Scheduling control method and device for alk-pem hybrid hydrogen production system based on life matching

Abstract

The specification provides a scheduling control method and device for an ALK-PEM hybrid hydrogen production system based on life matching, belonging to the technical field of wind-solar power generation and energy storage. First, a hybrid hydrogen production system including at least a PEM electrolyzer, a first ALK electrolyzer, and a second ALK electrolyzer is constructed. Based on the hybrid hydrogen production system, the waste heat during the operation of the PEM electrolyzer is used to preheat the second ALK electrolyzer during the system startup stage, and when it is stable, the circulating alkali solution of the second ALK electrolyzer is used to preheat the first ALK electrolyzer, effectively reducing the thermal shock damage of the ALK electrolyzer during cold start; by introducing and using the smaller capacity of the second ALK electrolyzer to assist in sharing the fluctuating load of the PEM electrolyzer, the wide load fluctuation damage of the PEM electrolyzer during long-term operation can be effectively reduced, thereby effectively prolonging the service life of the overall hybrid hydrogen production system, and ensuring the safe and stable operation of the hybrid hydrogen production system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This manual belongs to the field of wind and solar power generation and energy storage technology, and in particular relates to the scheduling and control method and device of ALK-PEM hybrid hydrogen production system based on lifetime matching. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of wind and solar power energy storage, hydrogen production systems that combine alkaline electrolyzers (ALK electrolyzers) and proton exchange membrane electrolyzers (PEM electrolyzers) are typically used to consume and store the electrical energy generated by wind and solar power coupling.

[0003] However, due to the inherent volatility of wind and solar power generation, the ALK electrolyzer and PEM electrolyzer are easily damaged when controlling the operation of the hybrid hydrogen production system using existing methods. This can shorten the overall lifespan of the system and affect its overall operational safety and stability.

[0004] There is currently no effective solution to the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This specification provides a scheduling and control method and apparatus for an ALK-PEM hybrid hydrogen production system based on lifespan matching, which can effectively extend the overall service life of the hybrid hydrogen production system and ensure its safe and stable operation.

[0006] This specification provides a scheduling and control method for an ALK-PEM hybrid hydrogen production system based on lifetime matching, applicable to a hybrid hydrogen production system. The hybrid hydrogen production system includes at least: a PEM electrolyzer, a first ALK electrolyzer, and a second ALK electrolyzer; the PEM electrolyzer is connected to the second ALK electrolyzer via a heat exchange loop, and the second ALK electrolyzer is connected to the first ALK electrolyzer via a gas-liquid separator; wherein the rated capacity of the first ALK electrolyzer is greater than that of the second ALK electrolyzer. The method includes:

[0007] When wind and solar power is received, the PEM electrolyzer is started and operated according to the preset operation control rules to absorb the received wind and solar power; and the waste heat generated by the operation of the PEM electrolyzer is used to preheat the second ALK electrolyzer through the heat exchange circuit.

[0008] Monitor the temperature of the second ALK electrolytic cell and the temperature difference between the plates of the second ALK electrolytic cell;

[0009] When the temperature of the second ALK electrolytic cell is greater than the preset temperature threshold and the temperature difference between the plates of the second ALK electrolytic cell is less than or equal to the preset temperature difference threshold, the second ALK electrolytic cell is started and operated according to the preset operation control rules, and the load of the PEM electrolytic cell is reduced.

[0010] When the second ALK electrolytic cell is running stably, the circulating alkaline solution from the second ALK electrolytic cell is used to preheat the first ALK electrolytic cell through a gas-liquid separator, so that the first ALK electrolytic cell is in a hot standby state.

[0011] In one embodiment, after placing the first ALK electrolytic cell into a hot standby state, the method further includes:

[0012] Determine the current wind and solar power output, and the current trend of wind and solar power output change;

[0013] Based on the current wind and solar power and the current trend of wind and solar power changes, determine whether the preset first triggering condition is met;

[0014] When the preset first trigger condition is met, the first ALK electrolytic cell is started and run according to the preset operation control rules; and the load of the second ALK electrolytic cell and the load of the PEM electrolytic cell are adjusted.

[0015] In one embodiment, the method further includes:

[0016] Monitor the operating status of the PEM electrolyzer;

[0017] When the load on the PEM electrolyzer is less than the preset load threshold, the preset second trigger condition is determined to be met.

[0018] According to the preset maintenance rules, the PEM electrolyzer is shut down, and low-frequency AC power is input to the PEM electrolyzer for active electrical excitation using the power rectifier module; and the alkali circulation pump of the first ALK electrolyzer and / or the second ALK electrolyzer is turned on to absorb the Joule heat generated during the electrical excitation of the PEM electrolyzer.

[0019] In one embodiment, the method further includes:

[0020] At preset time intervals, the number of start-ups and shutdowns, the plate corrosion rate of the first and second ALK electrolytic cells, and the number of voltage cycles and deep peak tuning duration of the PEM electrolytic cell are collected.

[0021] Using a preset ALK degradation model, the remaining lifetime of the first ALK electrolytic cell and the remaining lifetime of the second ALK electrolytic cell are determined based on the number of start-ups and shutdowns and the plate corrosion rate of the first and second ALK electrolytic cells. Using a preset PEM degradation model, the remaining lifetime of the PEM electrolytic cell is determined based on the number of voltage cycles and the deep peak modulation duration.

[0022] The remaining lifespan of the ALK electrolyzer is determined based on the remaining lifespan of the first ALK electrolyzer and the remaining lifespan of the second ALK electrolyzer.

[0023] Based on the remaining lifespan of the ALK electrolyzer and the PEM electrolyzer, calculate the rate of decrease of the remaining lifespan of the ALK electrolyzer and the rate of decrease of the remaining lifespan of the PEM electrolyzer.

[0024] Based on the rate of decrease in the remaining lifespan of the ALK electrolyzer and the rate of decrease in the remaining lifespan of the PEM electrolyzer, determine whether the preset third trigger condition is met.

[0025] When the preset third trigger condition is met, according to the preset operation control rules, the specified high-frequency load is transferred from the load currently borne by the PEM electrolyzer to the second ALK electrolyzer.

[0026] In one embodiment, after transferring a specified load from the current load of the PEM electrolyzer to the second ALK electrolyzer according to preset operation control rules, the method further includes:

[0027] Check whether the second ALK electrolytic cell matches the current load;

[0028] When the second ALK electrolyzer is not matched with the current load, the specified deep peak-shaving load is transferred from the second ALK electrolyzer to the PEM electrolyzer.

[0029] In one embodiment, the method further includes:

[0030] Obtain the variation characteristics of wind and solar power in the current time period;

[0031] Based on the characteristics of wind and solar power changes in the current time period, the operating condition type for the current time period is determined; wherein, the operating condition type includes one of the following: gradual rise operating condition, steep rise and fall operating condition, deep peak shaving operating condition, and rapid fluctuation rise operating condition.

[0032] Based on the current operating condition type and preset operation control rules, determine the matching target control mode;

[0033] Based on the target control mode, the operation of the hybrid hydrogen production system is controlled for the current time period.

[0034] In one embodiment, when the operating condition type for the current time period is deep peak shaving, controlling the operation of the hybrid hydrogen production system based on the target control mode for the current time period includes:

[0035] During the period of declining wind and solar power, the loads of the first ALK electrolyzer, the second ALK electrolyzer, and the PEM electrolyzer were reduced; and the operating status of the PEM electrolyzer was monitored.

[0036] When the load on the PEM electrolyzer is less than the preset load threshold, determine whether the PEM electrolyzer needs maintenance.

[0037] When it is determined that the PEM electrolyzer requires maintenance, according to the preset maintenance rules, the PEM electrolyzer is shut down, and low-frequency AC power is input to the PEM electrolyzer for active electrical excitation using the power rectifier module; and the alkali circulation pump of the first ALK electrolyzer and / or the second ALK electrolyzer is turned on to absorb the Joule heat generated during the electrical excitation of the PEM electrolyzer.

[0038] During the recovery phase of wind and solar power, the PEM electrolyzer was restarted.

[0039] In one embodiment, when the current operating condition is a rapidly fluctuating upward condition, controlling the operation of the hybrid hydrogen production system for the current time period based on the target control mode includes:

[0040] The loads of the first ALK electrolytic cell, the second ALK electrolytic cell, and the PEM electrolytic cell are dynamically adjusted based on the wind and solar power output; and the fluctuation rate of wind and solar power output is monitored.

[0041] When the rate of change of wind and solar power exceeds the preset rate of change threshold, determine the remaining lifespan of the current ALK electrolyzer and the remaining lifespan of the current PEM electrolyzer.

[0042] Based on the remaining lifespan of the current ALK electrolyzer and the current remaining lifespan of the current PEM electrolyzer, determine whether the preset third trigger condition is met.

[0043] When the preset third trigger condition is met, the specified high-frequency load is transferred from the load currently borne by the PEM electrolyzer to the second ALK electrolyzer; and the heat generated by the operation of the second ALK electrolyzer is circulated through a short-circuit bypass to maintain the temperature stability of the second ALK electrolyzer.

[0044] In one embodiment, the hybrid hydrogen production system further includes a third ALK electrolyzer.

[0045] This specification also provides a scheduling and control device for a lifetime-matching-based ALK-PEM hybrid hydrogen production system, applied to a hybrid hydrogen production system. The hybrid hydrogen production system includes at least: a PEM electrolyzer, a first ALK electrolyzer, and a second ALK electrolyzer; the PEM electrolyzer is connected to the second ALK electrolyzer via a heat exchange circuit, and the second ALK electrolyzer is connected to the first ALK electrolyzer via a gas-liquid separator; wherein the rated capacity of the first ALK electrolyzer is greater than that of the second ALK electrolyzer. The device includes:

[0046] The first operating module is used to start and run the PEM electrolyzer according to the preset operating control rules when wind and solar power is received, so as to absorb the received wind and solar power; and to preheat the second ALK electrolyzer by using the waste heat generated by the PEM electrolyzer during operation through the heat exchange circuit.

[0047] The monitoring module is used to monitor the temperature of the second ALK electrolytic cell and the temperature difference between the plates of the second ALK electrolytic cell.

[0048] The second operation module is used to start and run the second ALK electrolytic cell according to the preset operation control rules when the temperature of the second ALK electrolytic cell is greater than the preset temperature threshold and the temperature difference between the plates of the second ALK electrolytic cell is less than or equal to the preset temperature difference threshold; and to reduce the load of the PEM electrolytic cell.

[0049] The preheating module is used to preheat the first ALK electrolytic cell by using the circulating alkaline solution from the second ALK electrolytic cell through a gas-liquid separator when the second ALK electrolytic cell is running stably, so that the first ALK electrolytic cell is in a hot standby state.

[0050] This specification also provides an electronic device, including a processor and a memory for storing processor-executable instructions, wherein the processor, when executing the instructions, implements the steps of the scheduling and control method for the lifetime-matching ALK-PEM hybrid hydrogen production system.

[0051] This specification also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the scheduling and control method for the lifetime-matching ALK-PEM hybrid hydrogen production system.

[0052] This specification also provides a computer program product comprising a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the scheduling and control method for the lifetime-matching ALK-PEM hybrid hydrogen production system.

[0053] Based on the scheduling and control method and apparatus for the ALK-PEM hybrid hydrogen production system based on lifetime matching provided in this specification, before specific implementation, a hybrid hydrogen production system including at least: a PEM electrolyzer, a first ALK electrolyzer, and a second ALK electrolyzer can be constructed; wherein, the rated capacity of the first ALK electrolyzer is greater than that of the second ALK electrolyzer. In practice, when wind and solar power is received, the PEM electrolyzer is started and operated in advance according to the preset operation control rules to promptly absorb the received wind and solar power. The waste heat generated by the PEM electrolyzer during operation is used to preheat the second ALK electrolyzer via a heat exchange circuit. The temperature of the second ALK electrolyzer and the temperature difference between its plates are monitored. When the temperature of the second ALK electrolyzer exceeds a preset temperature threshold and the temperature difference between its plates is less than or equal to a preset temperature difference threshold, the second ALK electrolyzer is started and operated according to the preset operation control rules, and the load on the PEM electrolyzer is reduced. When the second ALK electrolyzer is operating stably, the circulating alkali solution from the second ALK electrolyzer is used to preheat the first ALK electrolyzer through a gas-liquid separator, so that the first ALK electrolyzer is in a hot standby state. This allows it to be well adapted to wind-solar coupled fluctuating power generation scenarios. On the one hand, by starting the second ALK electrolyzer in advance during the system startup phase and using the waste heat from the PEM electrolyzer to preheat it, and by using the circulating alkaline solution from the second ALK electrolyzer to preheat the first ALK electrolyzer when it is running stably, the thermal shock damage during the cold start of the ALK electrolyzer can be effectively reduced. On the other hand, by introducing and utilizing the smaller capacity of the second ALK electrolyzer to flexibly assist in sharing the fluctuating load borne by the PEM electrolyzer, the damage from wide load fluctuations during long-term operation of the PEM electrolyzer can be effectively reduced. This can effectively extend the overall service life of the hybrid hydrogen production system and ensure the safe and stable operation of the hybrid hydrogen production system. Attached Figure Description

[0054] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of this specification, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. The drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this specification. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0055] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of a scheduling and control method for an ALK-PEM hybrid hydrogen production system based on lifetime matching, provided in one embodiment of this specification.

[0056] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the scheduling and control method for the lifetime-matching ALK-PEM hybrid hydrogen production system provided in this specification, applied in a scenario example.

[0057] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the scheduling and control method for the lifetime-matching ALK-PEM hybrid hydrogen production system provided in this specification, applied in a scenario example.

[0058] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the scheduling and control method for the lifetime-matching ALK-PEM hybrid hydrogen production system provided in this specification, applied in a scenario example.

[0059] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the scheduling and control method for the lifetime-matching ALK-PEM hybrid hydrogen production system provided in this specification, applied in a scenario example.

[0060] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the scheduling and control method for the lifetime-matching ALK-PEM hybrid hydrogen production system provided in this specification, applied in a scenario example.

[0061] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structural composition of an electronic device provided in one embodiment of this specification;

[0062] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structural composition of the scheduling and control device of an ALK-PEM hybrid hydrogen production system based on lifetime matching, provided in one embodiment of this specification. Detailed Implementation

[0063] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in this specification, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this specification will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this specification, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this specification, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of this specification.

[0064] It should be noted that the information and data related to users involved in the embodiments of this specification are all information and data authorized by the user or fully authorized by the relevant parties. Furthermore, the collection, storage, use, processing, transmission, provision, disclosure, and application of the relevant data all comply with relevant laws, regulations, and standards, and necessary confidentiality measures have been taken. They do not violate public order and good morals, and corresponding operation entry points are provided for users or relevant parties to choose to authorize or refuse.

[0065] It should also be noted that in the embodiments of this specification, certain software, components, models and other existing solutions in the industry may be mentioned. These should be regarded as exemplary and are only intended to illustrate the feasibility of implementing the technical solution of this application. However, it does not mean that the applicant has used or necessarily used the solution.

[0066] See Figure 1 As shown in the embodiments of this specification, a scheduling and control method for an ALK-PEM hybrid hydrogen production system based on lifetime matching is provided, applicable to a hybrid hydrogen production system. The hybrid hydrogen production system (i.e., a PEM-ALK integrated hydrogen production system) includes at least: a PEM electrolyzer, a first ALK electrolyzer, and a second ALK electrolyzer; the PEM electrolyzer is connected to the second ALK electrolyzer via a heat exchange loop, and the second ALK electrolyzer is connected to the first ALK electrolyzer via a gas-liquid separator; wherein the rated capacity of the first ALK electrolyzer is greater than that of the second ALK electrolyzer. In specific implementations, the method may include the following:

[0067] S101: When wind and solar power is received, the PEM electrolyzer is started and operated according to the preset operation control rules to absorb the received wind and solar power; and the waste heat generated by the operation of the PEM electrolyzer is used to preheat the second ALK electrolyzer through the heat exchange circuit.

[0068] S102: Monitor the temperature of the second ALK electrolytic cell and the temperature difference between the plates of the second ALK electrolytic cell;

[0069] S103: When the temperature of the second ALK electrolytic cell is greater than the preset temperature threshold and the temperature difference between the plates of the second ALK electrolytic cell is less than or equal to the preset temperature difference threshold, the second ALK electrolytic cell is started and operated according to the preset operation control rules; and the load of the PEM electrolytic cell is reduced.

[0070] S104: When the second ALK electrolytic cell is running stably, the circulating alkaline solution from the second ALK electrolytic cell is used to preheat the first ALK electrolytic cell through a gas-liquid separator, so that the first ALK electrolytic cell is in a hot standby state.

[0071] Specifically, the scheduling and control method of the ALK-PEM hybrid hydrogen production system based on lifetime matching can be applied to hybrid hydrogen production systems.

[0072] The aforementioned hybrid hydrogen production system can be connected to a wind-solar coupled power generation system to absorb and store the wind and solar power generated by the wind-solar coupled power generation system.

[0073] The aforementioned hybrid hydrogen production system may include at least: a PEM electrolyzer, a first ALK electrolyzer, and a second ALK electrolyzer. The PEM electrolyzer is connected to the second ALK electrolyzer via a heat exchange loop, and the second ALK electrolyzer is connected to the first ALK electrolyzer via a gas-liquid separator.

[0074] Specifically, the first ALK electrolytic cell and the second ALK electrolytic cell are asymmetrical electrolytic cells. The rated capacity of the first ALK electrolytic cell is greater than that of the second ALK electrolytic cell. Furthermore, the rated capacity of the second ALK electrolytic cell is matched to the rated capacity of the PEM electrolytic cell; that is, the difference between the rated capacities of the second ALK electrolytic cell and the PEM electrolytic cell is less than a preset capacity difference threshold.

[0075] The second ALK electrolyzer, due to its smaller rated capacity, starts up faster and adjusts the reaction more flexibly compared to the first ALK electrolyzer. The first ALK electrolyzer, on the other hand, can withstand a larger load and has a larger heat capacity.

[0076] For example, the rated capacity of the first ALK electrolytic cell can be 700 Nm³, the rated capacity of the second ALK electrolytic cell can be 300 Nm³, and the rated capacity of the PEM electrolytic cell can be 200 Nm³.

[0077] Among them, the aforementioned ALK electrolyzer (Alkaline Electrolyzer) has the following characteristics: mature technology, low cost, and long life (e.g., a lifespan of approximately 60,000-90,000 hours), but slow dynamic response (e.g., power regulation rate <5% / s), and the minimum operating load is generally not less than 30%.

[0078] The aforementioned PEM electrolyzer (Proton Exchange Membrane Electrolyzer) has the following characteristics: fast dynamic response (seconds) and wide adjustment range (e.g., 5%-120%), but it is expensive, has a short lifespan (e.g., a lifespan of about 40,000-60,000 hours), and poor durability under long-term wide load fluctuations.

[0079] Specifically, in the aforementioned hybrid hydrogen production system, the PEM electrolyzer can be connected to at least the second ALK electrolyzer via a heat exchange loop. In some cases, the heat exchange loop can also be connected to the first ALK electrolyzer.

[0080] The alkali circulation loop of the second ALK electrolyzer can be connected to the alkali circulation loop of the first ALK electrolyzer via a gas-liquid separator.

[0081] It should be noted that, based on existing methods and systems, PEM electrolytic cells and ALK electrolytic cells operate independently. Furthermore, ALK electrolytic cells typically employ a cold start method, requiring 40-60 minutes to start. Additionally, the electrodes and diaphragm undergo severe thermal shock between ambient temperature (e.g., 5°C) and operating temperature (80°C) (e.g., error ΔT ≈ 75°C), leading to thermal stress fatigue of the nickel electrodes, diaphragm seal failure, increased leakage rate after frequent start-ups and shutdowns, and increased susceptibility to damage, thus shortening the actual service life of the ALK electrolytic cell.

[0082] While PEM electrolyzers can operate at 5%-120% load using existing methods, prolonged rapid power cycling (seconds to minutes) and wide load fluctuations can easily lead to repeated expansion and contraction of the proton exchange membrane, accumulation of mechanical stress in the catalyst layer, and consequently, performance degradation and shortened lifespan of the PEM electrolyzer.

[0083] Furthermore, PEM electrolyzers typically have a significantly shorter lifespan than ALK electrolyzers, and their replacement costs are considerably higher (approximately 3-5 times that of ALK electrolyzers). Based on existing methods and systems, the two types of electrolyzers operate independently. The PEM electrolyzers, burdened by the high-frequency fluctuations in wind and solar power, reach their lifespan prematurely. This necessitates system shutdown and PEM electrolyzer replacement before the system reaches its designed lifespan, disrupting normal system operation and increasing maintenance costs.

[0084] To address the aforementioned issues, this application further analyzes the following: Existing systems mostly employ a simple parallel architecture, with the ALK electrolyzer and PEM electrolyzer operating independently. This fails to effectively utilize their complementary thermal inertia and electrochemical characteristics, leading to premature aging of the PEM electrolyzer due to frequent start-ups and shutdowns, as well as prolonged wide load fluctuations and deep peak shaving. Meanwhile, the ALK electrolyzer is prone to diaphragm and electrode plate damage and performance degradation due to cold start thermal shock. Furthermore, the overall lifespan of the system is limited by the shortest-lived component (PEM electrolyzer), making it impossible to achieve optimal economic efficiency throughout its entire lifecycle.

[0085] Based on the above, in this embodiment, the structure of the original hybrid hydrogen production system is first improved. Based on the original large ALK cell (i.e., the first ALK electrolyzer), at least one smaller ALK cell (i.e., the second ALK electrolyzer) with a smaller capacity, compatible with the PEM electrolyzer, and lower cost is introduced. This allows the flexibility of the smaller ALK cell to help share some of the high-frequency fluctuation power of the PEM electrolyzer. At the same time, a heat exchange circuit is introduced and used to connect the PEM electrolyzer and the second ALK electrolyzer.

[0086] Based on the improved interconnected hydrogen production system described above, further utilizing the complementary characteristics of related structures, and designing and implementing corresponding preset operation control rules, when wind and solar power is received, the PEM electrolyzer is started and operated first. This leverages the PEM electrolyzer's fast dynamic response to quickly process the current wind and solar power. Simultaneously, through a heat exchange loop, the waste heat generated by the PEM electrolyzer preheats the second ALK electrolyzer. Once the hot start-up conditions of the second ALK electrolyzer are met, it is then started and operated to share the load of the PEM electrolyzer, reducing damage from wide load fluctuations during long-term operation of the PEM electrolyzer, while avoiding thermal shock damage to the second ALK electrolyzer. Furthermore, the circulating alkali solution from the second ALK electrolyzer is used to preheat the first ALK electrolyzer through a gas-liquid separator, putting the first ALK electrolyzer into a hot standby state so that the relatively larger-capacity first ALK electrolyzer can be started promptly when needed.

[0087] Specifically, the aforementioned wind and solar power can refer to the wind and solar power generated through wind-solar coupled power generation and input into the hybrid hydrogen production system. Due to the volatility of wind-solar coupled power generation, the aforementioned wind and solar power will also fluctuate accordingly.

[0088] The aforementioned preset operation control rules can specifically be generated by combining the structural characteristics of the improved hybrid hydrogen production system and the fluctuation characteristics of wind and solar power, and fully considering various operating conditions during the system startup and operation phases. These rules can fully utilize the complementary characteristics of ALK electrolyzers and PEM electrolyzers, and by specifically reducing the damage to ALK and PEM electrolyzers during operation, and achieving matching and synchronization of the life decay rates of ALK and PEM electrolyzers, thereby extending the overall service life of the system.

[0089] Specifically, the aforementioned preset operation control rules may include: judgment sub-rules for various triggering conditions, active maintenance sub-rules for PEM electrolyzers, and multiple operation control sub-rules corresponding to various different working conditions during the system startup and operation phases.

[0090] Before implementation, the above-mentioned hybrid hydrogen production system can be used for operational testing experiments; and a large amount of relevant operational testing experimental data can be collected; then, based on the operational testing experimental data, the above-mentioned preset operational control rules can be constructed through cluster learning.

[0091] In practice, when the hybrid hydrogen production system receives input wind and solar power, the PEM electrolyzer can be started and run according to the preset operation control rules.

[0092] Specifically, according to the preset operation control rules, the PEM electrolyzer can be controlled to start up quickly and reach full load operation (200 Nm³) in a short time. This takes advantage of the fast dynamic response of the PEM electrolyzer to quickly start up and use the PEM electrolyzer to consume and store the received wind and solar power in a timely manner through hydrogen production technology, thus avoiding the abandonment and loss of wind and solar power.

[0093] Simultaneously, waste heat generated during the operation of the PEM electrolyzer can be transferred to the second ALK electrolyzer via a heat exchange loop to preheat it. The temperature of this waste heat typically reaches 70 to 80 degrees Celsius. The temperature of the second ALK electrolyzer and the temperature difference between its electrodes are monitored synchronously according to preset operation control rules.

[0094] When the temperature of the second ALK electrolyzer exceeds a preset temperature threshold, and the temperature difference between the electrodes of the second ALK electrolyzer is less than or equal to a preset temperature difference threshold, the second ALK electrolyzer enters a hot standby state, satisfying the hot start trigger condition. At this point, the second ALK electrolyzer can be started and operated according to preset operation control rules, effectively avoiding thermal shock damage during cold starts. Simultaneously, according to preset operation control rules, the load on the PEM electrolyzer is correspondingly reduced to utilize the second ALK electrolyzer to share some of the load borne by the PEM electrolyzer, preventing damage to the PEM electrolyzer from prolonged operation within a wide load fluctuation range.

[0095] The preset temperature threshold can be 50 degrees Celsius, and the preset temperature difference threshold can be 5 degrees Celsius.

[0096] Specifically, during the system startup phase, the temperature of the second ALK electrolyzer can be monitored by using a temperature sensor located at the alkaline input end of the second ALK electrolyzer to collect the corresponding temperature signal according to the preset operation control rules; at the same time, the temperature difference between the electrodes of the second ALK electrolyzer can be collected and calculated by temperature sensors located on both sides of the electrode plates in the second ALK electrolyzer to monitor the electrode plate temperature difference.

[0097] Specifically, after the second ALK electrolyzer is started, the load of the PEM electrolyzer can be reduced according to the preset operation control rules and the power value of the currently received wind and solar power, so that the PEM electrolyzer enters the fluctuation regulation mode (for example, to bear the high-frequency fluctuation of ±10% of the rated power); at the same time, the operating load of the second ALK electrolyzer is adjusted so that the second ALK electrolyzer mainly bears the base load of wind and solar power (for example, to bear 30-50% of the rated power).

[0098] Furthermore, according to preset operation control rules, the operating status of the second ALK electrolyzer is monitored. When the second ALK electrolyzer is operating stably, the circulating alkali solution from the second ALK electrolyzer is used to preheat the first ALK electrolyzer through a gas-liquid separator, putting the first ALK electrolyzer into a hot standby state. This allows the first ALK electrolyzer to be started and operated quickly and promptly via hot start-up when needed, depending on the specific circumstances. This shortens the start-up time of the first ALK electrolyzer and reduces thermal shock damage during cold starts.

[0099] Based on the above embodiments and the improved hybrid hydrogen production system, according to the preset operation control rules, the complementary characteristics of the ALK electrolyzer and PEM electrolyzer in the hybrid hydrogen production system can be fully utilized, thus making it better suited for wind-solar coupled fluctuating power generation scenarios. On the one hand, by using the waste heat from the PEM electrolyzer during system startup to preheat the second ALK electrolyzer, and by using the circulating alkaline solution from the second ALK electrolyzer to preheat the first ALK electrolyzer when the second ALK electrolyzer is running stably, the thermal shock damage during the cold start of the ALK electrolyzer can be effectively reduced. On the other hand, by introducing and utilizing the smaller capacity of the second ALK electrolyzer to flexibly assist in sharing the fluctuating load borne by the PEM electrolyzer, the damage from wide load fluctuations during long-term operation of the PEM electrolyzer can be effectively reduced, thereby effectively extending the overall service life of the hybrid hydrogen production system and ensuring the safe and stable operation of the hybrid hydrogen production system.

[0100] In some embodiments, after the first ALK electrolytic cell is placed in a hot standby state, refer to Figure 2 As shown, during the system operation phase, the method may further include the following in its specific implementation:

[0101] S2-1: Determine the current wind and solar power output and the current trend of wind and solar power output changes;

[0102] S2-2: Based on the current wind and solar power and the current trend of wind and solar power change, determine whether the preset first triggering condition is met;

[0103] S2-3: When the preset first trigger condition is met, start and run the first ALK electrolytic cell according to the preset operation control rules; and adjust the load of the second ALK electrolytic cell and the load of the PEM electrolytic cell.

[0104] In practice, the wind and solar power can be acquired from the initial time point of receiving the wind and solar power to the current time point. These multiple wind and solar power values ​​are then arranged chronologically to obtain a corresponding wind and solar power time series. Simultaneously, current weather data and date information are acquired. Based on preset coding rules, the weather data and date information are mapped into corresponding weather codes and date codes. The wind and solar power time series, weather codes, and date codes are then concatenated to obtain a corresponding target joint sequence. Finally, a preset wind and solar power change prediction model is used to process this target joint sequence to determine the current trend of wind and solar power change.

[0105] Specifically, the aforementioned pre-set wind and solar power change prediction model can be a prediction model trained in advance using historical wind and solar power generation data of the wind-solar coupled power generation system in the region.

[0106] The aforementioned preset wind and solar power change prediction model can be a hybrid model based on the TCN-GRU structure.

[0107] The aforementioned TCN (Temporal Convolutional Network) can be understood as a type of convolutional network, suitable for processing long-term series data and supporting parallel computing capabilities. Accordingly, by introducing a TCN network, on the one hand, the model can support parallel computing, improving the model's processing efficiency; on the other hand, it can leverage the advantages of TCN networks in processing long-term series data, facilitating subsequent long-range dependency modeling.

[0108] The aforementioned GRU (Gate Recurrent Unit) can be understood as a variant of a recurrent neural network (RNN). Based on this structure, the gate unit can solve problems such as the inability of RNNs to retain information for long periods and gradients in backpropagation. At the same time, it can also preserve information in long-term sequences without it being cleared over time or removed because it is irrelevant to the prediction.

[0109] The aforementioned pre-defined wind and solar power change prediction model can be based on the TCN-GRU structure, further modified to obtain a processing structure with at least multiple time scale branches. Each time scale branch processing structure corresponds to at least one time scale, processing wind and solar power time series at at least one time scale.

[0110] Specifically, the aforementioned pre-defined wind and solar power change prediction model includes at least three time-scale branch processing structures: a first branch processing structure, a second branch processing structure, and a third branch processing structure, corresponding to 10 minutes, 30 minutes, and 60 minutes, respectively. The model also includes a time window partitioning structure, which employs time window partitioning rules that match the aforementioned first, second, and third branch processing structures.

[0111] Specifically, when processing the aforementioned target joint sequence using the pre-defined wind and solar power change prediction model, a time window partitioning structure can be used first. According to the time window partitioning rules, the wind and solar power time series in the target joint sequence can be divided into a first time scale wind and solar power time series, a second time scale wind and solar power time series, and a third time scale wind and solar power time series. The first time scale is 10 minutes (corresponding to a short-term scale), the second time scale is 30 minutes (corresponding to a medium-term scale), and the third time scale is 60 minutes (corresponding to a long-term scale). Then, after time alignment of the first, second, and third time scale wind and solar power time series, they are combined with the original weather and date codes to obtain the corresponding first and second joint sequences. The first and third joint sequences are then processed using the first branch processing structure, the second sub-support processing structure, and the third branch processing structure, respectively. This process analyzes and predicts the variation characteristics of wind and solar power at multiple observation points within the current time period based on the variation patterns of wind and solar power at the corresponding time scales. This yields a first intermediate variation vector based on a short-term scale, a second intermediate variation vector based on a medium-term scale, and a third intermediate variation vector based on a long-term scale. The first, second, and third intermediate variation vectors are then fused to obtain the wind and solar power variation characteristics at each observation point within the current time period, which is the target variation vector. Based on this target variation vector, the current trend of wind and solar power variation is determined.

[0112] In this way, the advantages and characteristics of each structure in the preset wind and solar power change prediction model can be fully utilized. By splitting and processing the wind and solar power time series at multiple time scales, the short-term fluctuation characteristics and long-term trend characteristics can be fully captured and used in combination to accurately predict the wind and solar power change characteristics at each observation time point in the current time period, and thus accurately predict the current wind and solar power change trend.

[0113] In practice, the maximum fluctuation value of wind and solar power within the current time period can be determined based on the current wind and solar power (e.g., the wind and solar power at the current time point) and the current trend of wind and solar power changes. It is then checked whether the combination of the second ALK electrolyzer and the PEM electrolyzer matches the maximum fluctuation value of wind and solar power within the current time period. If they do not match, it is determined that a preset first trigger condition is met; in this case, the first ALK electrolyzer can be started and run according to preset operation control rules. Conversely, if they match, it is determined that the preset first trigger condition is not met; in this case, according to preset operation control rules, the first ALK electrolyzer can remain in a hot standby state without being started.

[0114] In specific implementation, when the preset first triggering condition is met, the first ALK electrolyzer is started according to the preset operation control rules; and combined with the current wind and solar power and the current trend of wind and solar power change, the load of the first ALK electrolyzer, the load of the second ALK electrolyzer, and the load of the PEM electrolyzer are adjusted so that the first ALK electrolyzer mainly undertakes the low-frequency base load (cycle greater than 1h), the second ALK electrolyzer mainly undertakes the mid-frequency waist load (cycle less than or equal to 1h and greater than 10min), and the PEM electrolyzer mainly undertakes the high-frequency peak load (cycle less than or equal to 10min).

[0115] Based on the above embodiments, by determining and based on the current wind and solar power and its changing trend, the first ALK electrolyzer can be started and operated when needed according to preset operation control rules. The loads of the first ALK electrolyzer, the second ALK electrolyzer, and the PEM electrolyzer can be intelligently adjusted to fully utilize the advantages of each electrolyzer. This ensures stable and safe system operation, timely and complete absorption of received wind and solar power, while minimizing damage to the electrolyzers during operation and extending the overall service life of the system.

[0116] In some embodiments, during system operation, refer to Figure 3 As shown, in specific implementations, the method may also include the following:

[0117] S3-1: Monitor the operating status of the PEM electrolyzer;

[0118] S3-2: When the load of the PEM electrolyzer is less than the preset load threshold, the preset second trigger condition is determined to be met;

[0119] S3-3: According to the preset maintenance rules, shut down the PEM electrolytic cell, use the power supply IGBT rectifier module to input low-frequency AC power to the PEM electrolytic cell for active electrical excitation; and turn on the alkali circulation pump of the first ALK electrolytic cell and / or the second ALK electrolytic cell to absorb the Joule heat generated during the electrical excitation of the PEM electrolytic cell.

[0120] In practice, based on preset operation control rules, the operating status of the PEM electrolyzer can be monitored in real time or periodically during system operation. When the load of the PEM electrolyzer is detected to be less than a preset load threshold (e.g., <20% of rated load), or when it is in a shutdown state, it can be determined that even if the PEM electrolyzer is shut down, it will not pose a risk to the overall operation of the system. In other words, shutdown maintenance of the PEM electrolyzer is permitted at this time. Furthermore, based on the health status of the PEM electrolyzer, it can be determined whether active maintenance of the PEM electrolyzer is required. If so, it is determined that a preset second trigger condition is met.

[0121] In practice, the remaining lifespan (or remaining service life) of the current PEM electrolyzer can be determined first, along with its rate of decline (the determination of the remaining lifespan and its rate of decline will be explained in detail later). It can then be checked whether the remaining lifespan of the current PEM electrolyzer is less than a preset remaining lifespan threshold, and whether the rate of decline of the remaining lifespan is greater than a preset rate of decline threshold. If the remaining lifespan of the current PEM electrolyzer is less than the preset remaining lifespan threshold, and / or the rate of decline of the remaining lifespan is greater than the preset rate of decline threshold, it is determined that active maintenance of the PEM electrolyzer is required, thereby confirming that the preset second trigger condition is met.

[0122] In practice, when the preset second trigger condition is met, the PEM electrolyzer can be shut down according to preset maintenance rules. Low-frequency AC power is then actively energized by inputting it into the PEM electrolyzer via the power supply (e.g., an integrated power supply) IGBT rectifier module to suppress catalyst aggregation on the membrane electrode assembly and proton exchange membrane dehydration aging, thus achieving active maintenance of the PEM electrolyzer. Specifically, the frequency of the low-frequency AC power can be 100-1000Hz, the amplitude can be 5%-10% of the rated voltage, and the input duration can be 10-30 minutes.

[0123] While maintaining the PEM electrolyzer as described above, the alkali circulation pump of the first ALK electrolyzer can be turned on first. Utilizing the high heat capacity of the first ALK electrolyzer (alkali volume 14.9 m³, heat absorption of 56 MJ required for a 1°C temperature rise), it acts as a "heat sink," promptly absorbing the Joule heat generated during the electrical excitation of the PEM electrolyzer, preventing localized overheating and ensuring the electrode temperature remains below the preset risk temperature (e.g., 85°C). Simultaneously, the electrode temperature of the PEM electrolyzer can be monitored to ensure it is below the preset risk temperature. If, after running the alkali circulation pump of the first ALK electrolyzer for a period, the electrode temperature of the PEM electrolyzer remains above the preset risk temperature, the alkali circulation pump of the second ALK electrolyzer can be further turned on to assist in absorbing the Joule heat generated during the electrical excitation of the PEM electrolyzer.

[0124] Based on the above embodiments, during the system operation phase, it can automatically determine whether it is necessary to perform active maintenance on PEM electrolyzers with relatively short lifespans according to preset operation control rules; and automatically determine the appropriate time to perform active maintenance on the PEM electrolyzers, thereby extending the service life of the PEM electrolyzers in a targeted manner, and thus effectively extending the overall service life of the system.

[0125] In some embodiments, during system operation, refer to Figure 4 As shown, in specific implementations, the method may also include the following:

[0126] S4-1: At each preset time interval, collect the number of start-ups and shutdowns, the plate corrosion rate of the first ALK electrolytic cell and the second ALK electrolytic cell, as well as the number of voltage cycles and the deep peak tuning duration of the PEM electrolytic cell.

[0127] S4-2: Using a preset ALK degradation model, determine the remaining lifespan of the first ALK electrolytic cell and the second ALK electrolytic cell based on the number of start-ups and shutdowns and the plate corrosion rate; using a preset PEM degradation model, determine the remaining lifespan of the PEM electrolytic cell based on the number of voltage cycles and the deep peak modulation duration.

[0128] S4-3: Determine the remaining lifespan of the ALK electrolytic cell based on the remaining lifespan of the first ALK electrolytic cell and the remaining lifespan of the second ALK electrolytic cell.

[0129] S4-4: Based on the remaining lifespan of the ALK electrolyzer and the remaining lifespan of the PEM electrolyzer, calculate the rate of decrease in the remaining lifespan of the ALK electrolyzer and the rate of decrease in the remaining lifespan of the PEM electrolyzer.

[0130] S4-5: Determine whether the preset third trigger condition is met based on the rate of decrease of the remaining life of the ALK electrolyzer and the rate of decrease of the remaining life of the PEM electrolyzer.

[0131] S4-6: When the preset third trigger condition is met, according to the preset operation control rules, the specified high-frequency load is transferred from the load currently borne by the PEM electrolyzer to the second ALK electrolyzer.

[0132] The aforementioned preset time interval can be determined based on the system life matching coefficient of the hybrid hydrogen production system. The system life matching coefficient can be determined based on the lifespan of the first ALK electrolyzer, the lifespan of the second ALK electrolyzer, and the lifespan of the PEM electrolyzer in the system.

[0133] The aforementioned preset ALK degradation model can specifically be tested in advance using a sample hybrid hydrogen production system; and based on the experimental test data, an algorithm model can be trained to automatically predict the remaining life of the ALK electrolyzer based on the learned degradation law of the ALK electrolyzer operation, especially the variation law of the remaining life of the ALK electrolyzer with the number of start-ups and shutdowns and the plate corrosion rate.

[0134] The aforementioned pre-set PEM degradation model can specifically be an algorithm model that can be trained based on experimental testing using a sample hybrid hydrogen production system, and trained on the experimental test data to obtain an algorithm model that can automatically predict the remaining life of the PEM electrolyzer based on the learned degradation law of the PEM electrolyzer operation, especially the variation law of the remaining life of the PEM electrolyzer with the number of voltage cycles and the duration of deep peak modulation.

[0135] Specifically, the aforementioned pre-defined PEM degradation model can be expressed in the following form:

[0136]

[0137] in, For the remaining lifespan of the PEM electrolyzer, This refers to the service life of the PEM electrolyzer (or the initial remaining life of the PEM electrolyzer). For the number of voltage cycles, This represents the deep peak-shaving condition indication function, which takes the value 1 when the load is less than 30% and 0 otherwise. t For time, The voltage cycle damage coefficient of the PEM electrolyzer. The peak-shaving damage coefficient of the PEM electrolyzer.

[0138] The aforementioned pre-defined ALK degradation model can be expressed in the following form:

[0139]

[0140] in, For the remaining lifespan of the ALK electrolyzer, This refers to the service life of the ALK electrolyzer (or the initial remaining service life of the ALK electrolyzer). The number of start-stop cycles is given, and T represents the amount of plate corrosion. This indicates that the plate corrosion rate is greater than the preset corrosion rate threshold. In this situation, The thermal damage coefficient during the start-up and shutdown cycles of the ALK electrolytic cell. This represents the abnormal corrosion damage coefficient of the ALK electrolytic cell.

[0141] In practice, the remaining lifespan of the first ALK electrolytic cell and the remaining lifespan of the second ALK electrolytic cell can be predicted first. Then, based on the replacement cost and rated capacity of the first ALK electrolytic cell and the replacement cost and rated capacity of the second ALK electrolytic cell, the corresponding weighting coefficients can be determined. Finally, based on the remaining lifespan of the first ALK electrolytic cell, the remaining lifespan of the second ALK electrolytic cell, and the corresponding weighting coefficients, the remaining lifespan of the ALK electrolytic cell can be calculated through weighted calculation.

[0142] In practice, the remaining lifespan of the ALK electrolyzer and the PEM electrolyzer can be predicted at preset time intervals (e.g., 30 minutes) as described above, and the predicted remaining lifespan of the ALK electrolyzer and the PEM electrolyzer can be recorded in a preset degradation log.

[0143] In practice, after determining the remaining lifetime of the ALK electrolyzer and the PEM electrolyzer at the current time point, a preset degradation log can be queried to obtain the remaining lifetimes of the ALK electrolyzer and the PEM electrolyzer at multiple adjacent historical time points before the current time point. Then, based on the remaining lifetime of the ALK electrolyzer at the current time point and the remaining lifetimes of the ALK electrolyzer at multiple adjacent historical time points before the current time point, the rate of decline of the remaining lifetime of the ALK electrolyzer is determined through fitting calculation. Similarly, based on the remaining lifetime of the PEM electrolyzer at the current time point and the remaining lifetimes of the PEM electrolyzer at multiple adjacent historical time points before the current time point, the rate of decline of the remaining lifetime of the PEM electrolyzer is determined through fitting calculation.

[0144] In practice, the ratio between the difference between the remaining lifespan reduction rate of the PEM electrolyzer and the remaining lifespan reduction rate of the ALK electrolyzer and the remaining lifespan reduction rate of the ALK electrolyzer can be calculated and tested to determine whether the preset third trigger condition is met.

[0145] When the preset third trigger condition is met, it can be determined that without power distribution adjustments, the PEM electrolyzer will inevitably reach the end of its service life much faster than the ALK electrolyzer. Consequently, even if the ALK electrolyzer has not yet reached its service life, the entire hybrid hydrogen production system will be unable to operate normally and must be shut down to replace the PEM electrolyzer. Therefore, when the preset trigger condition is met, a designated high-frequency load can be transferred from the current load of the PEM electrolyzer to the second ALK electrolyzer according to the preset operation control rules.

[0146] Specifically, according to the preset operation control rules, the high-frequency fluctuating load (change rate >10% / s) previously borne by the PEM electrolyzer can be transferred to the second ALK electrolyzer. That is, the second ALK electrolyzer needs to operate in the 10-30% low load range to avoid hydrogen-oxygen crosstalk by utilizing its asymmetric structure, slow down the degradation of the PEM electrolyzer, and extend the life of the PEM electrolyzer.

[0147] In this way, by switching to the life balance mode during system operation, dynamic power redistribution can be carried out in a timely manner. At the cost of sacrificing part of the lifespan of the second ALK electrolyzer, the degradation rate of the ALK electrolyzer and the PEM electrolyzer can be balanced by load replacement, thereby achieving a relative balance in the lifespan of the two types of electrolyzers and thus helping to improve the overall lifespan of the system.

[0148] When the preset third trigger condition is met, according to the preset operation control rules, after transferring the specified high-frequency load from the load currently borne by the PEM electrolyzer to the second ALK electrolyzer, in specific implementation, it is also possible to continue to collect data at preset time intervals, based on the number of start-stop cycles and electrode corrosion rates of the first and second ALK electrolyzers, as well as the number of voltage cycles and deep peak tuning duration of the PEM electrolyzer, to monitor the difference between the remaining lifespan reduction rate of the PEM electrolyzer and the remaining lifespan reduction rate of the ALK electrolyzer, and whether the ratio between the remaining lifespan reduction rates of the ALK electrolyzer is less than the preset stable ratio; when it is less than the preset stable ratio, the lifespan balancing mode can be terminated and the normal operation mode can be restored.

[0149] In some embodiments, after transferring a specified load from the current load of the PEM electrolyzer to the second ALK electrolyzer according to preset operation control rules, the method may further include the following:

[0150] S1: Check whether the second ALK electrolytic cell matches the current load;

[0151] S2: When the second ALK electrolyzer does not match the current load, transfer the specified deep peak-shaving load from the second ALK electrolyzer to the PEM electrolyzer.

[0152] In practice, when the second ALK electrolyzer does not match the current load, the deep peak load (<30% load) previously borne by the second ALK electrolyzer can be transferred to the PEM electrolyzer according to the preset operation control rules. This utilizes the wide load capacity of the PEM electrolyzer to assist the second ALK electrolyzer in bearing the excessive load, thereby achieving a balance between the degradation rates of the two types of electrolyzers.

[0153] In practice, the following formula can be used for joint optimization to determine the specified load that needs to be transferred from the PEM electrolyzer to the second ALK electrolyzer. And the specified load transferred from the second ALK electrolyzer to the PEM electrolyzer. :

[0154]

[0155]

[0156]

[0157] in, The specified load (high-frequency fluctuating load) for transferring from the PEM electrolyzer to the second ALK electrolyzer. The specified load (deep peak load) for transferring from the second ALK electrolyzer to the PEM electrolyzer. The load of the PEM electrolyzer before transfer, For the load of the PEM electrolyzer after transfer, The load of the second ALK electrolyzer before transfer. The load of the second ALK electrolyzer after transfer, The high-frequency fluctuating load demand parameters are determined based on the current characteristics of wind and solar power variations, where k is a preset lifetime balancing adjustment coefficient. This is the difference between the rate of decline of the remaining life of the current ALK electrolyzer and the rate of decline of the remaining life of the PEM electrolyzer.

[0158] In some embodiments, during system operation, refer to Figure 5 As shown, in specific implementations, the method may also include the following:

[0159] S5-1: Obtain the variation characteristics of wind and solar power in the current time period;

[0160] S5-2: Determine the operating condition type for the current time period based on the characteristics of wind and solar power changes during the current time period; wherein, the operating condition type includes one of the following: gentle climb operating condition, steep rise and fall operating condition, deep peak shaving operating condition, and rapid fluctuation rise operating condition.

[0161] S5-3: Determine the matching target control mode based on the current operating condition type and preset operation control rules for the current time period;

[0162] S5-4: Based on the target control mode, control the operation of the hybrid hydrogen production system for the current time period.

[0163] Specifically, the aforementioned operating conditions may include one of the following: gradual ramp-up condition, steep ramp-up and ramp-down condition, deep peak-shaving condition, and rapid fluctuation ramp-up condition. It should be noted that the various operating conditions listed above are relatively representative complex operating conditions in the system operation phase of wind-solar coupled fluctuating power generation scenarios.

[0164] Before implementation, for the aforementioned multiple operating conditions, based on the structural characteristics of the hybrid hydrogen production system, targeted clustering learning and statistical analysis are performed using relevant experimental operation test data to determine the specific control mode corresponding to each operating condition type, and this mode is stored in the preset operation control rules. This allows for more precise and targeted control of the hybrid control system by differentiating between different operating conditions and adopting the corresponding control mode according to the preset operation control rules.

[0165] In practice, a pre-set wind and solar power change prediction model can be used to determine and obtain the change characteristics of wind and solar power in the current time period.

[0166] In practice, based on the characteristics of wind and solar power changes during the current time period, when it is detected that within a reference duration (e.g., 10 minutes), the wind and solar power gradually increases from a lower first power reference value to a higher second power reference value in a relatively smooth and less fluctuating manner, the operating condition type for the current time period can be determined as: a smooth increase condition. For example, within 10 minutes, the wind and solar power slowly increases from 15% to 70%.

[0167] When it is detected that within a reference time period, wind and solar power rapidly rises from a relatively small first power reference value to a relatively large second power reference value, and then rapidly falls from the second power reference value to a relatively small third power reference value, the operating condition type for the current time period can be determined as a steep rise and fall condition. For example, within 10 minutes, wind and solar power rapidly rises from 10% to 90%, and then rapidly drops to 30%.

[0168] When it is detected that within a reference time period, wind and solar power rapidly decreases from a relatively large second power reference value to a relatively small first power reference value (deep peak shaving), and then rapidly increases from the first power reference value to a relatively large fourth power reference value, the operating condition of the current time period can be determined as a deep peak shaving condition. Based on this condition, it is often necessary to shut down the PEM electrolyzer to avoid peak loads and provide targeted protection for the PEM electrolyzer; furthermore, proactive maintenance of the PEM electrolyzer can be considered during the shutdown period. For example, if within 15 minutes, wind and solar power rapidly decreases from 90% to 25% (deep peak shaving) and then rapidly increases to 100%.

[0169] When it is detected that within a reference time period, wind and solar power rapidly rises from a smaller first power reference value to a larger second power reference value, accompanied by high-frequency fluctuations (e.g., fluctuations with a change rate > 10% / s), the operating condition type for the current time period can be determined as a rapid fluctuation rising condition. Based on this condition, during the handling of high-frequency fluctuations, the loads of the PEM electrolyzer and the second ALK electrolyzer can be dynamically adjusted to achieve lifespan balance. For example, wind and solar power jumps from 30% to 75% within 10 minutes, with high-frequency fluctuations on the order of seconds.

[0170] In practice, based on the operating conditions of the current time period, a matching control mode can be selected from multiple control modes stored in the preset operation control rules as the target control mode. Then, based on the target control mode, the operating characteristics of the hybrid hydrogen production system in the current time period are fully considered, and the specific operation of the hybrid system in the current time period is precisely controlled.

[0171] Based on the above embodiments, by further subdividing the different operating conditions in the system operation phase, and according to the target control mode that matches the operating condition type of the current time period, the operation of the hybrid hydrogen production system in the current time period can be controlled in a targeted manner, thereby enabling more precise and stable control of the operation of the hybrid hydrogen production system and obtaining relatively better operating results.

[0172] In some embodiments, when the operating condition type for the current time period is deep peak shaving, refer to Figure 6 As shown, the above-mentioned control of the hybrid hydrogen production system based on the target control mode for the current time period may include the following in specific implementation:

[0173] S6-1: During the period of declining wind and solar power, reduce the load of the first ALK electrolytic cell, the second ALK electrolytic cell, and the PEM electrolytic cell; and monitor the operating status of the PEM electrolytic cell.

[0174] S6-2: When the load of the PEM electrolyzer is less than the preset load threshold, determine whether the PEM electrolyzer needs maintenance.

[0175] S6-3: When it is determined that the PEM electrolyzer needs maintenance, according to the preset maintenance rules, the PEM electrolyzer is shut down, and low-frequency AC power is input to the PEM electrolyzer for active electrical excitation using the power supply IGBT rectifier module; and the alkali circulation pump of the first ALK electrolyzer and / or the second ALK electrolyzer is turned on to absorb the Joule heat generated during the electrical excitation of the PEM electrolyzer.

[0176] S6-4: Restart the PEM electrolyzer during the recovery phase of wind and solar power.

[0177] In practice, during the phase of declining wind and solar power, the loads of the first ALK electrolyzer, the second ALK electrolyzer, and the PEM electrolyzer can be reduced according to the preset operation control rules and the characteristics of wind and solar power changes in the current time period, based on the corresponding proportions.

[0178] Specifically, for example, the load of the first ALK electrolyzer (700 Nm³) is reduced to 210 Nm³ / h (30%), the load of the second ALK electrolyzer (300 Nm³) is reduced to 75 Nm³ / h (25%), and the load of the PEM electrolyzer is reduced to 50 Nm³ / h (25%).

[0179] In practice, during the power recovery phase, the PEM electrolyzer can be quickly restarted (<5 minutes) in a hot standby state according to the preset operation control rules to take over the rapid rise of wind and solar power and reduce the loss of wind and solar power due to abandonment.

[0180] Based on the above embodiments, the operating characteristics of deep peak shaving can be fully considered. While protecting the PEM electrolyzer from peak shaving during shutdown, the time gaps during the shutdown or low-load operation of the PEM electrolyzer can be effectively utilized. When necessary, the PEM electrolyzer can be actively maintained in a timely manner, so that the PEM electrolyzer can be effectively repaired during the deep peak shaving shutdown, its membrane electrode activity can be restored, and membrane dehydration and aging caused by long-term shutdown can be avoided.

[0181] In some embodiments, when the current operating condition is a rapidly fluctuating and rising condition, the above-mentioned control of the operation of the hybrid hydrogen production system for the current time period based on the target control mode may include the following:

[0182] S1: Dynamically adjust the loads of the first ALK electrolytic cell, the second ALK electrolytic cell, and the PEM electrolytic cell based on wind and solar power output; and monitor the fluctuation rate of wind and solar power output.

[0183] S2: When the fluctuation rate of wind and solar power is greater than the preset rate of change threshold, determine the remaining lifespan of the current ALK electrolyzer and the remaining lifespan of the current PEM electrolyzer.

[0184] S3: Based on the current remaining lifespan of the ALK electrolyzer and the current remaining lifespan of the PEM electrolyzer, determine whether the preset third trigger condition is met.

[0185] S4: When the preset third trigger condition is met, the specified high-frequency load is transferred from the load currently borne by the PEM electrolyzer to the second ALK electrolyzer; and the heat generated by the operation of the second ALK electrolyzer is circulated through the short-circuit bypass to maintain the temperature stability of the second ALK electrolyzer.

[0186] The preset rate of change threshold can be 10% / s.

[0187] In practice, under the initial conditions, the operating load of the PEM electrolyzer can be 60 Nm³ / h (30%), the second ALK electrolyzer can be in a hot standby state (not started), and the operating load of the first ALK electrolyzer can be 350 Nm³ / h (50%).

[0188] In practice, the rate of change of the actual wind and solar power received by the system can be monitored in real time or at regular intervals. When the rate of change of wind and solar power is detected to be greater than the preset rate of change threshold >10% / s, it can be determined that high-frequency fluctuations have occurred. At this time, it can be considered whether to perform life balancing operation on the system.

[0189] When the preset third trigger condition is met, it is determined that a life balancing operation is required for the system. At this time, according to the preset operation control rules, the high-frequency fluctuating load originally borne by the PEM electrolyzer can be selectively transferred to the second ALK electrolyzer. Specifically, the second ALK electrolyzer is started and operated, and its operating load is controlled at 75-90 Nm³ / h, 25-30% load. Although the second ALK electrolyzer enters the low-load region, its small size allows for rapid adjustment. Simultaneously, the PEM electrolyzer can maintain a constant power (150 Nm³ / h, 75%) steady-state operation, avoiding voltage cycling. Furthermore, the heat generated by the low-load operation of the second ALK electrolyzer can be circulated through a short-circuit bypass to maintain relative temperature stability.

[0190] Based on the above embodiments, the characteristics of the rapidly fluctuating working conditions can be fully considered, effectively reducing or even avoiding the high-frequency voltage cycle (the main aging factor) of the PEM electrolyzer. Although the above process sacrifices part of the lifespan of the second ALK electrolyzer, it achieves an extension of the overall system lifespan and a relatively optimal economic effect due to its low cost and easy replacement.

[0191] In some embodiments, when the current operating condition is a gradual increase, the above-mentioned control of the operation of the hybrid hydrogen production system for the current time period based on the target control mode may include the following:

[0192] S1: During the first operating period (e.g., 0-5 minutes), only the PEM electrolyzer is started and run to full load (100%). The waste heat of the PEM electrolyzer is used to heat the alkaline solution of the second ALK electrolyzer through a heat exchange loop (or heat exchanger) to preheat the second ALK electrolyzer.

[0193] S2: During the second operating period (e.g., 5-25 minutes), monitor the temperature of the second ALK electrolytic cell and the temperature difference between the plates of the second ALK electrolytic cell until the temperature of the second ALK electrolytic cell is greater than the preset temperature threshold and the temperature difference between the plates of the second ALK electrolytic cell is less than or equal to the preset temperature difference threshold, and enter the hot standby state.

[0194] S3: During the third operating period (e.g., 25 minutes), start and run the second ALK electrolyzer to full load (100%), while reducing the load of the PEM electrolyzer to 1 / 4 of full load (25%, e.g., 50 Nm³ / h) to mainly bear the top fluctuations in wind and solar power.

[0195] S4: Start and run the first ALK electrolyzer during the fourth operating period (e.g., 30 minutes), and use the circulating alkaline solution of the second ALK electrolyzer (e.g., temperature 80°C) to mix with the circulating alkaline solution of the first ALK electrolyzer (temperature 51°C) to enable the first ALK electrolyzer to quickly reach the rated operating condition, while keeping the PEM electrolyzer able to continue to withstand fluctuations of ±50 Nm³ / h.

[0196] Based on the above embodiments, the characteristics of the gradual ramp-up operation can be fully considered. On the one hand, the second ALK electrolyzer can be effectively prevented from suffering from cold start thermal shock. On the other hand, the PEM electrolyzer does not enter deep peak regulation (load > 25%) throughout the process, thereby minimizing the mechanical stress of the membrane electrode of the PEM electrolyzer and achieving targeted protection for the PEM electrolyzer.

[0197] In some embodiments, when the current operating condition is a steep rise and fall condition, the above-mentioned control of the operation of the hybrid hydrogen production system for the current time period based on the target control mode may include the following:

[0198] S1: During the fifth operating period (e.g., 0-30 minutes), only the PEM electrolyzer is started and operated to full load (100%), and the waste heat generated by the PEM electrolyzer is used to preheat the second ALK electrolyzer.

[0199] S2: During the sixth working condition duration (e.g., 30-60 minutes), start and run the second ALK electrolyzer to full load (100%). At this time, due to the sudden drop in wind and solar power, the PEM electrolyzer is required to quickly reduce its load to 30% of the full load, while the second ALK electrolyzer is used to bear the stable base load.

[0200] S3: Utilize the heat from the circulating alkali solution in the second ALK electrolyzer to keep the first ALK electrolyzer in a hot standby state and prevent it from starting, thus avoiding damage from deep peak shaving.

[0201] Based on the above embodiments, the operating characteristics of steep rise and fall conditions can be fully considered, allowing the first ALK electrolyzer to avoid a complete cold start cycle; while for the PEM electrolyzer, although it bears part of the fluctuating load, the main base load is shared by the second ALK electrolyzer, thus effectively reducing the number of voltage cycles of the PEM electrolyzer and achieving protection for the PEM electrolyzer.

[0202] In some embodiments, the hybrid hydrogen production system may further include a third ALK electrolyzer. The rated capacity of the third ALK electrolyzer may differ from, or be the same as, that of the first and second ALK electrolyzers. Furthermore, the hybrid hydrogen production system may also include other electrolyzers of different capacities, such as a fourth or fifth ALK electrolyzer, to allow for more precise interaction and coordination between the multiple different ALK electrolyzers and the PEM electrolyzer, thereby extending the overall lifespan of the system.

[0203] As can be seen from the above, based on the scheduling and control method of the ALK-PEM hybrid hydrogen production system based on lifetime matching provided in the embodiments of this specification, before specific implementation, a hybrid hydrogen production system including at least: a PEM electrolyzer, a first ALK electrolyzer, and a second ALK electrolyzer can be constructed; wherein, the rated capacity of the first ALK electrolyzer is greater than that of the second ALK electrolyzer. In specific implementation, when wind and solar power is received, the PEM electrolyzer is started and operated according to the preset operation control rules to absorb the received wind and solar power; and the waste heat generated by the operation of the PEM electrolyzer is used to preheat the second ALK electrolyzer through the heat exchange circuit; the temperature of the second ALK electrolyzer and the temperature difference between its plates are monitored; when the temperature of the second ALK electrolyzer is greater than the preset temperature threshold and the temperature difference between its plates is less than or equal to the preset temperature difference threshold, the second ALK electrolyzer is started and operated according to the preset operation control rules; and the load of the PEM electrolyzer is reduced; when the second ALK electrolyzer is operating stably, the circulating alkali solution of the second ALK electrolyzer is used to preheat the first ALK electrolyzer through the gas-liquid separator, so that the first ALK electrolyzer is in a hot standby state. This allows it to be well adapted to wind-solar coupled fluctuating power generation scenarios. On the one hand, by using the waste heat from the PEM electrolyzer during system startup to preheat the second ALK electrolyzer, and by using the circulating alkaline solution from the second ALK electrolyzer to preheat the first ALK electrolyzer when the second ALK electrolyzer is running stably, the thermal shock damage during the cold start of the ALK electrolyzer can be effectively reduced. On the other hand, by introducing and utilizing the smaller capacity of the second ALK electrolyzer to flexibly assist in sharing the fluctuating load borne by the PEM electrolyzer, the damage from wide load fluctuations during long-term operation of the PEM electrolyzer can be effectively reduced. This can effectively extend the overall service life of the hybrid hydrogen production system and ensure the safe and stable operation of the hybrid hydrogen production system.

[0204] This specification provides an electronic device through its embodiments. (See attached document.) Figure 7 As shown. The electronic device includes a network communication port 701, a processor 702, and a memory 703. These structures are connected by internal cables so that they can perform specific data interaction.

[0205] Specifically, the network communication port 701 can be used to receive wind and solar power.

[0206] The processor 702 is specifically configured to, upon receiving wind and solar power, start and operate the PEM electrolyzer according to preset operating control rules to absorb the received wind and solar power; preheat the second ALK electrolyzer using the waste heat generated during the operation of the PEM electrolyzer through a heat exchange circuit; monitor the temperature of the second ALK electrolyzer and the temperature difference between its plates; when the temperature of the second ALK electrolyzer is greater than a preset temperature threshold and the temperature difference between its plates is less than or equal to a preset temperature difference threshold, start and operate the second ALK electrolyzer according to preset operating control rules; and reduce the load of the PEM electrolyzer; when the second ALK electrolyzer is operating stably, preheat the first ALK electrolyzer using the circulating alkali solution from the second ALK electrolyzer through a gas-liquid separator, so that the first ALK electrolyzer is in a hot standby state.

[0207] The memory 703 can be used to store the corresponding instruction program and related intermediate data.

[0208] Based on the above method, the relevant structural performance of electronic equipment can be effectively utilized to improve the data processing speed of electronic equipment and efficiently realize the data processing for operation control of the hybrid hydrogen production system based on wind and solar power.

[0209] In this embodiment, the network communication port 701 can be a virtual port bound to different communication protocols, thereby enabling the sending or receiving of different data. For example, the network communication port can be a port responsible for web data communication, a port responsible for FTP data communication, or a port responsible for email data communication. Furthermore, the network communication port can also be a physical communication interface or communication chip. For example, it can be a wireless mobile network communication chip, such as GSM or CDMA; it can also be a Wi-Fi chip; or it can be a Bluetooth chip.

[0210] In this embodiment, the processor 702 can be implemented in any suitable manner. For example, the processor can take the form of a microprocessor or processor and a computer-readable medium storing computer-readable program code (e.g., software or firmware) executable by the (micro)processor, logic gates, switches, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), programmable logic controllers, and embedded microcontrollers, etc. This specification is not limiting.

[0211] In this embodiment, the memory 703 may include multiple layers. In a digital system, anything that can store binary data can be a memory. In an integrated circuit, a circuit with storage function but no physical form is also called a memory, such as RAM, FIFO, etc. In a system, a storage device with a physical form is also called a memory, such as a memory stick, TF card, etc.

[0212] This specification also provides a computer-readable storage medium based on the above-described scheduling and control method for the ALK-PEM hybrid hydrogen production system based on lifetime matching. The computer-readable storage medium stores computer program instructions that, when executed, implement the following: when wind and solar power is received, start and run the PEM electrolyzer according to preset operation control rules to absorb the received wind and solar power; preheat the second ALK electrolyzer using the waste heat generated during the operation of the PEM electrolyzer through a heat exchange circuit; monitor the temperature of the second ALK electrolyzer and the temperature difference between its plates; when the temperature of the second ALK electrolyzer is greater than a preset temperature threshold and the temperature difference between its plates is less than or equal to a preset temperature difference threshold, start and run the second ALK electrolyzer according to preset operation control rules; and reduce the load on the PEM electrolyzer; when the second ALK electrolyzer is operating stably, preheat the first ALK electrolyzer using the circulating alkali solution from the second ALK electrolyzer through a gas-liquid separator, so that the first ALK electrolyzer is in a hot standby state.

[0213] In this embodiment, the storage medium includes, but is not limited to, Random Access Memory (RAM), Read-Only Memory (ROM), Cache, Hard Disk Drive (HDD), or Memory Card. The memory can be used to store computer program instructions. The network communication unit can be an interface configured according to standards specified in the communication protocol for network connection communication.

[0214] In this embodiment, the specific functions and effects implemented by the program instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium can be explained in comparison with other embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0215] This specification also provides a computer program product, comprising at least a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the following method steps: when wind and solar power is received, a PEM electrolyzer is started and operated according to preset operation control rules to absorb the received wind and solar power; and the waste heat generated by the PEM electrolyzer during operation is used to preheat the second ALK electrolyzer through a heat exchange circuit; the temperature of the second ALK electrolyzer and the temperature difference between its plates are monitored; when the temperature of the second ALK electrolyzer is greater than a preset temperature threshold and the temperature difference between its plates is less than or equal to a preset temperature difference threshold, the second ALK electrolyzer is started and operated according to preset operation control rules; and the load of the PEM electrolyzer is reduced; when the second ALK electrolyzer is operating stably, the circulating alkali solution from the second ALK electrolyzer is used to preheat the first ALK electrolyzer through a gas-liquid separator, so that the first ALK electrolyzer is in a hot standby state.

[0216] See Figure 8 As shown, at the software level, this specification also provides a scheduling and control device for an ALK-PEM hybrid hydrogen production system based on lifetime matching, applicable to a hybrid hydrogen production system. This device may specifically include the following structural modules:

[0217] The first operating module 801 is specifically used to start and run the PEM electrolyzer according to the preset operating control rules when wind and solar power is received, so as to absorb the received wind and solar power; and to preheat the second ALK electrolyzer by using the waste heat generated by the PEM electrolyzer during operation through the heat exchange circuit.

[0218] The monitoring module 802 can be used to monitor the temperature of the second ALK electrolytic cell and the temperature difference between the plates of the second ALK electrolytic cell.

[0219] The second operation module 803 is specifically used to start and run the second ALK electrolytic cell according to the preset operation control rules when the temperature of the second ALK electrolytic cell is greater than the preset temperature threshold and the temperature difference between the plates of the second ALK electrolytic cell is less than or equal to the preset temperature difference threshold; and to reduce the load of the PEM electrolytic cell.

[0220] The preheating module 804 can be used to preheat the first ALK electrolytic cell by using the circulating alkaline solution of the second ALK electrolytic cell through a gas-liquid separator when the second ALK electrolytic cell is running stably, so that the first ALK electrolytic cell is in a hot standby state.

[0221] In some embodiments, after the first ALK electrolytic cell is placed in a hot standby state, the device may further be used to: determine the current wind and solar power and the current trend of wind and solar power change; determine whether a preset first trigger condition is met based on the current wind and solar power and the current trend of wind and solar power change; when the preset first trigger condition is met, start and run the first ALK electrolytic cell according to a preset operation control rule; and adjust the load of the second ALK electrolytic cell and the load of the PEM electrolytic cell.

[0222] In some embodiments, the device can also be used to: monitor the operating status of the PEM electrolyzer; determine that a preset second triggering condition is met when the load of the PEM electrolyzer is less than a preset load threshold; shut down the PEM electrolyzer according to preset maintenance rules, and use the power supply IGBT rectifier module to input low-frequency AC power to the PEM electrolyzer for active electrical excitation; and turn on the alkali circulation pump of the first ALK electrolyzer and / or the second ALK electrolyzer to absorb the Joule heat generated during the electrical excitation of the PEM electrolyzer.

[0223] In some embodiments, the device can also be used to: collect the start-up and shutdown times and electrode corrosion rates of the first and second ALK electrolytic cells, as well as the voltage cycle times and deep peak modulation duration of the PEM electrolytic cell at preset time intervals; determine the remaining lifetime of the first ALK electrolytic cell and the second ALK electrolytic cell using a preset ALK degradation model based on the start-up and shutdown times and electrode corrosion rates of the first and second ALK electrolytic cells; determine the remaining lifetime of the PEM electrolytic cell using a preset PEM degradation model based on the voltage cycle times and deep peak modulation duration of the PEM electrolytic cell; and further determine the remaining lifetime of the PEM electrolytic cell based on the voltage cycle times and deep peak modulation duration of the PEM electrolytic cell. The remaining lifespan of the ALK electrolyzer is determined based on the remaining lifespans of the first and second ALK electrolyzers. The rate of decline of the remaining lifespan of the ALK and PEM electrolyzers is calculated based on their respective remaining lifespans. A preset third trigger condition is then determined based on the rate of decline of the remaining lifespan of the ALK and PEM electrolyzers. When the preset third trigger condition is met, a specified high-frequency load is transferred from the current load of the PEM electrolyzer to the second ALK electrolyzer according to preset operation control rules.

[0224] In some embodiments, after transferring a specified load from the current load of the PEM electrolyzer to the second ALK electrolyzer according to a preset operation control rule, the device may also be used to: detect whether the second ALK electrolyzer matches the current load; when the second ALK electrolyzer does not match the current load, transfer a specified deep peak-shaving load from the second ALK electrolyzer to the PEM electrolyzer.

[0225] In some embodiments, the device may also be used to: acquire the variation characteristics of wind and solar power during the current time period; determine the operating condition type for the current time period based on the variation characteristics of wind and solar power during the current time period; wherein the operating condition type includes one of the following: gradual rise operating condition, steep rise and fall operating condition, deep peak shaving operating condition, and rapid fluctuation rise operating condition; determine a matching target control mode based on the operating condition type for the current time period and preset operation control rules; and control the operation of the hybrid hydrogen production system during the current time period based on the target control mode.

[0226] In some embodiments, when the current operating condition is a deep peak-shaving condition, the device can control the operation of the hybrid hydrogen production system during the current time period based on the target control mode in the following manner: During the wind and solar power decline phase, the loads of the first ALK electrolyzer, the second ALK electrolyzer, and the PEM electrolyzer are reduced; and the operating status of the PEM electrolyzer is monitored; when the load of the PEM electrolyzer is less than a preset load threshold, it is determined whether the PEM electrolyzer currently needs maintenance; when it is determined that the PEM electrolyzer currently needs maintenance, according to the preset maintenance rules, the PEM electrolyzer is shut down, and low-frequency AC power is input to the PEM electrolyzer for active electrical excitation using the power supply IGBT rectifier module; and the alkali circulation pumps of the first ALK electrolyzer and / or the second ALK electrolyzer are turned on to absorb the Joule heat generated during the electrical excitation of the PEM electrolyzer; during the wind and solar power recovery phase, the PEM electrolyzer is restarted.

[0227] In some embodiments, when the current operating condition is a rapidly fluctuating upward condition, the device can control the operation of the hybrid hydrogen production system for the current time period based on the target control mode in the following manner: dynamically adjust the loads of the first ALK electrolyzer, the second ALK electrolyzer, and the PEM electrolyzer according to the wind and solar power; and monitor the fluctuation rate of wind and solar power; when the fluctuation rate of wind and solar power is greater than a preset rate of change threshold, determine the remaining lifespan of the current ALK electrolyzer and the remaining lifespan of the current PEM electrolyzer; determine whether a preset third trigger condition is met based on the remaining lifespan of the current ALK electrolyzer and the remaining lifespan of the current PEM electrolyzer; when the preset third trigger condition is met, transfer a specified high-frequency load from the load currently borne by the PEM electrolyzer to the second ALK electrolyzer; and circulate the heat generated by the operation of the second ALK electrolyzer through a short-circuit bypass to maintain the temperature stability of the second ALK electrolyzer.

[0228] In some embodiments, the hybrid hydrogen production system may further include a third ALK electrolyzer, etc.

[0229] It should be noted that the units, devices, or modules described in the above embodiments can be implemented by computer chips or physical entities, or by products with certain functions. For ease of description, the above devices are described by dividing them into various modules according to their functions. Of course, in implementing this specification, the functions of each module can be implemented in one or more software and / or hardware, or the module that implements the same function can be implemented by a combination of multiple sub-modules or sub-units, etc. The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation. For example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection between the devices or units shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection between devices or units can be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0230] As can be seen from the above, the scheduling and control device for the ALK-PEM hybrid hydrogen production system based on lifespan matching provided in the embodiments of this specification can be well adapted to wind-solar coupled fluctuating power generation scenarios. On the one hand, by using the waste heat from the PEM electrolyzer during system startup to preheat the second ALK electrolyzer, and by using the circulating alkaline solution from the second ALK electrolyzer to preheat the first ALK electrolyzer when the second ALK electrolyzer is running stably, the thermal shock damage during the cold start of the ALK electrolyzer can be effectively reduced. On the other hand, by introducing and utilizing the smaller capacity of the second ALK electrolyzer to flexibly assist in sharing the fluctuating load borne by the PEM electrolyzer, the wide load fluctuation damage during long-term operation of the PEM electrolyzer can be effectively reduced, thereby effectively extending the overall service life of the hybrid hydrogen production system and ensuring the safe and stable operation of the hybrid hydrogen production system.

[0231] In a specific scenario example, the scheduling and control method for the ALK-PEM hybrid hydrogen production system based on lifetime matching provided in this specification can be applied to realize the overall lifetime matching strategy and life extension of the ALK and PEM hybrid tank system. The specific implementation process may include the following:

[0232] In this scenario example, considering the following defects that often exist when using existing systems and methods: (1) Life mismatch leads to deterioration of system economy: In existing hybrid systems, the life of PEM (about 40,000 hours) is significantly shorter than that of ALK (about 60,000 hours), and the replacement cost of PEM is high (about 3-5 times that of ALK). Since the two operate independently, PEM often reaches the end of its life prematurely due to high frequency fluctuations, which leads to the need to shut down and replace PEM before the system reaches its design life, increasing maintenance costs. (2) Cold start thermal shock damage of ALK: Traditional ALK cold start takes 40-60 minutes. The plates and diaphragm undergo severe thermal shock (ΔT≈75℃) between ambient temperature (e.g., 5℃) and operating temperature (80℃), resulting in thermal stress fatigue of nickel electrodes, diaphragm sealing failure, and increased leakage rate after frequent start-stop. (3) PEM wide load fluctuation damage: Although PEM can operate at 5%-120% load, rapid power cycling (second-minute level) causes repeated expansion and contraction of the proton exchange membrane, resulting in the accumulation of mechanical stress in the catalyst layer. There is a lack of long-term operation verification to prove its tolerance to wide fluctuations. (4) Lack of active maintenance at the hybrid system level: Existing technologies for PEM maintenance are mostly passive protection (such as overvoltage and overtemperature protection), lacking synergistic life extension technologies that utilize the thermal capacity characteristics of ALK for thermal buffering and utilize integrated power supply for active electrical excitation.

[0233] To address the aforementioned issues and their root causes, this scenario example considers an overall lifespan matching strategy and lifespan extension method based on thermal-electric synergistic soft-start. By fully utilizing the structural characteristics of the hybrid system (asymmetric split ALK + integrated power supply), the lifespan decay rates of ALK and PEM are matched and synchronously decommissioned, thereby extending the overall system lifespan and reducing total lifespan costs. Specific implementation may include the following:

[0234] First, the original ALK cell was asymmetrically split into a smaller ALK cell (second ALK electrolyzer) of 300 Nm³ and a larger ALK cell (first ALK electrolyzer) of 700 Nm³, and combined with a PEM cell (PEM electrolyzer) of 200 Nm³ to form a corresponding hybrid hydrogen production system. Based on this hybrid hydrogen production system, the following four operating modes were designed.

[0235] Operating Mode 1: PEM→ALK One-Way Thermal Buffer Mechanism. Specifically, a one-way heat transfer path can be established from PEM to ALK (the second ALK electrolyzer). Through a heat exchange loop (heat exchanger) configured between PEM and the ALK cell, the waste heat generated by PEM operation (temperature 70-80℃) is used to preheat the ALK electrolyte to a standby state (50-60℃) before ALK startup. The specific control logic includes the following: 1) When the system receives wind and solar power and needs to start ALK, delay ALK startup by 30-60 minutes; 2) Start PEM first and run it at full load, using its waste heat to heat the alkali solution in the ALK cell through the heat exchanger; 3) When the ALK cell temperature reaches the standby threshold (50℃) and the plate temperature difference is ≤5℃, then start the ALK cell; 4) After the ALK cell stabilizes, the heat from its circulating alkali solution is used to further preheat the ALK cell, achieving a two-stage thermal buffer.

[0236] Operation Mode 2: Spatiotemporal Coordination of Active Electrical Excitation and ALK Heat Sink Active maintenance is implemented during PEM shutdown or low load (<20% of rated load). The specific process can include: In the time dimension, low-frequency AC electrical excitation (frequency 100-1000Hz, amplitude 5%-10% of rated voltage, duration 10-30 minutes) is applied to the PEM via the integrated power supply's IGBT rectifier module to suppress membrane electrode catalyst aggregation and proton exchange membrane dehydration and aging; in the spatial dimension, simultaneously with the electrical excitation, the alkali circulation pump in the ALK tank (700Nm³) is activated, utilizing its large heat capacity (alkali volume 14.9m³, heat absorption of 56MJ required for a 1℃ temperature rise) as a "heat sink" to absorb the Joule heat generated by the PEM electrical excitation, preventing localized overheating of the PEM (controlling the electrode plate temperature <85℃).

[0237] Operating Mode 3: The hybrid system's asymmetric soft-start sequence is based on the structural characteristics of asymmetric ALK splitting, establishing a four-level soft-start timing sequence to avoid ALK cold start impact and reduce the number of PEM deep peak shavings. The specific process may include the following: 1) First stage (0-30 minutes): Only PEM (200Nm³) is started, utilizing its rapid response characteristics (cold start <30 minutes) to immediately absorb wind and solar power; 2) Second stage (30-60 minutes): PEM operates at full load, and waste heat is preheated to the ALK tank (300Nm³) to hot standby state through the heat exchanger; 3) Third stage (60-90 minutes): ALK tank is started (preheated), PEM is derated to fluctuation regulation mode (bearing high-frequency fluctuations of ±10% of rated power), and ALK tank bears the base load (30-50% of rated power); 4) Fourth stage (when there is a high power demand): ALK tank (700Nm³) is started. At this time, ALK tank has been running stably and can "borrow heat" from the large tank (through alkaline solution circulation mixing) to shorten the start-up time of the large tank, and PEM continues to bear the fluctuation buffer.

[0238] Operation Mode 4: Establish differentiated degradation models for ALK and PEM based on dynamic power redistribution matching of degradation rates. Specifically, this involves an ALK degradation model, mainly considering the number of start-stop cycles (thermal cycling) and plate corrosion rate; and a PEM degradation model, mainly considering the number of voltage cycles (power fluctuation rate) and deep peak-shaving time (<20% load operating time). In practice, the ratio of the remaining lifetime (RUL) of the two can be calculated in real time. When the RUL decline rate of PEM exceeds that of ALK by 20%, a "lifetime balancing mode" is triggered: the high-frequency fluctuations (change rate >10% / s) originally intended to be borne by PEM are transferred to the ALK cell (even if the ALK cell needs to operate in the 10-30% low load range, its asymmetric structure avoids hydrogen-oxygen crosstalk); the deep peak-shaving (<30% load) originally intended to be borne by ALK is transferred to PEM (utilizing the wide load capacity of PEM), thus balancing the degradation rates of the two through load substitution.

[0239] Based on the four basic operating modes mentioned above, they can be applied to four different specific working conditions.

[0240] Example 1: Slow Rise Condition (Verification of Thermal Buffer Mechanism), Condition Description: Wind and solar power slowly rise from 15% to 70% within 10 minutes, ambient temperature 5℃. Specific implementation steps may include:

[0241] 1.t=0-5 minutes: Only start the PEM, set the power to 200 Nm³ / h (100%), and use its waste heat (power about 260 kW) to heat the alkali solution in the ALK tank through the heat exchanger;

[0242] 2. t = 5-25 minutes: Monitor the temperature of the ALK cell from 5℃ to 51℃ (hot standby state), with a plate temperature difference ≤ 5℃;

[0243] 3.t=25 minutes: Start the ALK mini-cell, set the power to 300 Nm³ / h (100%), and reduce the PEM to 50 Nm³ / h (25%) to handle the top fluctuations;

[0244] 4. t=30 minutes: Start the ALK large tank, using the circulating alkaline solution (temperature 80℃) from the ALK small tank to mix with the large tank (temperature 51℃). The large tank quickly reaches its rated operating conditions, while the PEM continues to handle fluctuations of ±50Nm³ / h. Life extension effect: The ALK small tank avoids cold start thermal shock, the PEM does not enter deep peak regulation (load > 25%) throughout the process, and the mechanical stress on the membrane electrode is minimized.

[0245] Example 2: Steep Rise and Fall Condition (Verification of Soft Start Sequence), Condition Description: Wind and solar power rises sharply from 10% to 90% within 10 minutes, then drops sharply to 30%. Specific implementation steps may include:

[0246] 1. First stage (0-30 minutes): PEM only runs, power rapidly increases from 20 Nm³ / h (10%) to 200 Nm³ / h (100%), using PEM waste heat to preheat ALK tank;

[0247] 2. Second stage (30-60 minutes): Start the ALK mini-cell (300 Nm³ / h). At this time, due to the sudden drop in power demand, the PEM quickly reduces the load to 60 Nm³ / h (30%), and the ALK mini-cell assumes the stable base load.

[0248] 3. Thermal buffer utilization: The ALK large cell remains in hot standby mode (utilizing the heat from the small cell circulation), and is not started, avoiding damage from deep peak shaving. Life extension effect: The ALK large cell avoids a complete cold start cycle; although the PEM bears the fluctuations, the ALK small cell shares the base load, reducing the number of voltage cycles for the PEM.

[0249] Example 3: Deep Peak Shaving Condition (Verification of Synergy between Electrical Excitation and Heat Sink), Condition Description: Wind and solar power output drops from 90% to 25% within 15 minutes (deep peak shaving), then rapidly rises to 100%, requiring PEM shutdown for peak avoidance. Specific implementation steps may include:

[0250] 1. Power reduction phase: ALK large tank (700Nm³) is reduced to 210Nm³ / h (30%), ALK small tank (300Nm³) is reduced to 75Nm³ / h (25%), and PEM is reduced to 50Nm³ / h (25%) before shutdown;

[0251] 2. PEM shutdown maintenance (t=15-45 minutes):

[0252] Specifically, the active electric excitation function of the integrated power supply can be activated to apply 100Hz AC electric excitation to the PEM with an amplitude of 10% of the rated voltage for 20 minutes; at the same time, the ALK large tank alkali circulation pump (flow rate 60m³ / h) can be turned on to absorb the Joule heat generated by the PEM electric excitation using its large heat capacity, and control the PEM temperature at 60-70℃.

[0253] 3. Power Recovery Phase: The PEM restarts rapidly from hot standby (<5 minutes), absorbing the rapid rise in wind and solar power. Life Extension Effect: The PEM receives effective maintenance during deep peak-shaving shutdowns, restoring membrane electrode activity and preventing membrane dehydration and aging caused by prolonged shutdowns.

[0254] Example 4: Rapid Response Condition (Rapid Fluctuation Rise Condition, Verifying Load Transfer and Life Extension), Condition Description: Wind and solar power jumps from 30% to 75% within 10 minutes, exhibiting second-level fluctuations. Specific implementation steps may include:

[0255] 1. Initial state: PEM running (60 Nm³ / h, 30%), ALK small cell in hot standby (not started), ALK large cell running (350 Nm³ / h, 50%).

[0256] 2. Fluctuation Occurrence: High-frequency fluctuations in wind and solar power (change rate > 10% / s) are detected, triggering the "lifetime balancing mode";

[0257] 3. Load transfer: High-frequency fluctuations are distributed to the ALK mini-cell (start-up and operation at 75-90 Nm³ / h, 25-30% load). Although the ALK mini-cell enters the low load region, its small size allows for rapid adjustment. The PEM maintains constant power (150 Nm³ / h, 75%) steady-state operation to avoid voltage cycling.

[0258] 4. Thermal Management: The heat generated by the ALK cell under low load operation is circulated through a short-circuit bypass to maintain a stable temperature. Lifespan Extension: PEM avoids high-frequency voltage cycling (a major aging factor). Although the ALK cell sacrifices some lifespan, its low cost and ease of replacement result in optimal overall system lifespan economy.

[0259] The above scenario examples have verified the scheduling and control method of the ALK-PEM hybrid hydrogen production system based on lifespan matching provided in this specification, which has the following beneficial effects: (1) Eliminating the thermal shock of ALK cold start and extending the lifespan of ALK: By preheating with PEM waste heat, ALK is changed from cold start at ambient temperature (5℃) to hot standby (50-60℃) start-up, the thermal shock ΔT is reduced from 75℃ to 25℃, the thermal stress of the electrode plate is reduced by more than 60%, the thermal fatigue life of the diaphragm is extended, and the leakage rate is controlled at 1×10 -4 Pa (2) Suppress PEM aging and achieve life matching: Reduce the membrane electrode degradation of PEM during shutdown by active electrical excitation (reducing the voltage growth rate by more than 10%) and heat sink protection; reduce the deep peak tuning time of PEM by soft start sequence, reduce the equivalent fatigue cycle number by 40-60%, extend the expected life by 15-20%, and achieve synchronous retirement with ALK. (3) Improve system availability and economy: Hybrid system avoids frequent shutdown maintenance, and the overall availability is increased to more than 95%; through synchronous retirement strategy, avoid the downtime loss caused by "replacing short but not long", and reduce the maintenance cost of the whole life cycle by 20-30%. (4) Make full use of the hardware characteristics of hybrid system: Utilize the thermal inertia difference of asymmetric split ALK (small slot fast start, large slot large thermal capacity) and the IGBT module of integrated power supply (electric excitation function) to achieve life extension without increasing additional hardware investment.

[0260] While this specification provides the steps of operation for the methods described in the embodiments or flowcharts, more or fewer steps may be included based on conventional or non-inventive means. The order of steps listed in the embodiments is merely one possible order of execution among many steps and does not represent the only possible order. In actual device or client product execution, the methods shown in the embodiments or drawings may be executed sequentially or in parallel (e.g., in a parallel processor or multi-threaded processing environment, or even a distributed data processing environment). The terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, product, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, product, or apparatus. Without further limitations, the presence of other identical or equivalent elements in a process, method, product, or apparatus that includes said elements is not excluded. The terms "first," "second," etc., are used to denote names and do not indicate any particular order.

[0261] Those skilled in the art will also know that, besides implementing the controller using purely computer-readable program code, the same functions can be achieved by logically programming the method steps, making the controller function as logic gates, switches, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), programmable logic controllers (PLCs), and embedded microcontrollers. Therefore, such a controller can be considered a hardware component, and the devices within it used to implement various functions can also be considered structures within that hardware component. Alternatively, the devices used to implement various functions can be considered as both software modules implementing the method and structures within a hardware component.

[0262] This specification can be described in the general context of computer-executable instructions that are executed by a computer, such as program modules. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, objects, components, data structures, classes, etc., that perform a specific task or implement a specific abstract data type. This specification can also be practiced in distributed computing environments, where tasks are performed by remote processing devices connected via a communication network. In distributed computing environments, program modules can reside in local and remote computer-readable storage media, including storage devices.

[0263] As can be seen from the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that this specification can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms. Based on this understanding, the technical solutions of this specification can essentially be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product can be stored in a storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, mobile terminal, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments or some parts of the embodiments of this specification.

[0264] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. Each embodiment focuses on its differences from other embodiments. This specification can be used in numerous general-purpose or special-purpose computer system environments or configurations. Examples include: personal computers, server computers, handheld or portable devices, tablet devices, multiprocessor systems, microprocessor-based systems, set-top boxes, programmable electronic devices, network PCs, minicomputers, mainframe computers, and distributed computing environments including any of the above systems or devices, etc.

[0265] Although this specification has been described by way of examples, those skilled in the art will recognize that many variations and modifications are possible without departing from the spirit of this specification, and it is intended that the appended text include such variations and modifications without departing from the spirit of this specification.

Claims

1. A scheduling and control method for an ALK-PEM hybrid hydrogen production system based on lifetime matching, characterized in that, The method is applied to a hybrid hydrogen production system, wherein the hybrid hydrogen production system includes at least: a PEM electrolyzer, a first ALK electrolyzer, and a second ALK electrolyzer; the PEM electrolyzer is connected to the second ALK electrolyzer via a heat exchange circuit, and the second ALK electrolyzer is connected to the first ALK electrolyzer via a gas-liquid separator; wherein the rated capacity of the first ALK electrolyzer is greater than that of the second ALK electrolyzer, and the method includes: When wind and solar power is received, the PEM electrolyzer is started and operated according to the preset operation control rules to absorb the received wind and solar power; and the waste heat generated by the operation of the PEM electrolyzer is used to preheat the second ALK electrolyzer through the heat exchange circuit. Monitor the temperature of the second ALK electrolytic cell and the temperature difference between the plates of the second ALK electrolytic cell; When the temperature of the second ALK electrolytic cell is greater than the preset temperature threshold and the temperature difference between the plates of the second ALK electrolytic cell is less than or equal to the preset temperature difference threshold, the second ALK electrolytic cell is started and operated according to the preset operation control rules, and the load of the PEM electrolytic cell is reduced. When the second ALK electrolytic cell is running stably, the circulating alkaline solution from the second ALK electrolytic cell is used to preheat the first ALK electrolytic cell through a gas-liquid separator, so that the first ALK electrolytic cell is in a hot standby state.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, After bringing the first ALK electrolytic cell to a hot standby state, the method further includes: Determine the current wind and solar power output, and the current trend of wind and solar power output change; Based on the current wind and solar power and the current trend of wind and solar power changes, determine whether the preset first triggering condition is met; When the preset first trigger condition is met, the first ALK electrolytic cell is started and run according to the preset operation control rules; and the load of the second ALK electrolytic cell and the load of the PEM electrolytic cell are adjusted.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: Monitor the operating status of the PEM electrolyzer; When the load on the PEM electrolyzer is less than the preset load threshold, the preset second trigger condition is determined to be met. According to the preset maintenance rules, the PEM electrolyzer is shut down, and low-frequency AC power is input to the PEM electrolyzer for active electrical excitation using the power rectifier module; and the alkali circulation pump of the first ALK electrolyzer and / or the second ALK electrolyzer is turned on to absorb the Joule heat generated during the electrical excitation of the PEM electrolyzer.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: At preset time intervals, the number of start-ups and shutdowns, the plate corrosion rate of the first and second ALK electrolytic cells, and the number of voltage cycles and deep peak tuning duration of the PEM electrolytic cell are collected. Using a preset ALK degradation model, the remaining lifetime of the first ALK electrolytic cell and the remaining lifetime of the second ALK electrolytic cell are determined based on the number of start-ups and shutdowns and the plate corrosion rate of the first and second ALK electrolytic cells. Using a preset PEM degradation model, the remaining lifetime of the PEM electrolytic cell is determined based on the number of voltage cycles and the deep peak modulation duration. The remaining lifespan of the ALK electrolyzer is determined based on the remaining lifespan of the first ALK electrolyzer and the remaining lifespan of the second ALK electrolyzer. Based on the remaining lifespan of the ALK electrolyzer and the PEM electrolyzer, calculate the rate of decrease of the remaining lifespan of the ALK electrolyzer and the rate of decrease of the remaining lifespan of the PEM electrolyzer. Based on the rate of decrease in the remaining lifespan of the ALK electrolyzer and the rate of decrease in the remaining lifespan of the PEM electrolyzer, determine whether the preset third trigger condition is met. When the preset third trigger condition is met, according to the preset operation control rules, the specified high-frequency load is transferred from the load currently borne by the PEM electrolyzer to the second ALK electrolyzer.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, After transferring a specified load from the current load of the PEM electrolyzer to the second ALK electrolyzer according to preset operation control rules, the method further includes: Check whether the second ALK electrolytic cell matches the current load; When the second ALK electrolyzer is not matched with the current load, the specified deep peak-shaving load is transferred from the second ALK electrolyzer to the PEM electrolyzer.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: Obtain the variation characteristics of wind and solar power in the current time period; Based on the characteristics of wind and solar power changes in the current time period, the operating condition type for the current time period is determined; wherein, the operating condition type includes one of the following: gradual rise operating condition, steep rise and fall operating condition, deep peak shaving operating condition, and rapid fluctuation rise operating condition. Based on the current operating condition type and preset operation control rules, determine the matching target control mode; Based on the target control mode, the operation of the hybrid hydrogen production system is controlled for the current time period.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, When the operating condition type for the current time period is deep peak shaving, controlling the operation of the hybrid hydrogen production system based on the target control mode for the current time period includes: During the period of declining wind and solar power, the loads of the first ALK electrolyzer, the second ALK electrolyzer, and the PEM electrolyzer were reduced; and the operating status of the PEM electrolyzer was monitored. When the load on the PEM electrolyzer is less than the preset load threshold, determine whether the PEM electrolyzer needs maintenance. When it is determined that the PEM electrolyzer requires maintenance, according to the preset maintenance rules, the PEM electrolyzer is shut down, and low-frequency AC power is input to the PEM electrolyzer for active electrical excitation using the power rectifier module; and the alkali circulation pump of the first ALK electrolyzer and / or the second ALK electrolyzer is turned on to absorb the Joule heat generated during the electrical excitation of the PEM electrolyzer. During the recovery phase of wind and solar power, the PEM electrolyzer was restarted.

8. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, When the current operating condition is a rapidly fluctuating and rising condition, controlling the operation of the hybrid hydrogen production system for the current time period based on the target control mode includes: The loads of the first ALK electrolytic cell, the second ALK electrolytic cell, and the PEM electrolytic cell are dynamically adjusted based on the wind and solar power output; and the fluctuation rate of wind and solar power output is monitored. When the rate of change of wind and solar power exceeds the preset rate of change threshold, determine the remaining lifespan of the current ALK electrolyzer and the remaining lifespan of the current PEM electrolyzer. Based on the remaining lifespan of the current ALK electrolyzer and the current remaining lifespan of the current PEM electrolyzer, determine whether the preset third trigger condition is met. When the preset third trigger condition is met, the specified high-frequency load is transferred from the load currently borne by the PEM electrolyzer to the second ALK electrolyzer; and the heat generated by the operation of the second ALK electrolyzer is circulated through a short-circuit bypass to maintain the temperature stability of the second ALK electrolyzer.

9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hybrid hydrogen production system also includes a third ALK electrolyzer.

10. A scheduling and control device for an ALK-PEM hybrid hydrogen production system based on lifetime matching, characterized in that, An apparatus for use in a hybrid hydrogen production system, the hybrid hydrogen production system comprising at least: a PEM electrolyzer, a first ALK electrolyzer, and a second ALK electrolyzer; the PEM electrolyzer is connected to the second ALK electrolyzer via a heat exchange circuit, and the second ALK electrolyzer is connected to the first ALK electrolyzer via a gas-liquid separator; wherein the rated capacity of the first ALK electrolyzer is greater than that of the second ALK electrolyzer, the apparatus comprising: The first operating module is used to start and run the PEM electrolyzer according to the preset operating control rules when wind and solar power is received, so as to absorb the received wind and solar power; and to preheat the second ALK electrolyzer by using the waste heat generated by the PEM electrolyzer during operation through the heat exchange circuit. The monitoring module is used to monitor the temperature of the second ALK electrolytic cell and the temperature difference between the plates of the second ALK electrolytic cell. The second operation module is used to start and run the second ALK electrolytic cell according to the preset operation control rules when the temperature of the second ALK electrolytic cell is greater than the preset temperature threshold and the temperature difference between the plates of the second ALK electrolytic cell is less than or equal to the preset temperature difference threshold; and to reduce the load of the PEM electrolytic cell. The preheating module is used to preheat the first ALK electrolytic cell by using the circulating alkaline solution from the second ALK electrolytic cell through a gas-liquid separator when the second ALK electrolytic cell is running stably, so that the first ALK electrolytic cell is in a hot standby state.

11. An electronic device, characterized in that, It includes a processor and a memory for storing processor-executable instructions, wherein the processor, when executing the instructions, implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

12. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, It stores computer instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

13. A computer program product, characterized in that, It includes a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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