Mountain-front-belt speed modeling method and device, equipment, storage medium and program product

Abstract

According to the mountain front belt speed modeling method, device and equipment, the storage medium and the program product provided by the embodiment of the invention, firstly, the regional structure and evolution mode is established through ground geological survey, and then the correctness of the geological mode is verified through the physical simulation experiment and the numerical simulation experiment. By establishing a complex structure mode constraint speed modeling horizon structure interpretation and speed filling method, the problem that accurate speed modeling cannot be achieved in a complex structure area is solved. Compared with a conventional speed modeling method, the speed model established by the method can more accurately establish a speed model conforming to geological conditions, and the method is a good way for solving the difficult problem of complex mountain-front-belt speed modeling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of geophysical exploration seismic data processing technology, specifically to a method, apparatus, equipment, storage medium, and program product for piedmont velocity modeling. Background Technology

[0002] With the deepening of oil and gas exploration and development, the piedmont zone has become one of the key areas for tackling oil and gas exploration and development. However, the exploration difficulty in the piedmont zone is far greater than that of conventional exploration. The piedmont zone is a region where the structure undergoes dramatic changes as it transitions from a basin to a mountain range. Complex piedmont zones are mainly distributed in our western region, including the surrounding areas of the Junggar Basin, Tarim Basin, Sichuan Basin, and Qaidam Basin. These areas have a generally low level of exploration but contain rich oil and gas resources. They are important strategic replacement areas for Sinopec's oil and gas resources and are the focus of oil and gas exploration now and for some time to come.

[0003] The accuracy of the velocity model is a key factor determining the results of migration imaging, especially pre-stack depth migration, as it often yields better imaging results in areas with large lateral velocity variations. Depth-domain velocity modeling generally involves two aspects: initial velocity model establishment and tomographic inversion modeling. The most common industrial velocity modeling workflow currently involves obtaining near-surface velocities through wave-rotation tomography, then stitching together mid-deep and pre-stack time-migrated root-mean-square velocities to depth-domain layer velocities to establish an initial velocity model. This initial velocity model is then subjected to tomographic inversion and migration, gradually determining the final imaging velocity model based on the flattening imaging gather criterion. However, conventional modeling methods are not suitable for piedmont data. Firstly, due to the dramatic topographic relief, there are matching issues in the fusion of near-surface and mid-deep velocities; secondly, complex piedmont structures exhibit significant lateral velocity field variations, and the conventional method of establishing a model by converting time-migrated velocities to depth-domain layer velocities can generate anomalous velocity volumes in structurally complex areas, severely impacting the accuracy of velocity modeling and imaging results.

[0004] It should be noted that the information disclosed in the background section of this application is intended only to enhance the understanding of the general background of this application, and should not be regarded as an admission or in any way implying that the information constitutes prior art known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, this application provides a method, apparatus, device, storage medium and program product for velocity modeling in piedmont zones, in order to solve the problem that conventional modeling methods in the prior art are not applicable to piedmont zone data, and will generate abnormal velocity volumes in structurally complex areas, which seriously affects the accuracy of velocity modeling and imaging results.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a method for velocity modeling in piedmont zones based on tectonic mode constraints, including:

[0007] Step S101: Determine the deformation pattern and detachment layer distribution within the target area through geological outcrop analysis;

[0008] Step S102: Perform time-frequency electromagnetic data acquisition on the target area and interpret the profile through time-frequency electromagnetic profiles to obtain the structural features of the slip layer within the target area;

[0009] Step S103: Based on the deformation pattern and detachment layer distribution in the target area, as well as the structural characteristics of the detachment layers in the target area, perform structural horizon interpretation on the seismic profile to obtain the structural model of the target area;

[0010] Step S104: Combine the structural model of the target area with the logging velocity in the work area of ​​the target area to obtain a velocity model body in three-dimensional space;

[0011] Step S105: Use the velocity model volume as the initial velocity model for depth offset processing to obtain the offset CIP gather;

[0012] Step S106: Pick the curvature of the in-phase axis within the CIP gather to obtain the remaining time difference;

[0013] Step S107: Using the construction model of the target region as prior information, perform construction model constraint tomography velocity inversion through the remaining time difference to obtain the updated velocity model body.

[0014] One possible implementation also includes:

[0015] Step S108: Use the updated velocity model as the new initial velocity model, and repeat steps S105 to S108 until the desired imaging result is obtained.

[0016] In one possible implementation, step S101 specifically includes:

[0017] Field observations were conducted on the basement surface and major sedimentary strata to determine the deformation patterns and detachment layer distribution within the target area.

[0018] In one possible implementation, the formula for the tomography velocity inversion is:

[0019]

[0020] Where Δt is the discrete form of the residual time difference, Δs i For the slow perturbation of the i-th grid point; l iLet be the ray length within the i-th grid.

[0021] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a velocity modeling device for piedmont zones based on tectonic mode constraints, comprising:

[0022] The geological outcrop analysis module is used to determine the deformation pattern and detachment layer distribution within the target area through geological outcrop analysis.

[0023] The detachment layer structural feature determination module is used to perform time-frequency electromagnetic data acquisition on the target area and interpret the profile through time-frequency electromagnetic profile to obtain the structural features of the detachment layer in the target area.

[0024] The structural model determination module for the target area is used to interpret the structural horizon on the seismic profile based on the deformation mode and detachment layer distribution within the target area, as well as the structural characteristics of the detachment layers within the target area, to obtain the structural model of the target area.

[0025] The velocity model volume determination module is used to combine the construction model of the target area with the logging velocity in the work area of ​​the target area to obtain the velocity model volume in three-dimensional space.

[0026] The CIP gather determination module is used to perform depth offset processing on the velocity model volume as the initial velocity model to obtain the offset CIP gather.

[0027] The remaining time difference determination module is used to pick up the curvature of the in-phase axis within the CIP gather, and then obtain the remaining time difference;

[0028] The update velocity model volume determination module is used to take the construction model of the target region as prior information, and perform construction model constraint tomography velocity inversion through the remaining time difference to obtain the update velocity model volume.

[0029] One possible implementation also includes:

[0030] An iterative module is used to take the updated velocity model volume as a new initial velocity model volume and repeat the steps of the CIP gather determination module, the remaining time difference determination module, and the updated velocity model volume determination module until the required imaging results are obtained.

[0031] In one possible implementation, the geological outcrop analysis module is specifically used for:

[0032] Field observations were conducted on the basement surface and major sedimentary strata to determine the deformation patterns and detachment layer distribution within the target area.

[0033] In one possible implementation, the formula for the tomography velocity inversion is:

[0034]

[0035] Where Δt is the discrete form of the residual time difference, Δs i For the slow perturbation of the i-th grid point; l i Let be the ray length within the i-th grid.

[0036] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide an electronic device, including:

[0037] processor;

[0038] Memory;

[0039] And a computer program, wherein the computer program is stored in the memory, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, implements the method described in any one of the first aspects.

[0040] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the method described in any one of the first aspects.

[0041] Fifthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer program product, the computer program product including a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the method described in any one of the first aspects.

[0042] In this embodiment, a regional tectonic and evolutionary model is first established through ground geological surveys, and then the correctness of the geological model is verified through physical simulation experiments and numerical simulation experiments. By establishing a method for interpreting stratigraphic layers and filling velocity data constrained by a complex tectonic model, the problem of inaccurate velocity modeling in complex tectonic regions is solved. Compared with conventional velocity modeling methods, the velocity model established by this method can more accurately establish a velocity model that conforms to geological conditions, and is a good way to solve the problem of velocity modeling in complex piedmont zones. Attached Figure Description

[0043] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0044] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a velocity modeling method for foreland zones based on tectonic mode constraints, provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0045] Figure 2A schematic diagram of a velocity model obtained by inversion after being constrained by the construction mode, provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0046] Figure 3 A flowchart illustrating another method for velocity modeling of the foreland zone based on tectonic mode constraints provided in this application embodiment;

[0047] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the migration imaging effect of a velocity model obtained by inversion after being constrained by a construction mode, provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0048] Figure 5 A structural block diagram of a velocity modeling device for foreland zones based on tectonic mode constraints provided in this application embodiment;

[0049] Figure 6 A structural block diagram of another velocity modeling device for foreland zones based on tectonic mode constraints provided in this application embodiment;

[0050] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0051] To better understand the technical solution of this application, the embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0052] It should be understood that the described embodiments are merely some, not all, of the embodiments in this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments in this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0053] The terminology used in the embodiments of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of this application. The singular forms “a,” “the,” and “the” used in the embodiments of this application and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0054] It should be understood that the term "and / or" used in this article is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0055] Velocity models generally have a high correlation with geological structural models. Therefore, velocity modeling should conform to objective geological structural conditions. A velocity model with a high degree of consistency with geological conditions can improve the final imaging effect and accuracy. This application's embodiment, through a full integration of seismological and geological expertise, first studies the structural patterns and evolutionary characteristics of the target area, and verifies the geological model through physical and numerical simulations. Then, the geological model within the target area is used as prior information for velocity modeling. Based on the geological model, a stratigraphic framework for velocity modeling is constructed. By combining this with well velocities to fill the velocity within the velocity model, integrated modeling is achieved, improving the accuracy of velocity modeling and the final imaging effect. This will be described in detail below.

[0056] See Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for velocity modeling in piedmont zones based on tectonic mode constraints, provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 As shown, it mainly includes the following steps.

[0057] Step S101: Determine the deformation pattern and detachment layer distribution within the target area through geological outcrop analysis.

[0058] For example, field observations were conducted on the basement surface and the main sedimentary strata. Analysis showed that the Silurian system in the target area was characterized by tight, sharp folds, which was inconsistent with the Sinian-Cambrian folds. This indicated that the Silurian system was a detachment layer, separating the Upper Paleo and Lower Paleo deformed layers.

[0059] Step S102: Perform time-frequency electromagnetic data acquisition on the target area and interpret the profile through time-frequency electromagnetic profiles to obtain the structural features of the detachment layer within the target area.

[0060] For example, by interpreting the time-frequency electromagnetic profile, it can be seen that there are multiple sets of slip layers in the target area. The upper structural layer is characterized by a relatively closed fold structure, while the lower structural layer has a more open structural morphology. The deformation between the upper and lower layers is inconsistent, and there is a set of slip surfaces that tilt inward into the basin at a deep depth.

[0061] Step S103: Based on the deformation pattern and detachment layer distribution in the target area, as well as the structural characteristics of the detachment layers in the target area, perform structural layer interpretation on the seismic profile to obtain the structural model of the target area.

[0062] This step is crucial for velocity modeling and imaging in complex piedmont regions. In complex piedmont areas, without tectonic mode constraints, the interpretation and tracking of seismic data by layer often fails to accurately obtain tectonic models, which in turn affects the accurate establishment of velocity models and seriously impacts the subsequent imaging results.

[0063] Step S104: Combine the structural model of the target area with the logging velocity in the work area of ​​the target area to obtain a velocity model in three-dimensional space.

[0064] The construction model is used to obtain the overall trend of the lateral distribution of velocity, while the logging velocity is a representation of the longitudinal velocity change at a single point in space. Combining the two can obtain a complete three-dimensional velocity volume model.

[0065] Step S105: Use the velocity model volume as the initial velocity model for depth offset processing to obtain the offset CIP gather.

[0066] In this context, CIP gathers are typically spatially gridded, and conventional methods generally require a spatial density of 100 meters by 100 meters to meet the needs. Of course, those skilled in the art can set other spatial densities according to actual needs, and the embodiments of this application do not impose specific limitations on this.

[0067] Step S106: Pick the curvature of the in-phase axis within the CIP gather to obtain the remaining time difference.

[0068] Specifically, the curvature of the phase axis is picked up on the CIP gather after offset in step S105 to obtain the remaining time difference, providing equation data for the next step of tomographic velocity inversion.

[0069] Step S107: Using the construction model of the target region as prior information, perform construction model constraint tomography velocity inversion through the remaining time difference to obtain the updated velocity model body.

[0070] The main difference between this step and conventional inversion methods lies in incorporating the constructed model obtained in step S103 as prior information during the solution of the inversion error equation. This method plays a crucial role in complex piedmont geomorphological theories, significantly reducing instability and step uncertainty in the inversion process, and greatly improving its accuracy.

[0071] Grid tomography velocity inversion updates the velocity value at each point along the wave propagation path by back-projecting the travel time of measured data and the travel time difference of predicted data. Based on this, the following equation can be established:

[0072] ∫ L (s-δs)dl=∫ L′ s dl

[0073] Where s is the slowness, δs is the slowness correction, L is the offset velocity ray path, L′ is the true ray path, and dl is the derivative along the ray path.

[0074] By transforming Equation 1, we obtain Equation 2:

[0075] ∫ L δs dl=∫ L s dl-∫ L′s dl=ΔT

[0076] Where ΔT is the remaining time difference.

[0077] The discrete form of equation two is equation three:

[0078]

[0079] Where Δt is the discrete form of the residual time difference, and Δs i For the slow perturbation of the i-th grid point, l i Let be the ray length within the i-th grid. Thus, each picked-up remaining depth difference corresponds to a remaining time difference, i.e., a ray path. Tomographic velocity inversion can be performed by solving Equation 3.

[0080] like Figure 2 As shown, the velocity model obtained after inversion under tectonic mode constraints has more obvious tectonic features and is more consistent with geological significance.

[0081] See Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating another method for velocity modeling in the foreland zone based on tectonic mode constraints provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 As shown, it is in Figure 1 Based on the illustrated embodiment, the following steps are also included.

[0082] Step S108: Use the updated velocity model volume as the new initial velocity model volume, and repeat steps S105 to S108 until the desired imaging result is obtained.

[0083] like Figure 4 As shown, the migration imaging effect of the velocity model obtained after inversion through construction mode constraints is significantly improved compared with the imaging effect of the previous conventional modeling method.

[0084] In this embodiment, a regional tectonic and evolutionary model is first established through ground geological surveys, and then the correctness of the geological model is verified through physical simulation experiments and numerical simulation experiments. By establishing a method for interpreting stratigraphic layers and filling velocity data constrained by a complex tectonic model, the problem of inaccurate velocity modeling in complex tectonic regions is solved. Compared with conventional velocity modeling methods, the velocity model established by this method can more accurately establish a velocity model that conforms to geological conditions, and is a good way to solve the problem of velocity modeling in complex piedmont zones.

[0085] Corresponding to the above embodiments, this application also provides a velocity modeling device for foreland zones based on tectonic mode constraints.

[0086] See Figure 5This is a structural block diagram of a velocity modeling device for piedmont zones based on tectonic mode constraints provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 5 As shown, it mainly includes the following modules.

[0087] The geological outcrop analysis module 501 is used to determine the deformation pattern and detachment layer distribution within the target area through geological outcrop analysis.

[0088] The detachment layer structural feature determination module 502 is used to perform time-frequency electromagnetic acquisition on the target area and interpret the profile through time-frequency electromagnetic profile to obtain the structural features of the detachment layer in the target area.

[0089] The structural model determination module 503 for the target area is used to interpret the structural horizon on the seismic profile based on the deformation mode and detachment layer distribution in the target area, as well as the structural characteristics of the detachment layer in the target area, to obtain the structural model of the target area.

[0090] The velocity model volume determination module 504 is used to combine the construction model of the target area with the logging velocity in the work area of ​​the target area to obtain the velocity model volume in three-dimensional space.

[0091] CIP gather determination module 505 is used to perform depth offset processing on the velocity model volume as the initial velocity model to obtain the offset CIP gather.

[0092] The remaining time difference determination module 506 is used to pick up the curvature of the in-phase axis within the CIP gather, and then obtain the remaining time difference;

[0093] The update velocity model volume determination module 507 is used to take the construction model of the target region as prior information, and perform construction model constraint tomography velocity inversion through the remaining time difference to obtain the update velocity model volume.

[0094] See Figure 6 This is a structural block diagram of another velocity modeling device for piedmont zones based on tectonic mode constraints provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 6 As shown, it is in Figure 5 The device shown also includes the following modules.

[0095] The iteration module 508 is used to take the updated velocity model volume as the new initial velocity model volume and repeat the steps of the CIP gather determination module, the remaining time difference determination module and the updated velocity model volume determination module until the imaging result that meets the requirements is obtained.

[0096] In one possible implementation, the geological outcrop analysis module 501 is specifically used to: conduct field observations of the basement surface and the main sedimentary strata, respectively, and determine the deformation pattern and detachment layer distribution within the target area.

[0097] In one possible implementation, the formula for tomographic velocity inversion is:

[0098]

[0099] Where Δt is the discrete form of the residual time difference, Δs i For the slow perturbation of the i-th grid point; l i Let be the ray length within the i-th grid.

[0100] In this embodiment, a regional tectonic and evolutionary model is first established through ground geological surveys, and then the correctness of the geological model is verified through physical simulation experiments and numerical simulation experiments. By establishing a method for interpreting stratigraphic layers and filling velocity data constrained by a complex tectonic model, the problem of inaccurate velocity modeling in complex tectonic regions is solved. Compared with conventional velocity modeling methods, the velocity model established by this method can more accurately establish a velocity model that conforms to geological conditions, and is a good way to solve the problem of velocity modeling in complex piedmont zones.

[0101] For details regarding the specific content involved in the embodiments of this application, please refer to the description of the above method embodiments. For the sake of brevity, these details will not be repeated here.

[0102] Corresponding to the above embodiments, this application also provides an electronic device.

[0103] See Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 7 As shown, the electronic device 700 may include a processor 701, a memory 702, and a communication unit 703. These components communicate via one or more buses. Those skilled in the art will understand that the electronic device structure shown in the figures does not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of this application. It may be a bus topology or a star topology, and may include more or fewer components than shown, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0104] The communication unit 703 is used to establish a communication channel, thereby enabling the electronic device to communicate with other devices.

[0105] The processor 701 serves as the control center of the electronic device, connecting various parts of the device via various interfaces and lines. It executes software programs and / or modules stored in the memory 702, and calls data stored in the memory to perform various functions and / or process data. The processor can be composed of integrated circuits (ICs), such as a single packaged IC or multiple packaged ICs with the same or different functions connected together. For example, the processor 701 may consist only of a central processing unit (CPU). In this embodiment, the CPU may have a single processing core or include multiple processing cores.

[0106] Memory 702 is used to store the execution instructions of processor 701. Memory 702 can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, such as static random access memory (SRAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), read-only memory (ROM), magnetic storage, flash memory, magnetic disk or optical disk.

[0107] When the execution instructions in memory 702 are executed by processor 701, the electronic device 700 is able to perform some or all of the steps in the above method embodiments.

[0108] Corresponding to the above embodiments, this application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium may store a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, it may implement some or all of the steps in the above method embodiments.

[0109] In specific implementations, the computer-readable storage medium can be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a read-only memory (ROM), or a random access memory (RAM), etc.

[0110] Corresponding to the above embodiments, this application also provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program that, when executed by a processor, can implement some or all of the steps in the above method embodiments.

[0111] In this application embodiment, "at least one" refers to one or more, and "more than one" refers to two or more. "And / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent the existence of A alone, the simultaneous existence of A and B, or the existence of B alone. A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects are in an "or" relationship. "At least one of the following" and similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b, and c can represent: a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0112] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps described in the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented using electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of electronic hardware and software. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0113] Those skilled in the art will understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0114] In the several embodiments provided in this application, any function, if implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0115] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the protection scope of this application. The protection scope of this application should be determined by the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for velocity modeling in piedmont zones based on tectonic mode constraints, characterized in that, include: Step S101: Determine the deformation pattern and detachment layer distribution within the target area through geological outcrop analysis; Step S102: Perform time-frequency electromagnetic data acquisition on the target area and interpret the profile through time-frequency electromagnetic profiles to obtain the structural features of the slip layer within the target area; Step S103: Based on the deformation pattern and detachment layer distribution in the target area, as well as the structural characteristics of the detachment layers in the target area, perform structural horizon interpretation on the seismic profile to obtain the structural model of the target area; Step S104: Combine the structural model of the target area with the logging velocity in the work area of ​​the target area to obtain a velocity model body in three-dimensional space; Step S105: Use the velocity model volume as the initial velocity model for depth offset processing to obtain the offset CIP gather; Step S106: Pick the curvature of the in-phase axis within the CIP gather to obtain the remaining time difference; Step S107: Using the construction model of the target region as prior information, perform construction model constraint tomography velocity inversion through the remaining time difference to obtain the updated velocity model body.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: Step S108: Use the updated velocity model as the new initial velocity model, and repeat steps S105 to S108 until the desired imaging result is obtained.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S101 specifically includes: Field observations were conducted on the basement surface and major sedimentary strata to determine the deformation patterns and detachment layer distribution within the target area.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The formula for the chromatography velocity inversion is: Where Δt is the discrete form of the residual time difference, Δs i For the slow perturbation of the i-th grid point; l i Let be the ray length within the i-th grid.

5. A velocity modeling device for piedmont zones based on tectonic mode constraints, characterized in that, include: The geological outcrop analysis module is used to determine the deformation pattern and detachment layer distribution within the target area through geological outcrop analysis. The detachment layer structural feature determination module is used to perform time-frequency electromagnetic data acquisition on the target area and interpret the profile through time-frequency electromagnetic profile to obtain the structural features of the detachment layer in the target area. The structural model determination module for the target area is used to interpret the structural horizon on the seismic profile based on the deformation mode and detachment layer distribution within the target area, as well as the structural characteristics of the detachment layers within the target area, to obtain the structural model of the target area. The velocity model volume determination module is used to combine the construction model of the target area with the logging velocity in the work area of ​​the target area to obtain the velocity model volume in three-dimensional space. The CIP gather determination module is used to perform depth offset processing on the velocity model volume as the initial velocity model to obtain the offset CIP gather. The remaining time difference determination module is used to pick up the curvature of the in-phase axis within the CIP gather, and then obtain the remaining time difference; The update velocity model volume determination module is used to take the construction model of the target region as prior information, and perform construction model constraint tomography velocity inversion through the remaining time difference to obtain the update velocity model volume.

6. The apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that, Also includes: An iterative module is used to take the updated velocity model volume as a new initial velocity model volume and repeat the steps of the CIP gather determination module, the remaining time difference determination module, and the updated velocity model volume determination module until the required imaging results are obtained.

7. The apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that, The geological outcrop analysis module is specifically used for: Field observations were conducted on the basement surface and major sedimentary strata to determine the deformation patterns and detachment layer distribution within the target area.

8. The apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that, The formula for the chromatography velocity inversion is: Where Δt is the discrete form of the residual time difference, Δs i For the slow perturbation of the i-th grid point; l i Let be the ray length within the i-th grid.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: processor; Memory; And a computer program, wherein the computer program is stored in the memory, and when executed by the processor, the computer program implements the method of any one of claims 1-4.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method described in any one of claims 1-4.

11. A computer program product, characterized in that, The computer program product includes a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method described in any one of claims 1-4.

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