Terminal and communication method

Abstract

A terminal is provided with: a control unit which, by executing asymmetric transform precoding between a layer mapping and an antenna port mapping, generates a DFT-s-OFDM (Discrete Fourier Transform-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) signal, and, by executing the asymmetric transform precoding between the layer mapping and the antenna port mapping, generates a DFT-s-OFDM (Discrete Fourier Transform-Space-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) signal; and a transmission unit that transmits the DFT-s-OFDM signal, and the control unit sets a parameter relating to the asymmetric transform precoding.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to terminals and communication methods in wireless communication systems. Background Technology

[0002] Within the 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project), research was conducted on wireless communication methods known as 5G or NR (New Radio) to further increase system capacity, improve data transmission speed, and reduce latency in the radio space. In 5G, various wireless technologies and network architectures were researched to meet the requirements of achieving throughput of over 10Gbps and radio latency of less than 1ms (e.g., Non-Patent Literature 1 and Non-Patent Literature 2).

[0003] Furthermore, various requirements for next-generation 6G were further investigated. These requirements include ultra-broadband communication, mission-critical communication, ultra-massive connection, universal coverage, intelligent connection, and ubiquitous sensing.

[0004] To achieve this requirement, a new concept is being developed that aims to be extensible (e.g., able to be used effectively in the future), easy-operational, customizable (e.g., easier to use), and sustainable (e.g., cost reduction, becoming a more robust structure, and having resilience). Additionally, as a form of guaranteed communication, research is underway to consistently guarantee minimum performance.

[0005] Existing technical documents

[0006] Non-patent literature

[0007] Non-patent document 1: 3GPP TS 38.300 V17.6.0 (2023-09)

[0008] Non-patent document 2: 3GPP TS 38.401 V17.6.0 (2023-09)

[0009] Non-patent document 3: 3GPP TS 38.211 V17.6.0 (2023-09)

[0010] Non-patent document 4: 3GPP TS 38.214 V17.7.0 (2023-09) Summary of the Invention

[0011] The problem that the invention aims to solve

[0012] Next-generation wireless communication systems require, for example, reductions in OOBE (Out of band emission), PAPR (Peak to average power ratio), and improvements in spectral efficiency (SE). While meeting these requirements, it is also necessary to avoid increasing the complexity of the transmitter.

[0013] The present invention was made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and its object is to reduce the complexity of the transmitter in a wireless communication system.

[0014] Methods for solving problems

[0015] According to the disclosed technology, a terminal is provided, comprising: a control unit that performs asymmetric transform precoding between layer mapping and antenna port mapping to generate a DFT-s-OFDM (Discrete Fourier transform-spread-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) signal; and a transmission unit that transmits the DFT-s-OFDM signal, wherein the control unit sets parameters related to the asymmetric transform precoding.

[0016] Invention Effects

[0017] According to publicly available technologies, it is possible to achieve wireless communication systems without increasing the complexity of the transmitter. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a diagram illustrating a structural example of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a diagram showing an example of a transmitter.

[0020] Figure 3This is a diagram used to illustrate an example of a transmitter.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a transmitter in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a transmitter in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a transmitter in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 7 This is a diagram used to illustrate an example of a transmitter.

[0025] Figure 8 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a transmitter in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 9 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a pre-encoder in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 10 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the functional structure of base station 10 in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 11 The figure shows an example of the functional structure of terminal 20 in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 12 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the hardware structure of a base station 10 or a terminal 20 in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 13 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the structure of a vehicle 2001 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0031] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Furthermore, the embodiments described below are merely examples, and the application of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described below.

[0032] In the operation of the wireless communication system according to embodiments of the present invention, existing technologies are appropriately used. These existing technologies include, for example, existing LTE, but are not limited to, existing LTE. Furthermore, unless otherwise stated, the term "LTE" as used in this specification has a broad meaning that includes LTE-Advanced and subsequent methods (e.g., NR).

[0033] Furthermore, in the embodiments of the present invention described below, the terms SS (Synchronization Signal), PSS (Primary SS), SSS (Secondary SS), PBCH (Physical broadcast channel), PRACH (Physical random access channel), PDCCH (Physical Downlink Control Channel), PDSCH (Physical Downlink Shared Channel), PUCCH (Physical Uplink Control Channel), and PUSCH (Physical Uplink Shared Channel) used in existing LTE systems are used. These are for ease of description, and the same signals and functions may also be referred to by other names. In addition, the above terms in NR correspond to NR-SS, NR-PSS, NR-SSS, NR-PBCH, NR-PRACH, etc. However, even signals used in NR are not necessarily explicitly written as "NR-".

[0034] Furthermore, in embodiments of the present invention, the duplex mode can be TDD (Time Division Duplex), FDD (Frequency Division Duplex), or other modes (e.g., Flexible Duplex).

[0035] Furthermore, in embodiments of the present invention, the “configure” wireless parameters can be pre-configured predetermined values ​​or wireless parameters notified from the base station 10 or the terminal 20.

[0036] Figure 1 This is a diagram illustrating an example structure of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the wireless communication system in this embodiment of the invention includes a base station 10 and a terminal 20. Figure 1 The image shows one base station 10 and one terminal 20, but this is just an example and there can be multiple terminals.

[0037] Base station 10 is a communication device that provides one or more cells and wirelessly communicates with terminal 20. The physical resources of the wireless signal are defined in the time and frequency domains. The time domain can be defined by the number of OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) symbols, and the frequency domain can be defined by the number of subcarriers or resource blocks. Base station 10 sends synchronization signals and system information to terminal 20. Synchronization signals are, for example, NR-PSS and NR-SSS. System information is transmitted, for example, via NR-PBCH, also known as broadcast information. Synchronization signals and system information can also be referred to as SSB (SS / PBCH block). Figure 1 As shown, base station 10 sends control signals or data to terminal 20 via DL (Downlink) and receives control signals or data from terminal 20 via UL (Uplink). Both base station 10 and terminal 20 are capable of beamforming for signal transmission and reception. Furthermore, both base station 10 and terminal 20 can apply MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) based communication to DL or UL. Additionally, base station 10 and terminal 20 can also communicate via CA (Carrier Aggregation) based secondary cells (SCell) and primary cells (PCell). Moreover, terminal 20 can also communicate via DC (Dual Connectivity) based primary cells of base station 10 and primary SCG cells of other base stations 10.

[0038] Terminal 20 is a communication device with wireless communication capabilities, such as a smartphone, mobile phone, tablet computer, wearable terminal, or M2M (Machine-to-Machine) communication module. Figure 1 As shown, terminal 20 receives control signals or data from base station 10 via DL and transmits control signals or data to base station 10 via UL, thereby utilizing various communication services provided by the wireless communication system. Furthermore, terminal 20 receives various reference signals transmitted from base station 10 and performs propagation path quality measurements based on the reception results of these reference signals.

[0039] Furthermore, various requirements for next-generation 6G were further investigated. For example, these requirements could include ultra-broadband communication, mission-critical communication, ultra-massive connection, universal coverage, intelligent connection, and ubiquitous sensing.

[0040] In addition, this requirement can also include ultra-high-speed communication, high-capacity communication, ultra-wide coverage, ultra-low power consumption, low cost, ultra-low latency, ultra-high reliability communication, ultra-multiple connections, and sensing.

[0041] To achieve this requirement, a new concept is being developed that aims to be extensible (e.g., able to be used effectively in the future), easy-operational, customizable (e.g., easier to use), and sustainable (e.g., cost reduction, becoming a more robust structure, and having resilience). Additionally, as a form of guaranteed communication, research is underway to consistently guarantee minimum performance.

[0042] In waveform design, two important KPIs are Spectral efficiency (SE) and Power efficiency (PE). In 5G NR, a multi-carrier CP-OFDM (Cyclic Prefix-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) with high SE is used as the center waveform. When uplink coverage is limited, a single-carrier DFT-s-OFDM (Discrete Fourier Transform-Spread-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) with high PE is supported. That is, CP-OFDM is supported in the DL (Dynamic Layer), and both CP-OFDM and DFT-s-OFDM are supported in the UL (Upper Rank).

[0043] Figure 2 This is a diagram showing an example of a transmitter. (For example...) Figure 2 As shown, in the NR transmitter, DFT spreading, sub-carrier mapping, IFFT (Inverse Fast Fourier Transform), and CP insertion are performed sequentially. Alternatively, DFT spreading can also be applied only to UL.

[0044] When comparing CP-OFDM and DFT-s-OFDM, in order to achieve the same throughput, DFT-s-OFDM requires an SNR that is, for example, 0.5 dB to 2.5 dB higher than that of CP-OFDM.

[0045] When comparing CP-OFDM and DFT-s-OFDM, at the same modulation order, DFT-s-OFDM has, for example, a PAPR gain of about 2.6 dB to 4.6 dB compared to CP-OFDM.

[0046] To achieve the four key performance indicators (KPIs) of a power amplifier (PA)—nonlinearity, high SE, high PE, and low OOBE—system designs using larger bandwidths and higher frequencies (6 GHz) are limited. Therefore, high flexibility should be considered in waveform design.

[0047] For example, in CP-OFDM, the high PAPR (PAR-to-noise ratio) causes signal distortion, thus degrading performance. Introducing additional PAPR reduction techniques increases the complexity of the CP-OFDM transmitter, requiring the transmission of additional side information.

[0048] PAPR reduction techniques for CP-OFDM include clipping and filtering. Clipping and filtering are performed repeatedly a predetermined number of times between IFFT and CP insertion. Additionally, there is selective mapping. Multiple phase sequences are taken as input, the one with the lowest PAPR is selected, input into the CP insertion, and auxiliary information is sent.

[0049] For example, DFT-s-OFDM has the advantage of achieving low PAPR in 4G and 5G UL, and is therefore adopted. Therefore, it is envisioned as a candidate for 6G waveform design.

[0050] For example, to improve the performance of DFT-s-OFDM, KPIs such as increasing SE, decreasing PAPR, decreasing OOBE, and reducing complexity can be set.

[0051] Figure 3 This is a diagram used to illustrate an example of a transmitter. In Figure 3 The diagram shows a structural example of a transmitter for enhanced DFT-s-OFDM.

[0052] like Figure 3 As shown, for CP DFT-s-OFDM, there is a CP insertion in the transmitter. In the symbol structure, CP is assigned outside the FFT sample.

[0053] like Figure 3 As shown, NCP (Null CP) DFT-s-OFDM inputs zero to M-point DFT. In the symbol structure, CP is contained within the FFT sample and is replaced with zero.

[0054] like Figure 3 As shown, UW (Unique word) DFT-s-OFDM inputs UW to M-point DFT. In the symbol structure, CP is contained within the FFT sample and is replaced with zero.

[0055] like Figure 3 As shown, NCP or UW DFT-s-OFDM, accompanied by FDSS (Frequency Domain Spectrum Shaping), inputs zero or UW to the M-point DFT and applies FDSS. In the symbol structure, CP is contained within the FFT sample and is replaced with zero or UW. FDSS is appended after DFT precoding.

[0056] like Figure 3 As shown, DFT-s-OFDM FDSS with spectral spreading performs spectral spreading and FDSS after DFT, and CP is inserted. In the symbol structure, CP is assigned outside the FFT sample. Through FDSS, the time-domain shaped pulse is modified. Through spectral spreading, the spacing of the time-domain symbols is increased.

[0057] like Figure 3 As shown, the Unified Non-Orthogonal Waveform (uNOW) performs a DFT after zero-insertion, performs data removal, and inserts a CP. In the symbol structure, the CP is assigned outside the FFT samples. Through zero-insertion and data removal before and after DFT precoding, the interval of the time-domain symbols is compressed.

[0058] For example, NCP and UW can be used to reduce OOBE. By inserting NCP or UW, the continuity of the time-domain signal can be guaranteed and OOBE can be reduced.

[0059] For example, to reduce PAPR, FDSS and FTN (Faster than Nyquist) can be used. FDSS and FTN can increase the correlation of time-domain signals and reduce PAPR.

[0060] For example, FTN can be used to improve SE. FTN modulation can increase SE.

[0061] Here, uNOW is a technology that integrates UW, FDSS, and FTN to flexibly improve the three KPIs of SE, PAPR, and OOBE simultaneously. The following is an overview of uNOW.

[0062] In the DFT-s-OFDM baseband transmitter architecture, pre-processing and post-processing are performed to achieve FTN compression (α<1) or spectrum spreading (α>1) in the time domain.

[0063] Preprocessing is zero-padding performed before cM-pointDFT. Postprocessing is data removal performed after cM-pointDFT, and FDSS can also be performed further. α is defined by b / c, where b is a parameter related to zero-padding and c is a parameter related to the number of DFT points.

[0064] The zero-padding module, acting as a preprocessing module, enables flexible time-domain compression through irregular zero insertion. The data removal and / or FDSS module, acting as a post-processing module, enables flexible spectral spreading through flexible data removal at one or both edges.

[0065] In uNOW, by supporting DFT-s-OFDM based on a unified waveform, the performance of SE, PAPR, and OOBE can be improved simultaneously.

[0066] By using irregular zero-insertion, flexible FTN compression and spectral expansion in the time domain can be achieved. For example, zero-filling can be performed by setting α1=1 in the orthogonal part and setting the other parts to the FTN compression factor α2=b / c<1. Alternatively, zero-filling can be performed by setting a certain part to the FTN compression factor α1=b1 / c<1 and setting the other parts to the spectral expansion factor α2=b2 / c>1.

[0067] Figure 4 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a transmitter in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4Shows a module comparison between a DFT-s-OFDM transmitter and a uNOW transmitter. Table 1 is a table showing the comparison of the complexity between a DFT-s-OFDM transmitter and a uNOW transmitter. As Figure 4 shown, in both the uNOW transmitter and the DFT-s-OFDM transmitter, preprocessing and postprocessing are added, and the DFT sizes are different.

[0068] [Table 1]

[0069] The complexity of the uNOW transmitter is higher than that of the DFT-s-OFDM transmitter. As shown in Table 1, the complexity increased by a larger DFT size is dominant. For example, in the case of full-bandwidth transmission, that is, in the case of 1024-point IFFT and 792-point DFT, based on the DFT-s-OFDM transmitter, the complexity is 1.4 times at α = 0.75 and 1.8 times at α = 1.25.

[0070] In addition, the comparison of complexity is carried out under the condition of achieving the same SE. M is the number of subcarriers, for example, it can be 66 RBs. L is the number of symbols, for example, it can be 14 symbols. Q is the modulation order, for example, it can be 4. b is the numerator of the compression factor α, for example, it can be 3 or 5. N is the IFFT size, for example, it can be 1024.

[0071] As described above, the complexity of the uNOW transmitter is greater than that of the DFT-s-OFDM transmitter. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the complexity of the uNOW transmitter while maintaining performance.

[0072] Here, a new transmitter uNOW-v2 is proposed. Figure 5 is a diagram for explaining an example of the transmitter in the embodiment of the present invention. As Figure 5 shown, by replacing the zero-padding, DFT expansion, and data removal modules in the uNOW transmitter with an asymmetric DFT (asymmetric DFT) matrix, a structure with reduced complexity is achieved. In addition, FDSS can be further performed.

[0073] DFT-s-OFDM uses a symmetric DFT matrix of size M. As Figure 5 shown, in uNOW-v2, in the FTN compression (α < 1) in the time domain, a long DFT matrix (Long DFT matrix) with M < Q is used, and in the spectral expansion (α > 1), a tall DFT matrix (Tall DFT matrix) with M > Q is used. When each OFDM symbol supports one α, the complexity is reduced compared to uNOW.

[0074] uNOW-v2 achieves the same level of complexity as DFT-s-OFDM. Hereinafter, the previous version of uNOW will be referred to as uNOW-v1. Figure 6 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a transmitter in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 A module comparison between the uNOW-v1 and uNOW-v2 transmitters is shown. Table 2 is a comparison of the complexity of the DFT-s-OFDM transmitter with the uNOW-v1 and uNOW-v2 transmitters.

[0075] [Table 2]

[0076] like Figure 6 As shown, in the uNOW-v1 transmitter and the uNOW-v2 transmitter, the zero-padding, DFT, and data removal of uNOW-v1 are replaced with asymmetric DFT.

[0077] Table 2 compares the complexity of the DFT-s-OFDM transmitter with that of the uNOW-v1 and uNOW-v2 transmitters. Using the complexity of the DFT-s-OFDM transmitter as a baseline, at α=0.75, the uNOW-v1 transmitter is 1.4 times more complex and the uNOW-v2 transmitter is 1.0 times more complex; at α=1.25, the uNOW-v1 transmitter is 1.4 times more complex and the uNOW-v2 transmitter is 1.0 times more complex. Therefore, it can be concluded that the complexity of the DFT-s-OFDM transmitter is similar to that of the uNOW-v2 transmitter.

[0078] Furthermore, the complexity comparison is performed under the condition of achieving the same SE. M is the number of subcarriers, for example, it can be 66 RB. L is the number of symbols, for example, it can be 14 symbols. Q is the modulation order, for example, it can be 4. b is the numerator of the compression factor α, for example, it can be 3 or 5. N is the IFFT size, for example, it can be 1024.

[0079] Additionally, regarding uNOW-v1 and uNOW-v2, BLER and PAPR exhibit similar performance.

[0080] As mentioned above, 6G waveform design, targeting NTN (Non-terrestrial network) and higher frequency bands such as millimeter wave and sub-THz bands, requires low PAPR. Furthermore, higher SE is required where spatial multiplexing and higher-order modulation cannot be applied. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the complexity of the uNOW transmitter while maintaining low PAPR and high SE.

[0081] Figure 7 This is a diagram used to illustrate an example of a transmitter. Figure 7 This is a block diagram of the transmitter in 5G NR (see Non-Patent Document 3). For example... Figure 7 As shown, the following steps are performed sequentially: scrambling, modulation, layer mapping, transform precoding, antenna port mapping, mapping to Virtual Resource Blocks (VRBs), and mapping to Physical Resource Blocks (PRBs). Furthermore, the input vector x and output vector y of the transform precoding have the same dimension.

[0082] Action 1) When supporting CP-OFDM and DFT-s-OFDM, new signal generation methods can be applied.

[0083] Figure 8 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a transmitter in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 8 This is a block diagram of the uNOW-v2 transmitter. Scrambling, modulation, and layer mapping can also be performed as shown in Non-Patent Document 3.

[0084] The input vector x of asymmetric transform precoding is the output of the layer mapping and can be expressed as follows.

[0085] x(i) = [x （0） (i)...x （ν-1） (i)] T i=0,1,...,N symb layer -1

[0086] ν is the number of layers, N symb layer It is the number of modulation symbols in each layer.

[0087] The output vector y of asymmetric transform precoding is the input of the antenna port mapping and can be expressed as follows.

[0088] y(i) = [y （0） (i)...y （ν-1） (i)] T i=0,1,...,M symb layer -1

[0089] ν is the number of layers, M symb layer It is the number of code elements in each layer.

[0090] When the transformation precoding is effective (refer to Non-Patent Document 4), and when α is set to 1 via higher-layer signaling or when α is not set, i.e., in M symb layer =N symb layer In this case, symmetric transform precoding is used. That is, conventional DFT-s-OFDM is supported. The signal processing of DFT-s-OFDM can reuse the processing in Chapter 6.3.1.4 of Non-Patent Document 3.

[0091] When the transformation precoding is effective (refer to non-patent document 4), and when α is set to be greater than 1 or less than 1 via higher-layer signaling, i.e., in M symb layer ≠N symb layer In this case, asymmetric transform precoding is used. That is, uNOW is supported. Signal processing for asymmetric transform precoding is used as described in action 1-1).

[0092] Additionally, FDSS can be transparent in the specification. In Action 1-1), the FDSS after asymmetric transformation precoding is not described.

[0093] Action 1-1) can apply uNOW-oriented asymmetric transform precoding.

[0094] Formula 1 is a formula representing the processing of asymmetric transform precoding.

[0095] [Formula 1]

[0096] The obtained complex code block:

[0097] N symb It is the number of OFDM modulation symbols within the bandwidth configured before asymmetric transform precoding, which can satisfy the following conditions.

[0098]

[0099] In addition, β2, β3, and β5 are non-negative integers.

[0100] In order to make N symb If the above conditions are met, M can be defined separately. RB The value of α, b for the numerator of α, and c for the denominator of α.

[0101] M SC The number of subcarriers representing the bandwidth of PUSCH or PDSCH. M SC =M RB ·N SC RB M RB The number of resource blocks representing the bandwidth of PUSCH or PDSCH, N SC RB This represents the number of subcarriers per resource block. M RB The following conditions can be met.

[0102]

[0103] In addition, α2, α3, and α5 are non-negative integers.

[0104] α = b / c = M SC / N symb It is the time-domain FTN compression or spectral spread factor, and b and c can satisfy the following conditions.

[0105]

[0106] ρ2, ρ3, ρ5, γ2, γ3, and γ5 are non-negative integers and can satisfy the following conditions.

[0107] ρ2 ≤ α2+2, ρ3 ≤ α3+1, ρ5 ≤ α5

[0108] Additionally, regarding N symb The rule that it is the product of powers of 2, 3, and 5, and M RB b and c are N symb The rule that the product of powers of 2, 3, and 5 is valid can also be any one of them.

[0109] Figure 9 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a pre-encoder in an embodiment of the present invention. For example... Figure 9 As shown, when α=1, the dimensions of the input vector and the output vector of the asymmetric transform precoding are equal. When α is not 1, the dimensions of the input vector and the output vector of the asymmetric transform precoding are different.

[0110] When α > 1, the dimension of the output vector is greater than the dimension of the input vector. Asymmetric transform precoding is defined as SL transform precoding. For example... Figure 9 As shown, N symb <M SC .

[0111] When α < 1, the dimension of the output vector is smaller than the dimension of the input vector. Asymmetric transform precoding is defined as LS transform precoding, such as... Figure 9 As shown, N becomes symb >M SC .

[0112] New transformation precoding methods for DL ​​and / or UL can also be predefined in the specification for situations where the UE is notified via a certain frequency, a certain scenario, and / or SIB.

[0113] Action 2) Setting the size of the sent signal and the notification can also be performed as described below.

[0114] According to non-patent literature 4, the formula for calculating TBS is as follows.

[0115] The number of information bits is N info =N RE ·R·Q m ·ν. R is the target coding rate, Q m ν is the modulation order, and ν is the number of layers.

[0116] The RE number of all PRBs is N RE =min(156, N) RE ′)×n PRB n PRB This refers to the number of PRBs configured.

[0117] N RE ' is the number of REs configured within one PRB. N is calculated as follows: RE ′.

[0118] N RE ′ = N SC RB N symb sh -N DMRS PRB -N oh PRB

[0119] N SC RB The value is 12, which represents the number of subcarriers within one PRB. N symb sh N is the number of symbols configured in the PUSCH within the time slot. DMRS PRB This is the number of REs for each PRB during the configuration period, including the overhead of the DM-RS CDM group without data. N oh PRBThis is the overhead set by the xOverhead information element within the high-level parameter PUSCH-ServingCellConfig, for example, a value of 6, 12, or 18. When N is not set... oh PRB In the case of N, imagine oh PRB It is 0.

[0120] Here, when α is not 1, the dimensions of the input vector and the output vector of the asymmetric transform precoding are different. That is, the method for calculating NR cannot be applied to the method for calculating the number of information bits. NR does not support asymmetric transform precoding. That is, it does not support the setting and notification of time-domain FTN compression or the spectral spread factor α.

[0121] Action 2-1) can also change the TBS calculation formula.

[0122] Additionally, the PT-RS overhead for each option in actions 2-1-1) and 2-1-2) described below may or may not be considered. If not considered, only the viewpoint associated with α may be considered.

[0123] Action 2-1-1) The α of the time-domain FTN compression or spectral spread factor can be reflected in the calculation of the number of information bits.

[0124] Option 1) PT-RS insertion for DFT-s-OFDM enhancement can be performed in the time domain. That is, PT-RS insertion can also be performed before the DFT. Furthermore, DM-RS insertion for DFT-s-OFDM is performed in the frequency domain, i.e., after transform precoding; therefore, the RE number of DM-RS has no effect on asymmetric transform precoding. Conversely, PT-RS insertion for DFT-s-OFDM is performed in the time domain, i.e., before transform precoding; therefore, the RE number of PT-RS affects asymmetric transform precoding, N. RE It has been changed.

[0125] Option 1-1) can reflect the impact of PT-RS in the calculation of information bit count.

[0126] The number of information bits is N info =(1 / α)·(N RE ·ν-N PTRS ·ν PTRS )·R·Q m R is the target coding rate, Q is... m ν is the modulation order, and ν is the number of layers. N PTRS This represents the total number of samples with configured periods and bandwidth in each layer. PTRS This refers to the number of layers configured with PT-RS. The effect of α is included in N. PTRS middle.

[0127] The RE number of all PRBs is N RE =min(156, N) RE ′)×n PRB n PRB This refers to the number of PRBs configured.

[0128] N RE ' is the number of REs configured within one PRB. N is calculated as follows: RE ′.

[0129] N RE ′ = N SC RB N symb sh -N DMRS PRB -N oh PRB

[0130] N SC RB The value is 12, which represents the number of subcarriers within one PRB. N symb sh N is the number of symbols configured in the PUSCH within the time slot. DMRS PRB It is the number of REs for each PRB during the configuration period, including the overhead of the DM-RS CDM group without data.

[0131] Option 1-2) The effect of PT-RS can be reflected in N DMRS PRB The value of .

[0132] The number of information bits is N info =(1 / α)·N RE ·R·Q m ·ν.

[0133] N RE ' is the number of REs configured within one PRB. N is calculated as follows: RE ′.

[0134] N RE ′ = N SC RB N symb sh -N DMRS PRB -N oh PRB

[0135] N DMRS PRB These are the RE numbers for DM-RS and PT-RS, calculated as follows.

[0136] N DMRS PRB = N DMRS-DMRS PRB +αN DMRS-PTRS PRB

[0137] N DMRS-DMRS PRB It is the number of REs for each PRB during the configuration period, including the overhead of the DM-RS CDM group without data.

[0138] N DMRS-PTRS PRB The number of PT-RS samples for each PRB during the period assigned to each stratum is equivalent to the number of samples calculated as follows.

[0139] N DMRS-PTRS PRB = N DMRS-PTRS / n PRB

[0140] N DMRS-PTRS The total number of samples for PT-RS is equivalent to the period assigned to each stratum, and is calculated as follows.

[0141] N DMRS-PTRS = N PTRS ·ν PTRS / ν

[0142] N PTRS It is the total number of PT-RS samples for each period assigned to each stratum, ν PTRS This is the number of layers allocated to PT-RS.

[0143] N DMRS-PTRS PRB Equivalent to the sample size of PT-RS before DFT expansion. αN DMRS-PTRS PRB It is equivalent to the RE number of the PT-RS after DFT expansion.

[0144] The RE number of all PRBs is N RE =min(156, N) RE ′)×n PRB n PRB This refers to the number of PRBs configured.

[0145] (Options 1-2) The effect of PT-RS can be reflected in N oh PRB The value of .

[0146] The number of information bits is N info =(1 / α)·N RE ·R·Q m·ν.

[0147] N RE ' is the number of REs configured within one PRB. N is calculated as follows: RE ′.

[0148] N RE ′ = N SC RB N symb sh -N DMRS PRB -N oh PRB

[0149] N oh PRB This is the RE number for PT-RS, representing the additional overhead, calculated as follows.

[0150] N oh PRB = N oh-oh PRB +αN oh-PTRS PRB

[0151] N oh-oh PRB The + represents the expense amount set by higher management.

[0152] N oh-PTRS PRB The number of samples per PRB is equivalent to the number of periods of PT-RS assigned to each stratum, and is calculated as follows.

[0153] N oh-PTRS PRB = N oh-PTRS / n PRB

[0154] N oh-PTRS It is the total number of PT-RS samples for each period assigned to each stratum, calculated as follows.

[0155] N oh-PTRS = N PTRS ·ν PTRS / ν

[0156] N PTRS It is the total number of PT-RS samples for the bandwidth allocated to each layer during the period, ν PTRS This is the number of layers allocated to PT-RS.

[0157] N oh-PTRS PRB Equivalent to the sample size of PT-RS before DFT expansion. αN oh-PTRS PRBIt is equivalent to the RE number of the PT-RS after DFT expansion.

[0158] The RE number of all PRBs is N RE = min(156, N) RE ′)×n PRB n PRB This refers to the number of PRBs configured.

[0159] (Options 1-3) The effects of PT-RS can be reflected in the new parameters.

[0160] Option 1-3-1) The effect of PT-RS can be reflected in the calculation of N RE The new parameter N PTRS PRB middle.

[0161] N RE ' is the number of REs configured within one PRB. N is calculated as follows: RE ′.

[0162] N RE ′ = N SC RB N symb sh -N DMRS PRB -αN PTRS PRB -N oh PRB

[0163] N DMRS PRB It is the number of REs for each PRB during the configuration period, including the overhead of the DM-RS CDM group without data.

[0164] N PTRS PRB The number of samples per PRB is equivalent to the number of periods of PT-RS assigned to each stratum, and is calculated as follows.

[0165] N PTRS PRB = N PTRS ′ / n PRB

[0166] N PTRS ' is the total number of PT-RS samples for each period assigned to each stratum, calculated as follows.

[0167] N PTRS ′ = N PTRS ·ν PTRS / ν

[0168] N PTRSIt is the total number of PT-RS samples for the bandwidth allocated to each layer during the period, ν PTRS This is the number of layers allocated to PT-RS.

[0169] N PTRS PRB Equivalent to the sample size of PT-RS before DFT expansion. αN PTRS PRB It is equivalent to the RE number of the PT-RS after DFT expansion.

[0170] The RE number of all PRBs is N RE =min(156, N) RE ′)×n PRB n PRB This refers to the number of PRBs configured.

[0171] Option 1-3-2) The effect of PT-RS can be reflected in the calculation of N RE The new parameter N of ′ PTRS 'middle.

[0172] N RE ' is the number of REs configured within one PRB. N is calculated as follows: RE ′.

[0173] N RE ′ = N SC RB N symb sh -N DMRS PRB -N oh PRB

[0174] N DMRS PRB It is the number of REs for each PRB during the configuration period, including the overhead of the DM-RS CDM group without data.

[0175] The RE number of all PRBs is N RE =min(156, N) RE ′)×n PRB -αN PTRS ′。 n PRB This refers to the number of PRBs configured.

[0176] N PTRS ' is the total number of PT-RS samples for each period assigned to each stratum, calculated as follows.

[0177] N PTRS =N PTRS ·ν PTRS / ν

[0178] N PTRS It is the total number of PT-RS samples for the bandwidth allocated to each layer during the period, ν PTRS This is the number of layers allocated to PT-RS.

[0179] N PTRS The sample size is equivalent to that of PT-RS before DFT expansion. αN PTRS The RE number is equivalent to that of the DFT-extended PT-RS.

[0180] Option 2) PT-RS insertion for enhanced DFT-s-OFDM can be performed in the frequency domain. That is, PT-RS insertion can also be performed after the DFT. PT-RS insertion is performed after transform precoding. Unlike DM-RS, PT-RS is not set in all layers, therefore the impact of PT-RS on the number of information bits needs to be defined.

[0181] Option 2-1) The impact of PT-RS can be reflected in the calculation of the number of information bits.

[0182] The number of information bits is N info =(1 / α)·(N RE ·ν-N PTRS ·ν PTRS )·R·Q m N PTRS This represents the total number of REs configured in each layer, including the duration and bandwidth. PTRS This refers to the number of layers configured with PT-RS. N PTRS The RE number is equivalent to that of the PT-RS after DFT expansion. To obtain the sample number before DFT expansion, 1 / α needs to be considered.

[0183] The RE number of all PRBs is N RE =min(156, N) RE ′)×n PRB n PRB This refers to the number of PRBs configured.

[0184] N RE ' is the number of REs configured within one PRB. N is calculated as follows: RE ′.

[0185] N RE ′ = N SC RB N symb sh -N DMRS PRB -N oh PRB

[0186] N DMRSPRB It is the number of REs for each PRB during the configuration period, including the overhead of the DM-RS CDM group without data.

[0187] Option 2-2) The effect of PT-RS can be reflected in N DMRS PRB .

[0188] The number of information bits is N info =(1 / α)·N RE ·R·Q m ·ν.

[0189] N RE ' is the number of REs configured within one PRB. N is calculated as follows: RE ′.

[0190] N RE ′ = N SC RB N symb sh -N DMRS PRB -N oh PRB

[0191] N DMRS PRB These are the RE numbers for DM-RS and PT-RS, calculated as follows.

[0192] N DMRS PRB = N DMRS-DMRS PRB +N DMRS-PTRS PRB

[0193] N DMRS-DMRS PRB It is the number of REs for each PRB during the configuration period, including the overhead of the DM-RS CDM group without data.

[0194] N DMRS-PTRS PRB The number of PT-RS samples for each PRB during the period assigned to each stratum is equivalent to the number of samples calculated as follows.

[0195] N DMRS-PTRS PRB = N DMRS-PTRS / n PRB

[0196] N DMRS-PTRS The total number of samples for PT-RS is equivalent to the period assigned to each stratum, and is calculated as follows.

[0197] N DMRS-PTRS = N PTRS ·ν PTRS / ν

[0198] N PTRS It is the total number of PT-RS samples for each period assigned to each stratum, ν PTRS This is the number of layers allocated to PT-RS.

[0199] The RE number of all PRBs is N RE =min(156, N) RE ′)×n PRB n PRB This refers to the number of PRBs configured.

[0200] Option 2-2') The effect of PT-RS can be reflected in N oh PRB .

[0201] The number of information bits is N info =(1 / α)·N RE ·R·Q m ·ν.

[0202] N RE ' is the number of REs configured within one PRB. N is calculated as follows: RE ′.

[0203] N RE ′ = N SC RB N symb sh -N DMRS PRB -N oh PRB

[0204] N oh PRB This is the RE number for PT-RS, representing the additional overhead, calculated as follows.

[0205] N oh PRB = N oh-oh PRB +N oh-PTRS PRB

[0206] N oh-oh PRB The + represents the expense amount set by higher management.

[0207] N oh-PTRS PRB The number of samples per PRB is equivalent to the number of periods of PT-RS assigned to each stratum, and is calculated as follows.

[0208] N oh-PTRS PRB = N oh-PTRS / n PRB

[0209] N oh-PTRS It is the total number of REs for PT-RS during the period allocated to each tier, calculated as follows.

[0210] N oh-PTRS = N PTRS ·ν PTRS / ν

[0211] N PTRS It is the total number of REs in PT-RS for the bandwidth allocated during each period of each layer, ν PTRS This is the number of layers allocated to PT-RS.

[0212] The RE number of all PRBs is N RE =min(156, N) RE ′)×n PRB n PRB This refers to the number of PRBs configured.

[0213] (Options 2-3) The effects of PT-RS can be reflected in the new parameters.

[0214] Option 2-3-1) The effect of PT-RS can be reflected in the calculation of N RE The new parameter N PTRS PRB middle.

[0215] N RE ' is the number of REs configured within one PRB. N is calculated as follows: RE ′.

[0216] N RE ′ = N SC RB N symb sh -N DMRS PRB -N PTRS PRB -N oh PRB

[0217] N DMRS PRB It is the number of REs for each PRB during the configuration period, including the overhead of the DM-RS CDM group without data.

[0218] N PTRS PRBThe RE number for each PRB of the PT-RS allocated to each layer is equivalent to the number of REs calculated as follows.

[0219] N PTRS PRB =N PTRS ′ / n PRB

[0220] N PTRS ′ is the total number of REs for PT-RS during the period allocated to each tier, calculated as follows.

[0221] N PTRS =N PTRS ·ν PTRS / ν

[0222] N PTRS It is the total number of REs in PT-RS for the bandwidth allocated during each period of each layer, ν PTRS This is the number of layers allocated to PT-RS.

[0223] The RE number of all PRBs is N RE =min(156, N) RE ′)×n PRB n PRB This refers to the number of PRBs configured.

[0224] Option 2-3-2) The effect of PT-RS can be reflected in the calculation of N RE The new parameter N PTRS 'middle.

[0225] N RE ' is the number of REs configured within one PRB. N is calculated as follows: RE ′.

[0226] N RE ′ = N SC RB N symb sh -N DMRS PRB -N oh PRB

[0227] N DMRS PRB It is the number of REs for each PRB during the configuration period, including the overhead of the DM-RS CDM group without data.

[0228] The RE number of all PRBs is N RE =min(156, N) RE ′)×n PRB -N PTRS ′。 nPRB This refers to the number of PRBs configured.

[0229] N PTRS ′ is the total number of REs for PT-RS during the period allocated to each tier, calculated as follows.

[0230] N PTRS =N PTRS ·ν PTRS / ν

[0231] N PTRS It is the total number of REs in PT-RS for the bandwidth allocated during each period of each layer, ν PTRS This is the number of layers allocated to PT-RS.

[0232] Action 2-1-2) The α of the time-domain FTN compression or spectral spread factor can be reflected in the calculation of the RE number of all PRBs.

[0233] Option 1) can perform PT-RS insertion for DFT-s-OFDM enhancement in the time domain.

[0234] Option 1-1) can reflect the impact of PT-RS in the calculation of information bit count.

[0235] The number of information bits is N info =(N RE ·ν-N PTRS ·ν PTRS )·R·Q m R is the target coding rate, Q is... m ν is the modulation order, and ν is the number of layers. N PTRS This represents the total number of samples with configured periods and bandwidth in each layer. PTRS It refers to the number of layers configured with PT-RS.

[0236] The RE number of all PRBs is N RE =(1 / α)×min(156,N RE ′)×n PRB n PRB This refers to the number of PRBs configured.

[0237] N RE ' is the number of REs configured within one PRB. N is calculated as follows: RE ′.

[0238] N RE ′ = N SC RB N symb sh -N DMRS PRB -N oh PRB

[0239] N SC RB The value is 12, which represents the number of subcarriers within one PRB. N symb sh N is the number of symbols configured in the PUSCH within the time slot. DMRS PRB It is the number of REs for each PRB during the configuration period, including the overhead of the DM-RS CDM group without data.

[0240] Option 1-2) The effect of PT-RS can be reflected in N DMRS PRB The value of .

[0241] The number of information bits is N info = N RE ·R·Q m ·ν.

[0242] R is the target coding rate, Q m ν is the modulation order, and ν is the number of layers.

[0243] The RE number of all PRBs is N RE =(1 / α)min(156,N RE ′)×n PRB n PRB This refers to the number of PRBs configured.

[0244] N RE ' is the number of REs configured within one PRB. N is calculated as follows: RE ′.

[0245] N RE ′ = N SC RB N symb sh -N DMRS PRB -N oh PRB

[0246] N DMRS PRB These are the RE numbers for DM-RS and PT-RS, calculated as follows.

[0247] N DMRS PRB = N DMRS-DMRS PRB +αN DMRS-PTRS PRB

[0248] N DMRS-DMRS PRBIt is the number of REs for each PRB during the configuration period, including the overhead of the DM-RS CDM group without data.

[0249] N DMRS-PTRS PRB The number of PT-RS samples for each PRB during the period assigned to each stratum is equivalent to the number of samples calculated as follows.

[0250] N DMRS-PTRS PRB = N DMRS-PTRS / n PRB

[0251] N DMRS-PTRS The total number of samples for PT-RS is equivalent to the period assigned to each stratum, and is calculated as follows.

[0252] N DMRS-PTRS =N PTRS ·ν PTRS / ν

[0253] N PTRS It is the total number of PT-RS samples for each period assigned to each stratum, ν PTRS This is the number of layers allocated to PT-RS.

[0254] N DMRS-PTRS PRB Equivalent to the sample size of PT-RS before DFT expansion. αN DMRS-PTRS PRB It is equivalent to the RE number of the PT-RS after DFT expansion.

[0255] (Options 1-2) The effect of PT-RS can be reflected in N oh PRB The value of .

[0256] The number of information bits is N info =N RE ·R·Q m ·ν.

[0257] R is the target coding rate, Q m ν is the modulation order, and ν is the number of layers.

[0258] The RE number of all PRBs is N RE =(1 / α)×min(156,N RE ′)×n PRB n PRB This refers to the number of PRBs configured.

[0259] N RE ' is the number of REs configured within one PRB. N is calculated as follows: RE ′.

[0260] N RE ′ = N SC RB N symb sh -N DMRS PRB -N oh PRB

[0261] N oh PRB This is the RE number for PT-RS, representing the additional overhead, calculated as follows.

[0262] N oh PRB = N oh-oh PRB +αN oh-PTRS PRB

[0263] N oh-oh PRB The + represents the expense amount set by higher management.

[0264] N oh-PTRS PRB The number of samples per PRB is equivalent to the number of periods of PT-RS assigned to each stratum, and is calculated as follows.

[0265] N oh-PTRS PRB =N oh-PTRS / n PRB

[0266] N oh-PTRS It is the total number of PT-RS samples for each period assigned to each stratum, calculated as follows.

[0267] N oh-PTRS =N PTRS ·ν PTRS / ν

[0268] N PTRS It is the total number of PT-RS samples for the bandwidth allocated to each layer during the period, ν PTRS This is the number of layers allocated to PT-RS.

[0269] N oh-PTRS PRB Equivalent to the sample size of PT-RS before DFT expansion. αN oh-PTRS PRB It is equivalent to the RE number of the PT-RS after DFT expansion.

[0270] (Options 1-3) The effects of PT-RS can be reflected in the new parameters.

[0271] Option 1-3-1) The effect of PT-RS can be reflected in the calculation of N RE The new parameter N PTRS PRB middle.

[0272] The number of information bits is N info =N RE ·R·Q m ·ν.

[0273] R is the target coding rate, Q m ν is the modulation order, and ν is the number of layers.

[0274] The RE number of all PRBs is N RE =(1 / α)×min(156,N RE ′)×n PRB n PRB This refers to the number of PRBs configured.

[0275] N RE ' is the number of REs configured within one PRB. N is calculated as follows: RE ′.

[0276] N RE ′ = N SC RB N symb sh -N DMRS PRB -αN PTRS PRB -N oh PRB

[0277] N DMRS PRB It is the number of REs for each PRB during the configuration period, including the overhead of the DM-RS CDM group without data.

[0278] N PTRS PRB The number of samples per PRB is equivalent to the number of periods of PT-RS assigned to each stratum, and is calculated as follows.

[0279] N PTRS PRB = N PTRS ′ / n PRB

[0280] N PTRS ' is the total number of PT-RS samples for each period assigned to each stratum, calculated as follows.

[0281] N PTRS =N PTRS ·νPTRS / ν

[0282] N PTRS It is the total number of PT-RS samples for the bandwidth allocated to each layer during the period, ν PTRS This is the number of layers allocated to PT-RS.

[0283] N PTRS PRB Equivalent to the sample size of PT-RS before DFT expansion. αN PTRS PRB It is equivalent to the RE number of the PT-RS after DFT expansion.

[0284] Option 1-3-2) The effect of PT-RS can be reflected in the calculation of N RE The new parameter N of ′ PTRS 'middle.

[0285] The RE number of all PRBs is N RE =(1 / α)×min(156,N RE ′)×n PRB -N PTRS ′。 n PRB This refers to the number of PRBs configured.

[0286] N PTRS ' is the total number of PT-RS samples for each period assigned to each stratum, calculated as follows.

[0287] N PTRS =N PTRS ·ν PTRS / ν

[0288] N PTRS It is the total number of PT-RS samples for the bandwidth allocated to each layer during the period, ν PTRS This is the number of layers allocated to PT-RS.

[0289] N PTRS The sample size is equivalent to that of PT-RS before DFT expansion. αN PTRS The RE number is equivalent to that of the DFT-extended PT-RS.

[0290] N RE ' is the number of REs configured within one PRB. N is calculated as follows: RE ′.

[0291] N RE ′ = N SC RB N symb sh -N DMRS PRB -N ohPRB

[0292] N DMRS PRB It is the number of REs for each PRB during the configuration period, including the overhead of the DM-RS CDM group without data.

[0293] Option 2) can perform PT-RS insertion for enhanced DFT-s-OFDM in the frequency domain.

[0294] Option 2-1) The impact of PT-RS can be reflected in the calculation of the number of information bits.

[0295] The number of information bits is N info =(N RE ·ν-(1 / α)·N PTRS ·ν PTRS )·R·Q m R is the target coding rate, Q is... m ν is the modulation order, and ν is the number of layers.

[0296] N PTRS This represents the total number of REs (reservations) configured for each period and bandwidth in each layer. PTRS This refers to the number of layers configured with PT-RS. N PTRS The RE number is equivalent to that of the PT-RS after DFT expansion. To obtain the sample number before DFT expansion, 1 / α needs to be considered.

[0297] The RE number of all PRBs is N RE =(1 / α)×min(156,N RE ′)×n PRB n PRB This refers to the number of PRBs configured.

[0298] N RE ' is the number of REs configured within one PRB. N is calculated as follows: RE ′.

[0299] N RE ′ = N SC RB N symb sh -N DMRS PRB -N oh PRB

[0300] N DMRS PRB It is the number of REs for each PRB during the configuration period, including the overhead of the DM-RS CDM group without data.

[0301] Option 2-2) The effect of PT-RS can be reflected in N DMRS PRB .

[0302] The number of information bits is N info =N RE ·R·Q m ·ν. R is the target coding rate, Q m ν is the modulation order, and ν is the number of layers.

[0303] The RE number of all PRBs is N RE =(1 / α)×min(156,N RE ′)×n PRB n PRB This refers to the number of PRBs configured.

[0304] N RE ' is the number of REs configured within one PRB. N is calculated as follows: RE ′.

[0305] N RE ′ = N SC RB N symb sh -N DMRS PRB -N oh PRB

[0306] N DMRS PRB These are the RE numbers for DM-RS and PT-RS, calculated as follows.

[0307] N DMRS PRB = N DMRS-DMRS PRB +N DMRS-PTRS PRB

[0308] N DMRS-DMRS PRB It is the number of REs for each PRB during the configuration period, including the overhead of the DM-RS CDM group without data.

[0309] N DMRS-PTRS PRB The number of PT-RS samples for each PRB during the period assigned to each stratum is equivalent to the number of samples calculated as follows.

[0310] N DMRS-PTRS PRB = N DMRS-PTRS / n PRB

[0311] NDMRS-PTRS The total number of samples for PT-RS is equivalent to the period assigned to each stratum, and is calculated as follows.

[0312] N DMRS-PTRS = N PTRS ·ν PTRS / ν

[0313] N PTRS It is the total number of PT-RS samples for each period assigned to each stratum, ν PTRS This is the number of layers allocated to PT-RS.

[0314] Option 2-2') The effect of PT-RS can be reflected in N oh PRB .

[0315] The number of information bits is N info =N RE ·R·Q m ·ν. R is the target coding rate, Q m ν is the modulation order, and ν is the number of layers.

[0316] The RE number of all PRBs is N RE =(1 / α)×min(156,N RE ′)×n PRB n PRB This refers to the number of PRBs configured.

[0317] N RE ' is the number of REs configured within one PRB. N is calculated as follows: RE ′.

[0318] N RE ′ = N SC RB N symb sh -N DMRS PRB -N oh PRB

[0319] N oh PRB This is the RE number for PT-RS, representing the additional overhead, calculated as follows.

[0320] N oh PRB = N oh-oh PRB +N oh-PTRS PRB

[0321] N oh-oh PRB The + represents the expense amount set by higher management.

[0322] N oh-PTRS PRB The number of samples per PRB is equivalent to the number of periods of PT-RS assigned to each stratum, and is calculated as follows.

[0323] N oh-PTRS PRB = N oh-PTRS / n PRB

[0324] N oh-PTRS It is the total number of REs for PT-RS during the period allocated to each tier, calculated as follows.

[0325] N oh-PTRS = N PTRS ·ν PTRS / ν

[0326] N PTRS It is the total number of REs in PT-RS for the bandwidth allocated during each period of each layer, ν PTRS This is the number of layers allocated to PT-RS.

[0327] (Options 2-3) The effects of PT-RS can be reflected in the new parameters.

[0328] The number of information bits is N info =N RE ·R·Q m ·ν. R is the target coding rate, Q m ν is the modulation order, and ν is the number of layers.

[0329] Option 2-3-1) The effect of PT-RS can be reflected in the calculation of N RE The new parameter N PTRS PRB middle.

[0330] The RE number of all PRBs is N RE =(1 / α)×min(156,N RE ′)×n PRB n PRB This refers to the number of PRBs configured.

[0331] N RE ' is the number of REs configured within one PRB. N is calculated as follows: RE ′.

[0332] N RE ′ = N SC RB N symb sh -N DMRS PRB -NPTRS PRB -N oh PRB

[0333] N DMRS PRB It is the number of REs for each PRB during the configuration period, including the overhead of the DM-RS CDM group without data.

[0334] N PTRS PRB The RE number for each PRB of the PT-RS allocated to each layer is equivalent to the number of REs calculated as follows.

[0335] N PTRS PRB = N PTRS ′ / n PRB

[0336] N PTRS ′ is the total number of REs for PT-RS during the period allocated to each tier, calculated as follows.

[0337] N PTRS =N PTRS ·ν PTRS / ν

[0338] N PTRS It is the total number of REs in PT-RS for the bandwidth allocated during each period of each layer, ν PTRS This is the number of layers allocated to PT-RS.

[0339] Option 2-3-2) The effect of PT-RS can be reflected in the calculation of N RE The new parameter N PTRS 'middle.

[0340] The RE number of all PRBs is N RE =(1 / α)×(min(156,N RE ′)×n PRB -N PTRS ′). n PRB This refers to the number of PRBs configured.

[0341] N PTRS ′ is the total number of REs for PT-RS during the period allocated to each tier, calculated as follows.

[0342] N PTRS ′ = N PTRS ·ν PTRS / ν

[0343] N PTRS It is the total number of REs in PT-RS for the bandwidth allocated during each period of each layer, νPTRS This is the number of layers allocated to PT-RS.

[0344] N RE ' is the number of REs configured within one PRB. N is calculated as follows: RE ′.

[0345] N RE =N SC RB N symb sh -N DMRS PRB -N oh PRB

[0346] N DMRS PRB It is the number of REs for each PRB during the configuration period, including the overhead of the DM-RS CDM group without data.

[0347] Action 2-2) Setting and notifying the time-domain FTN compression or spectral spread factor α can be performed as described below.

[0348] Action 2-2-1) The time-domain FTN compression or spectral spread factor α and the MCS (Modulation and Coding Scheme) table can also be defined together. For example, new columns can be appended to the MCS index table. Existing processes and signaling related to the MCS of NR can also be reused.

[0349] Option 1) combines α and coding rate without changing the target SE and modulation order. Table 3 shows an example of the MCS table for option 1).

[0350] [Table 3]

[0351] Rule 1: The value of α can be associated with the modulation order. For example, in the case of higher modulation orders than 2, only α values ​​greater than 1 or higher can be supported. Additionally, α values ​​less than 1 may not be applied to higher modulation orders. In Table 3, MCS indices 29 to 50 correspond to Rule 1.

[0352] Rule 2: The number of α values ​​can be correlated with the coding rate. In the rows of Table 3, MCS indices 0 to 28 correspond to Rule 2.

[0353] When α < 1, a smaller number of α values ​​can be associated with a lower coding rate, and a larger number of α values ​​can be associated with a higher coding rate. At lower coding rates, it's also possible to avoid setting parameters that further reduce the coding rate. To control overhead, only a small number of α values ​​can be set at low coding rates.

[0354] When α > 1, a larger number of α values ​​can be associated with a lower coding rate, and a smaller number of α values ​​can be associated with a higher coding rate. At higher coding rates, it may not be necessary to set any settings that further increase the coding rate. To control overhead, only a small number of α values ​​can be set at high coding rates.

[0355] Option 2) can also combine α with the modulation order without changing the target SE and coding rate. Table 4 shows an example of the MCS table for option 2).

[0356] [Table 4]

[0357] Option 3) The modulation order and coding rate can also be reused from NR, with α added.

[0358] Option 3-1) can also append options for the target SE. The SE can flexibly adapt. The MCS table size increases. Table 5 shows an example of the MCS table for option 3-1).

[0359] [Table 5]

[0360] Option 3-2) can also change a portion of the target SE without changing the size of the MCS table. Table 6 shows an example of the MCS table for option 3-2).

[0361] [Table 6]

[0362] Option 4) Append α=4 / 3 to the MCS table using the following method.

[0363] Alt.1: The target SE and modulation order remain unchanged, and α and coding rate are combined. Table 7 shows an example of the MCS table for option 4) Alt.1.

[0364] [Table 7]

[0365] Alt.2: The modulation order and coding rate can also be reused from NR, with α added. Table 8 shows an example of the MCS table for option 4) Alt.2.

[0366] [Table 8]

[0367] Action 2-2-2) can also define new tables or signaling for time-domain FTN compression or spectral spread factor α.

[0368] Action 2-2-2-1) can also define new tables and signaling for α associated with the modulation order.

[0369] Option 1) can also define new tables for both α>1 and α<1. To inform α, a new field "FactorAlpha scaling" can be appended to RRC signaling, MAC-CE, or DCI. The default value for α can be 1. Table 9 shows an example table for option 1). Alternatively, α=4 / 3 can also be mandatory in the table.

[0370] [Table 9]

[0371] Option 2) can also be defined as new tables for α>1 and α<1. To notify α, the new fields “FactorAlpha scaling1” and “FactorAlpha scaling2” can be appended to RRC signaling, MAC-CE, or DCI. The default value of α can be 1. Table 10 shows an example of a table for option 1). Alternatively, α=4 / 3 can also be set in the table.

[0372] [Table 10]

[0373] Action 2-2-2-2) can also define new tables and signaling for time-domain FTN compression or spectral spread factor α.

[0374] Option 1) allows you to append a new signaling value, "FactorAlpha," to RRC, MAC-CE, or DCI. Additionally, specific values ​​(e.g., α=4 / 3) can be guaranteed to be supported by this signaling. If "FactorAlpha" is not set, the default value for α is 1.

[0375] Action 2-2-2-3) can also update the MCS index table.

[0376] Option 1) The MCS index table of NR can be applied to both the case where α>1 and the case where α<1.

[0377] Option 2) The NR's MCS index table can be applied to the case where α > 1, and a new MCS index table can be appended when α < 1. The new MCS index table for α < 1 can be as follows.

[0378] Option 2-1) can also reduce the size of the NR's MCS index table by deleting the indexes for higher-order modulation. Table 11 shows an example of this MCS index table.

[0379] [Table 11]

[0380] Option 2-2) can also reduce the size of the NR's MCS index table and change its contents. Table 12 shows an example of this MCS index table.

[0381] [Table 12]

[0382] Option 2-3) can also maintain the size of the NR's MCS index table, increase the index of low-order modulation, and decrease the index of high-order modulation. Table 13 shows an example of this MCS index table.

[0383] [Table 13]

[0384] Option 3) The NR MCS index table can be applied to the case where α < 1, and a new MCS index table can be appended to the case where α > 1. The new MCS index table for α > 1 can be as follows.

[0385] Option 3-1) can also reduce the size of the NR's MCS index table by deleting indexes with low coding rates. Table 14 shows an example of this MCS index table.

[0386] [Table 14]

[0387] Option 3-2) can also reduce the size of the NR's MCS index table and change its contents. Table 15 shows an example of this MCS index table.

[0388] [Table 15]

[0389] Option 3-3) can also maintain the size of the NR's MCS index table by reducing the number of low-coding-rate indexes and increasing the number of high-coding-rate indexes. Table 16 shows an example of this MCS index table.

[0390] [Table 16]

[0391] Option 4) The updated NR MCS index table can be applied to both the case where α < 1 and the case where α > 1.

[0392] Option 4-1) can also maintain the size of the NR's MCS index table by increasing the indexes for low-order modulation and high coding rates, and decreasing the indexes for high-order modulation and low coding rates. Table 17 shows an example of this MCS index table.

[0393] [Table 17]

[0394] Option 4-2) can also reduce the size of the NR's MCS index table and change its contents. Table 18 shows an example of this MCS index table.

[0395] [Table 18]

[0396] Action 3) The UE capabilities shown below can be defined per UE, per FR, per FC, etc., and reported from the UE to the base station 10.

[0397] Action 3-1) can define the UE capabilities involved in transmission that apply asymmetric transform precoding.

[0398] Option 1) As a UE's transmission capability, LS transform precoding (α<1) and SL transform precoding (α>1) can be used without capability reporting and are mandatory.

[0399] Option 2) As a UE’s transmission capability, LS transform precoding (α<1) and SL transform precoding (α>1) may require capability reporting and are mandatory.

[0400] Option 3-1) As a UE's transmission capability, LS transform precoding (α<1) can be supported without capability reporting and is mandatory. SL transform precoding (α>1) can require capability reporting and is mandatory.

[0401] Option 3-2) As a UE's transmission capability, LS transform precoding (α<1) may require capability reporting and is mandatory. SL transform precoding (α>1) may not require capability reporting and is mandatory.

[0402] In options 2) or 3) above, one or two UE transmission capabilities can also be defined and reported for LS and SL transform precoding.

[0403] Action 3-2) can define the UE capabilities involved in receiving with the application of asymmetric transform precoding.

[0404] Option 1) As a UE's receiving capability, LS transform precoding (α<1) and SL transform precoding (α>1) can be supported without capability reporting and are mandatory.

[0405] Option 2) As a UE’s receiving capability, LS transform precoding (α<1) and SL transform precoding (α>1) may require capability reporting and be mandatory to be supported.

[0406] Option 3-1) As a UE's receiving capability, LS transform precoding (α<1) can be supported without capability reporting and is mandatory. SL transform precoding (α>1) can be supported with capability reporting and is mandatory.

[0407] Option 3-2) As a UE's receiving capability, LS transform precoding (α<1) may require capability reporting and is mandatory. SL transform precoding (α>1) may not require capability reporting and is mandatory.

[0408] In options 2) or 3) above, one or two UE reception capabilities can be defined and reported for LS and SL transform precoding.

[0409] Action 3-3) can define the UE capability indicating whether the new TBS calculation method is supported.

[0410] Actions 3-4 can define whether the UE capability supports the new MCS table and / or the new α table.

[0411] The aforementioned UE capabilities may be the same or different across different frequency bands. The UE may also report these UE capabilities for different frequency bands together or separately.

[0412] The above embodiments enable improved performance of DFT-s-OFDM and suppression of transmitters with increased complexity.

[0413] That is, in wireless communication systems, it is possible to achieve this without increasing the complexity of the transmitter.

[0414] (Device structure)

[0415] Next, an example of the functional structure of the base station 10 and terminal 20 performing the processes and actions described above will be explained. The base station 10 and terminal 20 include the functions implemented in the above embodiments. However, the base station 10 and terminal 20 may each have only a portion of the functions described in the embodiments.

[0416] <Base Station 10>

[0417] Figure 10 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the functional structure of base station 10 in an embodiment of the present invention. For example... Figure 10 As shown, the base station 10 has a transmitting unit 110, a receiving unit 120, a setting unit 130 and a control unit 140. Figure 10The functional structure shown is only one example. As long as the actions involved in the embodiments of the present invention can be performed, the functional distinctions and names of the functional parts can be arbitrary.

[0418] The transmitting unit 110 includes the function of generating a signal to be transmitted to the terminal 20 and wirelessly transmitting the signal. Furthermore, the transmitting unit 110 transmits inter-network node messages to other network nodes. The receiving unit 120 includes the function of receiving various signals transmitted from the terminal 20 and obtaining, for example, higher-level information from the received signals. Furthermore, the transmitting unit 110 has the function of transmitting NR-PSS, NR-SSS, NR-PBCH, DL / UL control signals, etc., to the terminal 20. Furthermore, the receiving unit 120 receives inter-network node messages from other network nodes.

[0419] The setting unit 130 stores preset setting information and various setting information sent to the terminal 20. The content of the setting information includes, for example, information related to waveform and transmission method settings.

[0420] As described in the embodiment, the control unit 140 performs control related to the setting of waveform and transmission mode. Additionally, the control unit 140 performs scheduling. Alternatively, the signal transmission-related functions of the control unit 140 may be included in the transmission unit 110, and the signal reception-related functions of the control unit 140 may be included in the reception unit 120.

[0421] Terminal 20

[0422] Figure 11 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the functional structure of terminal 20 in an embodiment of the present invention. For example... Figure 11 As shown, the terminal 20 includes a transmitting unit 210, a receiving unit 220, a setting unit 230, and a control unit 240. Figure 11 The functional structure shown is only one example. As long as the actions involved in the embodiments of the present invention can be performed, the functional distinctions and names of the functional parts can be arbitrary.

[0423] The transmitting unit 210 generates a transmission signal based on the transmission data and transmits the transmission signal wirelessly. The receiving unit 220 wirelessly receives various signals and obtains higher-layer signals from the received physical layer signals. Furthermore, the receiving unit 220 has the function of receiving NR-PSS, NR-SSS, NR-PBCH, DL / UL / SL control signals, etc., transmitted from the base station 10. For example, as D2D communication, the transmitting unit 210 transmits PSCCH (Physical Sidelink Control Channel), PSSCH (Physical Sidelink Shared Channel), PSDCH (Physical Sidelink Discovery Channel), PSBCH (Physical Sidelink Broadcast Channel), etc., to other terminals 20, and the receiving unit 220 receives PSCCH, PSSCH, PSDCH, or PSBCH from other terminals 20.

[0424] The setting unit 230 stores various setting information received from the base station 10 by the receiving unit 220. In addition, the setting unit 230 also stores preset setting information. The content of the setting information includes, for example, information related to waveform and transmission mode settings.

[0425] As described in the embodiment, the control unit 240 performs control related to the setting of waveform and transmission mode. Alternatively, the signal transmission-related functions of the control unit 240 may be included in the transmission unit 210, and the signal reception-related functions of the control unit 240 may be included in the reception unit 220.

[0426] (Hardware structure)

[0427] The block diagrams used in the description of the above embodiments ( Figure 10 as well as Figure 11 The diagram illustrates blocks organized by function. These functional blocks (structural units) are implemented through any combination of at least one of hardware and software. Furthermore, there are no particular limitations on the implementation method of each functional block. That is, each functional block can be implemented using a single device that is physically or logically combined, or by directly or indirectly (e.g., using wired, wireless, etc.) connecting two or more physically or logically separate devices. Functional blocks can also be implemented by combining software within the aforementioned single or multiple devices.

[0428] The functions include judgment, decision, determination, calculation, calculation, processing, derivation, investigation, search, confirmation, receiving, sending, output, access, resolution, selection, selection, establishment, comparison, assumption, expectation, consideration, broadcasting, notifying, communicating, forwarding, configuring, reconfiguring, allocating, mapping, and assigning, but are not limited to these. For example, the functional block (structural part) that performs the sending function is called the transmitting unit or transmitter. In short, as mentioned above, there are no particular limitations on the implementation method.

[0429] For example, in one embodiment of this disclosure, the base station 10, terminal 20, etc., can also function as a computer for processing the wireless communication method of this disclosure. Figure 12 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the hardware structure of a base station 10 and a terminal 20 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The base station 10 and the terminal 20 may also be configured as a computer device that physically includes a processor 1001, a storage device 1002, an auxiliary storage device 1003, a communication device 1004, an input device 1005, an output device 1006, and a bus 1007.

[0430] Furthermore, in the following description, the term "device" can be replaced with "circuit," "device," "unit," etc. The hardware structure of base station 10 and terminal 20 can be configured to include one or more of the devices shown in the figures, or it can be configured to include no part of the device.

[0431] The functions of base station 10 and terminal 20 are implemented by reading predetermined software (program) into hardware such as processor 1001 and storage device 1002, so that processor 1001 performs calculations and controls the communication of communication device 1004 or controls at least one of reading and writing data in storage device 1002 and auxiliary storage device 1003.

[0432] The processor 1001 controls the computer as a whole by instructing the operating system to operate. The processor 1001 may also be a central processing unit (CPU) that includes interfaces with peripheral devices, control units, arithmetic units, registers, etc. For example, the control unit 140 and control unit 240 described above can also be implemented using the processor 1001.

[0433] Furthermore, the processor 1001 reads programs (program code), software modules, or data from at least one of the auxiliary storage devices 1003 and communication devices 1004, and performs various processes accordingly. As a program, a program is used that causes the computer to perform at least a portion of the actions described in the above embodiments. For example, Figure 10 The control unit 140 of the base station 10 shown can be implemented by a control program stored in the storage device 1002 and operated in the processor 1001. Alternatively, for example, Figure 11 The control unit 240 of the terminal 20 shown can also be implemented by a control program stored in the storage device 1002 and operated in the processor 1001. Although it has been described that the various processes described above are executed by one processor 1001, the various processes described above can also be executed simultaneously or sequentially by two or more processors 1001. The processor 1001 can also be implemented by one or more chips. In addition, the program can also be sent from the network via a telecommunications line.

[0434] Storage device 1002 is a computer-readable recording medium, and may be composed of at least one of the following: ROM (Read Only Memory), EPROM (Erasable Programmable ROM), EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable ROM), RAM (Random Access Memory). Storage device 1002 may also be referred to as a register, cache, main memory (main storage device), etc. Storage device 1002 can store programs (program code), software modules, etc., that are executable for implementing the communication method according to one embodiment of this disclosure.

[0435] The auxiliary storage device 1003 is a computer-readable recording medium, such as at least one of the following: CD-ROM (CompactDisc ROM) or other optical discs, hard disks, floppy disks, magneto-optical discs (e.g., compact discs, digital multifunction discs, Blu-ray discs), smart cards, flash memory (e.g., cards, sticks, key drives), floppy disks, magnetic stripes, etc. The aforementioned storage medium may, for example, be a database, server, or other suitable media that includes at least one of the storage device 1002 and the auxiliary storage device 1003.

[0436] The communication device 1004 is hardware (transceiver) used for communication between computers via at least one of a wired network and a wireless network. It may also be referred to as a network device, network controller, network interface card (NIC), communication module, etc. The communication device 1004 may, for example, be configured to include a high-frequency switch, duplexer, filter, frequency synthesizer, etc., to implement at least one of frequency division duplex (FDD) and time division duplex (TDD). For example, transceiver antennas, amplifiers, transceiver units, transmission path interfaces, etc., can also be implemented using the communication device 1004. The transceiver unit may also be physically or logically separated into a transmitting unit and a receiving unit.

[0437] Input device 1005 is an input device that accepts input from external sources (e.g., keyboard, mouse, microphone, switch, button, sensor, etc.). Output device 1006 is an output device that performs output to external sources (e.g., display, speaker, LED, etc.). Alternatively, input device 1005 and output device 1006 can also be integrated (e.g., a touch panel).

[0438] Furthermore, the processor 1001 and storage device 1002, among other devices, are connected via a bus 1007 for communicating information. The bus 1007 can be configured using a single bus or different buses can be used between each device.

[0439] Furthermore, the base station 10 and the terminal 20 can be configured to include hardware such as a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), a PLD (Programmable Logic Device), or a FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), and can also use this hardware to implement part or all of the functional blocks. For example, the processor 1001 can also be implemented using at least one of these hardware components.

[0440] Figure 13 An example of the structure of vehicle 2001 is shown. For example... Figure 13As shown, the vehicle 2001 includes a drive unit 2002, a steering unit 2003, an accelerator pedal 2004, a brake pedal 2005, a gearshift lever 2006, front wheels 2007, rear wheels 2008, an axle 2009, an electronic control unit 2010, various sensors 2021-2029, an information service unit 2012, and a communication module 2013. The various forms / implementations described in this disclosure can also be applied to communication devices mounted on the vehicle 2001, for example, to the communication module 2013.

[0441] The drive unit 2002 may be composed, for example, an engine, a motor, or a hybrid power system of an engine and a motor. The steering unit 2003 includes at least a steering wheel (also called a steering wheel) and is configured to steer at least one of the front wheels and the rear wheels based on the operation of the steering wheel operated by the user.

[0442] The electronic control unit 2010 consists of a microprocessor 2031, a memory (ROM, RAM) 2032, and a communication port (I / O port) 2033. Signals from various sensors 2021 to 2029 of the vehicle 2001 are input to the electronic control unit 2010. The electronic control unit 2010 can also be referred to as an ECU (Electronic Control Unit).

[0443] The signals from various sensors 2021 to 2029 include current signals from current sensor 2021 that senses the current of the motor, speed signals of the front or rear wheels obtained by speed sensor 2022, air pressure signals of the front or rear wheels obtained by air pressure sensor 2023, vehicle speed signals obtained by vehicle speed sensor 2024, acceleration signals obtained by acceleration sensor 2025, accelerator pedal depress signal obtained by accelerator pedal sensor 2029, brake pedal depress signal obtained by brake pedal sensor 2026, gear lever operation signals obtained by gear lever sensor 2027, and detection signals obtained by object detection sensor 2028 for detecting obstacles, vehicles, pedestrians, etc.

[0444] The Information Service Unit 2012 comprises various devices such as a car navigation system, audio system, speakers, television, and radio, used to provide (output) various information such as driving information, traffic information, and entertainment information, and one or more ECUs that control these devices. The Information Service Unit 2012 uses information obtained from external devices via a communication module 2013, etc., to provide various multimedia information and multimedia services to the occupants of the vehicle 2001. The Information Service Unit 2012 may include input devices that accept input from external sources (such as keyboards, mice, microphones, switches, buttons, sensors, touch panels, etc.), and may also include output devices that perform output to external sources (such as displays, speakers, LED lights, touch panels, etc.).

[0445] The Driver Assistance System 2030 comprises various devices used to prevent accidents or reduce driver workload, such as millimeter-wave radar, LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging), cameras, positioning devices (e.g., GNSS), map information (e.g., high-definition (HD) maps, autonomous vehicle (AV) maps), gyroscope systems (e.g., IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit), INS (Inertial Navigation System)), AI (Artificial Intelligence) chips, and AI processors, as well as one or more ECUs that control these devices. Furthermore, the Driver Assistance System 2030 transmits and receives various information via the communication module 2013 to achieve driver assistance or autonomous driving functions.

[0446] The communication module 2013 can communicate with the microprocessor 2031 and the components of the vehicle 2001 via the communication port. For example, the communication module 2013 can send and receive data with the drive unit 2002, steering unit 2003, accelerator pedal 2004, brake pedal 2005, gear shift lever 2006, front wheel 2007, rear wheel 2008, axle 2009, microprocessor 2031 in the electronic control unit 2010, memory (ROM, RAM) 2032, and sensors 2021 to 2029 in the vehicle 2001 via the communication port 2033.

[0447] The communication module 2013, controlled by the microprocessor 2031 of the electronic control unit 2010, is a communication device capable of communicating with external devices. For example, it can transmit and receive various types of information with external devices via wireless communication. The communication module 2013 can be located inside or outside the electronic control unit 2010. External devices can be, for example, base stations, mobile stations, etc.

[0448] The communication module 2013 can also wirelessly transmit at least one of the signals input to the electronic control unit 2010 from the various sensors 2021-2028 described above, the information obtained based on those signals, and the information obtained via the information service unit 2012 based on input from an external source (user) to an external device. The electronic control unit 2010, the various sensors 2021-2028, and the information service unit 2012 can also be referred to as input units that receive input. For example, the PUSCH transmitted by the communication module 2013 can contain the aforementioned input-based information.

[0449] The communication module 2013 receives various information (traffic information, signal information, vehicle-to-vehicle information, etc.) sent from external devices and displays it on the information service unit 2012 of the vehicle 2001. The information service unit 2012 can also be referred to as an output unit for outputting information (for example, outputting information to devices such as displays and speakers based on the PDSCH received by the communication module 2013 (or data / information decoded from the PDSCH). In addition, the communication module 2013 stores the various information received from external devices in a memory 2032 available to the microprocessor 2031. The microprocessor 2031 can also control the drive unit 2002, steering unit 2003, accelerator pedal 2004, brake pedal 2005, gear lever 2006, front wheels 2007, rear wheels 2008, axles 2009, sensors 2021 to 2029, etc., of the vehicle 2001 based on the information stored in the memory 2032.

[0450] (Summary of implementation methods)

[0451] As described above, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a terminal is provided, comprising: a control unit that performs asymmetric transform precoding between layer mapping and antenna port mapping to generate a DFT-s-OFDM (Discrete Fourier Transform-Spread-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) signal; and a transmission unit that transmits the DFT-s-OFDM signal, wherein the control unit sets parameters related to the asymmetric transform precoding.

[0452] The above structure improves the performance of DFT-s-OFDM while suppressing the increased complexity of the transmitter. In wireless communication systems, this can be achieved without increasing the complexity of the transmitter.

[0453] The parameters can be values ​​with the number of inputs precoded by the asymmetric transform as the numerator and the number of outputs as the denominator. Based on this structure, a transmitter that improves the performance of DFT-s-OFDM and suppresses the increase in complexity can be implemented.

[0454] The control unit can use the parameters that are communicated in association with the MCS (Modulation and Coding Scheme). Based on this structure, a transmitter that improves the performance of DFT-s-OFDM and suppresses the increase in complexity can be implemented.

[0455] The control unit can use the parameters associated with the modulation order. Based on this structure, a transmitter that improves the performance of DFT-s-OFDM and suppresses the increase in complexity can be realized.

[0456] The control unit can be designed so that the number of parameters is related to the coding rate. Based on this structure, a transmitter that improves the performance of DFT-s-OFDM while suppressing increased complexity can be implemented.

[0457] Furthermore, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a communication method is provided in which a terminal performs the following steps: performing asymmetric transform precoding between layer mapping and antenna port mapping to generate a DFT-s-OFDM (Discrete Fourier Transform-Spread-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) signal; transmitting the DFT-s-OFDM signal; and setting parameters related to the asymmetric transform precoding.

[0458] The above structure improves the performance of DFT-s-OFDM while suppressing the increased complexity of the transmitter. In wireless communication systems, this can be achieved without increasing the complexity of the transmitter.

[0459] (Supplement to the implementation method)

[0460] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above, but the disclosed invention is not limited to such embodiments. Those skilled in the art should understand various modifications, alterations, substitutions, and replacements. Specific numerical examples have been used to facilitate understanding of the invention, but unless otherwise specified, these values ​​are merely examples, and any appropriate values ​​may be used. The distinctions between items in the above description are not essential to the present invention. Items described in two or more items may be combined as needed, and items described in one item may be applied to items described in another item (as long as there is no contradiction). The boundaries of functional units or processing units in the functional block diagram do not necessarily correspond to the boundaries of physical components. Multiple functional units may be operated by a single physical component, or a single functional unit may be operated by multiple physical components. Regarding the processing described in the embodiments, the order of processing may be interchanged unless there is a contradiction. For ease of explanation, a functional block diagram is used to illustrate the base station 10 and terminal 20, but such a device may also be implemented by hardware, software, or a combination thereof. The software operating according to the embodiments of the present invention via the processor of the base station 10 and the software operating according to the embodiments of the present invention via the processor of the terminal 20 may also be stored in random access memory (RAM), flash memory, read-only memory (ROM), EPROM, EEPROM, register, hard disk (HDD), removable disk, CD-ROM, database, server and other suitable storage media, respectively.

[0461] Furthermore, the notification of information is not limited to the forms / implementations described in this disclosure, and other methods may also be used. For example, information notification may be implemented through physical layer signaling (e.g., DCI (Downlink Control Information), UCI (Uplink Control Information)), higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC (Radio Resource Control) signaling, MAC (Medium Access Control) signaling), broadcast information (MIB (Master Information Block), SIB (System Information Block)), other signals, or combinations thereof. In addition, RRC signaling may also be referred to as an RRC message, for example, it may be an RRC Connection Setup message, an RRC Connection Reconfiguration message, etc.

[0462] The various forms / implementations described in this disclosure can also be applied to at least one of LTE (Long Term Evolution), LTE-A (LTE-Advanced), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4G (4th generation mobile communication system), 5G (5th generation mobile communication system), FRA (Future Radio Access), NR (new Radio), W-CDMA (registered trademark), GSM (registered trademark), CDMA2000, UMB (Ultra Mobile Broadband), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.20, UWB (Ultra-Wideband), Bluetooth (registered trademark), other suitable systems, and next-generation systems extended therefrom. Furthermore, multiple systems can be combined (e.g., a combination of at least one of LTE and LTE-A with 5G, etc.) for application.

[0463] The processing procedures, timing, and flow of the various forms / implementations described in this specification may be rearranged in order, provided there is no contradiction. For example, the elements of various steps are indicated using an illustrative order for the methods described in this disclosure, but are not limited to the specific order indicated.

[0464] In this specification, certain actions performed by base station 10 may sometimes also be performed by its upper node, depending on the circumstances. In a network consisting of one or more network nodes having base station 10, it is obvious that various actions performed to communicate with terminal 20 can be performed by at least one of base station 10 and other network nodes besides base station 10 (e.g., considering MME or S-GW, but not limited to these). The above example illustrates the case where there is one other network node besides base station 10, but other network nodes can also be a combination of multiple other network nodes (e.g., MME and S-GW).

[0465] The information or signals described in this disclosure can be output from a higher (or lower) layer to a lower (or higher) layer. They can also be input or output via multiple network nodes.

[0466] Input or output information can be stored in a specific location (e.g., memory) or managed using a management table. Input or output information can be overwritten, updated, or appended. Output information can also be deleted. Input information can also be sent to other devices.

[0467] The determination in this disclosure can be made by a value represented by 1 bit (0 or 1), by a Boolean value (Boolean: true or false), or by a comparison of numerical values ​​(e.g., a comparison with a predetermined value).

[0468] Software, whether called software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or by other names, should be broadly interpreted as referring to commands, command sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subroutines, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, execution threads, procedures, functions, etc.

[0469] In addition, software, commands, information, etc., can be sent and received via a transmission medium. For example, when software is sent from a webpage, server, or other remote source using at least one of wired technologies (coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL) etc.) and wireless technologies (infrared, microwave, etc.), at least one of these wired and wireless technologies is included within the definition of a transmission medium.

[0470] The information, signals, etc., described in this disclosure can also be represented using any of a variety of different technologies. For example, the data, commands, instructions, information, signals, bits, symbols, chips, etc., that may be involved in the above description can be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, light fields or photons, or any combination of these.

[0471] Furthermore, the terms used in this disclosure and those necessary for understanding this disclosure may be replaced with terms that have the same or similar meanings. For example, at least one of the channel and symbol may also be a signal (signaling). Additionally, a signal may also be a message. Furthermore, a component carrier (CC) may also be referred to as carrier frequency, cell, frequency carrier, etc.

[0472] The terms “system” and “network” as used in this disclosure are used interchangeably.

[0473] Furthermore, the information, parameters, etc., described in this disclosure can be represented using absolute values, relative values ​​to predetermined values, or other corresponding information. For example, wireless resources can be indicated using indexes.

[0474] The names used for the above parameters are non-limiting in any respect. Furthermore, the formulas, etc., using these parameters sometimes differ from those explicitly disclosed in this disclosure. Various channels (e.g., PUCCH, PDCCH, etc.) and information elements can be identified by all appropriate names, therefore the various names assigned to these channels and information elements are non-limiting in any respect.

[0475] In this disclosure, the terms "base station (BS)," "wireless base station," "base station device," "fixed station," "NodeB," "eNodeB (eNB)," "gNodeB (gNB)," "access point," "transmission point," "reception point," "transmission / reception point," "cell," "sector," "cell group," "carrier," and "component carrier" are used interchangeably. Sometimes, terms such as macro cell, small cell, femtocell, and picocell are also used to refer to base stations.

[0476] A base station can accommodate one or more (e.g., three) cells. When a base station accommodates multiple cells, its coverage area can be divided into several smaller areas, each of which can provide communication services through a base station subsystem (e.g., a small indoor base station RRH: Remote Radio Head). Terms such as "cell" or "sector" refer to a portion or all of the coverage area of ​​at least one of the base station and base station subsystem providing communication services within that coverage area.

[0477] In this disclosure, the base station sending information to the terminal can also be replaced by the base station instructing the terminal on information-based control / actions.

[0478] In this disclosure, the terms "Mobile Station (MS)," "User Terminal (user terminal)," "User Equipment (UE)," and "Terminal" can be used interchangeably.

[0479] For mobile stations, those skilled in the art sometimes also use the following terms: subscriber station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, wireless unit, remote unit, mobile device, wireless device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriber station, access terminal, mobile terminal, wireless terminal, remote terminal, handheld device, user agent, mobile client, client, or some other appropriate terms.

[0480] At least one of the base station and mobile station can also be referred to as a transmitting device, receiving device, communication device, etc. Furthermore, at least one of the base station and mobile station can also be a device mounted on a mobile body, the mobile body itself, etc. The mobile body refers to an object capable of movement, with arbitrary speed. It also includes situations where the mobile body is stationary. Examples of mobile bodies include, but are not limited to, vehicles, transport vehicles, automobiles, motorcycles, bicycles, connected cars, excavators, bulldozers, wheel loaders, dump trucks, forklifts, trains, buses, rear cars, rickshaws, ships (ships and other watercraft), airplanes, rockets, artificial satellites, Drone (registered trademark), multi-rotor helicopters, quadcopter helicopters, balloons, and objects mounted on them. Additionally, the mobile body can also be a mobile body that moves autonomously based on operating commands. It can be a means of transportation (e.g., car, airplane), a mobile body moving in an unmanned manner (e.g., drone, autonomous vehicle), or a robot (humanized or unmanned). Furthermore, at least one of the base station and mobile station also includes devices that do not necessarily move during communication operations. For example, at least one of the base station and the mobile station can be an IoT (Internet of Things) device such as a sensor.

[0481] Furthermore, the base station in this disclosure can also be replaced by a user terminal. For example, the communication between the base station and the user terminal can be replaced by communication between multiple terminals 20 (e.g., D2D (Device-to-Device), V2X (Vehicle-to-Everything), etc.), and various forms / implementations of this disclosure can also be applied. In this case, the terminal 20 can also be configured to have the functions of the base station 10 described above. In addition, terms such as "uplink" and "downlink" can be replaced with terms corresponding to communication between terminals (e.g., "side"). For example, uplink channel, downlink channel, etc. can also be replaced with side channel.

[0482] Similarly, the user terminal in this disclosure can also be replaced by a base station. In this case, the base station can also be configured to have the functions of the aforementioned user terminal.

[0483] The terms "determining" and "determining" as used in this disclosure sometimes encompass a variety of actions. For example, "determining" or "determining" may include actions such as judging, calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, searching (e.g., searching in a table, database, or other data structure), and ascertaining, which are considered as actions of "determining" or "determining." Furthermore, "determining" or "determining" may include actions such as receiving (e.g., receiving information), transmitting (e.g., sending information), inputting, outputting, and accessing (e.g., accessing data in memory), which are considered as actions of "determining" or "determining." Moreover, "determining" or "determining" may include actions such as resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, and comparing, which are considered as actions of "determining" or "determining." That is, "judgment" and "decision" can include matters that are considered as having been "judged" or "decided". In addition, "judgment (decision)" can also be replaced by "assuming", "expecting", "considering", etc.

[0484] The terms “connected,” “coupled,” or any variations thereof are intended to indicate any direct or indirect connection or combination between two or more elements, including cases where there is one or more intermediate elements between the two elements that are “connected” or “coupled.” The combination or connection between elements can be physical, logical, or a combination of these. For example, “access” can be used instead of “connected.” In the context of this disclosure, it can be understood that two elements are “connected” or “coupled” to each other using at least one of one or more wires, cables, and printed electrical connections, and, as some non-limiting and non-inclusive examples, using electromagnetic energy with wavelengths in the wireless frequency domain, microwave region, and light (including both visible and invisible regions) to “connect” or “couple” to each other.

[0485] The reference signal can be simply called RS (Reference Signal), or, depending on the standard applied, pilot.

[0486] As used in this disclosure, the word "based on" does not mean "based on only" unless otherwise expressly stated. In other words, the word "based on" means both "based on only" and "based on at least".

[0487] Any reference to elements using the designations "first," "second," etc., as used in this disclosure does not necessarily limit the number or order of these elements. These designations may be used in this disclosure as a convenient method of distinguishing between two or more elements. Therefore, references to the first and second elements do not imply that only two elements can be taken, or that in any form the first element must precede the second element.

[0488] Alternatively, the "unit" in the structure of the above devices can be replaced with "section", "circuit", "equipment", etc.

[0489] When the terms "include," "including," and their variations are used in this disclosure, these terms, like the term "comprising," imply inclusion. Furthermore, the term "or" as used in this disclosure does not refer to XOR.

[0490] A radio frame can consist of one or more frames in the time domain. In the time domain, one or more frames can be called subframes. A subframe can also consist of one or more time slots in the time domain. A subframe can also be a fixed time length (e.g., 1 ms) independent of the parameter set (numerology).

[0491] A parameter set can be communication parameters applied to at least one of the transmission and reception of a signal or channel. For example, a parameter set can represent at least one of the following: Subcarrier Spacing (SCS), bandwidth, symbol length, cyclic prefix length, Transmission Time Interval (TTI), number of symbols per TTI, radio frame structure, specific filtering processing performed by the transceiver in the frequency domain, and specific windowing processing performed by the transceiver in the time domain.

[0492] In the time domain, a time slot can be composed of one or more symbols (OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) symbols, SC-FDMA (Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access) symbols, etc.). A time slot can be a time unit based on a set of parameters.

[0493] A time slot can contain multiple mini-time slots. Each mini-time slot can consist of one or more symbols in the time domain. Additionally, a mini-time slot can also be called a sub-time slot. A mini-time slot can consist of fewer symbols than a time slot. PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted in time units larger than mini-time slots can be called PDSCH (or PUSCH) mapping type A. PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted using mini-time slots can be called PDSCH (or PUSCH) mapping type B.

[0494] Radio frames, subframes, time slots, mini-time slots, and symbols all represent time units for transmitting signals. Radio frames, subframes, time slots, mini-time slots, and symbols can each be referred to by other corresponding names.

[0495] For example, one subframe can be called a Transmission Time Interval (TTI), multiple consecutive subframes can also be called a TTI, and one time slot or one mini-time slot can also be called a TTI. That is, at least one of the subframe and TTI can be a subframe (1ms) in existing LTE, a period shorter than 1ms (e.g., symbols 1-13), or a period longer than 1ms. In addition, the unit representing TTI can also be called a time slot, mini-time slot, etc., instead of a subframe.

[0496] Here, TTI refers, for example, to the smallest unit of time for scheduling in wireless communication. For instance, in an LTE system, the base station schedules the allocation of radio resources (bandwidth, transmit power, etc., available to each terminal 20) in units of TTI. However, the definition of TTI is not limited to this.

[0497] The Time Interval (TTI) can be a unit of time for transmitting channel-coded data packets (transmission blocks), code blocks, codewords, etc., or it can be a processing unit such as scheduling or link adaptation. Furthermore, when a TTI is given, the actual time interval (e.g., the number of symbols) that the transmission block, code block, codeword, etc., are mapped to can be shorter than that TTI.

[0498] Furthermore, when one time slot or one mini-time slot is referred to as a TTI, more than one TTI (i.e., more than one time slot or more than one mini-time slot) can also become the minimum time unit for scheduling. In addition, the number of time slots (mini-time slots) constituting the minimum time unit of the schedule can also be controlled.

[0499] A TTI with a duration of 1ms can also be called a normal TTI (TTI in LTE Rel.8-12), a regular TTI, a long TTI, a normal subframe, a regular subframe, a long subframe, a time slot, etc. A TTI shorter than a normal TTI can also be called a shortened TTI, a short TTI, a partial or fractional TTI, a shortened subframe, a short subframe, a mini time slot, a sub-time slot, a time slot, etc.

[0500] In addition, a long TTI (e.g., a normal TTI, a subframe, etc.) can be understood as a TTI with a duration of more than 1ms, and a short TTI (e.g., a shortened TTI, etc.) can be understood as a TTI with a duration of less than a long TTI but more than 1ms.

[0501] A resource block (RB) is a unit of resource allocation in both the time and frequency domains. In the frequency domain, it can contain one or more consecutive subcarriers. The number of subcarriers contained in an RB can be the same regardless of the parameter set, for example, it can be 12. The number of subcarriers contained in an RB can also be determined based on the parameter set.

[0502] Furthermore, the temporal domain of an RB can contain one or more symbols, and can be 1 time slot, 1 mini-time slot, 1 subframe, or 1 TTI in length. 1 TTI, 1 subframe, etc., can each be composed of one or more resource blocks.

[0503] In addition, one or more RBs can also be called Physical Resource Block (PRB), Sub-Carrier Group (SCG), Resource Element Group (REG), PRB pair, RB pair, etc.

[0504] Furthermore, a resource block can consist of one or more resource elements (REs). For example, 1 RE can be a radio resource area with 1 subcarrier and 1 symbol.

[0505] The Bandwidth Part (BWP) (also known as partial bandwidth, etc.) can also represent a subset of contiguous common resource blocks (RBs) used for a certain parameter set in a certain carrier. Here, common RBs can be determined by indexing RBs based on a common reference point of that carrier. PRBs can be defined and numbered within a BWP.

[0506] A BWP can include a UL BWP and a DL BWP. For a UE, one or more BWPs can be set within one carrier.

[0507] At least one of the configured BWPs can be active, and it is not assumed that the UE will transmit or receive predetermined signals / channels outside of the active BWP. In addition, "cell", "carrier", etc. in this disclosure can be replaced by "BWP".

[0508] The structures of radio frames, subframes, time slots, mini-time slots, and symbols described above are merely illustrative. For example, the number of subframes contained in a radio frame, the number of time slots in each subframe or radio frame, the number of mini-time slots contained in a time slot, the number of symbols and RBs contained in a time slot or mini-time slot, the number of subcarriers contained in an RB, and the number of symbols in a TTI, symbol length, and cyclic prefix (CP) length can be varied in many ways.

[0509] In this disclosure, for example, in cases where articles are added through translation, such as in English (e.g., a, an, and the), this disclosure may also include cases where the noun following these articles is in a plural form.

[0510] In this disclosure, the phrase "A and B are different" can mean "A and B are not the same." Furthermore, this phrase can also mean "A and B are each different from C." Terms such as "separate" and "combined" can also be interpreted in the same way as "different."

[0511] The various forms / implementations described in this disclosure can be used individually or in combination, and can be switched depending on the execution. Furthermore, the notification of predetermined information (e.g., a "It is X" notification) is not limited to being explicit, but can also be implicit (e.g., not being notified of the predetermined information).

[0512] The present disclosure has been described in detail above, but it will be clear to those skilled in the art that the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described herein. The present disclosure can be implemented as modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure as defined by the claims. Therefore, the present disclosure is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to be limiting.

[0513] Label Explanation

[0514] 10 base stations

[0515] 110 Dispatch Department

[0516] 120 Receiving Department

[0517] 130 Setting Department

[0518] 140 Control Department

[0519] 20 terminals

[0520] 210 Sending Department

[0521] 220 Receiving Department

[0522] 230 Setting Department

[0523] 240 Control Department

[0524] 1001 processor

[0525] 1002 Storage device

[0526] 1003 Auxiliary storage device

[0527] 1004 Communication device

[0528] 1005 Input Device

[0529] 1006 Output Device

Claims

1. A terminal having: The control unit performs asymmetric transform precoding between layer mapping and antenna port mapping to generate a DFT-s-OFDM signal, i.e., a Discrete Fourier Transform Extended Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (DFT-OFDM) signal; and The transmitting unit transmits the DFT-s-OFDM signal. The control unit sets parameters related to the asymmetric transform precoding.

2. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein, The parameter is a value with the input number as the numerator and the output number as the denominator of the asymmetric transform precoding.

3. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein, The control unit uses the parameters that are communicated in association with the MCS, i.e., the modulation and coding scheme.

4. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein, The control unit uses the parameters associated with the modulation order.

5. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein, The control unit assumes that the number of parameters is related to the coding rate.

6. A communication method in which a terminal performs the following steps: Asymmetric transform precoding is performed between layer mapping and antenna port mapping to generate DFT-s-OFDM signal, i.e., Discrete Fourier Transform Extended Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing signal; Send the DFT-s-OFDM signal; and Set the parameters related to the asymmetric transform precoding.

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