Elliptical soil bin device for testing tillage resistance of subsoiler

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and provides an elliptical soil tank device for testing the tillage resistance of a subsoiler, the elliptical soil tank device comprises a tank body, a portal frame group, a measuring part, a leveler, two driving groups and a terminal, the tank body comprises an inner side track and an outer side track, soil is laid in the tank body, the portal frame group comprises a testing portal frame and a leveling portal frame, the measuring part is fixed on a cross beam of the testing portal frame, the leveler is fixed on the leveling portal frame, the two driving groups are respectively fixed at the lower ends of two stand columns of the testing portal frame and two stand columns of the leveling portal frame, and the driving groups are matched with the inner side track and the outer side track so as to drive the testing portal frame and the leveling portal frame to displace. The terminal is in communication connection with the measuring part and the driving part and is used for receiving a measuring result of the measuring part and controlling the driving part to work. The soil surface flatness and the initial compactness in multiple tests can be ensured to be consistent, so that the tests can be repeated and reproduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery technology and provides an elliptical soil trough device for testing the resistance of deep tillage. Background Technology

[0002] The subsoiler is a key tillage component for improving soil structure and breaking up the plow pan. The shape of its tip affects the tillage resistance in the direction of operation, traction energy consumption, and tillage efficiency. Therefore, precise research on the tillage resistance of different tip shapes is of great significance for energy conservation, consumption reduction, optimized design, and performance improvement of agricultural machinery.

[0003] Currently, research in this field mainly relies on the following two approaches: Field trials: Field trials refer to a method of scientific research conducted directly on crops, soil, and agronomic practices in a real farmland environment. It is the final stage of testing and evaluating laboratory or theoretical results under natural conditions. However, it is greatly affected by the natural environment (such as soil type, humidity, density heterogeneity, and weather), and the experimental conditions are uncontrollable, leading to large fluctuations in experimental data. It also fails to effectively isolate the influence of the single variable of "shape" on resistance, and has a long experimental cycle and high cost.

[0004] Indoor soil trough test apparatus: An indoor soil trough test apparatus is an experimental method that uses artificially filled soil troughs (soil troughs) in a controlled indoor environment to simulate farmland soil conditions for research on agricultural machinery, tillage tools, or soil dynamics. Existing indoor soil trough test apparatuses, including straight soil troughs, annular soil troughs, and elliptical soil troughs, all have difficulty ensuring that the soil surface flatness and initial compaction are consistent across multiple tests, resulting in poor repeatability and reproducibility. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides an elliptical soil trough device for testing the resistance of deep tillage, which ensures that the soil surface flatness and initial compaction remain consistent in multiple tests, enabling the tests to be repeated and reproduced.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention includes: The annular trough has an inner track on the outer side of the inner plate and an outer track on the outer side of the outer plate, and the trough is lined with soil.

[0007] The gantry assembly includes a test gantry and a leveling gantry, with the crossbeams of the test gantry and the leveling gantry hinged together by connecting rods.

[0008] The measuring component is fixed to the crossbeam of the test gantry and is used to mount the subsoil shovel and measure its resistance.

[0009] A leveling device, fixed on a leveling gantry, is used to level the soil.

[0010] Two drive groups, each consisting of two drive components, are fixed to the lower ends of the two columns of the test gantry and the two columns of the leveling gantry, respectively. The drive groups cooperate with the inner and outer rails to drive the test gantry and the leveling gantry to move.

[0011] The terminal is connected to both the measuring component and the driving component. The terminal is used to receive the measurement results from the measuring component and control the operation of the driving component.

[0012] Furthermore, both the inner and outer tracks include annular support tracks and racks fixed to the outer walls of the support tracks; the driving components include a first motor and a gear. The first motor is fixed inside the columns of the test gantry and the leveling gantry, and its output shaft extends out of the columns. The gear is fixed on the output shaft of the first motor and meshes with the rack. The first motor rotates through the gear, thereby driving the test gantry and the leveling gantry to move; the first motor is communicatively connected to the terminal.

[0013] Furthermore, the inner wall of the support rail is provided with annular limiting protrusions. The lower end of the column of the test gantry and the flat gantry is rotatably connected to a sliding wheel through a support rod. The sliding wheel has a groove in the middle. The limiting protrusion and the groove are fitted with a gap, and the sliding wheel abuts against the side wall of the support rail.

[0014] Furthermore, the drive unit also includes a planetary reducer, which is located between the first motor and the gear; the planetary reducer is communicatively connected to the terminal.

[0015] Furthermore, it includes positioning components, which include: Two annular magnetic encoder strips are fixed to the upper ends of two support rails respectively.

[0016] Four encoder reading modules are fixed to the lower ends of the two columns of the test gantry and the two columns of the leveling gantry, respectively.

[0017] The encoder reading module is used to read the information of the corresponding magnetic encoder strip, thereby obtaining the positions of the two columns of the test gantry and the two columns of the leveling gantry.

[0018] The encoder reading module is connected to the terminal for communication.

[0019] Furthermore, it also includes a first lifting component and a second lifting component, which are respectively fixed on the test gantry and the leveling gantry. The first lifting component is fixedly connected to the measuring component and is used to drive the measuring component to rise and fall. The second lifting component is fixedly connected to the leveler and is used to drive the leveler to rise and fall. Both the first lifting component and the second lifting component are connected to the terminal for communication.

[0020] Furthermore, both the first lifting component and the second lifting component include: The support frame has grooves on its two opposing inner sidewalls along the height direction.

[0021] The lead screw assembly has its nut located on both sides within the groove, the lead screw is arranged along the height direction, and the upper end of the lead screw extends out of the support frame. The leveler or measuring component is fixedly connected to the nut.

[0022] The second motor is fixed to the upper end of the support frame, and the output shaft of the second motor is fixedly connected to the screw.

[0023] The second motor is connected to the terminal for communication.

[0024] Furthermore, the measuring components include: The base is fixedly connected to the first lifting component, and a hook is provided on the top of the base.

[0025] The bracket is fixed to the base and is used to install the subsoil shovel. The middle section of the subsoil shovel is rotatably connected to the bracket.

[0026] The tension sensor is connected to the hook at one end and to the upper end of the subsoil shovel at the other end. The tension sensor is also connected to the terminal for communication.

[0027] Furthermore, the stent includes: Two support frames are located on both sides of the base, and bearing seats are provided on the support frames.

[0028] The rotating rod has bearings at both ends, which are snapped into bearing seats. The deep loosening shovel is fixedly connected to the rotating rod.

[0029] Furthermore, the leveling tool is a rake.

[0030] The technical solution provided by this invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art: The inner track on the outer side of the inner plate of the annular trough and the outer track on the outer side of the outer plate form a double-track support structure. The soil laid in the trough simulates the real farmland cultivation environment. In the gantry assembly, the test gantry and the leveling gantry are hinged together by connecting rods between crossbeams to ensure that they maintain a stable relative position during displacement, forming a linked moving carrier. The measuring component is fixed to the crossbeam of the test gantry, and the deep loosening shovel is installed on it, capturing resistance signals in real time during cultivation; the leveling device is fixed to the leveling gantry and moves synchronously with the gantry to level the soil. Each of the two drive groups contains two drive components, which are fixed to the lower end of the columns of the two gantry. Power is transmitted through the matching transmission with the inner and outer tracks, driving the gantry to move stably along the tracks. The terminal sends start / stop and speed adjustment commands to the drive components on the one hand, and receives resistance data transmitted by the measuring components in real time on the other hand, realizing automated control and data acquisition of the test process, and coordinating all components to complete the test efficiently. Compared with existing technologies, the present invention can ensure that the flatness of the soil surface is consistent with the initial compaction in multiple tests by using a leveler, so that the test can be repeated and reproduced.

[0031] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will become apparent in part from the following description, and in part from those skilled in the art through study and practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0032] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the elliptical soil trough device of the present invention. Figure 1 .

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the elliptical soil trough device of the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0035] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0036] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the elliptical soil trough device of the present invention. Figure 3 .

[0037] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of section B in the middle.

[0038] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the gantry frame assembly structure of the present invention. Figure 1 .

[0039] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the gantry frame assembly structure of the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0040] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Enlarged view of point C.

[0041] Figure label: 1. Tank; 2. Inner side plate; 3. Inner side rail; 4. Outer side plate; 5. Outer side rail; 6. Test gantry; 7. Leveling gantry; 8. Leveler; 9. Drive component; 10. Support rail; 11. Rack; 12. First motor; 13. Gear; 14. Limiting protrusion; 15. Sliding wheel; 16. Groove; 17. Planetary reducer; 18. First lifting component; 19. Second lifting component; 20. Support frame; 21. Lead screw assembly; 22. Second motor; 23. Base; 24. Hook; 25. Tension sensor; 26. Support frame; 27. Bearing seat; 28. Rotating rod; 29. ​​Deep loosening shovel; 30. Connecting rod. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The following detailed description of a specific embodiment of the present invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, it should be understood that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiment.

[0043] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the technical solution of this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0044] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0045] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the present invention provides an elliptical soil trough device for testing the resistance of deep tillage, comprising: The annular trough 1 has an inner rail 3 on the outside of the inner side plate 2 and an outer rail 5 on the outside of the outer side plate 4. Soil is laid inside the trough 1.

[0046] The gantry assembly includes a test gantry 6 and a leveling gantry 7, with the crossbeams of the test gantry 6 and the leveling gantry 7 hinged together by a connecting rod 30.

[0047] The measuring component is fixed on the crossbeam of the test gantry 6. The measuring component is used to install the subsoil shovel 29 and to measure the resistance of the subsoil shovel 29.

[0048] Leveler 8 is fixed on leveling gantry 7 and is used to level the soil.

[0049] Two drive groups, each including two drive components 9, are fixed to the lower ends of the two columns of the test gantry 6 and the two columns of the leveling gantry 7, respectively. The drive groups cooperate with the inner rail 3 and the outer rail 5 to drive the test gantry 6 and the leveling gantry 7 to move.

[0050] The terminal is communicatively connected to both the measuring component and the driving component 9. The terminal is used to receive the measurement results from the measuring component and control the operation of the driving component 9.

[0051] The inner rail 3 on the outer side of the inner plate 2 of the annular trough 1 and the outer rail 5 on the outer side of the outer plate 4 form a double-rail support structure. The soil laid inside the trough 1 simulates the real farmland cultivation environment. In the gantry assembly, the test gantry 6 and the leveling gantry 7 are hinged together by the connecting rod 30 between the crossbeams to form a stable linkage, ensuring that their relative positions remain unchanged during displacement. The measuring component is fixed to the crossbeam of the test gantry 6 and is used to install the deep loosening shovel 29 and capture the tillage resistance; the leveler 8 is fixed to the leveling gantry 7 and moves synchronously with the gantry to level the soil. Each of the two drive groups contains two drive components 9, which are respectively fixed to the lower end of the columns of the two gantry and provide power through the adaptive transmission with the inner and outer rails 5 to drive the gantry to move along the rails. The terminal acts as the control center, sending start / stop and speed adjustment commands to the drive components 9 on the one hand, and receiving the resistance data of the measuring components in real time on the other hand, coordinating the synchronous work of each component to achieve full automation of the experiment. It effectively solves the problems of uncontrollable environment and large data fluctuation in field test methods, as well as the poor repeatability of traditional indoor soil trough devices. The annular trough 1 and the dual-track design support continuous cyclic operation of the gantry without frequent resetting, shortening the test cycle and reducing costs; the test and leveling gantry 7 are hinged and linked, and the leveler 8 can adjust the soil in real time to ensure that the soil flatness and initial compaction are consistent in multiple tests, successfully isolating the single variable of "shovel tip shape".

[0052] In the embodiments provided by the present invention, both the inner track 3 and the outer track 5 include annular support track 10 and rack 11 fixed on the outer wall of the support track 10; the driving component 9 includes a first motor 12 and a gear 13. The first motor 12 is fixed inside the column of the test gantry 6 and the flattening gantry 7, and its output shaft extends out of the column. The gear 13 is fixed on the output shaft of the first motor 12 and meshes with the rack 11. The first motor 12 rotates through the gear 13, thereby driving the test gantry 6 and the flattening gantry 7 to move; the first motor 12 is communicatively connected to the terminal.

[0053] The first motor 12 of the drive unit 9 is fixed inside the columns of the two gantry frames, ensuring installation stability and avoiding external interference. Its output shaft passes through the columns and is fixedly connected to the gear 13, forming a "motor-gear 13" power transmission link. During the test, the terminal sends a control command to the first motor 12. After the motor starts, it drives the gear 13 to rotate. The gear 13 meshes with the rack 11 on the outside of the track, converting the rotational motion into linear displacement of the gantry frame along the track, which in turn drives the measuring components and the leveler 8 to move synchronously. The terminal adjusts the motor status in real time to ensure that the gantry frame running speed is consistent with the set value. The built-in installation of the first motor 12 improves stability and safety and reduces interference from external factors. Its communication connection with the terminal allows for precise control of the gantry frame running speed, which can adapt to different test speed requirements. The speed consistency is high in multiple tests, reducing the impact of speed fluctuations on resistance measurement. The stable and precise drive method ensures consistent tillage of the deep tillage shovel 29, improves the repeatability and accuracy of test data, provides reliable motion conditions for comparing the resistance of different shovel tips, and at the same time, the wear of the gear 13 and rack 11 transmission is small, reducing the maintenance cost of the device.

[0054] In the embodiment provided by the present invention, an annular limiting protrusion 14 is provided on the inner side wall of the support rail 10. The lower end of the column of the test gantry 6 and the flat gantry 7 is rotatably connected to the sliding wheel 15 through the support rod. The sliding wheel 15 is provided with a groove 16 in the middle. The limiting protrusion 14 and the groove 16 are fitted with a clearance, and the sliding wheel 15 abuts against the side wall of the support rail 10.

[0055] When the drive component 9 moves the gantry, the sliding wheel 15 rotates with the gantry, converting sliding friction into rolling friction. Simultaneously, the limiting protrusion 14 engages with the groove 16 of the sliding wheel 15, precisely constraining the gantry's trajectory and preventing lateral deviation or swaying during operation. This ensures the gantry moves stably along the preset track path, providing structural support for the measuring components to accurately capture resistance signals. The clearance fit between the limiting protrusion 14 and the groove 16 provides precise guidance, effectively limiting lateral displacement and ensuring the deep loosening shovel 29 always operates along the preset path, avoiding uneven soil penetration due to path deviation and thus reducing resistance measurement errors. The contact design between the sliding wheel 15 and the track sidewall significantly reduces displacement friction resistance, reducing energy consumption of the drive component 9 and making the gantry movement smoother and more stable, avoiding speed fluctuations caused by sudden changes in friction resistance. Rolling friction also reduces component wear and extends device lifespan. The rotating connection of the sliding wheel 15 ensures flexible rotation, further improving the gantry's operational stability.

[0056] In the embodiments provided by the present invention, the driving component 9 further includes a planetary reducer 17, which is located between the first motor 12 and the gear 13; the planetary reducer 17 is communicatively connected to the terminal.

[0057] During the test, the terminal sends a coordinated command to the first motor 12 and the planetary reducer 17 according to the set speed. The power output by the motor is reduced and amplified by the reducer before being transmitted to the gear 13. The gear 13 meshes with the track rack 11, converting the stable power into the displacement power of the gantry. The planetary reducer 17 can respond to the terminal signal in real time and flexibly adjust the reduction ratio to ensure that the rotational speed of the gear 13 is precisely matched with the gantry running speed set by the terminal, ensuring smooth and controllable power transmission.

[0058] The planetary reducer 17 features a wide reduction ratio range, high transmission efficiency, and smooth operation. It effectively reduces motor speed and increases torque, making the power output more suitable for the smooth operation of the gantry and avoiding start-up jerks or speed fluctuations. Its communication connection with the terminal allows the terminal to dynamically adjust the reduction ratio according to the test phase, ensuring stable speed of the gantry throughout the entire process and further improving speed consistency.

[0059] In the embodiments provided by the present invention, a positioning component is included, the positioning component comprising: Two annular magnetic encoder strips are fixed to the upper ends of two support rails 10, respectively.

[0060] Four encoder reading modules are fixed to the lower ends of the two columns of the test gantry 6 and the two columns of the leveling gantry 7, respectively.

[0061] The encoder reading module is used to read the information of the corresponding magnetic encoder strip, thereby obtaining the positions of the two columns of the test gantry 6 and the two columns of the leveling gantry 7.

[0062] During the test, the gantry crane moves along the track, causing the reading modules to move synchronously. The reading modules continuously read the position encoding information of the corresponding magnetic encoder strips, analyze it to obtain the real-time position coordinates of the column, and transmit it to the terminal. The terminal summarizes the position data from the four modules to accurately determine the overall position, trajectory, and speed of the gantry crane. Simultaneously, based on the deviation between the actual position and the preset trajectory, it dynamically adjusts the working states of the first motor 12 and the planetary reducer 17 to ensure the gantry crane runs precisely along the preset track. The magnetic encoder strips offer high positioning accuracy and strong anti-interference capabilities, and full track coverage ensures accurate identification at any position. The four reading modules monitor the gantry crane position comprehensively, avoiding judgment errors caused by single-module detection. The reading modules transmit position data to the terminal in real time, enabling the terminal to dynamically monitor the operating status, promptly correct trajectory deviations, and ensure that the gantry crane's running trajectory is completely consistent across multiple tests, providing identical motion conditions for comparisons of different shovel tips.

[0063] The encoder reading module is connected to the terminal for communication.

[0064] In the embodiments provided by the present invention, a first lifting component 18 and a second lifting component 19 are also included. The first lifting component 18 and the second lifting component 19 are respectively fixed on the test gantry 6 and the leveling gantry 7. The first lifting component 18 is fixedly connected to the measuring component and is used to drive the measuring component to rise and fall. The second lifting component 19 is fixedly connected to the leveler 8 and is used to drive the leveler 8 to rise and fall. Both the first lifting component 18 and the second lifting component 19 are communicatively connected to the terminal.

[0065] During the test preparation phase, the terminal sends a command to the first lifting component 18 based on the set soil penetration depth of the deep loosening shovel 29. Upon activation, the first lifting component moves the measuring component up and down, adjusting the deep loosening shovel 29 to the preset soil penetration depth. Simultaneously, the terminal sends a command to the second lifting component 19 based on soil leveling requirements, causing the leveler 8 to adjust its distance from the soil surface to ensure the leveling effect meets standards. During the test, the terminal can dynamically adjust the height of the first lifting component 18 (if necessary) to maintain a stable soil penetration depth. After the test, the terminal controls the first lifting component 18 to raise the deep loosening shovel 29, and the second lifting component 19 to lower the leveler 8 to level the soil, preparing for the next test. This solves the problems of inaccurate soil penetration depth control of the deep loosening shovel 29 and inconvenient height adjustment of the leveler 8 in traditional devices. The two lifting components communicate with the terminal to achieve automated and precise adjustment, reducing human error, improving test efficiency, and digital control facilitates parameter recording and traceability, enhancing the scientific rigor and precision of the test.

[0066] In the embodiments provided by the present invention, both the first lifting component 18 and the second lifting component 19 include: The support frame 20 has grooves on its two opposing inner side walls along the height direction.

[0067] The lead screw assembly 21 has its nut located in the groove on both sides, the lead screw is arranged along the height direction, and the upper end of the lead screw extends out of the support frame 20. The leveler 8 or measuring component is fixedly connected to the nut.

[0068] The second motor 22 is fixed to the upper end of the support frame 20. The output shaft of the second motor 22 is fixedly connected to the screw. The second motor 22 is also connected to the terminal for communication.

[0069] The inner sidewalls of the support frame 20 are provided with grooves along the height direction to guide and limit the nut of the lead screw assembly 21. The screw of the lead screw assembly 21 is arranged along the height direction, with its upper end extending out of the support frame 20 and fixedly connected to the output shaft of the second motor 22. The nut is embedded in the grooves on both sides and can only move up and down along the grooves. The leveler 8 or measuring component is fixed to the nut and rises and falls synchronously with the nut. The second motor 22 is fixed to the upper end of the support frame 20 and communicates with the terminal. During the test, the terminal sends forward, reverse, or stop commands to the second motor 22. The motor drives the screw to rotate, and the nut, constrained by the grooves, converts the rotational motion into linear lifting motion, driving the leveler 8 or measuring component to accurately rise and fall to the set height. After that, the motor stops to lock the position. The communication between the second motor 22 and the terminal enables automated control. The terminal controls the lifting height precisely by controlling the number of rotations and the speed of the motor, avoiding subjective errors caused by manual adjustment. The self-locking property of the lead screw assembly 21 ensures stable height locking, preventing height deviation due to vibration during the test, ensuring test stability, and at the same time, the structure operates smoothly with little wear, extending the life of the device.

[0070] In the embodiments provided by the present invention, the measuring component includes: The base 23 is fixedly connected to the first lifting component 18, and a hook 24 is provided on the top of the base 23.

[0071] The bracket is fixed on the base 23. The bracket is used to install the deep loosening shovel 29, and the middle section of the deep loosening shovel 29 is rotatably connected to the bracket.

[0072] The tension sensor 25 is connected at one end to the hook 24 and at the other end to the upper end of the subsoil shovel 29. The tension sensor 25 is connected to the terminal for communication.

[0073] The base 23 is fixedly connected to the first lifting component 18 and rises and falls synchronously with the lifting component. The hook 24 above the base 23 provides a stable mounting point for the tension sensor 25. The bracket is fixed on the base 23 for mounting the subsoil shovel 29, and the middle section of the subsoil shovel 29 is rotatably connected to the bracket, allowing the subsoil shovel 29 to flexibly adjust its angle according to changes in soil resistance. One end of the tension sensor 25 is connected to the hook 24, and the other end is connected to the upper end of the subsoil shovel 29, and communicates with the terminal. During the test, the first lifting component 18 drives the measuring component to descend, and the subsoil shovel 29 cuts into the soil. During the displacement of the gantry frame, the subsoil shovel 29 experiences soil tillage resistance, which is transmitted to the tension sensor 25 through its upper end. The sensor converts the mechanical signal into an electrical signal and transmits it to the terminal in real time. The rotatable connection in the middle section of the subsoil shovel 29 prevents jamming and ensures accurate transmission of the resistance signal.

[0074] In the embodiments provided by the present invention, the support includes: Two support frames 26 are located on both sides of the base 23, and bearing seats 27 are provided on the support frames 26.

[0075] The rotating rod 28 has bearings connected to both ends, and the bearings are snapped into the bearing seats 27. The deep loosening shovel 29 is fixedly connected to the rotating rod 28.

[0076] Two support frames 26 are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the base 23, forming a stable support structure. Each support frame 26 is equipped with a bearing seat 27, providing a rotational support point for the rotating rod 28. Bearings are connected to both ends of the rotating rod 28, and the bearings engage with the bearing seats 27 on the support frame 26, allowing the rotating rod 28 to rotate flexibly around the bearing seats 27. The subsoil shovel 29 is fixedly connected to the rotating rod 28 and rotates synchronously with it. During the test, after the subsoil shovel 29 cuts into the soil, it experiences tillage resistance, causing a tendency to rotate around the axis of the rotating rod 28. Due to the cooperation between the bearings at both ends of the rotating rod 28 and the bearing seats 27, the rotating rod 28 can rotate smoothly, enabling the subsoil shovel 29 to flexibly adjust its angle to adapt to changes in resistance. The presence of the bearings significantly reduces the frictional resistance between the rotating rod 28 and the bearing seats 27, ensuring that the rotation of the subsoil shovel 29 is unimpeded. The bearings and bearing seats 27 have good wear resistance and stability, extending the life of the support frame, reducing maintenance costs, and the structural design is simple and easy to assemble, facilitating the replacement and maintenance of the subsoil shovel 29.

[0077] In the embodiments provided by this invention, the leveler 8 is a rake. Before or during the test, the rake teeth insert into the soil surface and, with the displacement of the gantry frame, comb, loosen, and level the soil, correcting uneven areas such as depressions and protrusions from the previous test, so that the soil surface forms a flat and uniform state. The rake teeth are evenly distributed, which can fully cover the soil surface and avoid leveling dead corners. During the continuous cyclic operation of the gantry frame, the soil can be continuously leveled, providing stable and consistent soil conditions for the subsequent resistance test of the deep loosening shovel 29.

[0078] It should be noted that any parts not disclosed or specifically described in this invention are existing technology or conventional configurations, and their specific structures and working principles will not be elaborated further. In this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0079] Although embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and embodiments. It can be applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. Other modifications can be readily implemented by those skilled in the art. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and their equivalents, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and examples shown and described herein.

Claims

1. An elliptical soil trough device for testing the resistance of deep tillage, characterized in that, include: The annular trough has an inner track on the outer side of the inner plate and an outer track on the outer side of the outer plate, and the trough is lined with soil. A gantry assembly, comprising a test gantry and a leveling gantry, wherein the crossbeams of the test gantry and the leveling gantry are hinged together by connecting rods; A measuring component is fixed on the crossbeam of the test gantry, and the measuring component is used to mount the subsoil shovel and measure the resistance of the subsoil shovel; A leveling device, fixed on the leveling gantry frame, is used to level the soil; Two drive groups, each drive group comprising two drive components, are respectively fixed to the lower ends of the two columns of the test gantry and the two columns of the leveling gantry. The drive groups cooperate with the inner and outer rails to drive the test gantry and the leveling gantry to move. The terminal is communicatively connected to both the measuring component and the driving component. The terminal is used to receive the measurement results from the measuring component and control the operation of the driving component.

2. The elliptical soil trough device for testing the resistance of deep tillage as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Both the inner and outer tracks include annular support tracks and racks fixed to the outer wall of the support tracks. The driving component includes a first motor and a gear. The first motor is fixed inside the column of the test gantry and the leveling gantry, and its output shaft extends out of the column. The gear is fixed on the output shaft of the first motor and meshes with a rack. The first motor rotates through the gear, thereby driving the test gantry and the leveling gantry to move. The first motor is connected to the terminal for communication.

3. The elliptical soil trough device for testing the resistance of deep tillage as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The inner wall of the support rail is provided with an annular limiting protrusion. The lower end of the column of the test gantry and the flat gantry is rotatably connected to a sliding wheel through a support rod. The sliding wheel is provided with a groove in the middle. The limiting protrusion and the groove are fitted with a clearance, and the sliding wheel abuts against the side wall of the support rail.

4. The elliptical soil trough device for testing the resistance of deep tillage as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The drive unit also includes a planetary reducer, which is located between the first motor and the gear; The planetary reducer is connected to the terminal for communication.

5. An elliptical soil trough device for testing the resistance of deep tillage as described in claim 4, characterized in that, Includes a positioning component, the positioning component comprising: Two annular magnetic encoder strips are fixed to the upper ends of the two support rails respectively; Four encoder reading modules are fixed to the lower ends of two columns of the test gantry and two columns of the leveling gantry, respectively. The encoder reading modules are connected to the terminal for communication. The encoder reading module is used to read the information of the corresponding magnetic encoder strip, thereby obtaining the positions of the two columns of the test gantry and the two columns of the leveling gantry.

6. The elliptical soil trough device for testing the resistance of deep tillage as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a first lifting component and a second lifting component, which are respectively fixed on the test gantry and the leveling gantry. The first lifting component is fixedly connected to the measuring component and is used to drive the measuring component to rise and fall. The second lifting component is fixedly connected to the leveler and is used to drive the leveler to rise and fall. Both the first and second lifting components are communicatively connected to the terminal.

7. An elliptical soil trough device for testing the resistance of deep tillage as described in claim 6, characterized in that, Both the first lifting component and the second lifting component include: The supporting frame has grooves along its height on two opposing inner side walls. A lead screw assembly, wherein the two sides of the nut are located in the slide groove, the lead screw is arranged along the height direction, and the upper end of the lead screw extends out of the support frame, and the leveler or measuring component is fixedly connected to the nut; The second motor is fixed to the upper end of the support frame. The output shaft of the second motor is fixedly connected to the screw. The second motor is also connected to the terminal for communication.

8. An elliptical soil trough device for testing the resistance of deep tillage as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The measuring component includes: The base is fixedly connected to the first lifting component, and a hook is provided on the top of the base; A bracket is fixed on the base, the bracket is used to install a deep loosening shovel, and the middle section of the deep loosening shovel is rotatably connected to the bracket; A tension sensor is connected at one end to the hook and at the other end to the upper end of the subsoil shovel. The tension sensor is also connected to a terminal for communication.

9. An elliptical soil trough device for testing the resistance of deep tillage as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The support includes: Two support frames are located on both sides of the base, and bearing seats are provided on the support frames; The rotating rod has bearings connected to both ends, and the bearings are snapped into bearing seats. The deep loosening shovel is fixedly connected to the rotating rod.

10. An elliptical soil trough device for testing the resistance of deep tillage as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The leveling tool is a rake.

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