Method for measuring axial play of a paired tapered roller bearing

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of bearing measurement, in particular to a kind of matching conical roller bearing axial play measuring method, comprising the following steps: step one, initial measurement preparation;Step two, preliminary play measurement;Step three, self-locking amount measurement, separately place upper bearing in measurement state, under the same axial load, respectively measure its positive assembly attitude under assembly height T1 With assembly height T0 Under reverse assembly attitude, calculate self-locking amount δT=T1-T0;Step four, actual play calculation, according to formula δA=δA'+δT Calculation, obtain bearing actual axial play δA.The present application eliminates the numerical distortion caused by inverted measurement through self-locking amount compensation, significantly improves the measurement accuracy, and is simple and easy to operate, without special equipment, suitable for on-site rapid batch detection, and gives consideration to accuracy and practicality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bearing measurement technology, specifically a method for measuring the axial clearance of paired tapered roller bearings. Background Technology

[0002] Matched tapered roller bearings are core components widely used in equipment manufacturing and precision transmission fields. Axial clearance is a key technical indicator that directly affects the bearing's assembly accuracy, service life, and reliability. During the assembly, factory inspection, and on-site acceptance of matched tapered roller bearings, it is essential to quickly and accurately measure the axial clearance to ensure product quality and the stability of subsequent equipment operation.

[0003] In the prior art, there are already clearance measuring devices for multi-row tapered roller bearings, such as the axial clearance measuring device for four-row tapered roller bearings disclosed in patent number CN207923098U. This device uses an adjustment mechanism, a clamping mechanism, a loading mechanism, and multiple sets of displacement sensors to treat the four-row bearings as three sets of double-row bearings for measurement. However, such devices are complex in structure, costly, and require specialized equipment. They are only suitable for multi-row bearing testing and cannot meet the needs of simple, fast, and low-cost measurement of paired tapered roller bearings on the production site.

[0004] The commonly used simple on-site measurement methods in the industry are as follows: like Figure 1 As shown, assemble the upper bearing, lower bearing, inner spacer, and outer spacer. Apply an axial load to the upper bearing and align the measuring instrument probe with the center of the upper plane of the load component. Slowly rotate the outer ring of the bearing several times to ensure that the inner rings of the upper and lower bearings are in close contact with the end faces of the spacers and that the large end face of the rolling element of the lower bearing is in complete contact with the inner ring flange. After zeroing the dial indicator, remove it from the measuring assembly.

[0005] like Figure 2 As shown, remove the inner spacer and measure again with the same axial load, keeping the dial indicator probe in the same position to eliminate the influence of end face runout; rotate the lower bearing outer ring and load components several times to make the large end face of the rolling element completely fit with the inner ring flange, record the dial indicator reading and use it as the axial clearance measurement result.

[0006] However, this method has obvious defects: in the subsequent measurement steps, the upper bearing is in an inverted state with the outer ring below and the inner component above. The conical structure of the inner component is prone to self-locking, which causes the rolling elements and the inner ring flange to not fit completely. The measured bearing assembly width is greater than the actual value, and the final clearance measurement result is distorted and has a large error. It cannot truly reflect the actual axial clearance of the bearing, which has an adverse effect on the bearing quality inspection and subsequent use.

[0007] In addition, there is a standard measurement method in the existing technology, such as Figure 3As shown, the design calculation formula for its axial clearance is: The height difference between the upper and lower bearings and the inner and outer spacers is measured separately, and their sum is the standard axial clearance. However, this standard measurement method is relatively complicated to operate and has certain inconveniences in rapid measurement in actual production sites.

[0008] Based on this, the present invention proposes a method for measuring the axial clearance of paired tapered roller bearings to solve the problems of insufficient accuracy, distorted results, and inconvenient operation of existing measurement methods. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for measuring the axial clearance of paired tapered roller bearings, in order to solve the technical problems of existing dedicated measuring devices having complex structures and narrow applicability, conventional simple measuring methods having distorted measurement results and large errors due to bearing self-locking, and standard measuring methods being cumbersome to operate and unable to balance measurement accuracy and on-site rapid testing efficiency.

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for measuring the axial clearance of paired tapered roller bearings, comprising the following steps: Step 1, initial measurement preparation, assembling a measuring assembly consisting of a T-shaped loading head, an upper bearing, an inner spacer, an outer spacer, and a lower bearing according to the conventional assembly relationship of paired bearings; applying a constant axial load to the upper bearing through the T-shaped loading head, placing the measuring assembly at the measuring position on the measuring platform, aligning the dial indicator probe with the center of the plane on the T-shaped loading head; rotating the outer ring of the upper bearing, so that the inner rings of the upper and lower bearings are tightly fitted with the end faces of the inner spacer, and the large end faces of the rolling elements of the lower bearing are completely fitted with the inner ring flange; and removing the dial indicator from the measuring assembly after zeroing it. Step 2, preliminary clearance measurement: Remove the inner spacer, keep the axial load constant, and place the measuring assembly back in the measuring position, so that the dial indicator probe is still aligned with the center of the plane of the T-shaped loading head; rotate the outer ring of the lower bearing and the T-shaped loading head so that the large end face of the rolling element of the lower bearing is completely in contact with the inner ring flange, and record the dial indicator reading as the preliminary clearance value δA'. Step 3, self-locking measurement: Place the upper bearing separately in the measurement state, and measure its assembly height T1 in the forward assembly posture and its assembly height T0 in the reverse assembly posture under the same axial load. Calculate the self-locking amount δT = T1 - T0. Step 4: Calculate the actual clearance using the formula δA = δA' + δT to obtain the actual axial clearance δA of the bearing.

[0011] Furthermore, the magnitude of the axial load applied in step one and step two remains constant.

[0012] Furthermore, in step three, the forward and reverse assembly height measurements are performed using the same load, the same dial indicator, and the same measurement reference.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: This invention employs a comprehensive scheme involving constant axial load application, zeroing the reference, preliminary clearance measurement, and self-locking compensation calculation. It eliminates the need for complex clamping mechanisms, loading cylinders, and multiple sensors, enabling rapid detection of axial clearance in paired tapered roller bearings. The overall operation is simple and cost-effective, making it suitable for mass production. Furthermore, by separately measuring the forward and reverse assembly heights of the upper bearing to obtain the self-locking amount and performing error compensation, it fundamentally eliminates the numerical distortion caused by roller self-locking in inverted measurement conditions, significantly improving measurement accuracy and ensuring reliable results. Compared to the complex structure and limited applicability of dedicated measuring devices, and the cumbersome and inefficient nature of standard measurement methods, this invention balances detection accuracy, ease of operation, and field applicability, enabling efficient and stable measurement of axial clearance in paired tapered roller bearings. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly and initial zeroing state of the measurement component of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the initial clearance measurement state after the inner spacer ring is removed according to the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the measurement method according to existing technical standards. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the forward and reverse assembly height measurement states of the upper bearing of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the method flow of the present invention.

[0015] In the diagram: 1. T-shaped loading head; 2. Upper bearing; 3. Inner spacer; 4. Outer spacer; 5. Lower bearing; 6. Dial indicator. Detailed Implementation

[0016] Please see Figure 5 A method for measuring the axial clearance of paired tapered roller bearings includes the following steps: Step 1, initial measurement preparation, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the T-shaped loading head 1, upper bearing 2, inner spacer 3, outer spacer 4, and lower bearing 5 are assembled into a measuring assembly according to the conventional assembly relationship of paired bearings. A constant axial load is applied to the upper bearing 2 through the T-shaped loading head 1. The measuring assembly is placed in the measuring position on the measuring platform, and the dial indicator 6 probe is aligned with the center of the upper plane of the T-shaped loading head 1. The outer ring of the upper bearing 2 is rotated so that the inner rings of the upper bearing 2 and the lower bearing 5 are tightly fitted with the end faces of the inner spacer 3, and the large end face of the rolling element of the lower bearing 5 is completely fitted with the inner ring flange. The dial indicator 6 is zeroed and then removed from the measuring assembly. Step 2, preliminary clearance measurement, such as Figure 2As shown, remove the inner spacer 3, keep the axial load unchanged, and put the measuring assembly back in the measuring position so that the dial indicator 6 probe is still aligned with the center of the upper plane of the T-shaped loading head 1; rotate the outer ring of the lower bearing 5 and the T-shaped loading head 1 so that the large end face of the rolling element of the lower bearing 5 is completely in contact with the inner ring flange, and record the reading of the dial indicator 6 as the preliminary clearance value δA'. Step 3, self-locking amount measurement, such as Figure 4 As shown, the upper bearing 2 is placed in the measurement state alone. Under the same axial load, its assembly height T1 in the forward assembly posture and its assembly height T0 in the reverse assembly posture are measured respectively. The self-locking amount δT = T1 - T0 is calculated. Step 4: Calculate the actual clearance using the formula δA = δA' + δT to obtain the actual axial clearance δA of the bearing.

[0017] In step one and step two, the magnitude of the axial load applied is constant; in step three, the forward and reverse assembly height measurements are performed using the same load, the same dial indicator 6, and the same measurement reference.

[0018] Example A method for measuring the axial clearance of paired tapered roller bearings, the specific steps of which are as follows: Step 1, as follows Figure 1 The measuring device is set up as shown. A bearing of model 717813-4 is prepared, including an upper bearing 2, an inner spacer 3, an outer spacer 4, and a lower bearing 5. A T-shaped loading head 1 and a dial indicator 6 with an accuracy of 0.001mm are also prepared. A constant axial load of 10kg is applied to the upper bearing 2 through the T-shaped loading head 1. The probe of the dial indicator 6 is aligned with the middle of the upper plane of the T-shaped loading head 1. The outer ring of the upper bearing 2 is slowly rotated 5 turns. After the pointer of the dial indicator 6 stabilizes, it is confirmed that the inner rings of the upper bearing 2 and the lower bearing 5 are in close contact with the end face of the inner spacer 3, and the large end face of the rolling element of the lower bearing 5 is in complete contact with the inner ring flange. The dial indicator 6 is zeroed and then removed from the measuring assembly. Step two, as Figure 2 As shown, remove the inner spacer 3, and apply a constant axial load of 10kg to the upper bearing 2 again through the T-shaped loading head 1. Keep the position of the dial indicator 6 probe unchanged, and slowly rotate the outer ring of the lower bearing 5 and the T-shaped loading head 1 for 5 turns. After the pointer of the dial indicator 6 stabilizes, record the reading as 0.12mm, that is, the initial clearance value δA' = 0.12mm. Step 3: Remove the upper bearing 2 and apply a constant axial load of 10kg to the upper bearing 2 using the T-shaped loading head 1. Use the same dial indicator 6 to measure the forward assembly height T1 and the reverse assembly height T0 respectively. The measured values ​​are T1=25.3mm and T0=25.2mm. Calculate the self-locking amount δT=T1-T0=0.10mm. Step 4: Calculate the actual axial clearance value δA = δA' + δT = 0.12 + 0.10 = 0.22 mm.

[0019] To verify the accuracy of the measurement method of the present invention, six samples from the same batch were compared and tested using the standard measurement method in the prior art. The test results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0020] Table 1 Comparison of results from different measurement methods (unit: mm) As shown in Table 1, the results obtained by the modified measurement method of this invention are highly consistent with the data of the standard method, with minimal error, significantly solving the numerical distortion problem caused by self-locking in the current method. Furthermore, compared to the cumbersome standard measurement method, the method of this invention only adds a simple self-locking measurement step, ensuring measurement accuracy while enabling rapid batch testing on-site, demonstrating good practicality and promotional value.

[0021] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for measuring the axial clearance of paired tapered roller bearings, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1, initial measurement preparation: Combine the T-shaped loading head (1), upper bearing (2), inner spacer (3), outer spacer (4), and lower bearing (5) into a measurement assembly according to the conventional assembly relationship of paired bearings; apply a constant axial load to the upper bearing (2) through the T-shaped loading head (1), place the measurement assembly on the measurement platform at the measurement station, and align the dial indicator (6) probe with the center of the upper plane of the T-shaped loading head (1); rotate the outer ring of the upper bearing (2) so that the inner ring of the upper bearing (2) and the lower bearing (5) are tightly fitted with the end face of the inner spacer (3), and the large end face of the rolling element of the lower bearing (5) is completely fitted with the inner ring flange; after zeroing the dial indicator (6), remove it from the measurement assembly; Step 2, preliminary clearance measurement: Remove the inner spacer (3), keep the axial load unchanged, and put the measuring assembly back in the measuring position so that the dial indicator (6) probe is still aligned with the center of the upper plane of the T-shaped loading head (1); rotate the outer ring of the lower bearing (5) and the T-shaped loading head (1) so that the large end face of the rolling element of the lower bearing (5) is completely in contact with the inner ring flange, and record the dial indicator (6) reading as the preliminary clearance value δA'; Step 3, self-locking measurement: Place the upper bearing (2) in the measurement state separately, and measure its assembly height T1 in the forward assembly posture and its assembly height T0 in the reverse assembly posture under the same axial load. Calculate the self-locking amount δT = T1 - T0. Step 4: Calculate the actual clearance using the formula δA = δA' + δT to obtain the actual axial clearance δA of the bearing.

2. The method for measuring the axial clearance of paired tapered roller bearings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The magnitude of the axial load applied in step one and step two remains constant.

3. The method for measuring the axial clearance of paired tapered roller bearings according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step three, the same load, the same dial gauge (6) and the same measurement reference are used for measuring the assembly height in both the forward and reverse directions.

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