A virtual reality and non-invasive neuromodulation method for analgesia

Abstract

The application discloses a pain relief method combining virtual reality and non-invasive nerve regulation, and relates to the technical field of virtual reality, which comprises collecting resting-state electroencephalogram signals of a subject's anterior cingulate gyrus region to obtain baseline electroencephalogram data; setting initial parameters of time-interference electric stimulation according to the baseline electroencephalogram data, and performing three-dimensional scanning on the subject's pain site based on a depth camera to generate a three-dimensional body model; mapping the three-dimensional body model to a virtual reality environment, constructing a virtual avatar, and rendering a comforting intervention object in the pain area of the virtual avatar, and synchronously activating a temperature feedback device, a tactile actuator and a spatial audio device to form a multi-sensory immersive comforting scene; at the moment when the comforting intervention object completes spatial registration and is presented to the subject's main visual area for the first time, a time-interference electric stimulation signal is applied to the subject before the moment of the system marker according to a predicted coding time window.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of virtual reality technology, and in particular to a method for pain relief using virtual reality and non-invasive neuromodulation. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, virtual reality and non-invasive neuromodulation technologies have shown significant potential in the field of pain management. VR analgesia mainly activates endogenous analgesic pathways by diverting attention or creating comforting situations through immersive multi-sensory stimulation, while neuromodulation methods, represented by transcranial electrical stimulation, especially time-interference electrical stimulation, can achieve non-invasive and targeted modulation of neural activity in deep brain regions through high-frequency carrier electric fields.

[0003] VR content often uses generic virtual human models, which cannot be adapted to individual anatomical structures. This leads to a spatial misalignment between the comfort intervention subject and the real pain site, weakening the credibility of perception. There is a lack of temporal coordination between electrical stimulation and VR presentation, which is often applied synchronously or with a delay. This violates the neurodynamic principle in the predictive coding mechanism that prior prediction must precede sensory input, thus limiting the activation efficiency of top-down analgesic pathways. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the aforementioned existing problems, the present invention is proposed.

[0005] Therefore, this invention provides a virtual reality and non-invasive neuromodulation analgesia method to address the problem of spatial misalignment between the comfort intervention subject and the actual pain site due to the inability to adapt to individual anatomical structures, which weakens the credibility of perception. Furthermore, the lack of temporal coordination between electrical stimulation and VR presentation, which is often applied synchronously or with a delay, violates the neurodynamic principle in predictive coding mechanisms that prior prediction must precede sensory input, thus limiting the activation efficiency of top-down analgesia pathways.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for pain relief using virtual reality and non-invasive neuromodulation, comprising,

[0008] Resting-state EEG signals were collected from the anterior cingulate cortex region of the subjects to obtain baseline EEG data;

[0009] The initial parameters for time-interference electrical stimulation were set based on baseline EEG data, and a three-dimensional body model was generated by performing a three-dimensional scan of the subject's pain area using a depth camera.

[0010] A three-dimensional body model is mapped onto a virtual reality environment to construct a virtual avatar. The object of comfort intervention is rendered in the pain area of ​​the virtual avatar, and temperature feedback, tactile actuation and spatial audio devices are activated simultaneously to form a multi-sensory immersive comfort scene.

[0011] At the moment when the comfort intervention subject completes spatial registration and is first presented in the subject's main visual area, a time-interference electrical stimulation signal based on the baseline EEG data is applied before the system labeling moment, according to the predictive coding time window.

[0012] During the application of time-interference electrical stimulation signals, real-time EEG signals of the subjects were continuously collected, and the changes in the activation intensity of the anterior cingulate cortex were calculated by combining the baseline EEG data to obtain neural feedback indicators.

[0013] Based on neurofeedback indicators, the morphology of the comfort intervention subjects is adjusted, and the configuration of temperature feedback, tactile actuation and spatial audio devices, as well as the amplitude and frequency of temporal interference electrical stimulation, are adjusted to generate an updated intervention plan.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the virtual reality and non-invasive neuromodulation analgesia method of the present invention, the specific steps for acquiring resting-state EEG signals from the anterior cingulate cortex region of the subject to obtain baseline EEG data are as follows:

[0015] A multi-channel EEG acquisition system was used to record signals from the subject's head, continuously acquiring raw EEG signals while the subject was in a quiet, closed-eye state.

[0016] Dipole source components matching the anatomical location of the anterior cingulate cortex were isolated using independent component analysis (ICA). Bandpass filtering was applied to the dipole source component signals, and the power spectral densities in the 4–7 Hz and 8–12 Hz frequency bands were extracted. The ratio of these two densities was calculated to obtain the baseline EEG characteristic parameters. ;

[0017] Baseline EEG characteristics The expression is:

[0018] ;

[0019] in, As the baseline EEG characteristic parameters, The average power spectral density of the θ-band in the pre-coil region. This represents the average power spectral density of the α-band in the pre-cous band return region.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment of the virtual reality and non-invasive neuromodulation analgesia method of the present invention, the steps of setting initial parameters for time-interference electrical stimulation based on baseline EEG data and generating a three-dimensional body model by performing a three-dimensional scan of the subject's pain area using a depth camera are as follows:

[0021] The reference EEG feature parameters The input is fed into a nonlinear mapping model to calculate the initial current amplitude of the time-interference electrical stimulation. With initial envelope frequency ;

[0022] The initial current amplitude The mapping is performed using a saturated sigmoid function, expressed as:

[0023] ;

[0024] in, The initial current amplitude, This refers to the maximum allowable output current amplitude of the time-interference electrical stimulation device. This is the steepness adjustment factor for the sigmoid function. This is the median reference threshold obtained from clinical observation. Used as the baseline EEG characteristic parameters;

[0025] Initial envelope frequency The mapping is performed using a logarithmic compression function, expressed as:

[0026] ;

[0027] in, The effective lower limit frequency of the low-frequency envelope of time-interference electrical stimulation. This is the safe upper limit frequency for the low-frequency envelope of time-interference electrical stimulation. This is the frequency scaling constant. To prevent the logarithmic function from The small positive quantity introduced by the divergence when approaching zero.

[0028] As a preferred embodiment of the virtual reality and non-invasive neuromodulation analgesia method of the present invention, the steps of mapping a three-dimensional body model onto a virtual reality environment to construct a virtual avatar, rendering a comfort intervention object in the pain area of ​​the virtual avatar, and simultaneously activating temperature feedback, tactile actuation, and spatial audio devices to form a multi-sensory immersive comfort scene are as follows:

[0029] Import the 3D body model into the virtual reality rendering engine and construct a tree-like skeletal structure containing multiple joints based on human anatomy standards;

[0030] The 3D body model is voxelized, and the steady-state heat conduction equation is solved in voxel space, with each bone node as a heat source. The expression is:

[0031] ;

[0032] in, For gradient operators, Represents the vector dot product. This is a location-dependent thermal conductivity function. For the first Root skeletal nodes as constant-temperature heat sources in spatial location The steady-state temperature field generated at that location, Let be the coordinates of any position in space;

[0033] Get the first Temperature field distribution corresponding to root bones For each vertex of the 3D body model According to its spatial location Query the temperature field values ​​of each bone to obtain the original influence weights. The original weights of all bones are normalized to obtain the skinning weights, expressed as follows:

[0034] ;

[0035] in, For the third in the three-dimensional body model The vertex is affected by the first Normalized skin weights influenced by root skeleton For the vertex to be affected by the first The original weight values ​​of the influence of the root skeleton. This represents the total number of bones in the virtual skeletal structure. For the first The vertex is affected by the first The original weight values ​​of the influence of the root skeleton;

[0036] Based on the coordinates of the pain area marked in the 3D body model, a comfort intervention object that fits the curved surface is rendered at the corresponding anatomical location of the virtual avatar and given visual attributes.

[0037] As a preferred embodiment of the virtual reality and non-invasive neuromodulation analgesia method of the present invention, wherein: at the system-marked moment when the comfort intervention subject completes spatial registration and is first presented in the subject's dominant visual area, according to the predictive coding time window, a time-interference electrical stimulation signal based on the reference EEG data is applied before the system-marked moment, the specific steps are as follows:

[0038] When the virtual reality rendering engine detects that the center point of the comfort intervention subject is located within the subject's main visual cone and the angle between the surface normal vector and the line of sight is less than a preset threshold, it determines that spatial registration is complete and records the frame time as the system's marked moment. ;

[0039] System-marked time Based on the baseline, the forward backtracking time offset ,exist The time-shifted electrical stimulation signal output is activated at any time. satisfy ,and and These correspond to the lower and upper limits of the effective time window for enhancing neural responses in the predictive coding mechanism, respectively.

[0040] As a preferred embodiment of the virtual reality and non-invasive neuromodulation analgesia method of the present invention, wherein: during the application of the time-interference electrical stimulation signal, the subject's real-time EEG signals are continuously collected, and the changes in the activation intensity of the anterior cingulate cortex are calculated in combination with the baseline EEG data to obtain neural feedback indicators, the specific steps are as follows:

[0041] During the application of time-interference electrical stimulation, the subjects' electroencephalogram (EEG) signals were continuously collected at fixed time windows. The theta band power of the front clenched return signal is estimated to obtain the real-time power value. ;

[0042] Real-time power value Compared with reference power After normalization, a dynamic deviation function is constructed, with the following expression:

[0043] ;

[0044] in, For dynamic deviation function, To be at time during the application of time-interference electrical stimulation Real-time calculated anterior clitoral loop region Average power spectral density of the frequency band for Average power spectral density of the frequency band;

[0045] To suppress instantaneous fluctuations caused by motion artifacts, an exponentially decaying weight based on the rate of change is introduced into the deviation function, and the result is integrated within a sliding time window to obtain the neural feedback index. The expression is:

[0046] ;

[0047] in, As a neurofeedback indicator, The integration time window length is used to balance response sensitivity and noise robustness. To smooth the attenuation coefficient and control the sensitivity to power change rate, It is an integral dummy variable.

[0048] As a preferred embodiment of the virtual reality and non-invasive neuromodulation analgesia method described in this invention, the steps of adjusting the morphology of the comfort intervention subject based on neurofeedback indicators, and adjusting the configuration of temperature feedback, tactile actuation and spatial audio devices, and the amplitude and frequency of temporal interference electrical stimulation to generate an updated intervention plan are as follows:

[0049] The neural feedback bias is calculated using the following expression:

[0050] ;

[0051] in, The low response error represents the degree of positive bias when the neural feedback metric falls below the lower threshold. The high response error represents the degree of positive bias when the neural feedback metric exceeds the upper threshold. The preset lower threshold of the neurofeedback index, The upper limit threshold of the preset neural feedback index, The neural feedback index calculated at the current moment;

[0052] when When the condition is determined to be insufficient comfort response, an enhanced intervention is implemented, expressed as:

[0053] ;

[0054] in, The adjustment amount is to the area ratio of the intervention subjects. This is the gain coefficient for visual morphology modulation. To minimize response error, This is the adjustment amount for the temperature feedback target value. The gain coefficient is adjusted based on temperature feedback.

[0055] when If the condition is deemed excessive inhibition, a weakening intervention will be implemented:

[0056] ;

[0057] in, The adjustment amount is to the area ratio of the intervention subjects. This is the gain coefficient for visual morphology modulation. For high response error, This is the adjustment amount for the temperature feedback target value. The gain coefficient is adjusted based on temperature feedback.

[0058] when At this time, the current parameters remain unchanged.

[0059] As a preferred embodiment of the virtual reality and non-invasive neuromodulation analgesia method described in this invention, the specific steps for generating and updating the intervention plan are as follows:

[0060] The adjusted geometric parameters of the comfort intervention subjects, target temperature feedback values, tactile vibration parameters, spatial audio azimuth and sound pressure level, and updated temporal interference electrical stimulation amplitude were used. With frequency Structured coding is performed to develop updated intervention plans;

[0061] The updated intervention protocol is written to the intervention log and used to drive the initialization of the next analgesia cycle;

[0062] The system is based on historical intervention protocols and corresponding neurofeedback indicator sequences. Constructing a personalized analgesic response surface It is used to predict the future effects of interventions, and its fitting uses radial basis function interpolation, expressed as:

[0063] ;

[0064] in, For individualized analgesic response surfaces, For current or recent neurofeedback indicators, The number of historically effective intervention samples. For the first The weight coefficients of each sample, The width parameter of the radial basis functions. and The first The baseline EEG characteristics and average neurofeedback indices of the intervention.

[0065] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a computer device including a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, wherein: when the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements any step of the virtual reality and non-invasive neuromodulation analgesia method as described in the first aspect of the present invention.

[0066] Thirdly, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein: when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements any step of the virtual reality and non-invasive neuromodulation analgesia method as described in the first aspect of the present invention.

[0067] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By collecting resting-state EEG signals from the anterior cingulate cortex and calculating the power ratio, the EEG characteristics are input into a nonlinear mapping model to set the initial amplitude and frequency of time-interference electrical stimulation. At the same time, a three-dimensional body model of the subject's pain site is generated using a depth camera, realizing personalized synchronous initialization of the three elements: neural state, electrical stimulation parameters, and anatomical space. This ensures that the stimulation is safe and effective and that the virtual presentation of the anatomy is accurate. By automatically binding the weights of bones and skin based on the heat conduction equation, a naturally deformable individualized virtual avatar is constructed. Visual comfort objects are rendered in the corresponding pain area, and temperature, tactile, and spatial audio devices are activated simultaneously to form a multi-sensory semantically consistent immersive scene, enhancing the brain's predictive credibility of pain relief and amplifying the placebo effect. Attached Figure Description

[0068] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the following description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0069] Figure 1 A flowchart for analgesia using virtual reality and non-invasive neuromodulation. Detailed Implementation

[0070] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0071] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0072] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a single or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0073] Reference Figure 1 As one embodiment of the present invention, this embodiment provides a method for pain relief using virtual reality and non-invasive neuromodulation, comprising the following steps:

[0074] S1. Collect resting-state EEG signals from the anterior cingulate cortex region of the subject to obtain baseline EEG data.

[0075] Furthermore, a multi-channel EEG acquisition system was used to record signals from the subject's head, continuously acquiring raw EEG signals while the subject was in a quiet, closed-eye state.

[0076] Dipole source components matching the anatomical location of the anterior cingulate cortex were isolated using independent component analysis (ICA). Bandpass filtering was applied to the dipole source component signals, and the power spectral densities in the 4–7 Hz and 8–12 Hz frequency bands were extracted. The ratio of these two densities was calculated to obtain the baseline EEG characteristic parameters. ;

[0077] Baseline EEG characteristics The expression is:

[0078] ;

[0079] in, As the baseline EEG characteristic parameters, The average power spectral density of the θ-band in the pre-coil region. This represents the average power spectral density of the α-band in the pre-cous band return region.

[0080] It should be noted that by extracting the power ratio of the anterior cingulate cortex θ to α bands, an individualized resting-state neural activity benchmark was constructed, which effectively overcame the bias of subjective pain assessment and provided an objective and quantifiable physiological basis for subsequent precise regulation.

[0081] S2. Set the initial parameters for time-interference electrical stimulation based on the baseline EEG data, and generate a three-dimensional body model by performing a three-dimensional scan of the subject's pain area using a depth camera.

[0082] Furthermore, the reference EEG characteristic parameters The input is fed into a nonlinear mapping model to calculate the initial current amplitude of the time-interference electrical stimulation. With initial envelope frequency ;

[0083] The initial current amplitude The mapping is performed using a saturated sigmoid function, expressed as:

[0084] ;

[0085] in, The initial current amplitude, This refers to the maximum allowable output current amplitude of the time-interference electrical stimulation device. This is the steepness adjustment factor for the sigmoid function. This is the median reference threshold obtained from clinical observation. Used as the baseline EEG characteristic parameters;

[0086] Initial envelope frequency The mapping is performed using a logarithmic compression function, expressed as:

[0087] ;

[0088] in, The effective lower limit frequency of the low-frequency envelope of time-interference electrical stimulation. This is the safe upper limit frequency for the low-frequency envelope of time-interference electrical stimulation. This is the frequency scaling constant. To prevent the logarithmic function from The small positive quantity introduced by the divergence when approaching zero.

[0089] It should be noted that by converting EEG characteristic parameters into initial electrical stimulation parameters within a safe range and simultaneously generating an individualized three-dimensional body model, dual personalization of neural modulation intensity and spatial positioning is achieved, thereby improving the targeting and comfort of the intervention.

[0090] S3. Map the three-dimensional body model onto the virtual reality environment to construct a virtual avatar, and render the comfort intervention object in the pain area of ​​the virtual avatar. Simultaneously activate temperature feedback, tactile actuation and spatial audio devices to form a multi-sensory immersive comfort scene.

[0091] Furthermore, the three-dimensional body model is imported into the virtual reality rendering engine, and a tree-like skeletal structure containing multiple joints is constructed based on human anatomical standards.

[0092] The 3D body model is voxelized, and the steady-state heat conduction equation is solved in voxel space, with each bone node as a heat source. The expression is:

[0093] ;

[0094] in, For gradient operators, Represents the vector dot product. This is a location-dependent thermal conductivity function. For the first Root skeletal nodes as constant-temperature heat sources in spatial location The steady-state temperature field generated at that location, Let be the coordinates of any position in space;

[0095] Get the first Temperature field distribution corresponding to root bones For each vertex of the 3D body model According to its spatial location Query the temperature field values ​​of each bone to obtain the original influence weights. The original weights of all bones are normalized to obtain the skinning weights, expressed as follows:

[0096] ;

[0097] in, For the third in the three-dimensional body model The vertex is affected by the first Normalized skin weights influenced by root skeleton For the vertex to be affected by the first The original weight values ​​of the influence of the root skeleton. This represents the total number of bones in the virtual skeletal structure. For the first The vertex is affected by the first The original weight values ​​of the influence of the root skeleton;

[0098] Based on the coordinates of the pain area marked in the 3D body model, a comfort intervention object that fits the curved surface is rendered at the corresponding anatomical location of the virtual avatar and given visual attributes.

[0099] It should be noted that by using an automatic skinning weight calculation method based on the heat conduction equation, the natural driving of virtual avatars of any body shape can be achieved without human intervention, and comfort objects are rendered in anatomically consistent positions. Combined with multi-sensory feedback, a highly credible immersive analgesia scene is created.

[0100] S4. At the moment when the comfort intervention subject completes spatial registration and is first presented in the subject's main visual area, a time-interference electrical stimulation signal based on the baseline EEG data is applied before the system labeling moment, according to the predictive coding time window.

[0101] Furthermore, when the virtual reality rendering engine detects that the center point of the comfort intervention subject is located within the subject's main visual cone and the angle between the surface normal vector and the line of sight is less than a preset threshold, it determines that spatial registration is complete and records the frame time as the system's marked moment. ;

[0102] System-marked time Based on the baseline, the forward backtracking time offset ,exist The time-shifted electrical stimulation signal output is activated at any time. satisfy ,and and These correspond to the lower and upper limits of the effective time window for enhancing neural responses in the predictive coding mechanism, respectively.

[0103] 6. The analgesia method using virtual reality and non-invasive neuromodulation as described in claim 5, characterized in that: during the application of the time-interference electrical stimulation signal, real-time EEG signals of the subject are continuously collected, and the change in activation intensity of the anterior cingulate cortex is calculated in combination with baseline EEG data to obtain neural feedback indicators; the specific steps are as follows:

[0104] During the application of time-interference electrical stimulation, the subjects' electroencephalogram (EEG) signals were continuously collected at fixed time windows. The theta band power of the front clenched return signal is estimated to obtain the real-time power value. ;

[0105] Real-time power value Compared with reference power After normalization, a dynamic deviation function is constructed, with the following expression:

[0106] ;

[0107] in, For dynamic deviation function, To be at time during the application of time-interference electrical stimulation Real-time calculated anterior clitoral loop region Average power spectral density of the frequency band for Average power spectral density of the frequency band;

[0108] To suppress instantaneous fluctuations caused by motion artifacts, an exponentially decaying weight based on the rate of change is introduced into the deviation function, and the result is integrated within a sliding time window to obtain the neural feedback index. The expression is:

[0109] ;

[0110] in, As a neurofeedback indicator, The integration time window length is used to balance response sensitivity and noise robustness. To smooth the attenuation coefficient and control the sensitivity to power change rate, It is an integral dummy variable.

[0111] It should be noted that, according to predictive coding theory, applying electrical stimulation in advance within the critical time window before the visual comfort signal is perceived allows the neural modulation and the brain's expectation mechanism to be precisely aligned in time, resulting in a synergistic enhancement of the comfort effect and neural plasticity.

[0112] S5. During the application of time-interference electrical stimulation signals, the subject's real-time EEG signals are continuously collected, and the changes in the activation intensity of the anterior cingulate cortex are calculated in combination with the baseline EEG data to obtain neural feedback indicators.

[0113] Furthermore, during the application of time-interference electrical stimulation, the subjects' electroencephalogram (EEG) signals were continuously acquired at fixed time windows. The theta band power of the front clenched return signal is estimated to obtain the real-time power value. ;

[0114] Real-time power value Compared with reference power After normalization, a dynamic deviation function is constructed, with the following expression:

[0115] ;

[0116] in, For dynamic deviation function, To be at time during the application of time-interference electrical stimulation Real-time calculated anterior clitoral loop region Average power spectral density of the frequency band for Average power spectral density of the frequency band;

[0117] To suppress instantaneous fluctuations caused by motion artifacts, an exponentially decaying weight based on the rate of change is introduced into the deviation function, and the result is integrated within a sliding time window to obtain the neural feedback index. The expression is:

[0118] ;

[0119] in, As a neurofeedback indicator, The integration time window length is used to balance response sensitivity and noise robustness. To smooth the attenuation coefficient and control the sensitivity to power change rate, It is an integral dummy variable.

[0120] It should be noted that by introducing a rate-of-change-weighted sliding integral strategy, transient disturbances such as motion artifacts can be effectively suppressed, and a stable neural feedback index reflecting the activation trend of the anterior cingulate cortex can be obtained, providing a highly robust input for closed-loop regulation and avoiding the risk of misregulation.

[0121] S6. Adjust the morphology of the comfort intervention subject based on neurofeedback indicators, and adjust the configuration of temperature feedback, tactile actuation and spatial audio devices, as well as the amplitude and frequency of time-interference electrical stimulation, to generate an updated intervention plan.

[0122] Furthermore, the neural feedback bias is calculated, expressed as:

[0123] ;

[0124] in, The low response error represents the degree of positive bias when the neural feedback metric falls below the lower threshold. The high response error represents the degree of positive bias when the neural feedback metric exceeds the upper threshold. The preset lower threshold of the neurofeedback index, The upper limit threshold of the preset neural feedback index, The neural feedback index calculated at the current moment;

[0125] when When the condition is determined to be insufficient comfort response, an enhanced intervention is implemented, expressed as:

[0126] ;

[0127] in, The adjustment amount is to the area ratio of the intervention subjects. This is the gain coefficient for visual morphology modulation. To minimize response error, This is the adjustment amount for the temperature feedback target value. The gain coefficient is adjusted based on temperature feedback.

[0128] when If the condition is deemed excessive inhibition, a weakening intervention will be implemented:

[0129] ;

[0130] in, The adjustment amount is to the area ratio of the intervention subjects. This is the gain coefficient for visual morphology modulation. For high response error, This is the adjustment amount for the temperature feedback target value. The gain coefficient is adjusted based on temperature feedback.

[0131] when At this time, keep the current parameters unchanged;

[0132] The adjusted geometric parameters of the comfort intervention subjects, target temperature feedback values, tactile vibration parameters, spatial audio azimuth and sound pressure level, and updated temporal interference electrical stimulation amplitude were used. With frequency Structured coding is performed to develop updated intervention plans;

[0133] The updated intervention protocol is written to the intervention log and used to drive the initialization of the next analgesia cycle;

[0134] The system is based on historical intervention protocols and corresponding neurofeedback indicator sequences. Constructing a personalized analgesic response surface It is used to predict the future effects of interventions, and its fitting uses radial basis function interpolation, expressed as:

[0135] ;

[0136] in, For individualized analgesic response surfaces, For current or recent neurofeedback indicators, The number of historically effective intervention samples. For the first The weight coefficients of each sample, The width parameter of the radial basis functions. and The first The baseline EEG characteristics and average neurofeedback indices of the intervention.

[0137] It should be noted that the collaborative adaptive adjustment of multimodal parameters based on the dual threshold mechanism, and the support for the evolution of long-term intervention strategies by constructing an individualized analgesic response surface, not only improve the effect of single analgesia, but also promote the accumulation of efficacy and personalized optimization in chronic pain management.

[0138] This embodiment also provides a computer device suitable for the use of virtual reality and non-invasive neuromodulation analgesia methods, including: a memory and a processor; the memory is used to store computer-executable instructions, and the processor is used to execute the computer-executable instructions to realize the virtual reality and non-invasive neuromodulation analgesia method as proposed in the above embodiment.

[0139] The computer device can be a terminal, comprising a processor, memory, communication interface, display screen, and input devices connected via a system bus. The processor provides computing and control capabilities. The memory includes non-volatile storage media and internal memory. The non-volatile storage media stores the operating system and computer programs. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and computer programs stored in the non-volatile storage media. The communication interface is used for wired or wireless communication with external terminals; wireless communication can be achieved through Wi-Fi, carrier networks, NFC (Near Field Communication), or other technologies. The display screen can be an LCD screen or an e-ink screen. The input devices can be a touch layer covering the display screen, buttons, a trackball, or a touchpad on the computer device's casing, or an external keyboard, touchpad, or mouse.

[0140] This embodiment also provides a storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the analgesia method for realizing virtual reality and non-invasive neuromodulation as proposed in the above embodiments. The storage medium can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM), Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EPROM), Programmable Red-Only Memory (PROM), Read-Only Memory (ROM), magnetic storage, flash memory, magnetic disk, or optical disk.

[0141] In summary, this invention collects resting-state EEG signals from the anterior cingulate cortex and calculates the power ratio. The EEG characteristics are then input into a nonlinear mapping model to set the initial amplitude and frequency of time-interference electrical stimulation. Simultaneously, a depth camera generates a three-dimensional body model of the subject's pain location. This achieves personalized synchronous initialization of neural state, electrical stimulation parameters, and anatomical space, ensuring safe and effective stimulation with accurate virtual anatomical representation. By automatically binding bone and skin weights based on the heat conduction equation, a naturally deformable individualized virtual avatar is constructed. Visual comfort objects are rendered in the corresponding pain area, and temperature, tactile, and spatial audio devices are simultaneously activated, forming a multi-sensory semantically consistent immersive scene. This enhances the brain's predictive credibility for pain relief and amplifies the placebo effect.

[0142] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications and substitutions should be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for pain relief using virtual reality and non-invasive neuromodulation, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Resting-state EEG signals were collected from the anterior cingulate cortex region of the subjects to obtain baseline EEG data; The initial parameters for time-interference electrical stimulation were set based on baseline EEG data, and a three-dimensional body model was generated by performing a three-dimensional scan of the subject's pain area using a depth camera. A three-dimensional body model is mapped onto a virtual reality environment to construct a virtual avatar. The object of comfort intervention is rendered in the pain area of ​​the virtual avatar, and temperature feedback, tactile actuation and spatial audio devices are activated simultaneously to form a multi-sensory immersive comfort scene. At the moment when the comfort intervention subject completes spatial registration and is first presented in the subject's main visual area, a time-interference electrical stimulation signal based on the baseline EEG data is applied before the system labeling moment, according to the predictive coding time window. During the application of time-interference electrical stimulation signals, real-time EEG signals of the subjects were continuously collected, and the changes in the activation intensity of the anterior cingulate cortex were calculated by combining the baseline EEG data to obtain neural feedback indicators. Based on neurofeedback indicators, the morphology of the comfort intervention subjects is adjusted, and the configuration of temperature feedback, tactile actuation and spatial audio devices, as well as the amplitude and frequency of temporal interference electrical stimulation, are adjusted to generate an updated intervention plan.

2. The analgesia method based on virtual reality and non-invasive neuromodulation as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps for collecting resting-state EEG signals from the anterior cingulate cortex region of the subject to obtain baseline EEG data are as follows: A multi-channel EEG acquisition system was used to record signals from the subject's head, continuously acquiring raw EEG signals while the subject was in a quiet, closed-eye state. Dipole source components matching the anatomical location of the anterior cingulate cortex were isolated using independent component analysis (ICA). Bandpass filtering was applied to the dipole source component signals, and the power spectral densities in the 4–7 Hz and 8–12 Hz frequency bands were extracted. The ratio of these two densities was calculated to obtain the baseline EEG characteristic parameters. ; Baseline EEG characteristics The expression is: ; in, As the baseline EEG characteristic parameters, The average power spectral density of the θ-band in the pre-coil region. This represents the average power spectral density of the α-band in the pre-cous band return region.

3. The analgesia method based on virtual reality and non-invasive neuromodulation as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The initial parameters for time-interference electrical stimulation are set based on baseline EEG data, and a three-dimensional body model is generated by performing a three-dimensional scan of the subject's pain area using a depth camera. The specific steps are as follows: The reference EEG feature parameters The input is fed into a nonlinear mapping model to calculate the initial current amplitude of the time-interference electrical stimulation. With initial envelope frequency ; The initial current amplitude The mapping is performed using a saturated sigmoid function, expressed as: ; in, The initial current amplitude, This refers to the maximum allowable output current amplitude of the time-interference electrical stimulation device. This is the steepness adjustment factor for the sigmoid function. This is the median reference threshold obtained from clinical observation. Used as the baseline EEG characteristic parameters; Initial envelope frequency The mapping is performed using a logarithmic compression function, expressed as: ; in, The effective lower limit frequency of the low-frequency envelope of time-interference electrical stimulation. This is the safe upper limit frequency for the low-frequency envelope of time-interference electrical stimulation. This is the frequency scaling constant. To prevent the logarithmic function from The small positive quantity introduced by the divergence when approaching zero.

4. The analgesia method based on virtual reality and non-invasive neuromodulation as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The process involves mapping a 3D body model onto a virtual reality environment to construct a virtual avatar, rendering a comfort intervention object in the pain area of ​​the virtual avatar, and simultaneously activating temperature feedback, tactile actuation, and spatial audio devices to create a multi-sensory immersive comfort scene. The specific steps are as follows: Import the 3D body model into the virtual reality rendering engine and construct a tree-like skeletal structure containing multiple joints based on human anatomy standards; The 3D body model is voxelized, and the steady-state heat conduction equation is solved in voxel space, with each bone node as a heat source. The expression is: ; in, For gradient operators, Represents the vector dot product. This is a location-dependent thermal conductivity function. For the first Root skeletal nodes as constant-temperature heat sources in spatial location The steady-state temperature field generated at that location, Let be the coordinates of any position in space; Get the first Temperature field distribution corresponding to root bones For each vertex of the 3D body model According to its spatial location Query the temperature field values ​​of each bone to obtain the original influence weights. The original weights of all bones are normalized to obtain the skinning weights, expressed as follows: ; in, For the third in the three-dimensional body model The vertex is affected by the first Normalized skin weights influenced by root skeleton For the vertex to be affected by the first The original weight values ​​of the influence of the root skeleton. This represents the total number of bones in the virtual skeletal structure. For the first The vertex is affected by the first The original weight values ​​of the influence of the root skeleton; Based on the coordinates of the pain area marked in the 3D body model, a comfort intervention object that fits the curved surface is rendered at the corresponding anatomical location of the virtual avatar and given visual attributes.

5. The analgesic method based on virtual reality and non-invasive neuromodulation as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The specific steps are as follows: At the moment when the comfort intervention subject completes spatial registration and is first presented in the subject's dominant visual area, according to the predictive coding time window, a time-interference electrical stimulation signal based on the baseline EEG data is applied before the system labeling moment. When the virtual reality rendering engine detects that the center point of the comfort intervention subject is located within the subject's main visual cone and the angle between the surface normal vector and the line of sight is less than a preset threshold, it determines that spatial registration is complete and records the frame time as the system's marked moment. ; System-marked time Based on the baseline, the forward backtracking time offset ,exist The time-shifted electrical stimulation signal output is activated at any time. satisfy ,and and These correspond to the lower and upper limits of the effective time window for enhancing neural responses in the predictive coding mechanism, respectively.

6. The analgesia method based on virtual reality and non-invasive neuromodulation as described in claim 5, characterized in that: During the application of time-interference electrical stimulation signals, real-time EEG signals of the subject are continuously collected. The changes in the activation intensity of the anterior cingulate cortex are calculated by combining the baseline EEG data to obtain neural feedback indicators. The specific steps are as follows: During the application of time-interference electrical stimulation, the subjects' electroencephalogram (EEG) signals were continuously collected at fixed time windows. The theta band power of the front clenched return signal is estimated to obtain the real-time power value. ; Real-time power value Compared with reference power After normalization, a dynamic deviation function is constructed, with the following expression: ; in, For dynamic deviation function, To be at time during the application of time-interference electrical stimulation Real-time calculated anterior clitoral loop region Average power spectral density of the frequency band for Average power spectral density of the frequency band; To suppress instantaneous fluctuations caused by motion artifacts, an exponentially decaying weight based on the rate of change is introduced into the deviation function, and the result is integrated within a sliding time window to obtain the neural feedback index. The expression is: ; in, As a neurofeedback indicator, The integration time window length is used to balance response sensitivity and noise robustness. To smooth the attenuation coefficient and control the sensitivity to power change rate, It is an integral dummy variable.

7. The analgesia method based on virtual reality and non-invasive neuromodulation as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The steps for adjusting the morphology of the comfort intervention subject based on neurofeedback indicators, and adjusting the configuration of temperature feedback, tactile actuation and spatial audio devices, as well as the amplitude and frequency of temporal interference electrical stimulation, to generate an updated intervention plan are as follows: The neural feedback bias is calculated using the following expression: ; in, The low response error represents the degree of positive bias when the neural feedback metric falls below the lower threshold. The high response error represents the degree of positive bias when the neural feedback metric exceeds the upper threshold. The preset lower threshold of the neurofeedback index, The upper limit threshold of the preset neural feedback index, The neural feedback index calculated at the current moment; when When the condition is determined to be insufficient comfort response, an enhanced intervention is implemented, expressed as: ; in, The adjustment amount is for the area ratio of the intervention subjects to provide comfort. This is the gain coefficient for visual morphology modulation. To minimize response error, This is the adjustment amount for the temperature feedback target value. The gain coefficient is adjusted based on temperature feedback. when If the condition is deemed excessive inhibition, a weakening intervention will be implemented: ; in, The adjustment amount is for the area ratio of the intervention subjects to provide comfort. This is the gain coefficient for visual morphology modulation. For high response error, This is the adjustment amount for the temperature feedback target value. The gain coefficient is adjusted based on temperature feedback. when At this time, the current parameters remain unchanged.

8. The analgesic method based on virtual reality and non-invasive neuromodulation as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The specific steps for generating the updated intervention plan are as follows: The adjusted geometric parameters of the comfort intervention subjects, target temperature feedback values, tactile vibration parameters, spatial audio azimuth and sound pressure level, and updated temporal interference electrical stimulation amplitude were used. With frequency Structured coding is performed to develop updated intervention plans; The updated intervention protocol is written to the intervention log and used to drive the initialization of the next analgesia cycle; The system is based on historical intervention protocols and corresponding neurofeedback indicator sequences. Constructing a personalized analgesic response surface It is used to predict the future effects of interventions, and its fitting uses radial basis function interpolation, expressed as: ; in, For individualized analgesic response surfaces, For current or recent neurofeedback indicators, The number of historically effective intervention samples. For the first The weight coefficients of each sample, The width parameter of the radial basis functions. and The first The baseline EEG characteristics and average neurofeedback indices of the intervention.

9. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, characterized in that: When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the virtual reality and non-invasive neuromodulation analgesia method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the virtual reality and non-invasive neuromodulation analgesia method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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