High-density and high-toughness energetic tungsten alloy and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a high-density and high-toughness energetic tungsten alloy and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of alloy materials. The alloy comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 15-75% of W, 5-45% of Ta, 5-25% of Nb, 5-25% of Zr, 50% < = W + Ta < = 85%, and 0 < = M < = 20%. M is more than one of Ti, Hf and Mo; multi-element alloying is used for regulating and controlling atomic interaction, Ta and Nb elements are introduced, and the Ta and Nb elements are preferentially combined with Zr by utilizing relatively high interatomic interaction energy between the Ta and Nb elements and Zr, so that direct reaction of W and Zr is blocked, and generation of tungsten-zirconium brittle intermetallic compounds is avoided from the source. The tungsten alloy has high plasticity while having high strength and high density.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a high-density, high-strength, and high-toughness energetic tungsten alloy and its preparation method, belonging to the field of alloy materials technology. Background Technology

[0002] Tungsten-zirconium alloy combines the high density and strength of tungsten with the high energy release properties of zirconium. When used as a fragmentation material in warheads, its high density and strength allow it to penetrate and resonate with targets, while the reactive element zirconium reacts violently with oxygen to release energy, resulting in combined penetrating, explosive, and incendiary damage to the target, significantly enhancing its destructive power.

[0003] Currently, the mainstream preparation process for tungsten-zirconium alloys is powder metallurgy. This process involves uniformly mixing tungsten and zirconium powders, pressing them in a mold, and then sintering them at high temperatures (1400-2200℃) to complete the forming. However, the powder metallurgy process requires high-temperature and long-term holding (generally 2-12 hours) to ensure alloy densification. This can easily lead to the reaction between tungsten and zirconium to form brittle W₂Zr intermetallic compounds, causing a sharp deterioration in the mechanical properties of the tungsten-zirconium alloy (no macroscopic plasticity), making it difficult to withstand the detonation loading of the warhead and severely limiting its applications. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of this invention is to provide a high-density, high-strength, and high-toughness energetic tungsten alloy and its preparation method. This tungsten alloy possesses both high strength and high density, as well as high ductility.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows.

[0006] A method for preparing a high-density, high-strength, and high-toughness energetic tungsten alloy, wherein the alloy has the following chemical composition by mass percentage: W 15%~75%, Ta 5%~45%, Nb 5%~25%, Zr 5%~25%, 50%≤W+Ta≤85%, 0≤M≤20%; M is one or more of Ti, Hf, and Mo; the method includes the following steps:

[0007] (1) Under a protective gas atmosphere, the raw materials tantalum powder, niobium powder, zirconium hydride powder and metal powder of element M are mechanically alloyed to obtain alloy powder; (2) Under a protective gas atmosphere, the alloy powder and the raw material tungsten powder are mixed evenly to obtain a mixed powder; (3) Under a protective gas atmosphere, the mixed powder is subjected to step-by-step rapid hot pressing sintering. In the first stage, the temperature is raised to 980~1020℃ at a heating rate of 60℃ / min or higher and held for 10~15min. In the second stage, the temperature is raised to 1200~1500℃ at a heating rate of 10~50℃ / min lower than that of the first stage and held at 10~100MPa for 10~30min. After the holding is completed, a high-density, high-strength and high-toughness energetic tungsten alloy is obtained.

[0008] Preferably, the chemical composition of the alloy is as follows (by mass percentage): W 35%~65%, Ta 15%~35%, Nb 10%~20%, Zr 5%~20%, M 0%~10%.

[0009] Preferably, in step (1), the Fisher particle size of the tantalum powder, niobium powder and the metal powder of element M is 40~60μm, respectively; and the Fisher particle size of the zirconium hydride powder is 30~50μm.

[0010] Preferably, in step (1), mechanical alloying is carried out by ball milling, with a ball milling speed of 100~400 rpm, a ball-to-material ratio of 2~3:1, and a ball milling time of 10~20 h.

[0011] Preferably, in step (2), the tungsten powder has a Fisher particle size of 3~10μm.

[0012] Preferably, in step (2), ball milling or vibration mixing is used. More preferably, when ball milling is used, the ball milling speed is 100~400 rpm, the ball-to-material ratio is 2~3:1, and the ball milling time is 2~5 h.

[0013] Preferably, in step (3), the mixed powder is loaded into a graphite mold, and a layer of metal foil is placed on the inner wall of the graphite mold. The melting point of the metal foil is more than 150°C higher than the temperature of rapid hot pressing sintering. More preferably, the metal foil is tantalum foil, zirconium foil, or titanium foil, with a thickness ≤0.05mm.

[0014] Preferably, in step (3), the heating rate in the first stage is 60~100℃ / min.

[0015] Preferably, in step (3), the heating rate in the second stage is 30~50℃ / min.

[0016] Preferably, in step (3), the pressure in the second stage is 30~80MPa.

[0017] A high-density, high-strength, and high-toughness energetic tungsten alloy was prepared by the above method.

[0018] Preferably, the density of the tungsten alloy is 11 g / cm³. 3 The dynamic fracture strength is above 2000MPa and the dynamic fracture strain is above 25%.

[0019] Beneficial effects This invention utilizes multi-element alloying to regulate atomic interactions. By introducing Ta and Nb elements, and taking advantage of their high interatomic interaction energy with Zr, they preferentially combine with Zr, thereby blocking the direct reaction between W and Zr and preventing the formation of brittle tungsten-zirconium intermetallic compounds from the source.

[0020] This invention employs a stepwise ball milling process: First, Ta-Nb-Zr is mechanically alloyed, with the ball milling time appropriately extended to allow Zr to fully dissolve in the matrix while retaining some unalloyed Ta; then, the pre-alloyed TaNbZr powder is briefly and uniformly mixed with W powder to avoid introducing impurities during prolonged ball milling. This method both inhibits the harmful reaction between Zr and W through Zr pre-solidification and utilizes unalloyed Ta as a plastic phase, thereby improving plastic deformation capacity while maintaining alloy density.

[0021] This invention employs a segmented temperature-controlled sintering process to improve the overall heating rate and shorten the heating cycle while ensuring temperature uniformity: the low-temperature segment heats up rapidly and holds for a short time to achieve temperature uniformity, while the high-temperature segment heats up at a moderate rate, balancing heating efficiency and temperature field uniformity to avoid localized temperature differences. Simultaneously, pressure is applied during the high-temperature sintering stage to accelerate the densification process, significantly reducing the holding time from over 2 hours to less than 30 minutes, minimizing element diffusion and reducing tungsten content. The nucleation and coarsening tendency of zirconium brittle intermetallic compounds ensures the toughness of the alloy matrix. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 Microstructure diagram of the tungsten-containing active material prepared in Example 1; Figure 2 The image shows the X-ray diffraction pattern of the tungsten-containing active material prepared in Example 1. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0024] This invention provides a high-density, high-strength, and high-toughness energetic tungsten alloy, wherein the chemical composition of the alloy is as follows (by mass percentage): W 15%~75%, Ta 5%~45%, Nb 5%~25%, Zr 5%~25%, 50%≤W+Ta≤85%, 0≤M≤20%; wherein M is one or more of Ti, Hf, and Mo.

[0025] The high-density, high-strength, and high-toughness energetic tungsten alloy provided by this invention comprises 50% ≤ W + Ta ≤ 85% by weight, and in specific embodiments, this can be 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 80%, or 85%. This invention controls the W + Ta content to be 50%~85%, resulting in a material density of 11 g / cm³. 3 The above ensures the high strength of tungsten-containing active materials, giving them kinetic energy penetration capabilities. Simultaneously, Ta, as a toughening phase, can improve the material's plastic deformation capacity.

[0026] The high-density, high-strength, and high-toughness energetic tungsten alloy provided by this invention comprises 5% to 25% Zr by weight, and in specific embodiments, it can be 5%, 8%, 15%, 20%, or 25%. By controlling the Zr content within the above range, this invention ensures that the material has a certain degree of activity.

[0027] The high-density, high-strength, and high-toughness energetic tungsten alloy provided by this invention comprises 5% to 25% Nb, which can be 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, or 25% in specific embodiments. This invention controls the Nb content within the above range so that it can combine with Zr and prevent the formation of the brittle W2Zr phase.

[0028] This invention provides a method for preparing the high-density, high-strength, and high-toughness energetic tungsten alloy described above, comprising the following steps: Weigh the raw material powders corresponding to each element according to the above composition, including tungsten powder, zirconium hydride powder, tantalum powder, niobium powder, and metal powders of other additional elements. Industrial-grade powders are preferred, with a purity greater than or equal to 95 wt%. The Fisher particle size of the tantalum powder, niobium powder, and element M is 40-60 μm; the Fisher particle size of the zirconium hydride powder is 30-50 μm; and the Fisher particle size of the tungsten powder is 3-10 μm.

[0029] First, tantalum powder, niobium powder, zirconium hydride powder, and metal powder of element M are ball-milled to obtain a uniformly mixed powder.

[0030] In this process, the powder is weighed in a glove box under an argon atmosphere, where the pressure is greater than the standard atmospheric pressure. The powder is then ball-milled in a planetary ball mill for a preferred time of 10-20 hours, which can be 10 hours, 12 hours, 16 hours, 18 hours, or 20 hours in specific embodiments; the rotation speed is 100-400 r / min, and the ball-to-powder ratio is 2-3:1.

[0031] The alloy powder was then mixed with tungsten powder through a second ball milling process.

[0032] In this invention, the mixing is carried out in a planetary ball mill or a vibratory mixer, and the mixing time is 2 to 5 hours. In specific embodiments, it can be 2 hours, 3 hours, or 5 hours.

[0033] After obtaining the mixed powder, the present invention preferably sieves the mixed powder in a vacuum glove box with a mesh size of 100, and takes the sieved material for subsequent steps.

[0034] The mixed powder is loaded into a graphite mold, and a layer of high-melting-point metal foil (such as tantalum foil, zirconium foil, or titanium foil, with a thickness ≤0.05mm and a melting point ≤150℃ above the sintering temperature) is placed on the inner wall of the graphite mold. Then, rapid hot pressing sintering is performed under a vacuum atmosphere. The sintering temperature is 1200~1500℃, the pressure is 30~80MPa, and the holding time is 10~30min.

[0035] In this invention, the rapid hot-pressing sintering temperature range is 1200~1500℃, and in the embodiments, 1300℃, 1350℃, 1400℃, 1450℃, or 1500℃ can be selected; the sintering pressure range is 10~100MPa, and in the embodiments, 30MPa, 40MPa, 60MPa, or 80MPa can be used; the sintering time is controlled within 10~30min, specifically 10min, 20min, or 30min. The process is preferably carried out under a vacuum atmosphere; if a vacuum atmosphere is used, its vacuum degree should be better than 50Pa.

[0036] The present invention uses a metal foil lining inside a graphite mold, the main purpose of which is to prevent the powdered material from directly contacting the graphite mold. If the two come into contact, the carbon element in the graphite will react with the active component zirconium at high temperatures, thereby significantly increasing the brittleness of the tungsten-zirconium active material.

[0037] Unless otherwise specified, all raw materials used in this invention are commercially available products well known in the art.

[0038] The following detailed description of the tungsten-zirconium active material and its preparation method provided by the present invention, with reference to the embodiments, should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] Example 1 (1) Preparation of 45W25Ta15Nb15Zr alloy powder (the number before the element is the mass percentage of the element in the alloy, the same below): Weigh tungsten powder, tantalum powder, niobium powder and zirconium hydride powder in a vacuum glove box according to the alloy ratio.

[0040] (2) Weigh out the metal powders other than tungsten and put them into a ball mill jar. Pour argon gas for protection and perform planetary ball milling for 18 hours. The milling speed is 300 r / min and the ball-to-material ratio is 3:1.

[0041] (3) Mix the tungsten powder with the well-mixed alloy powder, purge with argon gas, and perform planetary ball milling for 2 hours at a speed of 300 r / min and a ball-to-material ratio of 3:1. This ensures that W is uniformly mixed in the matrix.

[0042] (4) The ball-milled metal powder is sieved in a vacuum glove box with a mesh size of 100, and the sieve material is collected.

[0043] (5) Place the titanium foil (thickness of 0.05 mm) into the graphite mold, and then put the sieved material obtained in step (4) into the mold and vibrate it.

[0044] (6) Place the mold containing alloy powder in a rapid hot pressing sintering furnace, evacuate to below 50 Pa, heat to 1000 °C at a heating rate of 60 °C / min, hold for 10 min to ensure uniform heating of the material. Then heat to sintering temperature of 1450 °C at a heating rate of 30 °C / min, hold for 30 min, and sinter at a pressure of 50 MPa. After holding, cool with the furnace to obtain tungsten-containing active material.

[0045] The obtained tungsten-zirconium active material was sampled, the alloy microstructure was observed, and room temperature quasi-static compression properties (GB / T 7314-2005) and dynamic compression tests (GJB 8799-2015) were performed. The results are shown in Table 1. Figure 1 and Figure 2 .

[0046] Table 1

[0047] The final material density is close to the theoretical density, proving that the material has good sintering density.

[0048] Figure 1 The image shows the microstructure of the tungsten-zirconium active material prepared in Example 1. Figure 1 As can be seen from the figure, the addition of Ta and Nb generates the TaNbZr phase. At the same time, it can be seen from the figure that Ta is distributed in the material matrix as a toughening phase. The combination of TaNbZr and the rapid and short sintering reduce the diffusion between W and Zr, and ultimately suppress the formation of the W2Zr phase.

[0049] Figure 2 The image shows the X-ray diffraction pattern of the tungsten-zirconium active material prepared in Example 1. The image shows that there are two BCC phases and one HCP phase in the material. The dual-phase BCC structure improves the plasticity of the material.

[0050] Example 2 (1) Preparation of 65W15Ta12Nb8Zr alloy powder (the number before the element is the mass percentage of the element in the alloy, the same below): Weigh tungsten powder, tantalum powder, niobium powder and zirconium hydride powder in a vacuum glove box according to the alloy ratio.

[0051] (2) Weigh out the metal powders other than tungsten and put them into a ball mill jar. Pour argon gas for protection and perform planetary ball milling for 16 hours at a speed of 300 r / min and a ball-to-material ratio of 3:1.

[0052] (3) Mix the tungsten powder with the mixed alloy powder, purge with argon gas, and perform planetary ball milling for 3 hours at a speed of 300 r / min and a ball-to-material ratio of 3:1.

[0053] (4) The ball-milled metal powder is sieved in a vacuum glove box with a mesh size of 100, and the sieve material is collected.

[0054] (5) Place the titanium foil (thickness of 0.05 mm) into the graphite mold, and then put the sieved material obtained in step (4) into the mold and vibrate it.

[0055] (6) Place the mold containing alloy powder in a rapid hot pressing sintering furnace, evacuate to below 50 Pa, heat to 1000 °C at a heating rate of 70 °C / min, hold for 12 min to ensure uniform heating of the material. Then heat to sintering temperature of 1500 °C at a heating rate of 30 °C / min, hold for 10 min, and sinter at a pressure of 80 MPa. After holding, cool with the furnace to obtain tungsten-containing active material.

[0056] The obtained tungsten-zirconium active material was sampled, the alloy microstructure was observed, and room temperature quasi-static compression performance was tested (GB / T 7314-2005) and dynamic compression test (GJB 8799-2015). The results are shown in Table 2.

[0057] Table 2

[0058] The final material density is close to the theoretical density, proving that the material has good sintering density.

[0059] Example 3 (1) Preparation of 37W33Ta20Nb10Zr alloy powder: tungsten powder, tantalum powder, niobium powder and zirconium hydride powder were weighed in a vacuum glove box according to the alloy ratio.

[0060] (2) Weigh out the metal powders other than tungsten and put them into a ball mill jar. Pour argon gas for protection and perform planetary ball milling for 20 hours at a speed of 300 r / min and a ball-to-material ratio of 3:1.

[0061] (3) Mix the tungsten powder with the mixed alloy powder, purge with argon gas, and perform planetary ball milling for 2 hours at a speed of 300 r / min and a ball-to-material ratio of 3:1.

[0062] (4) The ball-milled metal powder is sieved in a vacuum glove box with a mesh size of 100, and the sieve material is collected.

[0063] (5) Place the titanium foil (thickness of 0.05 mm) into the graphite mold, and then put the sieved material obtained in step (4) into the mold and vibrate it.

[0064] (6) Place the mold containing alloy powder in a rapid hot pressing sintering furnace, evacuate to below 50 Pa, heat to 1000 °C at a heating rate of 80 °C / min, hold for 15 min to ensure uniform heating of the material. Then heat to sintering temperature of 1400 °C at a heating rate of 40 °C / min, hold for 20 min, and sinter at a pressure of 60 MPa. After holding, cool with the furnace to obtain tungsten-containing active material.

[0065] The obtained tungsten-zirconium active material was sampled, the alloy microstructure was observed, and room temperature quasi-static compression performance and dynamic compression test were conducted. The results are shown in Table 3.

[0066] Table 3

[0067] The final material density is close to the theoretical density, proving that the material has good sintering density.

[0068] Example 4 (1) Preparation of 40W20Ta5Hf15Nb20Zr alloy powder: tungsten powder, tantalum powder, hafnium powder, niobium powder and zirconium hydride powder were weighed in a vacuum glove box according to the alloy ratio.

[0069] (2) Weigh out the metal powders other than tungsten and put them into a ball mill jar. Pour argon gas for protection and perform planetary ball milling for 16 hours at a speed of 300 r / min and a ball-to-material ratio of 3:1.

[0070] (3) Mix the tungsten powder with the mixed alloy powder, purge with argon gas, and perform planetary ball milling for 4 hours at a speed of 300 r / min and a ball-to-material ratio of 3:1.

[0071] (4) The ball-milled metal powder is sieved in a vacuum glove box with a mesh size of 100, and the sieve material is collected.

[0072] (5) Place the titanium foil (thickness of 0.05 mm) into the graphite mold, and then put the sieved material obtained in step (4) into the mold and vibrate it.

[0073] (6) Place the mold containing alloy powder in a rapid hot pressing sintering furnace, evacuate to below 50 Pa, heat to 1000 °C at a heating rate of 100 °C / min, hold for 15 min to ensure uniform heating of the material. Then heat to sintering temperature of 1350 °C at a heating rate of 50 °C / min, hold for 20 min, and sinter at a pressure of 30 MPa. After holding, cool with the furnace to obtain tungsten-containing active material.

[0074] The obtained tungsten-zirconium active material was sampled, the alloy microstructure was observed, and room temperature quasi-static compression performance and dynamic compression test were performed. The results are shown in Table 4.

[0075] Table 4

[0076] The final material density is close to the theoretical density, proving that the material has good sintering density.

[0077] Example 5 (1) Preparation of 75W5Ta15Nb5Zr alloy powder: tungsten powder, zirconium hydride powder, tantalum powder and niobium powder were weighed in a vacuum glove box according to the alloy ratio.

[0078] (2) Weigh the metal powders other than tungsten powder and put them into a ball mill jar. Pour argon gas for protection and then perform planetary ball milling for 12 hours at a speed of 300 r / min. The ball-to-material ratio is 3:1.

[0079] (3) Mix the tungsten powder with the mixed alloy powder, purge with argon gas, and perform planetary ball milling for 5 hours at a speed of 300 r / min and a ball-to-material ratio of 3:1.

[0080] (4) The ball-milled metal powder is sieved in a vacuum glove box with a mesh size of 100, and the sieve material is collected.

[0081] (5) Place the titanium foil (thickness of 0.05 mm) into the graphite mold, and then put the sieved material obtained in step (4) into the mold and vibrate it.

[0082] (6) Place the mold containing alloy powder in a rapid hot pressing sintering furnace, evacuate to below 50 Pa, heat to 1000 °C at a heating rate of 60 °C / min, hold for 12 min to ensure uniform heating of the material. Then heat to sintering temperature of 1500 °C at a heating rate of 30 °C / min, hold for 30 min, and sinter at a pressure of 60 MPa. After holding, cool with the furnace to obtain tungsten-containing active material.

[0083] The obtained tungsten-zirconium active material was sampled, the alloy microstructure was observed, and room temperature quasi-static compression performance and dynamic compression test were conducted. The results are shown in Table 5.

[0084] Table 5

[0085] Comparative Example 1 The difference from Example 1 lies in the use of a vibration mixing method for powder blending, the specific steps of which are as follows: (1) Preparation of 45W25Ta15Nb15Zr alloy powder (the number before the element is the mass percentage of the element in the alloy): Weigh tungsten powder, zirconium hydride powder, niobium powder and tantalum powder in a vacuum glove box according to the alloy ratio.

[0086] (2) Put all the weighed powder into a ball mill jar, fill it with argon gas for protection, mix the powder in a vibrating mixer for 12 hours, and then sieve it in a vacuum glove box with a mesh size of 100. Take the sieve material.

[0087] (3) Place the titanium foil into the graphite mold, then put the sieved material obtained in step (2) into the mold and vibrate it.

[0088] (4) Place the mold containing alloy powder in a rapid hot pressing sintering furnace, evacuate to below 50 Pa, heat to 1000 °C at a heating rate of 60 °C / min, hold for 10 min to ensure uniform heating of the material. Then heat to sintering temperature of 1450 °C at a heating rate of 30 °C / min, hold for 30 min, and sinter at a pressure of 50 MPa. After holding, cool with the furnace to obtain tungsten-containing active material.

[0089] The obtained tungsten-zirconium active material was sampled, the alloy microstructure was observed, and room temperature quasi-static compression performance and dynamic compression test were conducted. The results are shown in Table 6.

[0090] Table 6

[0091] Compared to Example 1, the formation of the W2Zr phase in the blending process resulted in a significant decrease in the strength and plasticity of the material.

[0092] Comparative Example 2 The difference from Example 1 is that Ta was not added. The specific steps are as follows: (1) Preparation of 65W15Nb20Zr alloy powder: tungsten powder, niobium powder and zirconium hydride powder were weighed in a vacuum glove box according to the alloy ratio.

[0093] (2) Weigh out the metal powders other than tungsten and put them into a ball mill jar. Pour argon gas for protection and perform planetary ball milling for 18 hours. The speed is 300 r / min and the ball-to-material ratio is 3:1.

[0094] (3) Mix the tungsten powder with the mixed alloy powder, purge with argon gas, and perform planetary ball milling for 4 hours at a speed of 300 r / min and a ball-to-material ratio of 3:1.

[0095] (4) The ball-milled metal powder is sieved in a vacuum glove box with a mesh size of 100, and the sieve material is collected.

[0096] (5) Place the titanium foil (thickness of 0.05 mm) into the graphite mold, and then put the sieved material obtained in step (4) into the mold and vibrate it.

[0097] (6) Place the mold containing alloy powder in a rapid hot pressing sintering furnace, evacuate to below 50 Pa, heat to 1000 °C at a heating rate of 60 °C / min, hold for 10 min to ensure uniform heating of the material. Then heat to sintering temperature of 1500 °C at a heating rate of 30 °C / min, hold for 30 min, and sinter at a pressure of 50 MPa. After holding, cool with the furnace to obtain tungsten-containing active material.

[0098] The obtained tungsten-zirconium active material was sampled, the alloy microstructure was observed, and room temperature quasi-static compression performance and dynamic compression test were conducted. The results are shown in Table 7.

[0099] Table 7

[0100] Compared with Example 1, the plasticizing effect of the toughening phase Ta is lost, and a large amount of brittle W2Zr phase is generated in the body, resulting in a significant decrease in the plasticity of the material.

[0101] In summary, the invention includes, but is not limited to, the above embodiments. Any equivalent substitutions or partial improvements made under the spirit and principles of this invention shall be considered to be within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a high-density, high-strength, and high-toughness energetic tungsten alloy, characterized in that: The alloy has the following chemical composition by mass percentage: W 15%~75%, Ta 5%~45%, Nb 5%~25%, Zr 5%~25%, 50%≤W+Ta≤85%, 0≤M≤20%; M is one or more of Ti, Hf, and Mo; the method steps include: (1) Under a protective gas atmosphere, the raw materials tantalum powder, niobium powder, zirconium hydride powder and metal powder of element M are mechanically alloyed to obtain alloy powder; (2) Under a protective gas atmosphere, the alloy powder and the raw material tungsten powder are mixed evenly to obtain a mixed powder; (3) Under a protective gas atmosphere, the mixed powder is subjected to step-by-step rapid hot pressing sintering. In the first stage, the temperature is raised to 980~1020℃ at a heating rate of 60℃ / min or higher and held for 10~15min. In the second stage, the temperature is raised to 1200~1500℃ at a heating rate of 10~50℃ / min lower than that of the first stage and held at 10~100MPa for 10~30min. After the holding is completed, a high-density, high-strength and high-toughness energetic tungsten alloy is obtained.

2. The method for preparing a high-density, high-strength, and high-toughness energetic tungsten alloy as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Preferably, the chemical composition of the alloy is as follows (by mass percentage): W 35%~65%, Ta 15%~35%, Nb 10%~20%, Zr 5%~20%, and Mo~10%.

3. The method for preparing a high-density, high-strength, and high-toughness energetic tungsten alloy as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: In step (1), the Fisher particle size of the tantalum powder, niobium powder and the metal powder of element M is 40~60μm, respectively; the Fisher particle size of the zirconium hydride powder is 30~50μm.

4. The method for preparing a high-density, high-strength, and high-toughness energetic tungsten alloy as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: In step (1), mechanical alloying is carried out by ball milling. The ball milling speed is 100~400 rpm, the ball-to-material ratio is 2~3:1, and the ball milling time is 10~20h.

5. A method for preparing a high-density, high-strength, and high-toughness energetic tungsten alloy as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: In step (2), the tungsten powder has a Fisher particle size of 3~10μm.

6. The method for preparing a high-density, high-strength, and high-toughness energetic tungsten alloy as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: In step (2), ball milling or vibration mixing is used; preferably, when ball milling is used, the ball milling speed is 100~400 rpm, the ball-to-material ratio is 2~3:1, and the ball milling time is 2~5h.

7. The method for preparing a high-density, high-strength, and high-toughness energetic tungsten alloy as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: In step (3), the mixed powder is loaded into a graphite mold, and a layer of metal foil is placed on the inner wall of the graphite mold. The melting point of the metal foil is more than 150°C higher than the temperature of rapid hot pressing sintering. Preferably, the metal foil is tantalum foil, zirconium foil or titanium foil, and the thickness is ≤0.05mm.

8. A method for preparing a high-density, high-strength, and high-toughness energetic tungsten alloy as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: In step (3), the heating rate in the first stage is 60~100℃ / min; And / or, the heating rate in the second stage is 30~50℃ / min; And / or, the pressure in the second stage is 30~80MPa.

9. A high-density, high-strength, and high-toughness energetic tungsten alloy, characterized in that: It is prepared by the method described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A high-density, high-strength, and high-toughness energetic tungsten alloy as described in claim 9, characterized in that: The density of the tungsten alloy is 11 g / cm³. 3 The dynamic fracture strength is above 2000MPa and the dynamic fracture strain is above 25%.

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