A device and method for simulating and optimizing water body turbidity reduction process based on multi-medium filtration

Abstract

The application relates to a water body turbidity reduction process simulation optimization device and method based on multi-medium filtration. The device comprises a cross-shaped organic glass tank body which is sequentially glued from left to right by a first organic glass tank component, a second organic glass tank component and a third organic glass tank component; two parallel water-permeable partitions are arranged in the second organic glass tank component, so that the internal space is sequentially divided into a left-end water tank, an intermediate filter material tank and a right-end water tank from left to right, and the three tanks respectively simulate the water body in front of a dam, the filter dam and the water body behind the dam in a water storage pool; a plurality of steel wire mesh sheets are vertically arranged in the intermediate filter material tank; a turbid water preparation assembly comprises a stirrer, a lifting platform and a turbid water preparation barrel; a turbid water feeding and discharging assembly comprises a water feeding module and a water discharging module; and a turbid water monitoring assembly comprises a water sample collecting module, a turbidity detecting module and a photographic recording module. Compared with the prior art, the application has the advantages of flexible structure, convenient operation, improved test efficiency, comprehensive monitoring means and strong universality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water treatment technology, and in particular to a device and method for simulating and optimizing the turbidity reduction process of water bodies based on multi-media filtration. Background Technology

[0002] Lakes and reservoirs, as crucial water resource storage and ecological regulation units, directly impact regional water security and ecological health through water clarity. Currently, the widespread problem of increased turbidity in lakes and reservoirs is closely related to human activities. Unreasonable land use practices, such as excessive cultivation of slopes and vegetation destruction, severely exacerbate soil erosion in watersheds, leading to a continuous influx of sediment into river and lake systems via surface runoff, becoming a major external source driving increased water turbidity.

[0003] To address water turbidity caused by sediment input, existing technologies can be broadly categorized into engineering, chemical, and ecological approaches, and further classified as in-situ or ex-situ treatment based on the implementation site. Among these, filter dams, as a typical in-situ engineering measure, reduce sediment in water through physical interception and filtration, offering advantages such as strong applicability and wide applicability. Their turbidity reduction effect hinges on the optimized design of the dam structure, which is constrained by multiple factors: first, the characteristics of the filter media, including material type, particle size distribution, and combination method, which directly affect sediment interception efficiency and pollution carrying capacity through adsorption and sieving; second, the dam structure and its installation environment, such as the dam's filter layer structure, location, and surrounding water flow velocity, collectively determining the flow pattern and interception efficiency of water and sediment passing through the dam. Due to the complex environmental conditions of natural lakes and reservoirs, the high cost and uncontrollable conditions of on-site testing, conducting indoor physical model tests has become an important means of studying filter dam performance and optimizing its design parameters.

[0004] However, existing experimental devices used for filter dam research generally have limitations: their structures are often integrated and fixed, making it difficult to flexibly simulate the layout of filter dams in different locations; the modularity of the filter media tank is low, and the process of replacing and combining filter media is cumbersome; the overall device is inconvenient to disassemble and assemble, resulting in long preparation cycles and poor repeatability for multi-condition comparative tests. These shortcomings seriously restrict the development of systematic research on filter media selection, dam location and structure optimization, and the influence of hydraulic conditions.

[0005] Therefore, developing a new type of indoor test simulation device that is highly flexible, modular, and easy to disassemble and reassemble has a clear technical purpose and significant importance. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology by providing a simulation and optimization device and method for water turbidity reduction process based on multi-media filtration. The device and method are flexible in structure, convenient in operation, and significantly improve experimental efficiency. The monitoring methods are comprehensive and the evaluation system is multi-dimensional to ensure data reliability. The device and method are cost-effective and have strong platform versatility.

[0007] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0008] The present invention aims to construct a precisely controllable and repeatable experimental platform to efficiently simulate the turbidity reduction process of filter dams under different working conditions such as filter media combinations, dam structure and location, and water flow conditions. This will provide direct and reliable experimental data and theoretical support for revealing its internal mechanism and establishing optimization design criteria, and ultimately promote the efficient and scientific application of filter dam technology in the treatment of turbid water in lakes and reservoirs.

[0009] This invention provides a simulation and optimization device for water turbidity reduction process based on multi-media filtration, comprising:

[0010] The cross-shaped acrylic tank includes a first acrylic tank component, a second acrylic tank component, and a third acrylic tank component glued together from left to right, simulating an inflow river, a reservoir, and an outflow river, respectively. Two parallel permeable baffles are inserted inside the second acrylic tank component, dividing the internal space from left to right into a left-end water tank, a middle filter media tank, and a right-end water tank, simulating the water body in front of the dam, the filter dam, and the water body behind the dam in the reservoir, respectively. Multiple steel wire mesh sheets are vertically inserted into the middle filter media tank, dividing the internal space of the middle filter media tank into multiple filter chambers, used to simulate filter dams with different filter media types or combinations.

[0011] A turbid water preparation assembly includes: a stirrer, a lifting platform, and a turbid water preparation tank; the stirrer is installed on the lifting platform, and the turbid water preparation tank is placed on the platform surface of the lifting platform;

[0012] The turbid water inlet and outlet assembly includes: an inlet module and an outlet module; the inlet module is used to connect the turbid water preparation tank to the inlet at the top of the left side panel of the cross-shaped plexiglass tank, and the outlet module is connected to the outlet at the bottom of the right side panel of the cross-shaped plexiglass tank.

[0013] The turbidity monitoring component includes: a water sample collection module, a turbidity detection module, and a photographic recording module.

[0014] Furthermore, on the inner walls of the front and rear panels of the second plexiglass tank component, two pairs of slots are provided at three positions: left, middle, and right, for vertical insertion and fixation of the two permeable baffles; the intermediate filter media tank is formed by the two permeable baffles and the front and rear panels of the second plexiglass tank component. By changing the position of the permeable baffles in the slots, the layout of the intermediate filter media tank in the device can be adjusted.

[0015] Furthermore, the permeable partition is a hollow plexiglass panel, with a fine-mesh steel wire mesh covering its outer surface. The fine-mesh steel wire mesh is fixed to the hollow plexiglass panel by a strip.

[0016] Furthermore, the wire mesh is a stainless steel mesh with an edge, which is fixed by multiple acrylic clips and then bonded to the bottom panel and front and rear panels of the second plexiglass groove component with nano double-sided adhesive.

[0017] Furthermore, the water inlet module includes a peristaltic pump and a water inlet hose. The two ends of the water inlet hose are respectively connected to the outlet of the turbid water preparation tank and the water inlet opened at the top of the left side panel of the cross-shaped plexiglass tank. The peristaltic pump is used to control the water flow rate in the water inlet hose.

[0018] The drainage module includes a drainage hose and a drainage tank. The two ends of the drainage hose are respectively connected to the water outlet at the bottom of the right side panel of the cross-shaped plexiglass tank and the drainage tank.

[0019] Furthermore, the agitator is installed on the support arm of the lifting platform, and the support arm has a vertical height adjustment function. After adjustment, it is fixedly connected to the support arm by rotating the nut. The turbid water preparation tank is placed on the platform of the lifting platform, and the bottom of the turbid water preparation tank is provided with a water outlet with a valve.

[0020] Furthermore, the cross-sections of the first, second, and third plexiglass groove components are all concave.

[0021] Furthermore, the water sample collection module includes multiple wide-mouthed graduated syringe water samplers, used to extract water samples from the left and right sides of the multi-cavity filtration structure arranged in the cross-shaped plexiglass tank.

[0022] The turbidity detection module includes a turbidity meter and a standard bottle. The standard bottle is used to hold the water sample collected by the syringe water sampler and place it in the turbidity meter for turbidity measurement.

[0023] The photographic recording module includes multiple transparent rulers, a camera, and a tripod affixed to the front panel of the second acrylic tank component. The camera is mounted directly above the cross-shaped acrylic tank for photographing and recording the turbidity reduction process.

[0024] This invention also provides a method for simulating and optimizing the turbidity reduction process of water bodies based on multi-media filtration, comprising the following steps:

[0025] S1: Filter media tank layout and filter media filling;

[0026] S2: Turbid water preparation;

[0027] S3: Inlet and outlet control;

[0028] S4: Turbid water sampling and measurement and monitoring of turbidity reduction process;

[0029] S5: Data processing and analysis, which includes: turbidity reduction rate calculation and contribution analysis, water level difference curve plotting and permeability performance evaluation, turbidity critical point identification and turbidity reduction life cycle determination, and multi-condition comparison and optimization design.

[0030] Furthermore, the preparation of turbid water in step S2 includes:

[0031] S21: Prepare multiple sets of turbid water with different sediment contents, measure the turbidity, and establish the relationship between turbidity and sediment content based on the results;

[0032] S22: Based on the relationship between turbidity and sand content, the target turbidity set in the test is converted into the sand content to be prepared. Water and clay are calculated and weighed accordingly, added to the turbid water preparation bucket, and stirred by a stirrer to make the soil particles uniformly suspended to form the test turbid water.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0034] (1) Flexible structure, convenient operation, and significantly improved experimental efficiency:

[0035] Modularity and Adjustability: The core tank of the device adopts a cross-shaped three-part (A, B, C) splicing design, with multiple pairs of slots on the inner wall of the middle part B (the water storage tank simulation area). This allows the core "filter tank" (formed by two permeable baffles) to be easily inserted into the "left," "middle," or "right" slots according to experimental needs, thereby quickly changing the position of the filter structure in the simulated water storage tank to simulate different dam locations.

[0036] Detachable and combinable: The filter tank can be easily divided into multiple chambers by insertable and fixed steel wire mesh, allowing for flexible filling and quick replacement of single or multi-media filter media. This design makes switching test variables such as filter media type and combination method very convenient, shortening the preparation cycle for multi-condition comparative tests.

[0037] (2) Comprehensive monitoring methods and a multi-dimensional evaluation system ensure data reliability:

[0038] Combined Quantification and Visualization: This device integrates a quantitative analysis module for "water sample collection + turbidity detection" and a visual monitoring module for "photographic recording." It can not only achieve quantitative evaluation of turbidity reduction effects by accurately measuring the turbidity of water samples at different locations (such as the inlet, left and right sides of the filter tank, and the outlet) through multi-point, simultaneous sampling and using a turbidity meter; it can also record the entire experimental process through video equipment, allowing for intuitive observation of the dynamic changes in water turbidity.

[0039] Multi-dimensional data analysis: Based on monitoring data, it can not only calculate the "turbidity reduction rate" and analyze the respective contributions of natural sedimentation and filtration interception, but also evaluate the "permeability and flow resistance" of the filter media through water level difference, and determine its "turbidity reduction life cycle" by identifying the "critical point of the filter media from clear to turbid" through image recognition, thus forming a multi-dimensional and systematic performance evaluation system.

[0040] (3) Significant cost-effectiveness and strong platform versatility:

[0041] Easy to implement and low cost: The device is mainly assembled from plexiglass, standard hardware (such as peristaltic pumps and stirrers) and conventional experimental instruments (such as turbidity meters). It has a simple structure, is easy to manufacture and operate, and significantly reduces the construction and implementation cost of water turbidity reduction simulation experiments.

[0042] Providing an efficient and reliable experimental platform: The aforementioned flexibility and comprehensiveness together make this device a reliable experimental platform capable of efficiently simulating the turbidity reduction process of filter dams under various working conditions, such as different filter media combinations, dam locations, and hydraulic conditions. This provides research tools and scientific basis for the optimized design of related water treatment processes (especially filter dams). Attached Figure Description

[0043] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a simulation and optimization device for water turbidity reduction process based on multi-media filtration;

[0044] Figure 2 This is a front view of the intermediate structure of a simulation and optimization device for water turbidity reduction process based on multi-media filtration;

[0045] Figure 3 This is a top view of the intermediate structure of a simulation and optimization device for water turbidity reduction process based on multi-media filtration;

[0046] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a multi-chamber filtration structure for a simulation and optimization device for water turbidity reduction process based on multi-media filtration;

[0047] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a permeable baffle plate for a simulation and optimization device for water turbidity reduction process based on multi-media filtration;

[0048] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the wire mesh fixing structure of a simulation and optimization device for water turbidity reduction process based on multi-media filtration.

[0049] Reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. First acrylic glass tank component; 2. Second acrylic glass tank component; 3. Third acrylic glass tank component; 4. Inlet; 5. Slot; 6. Transparent scale; 7. Permeable baffle; 8. Wire mesh; 9. Acrylic clip; 10. Outlet 1; 11. Inlet hose; 12. Drain hose; 13. Peristaltic pump; 14. Agitator; 15. Lifting platform; 16. Turbid water preparation tank; 17. Outlet 2; 18. Drainage tank; 19. Syringe water sampler; 20. Turbidity meter; 21. Standard test bottle; 22. Camera; 23. Tripod; 24. Filter media tank 1; 25. Filter media tank 2; 26. Filter media tank 3. Detailed Implementation

[0050] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Component models, material names, connection structures, control methods, algorithms, and other features not explicitly described in this technical solution are considered common technical features disclosed in the prior art.

[0051] Example 1

[0052] This embodiment provides a simulation and optimization device for water turbidity reduction process based on multi-media filtration, such as... Figure 1-6 As shown, it includes:

[0053] The cross-shaped acrylic tank includes a first acrylic tank component 1, a second acrylic tank component 2, and a third acrylic tank component 3, which are glued together from left to right, simulating an inflow river, a reservoir, and an outflow river, respectively. Two parallel permeable baffles 7 are inserted inside the second acrylic tank component 2, dividing the internal space from left to right into a left-end water tank, a middle filter media tank, and a right-end water tank, simulating the water body in front of the dam, the filter dam, and the water body behind the dam in the reservoir, respectively. Multiple steel wire mesh sheets 8 are vertically inserted into the middle filter media tank, dividing the internal space of the middle filter media tank into multiple filter chambers, used to simulate filter dams with different filter media types or combinations.

[0054] The turbid water preparation assembly includes: a stirrer 14, a lifting platform 15, and a turbid water preparation tank 16; the stirrer 14 is installed on the lifting platform 15, and the turbid water preparation tank 16 is placed on the platform of the lifting platform 15.

[0055] The turbid water inlet and outlet assembly includes: an inlet module and an outlet module; the inlet module is used to connect the turbid water preparation tank 16 to the inlet 4 opened at the top of the left side panel of the cross-shaped plexiglass tank, and the outlet module is connected to the outlet 10 opened at the bottom of the right side panel of the cross-shaped plexiglass tank.

[0056] The turbidity monitoring component includes: a water sample collection module, a turbidity detection module, and a photographic recording module.

[0057] Example 2

[0058] This embodiment provides a simulation and optimization method for water turbidity reduction processes based on multi-media filtration, such as... Figure 1-6 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0059] S1: Filter media tank layout and filter media filling;

[0060] S2: Turbid water preparation;

[0061] S3: Inlet and outlet control;

[0062] S4: Turbid water sampling and measurement and monitoring of turbidity reduction process;

[0063] S5: Data processing and analysis, which includes: turbidity reduction rate calculation and contribution analysis, water level difference curve plotting and permeability performance evaluation, turbidity critical point identification and turbidity reduction life cycle determination, and multi-condition comparison and optimization design.

[0064] Example 3

[0065] This embodiment provides a simulation and optimization device for water turbidity reduction process based on multi-media filtration, such as... Figure 1-6 As shown, it includes:

[0066] The cross-shaped acrylic tank includes a first acrylic tank component 1, a second acrylic tank component 2, and a third acrylic tank component 3, which are glued together from left to right, simulating an inflow river, a reservoir, and an outflow river, respectively. Two parallel permeable baffles 7 are inserted inside the second acrylic tank component 2, dividing the internal space from left to right into a left-end water tank, a middle filter media tank, and a right-end water tank, simulating the water body in front of the dam, the filter dam, and the water body behind the dam in the reservoir, respectively. Multiple steel wire mesh sheets 8 are vertically inserted into the middle filter media tank, dividing the internal space of the middle filter media tank into multiple filter chambers, used to simulate filter dams with different filter media types or combinations.

[0067] The turbid water preparation assembly includes: a stirrer 14, a lifting platform 15, and a turbid water preparation tank 16; the stirrer 14 is installed on the lifting platform 15, and the turbid water preparation tank 16 is placed on the platform of the lifting platform 15.

[0068] The turbid water inlet and outlet assembly includes: an inlet module and an outlet module; the inlet module is used to connect the turbid water preparation tank 16 to the inlet 4 opened at the top of the left side panel of the cross-shaped plexiglass tank, and the outlet module is connected to the outlet 10 opened at the bottom of the right side panel of the cross-shaped plexiglass tank.

[0069] The turbidity monitoring component includes: a water sample collection module, a turbidity detection module, and a photographic recording module.

[0070] In a specific embodiment, two pairs of slots 5 are provided on the inner walls of the front and rear panels of the second plexiglass tank component 2 at three positions: left, middle, and right, to realize the vertical insertion and fixation of the two permeable baffles 7; the intermediate filter media tank is formed by the two permeable baffles 7 and the front and rear panels of the second plexiglass tank component 2. By changing the position of the permeable baffles 7 in the slots 5, the layout of the intermediate filter media tank in the device can be adjusted.

[0071] In a specific embodiment, the permeable partition 7 is a hollow plexiglass plate, and its outer surface is covered with a fine mesh steel wire mesh, which is fixed to the hollow plexiglass plate by a strip.

[0072] In a specific embodiment, the wire mesh 8 is a stainless steel mesh with an edge, and the edge is fixed by multiple acrylic clips 9. The clips 9 are then bonded to the bottom panel and the front and rear panels of the second plexiglass groove component 2 using nano double-sided adhesive.

[0073] In a specific embodiment, the water inlet module includes a peristaltic pump 13 and a water inlet hose 11. The two ends of the water inlet hose 11 are respectively connected to the water outlet 17 of the turbid water preparation tank 16 and the water inlet 4 opened at the top of the left side panel of the cross-shaped plexiglass tank. The peristaltic pump 13 is used to control the water flow rate in the water inlet hose 11.

[0074] The drainage module includes a drainage hose 12 and a drainage tank 18. The two ends of the drainage hose 12 are respectively connected to the water outlet 10 opened at the bottom of the right side panel of the cross-shaped plexiglass tank and the drainage tank 18.

[0075] In a specific embodiment, the stirrer 14 is installed on the support arm of the lifting platform 15. The support arm has a vertical height adjustment function. After adjustment, it is fixedly connected to the support arm by rotating the nut. The turbid water preparation tank 16 is placed on the platform of the lifting platform 15. The bottom of the cylinder wall of the turbid water preparation tank 16 is provided with a water outlet 17 with a valve.

[0076] In a specific embodiment, the cross-sections of the first plexiglass groove component 1, the second plexiglass groove component 2, and the third plexiglass groove component 3 are all concave.

[0077] In a specific embodiment, the water sample collection module includes multiple wide-mouthed graduated syringe water samplers 19, used to extract water samples from the left and right sides of the multi-cavity filter structure arranged in the cross-shaped plexiglass tank.

[0078] The turbidity detection module includes a turbidity meter 20 and a standard detection bottle 21. The standard detection bottle 21 is used to hold the water sample collected by the syringe water sampler 19 and place it in the turbidity meter 20 for turbidity measurement.

[0079] The photographic recording module includes multiple transparent scales 6, a camera 22, and a tripod 23 affixed to the front panel of the second acrylic tank component 2. The camera 22 is mounted directly above the cross-shaped acrylic tank and is used to photograph and record the turbidity reduction process.

[0080] Example 4

[0081] This embodiment provides a simulation and optimization device for water turbidity reduction process based on multi-media filtration, such as... Figure 1-6 As shown, it includes:

[0082] The cross-shaped acrylic tank includes a first acrylic tank component 1, a second acrylic tank component 2, and a third acrylic tank component 3, which are glued together from left to right, simulating an inflow river, a reservoir, and an outflow river, respectively. Two parallel permeable baffles 7 are inserted inside the second acrylic tank component 2, dividing the internal space from left to right into a left-end water tank, a middle filter media tank, and a right-end water tank, simulating the water body in front of the dam, the filter dam, and the water body behind the dam in the reservoir, respectively. Multiple steel wire mesh sheets 8 are vertically inserted into the middle filter media tank, dividing the internal space of the middle filter media tank into multiple filter chambers, used to simulate filter dams with different filter media types or combinations.

[0083] The turbid water preparation assembly includes: a stirrer 14, a lifting platform 15, and a turbid water preparation tank 16; the stirrer 14 is installed on the lifting platform 15, and the turbid water preparation tank 16 is placed on the platform of the lifting platform 15.

[0084] The turbid water inlet and outlet assembly includes: an inlet module and an outlet module; the inlet module is used to connect the turbid water preparation tank 16 to the inlet 4 opened at the top of the left side panel of the cross-shaped plexiglass tank, and the outlet module is connected to the outlet 10 opened at the bottom of the right side panel of the cross-shaped plexiglass tank.

[0085] The turbidity monitoring component includes: a water sample collection module, a turbidity detection module, and a photographic recording module.

[0086] In a specific embodiment, two pairs of slots 5 are provided on the inner walls of the front and rear panels of the second plexiglass tank component 2 at three positions: left, middle, and right, to realize the vertical insertion and fixation of the two permeable baffles 7; the intermediate filter media tank is formed by the two permeable baffles 7 and the front and rear panels of the second plexiglass tank component 2. By changing the position of the permeable baffles 7 in the slots 5, the layout of the intermediate filter media tank in the device can be adjusted.

[0087] In a specific embodiment, the permeable partition 7 is a hollow plexiglass plate, and its outer surface is covered with a fine mesh steel wire mesh, which is fixed to the hollow plexiglass plate by a strip.

[0088] In a specific embodiment, the wire mesh 8 is a stainless steel mesh with a 2mm mesh size. The edging is fixed by multiple acrylic clips 9, and the clips 9 are bonded to the bottom panel and front and rear panels of the second plexiglass groove component 2 by nano double-sided adhesive.

[0089] In a specific embodiment, the water inlet module includes a peristaltic pump 13 and a water inlet hose 11. The two ends of the water inlet hose 11 are respectively connected to the water outlet 17 of the turbid water preparation tank 16 and the water inlet 4 opened at the top of the left side panel of the cross-shaped plexiglass tank. The peristaltic pump 13 is used to control the water flow rate in the water inlet hose 11.

[0090] The drainage module includes a drainage hose 12 and a drainage tank 18. The two ends of the drainage hose 12 are respectively connected to the water outlet 10 opened at the bottom of the right side panel of the cross-shaped plexiglass tank and the drainage tank 18.

[0091] In a specific embodiment, the stirrer 14 is installed on the support arm of the lifting platform 15. The support arm has a vertical height adjustment function. After adjustment, it is fixedly connected to the support arm by rotating the nut. The turbid water preparation tank 16 is placed on the platform of the lifting platform 15. The bottom of the cylinder wall of the turbid water preparation tank 16 is provided with a water outlet 17 with a valve.

[0092] In a specific embodiment, the cross-sections of the first plexiglass groove component 1, the second plexiglass groove component 2, and the third plexiglass groove component 3 are all concave.

[0093] In a specific embodiment, the water sample collection module includes multiple wide-mouthed graduated syringe water samplers 19, used to extract water samples from the left and right sides of the multi-cavity filter structure arranged in the cross-shaped plexiglass tank.

[0094] The turbidity detection module includes a turbidity meter 20 and a standard detection bottle 21. The standard detection bottle 21 is used to hold the water sample collected by the syringe water sampler 19 and place it in the turbidity meter 20 for turbidity measurement.

[0095] The photographic recording module includes multiple transparent scales 6, a camera 22, and a tripod 23 affixed to the front panel of the second acrylic tank component 2. The camera 22 is mounted directly above the cross-shaped acrylic tank and is used to photograph and record the turbidity reduction process.

[0096] In a specific embodiment, the cross-shaped acrylic trough is made of 8 mm thick acrylic sheet and comprises three components: the first acrylic trough component 1 has internal dimensions of 200 mm x 50 mm x 100 mm, the second acrylic trough component 2 has internal dimensions of 420 mm x 200 mm x 100 mm, and the third acrylic trough component 3 has internal dimensions of 100 mm x 100 mm x 100 mm. Six pairs of slots 5 are arranged from left to right on the inner walls of the front and rear panels of the second acrylic trough component 2, located on the left, middle, and right sides respectively; these are used to vertically insert permeable baffles 7. Within the independent space enclosed by the two permeable baffles 7 and the front and rear panels of the second acrylic trough component 2, two steel wire mesh sheets 8 are inserted at equal intervals to form three sub-filter media troughs, namely filter media trough one 24, filter media trough two 25, and filter media trough three 26, each with dimensions of 200 mm x 10 mm x 100 mm, used to fill different types of filter media.

[0097] In a specific embodiment, the permeable baffle 7 has dimensions of 200 mm x 5 mm x 100 mm, and its outer surface is covered with a diamond-shaped wire mesh with a 3 mm mesh size.

[0098] In this specific embodiment, both inlet 4 and outlet 10 are circular holes with a diameter of 10 mm. The distance from the center of inlet 4 to the inner wall of the bottom plate of the cross-shaped acrylic tank is 80 mm, and the distance from the center of outlet 10 to the inner wall of the bottom plate of the cross-shaped acrylic tank is 20 mm. Outlet 17 is a circular hole with a diameter of 10 mm, and the distance from its center to the inner wall of the bottom of the turbid water preparation tank 16 is 20 mm. The syringe water sampler 19 has a capacity of 60 ml and a needle tip inner diameter of 5 mm. The turbidity meter 20 has a range of 2000 NTU, and the test standard bottle 21 is a transparent glass bottle with a capacity of 25 ml.

[0099] This embodiment also provides a simulation and optimization method for water turbidity reduction process based on multi-media filtration, including the following steps:

[0100] S1: Filter media tank layout and filter media filling;

[0101] S11: According to the requirements of the filter media tank layout in the device (left, middle or right) in the test, select two pairs of slots 5 at corresponding positions on the inner wall of the second plexiglass tank component 2, and vertically insert two permeable baffles 7 into the selected two pairs of slots 5 to form a filter media tank.

[0102] S12: Insert two steel wire mesh plates 8 vertically into the filter media tank at equal intervals along the water flow direction, and fix them with the help of clips 9 and nano double-sided adhesive to form a three-chamber filter structure.

[0103] S13: A synchronous layered filling method is used to fill the three chambers with filter media, such as ceramsite, activated carbon, and quartz sand, until the predetermined height is reached to ensure the stability of the wire mesh 8 and the consistency of the filter media filling volume in each chamber. Filter media combination methods include single filter media filling and different filter media combinations.

[0104] S2: Turbid water preparation;

[0105] S21: Select red soil, prepare multiple sets of turbid water with different sand content, take an appropriate amount of turbid water sample with a syringe water sampler 19 and inject it into the test standard bottle 21, use a turbidity meter 20 to test the turbidity of the water sample, and establish the relationship between turbidity and sand content based on the test results.

[0106] S22: Set the target turbidity value to approximately 200 NTU. Based on the above formula relating turbidity and sediment content, convert the test-set turbidity into a set sediment content. Calculate the required weight of water and red soil according to the set sediment content. Close outlet 17 of the turbid water preparation tank 16. Add clay and water to the turbid water preparation tank 16 according to the mixing ratio. Adjust the height of the support arm of the lifting platform 15, placing the stirring paddle of the mixer 14 in the middle of the soil-water mixture in the tank. Start the mixer 14 and continue stirring for at least 10 minutes until the soil particles are uniformly suspended to form the test turbid water.

[0107] S3: Inlet and outlet control; S31: Sequentially open the valves of outlet 17 of the turbid water preparation tank 16 and inlet 4 at the top of the left side panel of the cross-shaped acrylic tank, and then start the peristaltic pump 13. Set the speed (e.g., 300 rpm) within the range (1750 mL / min) of the peristaltic pump 13 so that the prepared turbid water is injected into the "+" shaped acrylic tank at the set flow rate.

[0108] S32: Open the valve of the outlet 10 at the bottom right side of the cross-shaped plexiglass tank to discharge the filtered water through the drain hose 12 and collect it into the drain tank 18.

[0109] S4: Turbid water sampling and measurement and monitoring of turbidity reduction process;

[0110] S41: Based on the turbid water flow path, four water sampling points are set up inside the cross-shaped plexiglass tank: horizontally, the first is 100 mm from the left panel, the second is 50 mm from the left side of the filter tank, the third is 50 mm from the right side of the filter tank, and the fourth is 50 mm from the right panel; vertically, all sampling points are set at half the water depth. Multiple simultaneous samples are taken at the designated sampling points using a syringe water sampler 19. The collected water samples are injected into the test standard bottle 21, and the turbidity of the water sample is measured using a turbidity meter 20 and recorded. Simultaneously, the water levels on both sides of the filter tank are read and recorded at eye level using a transparent scale 6.

[0111] S42: Fix the camera 22 above the tripod 23, move the tripod 23 and adjust the position of the camera 22 so that the camera lens is directly above the cross-shaped plexiglass tank, and record the state of the turbid water inside the cross-shaped plexiglass tank throughout the experiment.

[0112] S5: Data Processing and Analysis;

[0113] S51: Turbidity Reduction Rate Calculation and Contribution Analysis

[0114] Based on the turbidity data of the water sample measured in step S41, the turbidity reduction rate at different water sample collection points is calculated. By comparing the turbidity reduction effects of natural sedimentation along the process and the filter media tank, the contribution ratio of the two to the total turbidity reduction is quantitatively analyzed.

[0115] S52: Drawing Water Level Difference Curves and Evaluating Permeability

[0116] Based on the water level data read in step S41, a curve showing the change of water level difference between the two sides of the filter tank over time is plotted. The permeability and flow resistance characteristics of the filter media are evaluated by the slope and fluctuation characteristics of the curve.

[0117] S53: Turbidity Critical Point Identification and Turbidity Degradation Life Cycle Determination

[0118] Based on the image data obtained in step S42, observe the trend of turbidity change in the water on the right side of the filter tank, identify the critical point of change from clear to turbid, and determine the turbidity reduction life cycle of the filter media in combination with the physicochemical properties of the filter media.

[0119] S54: Multi-condition comparison and optimization design

[0120] By comparing the turbidity reduction rate, water level difference on both sides, and turbidity reduction life cycle of the filter tank under different test conditions, the optimal combination of design parameters for turbidity reduction efficiency was determined through a multi-objective optimization algorithm, providing a scientific basis for the treatment of turbid water in rivers and lakes.

[0121] Components not described in detail in this embodiment are all existing components that can be purchased through public channels.

[0122] The above description of the embodiments is provided to enable those skilled in the art to understand and use the invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications can be made to these embodiments, and the general principles described herein can be applied to other embodiments without inventive effort. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the disclosure of the present invention without departing from the scope of the invention should be within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for simulating and optimizing water turbidity reduction processes based on multi-media filtration, characterized in that, include: The cross-shaped acrylic tank includes a first acrylic tank component (1), a second acrylic tank component (2), and a third acrylic tank component (3) bonded together from left to right, respectively simulating the inflow river, the reservoir, and the outflow river; two parallel permeable baffles (7) are inserted inside the second acrylic tank component (2), dividing the internal space from left to right into a left end water tank, a middle filter material tank, and a right end water tank, respectively simulating the water body in front of the dam, the filter dam, and the water body behind the dam in the reservoir; multiple steel wire mesh sheets (8) are vertically inserted in the middle filter material tank, dividing the internal space of the middle filter material tank into multiple filter chambers, used to simulate filter dams of different filter material types or combinations; The turbid water preparation assembly includes: a stirrer (14), a lifting platform (15), and a turbid water preparation tank (16); the stirrer (14) is installed on the lifting platform (15), and the turbid water preparation tank (16) is placed on the platform of the lifting platform (15); The turbid water inlet and outlet assembly includes: an inlet module and an outlet module; the inlet module is used to connect the turbid water preparation tank (16) to the inlet (4) opened at the top of the left side panel of the cross-shaped plexiglass tank, and the outlet module is connected to the outlet (10) opened at the bottom of the right side panel of the cross-shaped plexiglass tank. The turbidity monitoring component includes: a water sample collection module, a turbidity detection module, and a photographic recording module; On the inner walls of the front and rear panels of the second plexiglass tank component (2), two pairs of slots (5) are provided at three positions: left, middle and right, to realize the vertical insertion and fixation of the two permeable baffles (7); the intermediate filter media tank is formed by the two permeable baffles (7) and the front and rear panels of the second plexiglass tank component (2). By changing the position of the permeable baffles (7) in the slots (5), the layout of the intermediate filter media tank in the device can be adjusted. The steel wire mesh (8) is a stainless steel mesh with edging. The edging is fixed by multiple acrylic clips (9), and the clips (9) are bonded to the bottom panel and front and back panels of the second organic glass groove component (2) by nano double-sided adhesive.

2. The water turbidity reduction process simulation and optimization device based on multi-media filtration according to claim 1, characterized in that, The permeable partition (7) is a hollow organic glass plate, and its outer surface is covered with a fine mesh steel wire mesh, which is fixed to the hollow organic glass plate by a strip.

3. The water turbidity reduction process simulation and optimization device based on multi-media filtration according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water inlet module includes a peristaltic pump (13) and a water inlet hose (11). The two ends of the water inlet hose (11) are respectively connected to the outlet (17) of the turbid water preparation tank (16) and the water inlet (4) opened at the top of the left side panel of the cross-shaped organic glass tank. The peristaltic pump (13) is used to control the water flow rate in the water inlet hose (11). The drainage module includes a drainage hose (12) and a drainage tank (18). The two ends of the drainage hose (12) are respectively connected to the water outlet (10) opened at the bottom of the right side panel of the cross-shaped plexiglass tank and the drainage tank (18).

4. The water turbidity reduction process simulation and optimization device based on multi-media filtration according to claim 1, characterized in that, The agitator (14) is installed on the support arm of the lifting platform (15). The support arm has a vertical height adjustment function. After adjustment, it forms a detachable fixed connection with the support arm by rotating the nut. The turbid water preparation tank (16) is placed on the platform of the lifting platform (15). The bottom of the turbid water preparation tank (16) is provided with a water outlet with a valve (17).

5. The water turbidity reduction process simulation and optimization device based on multi-media filtration according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cross-sections of the first acrylic glass groove component (1), the second acrylic glass groove component (2), and the third acrylic glass groove component (3) are all concave.

6. The water turbidity reduction process simulation and optimization device based on multi-media filtration according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water sample collection module includes multiple wide-mouthed graduated syringe water samplers (19) for extracting water samples from the left and right sides of the multi-cavity filtration structure arranged in the cross-shaped plexiglass tank. The turbidity detection module includes a turbidity meter (20) and a standard test bottle (21). The standard test bottle (21) is used to hold the water sample collected by the syringe water sampler (19) and place it in the turbidity meter (20) for turbidity measurement. The photographic recording module includes multiple transparent scales (6) affixed to the front panel of the second plexiglass tank component (2), a camera (22) and a tripod (23), wherein the camera (22) is mounted directly above the cross-shaped plexiglass tank body for photographing and recording the turbidity reduction process.

7. A method for simulating and optimizing a water turbidity reduction process based on multi-media filtration using the apparatus described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Filter media tank layout and filter media filling; S2: Turbid water preparation; S3: Inlet and outlet control; S4: Turbid water sampling and measurement and monitoring of turbidity reduction process; S5: Data processing and analysis, which includes: turbidity reduction rate calculation and contribution analysis, water level difference curve plotting and permeability performance evaluation, turbidity critical point identification and turbidity reduction life cycle determination, and multi-condition comparison and optimization design.

8. The method for simulating and optimizing water turbidity reduction process based on multi-media filtration according to claim 7, characterized in that, The preparation of turbid water in step S2 includes: S21: Prepare multiple sets of turbid water with different sediment contents, measure the turbidity, and establish the relationship between turbidity and sediment content based on the results; S22: Based on the relationship between turbidity and sand content, the target turbidity set in the test is converted into the sand content. Water and clay are calculated and weighed accordingly, and added to the turbid water preparation bucket (16). The soil particles are uniformly suspended by stirring with a stirrer (14) to form the test turbid water.

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