A method and equipment for determining the formation period of a strike-slip fracture.

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of geological structural deformation simulation technology, and discloses a method and apparatus for determining the formation period of strike-slip faults. The method includes: constructing a numerical model of the target strike-slip fault; determining the overlying stratum thickness at the time of the target strike-slip fault's development based on the numerical model and a pre-generated stratigraphic thickness model; wherein, in the stratigraphic thickness model, the fault segment length of the target strike-slip fault is used to characterize the overlying stratum thickness; and determining the formation period of the target strike-slip fault based on the overlying stratum thickness. This invention studies the influence of overlying stratum thickness on the fault segment length of strike-slip faults, and further discusses the linear relationship between fault segment length and overlying stratum thickness. It improves existing theories to solve more practical problems, such as predicting overlying stratum thickness based on fault segment length and analyzing the formation age of strike-slip faults, providing theoretical support for studying the geological overview and strike-slip fault evolution process of a certain region and for oil and gas exploration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of geological structural deformation simulation technology, and in particular to a method, apparatus, equipment, medium and product program for determining the formation period of strike-slip faults. Background Technology

[0002] In existing technologies, determining the age of strike-slip faults largely depends on estimating the amount of strike-slip displacement and studying existing and residual tectonic displacement markers. These displacement markers can be used to understand and analyze the nature of the fault dislocation zone. However, these displacement markers are difficult to find, making it difficult to determine their formation age. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide at least one method and apparatus for determining the formation period of a strike-slip fracture. The aim is to solve the technical problem that the existing technology relies entirely on strike-slip displacement and existing and residual structural displacement indicators to determine the formation period of a strike-slip fracture, but these strike-slip displacement and existing and residual structural displacement indicators are difficult to obtain, thus making it impossible to accurately determine the formation period of a strike-slip fracture.

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, at least one embodiment of this application provides a method for determining the formation period of a strike-slip fracture, comprising:

[0005] Construct a numerical model of the target strike-slip fracture;

[0006] The thickness of the overlying strata when the target strike-slip fault develops is determined based on the numerical model and the pre-generated stratum thickness model; wherein, in the stratum thickness model, the fault segment length of the target strike-slip fault is used to characterize the thickness of the overlying strata.

[0007] The formation period of the target strike-slip fault is determined based on the thickness of the overlying strata.

[0008] In some embodiments, constructing a numerical model for the target strike-slip fracture includes:

[0009] The target strike-slip fracture is meshed according to its extent to generate an initial model for the numerical model.

[0010] The initial model is numerically modeled using the rock mechanics parameters of the target strike-slip fracture to generate the numerical model.

[0011] In some embodiments, the rock mass mechanical parameters include: the density, Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio, internal friction angle, plastic yield stress, and plastic strain of the strata in the target strike-slip fracture.

[0012] In some embodiments, the step of generating a formation thickness model includes:

[0013] The numerical model is used to simulate plastic damage, tensile damage, and compressive damage of the target strike-slip fault to determine the relationship between the fault segment length and the thickness of the overlying strata.

[0014] In some embodiments, a method for determining the formation period of a strike-slip fracture further includes:

[0015] In the process of simulating plastic damage, tensile damage, and compressive damage of the target strike-slip fracture, a normal constraint is applied to the bottom thin plate of the numerical model, and displacement loading control is applied to the numerical model.

[0016] In some embodiments, a method for determining the formation period of a strike-slip fracture further includes:

[0017] During the simulation of plastic damage, tensile damage, and compressive damage of the target slip fracture, the left thin plate of the numerical model is bound to its corresponding left bottom portion.

[0018] In some embodiments, a method for determining the formation period of a strike-slip fracture further includes:

[0019] During the simulation of plastic damage, tensile damage, and compressive damage of the target slip fracture, the right thin plate of the numerical model is bound to its corresponding right bottom portion.

[0020] At least one embodiment of this application also provides a device for determining the formation period of a strike-slip fracture, comprising:

[0021] The numerical model building module is used to build a numerical model of the target strike-slip fracture.

[0022] The overlying strata thickness determination module is used to determine the overlying strata thickness when the target strike-slip fault develops based on the numerical model and a pre-generated strata thickness model; wherein, in the strata thickness model, the fault segment length of the target strike-slip fault is used to characterize the overlying strata thickness;

[0023] The formation period determination module is used to determine the formation period of the target strike-slip fault based on the thickness of the overlying strata.

[0024] At least one embodiment of this application also provides an electronic device, including: at least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, the instructions being executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the above-described method for determining the formation period of a strike-slip fracture.

[0025] At least one embodiment of this application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described method for determining the formation period of a strike-slip fracture.

[0026] An embodiment of this application provides a method for determining the formation period of a strike-slip fault, comprising: first, constructing a numerical model of the target strike-slip fault; then, determining the thickness of the overlying strata at the time of the development of the target strike-slip fault based on the numerical model and a pre-generated stratigraphic thickness model; wherein, in the stratigraphic thickness model, the fault segment length of the target strike-slip fault is used to characterize the thickness of the overlying strata; and finally, determining the formation period of the target strike-slip fault based on the thickness of the overlying strata.

[0027] In summary, this invention provides a method for determining the formation period of strike-slip faults. Under load, the method simulates the segment lengths of strike-slip faults with different overlying strata thicknesses. Multiple simulations of the growth and development process of strike-slip faults with different overlying strata thicknesses are completed, yielding the simulated strike-slip fault evolution process and obtaining the equivalent plastic strain. The equivalent plastic strain is a measure of the plastic deformation of the material and is a scalar quantity. Based on the equivalent plastic strain, the segment lengths of strike-slip faults can be measured. The overlying strata thickness corresponding to the segment lengths is determined, and analysis shows a linear correlation between the overlying strata thickness and the segment lengths of strike-slip faults. Therefore, the overlying strata thickness during the development of strike-slip faults can be inferred from the measured strike-slip fault lengths, thereby analyzing the formation age of the strike-slip fault. Attached Figure Description

[0028] One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, and these illustrative descriptions do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for determining the formation period of a strike-slip fracture, provided in one embodiment of this application.

[0030] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating step 100 provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a method for determining the formation period of strike-slip fracture provided in a specific embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a detailed size diagram of the model provided in the specific implementation of this application;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a simulation result diagram of the numerical model provided in a specific embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a linear relationship diagram between the thickness T of the overlying strata of the strike-slip fault and the segment length L of the strike-slip fault, provided in a specific embodiment of this application.

[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a device for determining the formation period of a strike-slip fracture, provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in another embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0037] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the various embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, those skilled in the art will understand that many technical details have been provided in the various embodiments of this application to help readers better understand this application. However, the technical solutions claimed in this application can be implemented even without these technical details and various changes and modifications based on the following embodiments. The division of the various embodiments below is for the convenience of description and should not constitute any limitation on the specific implementation of this application. The various embodiments can be combined with and referenced by each other without contradiction.

[0038] Example 1:

[0039] The method for determining the formation period of a strike-slip fracture according to this embodiment can be applied to electronic devices with communication, computing, and data storage capabilities. The specific process can be as follows: Figure 1 As shown, it includes:

[0040] Step 100: Construct a numerical model of the target strike-slip fracture;

[0041] Step 200: Determine the thickness of the overlying strata when the target strike-slip fault develops based on the numerical model and the pre-generated stratum thickness model; wherein, in the stratum thickness model, the fault segment length of the target strike-slip fault is used to characterize the thickness of the overlying strata.

[0042] Step 300: Determine the formation period of the target strike-slip fault based on the thickness of the overlying strata.

[0043] An embodiment of this application provides a method for determining the formation period of a strike-slip fault, comprising: first, constructing a numerical model of the target strike-slip fault; then, determining the thickness of the overlying strata at the time of the development of the target strike-slip fault based on the numerical model and a pre-generated stratigraphic thickness model; wherein, in the stratigraphic thickness model, the fault segment length of the target strike-slip fault is used to characterize the thickness of the overlying strata; and finally, determining the formation period of the target strike-slip fault based on the thickness of the overlying strata.

[0044] In summary, this invention provides a method for determining the formation period of strike-slip faults. Under load, the method simulates the segment lengths of strike-slip faults with different overlying strata thicknesses. Multiple simulations of the growth and development process of strike-slip faults with different overlying strata thicknesses are completed, yielding the simulated strike-slip fault evolution process and obtaining the equivalent plastic strain. The equivalent plastic strain is a measure of the plastic deformation of the material and is a scalar quantity. Based on the equivalent plastic strain, the segment lengths of strike-slip faults can be measured. The overlying strata thickness corresponding to the segment lengths is determined, and analysis shows a linear correlation between the overlying strata thickness and the segment lengths of strike-slip faults. Therefore, the overlying strata thickness during the development of strike-slip faults can be inferred from the measured strike-slip fault lengths, thereby analyzing the formation age of the strike-slip fault.

[0045] Example 2:

[0046] In some examples, the strike-slip fault in step 100 is a type of fault, referring to a geological fault caused by horizontal movement of the Earth's crust. The main characteristic of a strike-slip fault is that the blocks on either side of the fault move horizontally along the fault plane, rather than vertically. Based on the relative direction of movement of the blocks on either side, strike-slip faults can be further classified as follows:

[0047] Right-lateral strike-slip fault: If you stand on one side of a fault and the landmass on the other side moves to the right, it is called a right-lateral strike-slip fault.

[0048] Left-lateral strike-slip fault: If you stand on one side of a fault and the block on the other side moves to the left, it is called a left-lateral strike-slip fault.

[0049] The formation of strike-slip faults is usually related to changes in the crustal stress field, especially in regions dominated by horizontal shear stress. Because the movement of such faults is mainly horizontal, displacement characteristics parallel to the fault will form on the Earth's surface.

[0050] Strike-slip faults, characterized by relative sliding between two sides along their strike, have long been a focus of structural geology research. Oil and gas exploration practices have confirmed the crucial controlling role of strike-slip faults within a cratonic basin in reservoir development and hydrocarbon accumulation. During the growth and development of strike-slip faults, varying overlying strata thicknesses lead to differences in fault segment lengths. Finite element numerical simulations can model the segment development process of strike-slip faults, providing significant theoretical insights into the segment development patterns of short-slip strike-slip faults in stable zones of cratonic basins.

[0051] For step 200, the numerical model of strike-slip faults is used to simulate and analyze the crustal deformation, stress accumulation and release processes caused by the horizontal relative movement of plates, which can provide a better understanding of the physical processes of strike-slip faults. Constructing a numerical model of a strike-slip fault involves multiple aspects, including fault geometry, stress field, material properties, and motion rules.

[0052] The framework for building a numerical model of strike-slip fracture: The numerical model used to simulate strike-slip fracture requires the following steps and elements:

[0053] (1) Fault geometry and fault plane: Strike-slip faults are represented as a two-dimensional or three-dimensional fault plane. The numerical model first needs to establish the geometric structure of the fault, including the location, length, width, and dip angle of the fault plane.

[0054] Faults can be planar (2D model) or curved (3D model), and the slip direction and velocity of the fault need to be considered.

[0055] (2) Material and physical properties: In numerical simulation, different material properties need to be specified for each region of the model, including the elastic modulus, friction coefficient, shear strength, etc. of the rock.

[0056] The fracture surface has special frictional characteristics, and these friction coefficients determine the process of stress accumulation and release on the fracture surface.

[0057] (3) Stress field and boundary conditions: To simulate the stress field in the Earth's crust, the numerical model needs to specify external boundary conditions, which are the direction and velocity of plate movement. Plate movement on both sides of a fault leads to the accumulation of horizontal shear stress, which in turn causes fault slip. In addition, the distribution of the stress field can be set based on seismic activity data or geological surveys.

[0058] (4) Fault slip model: The numerical model uses a friction model to describe the slip behavior on the fault plane. Friction models include the Coulomb friction model, the viscous friction model, etc.

[0059] Coulomb friction model: describes sliding behavior through the relationship between frictional force and normal force, which is a process of stress accumulation and release.

[0060] Viscous friction model: More complex, it can simulate fault slip caused by viscous flow effects.

[0061] (5) Dynamic simulation and earthquake occurrence: For numerical simulation of strike-slip faults, especially in earthquake research, dynamic models can be used to simulate the process of fault slip.

[0062] When the stress accumulation on both sides of a fault exceeds the fault's shear strength, the fault will suddenly slip, generating seismic waves. Numerical models predict earthquakes by calculating the stress release process.

[0063] (6) Time stepping and numerical solution: The numerical simulation uses discretization methods such as the finite element method (FEM) and the finite difference method (FDM) to solve the motion process of the fault at different time steps. These methods simulate the slip and stress changes of the fault at different time steps through iteration.

[0064] Finite Element Method (FEM): The finite element method is a numerical method widely used in fault simulation. In strike-slip fault problems, the finite element method can be used to discretize the fault region and calculate the fault slip process, stress distribution, etc. By setting different formation properties and friction models, the finite element method can simulate the deformation process of faults and seismic activity.

[0065] (2) Finite Difference Method (FDM): The finite difference method is suitable for solving partial differential equations, especially for simulating stress accumulation and fault slip in strike-slip fractures, and is used for spatial and temporal discretization. In the numerical simulation of strike-slip fractures, the finite difference method can be used to simulate the evolution of the stress field and the slip process of the fault.

[0066] (3) Discrete Element Method (DEM): The Discrete Element Method is particularly suitable for studying large-scale rock fracturing and fault slip. By simulating the interactions between particles or unit cells, the Discrete Element Method can provide more detailed simulations of fault slip and seismic activity. This method is used to study the deformation behavior of faults and the characteristics of earthquake source at different scales.

[0067] For step 300, the formation period of a strike-slip fault is determined based on the thickness of the overlying strata. This primarily relies on inferring the timing of fault activity through the sedimentary and tectonic deformation histories of the strata. A comprehensive assessment is made by combining geochronology, stratigraphy, and the slip characteristics of the strike-slip fault. The following is the process of inferring the formation period of a strike-slip fault based on the thickness of the overlying strata:

[0068] 1. Relationship between strike-slip faults and overlying strata: Strike-slip faults are faults caused by horizontal shear stress, primarily sliding along the fault plane. The overlying strata refer to the sedimentary rock layers or tectonic units located above the fault; their thickness and sedimentary characteristics can, to some extent, reflect the timing of fault formation and activity. The activity of strike-slip faults can cause deformation or shearing of the overlying strata. For example, fault activity may lead to displacement, twisting, or even fault disengagement of sediments. These deformation characteristics can serve as important clues for determining the formation period of the fault.

[0069] 2. The principle of inferring the formation period of a fault using the thickness of the overlying strata: By analyzing the relationship between the fault and the overlying strata, the formation period of a strike-slip fault can be inferred from the following aspects:

[0070] (1) Deposition rate of overlying strata: The thickness of sedimentary strata is closely related to time. Assuming the deposition rate is known (or can be estimated through stratigraphic analysis), the age of the strata can be inferred from the thickness of the deposited strata. If the overlying strata are very thick and the deposition rate is high, it indicates that the deposition period of the strata may be relatively long. This may mean that the strike-slip faults formed earlier, because the faults may have already appeared during the sediment deposition process and affected the deposition process.

[0071] (2) Degree of deformation of overlying strata: If a strike-slip fault forms early, it may cause significant deformation of the overlying strata. For example, the activity of a strike-slip fault may cause the strata near the fault to shift, fold, or shear, resulting in obvious strata displacement. If the overlying strata are thick and there are no obvious signs of fault deformation, it indicates that the fault formed later, possibly after the formation of the overlying strata.

[0072] (3) Relative age of sediments: In stratigraphy, the relative or absolute age of sediments can be obtained through techniques such as radiometric dating and magnetic geochronology. If the strike-slip fault occurred in a later period, the sediments in the overlying strata should be relatively young.

[0073] Conversely, if the overlying strata have undergone multiple sedimentary processes and the fault deformation depth is large, it may indicate that the fault activity began in an earlier period of geological history.

[0074] The specific steps and methods include:

[0075] During the field investigation, stratigraphic data around the fault were collected through boreholes, geological profiles, and outcrop observations. Analysis of the sedimentary characteristics, thickness, and depositional environment of these strata allowed for the estimation of sediment age and deposition rate. Comparison of the ages of different strata revealed the relationship between the overlying strata and the fault. Deformation characteristics of the overlying strata of the strike-slip fault zone were analyzed, including stratigraphic displacement, deformation zone width, and signs of fault activity. Based on the degree and location of deformation, the timing of fault activity could be inferred. If the overlying strata showed significant displacement and the sediments were relatively young, it likely indicated that the strike-slip fault activity occurred within a short period after the deposition of the overlying strata.

[0076] Based on the deposition rates of different sedimentary environments and the thickness of the overlying strata, the deposition time of the strata can be estimated. For example, the deposition rates of fluvial, lacustrine, and marine sediments typically differ. Through these estimations, the depositional period of the overlying strata can be roughly inferred, thereby estimating the formation period of the strike-slip fault.

[0077] Preferably, methods such as radiometric dating, fossil chronology, and paleomagnetism are used to determine the age of the overlying strata. These techniques can provide a more accurate timescale for estimating the formation period of faults.

[0078] Taking a typical strike-slip fault zone as an example, assuming the overlying strata are 1000 meters thick and the deposition rate is 200 meters per million years, we can estimate that the overlying strata formed approximately 5 million years ago. Furthermore, if the fault deformation characteristics (such as slip and displacement) indicate that the fault was active at least after the deposition of the overlying strata, we can preliminarily infer that the strike-slip fault likely formed after the deposition of the overlying strata.

[0079] In some embodiments, see Figure 2 Step 100 includes:

[0080] Step 101: Mesh the target strike-slip fracture according to its extent to generate the initial model of the numerical model;

[0081] Specifically, based on the strike-slip fracture extent in the study area, the model size is determined, and an initial model is constructed with a length 'a', a width 'b', and a thickness 'T'. The entire model is then meshed into n elements, which constitute the entire model, resulting in the meshed initial model.

[0082] In the above method, the model parameters are set as follows:

[0083] Numerical model dimensions: a×b×T=10km×4km×0.3(0.5, 0.7, 0.9)km.

[0084] Step 102: The initial model is numerically modeled using the rock mass mechanical parameters of the target strike-slip fracture to generate the numerical model.

[0085] Specifically, the rock mass mechanical parameters involved in the numerical simulation are set, and the model is assigned properties. These include plastic damage, tensile damage, and compressive damage. The failure element deletion algorithm is used to realize the numerical simulation of strike-slip fracture, and the evolution process of strike-slip fracture is obtained.

[0086] The failure element removal algorithm is used to simulate the damage and failure process of strike-slip fractures under external forces, and is widely used, especially in numerical simulations such as finite element analysis (FEM) or discrete element analysis (DEM). The purpose of this algorithm is to progressively remove or "disconnect" failure elements (or damaged elements) in the simulation in order to more accurately reflect the nonlinear behavior and failure process of the structure under external loading.

[0087] In finite element analysis or other numerical simulations, structural failure can occur through multiple mechanisms (such as tension, compression, shear, etc.). To represent this process in the numerical model, a "damage" or "failure" model is typically used. The core idea of ​​the failure element deletion algorithm is to determine whether to delete or disconnect an element from the calculation by assessing its stress, strain, or damage state during the calculation. The main steps include:

[0088] Damage assessment criteria: Based on the failure criteria of strike-slip fracture (such as the maximum stress criterion, maximum strain criterion, Mohr-Coulomb criterion, etc.), determine whether the element has been damaged.

[0089] Element deletion upon failure: When an element meets the failure criteria, the element is deleted, its strength is reduced to zero, or the corresponding item in its stiffness matrix is ​​set to zero (so that the element no longer participates in the mechanical behavior calculation of the structure).

[0090] Recalculate the system: After deleting elements, recalculate the stress, strain, and displacement fields of the system. Continue iterating based on the updated structural response until structural failure or design criteria are met.

[0091] The core issue of destructive cell deletion algorithms is how to determine when to delete a cell. Preferably, the destruction criteria include:

[0092] Maximum stress criterion: When the maximum principal stress of an element exceeds the tensile or compressive strength of a strike-slip fracture, the element is considered to have failed. This method is suitable for simulating the failure of brittle formations, but not for formations with significant plastic deformation or plastic flow.

[0093] Maximum strain criterion: When the maximum principal strain of an element exceeds the maximum allowable strain of a strike-slip fracture, the element is considered to have failed. This criterion is applicable to formations with large tensile or compressive deformations, and is particularly suitable for simulating plastic formations. For formations with significant plastic flow, this criterion is used to determine failure.

[0094] Energy failure criteria: These criteria determine whether a formation has failed based on its energy absorption capacity during the failure process. For example, failure is considered to have occurred when the energy of a formation's failure (such as the energy released during crack propagation) exceeds a certain critical value. Specifically, corresponding methods include fracture toughness criteria, such as G1c (critical fracture energy for crack propagation).

[0095] The Mohr-Coulomb criterion is applicable to simulating shear failure. Formation failure is determined based on the combination of shear stress and normal stress; failure is considered to have occurred when a certain critical value is exceeded.

[0096] Damage evolution models: These models typically incorporate stress and strain history to consider the damage evolution process of the formation and determine when to remove elements based on a damage index. For example, damage mechanics-based models can simulate the damage process of strike-slip fractures by gradually increasing damage variables and removing elements when the damage reaches a certain threshold.

[0097] Furthermore, the steps of the destructive unit removal algorithm include:

[0098] (1) Initialization: Determine the basic parameters such as the mechanical properties of the formation, the element mesh generation, and the loading conditions. Also set the failure criteria, including failure standards such as maximum stress, strain, or energy release.

[0099] (2) Gradual loading: During each loading step, calculate the stress, strain, deformation, and other responses of each element. Check whether each element meets the failure criterion. If it does, mark the element as "failed".

[0100] (3) Delete damaged units: Different operations can be performed on units marked as damaged:

[0101] Delete element: Completely remove the damaged element from the calculation, meaning that the element will no longer participate in the solution of the global stiffness matrix.

[0102] Reduce stiffness: Set the stiffness matrix of the failed element to zero, simulating the failure of the element but still participating in the solution of the global stiffness matrix.

[0103] Split elements: In fracture simulation, a damaged element may be split into multiple sub-elements, and each sub-element continues to participate in the analysis according to the damage condition.

[0104] (4) Update the system: Update the mechanical response of the structure and calculate the new displacement field, stress field and deformation. If necessary, adjust the global stiffness matrix and recalculate the equilibrium state of the structure. Repeat steps (2) and (3) until the loading ends or the system reaches its final failure state.

[0105] Among them, the rock mechanics parameters include the density, Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio, internal friction angle, plastic yield stress, and plastic strain of the strata;

[0106] In the above method, the rock mass mechanical parameters are specifically set as follows: the density of the strata is 2500 kg / m³. 3 The Young's modulus is 5e11 Pa, the Poisson's ratio is 0.3, the internal friction angle is 30°, the plastic yield stress is 2e8 Pa, and the plastic strain is 0.

[0107] In some examples, the rock mechanics parameters include: the density, Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio, internal friction angle, plastic yield stress, and plastic strain of the strata to which the target strike-slip fault belongs.

[0108] Specifically, formation density is the mass per unit volume. Young's modulus is a parameter that measures the elastic hardness of a formation, describing the relationship between stress and strain during elastic deformation. A higher Young's modulus indicates a harder formation and a stronger resistance to deformation. Poisson's ratio is the ratio of lateral strain to axial strain when a formation is subjected to axial tension or compression. Typically, Poisson's ratio is between 0 and 0.5. Poisson's ratio is an indicator of the isotropic nature of a formation. It is often used to calculate the lateral deformation of a formation under external forces and, together with Young's modulus, to calculate the elastic constants of a formation. Formations with a Poisson's ratio close to 0.5 exhibit small lateral deformation and are typically close to ideal elasticity (such as rubber); formations close to 0 indicate extremely brittle or highly heterogeneous formations.

[0109] The internal friction angle is the angle relating the frictional resistance and normal force of a formation during shear failure. It is a crucial mechanical parameter of the formation, determining its shear strength under shear stress. The plastic yield stress is the initial stress at which plastic deformation occurs in the formation. When the stress in the formation exceeds the yield stress, the formation enters the plastic zone and undergoes irreversible deformation.

[0110] When the stratum stress exceeds the yield stress, permanent deformation may occur. Common yield criteria include the von Mises yield criterion and the maximum shear stress criterion.

[0111] The von Mises yield criterion, also known as the equivalent stress criterion, is a criterion based on the yield strength of a formation, used to describe the yielding behavior of formations under multiaxial stress. This criterion assumes that yielding depends only on the "equivalent" stress of the stress state and is primarily used to predict formation yield.

[0112] The von Mises yield criterion states that yielding occurs when the equivalent stress (or deformation energy) under stress reaches the yield limit of the formation. This criterion assumes that the yielding of a formation is primarily related to the deformation energy (or internal plastic flow) of the formation, and is independent of the specific stress direction.

[0113] In other words, even under complex three-dimensional stress conditions (such as the presence of shear stress, tensile stress, and compressive stress), as long as the equivalent stress (von Mises stress) exceeds the yield stress of the formation, the formation will begin to enter the plastic deformation stage.

[0114] The maximum shear stress criterion, also known as the Tresca yield criterion, is a yield criterion based on shear stress. This criterion assumes that formation yielding occurs when the maximum shear stress reaches a certain critical value. It assumes that formation yielding is determined by the maximum shear stress, without considering the formation's deformation energy.

[0115] The physical meaning of the maximum shear stress criterion: This criterion assumes that formation yielding occurs when the maximum shear stress reaches a certain critical value. This means that yielding depends not only on the normal stress but also on the magnitude of the shear stress. The yield stress is determined by the difference between the maximum and minimum principal stresses, and in effect, it describes the onset of shear deformation.

[0116] Plastic strain is the irreversible deformation that occurs in a formation after the yield stress has been exceeded. Unlike elastic strain, plastic strain cannot be restored to its original state by removing the external load.

[0117] In some cases, the steps to generate a formation thickness model include:

[0118] The numerical model is used to simulate plastic damage, tensile damage, and compressive damage of the target strike-slip fault to determine the relationship between the fault segment length and the thickness of the overlying strata.

[0119] It is understandable that in the stratigraphic thickness model, the fault segment length is linearly related to the thickness of the overlying strata of the strike-slip fault. Therefore, based on this, the thickness of the overlying strata when the strike-slip fault developed can be inferred from the measured fault length during exploration, and the formation age of the strike-slip stratigraphic fault can be analyzed.

[0120] The plastic damage model primarily describes the degradation of formation mechanical properties during plastic deformation due to the generation, propagation, or aggregation of microcracks. Plastic damage is related to plastic flow and localized microstructural failure in the formation. The plastic damage model is based on the following assumptions:

[0121] After yielding, the strata enter the plastic zone, accompanied by the accumulation of local damage.

[0122] Damage can lead to a gradual decrease in the effective stress of the formation, especially under conditions of shear deformation and microcrack formation.

[0123] The degree of formation damage is described by a damage variable (which is a scalar or tensor) that increases with the accumulation of plastic strain.

[0124] Plastic damage models include:

[0125] Continuous damage mechanics model: Based on the damage evolution equation, it describes the change of damage over time and plastic strain. Damage evolution equation: Describes how the degree of damage increases with the increase of plastic strain.

[0126] Tensile damage simulation: Tensile damage mainly occurs when formations are subjected to tensile stress. Tensile damage manifests as microcrack propagation, localized debonding, and cracking in the formation. This type of damage often occurs after the formation's tensile yield strength is exceeded, and is a precursor to brittle fracture.

[0127] The basic theory of tensile damage: Tensile damage involves crack initiation and propagation, with damage variables used to describe crack growth. The core of the tensile damage model is describing crack initiation and propagation. Under tensile stress, when the maximum principal stress or maximum principal strain of the formation exceeds a certain threshold, the formation will suffer damage.

[0128] Tensile damage models include:

[0129] Maximum principal stress criterion: When the tensile stress reaches a certain critical value, damage begins and the bearing capacity of the formation is affected.

[0130] Hyperbolic damage model: describes damage evolution by establishing the relationship between stress and strain. It can be represented by a scalar damage variable.

[0131] Compression damage models describe the deformation behavior of formations under compressive loads. Compared to tensile damage, compressive damage is more complex. Compression damage is mainly caused by formation microstructural collapse, plastic flow, crack closure, or microcrack propagation. The basic theory of compression damage:

[0132] When a formation is subjected to compressive loads, the types of damage it often experiences include fracturing, plastic deformation, and the closure and propagation of microcracks.

[0133] Unlike tensile damage, compressive damage does not cause significant destruction until after large plastic deformation, especially after the formation compressively yields, which may lead to localized failure or crushing.

[0134] Compression damage models include:

[0135] Compression damage variable: describes the damage evolution process of the formation under compressive stress, and can be described by damage evolution equation.

[0136] Nonlinear damage model: describes the stress-strain relationship of a formation under compression. It can be used to describe how damage accumulates as strain increases, eventually leading to crushing or yielding.

[0137] Numerical simulation of damage models is generally achieved through finite element analysis (FEA). Numerical methods include:

[0138] Numerical solution of the damage evolution equation: The damage variable is updated through an iterative method, and the damage evolves according to the state of stress and strain.

[0139] Failure criteria and damage accumulation: Damage accumulation can be calculated by combining the von Mises yield criterion or the maximum shear stress criterion.

[0140] Explicit and implicit finite element analysis: Solving for damage development and formation deformation processes using appropriate algorithms (such as explicit or implicit time integration).

[0141] In some cases, a method for determining the formation period of a strike-slip fracture also includes:

[0142] In the process of simulating plastic damage, tensile damage, and compressive damage of the target strike-slip fracture, a normal constraint is applied to the bottom thin plate of the numerical model, and displacement loading control is applied to the numerical model.

[0143] A normal constraint is applied to the thin plate at the bottom of the model, and displacement loading control is adopted. The maximum displacement is 0.5 km, and the loading rate is controlled at 0.005 km / step.

[0144] Specifically, this refers to restricting the vertical degrees of freedom of the plate by applying a vertical constraint at the bottom of the model. It is used to simulate the contact restriction between the bottom and the ground or foundation in a real structure. The purpose is to ensure the rigidity of the model in certain directions, typically to prevent free displacement or solution instability.

[0145] Furthermore, normal constraints include:

[0146] Completely fixed: The normal displacement of the bottom thin plate is zero, that is, vertical displacement is not allowed at all.

[0147] Elastic constraint: The normal displacement of the bottom thin plate is constrained by an elastic force, exhibiting an elastic response to the normal displacement. A spring constant can be defined to represent the relationship between the normal force and the displacement.

[0148] Rigid constraint: This constraint ensures that displacement of the thin plate in the normal direction is completely prevented. Rigid constraints can be achieved by applying a normal reaction force at the bottom node.

[0149] Displacement loading control refers to applying external loads by controlling the displacement of the structure rather than by applying force. This method is suitable when the material is nonlinear or the structural response is complex, where increments in force may lead to convergence problems, while displacement loading can provide a more stable solution process.

[0150] The basic process of displacement control: Loading process: External loads are applied by gradually increasing the displacement. Typically, displacement control is applied to the entire model or a specific location, simulating the effect of external loads by limiting the displacement of the structure. Iterative calculation: Numerical methods such as the finite element method (FEM) can solve for the load in each iteration step based on a set displacement increment until the predetermined target displacement is reached or structural failure occurs. Incremental loading: When using displacement loading, the displacement is usually applied gradually in small increments. For example, a loading node can be selected on a thin plate, and the displacement of that node can be gradually increased along a specific direction to simulate an increase in external load.

[0151] In some cases, a method for determining the formation period of a strike-slip fracture also includes:

[0152] During the simulation of plastic damage, tensile damage, and compressive damage of the target slip fracture, the left thin plate of the numerical model is bound to its corresponding left bottom portion.

[0153] In some cases, a method for determining the formation period of a strike-slip fracture also includes:

[0154] During the simulation of plastic damage, tensile damage, and compressive damage of the target slip fracture, the right thin plate of the numerical model is bound to its corresponding right bottom portion.

[0155] Specifically, select to create binding constraints to bind the left thin plate of the model to its corresponding left bottom portion, and bind the right thin plate of the model to its corresponding right bottom portion.

[0156] In some cases, a method for determining the formation period of a strike-slip fracture also includes:

[0157] Create an analysis step, specifically, use dynamic display of the analysis step; in the field output, select every x time units, where x is 0.1.

[0158] In some examples, the model elements are hexahedral in shape, and the swept neutral axis algorithm is used; the computational model uses three-dimensional stress.

[0159] Finally, calculate the equivalent plastic strain diagram of the output element, and repeat the above steps by changing the model thickness T.

[0160] An embodiment of this application provides a method for determining the formation period of a strike-slip fault, comprising: first, constructing a numerical model of the target strike-slip fault; then, determining the thickness of the overlying strata at the time of the development of the target strike-slip fault based on the numerical model and a pre-generated stratigraphic thickness model; wherein, in the stratigraphic thickness model, the fault segment length of the target strike-slip fault is used to characterize the thickness of the overlying strata; and finally, determining the formation period of the target strike-slip fault based on the thickness of the overlying strata.

[0161] As described above, this invention provides a method for determining the formation period of strike-slip faults. Under load, the method simulates the segment lengths of strike-slip faults with different overlying strata thicknesses. Multiple simulations of the growth and development process of strike-slip faults with different overlying strata thicknesses are completed, yielding the simulated strike-slip fault evolution process and obtaining the equivalent plastic strain. The equivalent plastic strain is a measure of the plastic deformation of the material and is a scalar quantity. Based on the equivalent plastic strain, the segment lengths of strike-slip faults can be measured. The overlying strata thickness corresponding to the segment lengths is determined, and analysis shows a linear correlation between the overlying strata thickness and the segment lengths of strike-slip faults. Therefore, the overlying strata thickness during the development of strike-slip faults can be inferred from the measured strike-slip fault lengths, thereby analyzing the formation age of the strike-slip fault.

[0162] In summary, this invention studies the influence of overlying stratum thickness on the fault segment length of strike-slip faults, and further discusses the linear relationship between fault segment length and overlying stratum thickness. This improves existing theories to solve more practical problems, such as predicting overlying stratum thickness based on fault segment length and analyzing the formation age of strike-slip faults. It provides theoretical support for studying the geological overview and evolution process of strike-slip faults in a certain area and for oil and gas exploration.

[0163] Example 3:

[0164] For further explanation of the plan, see Figure 3 The present invention also provides a specific implementation of a method for determining the formation period of strike-slip fractures, which specifically includes the following:

[0165] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for determining the formation period of strike-slip faults, overcoming the lack of quantitative characterization methods for the formation period of strike-slip faults in the prior art. Specifically, this invention studies the influence of overlying stratum thickness on the segmentation of strike-slip faults and proposes a relationship between overlying stratum thickness and the segment length of strike-slip faults, thus solving more practical problems, such as inferring the overlying stratum thickness based on the fault segment length and analyzing the formation age of strike-slip faults.

[0166] S1: Obtain the rock mechanics parameters involved in the finite element simulation;

[0167] Rock mass mechanics parameters include the material's density, Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio, internal friction angle, plastic yield stress, and plastic strain; specifically, the rock mass mechanics parameters are set as follows: the material density is 2500 kg / m³. 3 The Young's modulus is 500E9 Pa, the Poisson's ratio is 0.3, the internal friction angle is 30°, the plastic yield stress is 2E8 Pa, and the plastic strain is 0.

[0168] S2: Based on the rock mechanics parameters set in step S1, construct a finite element simulation model;

[0169] Finite element simulation dimensions: a × b × T = 10 km × 4 km × 0.3 (0.5, 0.7, 0.9) km. For example... Figure 4 As shown.

[0170] S3: Based on the model in step S2, apply constraints to the model;

[0171] Specifically, a normal constraint is applied to the thin plate at the bottom of the model, and displacement loading control is adopted. The maximum displacement is 0.5km, and the loading rate is controlled at 0.005km / step.

[0172] S4: Based on the model in step S2, create an analysis step for the model.

[0173] Specifically, a dynamic display analysis process is adopted; in the field output, every x time units are selected, where x is 0.1.

[0174] S5; Based on the model in step S2, create interactions between the models.

[0175] For the interaction, select to create binding constraints to bind the left thin plate of the model to its corresponding left bottom portion and the right thin plate of the model to its corresponding right bottom portion.

[0176] S6: Based on the model in step S2, perform mesh generation on the model.

[0177] The model element is hexahedral in shape and uses the swept neutral axis algorithm; the calculation model uses three-dimensional stress.

[0178] S7: Based on step S6, apply load conditions to the meshed model.

[0179] A displacement condition of 2 km in the Y direction is applied to the thin plate on the left side of the bottom of the model, and a displacement condition of 2 km in the -Y direction is applied to the thin plate on the right side of the bottom of the model.

[0180] S8: Repeat the above steps.

[0181] Calculate the equivalent plastic strain diagram of the output unit, and repeat the calculation by changing the model thickness T. Figure 5 This describes the evolution of strike-slip faults under different overlying strata thicknesses.

[0182] By simulating the growth and development of strike-slip fractures under four different overlying strata thicknesses, the evolution process of the simulated strike-slip fractures was obtained, and the equivalent plastic strain was acquired. The equivalent plastic strain is a measure of the plastic deformation of a material and is a scalar quantity. Based on the equivalent plastic strain, the segment length of the strike-slip fracture can be measured, such as... Figure 5 Based on the thickness of the overlying strata corresponding to the segment length, the following can be obtained: Figure 6 The diagram shown represents the relationship between the overlying stratum thickness T and the strike-slip fault segment length L. The horizontal axis represents the strike-slip fault segment length L, and the vertical axis represents the overlying stratum thickness T. Figure 6 It can be seen that the thickness of the overlying strata is linearly related to the length of the strike-slip fault segment. Based on this figure, the thickness of the overlying strata when the strike-slip fault developed can be inferred from the measured length of the strike-slip fault during exploration, and then the formation age of the strike-slip fault can be analyzed.

[0183] The specific embodiments of this application provide a method for determining the formation period of a strike-slip fault, comprising: first, constructing a numerical model of the target strike-slip fault; then, determining the thickness of the overlying strata at the time of the development of the target strike-slip fault based on the numerical model and a pre-generated stratigraphic thickness model; wherein, in the stratigraphic thickness model, the fault segment length of the target strike-slip fault is used to characterize the thickness of the overlying strata; and finally, determining the formation period of the target strike-slip fault based on the thickness of the overlying strata.

[0184] This invention simulates the segment lengths of strike-slip faults under different overlying strata thicknesses under load. It completes simulations of the growth and development processes of strike-slip faults under multiple sets of overlying strata thicknesses, obtaining the simulated strike-slip fault evolution process, acquiring equivalent plastic strain, and inferring the overlying strata thickness during strike-slip fault development based on the measured strike-slip fault lengths, thereby analyzing the formation age of the strike-slip faults.

[0185] In summary, this invention discloses a numerical simulation method for analyzing overlying stratum thickness based on the segment length of strike-slip faults. In the finite element numerical simulation, an initial model is constructed with overlying strata of varying thicknesses, each 10 km long and 4 km wide. Relative displacement conditions are introduced to bring the tectonic plates to a designated position, completing the strike-slip fault simulation process. By changing the model thickness, the segment lengths of the strike-slip faults with different overlying stratum thicknesses are obtained. This invention can study the influence of overlying stratum thickness on the segmentation of strike-slip faults, infer the overlying stratum thickness based on the fault segment length, and thus determine the formation age of the strike-slip fault.

[0186] Example 4:

[0187] Another embodiment of this application relates to a device for determining the formation period of a strike-slip fracture. The implementation details of this device are described below. The following details are for ease of understanding and are not essential for implementing this solution. A schematic diagram of the device for determining the formation period of a strike-slip fracture in this embodiment can be seen as follows: Figure 7 As shown, there are three modules: numerical model construction module 801, overlying stratum thickness determination module 802, and formation period determination module 803.

[0188] Numerical model construction module 801 is used to construct a numerical model of the target strike-slip fracture;

[0189] The overlying stratum thickness determination module 802 is used to determine the overlying stratum thickness when the target strike-slip fault develops based on the numerical model and the pre-generated stratum thickness model; wherein, in the stratum thickness model, the fault segment length of the target strike-slip fault is used to characterize the overlying stratum thickness.

[0190] The formation period determination module 803 is used to determine the formation period of the target strike-slip fault based on the thickness of the overlying strata.

[0191] In some embodiments, constructing a numerical model for the target strike-slip fracture includes:

[0192] The target strike-slip fracture is meshed according to its extent to generate an initial model for the numerical model.

[0193] The initial model is numerically modeled using the rock mechanics parameters of the target strike-slip fracture to generate the numerical model.

[0194] In some embodiments, the rock mass mechanical parameters include: the density, Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio, internal friction angle, plastic yield stress, and plastic strain of the strata in the target strike-slip fracture.

[0195] In some embodiments, a device for determining the formation period of a strike-slip fracture further includes:

[0196] A formation thickness model generation module is used to generate formation thickness models; the formation thickness model generation module includes:

[0197] The formation thickness model generation unit is used to perform plastic damage simulation, tensile damage simulation and compressive damage simulation on the target strike-slip fault through the numerical model, so as to determine the relationship between the fault segment length and the thickness of the overlying strata.

[0198] In some embodiments, a device for determining the formation period of a strike-slip fracture further includes:

[0199] The simulation constraint module is used to apply normal constraints to the bottom thin plate of the numerical model and to control the displacement loading of the numerical model during the plastic damage simulation, tensile damage simulation and compressive damage simulation of the target strike-slip fracture.

[0200] In some embodiments, a device for determining the formation period of a strike-slip fracture further includes:

[0201] The left binding module is used to bind the left thin plate of the numerical model to its corresponding left bottom part during the process of simulating plastic damage, tensile damage and compressive damage of the target slip fracture.

[0202] In some embodiments, a device for determining the formation period of a strike-slip fracture further includes:

[0203] The right-side binding module is used to bind the right-side thin plate of the numerical model to its corresponding right-side bottom portion during the process of simulating plastic damage, tensile damage, and compressive damage in the target slip fracture.

[0204] An embodiment of this application provides a method for determining the formation period of a strike-slip fault, comprising: a numerical model construction module for constructing a numerical model of the target strike-slip fault; an overlying stratum thickness determination module for determining the overlying stratum thickness at the time of development of the target strike-slip fault based on the numerical model and a pre-generated stratum thickness model; wherein, in the stratum thickness model, the fault segment length of the target strike-slip fault is used to characterize the overlying stratum thickness; and a formation period determination module for determining the formation period of the target strike-slip fault based on the overlying stratum thickness.

[0205] In summary, this invention simulates the segment lengths of strike-slip faults under different overlying strata thicknesses under load. It completes simulations of the growth and development processes of strike-slip faults under multiple sets of overlying strata thicknesses, obtaining the simulated strike-slip fault evolution process, acquiring equivalent plastic strain, and inferring the overlying strata thickness during strike-slip fault development based on the measured strike-slip fault lengths, thereby analyzing the formation age of the strike-slip faults.

[0206] This invention studies the influence of overlying stratum thickness on the fault segment length of strike-slip faults, and further discusses the linear relationship between fault segment length and overlying stratum thickness. It improves existing theories to solve more practical problems, such as predicting overlying stratum thickness based on fault segment length and analyzing the formation age of strike-slip faults. It provides theoretical support for studying the geological overview and evolution process of strike-slip faults in a certain area and for oil and gas exploration.

[0207] It is worth mentioning that all modules involved in this embodiment are logical modules. In practical applications, a logical unit can be a physical unit, a part of a physical unit, or a combination of multiple physical units. Furthermore, to highlight the innovative aspects of this application, this embodiment does not introduce units that are not closely related to solving the technical problems proposed in this application; however, this does not mean that other units are absent in this embodiment.

[0208] Example 5:

[0209] Another embodiment of this application relates to an electronic device, such as... Figure 8 As shown, the electronic device specifically includes the following:

[0210] Processor 1201, memory 1202, communications interface 1203, and bus 1204;

[0211] The processor 1201, memory 1202, and communication interface 1203 communicate with each other via bus 1204; the communication interface 1203 is used to realize information transmission between server-side devices and user-side devices and other related devices.

[0212] The processor 1201 is used to call the computer program in the memory 1202. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements all the steps in the method for determining the formation period of the strike-slip fracture in the above embodiments. For example, when the processor executes the computer program, it implements the following steps:

[0213] Construct a numerical model of the target strike-slip fracture;

[0214] The thickness of the overlying strata when the target strike-slip fault develops is determined based on the numerical model and the pre-generated stratum thickness model; wherein, in the stratum thickness model, the fault segment length of the target strike-slip fault is used to characterize the thickness of the overlying strata.

[0215] The formation period of the target strike-slip fault is determined based on the thickness of the overlying strata.

[0216] In some embodiments, constructing a numerical model for the target strike-slip fracture includes:

[0217] The target strike-slip fracture is meshed according to its extent to generate an initial model for the numerical model.

[0218] The initial model is numerically modeled using the rock mechanics parameters of the target strike-slip fracture to generate the numerical model.

[0219] In some embodiments, the rock mass mechanical parameters include: the density, Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio, internal friction angle, plastic yield stress, and plastic strain of the strata in the target strike-slip fracture.

[0220] In some embodiments, the step of generating a formation thickness model includes:

[0221] The numerical model is used to simulate plastic damage, tensile damage, and compressive damage of the target strike-slip fault to determine the relationship between the fault segment length and the thickness of the overlying strata.

[0222] In some embodiments, a method for determining the formation period of a strike-slip fracture further includes:

[0223] In the process of simulating plastic damage, tensile damage, and compressive damage of the target strike-slip fracture, a normal constraint is applied to the bottom thin plate of the numerical model, and displacement loading control is applied to the numerical model.

[0224] In some embodiments, a method for determining the formation period of a strike-slip fracture further includes:

[0225] During the simulation of plastic damage, tensile damage, and compressive damage of the target slip fracture, the left thin plate of the numerical model is bound to its corresponding left bottom portion.

[0226] In some embodiments, a method for determining the formation period of a strike-slip fracture further includes:

[0227] During the simulation of plastic damage, tensile damage, and compressive damage of the target slip fracture, the right thin plate of the numerical model is bound to its corresponding right bottom portion.

[0228] The memory and processor are connected via a bus, which can include any number of interconnecting buses and bridges, connecting various circuits of one or more processors and memories. The bus can also connect various other circuits, such as peripheral devices, voltage regulators, and power management circuits, which are well known in the art and will not be described further herein. The bus interface provides an interface between the bus and the transceiver. The transceiver can be a single element or multiple elements, such as multiple receivers and transmitters, providing a unit for communicating with various other devices over a transmission medium. Data processed by the processor is transmitted over the wireless medium via an antenna, which further receives data and transmits it to the processor.

[0229] The processor manages the bus and general processing, and also provides various functions, including timing, peripheral interfaces, voltage regulation, power management, and other control functions. Memory is used to store data used by the processor during operation.

[0230] Example 6:

[0231] Another embodiment of this application relates to a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program. When executed by a processor, the computer program implements the steps in the above-described method embodiment for determining the formation period of a strike-slip fracture, the steps including:

[0232] Construct a numerical model of the target strike-slip fracture;

[0233] The thickness of the overlying strata when the target strike-slip fault develops is determined based on the numerical model and the pre-generated stratum thickness model; wherein, in the stratum thickness model, the fault segment length of the target strike-slip fault is used to characterize the thickness of the overlying strata.

[0234] The formation period of the target strike-slip fault is determined based on the thickness of the overlying strata.

[0235] In some embodiments, constructing a numerical model for the target strike-slip fracture includes:

[0236] The target strike-slip fracture is meshed according to its extent to generate an initial model for the numerical model.

[0237] The initial model is numerically modeled using the rock mechanics parameters of the target strike-slip fracture to generate the numerical model.

[0238] In some embodiments, the rock mass mechanical parameters include: the density, Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio, internal friction angle, plastic yield stress, and plastic strain of the strata in the target strike-slip fracture.

[0239] In some embodiments, the step of generating a formation thickness model includes:

[0240] The numerical model is used to simulate plastic damage, tensile damage, and compressive damage of the target strike-slip fault to determine the relationship between the fault segment length and the thickness of the overlying strata.

[0241] In some embodiments, a method for determining the formation period of a strike-slip fracture further includes:

[0242] In the process of simulating plastic damage, tensile damage, and compressive damage of the target strike-slip fracture, a normal constraint is applied to the bottom thin plate of the numerical model, and displacement loading control is applied to the numerical model.

[0243] In some embodiments, a method for determining the formation period of a strike-slip fracture further includes:

[0244] During the simulation of plastic damage, tensile damage, and compressive damage of the target slip fracture, the left thin plate of the numerical model is bound to its corresponding left bottom portion.

[0245] In some embodiments, a method for determining the formation period of a strike-slip fracture further includes:

[0246] During the simulation of plastic damage, tensile damage, and compressive damage of the target slip fracture, the right thin plate of the numerical model is bound to its corresponding right bottom portion.

[0247] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. Each embodiment focuses on its differences from other embodiments. In particular, hardware + program embodiments are relatively simple in description because they are fundamentally similar to method embodiments; relevant parts can be referred to the descriptions in the method embodiments.

[0248] The foregoing has described specific embodiments of this specification. Other embodiments are within the scope of the appended claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recited in the claims may be performed in a different order than that shown in the embodiments and may still achieve the desired result. Furthermore, the processes depicted in the drawings do not necessarily require the specific or sequential order shown to achieve the desired result. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are possible or may be advantageous.

[0249] While this application provides method operation steps as shown in the embodiments or flowcharts, more or fewer operation steps may be included based on conventional or non-inventive labor. The order of steps listed in the embodiments is merely one possible execution order among many and does not represent the only execution order. In actual device or client product execution, the method can be executed sequentially as shown in the embodiments or drawings, or in parallel (e.g., in a parallel processor or multi-threaded processing environment).

[0250] This invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0251] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0252] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0253] Specific embodiments have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this invention. The descriptions of the embodiments above are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of this invention. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

Claims

1. A method for determining the formation period of a strike-slip fracture, characterized in that, include: Construct a numerical model of the target strike-slip fracture; The thickness of the overlying strata when the target strike-slip fault develops is determined based on the numerical model and the pre-generated stratum thickness model; wherein, in the stratum thickness model, the fault segment length of the target strike-slip fault is used to characterize the thickness of the overlying strata. The formation period of the target strike-slip fault is determined based on the thickness of the overlying strata.

2. The determination method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The numerical model for constructing the target strike-slip fracture includes: The target strike-slip fracture is meshed according to its extent to generate an initial model for the numerical model. The initial model is numerically modeled using the rock mechanics parameters of the target strike-slip fracture to generate the numerical model.

3. The determination method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The rock mass mechanical parameters include: the density, Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio, internal friction angle, plastic yield stress, and plastic strain of the strata to which the target strike-slip fault belongs.

4. The determination method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps for generating a formation thickness model include: The numerical model is used to simulate plastic damage, tensile damage, and compressive damage of the target strike-slip fault to determine the relationship between the fault segment length and the thickness of the overlying strata.

5. The determination method according to claim 4, characterized in that, Also includes: In the process of simulating plastic damage, tensile damage, and compressive damage of the target strike-slip fracture, a normal constraint is applied to the bottom thin plate of the numerical model, and displacement loading control is applied to the numerical model.

6. The determination method according to claim 4, characterized in that, Also includes: During the simulation of plastic damage, tensile damage, and compressive damage of the target slip fracture, the left thin plate of the numerical model is bound to its corresponding left bottom portion.

7. The determination method according to claim 4, characterized in that, Also includes: During the simulation of plastic damage, tensile damage, and compressive damage of the target slip fracture, the right thin plate of the numerical model is bound to its corresponding right bottom portion.

8. A device for determining the formation period of a strike-slip fracture, characterized in that, include: The numerical model building module is used to build a numerical model of the target strike-slip fracture. The overlying strata thickness determination module is used to determine the overlying strata thickness when the target strike-slip fault develops based on the numerical model and a pre-generated strata thickness model; wherein, in the strata thickness model, the fault segment length of the target strike-slip fault is used to characterize the overlying strata thickness; The formation period determination module is used to determine the formation period of the target strike-slip fault based on the thickness of the overlying strata.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: At least one processor; as well as, A memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein, The memory stores instructions that can be executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the method for determining the formation period of strike-slip fracture as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the method for determining the formation period of the strike-slip fracture as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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