Aluminum profile extrusion temperature control system and method

Abstract

The invention discloses an aluminum profile extrusion temperature control system and method, and belongs to the technical field of control engineering. The control system comprises an initial temperature sensor, a speed sensor, a pressure sensor, an outlet temperature measurement sensor and a controller. The controller calls thermodynamic physical property parameters corresponding to the current alloy grade, extrusion heat production is calculated based on the operation speed of the extruder and the pressure of a main cylinder, and the initial temperature of the to-be-machined aluminum bar is superposed to obtain a theoretical prediction temperature; performing cross validation fusion on the theoretical prediction temperature and the change trend of the actual temperature measurement reading so as to output the corrected actual outlet temperature; and finally, a control instruction is dynamically generated according to the corrected actual outlet temperature so as to adjust the running speed of the extruder or the cooling parameters of the cooling device. According to the method, cross validation of estimated data and test data is introduced, so that high precision of production control is realized, the surface defect rate of the profile is reduced, and the product yield of the aluminum profile is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of control engineering technology, specifically relating to a temperature control system and method for aluminum profile extrusion. Background Technology

[0002] In the aluminum extrusion process, the extrusion exit temperature directly affects the surface quality and mechanical properties of the aluminum profile. To ensure product quality, the extrusion exit temperature is usually controlled within a set process range.

[0003] During temperature control, the system relies on an infrared thermometer installed at the extruder die outlet to obtain the actual temperature. When the temperature exceeds the set value, the control system reduces the extruder's operating speed to decrease frictional heat generation; when the temperature falls below the set value, it increases the operating speed. However, this control method has the following problems in actual industrial production: Since it takes time for heat to be conducted from the extrusion cylinder and die to the surface of the extruded profile, by the time the thermometer at the outlet detects an excessive temperature, the aluminum material inside the die has often already overheated and been damaged. This lag can easily lead to defects such as surface tearing in the profile. Furthermore, the extrusion production site typically sprays cooling water and generates fumes from the volatilization of release agents. The infrared thermometer's detection is easily obstructed and interfered with by these water mists and fumes, causing drastic fluctuations or distortions in the measured temperature data. If the control system directly adjusts based on these distorted false data, it will lead to frequent malfunctions of the extruder.

[0004] Therefore, existing technologies cannot predict and accurately identify the temperature during the extrusion molding process, nor can they effectively coordinate the operating speed of the extruder with the cooling force of the cooling device, making it difficult to simultaneously guarantee the pass rate and production efficiency of extruded products. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above situation and to overcome the defects of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an aluminum profile extrusion temperature control system and method to at least partially solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows: The first aspect of this invention provides an aluminum profile extrusion temperature control system for controlling an extruder and a cooling device, characterized in that the control system comprises: An initial temperature sensor is used to detect the initial temperature of the aluminum rod to be processed. A speed sensor is used to detect the operating speed of the extruder; A pressure sensor is used to detect the pressure of the main cylinder of the extruder; An outlet temperature sensor is used to obtain the actual temperature reading at the extruder outlet; A controller, configured to receive or pre-store the alloy grade of the currently processed aluminum profile, is used to: call the thermodynamic property parameters corresponding to the alloy grade; determine the extrusion heat generation based on the operating speed and the master cylinder pressure, and superimpose the initial temperature to obtain the theoretical predicted temperature; cross-validate and fuse the trend of the theoretical predicted temperature with the actual temperature reading to output the corrected actual outlet temperature; and dynamically generate control commands based on the corrected actual outlet temperature to adjust the operating speed of the extruder or the cooling parameters of the cooling device.

[0007] In some embodiments of the present invention, when the controller performs cross-validation and fusion of the changing trends of the theoretically predicted temperature and the actual temperature readings, it is specifically configured to perform the following operations: When the rate of change of the actual temperature reading is detected to exceed a preset abnormal threshold, the weight of the actual temperature reading in the fusion calculation is reduced, and the weight of the theoretical predicted temperature is increased. When a step change in the master cylinder pressure is detected, the temperature compensation is based on the trend of the actual temperature reading.

[0008] In some embodiments of the present invention, when the controller dynamically generates control commands based on the corrected actual outlet temperature, it specifically employs a multi-level cooling control strategy, including: When the corrected actual outlet temperature is greater than the set target temperature but less than the first preset danger threshold, a first control command to reduce the operating speed is generated and sent to the extruder. When the corrected actual outlet temperature is greater than or equal to the first preset danger threshold, and the current operating speed of the extruder is detected to have dropped to the preset minimum operating speed threshold, a second control command to increase the cooling medium flow rate is generated and sent to the cooling device.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present invention, the thermodynamic physical properties include at least: specific heat capacity, deformation resistance coefficient, and thermal conductivity corresponding to the alloy grade.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present invention, the speed sensor is a displacement sensor or encoder disposed on the extrusion bar of the extruder; the pressure sensor is a pressure transmitter disposed on the hydraulic oil circuit of the extruder; and the outlet temperature sensor is an infrared temperature sensor.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present invention, the controller, when calculating the heat generated during extrusion, is specifically used for: The product of the main cylinder pressure and the cross-sectional area of ​​the main cylinder of the extruder is used as the extrusion thrust, and the integral of the extrusion thrust and the running speed over time is used as the extrusion work; and, according to the law of conservation of energy and a preset heat loss coefficient, the extrusion work is converted into the extrusion heat generation.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present invention, the control system further includes a physical memory communicatively connected to the controller, the physical memory storing an alloy property database, the database recording thermodynamic property parameters corresponding to different alloy grades; The controller is used to read the alloy property database and extract the corresponding thermodynamic property parameters based on the alloy grade of the currently processed aluminum profile as the basis for calculation.

[0013] A second aspect of this invention provides a method for controlling the extrusion temperature of aluminum profiles, applied to a control system. The control system controls an external extruder and a cooling device located at the outlet of the extruder. The method comprises: Receive or pre-store the alloy grade of the currently processed aluminum profile; The initial temperature of the aluminum bar to be processed, the operating speed of the extruder, the pressure of the main cylinder, and the actual temperature reading at the outlet of the extruder are detected. The thermodynamic properties corresponding to the alloy grade are called, and the extrusion heat generation is calculated based on the running speed and the main cylinder pressure. The initial temperature is then superimposed to obtain the theoretical predicted temperature. The theoretically predicted temperature and the actual temperature readings are cross-validated and fused to output the corrected actual outlet temperature. Based on the corrected actual outlet temperature, control commands are dynamically generated to adjust the operating speed of the extruder or the cooling parameters of the cooling device.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present invention, the step of cross-validating and fusing the changing trends of the theoretically predicted temperature and the actual temperature readings specifically includes: When the rate of change of the actual temperature reading is detected to exceed a preset abnormal threshold, the weight of the actual temperature reading in the fusion calculation is reduced, and the weight of the theoretical predicted temperature is increased. When a step change in the master cylinder pressure is detected, the temperature compensation is based on the trend of the actual temperature reading.

[0015] In some embodiments of the present invention, the step of dynamically generating control commands based on the corrected actual outlet temperature employs a multi-stage cooling control strategy, specifically including: When the corrected actual outlet temperature is greater than the set target temperature but less than the first preset danger threshold, a first control command to reduce the operating speed is generated and sent to the extruder. When the corrected actual outlet temperature is greater than or equal to the first preset danger threshold, and the current operating speed of the extruder is detected to have dropped to the preset minimum operating speed threshold, a second control command to increase the cooling medium flow rate is generated and sent to the cooling device.

[0016] The beneficial effects achieved by this invention are as follows: This invention effectively overcomes the problem of temperature measurement distortion in high-temperature aluminum profiles by introducing the operating speed of the extruder and the pressure of the main cylinder to calculate the theoretical heat generation, and by combining the thermodynamic parameters of the alloy grade with the temperature readings of the temperature sensor for cross-verification and fusion. Without increasing the cost of expensive hardware, it achieves high precision in production control, reduces the surface defect rate of the profiles, and improves the product yield of aluminum profiles. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall architecture of the aluminum profile extrusion temperature control system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is the main flowchart of the aluminum profile extrusion temperature control method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Reference Figure 1 The first aspect of this invention provides a temperature control system for aluminum profile extrusion. In the aluminum profile extrusion production process, the aluminum rod to be processed usually needs to be preheated before entering the extruder. The extruder drives the extrusion rod through the hydraulic thrust of the main cylinder to extrude the aluminum rod from the die hole. The shaped aluminum profile then enters the extrusion worktable and passes through a cooling device for cooling. Based on the above physical environment, the control system of this embodiment is used to control the external extruder and the cooling device disposed at the outlet of the extruder.

[0021] The control system of this embodiment includes at least: an initial temperature sensor, a speed sensor, a pressure sensor, an outlet temperature sensor, and a controller. The initial temperature sensor is located on the conveying path of the aluminum rod to be processed or at the outlet of the preheating furnace to detect the initial temperature of the aluminum rod before it enters the extrusion cylinder. The speed sensor is located on the moving parts of the extruder, such as the main extrusion rod or the crosshead guide rail, to detect the operating speed of the extruder in real time. The pressure sensor is located on the high-pressure oil inlet circuit of the extruder to detect the main cylinder pressure of the extruder in real time. The outlet temperature sensor is located at the die outlet of the extruder to obtain the actual temperature reading of the profile in dynamic extrusion state at the extruder outlet.

[0022] Preferably, the speed sensor is a displacement sensor or encoder disposed on the extrusion bar of the extruder; the pressure sensor is a pressure transmitter disposed on the hydraulic oil circuit of the extruder; and the outlet temperature sensor is an infrared temperature sensor.

[0023] The controller is electrically or communicatively connected to the aforementioned initial temperature sensor, speed sensor, pressure sensor, and outlet temperature sensor to receive detection signals. Simultaneously, the controller is connected to the extruder's drive system (such as a frequency converter) and cooling device (such as a water pump, valve, or cooling fan) to send control commands. The controller of this invention can be implemented by various processors with data processing and logic operation functions, including but not limited to programmable logic controllers (PLCs), industrial control computers (IPCs), or microcontroller units (MCUs).

[0024] Traditional control systems typically rely solely on a single temperature reading at the outlet for delayed feedback, making them susceptible to distortion due to interference from volatile release agent fumes or cooling water mist. Therefore, the controller of this invention is configured to receive or pre-store the alloy grade of the currently processed aluminum profile. Based on this alloy grade, the controller retrieves the corresponding thermodynamic properties, such as those stored in an alloy property database for easy access. Preferably, the thermodynamic properties include at least the specific heat capacity, deformation resistance coefficient, and thermal conductivity of the corresponding alloy grade.

[0025] The controller uses the physical field data obtained by the aforementioned sensors to perform mechanism prediction calculations: based on the running speed and the main cylinder pressure, combined with the thermodynamic physical property parameters called in, the controller calculates the extrusion heat generated by the extruder doing work on the metal during the extrusion process, and superimposes this dynamic extrusion heat with the initial temperature to obtain the theoretical predicted temperature under the current state.

[0026] Based on this, in order to obtain accurate data that truly reflects the thermodynamic state of the aluminum profile, the controller cross-validates and fuses the changing trends of the theoretically predicted temperature with the actual temperature readings. Through the assimilation and fusion calculation of the two, the control system can effectively suppress abrupt changes in physical measurements or noise drift from a single sensor, thereby outputting the corrected actual outlet temperature.

[0027] Based on the corrected actual outlet temperature, the controller dynamically generates control commands and sends the corresponding commands to the actuator to adjust the operating speed of the extruder or the cooling parameters of the cooling device. Therefore, when the corrected actual outlet temperature deviates from the set target, the system can dynamically decide, through hardware and software coordination, whether to adjust the extrusion speed or change the flow rate of the cooling medium (such as water or air), achieving precise and stable control of the aluminum profile extrusion temperature. This results in high-precision production control, reduces the surface defect rate of the profiles, and improves the product yield.

[0028] In some embodiments, to obtain accurate data that truly reflects the thermodynamic state of the aluminum profile, the controller incorporates a dynamic weight allocation logic when cross-validating and fusing the trends of the theoretically predicted temperature with the actual temperature readings. Specifically, the controller follows a first-order dynamic fusion equation: T out (t)=α(t)×T ir (t)+[1-α(t)]×T th (t) Outputs the final temperature, where T out (t) represents the corrected actual outlet temperature, T ir (t) represents the actual temperature reading obtained by the outlet temperature sensor, T th (t) represents the calculated theoretical predicted temperature, and α(t) represents the weighted reliability coefficient dynamically adjusted by the controller based on real-time physical conditions.

[0029] When the rate of change of the actual temperature reading exceeds a preset abnormal threshold, the weight of the actual temperature reading in the fusion calculation is reduced, and the weight of the theoretically predicted temperature is increased. Because aluminum alloy has extremely high thermal inertia within the forming volume, its actual physical temperature does not change drastically instantaneously. Therefore, the controller calculates the first-order difference (i.e., rate of change) of the actual temperature reading at high frequency using an internal high-speed periodic interruption block. When this rate of change exceeds a preset abnormal threshold (e.g., the actual temperature reading shows a surge or drop greater than 15°C / s), the system determines that the optical lens of the outlet temperature sensor is physically obstructed and refracted by release agent smoke or cooling water mist. At this time, the controller reduces the weight α(t) in the above fusion equation from the steady-state baseline value of 0.8 to 0.2, and correspondingly increases the weight of the theoretically predicted temperature to 0.8. Thus, by heavily relying on the theoretically derived temperature, which is unaffected by physical obstruction, the control system effectively prevents batch overheating and scrapping of profiles caused by mistakenly issuing speed-up commands due to receiving false low-temperature signals.

[0030] When the controller detects a step change in the main cylinder pressure, it prioritizes the trend of the actual temperature reading for temperature compensation. When the aluminum rod breaks through the die forming zone or experiences poor lubrication, the extruder's hydraulic system undergoes transient unloading, causing a sharp drop in the main cylinder pressure. If the system still heavily relies on the theoretically predicted temperature derived from pressure, the calculated results will follow the main cylinder pressure with drastic changes. However, metal temperature changes exhibit physical hysteresis. Therefore, when the controller detects a pressure change rate exceeding a preset condition (e.g., a step change in main cylinder pressure reaching -2.0 MPa / s), the system determines that the pure mathematical model can no longer keep up with the sudden change and instantly increases the weighted reliability coefficient α(t) of the actual temperature reading to 0.95. Thus, by prioritizing the use of actual physical measurements with a gradual inertial trend, a smooth transition of the extruder speed control command is ensured.

[0031] As an equivalent alternative, the controller can also determine whether the actual temperature reading or main cylinder pressure has changed abruptly by calculating the signal variance within the sliding time window or by using fast Fourier transform to extract the energy proportion of high-frequency noise in the frequency domain. Meanwhile, in addition to the linear weighting mechanism, the dynamic weight fusion can also use a probability model based on Bayesian inference or a long short-term memory artificial neural network for nonlinear assimilation. All of the above reasonable extensions do not deviate from the core control logic of this invention.

[0032] In some embodiments, when the controller dynamically generates control commands based on the corrected actual outlet temperature, it employs a multi-level cooling control strategy to coordinate the hardware actions of the extruder inverter and the external cooling device.

[0033] Specifically, when the corrected actual outlet temperature is greater than the set target temperature (e.g., the optimal solution temperature of 520°C) and less than the first preset danger threshold (e.g., the surface thermal tear critical point of 540°C), the controller preferentially generates a first control command to reduce the operating speed. In this stage, the controller sends the speed command to the frequency converter of the extruder's main oil pump, which reduces the displacement of the main oil cylinder to smoothly decrease the extrusion speed and suppress frictional heat generation.

[0034] When the corrected actual outlet temperature is greater than or equal to the first preset danger threshold, and the controller detects that the current operating speed of the extruder has dropped to a preset minimum operating speed threshold (e.g., 1.0 mm / s, to prevent excessive heat dissipation of metal inside the extrusion cylinder from causing a stall), the controller forcibly locks the speed at the minimum operating speed threshold. Simultaneously, the controller activates the slave cooling module, generating a second control command to increase the cooling medium flow rate and sending it to the cooling device. For example, this can be achieved by outputting an analog signal to open the electric proportional valve on the online quenching water tank or to increase the fan frequency. This realizes the switching of control from speed regulation to cooling regulation.

[0035] In some embodiments, for the controller to calculate the specific process of extrusion heat generation, this embodiment constructs a thermodynamic energy conservation prediction model to convert the mechanical behavior of the hydraulic system into an accurate temperature response.

[0036] Specifically, when calculating the extrusion thrust and extrusion work, the main cylinder pressure P(t) of the extruder acts uniformly on the cross-sectional area Sc of the main cylinder. The controller uses the product of the two as the instantaneous extrusion thrust applied to the extrusion rod, i.e.: F(t) = P(t) × Sc. Within the controller's extremely short sampling period dt, the extrusion rod advances forward at a running speed v(t). The controller uses the integral of the extrusion thrust and the running speed over time as the infinitesimal mechanical work dW done by the hydraulic system on the aluminum rod as a whole through the extrusion rod, i.e.: dW = F(t) × v(t) dt = P(t) × Sc × v(t) dt.

[0037] Furthermore, according to the law of conservation of energy, the aforementioned mechanical work is converted into internal heat energy after overcoming the sliding resistance of the metal lattice and the friction of the die. The controller introduces a preset comprehensive heat loss coefficient η (used to compensate for conduction and radiation heat dissipation through the die and extrusion cylinder wall), for example, η can be 0.85, to convert the extrusion work into the extrusion heat generated by actually injecting aluminum rods to raise their temperature, i.e., the net heat element dQ, whose formula is: dQ=η×dW=η×P(t)×Sc×v(t)dt.

[0038] Based on this, to obtain the final theoretical predicted temperature, the controller combines the equivalent metal mass element dm = ρ × Sb × v(t)dt (where ρ is the alloy density and Sb is the cross-sectional area of ​​the aluminum rod to be processed) squeezed into the plastic deformation zone to participate in heat exchange, and the specific heat capacity Cp of the corresponding alloy grade retrieved from the database, to calculate the instantaneous temperature rise rate: dT = dQ / (dm × Cp). After algebraically simplifying and eliminating the displacement differential term, the controller obtains a simplified instantaneous temperature rise amplitude: ΔT = [η × P(t) × Sc] / [ρ × Sb × Cp]. Finally, the controller superimposes this dynamic temperature rise amplitude onto the initial temperature T0 and outputs the theoretical predicted temperature in real time: T th (t)=T0+[η×P(t)×Sc] / [ρ×Sb×Cp]. Through the above derivation of the physical mechanism residing inside the controller, even when the external infrared thermometer is completely interfered with by harsh working conditions, the system can still accurately predict the evolution trend of the profile outlet temperature.

[0039] In some embodiments, to support the real-time solution of the aforementioned thermodynamic mechanism equations, the control system further includes a physical memory electrically or communicatively connected to the controller. This physical memory can be physically integrated into the power-off retained memory of the programmable logic controller (PLC), or it can be an external industrial-grade solid-state drive or fieldbus storage node. The physical memory is configured with and stores an alloy property database, which structurally records the thermodynamic property parameters corresponding to different alloy grades in the form of data blocks or relational tables.

[0040] During actual production, operators can input production orders through a human-machine interface or directly receive them from the upper-level Manufacturing Execution System (MES), thereby receiving or pre-storing the alloy grade of the aluminum profile being processed. The controller is configured to read the alloy property database and, based on the alloy grade, precisely locate and extract the corresponding thermodynamic property parameters as the basis for calculations. For example, when the received aluminum material to be processed is 6063 aluminum alloy, the controller will automatically extract the constant-pressure specific heat capacity Cp (e.g., preset to 900 J / (kg·°C)) and material density ρ (e.g., preset to 2700 kg / m³) of this specific alloy from the database. 3 Physical quantities such as extrusion heat generation can be used to support the aforementioned extrusion heat generation calculation network.

[0041] Reference Figure 2 The second aspect of this invention proposes a method for controlling the extrusion temperature of aluminum profiles, which is applied to the control system described in the foregoing embodiments. Specifically, within each industrial field scanning cycle of the controller, the system cyclically executes the following core steps in sequence: Step S101: The system receives or pre-stores the alloy grade of the currently processed aluminum profile; Step S102: Detect the initial temperature of the aluminum rod to be processed, the operating speed of the extruder, the main cylinder pressure, and the actual temperature reading at the extruder outlet via low-level input / output hardware interrupts. To ensure data quality, all raw data is filtered by a data purification pool based on moving average filtering to remove spikes before entering the main processing block.

[0042] Step S103: The system automatically calls the thermodynamic property parameters corresponding to the alloy grade, calculates the dynamic extrusion heat generation based on the running speed and the main cylinder pressure using the aforementioned energy conservation derivation model, and superimposes it onto the initial temperature to obtain the theoretical predicted temperature.

[0043] Step S104: The system cross-validates and fuses the theoretically predicted temperature with the actual temperature readings to output an anti-interference corrected actual outlet temperature. In the specific steps of the cross-validation and fusion, when the rate of change of the actual temperature reading exceeds a preset abnormal threshold, the system determines that physical obstruction has occurred, actively reduces the weight of the actual temperature reading in the fusion calculation, and increases the weight of the theoretically predicted temperature; conversely, when a step-like change in the main cylinder pressure is detected, the system determines that a sudden change in the friction mechanism has occurred, and in this case, prioritizes the adoption of the actual temperature reading's trend, which possesses a smooth physical inertia, for temperature compensation.

[0044] Step S105: The system establishes the corrected actual outlet temperature of the above output as the absolute core feedback value of the control closed loop, and dynamically generates control commands based on the feedback value to adjust the running speed of the extruder or the cooling parameters of the cooling device.

[0045] In the specific steps of generating control commands, this method employs a multi-stage cooling control strategy: when the corrected actual outlet temperature is greater than the set target temperature but less than the first preset danger threshold, the system generates a first control command to reduce the operating speed and sends it to the extruder, executing the first-stage speed reduction suppression; when the corrected actual outlet temperature is greater than or equal to the first preset danger threshold, and the current operating speed of the extruder is detected to have dropped to a preset minimum operating speed threshold, the system forcibly locks the speed and generates a second control command to increase the cooling medium flow rate, sending it to the cooling device to implement the second-stage emergency cooling intervention. Through this method, precise control of the extrusion temperature can be achieved, reducing the surface defect rate of the profile and improving the product yield of the aluminum profile.

[0046] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0047] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A temperature control system for aluminum profile extrusion, used to control the extruder and cooling device, characterized in that, The control system includes: An initial temperature sensor is used to detect the initial temperature of the aluminum rod to be processed. A speed sensor is used to detect the operating speed of the extruder; A pressure sensor is used to detect the pressure of the main cylinder of the extruder; An outlet temperature sensor is used to obtain the actual temperature reading at the outlet of the extruder; A controller, configured to receive or pre-store the alloy grade of the currently processed aluminum profile, is used to: call the thermodynamic property parameters corresponding to the alloy grade; determine the extrusion heat generation based on the operating speed and the master cylinder pressure, and superimpose the initial temperature to obtain the theoretical predicted temperature; cross-validate and fuse the trend of the theoretical predicted temperature with the actual temperature reading to output the corrected actual outlet temperature; and dynamically generate control commands based on the corrected actual outlet temperature to adjust the operating speed of the extruder or the cooling parameters of the cooling device.

2. The control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the controller performs cross-validation and fusion of the changing trends of the theoretically predicted temperature and the actual temperature readings, it is specifically used to perform the following operations: When the rate of change of the actual temperature reading is detected to exceed a preset abnormal threshold, the weight of the actual temperature reading in the fusion calculation is reduced, and the weight of the theoretical predicted temperature is increased. When a step change in the master cylinder pressure is detected, the temperature compensation is based on the trend of the actual temperature reading.

3. The control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the controller dynamically generates control commands based on the corrected actual outlet temperature, it specifically employs a multi-level cooling control strategy, including: When the corrected actual outlet temperature is greater than the set target temperature but less than the first preset danger threshold, a first control command to reduce the operating speed is generated and sent to the extruder. When the corrected actual outlet temperature is greater than or equal to the first preset danger threshold, and the current operating speed of the extruder is detected to have dropped to the preset minimum operating speed threshold, a second control command to increase the cooling medium flow rate is generated and sent to the cooling device.

4. The control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thermodynamic physical properties include at least the specific heat capacity, deformation resistance coefficient, and thermal conductivity of the corresponding alloy grade.

5. The control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The speed sensor is a displacement sensor or encoder configured on the extrusion bar of the extruder; the pressure sensor is a pressure transmitter configured on the hydraulic oil circuit of the extruder; and the outlet temperature sensor is an infrared temperature sensor.

6. The control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, When calculating the heat generated during extrusion, the controller is specifically used for: The product of the main cylinder pressure and the cross-sectional area of ​​the main cylinder of the extruder is taken as the extrusion thrust, and the integral of the extrusion thrust and the running speed over time is taken as the extrusion work. Furthermore, based on the law of conservation of energy and a preset heat loss coefficient, the extrusion work is converted into the extrusion heat generation.

7. The control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control system also includes a physical memory that is communicatively connected to the controller. The physical memory stores an alloy property database, which records thermodynamic property parameters corresponding to different alloy grades. The controller is used to read the alloy property database and extract the corresponding thermodynamic property parameters based on the alloy grade of the currently processed aluminum profile as the basis for calculation.

8. A method for controlling the extrusion temperature of aluminum profiles, applied to a control system, wherein the control system controls an external extruder and a cooling device disposed at the outlet of the extruder, characterized in that... The method includes: Receive or pre-store the alloy grade of the currently processed aluminum profile; The initial temperature of the aluminum bar to be processed, the operating speed of the extruder, the pressure of the main cylinder, and the actual temperature reading at the outlet of the extruder are detected. The thermodynamic properties corresponding to the alloy grade are called, and the extrusion heat generation is calculated based on the running speed and the main cylinder pressure. The initial temperature is then superimposed to obtain the theoretical predicted temperature. The theoretically predicted temperature and the actual temperature readings are cross-validated and fused to output the corrected actual outlet temperature. Based on the corrected actual outlet temperature, control commands are dynamically generated to adjust the operating speed of the extruder or the cooling parameters of the cooling device.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The step of cross-validating and fusing the changing trends of the theoretically predicted temperature and the actual temperature readings specifically includes: When the rate of change of the actual temperature reading is detected to exceed a preset abnormal threshold, the weight of the actual temperature reading in the fusion calculation is reduced, and the weight of the theoretical predicted temperature is increased. When a step change in the master cylinder pressure is detected, the temperature compensation is based on the trend of the actual temperature reading.

10. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The step of dynamically generating control commands based on the corrected actual outlet temperature employs a multi-stage cooling control strategy, specifically including: When the corrected actual outlet temperature is greater than the set target temperature but less than the first preset danger threshold, a first control command to reduce the operating speed is generated and sent to the extruder. When the corrected actual outlet temperature is greater than or equal to the first preset danger threshold, and the current operating speed of the extruder is detected to have dropped to the preset minimum operating speed threshold, a second control command to increase the cooling medium flow rate is generated and sent to the cooling device.

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