Pelvic fracture external fixation frame fixation crista iliaca screw placement guider and use method

Abstract

The invention particularly relates to a pelvic fracture external fixation frame fixation iliac crest screw placement guider and a use method thereof. The guider comprises a drilling guide pipe, an auxiliary guide column and a connecting structure. The connecting structure comprises a connecting piece, a first puncture needle and a second puncture needle with the same structure as the first puncture needle; a drilling guide pipe and an auxiliary guide column are fixed to the two ends of the connecting piece correspondingly. One end of each puncture needle is of a pointed cone structure, and the other end of each puncture needle is fixedly installed on one side of the auxiliary guide column. The connecting piece and the two puncture needles are parallel to each other; and the length of the connecting piece is consistent with that of the two puncture needles. The optimal nail feeding point is accurately positioned through the guider, a probe opening method is combined, the Schanz nail is guided to always walk in the cancellous bone between the inner plate and the outer plate of the ilium, and finally the purposes of improving the nail placement accuracy, increasing the fixing strength, reducing complications, shortening the operation time and reducing the medical cost are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical device technology, specifically to the field of orthopedic surgical auxiliary device technology, and more specifically to a guide device for fixing the iliac crest with external fixation for pelvic fractures and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] In the emergency treatment of pelvic fractures, external fixation is an important temporary or final fixation method. Accurate and secure placement of the Schanz nail into the iliac bone is crucial for surgical success. However, the iliac bone is irregular in shape and varies in thickness, and most of the bone, except for the iliac crest, cannot be palpated or directly visualized from the body surface. Therefore, improving the accuracy and safety of nail placement has always been a challenge and a direction for development in this field. Currently, although various nail placement methods exist clinically, they all have significant shortcomings and cannot simultaneously meet the clinical needs of precision, minimal invasiveness, convenience, and low cost.

[0003] There are three main existing methods for placing pins: Method 1, the traditional direct drilling and screw placement method, involves the surgeon relying solely on the iliac crest palpable on the body surface as a reference, and entirely on clinical experience and touch to drill the Schanz screw directly into the iliac bone. However, because this method cannot directly visualize the internal structure and orientation of the bone, the Schanz screw is very likely to penetrate the bone, leading to insecure fixation, loosening, and subsequent screw tract infection, ultimately causing external fixation failure. Furthermore, its accuracy is low and it requires a high level of surgeon experience. like Figure 1 As shown, at point A, with the same entry point, only path b can reach the ideal position due to different entry angles. Figure 1 At point -B, the entry angle is the same, but the entry point position is different. Only path b can achieve the ideal position. This shows that different entry points and directions have a significant impact on the Schanz screw position. Therefore, the probability of achieving the ideal position by directly drilling a Schanz screw percutaneously at the iliac crest is extremely low. Figure 2 As shown, the Chanz screw was not placed in the ideal position, with only a small portion inside the bone, which would result in insecure fixation.

[0004] Method 2, open exposure and screw placement, involves extensively dissecting soft tissue through a surgical incision to expose the inner table of the iliac bone, and drilling a Chanz screw under direct vision. However, this method results in greater surgical trauma, increases the risk of intraoperative bleeding and infection, and even if the above risks do not occur, the Chanz screw still has the risk of extrusion due to the thinness of the iliac bone itself, and the postoperative scar is large and the patient's recovery is slow. Method 3, 3D-printed personalized guide plate-assisted screw placement, involves 3D printing a personalized guide plate that fits the iliac bone surface based on the patient's CT data before surgery. During the operation, the guide plate is placed on the bone surface, and screws are placed through guide holes on the guide plate. Its disadvantages are: printing the guide plate is time-consuming (usually several hours to several days), while pelvic fractures are mostly emergency surgeries, and clinicians cannot wait; guide plates printed with ordinary materials cannot be sterilized by high temperature and high pressure, limiting their aseptic use; and it increases additional medical costs. These factors make it difficult to widely promote in emergency clinical practice.

[0005] Therefore, there is a need in the field for a new external fixator for pelvic fractures, a guide device for fixing iliac crest screws, and a guiding scheme to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Based on this, the present invention proposes a guide device for fixing the iliac crest with external fixation for pelvic fractures and its usage method, which solves the technical problems that the existing technology cannot simultaneously meet the requirements of precision, minimal invasiveness, timeliness and cost.

[0007] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a guide for fixing iliac crest screws in an external fixator for pelvic fractures is provided, the guide comprising a drilled guide tube, an auxiliary guide post, and a connecting structure; The connection structure includes a connector, a first puncture needle, and a second puncture needle with the same structure as the first puncture needle. The two ends of the connector are respectively fixed with a drilling guide tube and an auxiliary guide post; One end of each of the two puncture needles is a pointed cone structure, and the other end of each of the two puncture needles is fixedly installed on one side of the auxiliary guide post; The connector and the two puncture needles are parallel to each other.

[0008] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the length of the connector is the same as the length of the two puncture needles.

[0009] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the distance between the two puncture needles is twice the distance between the connector and the first puncture needle; The diameter of the connector is twice the diameter of the two puncture needles.

[0010] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a method for using an external fixator for pelvic fractures to fix an iliac crest screw guide is provided, for use in any of the preceding external fixators for pelvic fractures to fix an iliac crest screw guide, the method comprising: Insert the guide into a preset position; After being inserted into the preset position, drilling is performed at the position indicated by the drilling guide tube of the guide to form a hole; The borehole is deepened to a preset depth to form a nail track; The nail path is enlarged to the preset nail path diameter to form the nail path to be placed; Screw the preset nail into the nail track to the preset nail depth.

[0011] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the preset position includes at least a first preset position and a second preset position; The first preset position is the location where the needle is inserted close to the outer edge of the iliac crest, at a first distance behind the anterior superior iliac spine; The second preset position is the location where the needle is inserted close to the outer edge of the iliac crest at the second distance behind the anterior superior iliac spine.

[0012] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the inner diameter of the drilling guide tube matches the outer diameter of the bone cone; the drilling operation at the pointing position of the drilling guide tube of the guide to form a drill hole includes: The drilling guide tube is cut open at its pointing position, extending to the surface of the iliac crest. The bone cone is used to drill through the cortical bone on the surface of the iliac crest according to the direction of the drill guide tube to create a borehole; The bone cone and the drill guide are pulled out in sequence to form a drill hole.

[0013] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the step of deepening the borehole to a preset borehole depth to form a nail track includes: Insert the probe through the borehole; The probe is advanced along the predetermined direction, allowing it to penetrate to the predetermined drilling depth; Pull out the probe to create a nail path.

[0014] According to an embodiment of the present invention, before enlarging the nail path to a preset nail path diameter to form the nail path to be placed, the method further includes: Determine whether the actual insertion depth of the probe is consistent with the preset nail length: If the determination is yes, then record the insertion depth values ​​of the first probe and the second probe, and execute the subsequent steps; Otherwise, the actual insertion depth of the probe is adjusted, and the "determine whether the actual insertion depth of the probe is consistent with the preset nail length" is executed again.

[0015] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the step of enlarging the nail path to a preset nail path diameter to form the nail path to be placed includes: Insert along the nail track using a nail track expander; Advance the nail channel expander to the preset position, so that the nail channel is expanded to the preset nail channel diameter; Remove the nail path expander to create the nail path to be placed.

[0016] According to an embodiment of the present invention, after enlarging the nail path to a preset nail path diameter to form the nail path to be placed, the method further includes: Insert the probe into the desired pin path until the bottom of the path is reached; Pull out the probe, and during the process of pulling out the probe, scrape the bone walls inside and outside the nail channel with the rounded tip of the probe to ensure that the nail channel is within the preset range throughout.

[0017] As can be seen from the above technical solution, the pelvic fracture external fixator for iliac crest fixation and its method of use provided by the present invention have the following beneficial effects: This invention provides a physical guide specifically designed for locating the iliac crest screw insertion point. Designed to address the anatomical characteristics of the iliac crest within a 5cm posterior region from the anterior superior iliac spine, it can quickly and accurately determine the surface projection point of the iliac crest screw insertion point in this area. This insertion point is the optimal entry point for penetrating the cortical bone and entering the underlying cancellous bone, ensuring that the initial drilling hole is located directly above the space between the inner and outer plates of the iliac bone. This creates the prerequisite for the subsequent probe to smoothly enter the cancellous bone region, providing a solid foundation for the entire precise screw placement process. This guide is a standard instrument, readily available and sterilizable, requiring no waiting for customization, perfectly meeting the needs of emergency surgery, thus demonstrating strong emergency applicability. Compared to existing 3D-printed guides, it adds almost no additional medical costs and reduces complications such as revision surgery and infection due to screw placement failure, exhibiting extremely high health economic value and significant cost-effectiveness.

[0018] The present invention provides a method for using a pelvic fracture external fixator for iliac crest nail placement, establishing a complete standardized nail placement process of "guidance and positioning - probe path opening - nail tract enlargement - probe verification." This involves using the guide to determine the entry point, the probe to open the path, the expander for preparation, and finally, a round-tipped probe to verify that the nail tract remains entirely within the bone. This transforms the nail placement process from a single operation into a multi-step confirmation system, significantly reducing the probability of errors. Furthermore, the final probe verification step repeatedly confirms the integrity of the nail tract wall, ensuring secure fixation after the Schanz nail is inserted, thereby significantly enhancing fixation strength and effectively reducing nail loosening and nail tract infection. The invention also utilizes the softness of the iliac crest's cancellous bone and the hardness of its cortical bone, using a probe of appropriate hardness for path opening, achieving optimal results when the probe is in the cancellous bone... With minimal resistance to advancement within the bone and noticeable changes in tactile sensation upon touching or penetrating the cortex, the surgeon can perceive the screw path in real time and adjust its direction and depth accordingly. This dynamic adjustment of the screw path avoids the difficulty of adjustment once an incorrect path is discovered during direct drilling in existing technologies, significantly improving the success rate of screw placement. This invention ensures accurate entry point through a physical guide and ensures the screw path travels within the cancellous bone through tactile feedback from the probe, truly achieving precise screw placement under minimally invasive techniques and unifying precision and minimally invasiveness. The probe's tactile feedback provides real-time feedback to the surgeon, allowing them to perceive the screw path status (such as penetrating the cortex) in real time and make timely adjustments, avoiding irreversible damage caused by blind drilling. The secondary probe verification further confirms the safety of the screw path and makes the surgical process safer and more controllable. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The disclosure of this invention will become more readily understood with reference to the accompanying drawings. It will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that these drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this invention. Furthermore, similar numbers in the drawings are used to denote similar components, wherein: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the effect of different insertion points and directions on the position of the Schanz pin; Figure 2 This is a diagram illustrating that the Schanz pin was not placed in the ideal position; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the iliac crest fixation guide for external fixation of pelvic fractures according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a method for using an external fixator for pelvic fracture fixation with an iliac crest screw guide according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the guide is located in a first preset position; Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the guide in a second preset position in a method of using an external fixator for pelvic fracture fixation of the iliac crest pin according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the insertion of a probe into a drill hole in a method of using an external fixator for pelvic fracture fixation of an iliac crest screw guide according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the preset planning direction of the probe in a method of using an external fixator for iliac crest fixation of pelvic fractures according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the insertion of a screw channel expander into the screw channel in a method of using an external fixator for iliac crest fixation of a pelvic fracture according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of an external fixator for a method of using an external fixator for pelvic fracture fixation of an iliac crest screw guide according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating the main steps of using an external fixator for pelvic fracture fixation and iliac crest screw placement guide according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] List of reference numerals in the attached diagram: A: Auxiliary guide post; B: Connector; C: Drilling guide tube; D: First puncture needle; E: Second puncture needle. Detailed Implementation

[0021] Some embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] In the description of this invention, "module" and "processor" can include hardware, software, or a combination of both. A module can include hardware circuitry, various suitable sensors, communication ports, memory, and may also include software components, such as program code, or a combination of software and hardware. A processor can be a central processing unit, microprocessor, image processor, digital signal processor, or any other suitable processor. The processor has data and / or signal processing capabilities. The processor can be implemented in software, in hardware, or a combination of both. Non-transitory computer-readable storage media includes any suitable medium capable of storing program code, such as magnetic disks, hard disks, optical disks, flash memory, read-only memory, random access memory, etc. The term "A and / or B" means all possible combinations of A and B, such as only A, only B, or A and B. The terms "at least one A or B" or "at least one of A and B" have a similar meaning to "A and / or B" and can include only A, only B, or A and B. The singular terms "a" or "this" can also include plural forms.

[0023] See appendix Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of a pelvic fracture external fixator guide for iliac crest fixation screw placement, according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 As shown, a guide device for fixing the iliac crest with an external fixator for pelvic fractures in an embodiment of the present invention mainly includes a drilled guide tube C, an auxiliary guide column A, and a connecting structure. The connection structure includes a connector B, a first puncture needle D, and a second puncture needle E with the same structure as the first puncture needle D. The two ends of the connector B are respectively fixed with a drilling guide tube C and an auxiliary guide column A; One end of each of the two puncture needles is a pointed cone structure, and the other end of each of the two puncture needles is fixedly installed on one side of the auxiliary guide post A; The connector B and the two puncture needles are parallel to each other.

[0024] In some embodiments, the length of connector B is the same as the length of the two puncture needles.

[0025] In some embodiments, the distance between the two puncture needles is twice the distance between the connector B and the first puncture needle D; The diameter of connector B is twice the diameter of the two puncture needles.

[0026] In some embodiments, the drilling guide tube C, auxiliary guide column A, connector B, first puncture needle D, and second puncture needle E of the pelvic fracture external fixator iliac crest screw placement guide are all made of medical stainless steel. The auxiliary guide post A is a solid cylinder with a diameter of 2.0 cm and a length of 20.0 cm; Connector B, first puncture needle D, and second puncture needle E are parallel to each other and are all perpendicularly connected to auxiliary guide post A. The distance between connector B and first puncture needle D is 5.0 cm. This distance is set to take into account that some patients have thicker fat at the iliac crest. The distance can also be set by those skilled in the art according to the actual situation, and will not be elaborated here. The distance between the first puncture needle D and the second puncture needle E is 10.0 cm. There are no important blood vessels or nerves in this area, and it will not enter the hip joint. The second puncture needle E is connected to the auxiliary guide post A at a distance of 1.0 cm from the lower end of the auxiliary guide post A. The drilling guide post is parallel to the auxiliary guide post A and is connected perpendicularly to the connector B. The connector B is connected to the drilling guide post at a distance of 5.0 cm from the upper end of the drilling guide post. Connector B, first puncture needle D, and second puncture needle E are all solid cylinders 12.0 cm long. This distance is designed to cover the distance between the skin on the anterolateral aspect of the buttock and the outer plate of the iliac bone in most patients. The setting of this distance can also be made by those skilled in the art according to the actual situation, and will not be elaborated here. Connector B has a diameter of 5.0 mm, and the first puncture needle D and second puncture needle E have a diameter of 2.5 mm. Because too thick a needle would cause greater damage to soft tissue, and too thin a needle would easily deform, the diameter is set to 2.5 mm. The ends are cone-shaped structures with a length of 3.0 mm. The drilling guide post is a circular tubular structure with a length of 6.0cm, an outer diameter of 4.0mm, an inner diameter of 3.0mm, and a wall thickness of 1.0mm.

[0027] In some embodiments, the purpose of the guide is to locate the iliac crest insertion point. Therefore, the guide can be implemented with different physical structures. For example, it can be a caliper-like structure with graduations or a clamp-like structure with two positioning feet. Those skilled in the art can freely choose according to the actual situation, as long as it can ultimately stably indicate the distance of 2.0 mm from the outer edge of the iliac crest surface. Further details will not be elaborated here.

[0028] This invention provides a physical guide specifically designed for locating the iliac crest screw insertion point. Designed to address the anatomical characteristics of the iliac crest within a 5cm posterior region from the anterior superior iliac spine, it can quickly and accurately determine the surface projection point of the iliac crest screw insertion point in this area. This insertion point is the optimal entry point for penetrating the cortical bone and entering the underlying cancellous bone, ensuring that the initial drilling hole is located directly above the space between the inner and outer plates of the iliac bone. This creates the prerequisite for the subsequent probe to smoothly enter the cancellous bone region, providing a solid foundation for the entire precise screw placement process. This guide is a standard instrument, readily available and sterilizable, requiring no waiting for customization, perfectly meeting the needs of emergency surgery, thus demonstrating strong emergency applicability. Compared to existing 3D-printed guides, it adds almost no additional medical costs and reduces complications such as revision surgery and infection due to screw placement failure, exhibiting extremely high health economic value and significant cost-effectiveness.

[0029] Furthermore, the present invention also provides a method for using an external fixator for pelvic fracture fixation of the iliac crest screw guide.

[0030] See appendix Figure 10 , Figure 10 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating the main steps of using an external fixator for pelvic fracture fixation with an iliac crest screw guide according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figures 4 to 10 As shown, the method of using an external fixator for pelvic fracture fixation and iliac crest screw placement guide in an embodiment of the present invention is used for the aforementioned external fixator for pelvic fracture fixation and iliac crest screw placement guide. The method mainly includes the following steps S1-S5.

[0031] Step S1: Insert the guide into the preset position; In some embodiments, the preset position includes at least a first preset position and a second preset position; The first preset position is the location where the needle is inserted close to the outer edge of the iliac crest, at a first distance behind the anterior superior iliac spine; The second preset position is the location where the needle is inserted close to the outer edge of the iliac crest at the second distance behind the anterior superior iliac spine.

[0032] In some embodiments, the first distance is approximately 1.0 cm from the anterior superior iliac spine, and the second distance is approximately 5.0 cm from the anterior superior iliac spine.

[0033] Step S2: After inserting into the preset position, perform drilling operation at the position pointed to by the drilling guide tube of the guide to form a drill hole; In some embodiments, the inner diameter of the drilling guide tube matches the outer diameter of the bone cone; the drilling operation at the pointing position of the drilling guide tube of the guide to form a borehole includes: The drilling guide tube is cut open at its pointing position, extending to the surface of the iliac crest. The bone cone is used to drill through the cortical bone on the surface of the iliac crest according to the direction of the drill guide tube to create a borehole; The bone cone and the drill guide are pulled out in sequence to form a drill hole.

[0034] In some embodiments, the specific steps for drilling at the first preset position and the second preset position include: Based on the direction of the lower end of the drill guide tube on the iliac crest screw guide, use a sharp knife to make a full-thickness cut down to the surface of the iliac crest. The iliac crest cortical bone is drilled through the drilling guide tube on the iliac crest screw guide with a bone awl to create a hole and complete the drilling operation at the first preset position. Then the guide is pulled out and moved backward in parallel until the iliac crest pin guide is in the second preset position. The drilling operation described above is repeated to complete the drilling operation at the second preset position.

[0035] In some embodiments, because the lateral surface of the iliac crest bone is relatively flat, the iliac crest screw guide, such as... Figure 4 as well as Figure 5 After placement, since the length of the connector of the iliac crest screw guide is exactly the same as the length of the two puncture needles, the tips of the two puncture needles are now in close contact with the bone surface. The radius of the drilling guide tube is 2.0 mm, and the average distance from the outer edge of the iliac crest to the ideal drilling point is about 2.0 mm. Therefore, the ideal drilling position can be achieved by drilling with a bone awl with a diameter of 3.0 mm through the sleeve of the drilling guide tube.

[0036] Step S3: Deepen the borehole to the preset drilling depth to form the nail track; In some embodiments, deepening the borehole to a preset borehole depth to form a nail track includes: Insert the probe through the borehole; The probe is advanced along the predetermined direction, allowing it to penetrate to the predetermined drilling depth; Pull out the probe to create a nail path.

[0037] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6 as well as Figure 7 As shown, a round-tipped probe of moderate stiffness is inserted into the aforementioned hole. The surgeon holds the probe with both hands and gradually pushes it forward along the pre-planned direction, i.e., the direction or angle of screw placement planned by the preoperative CT scan. Since the probe tip has little resistance when advancing within the cancellous bone, when the probe deviates and touches or penetrates the hard inner / outer cortical bone, the surgeon will feel a significant increase in resistance or a breakthrough sensation, i.e., a deviation from the pre-planned direction. At this point, the probe should be withdrawn immediately, the angle should be slightly adjusted, and the attempt should be made again until the probe can advance smoothly within the cancellous bone, i.e., ensuring that the probe is advanced along the pre-planned direction. The probe is continuously advanced until it can no longer proceed, i.e., it touches the contralateral cortical bone, thus reaching the preset drilling depth.

[0038] In some embodiments, the core requirements for the probe in this method are moderate hardness, blunt tip, and the ability to transmit tactile feedback. Therefore, in addition to dedicated pedicle probes, some modified Kirschner wires or bone needles can theoretically achieve similar functions after ensuring that their tips are blunt and have a certain degree of toughness. However, dedicated probes have the best tactile feedback and safety, so this method uses dedicated probes.

[0039] Step S4: Enlarge the nail path to the preset nail path diameter to form the nail path to be placed; In some embodiments, before enlarging the nail path to a preset nail path diameter to form the nail path to be placed, the method further includes: Determine whether the actual insertion depth of the probe is consistent with the preset nail length: If the determination is yes, then record the insertion depth values ​​of the first probe and the second probe, and execute the subsequent steps; Otherwise, the actual insertion depth of the probe is adjusted, and the "determine whether the actual insertion depth of the probe is consistent with the preset nail length" is executed again.

[0040] In some embodiments, the probe insertion depth is compared with a preset nail length, i.e., the intended nail length measured by the preoperative CT three-dimensional image: if the lengths are consistent, the probe insertion depth is recorded, and the nail path position is initially confirmed to be correct, thus achieving the first verification of the accuracy of the nail path position.

[0041] In some embodiments, expanding the nail path to a preset nail path diameter to form the nail path to be placed includes: Insert along the nail track using a nail track expander; Advance the nail channel expander to the preset position, so that the nail channel is expanded to the preset nail channel diameter; Remove the nail path expander to create the nail path to be placed.

[0042] In some embodiments, the probe is pulled out, such as Figure 8 The blunt-tipped nail channel expander is used to slowly insert and advance along the established nail channel to expand the channel to a predetermined diameter in preparation for the insertion of the Schanz nail.

[0043] In some embodiments, after enlarging the nail path to a preset nail path diameter to form the nail path to be placed, the method further includes: Insert the probe into the desired pin path until the bottom of the path is reached; Pull out the probe, and during the process of pulling out the probe, scrape the bone walls inside and outside the nail channel with the rounded tip of the probe to ensure that the nail channel is within the preset range, that is, within the cancellous bone between the inner and outer plates of the iliac bone.

[0044] In some embodiments, the expander is removed, and a metal probe with a rounded tip is reinserted into the bottom of the screw tract. The surgeon holds the probe by the tail end with both hands and slowly pulls it outward. During the withdrawal process, the rounded tip of the probe is used to carefully scrape the bone walls inside and outside the screw tract to perform a second inspection of the screw tract. If the entire process feels smooth without any breakthrough or jamming, then it is finally confirmed that the pin path is located entirely within the cancellous bone between the inner and outer plates of the iliac bone, meaning the pin path position is accurate.

[0045] Step S5: Screw the preset nail into the nail track to the preset nail depth.

[0046] In some embodiments, such as Figure 9 As shown, after screwing the preset nail into the nail track to the preset nail depth, the method further includes: Repeat the steps of "inserting the guide into the preset position" and subsequent steps until all preset nails have been inserted; Install nail clamps, rod clamps and connecting rods, and perform reduction of pelvic fracture; Tighten all the screw plugs to secure the external fixator for the pelvic fracture.

[0047] In some embodiments, the pin used here is a pre-selected Schanz pin.

[0048] Specifically, the number of pins can be four. The selection of pins and the selection of the specified number are illustrative examples. In actual implementation, those skilled in the art can make the selection according to the actual situation, which will not be elaborated here.

[0049] Based on steps S1-S5 above, a complete standardized screw placement process was established, consisting of "guided positioning - probe path opening - screw channel enlargement - probe verification." This involves using a guide to determine the entry point, the probe to open the path, the expander for preparation, and finally, a round-tipped probe to verify that the screw channel remains entirely within the bone. This transforms the screw placement process from a single operation into a multi-step, systematic process, significantly reducing the probability of errors. Furthermore, the final probe verification step repeatedly confirms the integrity of the screw channel wall, ensuring secure fixation after the Schanz screw is inserted, thereby significantly enhancing fixation strength and effectively reducing screw loosening and screw channel infection. This invention also utilizes the softness of the iliac bone's cancellous bone and the hardness of its cortical bone, using a probe of appropriate hardness for path opening, resulting in minimal resistance as the probe advances through the cancellous bone. When the tactile feedback changes significantly upon touching or penetrating the cortex, the surgeon can perceive the status of the screw path in real time and adjust its direction and depth accordingly. This enables dynamic adjustment of the screw path, avoiding the difficulty of adjustment once an incorrect path is discovered during direct drilling in existing technologies. This greatly improves the success rate of screw placement. This invention ensures accurate entry point through a physical guide and ensures the screw path travels within the cancellous bone through tactile feedback from the probe, truly achieving precise screw placement under minimally invasive techniques and unifying precision and minimally invasiveness. The tactile feedback from the probe provides real-time feedback to the surgeon, allowing them to perceive the screw path status (such as penetrating the cortex) in real time and make timely adjustments, avoiding irreversible damage caused by blind drilling. The secondary probe verification process further confirms the safety of the screw path and makes the surgical procedure safer and more controllable.

[0050] In one embodiment, a description of the specific function can be found in the method of using an external fixator for pelvic fracture fixation of the iliac crest pin guide according to the present invention.

[0051] The aforementioned external fixator for pelvic fractures, used to fix the iliac crest screw guide, is for the purpose of execution. Figure 10 The embodiment of the method of using an external fixator for fixing the iliac crest screw in a pelvic fracture is shown. The technical principles, technical problems solved, and technical effects of the two are similar. Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working process and related instructions of the external fixator for fixing the iliac crest screw in a pelvic fracture can be found in the embodiment of the method of using an external fixator for fixing the iliac crest screw in a pelvic fracture, and will not be repeated here.

[0052] Those skilled in the art will understand that the various modules in the device can be adaptively split or combined. Such splitting or combining of specific modules will not cause the technical solution to deviate from the principles of the present invention; therefore, the technical solutions after splitting or combining will fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0053] The technical solution of the present invention has been described above with reference to the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of protection of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principles of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after such changes or substitutions will all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A guide device for fixing iliac crest screws in an external fixator for pelvic fractures, characterized in that, The guide includes a drilling guide tube, an auxiliary guide post, and a connecting structure; The connection structure includes a connector, a first puncture needle, and a second puncture needle with the same structure as the first puncture needle. The two ends of the connector are respectively fixed with a drilling guide tube and an auxiliary guide post; One end of each of the two puncture needles is a pointed cone structure, and the other end of each of the two puncture needles is fixedly installed on one side of the auxiliary guide post; The connector and the two puncture needles are parallel to each other.

2. The pelvic fracture external fixator for iliac crest fixation screw placement guide according to claim 1, characterized in that, The length of the connector is the same as the length of the two puncture needles.

3. The pelvic fracture external fixator for iliac crest fixation screw placement guide according to claim 2, characterized in that, The distance between the two puncture needles is twice the distance between the connector and the first puncture needle; The diameter of the connector is twice the diameter of the two puncture needles.

4. A method for using an external fixator for pelvic fractures to fix an iliac crest screw guide, characterized in that... The method for using the iliac crest screw guide for external fixation of pelvic fractures according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the method comprising: Insert the guide into a preset position; After being inserted into the preset position, drilling is performed at the position indicated by the drilling guide tube of the guide to form a hole; The borehole is deepened to a preset depth to form a nail track; The nail path is enlarged to the preset nail path diameter to form the nail path to be placed; Screw the preset nail into the nail track to the preset nail depth.

5. The method of using the iliac crest fixation guide for external fixation of pelvic fractures according to claim 4, characterized in that, The preset positions include at least a first preset position and a second preset position; The first preset position is the location where the needle is inserted close to the outer edge of the iliac crest, at a first distance behind the anterior superior iliac spine; The second preset position is the location where the needle is inserted close to the outer edge of the iliac crest at the second distance behind the anterior superior iliac spine.

6. The method of using the iliac crest fixation guide for external fixation of pelvic fractures according to claim 5, characterized in that, The inner diameter of the drilling guide tube matches the outer diameter of the bone cone; the drilling operation at the pointing position of the drilling guide tube of the guide to form a borehole includes: The drilling guide tube is cut open at its pointing position, extending to the surface of the iliac crest. The bone cone is used to drill through the cortical bone on the surface of the iliac crest according to the direction of the drill guide tube to create a borehole; The bone cone and the drill guide are pulled out in sequence to form a drill hole.

7. The method of using the iliac crest fixation guide for external fixation of pelvic fractures according to claim 6, characterized in that, The step of deepening the borehole to a preset depth to form a nail track includes: Insert the probe through the borehole; The probe is advanced along the predetermined direction, allowing it to penetrate to the predetermined drilling depth; Pull out the probe to create a nail path.

8. The method of using the iliac crest fixation guide for external fixation of pelvic fractures according to claim 7, characterized in that, Before enlarging the nail path to a preset nail path diameter to form the nail path to be placed, the method further includes: Determine whether the actual insertion depth of the probe is consistent with the preset nail length: If the determination is yes, then record the insertion depth values ​​of the first probe and the second probe, and execute the subsequent steps; Otherwise, the actual insertion depth of the probe is adjusted, and the "determine whether the actual insertion depth of the probe is consistent with the preset nail length" is executed again.

9. The method of using the iliac crest fixation guide for external fixation of pelvic fractures according to claim 8, characterized in that, The process of enlarging the nail path to a preset nail path diameter to form the nail path to be placed includes: Insert along the nail track using a nail track expander; Advance the nail channel expander to the preset position, so that the nail channel is expanded to the preset nail channel diameter; Remove the nail path expander to create the nail path to be placed.

10. The method of using the iliac crest fixation guide for external fixation of pelvic fractures according to claim 9, characterized in that, After enlarging the nail path to a preset nail path diameter to form the nail path to be placed, the method further includes: Insert the probe into the desired pin path until the bottom of the path is reached; Pull out the probe, and during the process of pulling out the probe, scrape the bone walls inside and outside the nail channel with the rounded tip of the probe to ensure that the nail channel is within the preset range throughout.

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