Fuel cell system, control method and device of fuel cell system, and equipment carrying fuel cell

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, and particularly provides a fuel cell system, a control method and device of the fuel cell system and equipment carrying a fuel cell, and the control method of the fuel cell system comprises the following steps: when the fuel cell system is started, obtaining operation information of the fuel cell system; when the operation information meets a preset condition, respectively purging an anode and a cathode of an electric pile in the fuel cell system; and after the purging of the anode and the cathode is completed, the fuel cell system is started. When the operation information of the fuel cell system meets the preset condition, the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the electric pile are purged respectively, and the fuel cell system is started after purging is completed, so that misjudgment on a single-low fault when the fuel cell system is started is reduced, and the use quality of the fuel cell system can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fuel cell technology, and in particular to a fuel cell system, its control method, apparatus, and equipment equipped with a fuel cell. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), as a pollution-free clean energy source, are gradually becoming one of the important energy supply methods in many fields such as the automotive industry, power generation, shipbuilding industry, and aerospace due to their excellent environmental friendliness.

[0003] During the operation of fuel cell systems, especially during startup, the system typically determines whether to start at room temperature or low temperature based on the ambient temperature, and then executes different startup strategies accordingly. However, this current startup method, which relies solely on ambient temperature to determine the startup mode, often results in single-low voltage faults in the fuel cell stack during startup. This impacts the continued operation of the fuel cell system and hinders improvements in its overall performance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention aims to propose a control method for a fuel cell system, which can help reduce the probability of single-stage failures during the start-up of the fuel cell system and improve the quality of use of the fuel cell system.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is implemented as follows:

[0006] A control method for a fuel cell system, the control method comprising:

[0007] When the fuel cell system is powered on, the operating information of the fuel cell system is acquired;

[0008] When the operating information meets the preset conditions, the anode and cathode of the fuel cell stack in the fuel cell system are purged respectively;

[0009] After purging the anode and the cathode, the fuel cell system is started.

[0010] The preset conditions include the following: the downtime of the fuel cell system before this startup is greater than a preset time threshold; the last shutdown of the fuel cell system was an emergency shutdown; or the fuel cell system is being shut down for the first time.

[0011] Furthermore, when the operating information meets the preset conditions, and the preset conditions are that the fuel cell system is running for the first time, the cathode is purged with humid air.

[0012] Furthermore, when the cathode is purged with humid air, the control method further includes:

[0013] Obtain the high-frequency impedance of the fuel cell stack;

[0014] When the high-frequency impedance of the fuel cell stack is lower than a preset impedance threshold, the purging of the cathode is stopped.

[0015] Furthermore, after purging the anode and the cathode, and before starting the fuel cell system, the control method further includes:

[0016] Fault diagnosis is performed on auxiliary components in the fuel cell system that have no feedback value;

[0017] When the auxiliary component malfunctions, the fuel cell system is stopped from starting, and a corresponding fault message is output.

[0018] The auxiliary components include a nitrogen venting valve and / or a drain valve in the fuel cell system.

[0019] Furthermore, when the auxiliary component is the nitrogen discharge valve or the drain valve, the fault diagnosis of the auxiliary component in the fuel cell system that has no feedback value includes:

[0020] The anode of the fuel cell stack is held at a constant voltage.

[0021] After the pressure holding is completed, the auxiliary component is activated, and the pressure of the anode is obtained;

[0022] If the voltage drop at the anode meets the preset requirement, the auxiliary component is determined to be fault-free; otherwise, the auxiliary component is determined to be faulty.

[0023] When the auxiliary components are the nitrogen discharge valve and the drain valve, the fault diagnosis of the auxiliary components in the fuel cell system that have no feedback value includes performing fault diagnosis on each of the auxiliary components in sequence, and the fault diagnosis of each auxiliary component includes:

[0024] The anode of the fuel cell stack is held at a constant voltage.

[0025] After the pressure holding is completed, the auxiliary component is activated, and the pressure of the anode is obtained;

[0026] If the voltage drop at the anode meets the preset requirement, the auxiliary component is determined to be fault-free; otherwise, the auxiliary component is determined to be faulty.

[0027] Furthermore, during the startup of the fuel cell system, the control method further includes:

[0028] Obtain the voltage of each individual cell in the fuel cell stack;

[0029] When a single low fault occurs in the fuel cell stack, the fuel cell system is shut down and restarted a preset number of times. Before each restart, the anode and cathode of the fuel cell stack in the fuel cell system are purged.

[0030] Furthermore, after restarting the fuel cell system a preset number of times, the control method further includes:

[0031] Continue to acquire the voltage of each individual cell in the fuel cell stack;

[0032] When a single low fault occurs in the fuel cell stack, the fuel cell system is shut down, and other single low fault diagnoses are performed.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0034] The control method for the fuel cell system described in this invention acquires the operating information of the fuel cell system when it is started, and purifies the anode and cathode of the fuel cell stack when the operating information meets preset conditions. After purging the anode and cathode, the fuel cell system is started. This avoids single-low-level faults in the fuel cell stack caused by prolonged system shutdown, emergency shutdown, or the first time the system is offline, which helps to reduce the probability of single-low-level faults when the fuel cell system is started, thereby improving the quality of use of the fuel cell system.

[0035] Another object of the present invention is to provide a control device for a fuel cell system, comprising an acquisition module, a first control module, and a second control module;

[0036] The acquisition module is used to acquire the operating information of the fuel cell system when the fuel cell system is powered on;

[0037] The first control module is used to control the fuel cell system to purge the anode and cathode of the fuel cell stack respectively when the operating information meets the preset conditions;

[0038] The second control module is used to control the start-up of the fuel cell system after the purging of the anode and the cathode is completed;

[0039] The preset conditions include the following: the downtime of the fuel cell system before this startup is greater than a preset time threshold; the last shutdown of the fuel cell system was an emergency shutdown; or the fuel cell system is being shut down for the first time.

[0040] In addition, the present invention also provides a fuel cell system, wherein the fuel cell system is provided with a memory and a processor;

[0041] The memory stores computer-readable instructions, which, when executed by the processor, implement the control method for the fuel cell system as described above.

[0042] In addition, the present invention also provides a device equipped with a fuel cell, wherein the fuel cell in the device adopts the fuel cell system described above.

[0043] The control device for the fuel cell system, the fuel cell system, and the equipment equipped with the fuel cell system described in this invention have the same beneficial effects as the control method described above compared to the prior art, and will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0044] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0045] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structural configuration of the fuel cell system described in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the control method for the fuel cell system described in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 3 This is a logic diagram of the control method for the fuel cell system described in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the control device of the fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the memory and processor in the fuel cell system described in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0051] 1. Fuel cell stack; 2. Hydrogen supply system; 3. Air supply system; 4. Control system; 5. Cooling system; 6. Exhaust system; 7. Voltage monitoring device;

[0052] 201. Flow control valve; 202. Nitrogen venting valve; 203. Drain valve;

[0053] 10. Acquisition module; 20. First control module; 30. Second control module;

[0054] 100. Memory; 200. Processor. Detailed Implementation

[0055] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0056] In the following description, specific details such as particular system architectures and techniques are set forth for illustrative purposes and not for limitation, in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of this application. However, those skilled in the art will understand that this application may also be implemented in other embodiments without these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, apparatuses, circuits, and methods have been omitted so as not to obscure the description of this application with unnecessary detail.

[0057] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "upper," "lower," "inner," and "outer," indicating orientation or positional relationship, is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and is only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description. It does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first" and "second" is also for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0058] Furthermore, in the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly defined, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "connector" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention in light of the specific circumstances.

[0059] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0060] Example 1

[0061] This embodiment relates to a control method for a fuel cell system. By executing the corresponding control method when the fuel cell system is started, it is beneficial to reduce the probability of single-stage failures occurring when the fuel cell system is started, thereby improving the quality of use of the fuel cell system.

[0062] In related technologies, taking proton exchange membrane fuel cells as an example, combined with... Figure 1 As shown, a fuel cell system generally includes a stack 1, a hydrogen supply system 2, an air supply system 3, a control system 4, a cooling system 5, and an exhaust system 6.

[0063] In this system, fuel cell stack 1 generates electricity through an electrochemical reaction between fuel (hydrogen) and an oxidant (oxygen), and outputs the electricity. Hydrogen supply system 2 is used to deliver hydrogen from a hydrogen source to the anode of fuel cell stack 1, and also... Figure 1 The flow control valve 201, nitrogen venting valve 202, and drain valve 203 are included in the hydrogen supply system 2. The hydrogen supply system 2 typically also includes components such as an ejector and a hydrogen circulation pump to achieve the recycling of anode hydrogen. The air supply system 3 is used to supply air to the cathode of the fuel cell stack 1, and it generally includes an air compressor, intercooler, humidifier, and multiple control valves.

[0064] The control system 4 is used to control the overall operation of the fuel cell system according to preset control commands. Besides the controller (e.g., the fuel cell controller FCU) integrated into the system, the control system 4 also includes numerous sensing components installed within the system. These sensing components, together with the corresponding controller, realize the operation control of the fuel cell system. The cooling system 5 supplies coolant to the fuel cell stack 1 and other components requiring cooling to prevent the stack 1 from overheating and affecting the normal operation of the system. The cooling system 5 typically includes components such as a coolant circulation pump, radiator, and heater. The exhaust system 6 is mainly used to discharge various exhaust gases from the system. Additionally, the coolant generated on the anode side of the fuel cell stack 1, i.e., in the hydrogen supply system 2, is also discharged through the exhaust system 6.

[0065] It should be pointed out that, in Figure 1 This is merely a simplified example of the structure of a fuel cell system provided for the purpose of describing the control method in this embodiment. In actual implementation, the above components, such as the fuel cell stack 1, hydrogen supply system 2, air supply system 3, control system 4, cooling system 5, and exhaust system 6, can all be found in the relevant parts of existing fuel cell systems and will not be described in detail here.

[0066] Based on the above introduction to fuel cell systems, in existing technologies, the traditional start-up method for fuel cell systems typically involves first determining whether to start at room temperature or low temperature based on the ambient temperature, and then executing different start-up strategies to activate the fuel cell system. This start-up method determines the corresponding start-up mode solely based on the ambient temperature, without considering factors such as the system's own operating conditions. Consequently, single-low-temperature faults often occur during system startup, affecting the continued operation of the fuel cell system and thus hindering the improvement of the fuel cell system's performance.

[0067] Therefore, in order to reduce the probability of single-low faults occurring during fuel cell system startup, combined with Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the control method of the fuel cell system in this embodiment mainly includes the following steps.

[0068] Step s1: When the fuel cell system is powered on, obtain the operating information of the fuel cell system.

[0069] In step s1, when the fuel cell system is powered on, the system's operating information can generally be obtained from the corresponding functional module in the control system 4.

[0070] Furthermore, for proton exchange membrane fuel cells, if the fuel cell stack 1 has not been started for an extended period, or if the last shutdown was an emergency shutdown, especially an emergency shutdown during startup, condensate is prone to accumulate in the stack 1. This can lead to water blockage and insufficient gas supply during system restart, resulting in a single-low voltage fault. Additionally, a long period without startup can also cause cathode air to permeate into the anode, leading to an empty-start phenomenon and reducing the durability of the fuel cell system.

[0071] In addition to the fact that stack 1 has not been started for a long time, i.e., the system has been shut down for a long time, and the system has experienced an emergency shutdown in the past. If the fuel cell system is a brand new unit that has just been assembled, i.e. the system is running for the first time, the proton exchange membrane is relatively dry. During the system startup process, the reaction produces less water under low current, which can easily lead to single-low failure due to membrane dryness and affect the durability of the fuel cell system.

[0072] Therefore, in step s1 of this embodiment, as a preferred implementation, the above-mentioned acquisition of the operating information of the fuel cell system can be, for example, the system operating time record information and system abnormality record information stored in the control system 4, so that the downtime of the fuel cell system before this start-up, whether the last system downtime was an emergency downtime, and whether the system is going offline for the first time can be determined through this information.

[0073] Step s2: When the operating information meets the preset conditions, purge the anode and cathode of the fuel cell stack 1 in the fuel cell system respectively.

[0074] In step s2, also as a preferred embodiment, based on step 1 which involves judging the system downtime before the current startup of the fuel cell system, whether the last system downtime was an emergency shutdown, and whether the system is being taken offline for the first time, the preset conditions in this embodiment may include, for example, the downtime of the fuel cell system before the current startup being greater than a preset time threshold, the last system downtime being an emergency shutdown, or the fuel cell system being taken offline for the first time.

[0075] That is, when the obtained system operation information indicates that the downtime of the fuel cell system before this start-up is greater than the preset time threshold, the last downtime of the fuel cell system was an emergency downtime, or the fuel cell system is running for the first time after being taken offline, this embodiment needs to purge the anode and cathode of the fuel cell stack 1 in the fuel cell system respectively.

[0076] In specific implementation, the aforementioned preset time threshold can be set by those skilled in the art based on the model, specifications, and other actual conditions of the fuel cell system; this invention does not impose any limitations. Furthermore, as an example, the aforementioned preset time threshold could be 3 days, meaning that when the downtime exceeds 3 days, it can be considered a prolonged period of system inactivity.

[0077] Furthermore, for emergency shutdowns of fuel cell systems, corresponding abnormal information is typically recorded in control system 4. By querying and identifying this abnormal information, the previous shutdown of the fuel cell system can be considered an emergency shutdown. For fuel cell systems undergoing initial offline operation, the entire system is in an initial state, and the records in control system 4, such as system operating time, are also in an initial state (e.g., operating time is 0). Therefore, by querying and identifying this recorded information, the fuel cell system can be considered to be undergoing its first offline operation.

[0078] In this embodiment, when the acquired operating information meets the preset conditions and the anode and cathode of the fuel cell stack 1 are purged respectively, it should be noted that, in specific implementation, for example, the anode and cathode can be purged separately according to the preset shutdown purging mode in the fuel cell system. These preset shutdown purging modes are usually related to the model and specifications of each fuel cell system, and are determined during system development and preset in the control system 4 when the system is offline. This embodiment will not elaborate further on this.

[0079] However, it is worth noting that in this embodiment, taking the above-mentioned preset conditions as an example, the conventional purging method is more suitable for situations where the system has not been running for a long time and where the system has experienced an emergency shutdown. In these two situations, purging can effectively remove moisture from the fuel cell stack 1 and prevent the accumulated condensate from causing water blockage and insufficient gas during the startup process, resulting in a single low-temperature fault.

[0080] However, regarding the initial off-line operation of a fuel cell system, as mentioned earlier, the proton exchange membrane in stack 1 is relatively dry during the initial off-line operation. This results in less water production during system startup under low current, making it prone to single-low voltage failures due to membrane dryness. Therefore, as a preferred embodiment, in the control method of this example, when the operating information meets preset conditions, and the preset condition is that the fuel cell system is undergoing its initial off-line operation, the cathode of stack 1 can be purged using, for example, humid air.

[0081] In this way, by using humid air to purge the cathode of fuel cell stack 1, the proton exchange membrane can be wetted, increasing the wettability of the proton exchange membrane and preventing single-low failure due to membrane dryness.

[0082] In practical implementation, the proportion of water in the humid air, i.e., the humidity of the humid air, can be set by those skilled in the art according to the actual situation, and this invention does not limit it. Moreover, generally speaking, the humidity of the humid air can be set according to the impedance of the fuel cell system and the purging time requirements. In particular, if the humidity of the humid air used for purging is too high or too low, it will often lead to a longer purging time. Therefore, a more moderate humidity can be used to shorten the purging time.

[0083] In this embodiment, the pressure of the humid air used for cathode purging can typically be high-power purging, that is, purging with a medium or large air volume. Specifically, for example, purging can be performed according to the operating conditions of the highest power point designed for the fuel cell system.

[0084] Furthermore, under a defined humidity and pressure, the duration of humid air purging of the cathode is as an exemplary embodiment. For example, in this embodiment, the high-frequency impedance of the fuel cell stack 1 can be obtained when the cathode is purged with humid air, and the purging of the cathode can be stopped when the high-frequency impedance of the fuel cell stack 1 is lower than a preset impedance threshold.

[0085] Thus, by judging the high-frequency impedance of stack 1, when the high-frequency impedance of stack 1 is lower than the preset impedance threshold, the purging of the cathode is stopped, which helps to reduce the system impedance and improve the working performance of the fuel cell system.

[0086] Step s3: After purging the anode and cathode, start the fuel cell system.

[0087] In step s3, after purging the anode and cathode of the fuel cell stack 1, the fuel cell system is ready to start and load power, entering the start-up process. At this time, purging the anode and cathode can at least reduce the condensate accumulated in the fuel cell stack 1 to a certain extent, and make the proton exchange membrane wet, thereby reducing single-low failures caused by water blockage, insufficient gas, or membrane dryness.

[0088] In addition, continue as Figure 3 As shown, after the anode and cathode are purged and before the fuel cell system is started, in a preferred embodiment, the control method of this embodiment can further perform fault diagnosis on auxiliary components in the fuel cell system that have no feedback value, and stop starting the fuel cell system when a fault exists in the auxiliary component, and output the corresponding fault prompt information.

[0089] The aforementioned auxiliary components may include, for example, at least one of the nitrogen venting valve 202 and the drain valve 203 in the fuel cell system.

[0090] Moreover, taking the nitrogen venting valve 202 and the drain valve 203 as examples, in the prior art, when the fuel cell system is started, these auxiliary components that have no feedback value (that is, they do not feed back their own status information to the control system 4) are not diagnosed. In other words, the fuel cell system cannot identify whether there is a fault in auxiliary components such as the nitrogen venting valve 202 and the drain valve 203 when it is started.

[0091] However, if the nitrogen venting valve 202 malfunctions and cannot open properly, it will cause insufficient hydrogen concentration in the anode of fuel cell stack 1, resulting in a low-fuel-density fault during startup. If the drain valve 203 malfunctions and cannot open properly, it will lead to insufficient anode drainage capacity, preventing the liquid water accumulated in the anode of fuel cell stack 1 from being discharged properly, ultimately also causing insufficient fuel supply and a low-fuel-density fault during startup.

[0092] Therefore, by diagnosing the faults of the auxiliary components in the fuel cell system that have no feedback value, namely the nitrogen discharge valve 202 and the drain valve 203, and stopping the start of the fuel cell system when these auxiliary components are faulty, this embodiment can also avoid the single low temperature problem of the fuel cell stack 1 caused by the faults of these auxiliary components.

[0093] Of course, when a fault is diagnosed in an auxiliary component and a corresponding fault message is output, technicians can repair or replace the faulty auxiliary component based on the fault message. Then, after the faulty auxiliary component has been repaired or replaced, the fuel cell system can be restarted.

[0094] In this embodiment, as a feasible exemplary implementation, for the diagnosis of the auxiliary component without feedback value, the auxiliary component is still the nitrogen venting valve 202 or the drain valve 203. The specific fault diagnosis process can be, for example, to maintain the pressure of the anode of the fuel cell stack 1. After the pressure maintenance is completed, the auxiliary component (i.e., the nitrogen venting valve 202 or the drain valve 203) is controlled to open and the pressure of the anode is obtained. Then, when the pressure drop of the anode meets the preset requirements, it is determined that the auxiliary component is not faulty; otherwise, it is determined that the auxiliary component is faulty.

[0095] When maintaining the pressure of the anode of fuel cell stack 1, the specific pressure can be referenced from the pressure maintained by the anode when the fuel cell system is shut down.

[0096] Furthermore, the pressure drop at the anode meets a preset requirement, which, for example, means that after the nitrogen venting valve 202 or the drain valve 203 is opened, the pressure at the anode can drop to atmospheric pressure within a set pressure relief time. Typically, the set pressure relief time can be, for example, 2-3 seconds or other time values. If the anode pressure can drop to atmospheric pressure within this time, it indicates that the nitrogen venting valve 202 or the drain valve 203 is not faulty.

[0097] In addition, in a fuel cell system, a nitrogen purging valve 202 and a drain valve 203 are generally provided simultaneously. Therefore, it is worth noting that if the nitrogen purging valve 202 and the drain valve 203 are present at the same time, that is, when the auxiliary components in this embodiment are the nitrogen purging valve 202 and the drain valve 203, the above-mentioned fault diagnosis of the auxiliary components without feedback value in the fuel cell system may specifically include performing fault diagnosis on each auxiliary component in sequence. Similarly, the fault diagnosis of each auxiliary component also includes maintaining the pressure of the anode of the stack 1. After the pressure maintenance is completed, the auxiliary component is controlled to open and the pressure of the anode is obtained. Then, when the pressure drop of the anode meets the preset requirements, it is determined that the auxiliary component is not faulty; otherwise, it is determined that the auxiliary component is faulty.

[0098] By performing the diagnostic process sequentially, it can be determined whether both the nitrogen venting valve 202 and the drain valve 203 are functioning properly. During each fault diagnosis, the anode holding pressure and preset requirements can still be set as described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0099] Still Figure 3 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, during the startup of the fuel cell system, the control method of this embodiment further includes acquiring the voltage of each individual cell in the fuel cell stack 1, and then, when a single low voltage fault exists in the fuel cell stack 1, controlling the fuel cell system to shut down and restarting the fuel cell system according to a preset number of times, and before each restart of the fuel cell system, purging the anode and cathode of the fuel cell stack 1 in the fuel cell system.

[0100] At this point, please continue to see Figure 1 As shown, the voltage of each cell in the stack 1 can generally be obtained using a voltage monitor 7, which can usually be regarded as part of the control system 4 of the fuel cell system.

[0101] By acquiring the voltage of each individual cell in fuel cell stack 1, and controlling the fuel cell system to shut down when a single low voltage fault occurs in fuel cell stack 1, the system is restarted a preset number of times. Simultaneously, before each restart, the anode and cathode of fuel cell stack 1 in the fuel cell system are continuously purged. Therefore, this embodiment can further utilize the preset number of purging cycles to effectively remove accumulated liquid water in fuel cell stack 1, or to make the proton exchange membrane's wettability more suitable, thus avoiding misjudgments of single low voltage faults caused by water blockage, insufficient gas, or membrane dryness.

[0102] In practical implementation, the aforementioned preset number of times can be set by those skilled in the art according to actual conditions, and the present invention does not impose any limitations. Furthermore, as an example, the aforementioned preset number of times can be, for example, 2 times.

[0103] See also Figure 3As shown in the figure, as a preferred embodiment, after restarting the fuel cell system a preset number of times, the control method of this embodiment may further include continuing to acquire the voltage of each individual cell in the stack 1, and then, when there is a single low fault in the stack 1, controlling the fuel cell system to shut down and performing other single low fault diagnosis.

[0104] At this time, if a single low fault is still found in the fuel cell stack 1 when the fuel cell system is started after multiple purging of the anode and cathode, it indicates that the single low fault is caused by other problems. Therefore, after the fuel cell system is shut down, the system can be controlled to perform other single low fault diagnosis in order to take corresponding measures.

[0105] In practice, the diagnosis of other types of single low-voltage faults in the fuel cell system can be performed according to the pre-set diagnostic instructions in the control system 4. The diagnostic methods may vary for different system designs, which will not be elaborated here.

[0106] Moreover, see still Figure 3 As shown, it is worth noting that during the startup of the fuel cell system, in addition to the possibility of a single low fault, other types of faults may also occur, which are sometimes unavoidable. When the system triggers other types of faults, similar to the single low fault, the control system 4 can perform corresponding diagnosis and processing according to the preset diagnostic instructions.

[0107] The control method of the fuel cell system in this embodiment adopts the above design. When the fuel cell system is started, the operating information of the fuel cell system is obtained, and when the operating information meets the preset conditions, the anode and cathode of the fuel cell stack 1 are purged respectively. After the anode and cathode are purged, the fuel cell system is started. This can avoid single low-level faults of the fuel cell stack caused by long-term system shutdown, emergency shutdown, and the first offline operation of the system. It is beneficial to reduce the probability of single low-level faults when the fuel cell system is started, and thus improve the quality of use of the fuel cell system.

[0108] Example 2

[0109] This embodiment relates to a control device for a fuel cell system, combined with... Figure 4 As shown, the control device includes an acquisition module 10, a first control module 20, and a second control module 30.

[0110] The aforementioned acquisition module 10 is used to acquire the operating information of the fuel cell system when the fuel cell system is started. The aforementioned first control module 20 is used to control the fuel cell system to purge the anode and cathode of the fuel cell stack 1 respectively when the operating information meets preset conditions. The aforementioned second control module 30 is used to control the fuel cell system to start after the purging of the anode and cathode is completed.

[0111] Specifically, referring to the description in Embodiment 1, similarly, the above-mentioned preset conditions in this embodiment also include the following: the downtime of the fuel cell system before this startup is greater than the preset time threshold, the last shutdown of the fuel cell system was an emergency shutdown, or the fuel cell system is being taken offline for the first time.

[0112] Furthermore, in the specific implementation of the control device of this embodiment, the above-mentioned modules can be existing module products with data transmission, storage or computing functions. At the same time, the above-mentioned modules in this embodiment can be set up separately, or preferably, they can be integrated into the controller of the fuel cell system.

[0113] In practical applications, the control process of the control device in this embodiment for the fuel cell system during startup can still be referred to the relevant description in Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0114] Example 3

[0115] This embodiment relates to a fuel cell system, combined with... Figure 5 As shown, the fuel cell system includes a memory 100 and a processor 200.

[0116] The memory 100 stores computer-readable instructions, which, when executed by the processor 200, enable the control method of the fuel cell system in Embodiment 1.

[0117] In specific implementation, the structure of the fuel cell system in this embodiment can refer to existing fuel cell systems, and the memory 100 and processor 200 can generally be integrated into the controller of the fuel cell system.

[0118] Furthermore, this embodiment also relates to a device equipped with a fuel cell, wherein the fuel cell in the device adopts the aforementioned fuel cell system.

[0119] Specifically, the fuel cell-equipped device in this embodiment can be, for example, a fixed electrical device, such as a fuel cell power generation device. However, besides being a fixed electrical device, the device in this embodiment can also be a mobile transportation device, such as a fuel cell vehicle, and there is no limitation on this.

[0120] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A control method for a fuel cell system, characterized in that, The control method includes: When the fuel cell system is powered on, the operating information of the fuel cell system is acquired; When the operating information meets the preset conditions, the anode and cathode of the fuel cell stack (1) in the fuel cell system are purged respectively; After purging the anode and the cathode, the fuel cell system is started. The preset conditions include the following: the downtime of the fuel cell system before this startup is greater than a preset time threshold; the last shutdown of the fuel cell system was an emergency shutdown; or the fuel cell system is being shut down for the first time.

2. The control method for a fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the operating information meets the preset conditions, and the preset conditions are that the fuel cell system is running for the first time after being taken offline, the cathode is purged with humid air.

3. The control method for a fuel cell system according to claim 2, characterized in that, When the cathode is purged with humid air, the control method further includes: Obtain the high-frequency impedance of the stack (1); When the high-frequency impedance of the stack (1) is lower than a preset impedance threshold, the purging of the cathode is stopped.

4. The control method for a fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized in that, After purging the anode and the cathode, and before starting the fuel cell system, the control method further includes: Fault diagnosis is performed on auxiliary components in the fuel cell system that have no feedback value; When the auxiliary component malfunctions, the fuel cell system is stopped from starting, and a corresponding fault message is output. The auxiliary components include a nitrogen venting valve (202) and / or a drain valve (203) in the fuel cell system.

5. The control method for the fuel cell system according to claim 4, Its characteristics are: When the auxiliary component is the nitrogen discharge valve (202) or the drain valve (203), the fault diagnosis of the auxiliary component in the fuel cell system that has no feedback value includes: The anode of the fuel cell stack (1) is held at a constant voltage. After the pressure holding is completed, the auxiliary component is activated, and the pressure of the anode is obtained; If the voltage drop at the anode meets the preset requirement, the auxiliary component is determined to be fault-free; otherwise, the auxiliary component is determined to be faulty. When the auxiliary components are the nitrogen discharge valve (202) and the drain valve (203), the fault diagnosis of the auxiliary components in the fuel cell system that have no feedback value includes performing fault diagnosis on each of the auxiliary components in sequence, and the fault diagnosis of each auxiliary component includes: The anode of the fuel cell stack (1) is held at a constant voltage. After the pressure holding is completed, the auxiliary component is activated, and the pressure of the anode is obtained; If the voltage drop at the anode meets the preset requirement, the auxiliary component is determined to be fault-free; otherwise, the auxiliary component is determined to be faulty.

6. The control method for a fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized in that, During the startup of the fuel cell system, the control method further includes: Obtain the voltage of each individual cell in the stack (1); When a single low fault occurs in the fuel cell stack (1), the fuel cell system is shut down and restarted a preset number of times. Before each restart of the fuel cell system, the anode and cathode of the fuel cell stack (1) in the fuel cell system are purged.

7. The control method for a fuel cell system according to claim 6, characterized in that, After restarting the fuel cell system a preset number of times, the control method further includes: Continue to acquire the voltage of each individual cell in the stack (1); When a single low fault exists in the fuel cell stack (1), the fuel cell system is shut down and other single low fault diagnoses are performed.

8. A control device for a fuel cell system, characterized in that: It includes an acquisition module (10), a first control module (20), and a second control module (30); The acquisition module (10) is used to acquire the operating information of the fuel cell system when the fuel cell system is turned on; The first control module (20) is used to control the fuel cell system to purge the anode and cathode of the stack (1) respectively when the operating information meets the preset conditions; The second control module (30) is used to control the fuel cell system to start after the anode and cathode have been purged; The preset conditions include the following: the downtime of the fuel cell system before this startup is greater than a preset time threshold; the last shutdown of the fuel cell system was an emergency shutdown; or the fuel cell system is being shut down for the first time.

9. A fuel cell system, characterized in that: The fuel cell system includes a memory (100) and a processor (200); The memory (100) stores computer-readable instructions, which, when executed by the processor (200), implement the control method of the fuel cell system according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

10. A device equipped with a fuel cell, characterized in that: The fuel cell installed in the device is the fuel cell system described in claim 9.

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