signals to convert them into a time-spectrum graph. The time-spectrum graph is input into a pre-trained abnormal vibration signal classification, identification, and risk assessment model to obtain diagnostic results, and the diagnostic results are output in a structured format. The diagnostic results, along with the time and location of occurrence, are uploaded to the intelligent management and control platform in real time. The intelligent management and control platform dynamically labels the GIS map according to the event type and risk level, and generates a structured electronic maintenance work order. The intelligent management and control platform monitors the maintenance progress in real time to ensure a closed-loop work order process. The diagnostic results include: the type of abnormal event and the risk level of the abnormal event; The improved high-sensitivity phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometer monitoring system is a monitoring device with transmission, reception, and processing capabilities obtained by integrating chirped high-order modulation technology, multi-dimensional aliasing demodulation technology, and Hanning window pulse envelope signal processing technology into the system based on the hardware architecture.

2. The method for monitoring external force damage to urban underground pipelines and road collapses according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hardware architecture is obtained by integrating and modularly assembling a laser, an arbitrary waveform generator, an optical pulse modulator, an optical amplifier, a bandpass filter, a polarization-maintaining fiber circulator, a polarization diversity coherent receiver, and an analog-to-digital converter through optical and electrical signal interfaces. The hardware architecture connections include: the laser is connected to the optical pulse modulator, the arbitrary waveform generator is connected to the optical pulse modulator, the optical pulse modulator is connected to the first optical amplifier, the first optical amplifier is connected to the second optical amplifier, the second optical amplifier is connected to the bandpass filter, the bandpass filter is connected to the polarization-maintaining fiber circulator, the fiber under test, the bandpass filter, and the polarization diversity coherent receiver are all connected to the polarization-maintaining fiber circulator, and the polarization diversity coherent receiver is connected to the analog-to-digital converter. The signal flow of the hardware architecture includes: starting from the laser, the stable optical carrier output by the laser enters the optical pulse modulator, and at the same time, the arbitrary waveform generator generates multi-frequency radio frequency signals or chirped signals, which are sent to the optical pulse modulator to perform frequency division multiplexing or chirped modulation on the optical carrier; the modulated optical signal then enters the first optical amplifier controlled by the driver. The first optical amplifier is only allowed to pass through during the shutter opening period, thereby forming a probe optical pulse. After the probe optical pulse is amplified by the second optical amplifier, it is filtered by a bandpass filter to remove stray sidebands and carrier leakage, and finally injected into the fiber under test. When the fiber under test is disturbed by an external force along the line, the phase of the Rayleigh backscattered light will change, and the corresponding echo light returns along the original path. It is guided to the polarization diversity coherent receiver through the polarization-maintaining fiber circulator. The polarization diversity coherent receiver simultaneously receives optical signals of two orthogonal polarization states, X and Y, and outputs two sets of electrical signals for reconstructing vibration information; the two sets of electrical signals are sampled and digitized by the analog-to-digital converter.

3. The method for monitoring external force damage to urban underground pipelines and road collapses according to claim 1, characterized in that, The training steps for the pre-trained abnormal vibration signal classification, identification, and risk assessment model include: Construct a time-spectrum dataset of signals related to various types of external force damage to urban underground pipelines and road collapses; The algorithm was trained using a dataset of time-spectrum graphs of various types of external force damage to urban underground pipelines and road collapse signals. During the training process, the model is optimized under the guidance of experts to form a pre-trained abnormal vibration signal classification, identification, and risk assessment model. Among them, the algorithm is a classification, identification and risk assessment algorithm for abnormal vibration signals of urban underground pipeline damage caused by external forces and abnormal road structures, developed based on a lightweight convolutional neural network target detection architecture of deep learning as the basic model.

4. The method for monitoring external force damage to urban underground pipelines and road collapses according to claim 1, characterized in that, The structured electronic maintenance work order includes: work order number, event type, location of occurrence, time of occurrence, risk level, recommended handling unit, and handling time limit.

5. A method for monitoring external force damage to urban underground pipelines and road collapses according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent management and control platform monitors the repair progress in real time, including: the intelligent management and control platform monitors the status of electronic repair work orders in real time; The status of the electronic repair work order includes at least the following: dispatched, being processed, completed, and closed. Once the status of an electronic repair work order is "dispatched," if there is no response within a preset time period, the status will be upgraded to an emergency level, and a notification will be sent to the superior management. When the electronic repair work order is closed, an operation is performed by the staff, and the upload site photos and handling report column is displayed. After the staff uploads the site photos and handling report, the status of the electronic repair work order is changed to closed. When the staff finishes handling the situation on-site, and the electronic repair work order receives the staff's operation, the status of the electronic repair work order will be changed to "completed".

6. A method for monitoring external force damage to urban underground pipelines and road collapses according to claim 1, characterized in that, The chirped higher-order modulation technique includes: An electrical signal with linear frequency modulation characteristics is generated by an arbitrary waveform generator, which drives an optical pulse modulator to jointly modulate the intensity and frequency of a continuous laser, forming a probe pulse whose frequency changes linearly with time. The multidimensional aliasing demodulation includes: at the optical signal receiving end, the backscattered light is guided to the polarization diversity coherent receiver through a polarization-maintaining fiber circulator, and is detected along two orthogonal polarization states, X and Y, respectively, and outputs two photocurrent signals. The two photocurrent signals are converted from analog to digital and then sent to the digital signal processing unit, where they are jointly processed by the X-axis and Y-axis phase recovery algorithms to obtain complete complex phase information. A joint time-frequency domain analysis is performed on the complete complex phase information, transforming the complete complex phase information from a one-dimensional time series into a two-dimensional time-spectrum graph; The Hanning window pulse envelope signal processing technique includes: using the Hanning window envelope as the intensity modulation function of the probe pulse during multidimensional aliasing demodulation.

7. A method for monitoring external force damage to urban underground pipelines and road collapses according to claim 3, characterized in that, The constructed spectral dataset of signals from various types of external force damage to urban underground pipelines and road collapses includes: Collect the mapping relationship between event types and vibration signal characteristics, and demodulate the vibration signal; The demodulated vibration signal is subjected to time-frequency transformation using short-time Fourier transform to obtain a time-frequency spectrum, from which multidimensional features are extracted. Based on statistical analysis and clustering algorithms, we summarize the characteristic patterns of various event types and establish preliminary association rules between vibration signal characteristics and damage types. Label all the data in the time-spectrum plots; The event types include: typical construction operation events, road structure anomaly events, normal operation status events, and other interference source signal events; Multidimensional features include: time domain, time-frequency domain, and spatial domain; The labeling information includes: event type, time of occurrence, spatial location, and risk level.

8. A monitoring device for external force damage to urban underground pipelines and road collapses, characterized in that, include: Processing module: Used by the improved high-sensitivity phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometer monitoring system to sense vibration signals and process the vibration signals into a time-spectrum graph; Output module: used to input the time spectrum into a pre-trained abnormal vibration signal classification and risk assessment model to obtain diagnostic results, and output the diagnostic results in a structured format; The generation module is used to upload the diagnostic results, as well as the occurrence time and geographical location, to the intelligent management and control platform in real time. The intelligent management and control platform dynamically labels the GIS map according to the event type and risk level, and generates a structured electronic maintenance work order. Monitoring module: Used by the intelligent management and control platform to monitor the maintenance progress in real time and ensure work order closure; The diagnostic results include: the type of abnormal event and the risk level of the abnormal event; The improved high-sensitivity phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometer monitoring system is a monitoring device with transmission, reception, and processing capabilities obtained by integrating chirped high-order modulation technology, multi-dimensional aliasing demodulation technology, and Hanning window pulse envelope signal processing technology into the system based on the hardware architecture.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: Processor and memory; The processor executes a method for monitoring external damage to urban underground pipelines and road collapses as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 by calling programs or instructions stored in the memory.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a program or instructions that cause a computer to execute a method for monitoring external force damage to urban underground pipelines and road collapses as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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