Multi-stage variable friction energy dissipation bridge damping device with constant pressure anti-looseness function

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of bridge engineering, and discloses a bridge damping device with constant pressure anti-loose function and multi-stage variable friction energy dissipation, which comprises a fixed friction plate, a limiting rod, a sliding friction plate, a hole, a driving rod, a connecting rod and a tension spring. When the main girder is longitudinally and transversely displaced relative to the bridge tower under the action of earthquake, vehicle and wind load, the driving rod drives the displacement between the multi-layer sliding friction plate and the multi-layer fixed friction plate, generates friction energy dissipation, and restrains vibration. The bridge damping device has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, large friction, constant stress, low installation requirement and good durability. The multi-layer fixed friction plate and the sliding friction plate are non-equal-thickness plates, the holes of the sliding friction plates of different layers have different shapes, sizes and positions, and can adapt to different amplitude and different energy dissipation requirements. The tension spring provides a persistent and constant pressure for the bridge damping device, ensures the stable and reliable friction, avoids the defects of easy loosening and large reduction of friction in the traditional bolt fastening mode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of bridge engineering technology and relates to a bridge vibration reduction device with multi-stage variable friction energy dissipation and constant pressure anti-loosening function. Background Technology

[0002] Under seismic loads, long-span bridges often experience significant dynamic responses between the main girder and the substructure. If the vibration energy cannot be dissipated effectively and promptly, stress concentrations can easily occur at structural joints, adversely affecting the overall safety, durability, and operational performance of the bridge. Therefore, scientifically configuring vibration damping and energy dissipation devices for bridges is one of the key measures to improve their seismic resistance and service reliability.

[0003] Currently, commonly used bridge vibration damping devices in the engineering field mainly include rubber bearings, hydraulic or viscous dampers, metal yield-type energy dissipation components, and friction energy dissipation devices. Among them, rubber bearings usually achieve vibration isolation effects through elastic deformation, but they are susceptible to aging due to environmental factors such as temperature and humidity during long-term service, and their mechanical properties may gradually degrade. Hydraulic or viscous dampers have good damping effects, but their structures are relatively complex, requiring high sealing performance and processing precision, resulting in relatively high manufacturing and maintenance costs. At the same time, their damping characteristics are also easily affected by temperature changes. Metal yield-type energy dissipation components absorb energy by the material entering the plastic stage, but they are prone to cumulative damage under repeated loading, which affects their energy dissipation stability and service life.

[0004] Friction-based energy dissipation devices have found some application in bridge vibration reduction due to their simple structure and clear energy dissipation principle. However, the effectiveness of friction energy dissipation mainly depends on the friction coefficient and the normal pressure at the interface. Existing friction devices mostly achieve energy dissipation through direct contact and sliding of components, which still has certain limitations: First, with prolonged use, the friction interface may gradually wear down and become smoother, leading to a decrease in the friction coefficient and thus a reduction in energy dissipation capacity. Second, under the complex dynamic loads of long-span bridges, the device's normal direction may experience significant displacement changes, potentially causing excessive contact pressure or even device failure due to detachment. Furthermore, when the main beam and substructure move relative to each other, existing friction energy dissipation devices struggle to achieve graded vibration reduction and energy dissipation at different vibration amplitudes, hindering the optimization and coordinated operation of structural stress performance.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a new type of bridge vibration damping device that is simple in structure, reliable in energy consumption mechanism, highly adaptable, easy to replace, and economical and efficient, in order to meet the ever-increasing demands of modern bridge engineering for seismic resistance and vibration reduction performance. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Based on the above problems, this invention proposes a bridge vibration damping device with multi-stage variable friction energy dissipation and constant pressure anti-loosening function.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention:

[0008] A bridge vibration damping device with multi-stage variable friction energy dissipation and constant pressure anti-loosening function includes fixed friction plates 1, limiting rods 2, sliding friction plates 3, holes 4, driving rods 5, connecting rods 6, and tension springs 7. Several layers of fixed friction plates 1 are constrained in a plane to the top of the bridge tower beam, pier, or abutment by the limiting rods 2. Several layers of sliding friction plates 3 are set between the layers of fixed friction plates 1. Holes 4 are reserved at both ends of the sliding friction plates 3. One end of the driving rod 5 is connected to the bottom of the main beam of the bridge, and the other end passes vertically through the holes 4 on the sliding friction plates 3. Connecting rods 6 are set between the driving rods 5 to form a rigid frame. Several vertical tension springs 7 are set between the top fixed friction plate 1 and the top surface of the bridge tower beam, pier, or abutment to provide constant pressure between the sliding friction plates 3 and the fixed friction plates 1, ensuring stable and reliable friction force. Under the influence of earthquakes, vehicle loads, and wind loads, when the main girder undergoes horizontal displacement relative to the crossbeam, the drive rod 5 causes displacement between the sliding friction plate 3 and the fixed friction plate 1, generating frictional force, consuming vibration energy, and suppressing vibration.

[0009] The fixed friction plate 1 and the sliding friction plate 3 are made of plates of equal thickness or plates of unequal thickness that gradually increase in thickness from the middle to the edge.

[0010] The holes 4 of the sliding friction plates 3 in different layers may have the same or different shapes and sizes.

[0011] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: (1) The present invention adopts the tension spring anti-loosening friction energy dissipation method, which has a simple structure, clear and stable force, large friction force, low installation requirements, good durability, low cost, and meets the long-term service requirements of bridge engineering; (2) Different sizes of holes are opened between different layers at both ends of the multi-layer sliding friction plate. Under small vibration conditions, the guide rod does not contact the friction plate or only contacts a few layers of friction plates, thereby ensuring that there is sufficient relative displacement space between the main beam and the cross beam, and avoiding excessive additional stress; when the vibration amplitude increases, the drive rod contacts the multi-layer friction plate and pushes it to slide, and achieves graded energy dissipation and vibration reduction through friction; (3) The multi-layer fixed friction plate and sliding friction plate adopt the form of gradually thickening from the middle to the edge, which can better adapt to the needs of large displacement and high energy consumption and small displacement and low energy consumption; (4) The present invention is applicable to the longitudinal and transverse relative displacement control between the main beam and the bridge tower (pier and abutment); (5) The present invention can control the bridge seismic response, as well as the wind vibration and vehicle vibration response; (6) The present invention is not limited to bridge seismic resistance, but can also be used for vibration reduction of other engineering structures. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a bridge vibration damping device with multi-stage variable friction energy dissipation and constant pressure anti-loosening function.

[0013] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a bridge vibration damping device with multi-stage variable friction energy dissipation and constant pressure anti-loosening function.

[0014] In the diagram: 1. Fixed friction plate, 2. Limiting rod, 3. Sliding friction plate, 4. Hole, 5. Drive rod, 6. Connecting rod, 7. Tension spring. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the technical solutions and accompanying drawings.

[0016] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the present invention proposes a bridge vibration damping device with multi-stage variable friction energy dissipation and constant pressure anti-loosening function, which includes a fixed friction plate 1, a limiting rod 2, a sliding friction plate 3, a hole 4, a driving rod 5, a connecting rod 6, and a tension spring 7.

[0017] Several layers of fixed friction plates 1 are constrained in a plane to the top of the bridge tower crossbeam, pier, or abutment by limiting rods 2. Several layers of sliding friction plates 3 are set between the layers of fixed friction plates 1. Holes 4 are reserved at both ends of the sliding friction plates 3. One end of the drive rod 5 is connected to the bottom of the main beam of the bridge, and the other end passes vertically through the holes 4 on the sliding friction plates 3. Connecting rods 6 are set between the drive rods 5 to form a rigid frame. Several vertical tension springs 7 are set between the top layer of fixed friction plates 1 and the top surface of the bridge tower crossbeam, pier, or abutment to provide constant pressure between the sliding friction plates 3 and the fixed friction plates 1, ensuring stable and reliable friction. Under the action of earthquakes, vehicle loads, and wind loads, when the main beam undergoes horizontal displacement relative to the crossbeam, the drive rod 5 causes displacement between the sliding friction plates 3 and the fixed friction plates 1, generating friction, consuming vibration energy, and suppressing vibration. Under the action of earthquakes, vehicle loads and wind loads, when the main beam of the bridge moves horizontally relative to the crossbeam of the bridge tower, the driving rod 5 causes the sliding friction plate 3 to move between the fixed friction plate 1 and the fixed friction plate 1, generating friction force, consuming vibration energy and suppressing vibration.

[0018] The holes 4 on the different sliding friction plates 3 are of different sizes, which allows the different layers of sliding friction plates 3 to start working when the main beam undergoes different displacements. The sliding friction plates 3 are made of plates of unequal thickness that gradually thicken from the middle to the edge, so that the greater the displacement, the greater the tension of the tension spring 7 and the greater the friction, thus meeting the different energy consumption requirements of different amplitudes.

[0019] The fixed friction plate 1 has sufficient strength, rigidity and wear resistance, and its surface is as rough as possible to improve friction. The number of layers, materials, size, form and quantity are not limited. It does not necessarily use plates of equal thickness. Plates of unequal thickness can be used, which gradually become thicker from the middle to the edge. Thus, when the displacement is larger, the entire bridge damping device is thicker, the tension spring 7 provides greater pressure, the friction force can be greater, more energy is consumed, and the control efficiency is higher.

[0020] The limiting rod 2 has sufficient strength, rigidity and wear resistance, and its material, size, form, quantity and position are not limited.

[0021] The sliding friction plate 3 has sufficient strength, rigidity and wear resistance, and its surface is as rough as possible to improve friction. The number of layers, materials, size, form and quantity are not limited. Similarly, the fixed friction plate 1 can also be adopted in the form of gradually thickening from the middle to the edge to achieve a similar effect.

[0022] The shape, size, number, and location of the holes 4 are not limited. The shape, size, and location of the holes 4 on different layers of sliding friction plates 3 are not necessarily the same. That is, different layers of sliding friction plates 3 do not necessarily work synchronously. Therefore, different layers of sliding friction plates 3 can be adjusted in stages according to the magnitude of the vibration or the size of the displacement to carry out friction damping work.

[0023] The drive rod 5 has sufficient strength and rigidity to pass freely and smoothly vertically through the holes 4 on each layer of sliding friction plate 3. Its material, size, form, quantity, and installation position are not limited.

[0024] The connecting rod 6 has sufficient strength and rigidity, and its material, size, form, quantity, and installation position are not limited.

[0025] The tension spring 7 has sufficient strength and stiffness, and its material, size, form, quantity, and installation position are not limited.

[0026] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not be considered as any limitation thereof. Any equivalent changes, modifications, or improvements made by those skilled in the art to the above embodiments when utilizing the technical solutions of the present invention should be considered as falling within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bridge vibration damping device with multi-stage variable friction energy dissipation and constant pressure anti-loosening function, characterized in that, The bridge vibration damping device includes a fixed friction plate (1), a limiting rod (2), a sliding friction plate (3), holes (4), a driving rod (5), a connecting rod (6), and tension springs (7). Several layers of fixed friction plates (1) are constrained in the plane to the top of the bridge tower beam, pier, or abutment by the limiting rod (2). Several layers of sliding friction plates (3) are set between the layers of fixed friction plates (1). Holes (4) are reserved at both ends of the sliding friction plates (3). One end of the driving rod (5) is connected to the bottom of the main beam of the bridge, and the other end passes vertically through the holes (4) on the sliding friction plates (3). Connecting rods (6) are set between the driving rods (5) to form a rigid frame. Several vertical tension springs (7) are set between the top fixed friction plate (1) and the top surface of the bridge tower beam, pier, or abutment to provide constant pressure between the sliding friction plate (3) and the fixed friction plate (1) to ensure stable and reliable friction force. The holes (4) of the sliding friction plates (3) of different layers have different shapes and sizes.

2. The bridge vibration damping device with constant pressure anti-loosening function and multi-stage variable friction energy dissipation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixed friction plate (1) and the sliding friction plate (3) are made of equal thickness or are made of unequal thickness plates that gradually thicken from the middle to the edge.

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