Device and method for testing anti-permeability performance of vertical shaft structure

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of constructional engineering, and discloses a vertical shaft structure anti-permeability performance testing device and a vertical shaft structure anti-permeability performance testing method. The shaft structure impervious performance test device comprises a test box and a first water pressure sensor, a simulation shaft and a tough structure layer are arranged in the test box, the simulation shaft is formed by splicing a plurality of arc-shaped pipe pieces in the circumferential direction, the tough structure layer covers the outer side of the simulation shaft, and a first water injection chamber is arranged between the tough structure layer and the side wall of the test box; the first water pressure sensor is arranged on the wall face of the side, away from the simulation vertical shaft, of the tough structure layer, or the first water pressure sensor is arranged in the first water injection chamber. The anti-permeability performance testing device for the vertical shaft structure is simple in structure, convenient to operate and capable of simulating the vertical shaft structure in a real marine environment, so that the credibility and reliability of subsequent anti-permeability testing are improved, and an important reference basis is provided for engineering design and site construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building engineering technology, and in particular to a test device and test method for the impermeability performance of vertical shaft structures. Background Technology

[0002] Vertical shafts are a common building structure found in mining, water conservancy and hydropower, highway and waterway transportation, and marine engineering. In marine engineering, vertical shafts are called marine engineering shafts and are mainly used in offshore oil and gas development, submarine tunnel construction, marine observation, or resource exploration. Their core function is to provide a vertical passage for the transport of fluids (such as oil and gas), equipment installation, or personnel / material transportation.

[0003] To enhance the structural strength of offshore shafts and withstand damage from high water pressure and impact loads, a toughened structure is typically installed around the shaft. Toughened structures generally possess strong energy absorption characteristics and high recovery capacity after deformation, effectively improving the structural strength and safety of the shaft. However, to prevent seepage damage from external water, construction personnel need to conduct simulation tests on the seepage resistance of the toughened structure before its installation. However, existing simulation testing devices mostly test the seepage resistance of the toughened structure material itself, failing to reflect the actual seepage conditions of pressurized water within the offshore shaft, thus reducing the accuracy and reliability of the test results in practical applications.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a test device for the anti-seepage performance of vertical shaft structures to solve the above-mentioned problems in the existing technology. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a test device and method for the anti-seepage performance of vertical shaft structures. The device is simple in structure and easy to operate, and can accurately reproduce the seepage situation of marine vertical shaft structures, thereby providing important reference for engineering design and on-site construction.

[0006] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] The vertical shaft structure seepage resistance testing device includes:

[0008] The test chamber has a simulated shaft and a toughness structure layer inside. The simulated shaft is formed by splicing multiple arc-shaped tube segments along the circumference. The toughness structure layer covers the outside of the simulated shaft. There is a first water injection chamber between the toughness structure layer and the side wall of the test chamber.

[0009] The first water pressure sensor is disposed on the wall surface of the tough structural layer on the side away from the simulated shaft, or the first water pressure sensor is disposed in the first water injection chamber.

[0010] Preferably, the vertical shaft structure seepage resistance test device further includes a second water pressure sensor, which is disposed on the inner wall surface of the simulated vertical shaft.

[0011] Preferably, the vertical shaft structure seepage resistance test device further includes a second distributed optical fiber sensor, which is disposed on the outer wall of the simulated vertical shaft.

[0012] Preferably, the test chamber is provided with a removable partition, which is arranged in a ring around the outside of the simulated shaft. A grouting chamber is formed between the partition and the simulated shaft, and the grouting chamber is used to accommodate the tough structural layer before solidification.

[0013] Preferably, along the radial direction of the simulated shaft, the bottom plate of the test chamber is provided with multiple mounting slots at intervals;

[0014] Multiple mounting slots are arranged concentrically, and the partition is engaged in the mounting slot.

[0015] Preferably, the grouting chamber is provided with an air vent.

[0016] Preferably, the shaft structure seepage resistance test device further includes a first distributed optical fiber sensor, which is disposed on the wall surface of the tough structural layer on the side away from the simulated shaft.

[0017] Preferably, the test chamber includes a bottom plate, side panels, and a cover plate. The side panels are connected to the bottom plate, and the cover plate covers the first water injection chamber and is detachably connected to the side panels. A first water injection port is provided on the cover plate and is connected to the first water injection chamber.

[0018] Preferably, the vertical shaft structure seepage resistance test device further includes a first injection system, which includes a first injection pipe and a first pressurizing pump. The first pressurizing pump is disposed on the first injection pipe, and the first injection pipe is inserted into the first water injection port.

[0019] The test method for the impermeability performance of vertical shaft structures, using the aforementioned test apparatus, includes the following steps:

[0020] S1. The tough structural layer is attached to the outer wall of the simulated shaft;

[0021] S2. Inject water into the first water injection chamber and use the first booster pump to maintain water pressure;

[0022] S3. Observe the pressure drop of the first water pressure sensor.

[0023] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0024] The vertical shaft structure seepage resistance testing device provided by this invention includes a test chamber and a first water pressure sensor. The test chamber contains a simulated vertical shaft, which is formed by splicing multiple arc-shaped segments. A tough structural layer is disposed on the outside of the simulated vertical shaft. Since a first water injection chamber is disposed on the outside of the tough structural layer, the seepage situation of the tough structural layer of the shaft can be simulated by pressurizing and injecting liquid into the first water injection chamber. The structure is simple and easy to operate. Furthermore, since the first water injection chamber is located on the outside of the tough structural layer, a first water pressure sensor is disposed in the first water injection chamber and on the outer wall of the tough structural layer. The first water pressure sensor can detect the liquid pressure in the first water injection chamber, so the test device can accurately simulate the seepage of water from the outside of the shaft (seepage from the outside of the shaft to the inside). When testing the seepage resistance of the shaft structure, the test device not only takes into account the seepage resistance of the tough structural layer material itself, but also takes into account the influence of the tough structural layer structure on the seepage resistance. Therefore, the test device can simulate the shaft structure in the real marine environment, thereby improving the credibility and reliability of subsequent seepage resistance tests and providing important reference for engineering design and on-site construction.

[0025] The test method for the seepage resistance of this shaft structure not only takes into account the seepage resistance of the tough structural layer material itself, but also considers the influence of the structural form of the tough structural layer on the seepage resistance. Therefore, this test method truly restores the seepage situation of the marine shaft structure and provides an important reference for engineering design and on-site construction. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a longitudinal sectional view of the vertical shaft structure seepage resistance test device provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the vertical shaft structure anti-seepage performance testing device provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] In the picture:

[0029] 1-Simulated vertical shaft;

[0030] 2- Tough structural layer;

[0031] 3-First water injection chamber;

[0032] 4-Partition;

[0033] 5-Mounting slot;

[0034] 6-Base plate;

[0035] 7-Side panels;

[0036] 8-Cover plate; 81-First water inlet; 82-Air vent; 83-Second water inlet;

[0037] 9-Second water injection chamber;

[0038] 10-First injection system; 11-First injection pipe; 12-First pressurizing pump;

[0039] 20 - Second injection system; 21 - Second injection pipe; 22 - Second pressurizing pump. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings show only the parts relevant to the present invention, and not all of the structures.

[0041] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected," "linked," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0042] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0043] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "upper," "lower," "right," and "left," etc., refer to the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for ease of description and simplification of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for distinction in description and have no special meaning.

[0044] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the present invention provides a test device for the seepage resistance performance of a vertical shaft structure. The test device includes a test chamber and a first water pressure sensor. The test chamber is equipped with a simulated vertical shaft 1 and a toughness structure layer 2. The simulated vertical shaft 1 is formed by splicing multiple arc-shaped pipe segments along the circumference. The toughness structure layer 2 covers the outside of the simulated vertical shaft 1. A first water injection chamber 3 is provided between the toughness structure layer 2 and the side wall of the test chamber. The first water pressure sensor is set on the wall surface of the toughness structure layer 2 on the side away from the simulated vertical shaft 1, or the first water pressure sensor is set in the first water injection chamber 3. Specifically, the test chamber includes a simulated shaft 1, which is formed by splicing multiple arc-shaped segments. A tough structural layer 2 covers the outside of the simulated shaft 1. Since a first water injection chamber 3 is located on the outside of the tough structural layer 2, the seepage situation of the tough structural layer 2 in the simulated shaft 1 can be simulated by pressurizing and injecting liquid into the first water injection chamber 3. The structure is simple and easy to operate. Furthermore, since the first water injection chamber 3 is located on the outside of the tough structural layer 2, a first water pressure sensor is installed in the first water injection chamber 3 and on the outer wall of the tough structural layer 2. The first water pressure sensor can... The test device measures the liquid pressure in the first water injection chamber 3, thus accurately simulating the seepage process of the shaft (water seeping from the outside to the inside of the shaft). When testing the seepage resistance of the shaft structure, the test device not only considers the seepage resistance of the tough structural layer 2 material itself, but also takes into account the influence of the structural form of the tough structural layer 2 on the seepage resistance. Therefore, the test device can simulate the shaft structure in a real marine environment, thereby improving the credibility and reliability of subsequent seepage resistance tests and providing important reference for engineering design and on-site construction.

[0045] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 As shown, the test chamber is a closed box-type structure, including a bottom plate 6, side panels 7, and a cover plate 8. The side panels 7 are connected to the bottom plate 6, and the cover plate 8 covers the first water injection chamber 3 and is detachably connected to the side panels 7. The cover plate 8 has a first water injection port 81, which connects to the first water injection chamber 3. The simulated shaft 1 is placed vertically on the bottom plate 6 of the test chamber. The toughness structural layer 2 surrounds the outside of the simulated shaft 1. After the cover plate 8 is placed on the side panels 7, the top of the toughness structural layer 2 and the simulated shaft 1 both abut against the cover plate 8, thereby dividing the interior of the test chamber into the first water injection chamber. 3. The second water injection chamber 9 is the internal space enclosed by the simulated shaft 1, the cover plate 8, and the bottom plate 6. The shaft structure anti-seepage performance test device also includes a second water pressure sensor, which is set on the inner wall of the simulated shaft 1. The second water pressure sensor is used to detect the liquid pressure in the second water injection chamber 9. Therefore, the test device can also simulate the seepage process in the shaft (water seeps from the inside of the shaft to the outside), thereby meeting the test requirements for bidirectional seepage in marine shafts, which greatly improves the practicality and applicable scenarios of the shaft structure anti-seepage performance test device.

[0046] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 As shown, the vertical shaft structure seepage resistance test device also includes a first injection system 10, which includes a first injection pipe 11 and a first pressurizing pump 12. The first pressurizing pump 12 is installed in the first injection pipe 11, and the first injection pipe 11 is inserted into the first water inlet 81. During the vertical shaft external seepage test, water or other test liquids are transported to the first water injection chamber 3 through the first injection pipe 11 and the first water inlet 81. The first pressurizing pump 12 is used to apply pressure to the water in the first water injection chamber 3 to maintain a certain pressure. At the same time, during this process, the staff judges the seepage situation of the tough structural layer 2 by observing the reading of the first water pressure sensor. If the reading of the first water pressure sensor drops beyond the specified value in the specification or standard within a specified time, it is considered that the seepage resistance performance of the tough structural layer 2 does not meet the requirements. It is understood that the staff can select different specifications or standards according to different industries or on-site construction conditions, as long as they observe whether the change in the reading of the first water pressure sensor meets the specified value.

[0047] In this embodiment, a second water inlet 83 is also provided on the cover plate 8, which is connected to the second water inlet 9. The test device also includes a second liquid injection system 20, which includes a second liquid injection pipe 21 and a second pressurizing pump 22. The second pressurizing pump 22 is disposed on the second liquid injection pipe 21, and the second liquid injection pipe 21 is inserted into the second water inlet 83. When conducting a seepage test in the vertical shaft, water or other test liquids are transported to the second water inlet 9 through the second liquid injection pipe 21 and the second water inlet 83. The second pressurizing pump 22 is used to inject water into the second water inlet 9. Pressure is applied to maintain a certain pressure in the water in the second water injection chamber 9. During this process, the staff observes the readings of the second water pressure sensor to determine the seepage situation of the tough structural layer 2. If the reading of the second water pressure sensor drops below the specified value in the specification or standard within a specified time, it is considered that the seepage resistance performance of the tough structural layer 2 does not meet the requirements. It is understandable that the staff can select different specifications or standards according to different industries or on-site construction conditions, as long as they observe whether the change in the reading of the second water pressure sensor meets the specified value.

[0048] In order to quickly locate the leakage point of the tough structural layer 2 during the seepage test in the shaft and obtain more seepage patterns of the shaft structure, the shaft structure seepage resistance test device also includes a second distributed optical fiber sensor. The second distributed optical fiber sensor is set on the outer wall of the simulated shaft 1. The distributed optical fiber sensor is a commonly used device in the field that uses optical fiber itself as a sensing element and signal transmission medium. It can continuously and spatially distribute the measurement and monitoring of physical quantities such as strain and vibration along the optical fiber path. Its specific principle will not be elaborated here. In this embodiment, the second distributed optical fiber sensor is set on the outer wall of the simulated shaft 1 facing the tough structural layer 2, so as to monitor the stress at each position of the tough structural layer 2 to find the deformation and specific seepage location.

[0049] Furthermore, the vertical shaft structure seepage resistance test device also includes a first distributed optical fiber sensor. The first distributed optical fiber sensor is the same as the second distributed optical fiber sensor, both of which are commonly used distributed optical fiber sensors in the field. The first distributed optical fiber sensor is set on the wall surface of the tough structural layer 2 on the side away from the simulated vertical shaft 1. When conducting the vertical shaft seepage test, the first distributed optical fiber sensor is used to monitor the stress at various locations of the tough structural layer 2, thereby discovering the deformation and specific seepage location.

[0050] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the test chamber is equipped with a removable partition 4, which is arranged in a ring around the outside of the simulated shaft 1. A grouting chamber is formed between the partition 4 and the simulated shaft 1. The grouting chamber is used to accommodate the tough structural layer 2 before solidification. In this embodiment, the tough structural layer 2 is formed by injecting grouting material into the grouting chamber and then curing it. The partition 4 is a circular plate. Before the test begins, the staff first inserts the partition 4 into the bottom plate 6 of the test chamber, and then injects grouting material into the grouting chamber between the partition 4 and the outer wall of the simulated shaft 1. After the grouting material is completely cured, the staff removes the partition 4, thereby forming the tough structural layer 2 on the outside of the simulated shaft 1. It is understood that the staff can change the type of grouting material according to the specific test requirements. For example, it can be a polymer material or cement mortar.

[0051] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, along the radial direction of the simulated shaft 1, multiple mounting slots 5 are spaced apart on the bottom plate 6 of the test chamber; the multiple mounting slots 5 are concentrically arranged, and the partition 4 is inserted into the mounting slot 5. By changing the installation position of the partition 4, the volume of the grouting chamber can be changed, thereby changing the thickness of the tough structural layer 2, so as to realize the simulation test of the impermeability of the tough structural layer 2 with different thicknesses.

[0052] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the test chamber consists of a base plate 6, side panels 7, and a cover plate 8. The bottom end of the partition plate 4 is inserted into the mounting groove 5. To further improve the stability of the partition plate 4 installation, a plug-in groove is provided on the cover plate 8 corresponding to the mounting groove 5. The top end of the partition plate 4 is inserted into the plug-in groove, thus forming an independent grouting chamber with the partition plate 4 and other spaces in the test chamber. To ensure the smooth progress of grouting, the grouting chamber is provided with an air vent 82, which is located on the cover plate 8. When grouting material is injected into the grouting chamber, the air in the grouting chamber will be discharged through the air vent 82 under the compression of the grouting material.

[0053] This embodiment also provides a method for testing the impermeability of a vertical shaft structure, using the aforementioned test apparatus for testing the impermeability of a vertical shaft structure, including the following steps:

[0054] S1. The tough structural layer 2 is attached to the outer wall of the simulated shaft 1;

[0055] S2. Inject water into the first water injection chamber 3 and use the first booster pump 12 to maintain water pressure;

[0056] S3. Observe the pressure drop of the first water pressure sensor.

[0057] Specifically, the test method for the impermeability of the vertical shaft structure not only takes into account the impermeability of the tough structural layer 2 material itself, but also considers the influence of the structural form of the tough structural layer 2 on the impermeability. Therefore, the test method truly restores the seepage situation of the marine vertical shaft structure, providing an important reference for engineering design and on-site construction.

[0058] In this embodiment, the test method includes two working conditions: one is the external seepage condition where water seeps from the outside of the shaft to the inside, and the other is the internal seepage condition where water seeps from the inside of the shaft to the outside. When conducting the internal seepage condition test, the staff uses the second injection system 20 to fill the second injection chamber 9 with water and maintains a certain pressure. The permeability resistance of the tough structural layer 2 is judged by observing the change in the value of the second water pressure sensor. When conducting the external seepage condition test, the staff uses the first injection system 10 to fill the first injection chamber 3 with water and maintains a certain pressure. The permeability resistance of the tough structural layer 2 is judged by observing the change in the value of the first water pressure sensor.

[0059] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will be able to make various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively describe all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A test device for the impermeability of vertical shaft structures, characterized in that, include: The test chamber has a simulated vertical shaft (1) and a toughness structure layer (2) inside. The simulated vertical shaft (1) is formed by splicing multiple arc-shaped tube segments along the circumference. The toughness structure layer (2) covers the outside of the simulated vertical shaft (1). There is a first water injection chamber (3) between the toughness structure layer (2) and the side wall of the test chamber. The first water pressure sensor is disposed on the wall surface of the tough structure layer (2) on the side away from the simulated shaft (1), or the first water pressure sensor is disposed in the first water injection chamber (3).

2. The vertical shaft structure seepage resistance test device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vertical shaft structure anti-seepage performance test device also includes a second water pressure sensor, which is installed on the inner wall of the simulated vertical shaft (1).

3. The vertical shaft structure seepage resistance test device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The vertical shaft structure anti-seepage performance test device also includes a second distributed optical fiber sensor, which is set on the outer wall of the simulated vertical shaft (1).

4. The vertical shaft structure seepage resistance test device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The test chamber is equipped with a removable partition (4), which is arranged in a ring around the outside of the simulated shaft (1). A grouting chamber is formed between the partition (4) and the simulated shaft (1), and the grouting chamber is used to accommodate the tough structural layer (2) before solidification.

5. The vertical shaft structure seepage resistance test device according to claim 4, characterized in that, Along the radial direction of the simulated shaft (1), a plurality of mounting slots (5) are provided at intervals on the bottom plate (6) of the test chamber; Multiple mounting slots (5) are arranged concentrically, and the partition (4) is engaged in the mounting slots (5).

6. The vertical shaft structure seepage resistance test device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The grouting chamber is equipped with an air vent (82).

7. The test device for the impermeability of vertical shaft structures according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vertical shaft structure anti-seepage performance test device also includes a first distributed optical fiber sensor, which is disposed on the wall surface of the tough structure layer (2) on the side away from the simulated vertical shaft (1).

8. The vertical shaft structure seepage resistance test device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The test chamber includes a bottom plate (6), a side panel (7) and a cover plate (8). The side panel (7) is connected to the bottom plate (6). The cover plate (8) covers the first water injection chamber (3) and is detachably connected to the side panel (7). The cover plate (8) has a first water injection port (81) which is connected to the first water injection chamber (3).

9. The vertical shaft structure seepage resistance test device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The vertical shaft structure anti-seepage performance test device also includes a first injection system (10), which includes a first injection pipe (11) and a first pressurizing pump (12). The first pressurizing pump (12) is installed in the first injection pipe (11), and the first injection pipe (11) is inserted into the first water inlet (81).

10. A test method for the impermeability of vertical shaft structures, characterized in that, Using the vertical shaft structure impermeability testing device as described in any one of claims 1-9, the method includes the following steps: S1. The tough structural layer (2) is attached to the outer wall of the simulated shaft (1); S2. Inject water into the first water injection chamber (3) and use the first booster pump (12) to maintain water pressure; S3. Observe the pressure drop of the first water pressure sensor.

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