General optimization water distribution method and device based on multi-level channel system

Abstract

The application discloses a general optimization water distribution method and device based on a multi-level channel system, relates to the technical field of channel optimization water distribution, and comprises the following steps: through end-level variable coding and level synthesis strategies, the solving complexity of a high-dimensional problem is greatly reduced, and in combination with a comprehensive objective function, multiple objectives of efficient water resource utilization, smooth facility operation and system operation safety are simultaneously realized. Thus, the technical problem of poor universality, feasibility and comprehensive benefit of the existing irrigation district channel system water distribution method is solved, so that the technical effect of realizing unified modeling of an arbitrary topological structure channel system, accurately coupling hydraulic constraints and operation objectives, and outputting a water distribution scheme which is optimal in theory and directly executable in engineering through an efficient solving strategy is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of channel optimization and water distribution technology, and in particular to a general optimization water distribution method and device based on a multi-level channel system. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional irrigation district water allocation plans rely heavily on the experience of management personnel, employing a fixed rotational irrigation model that divides irrigation into sections and segments year by year. While this method is simple to operate, it lacks scientific rigor and flexibility, making it difficult to dynamically respond to real-time changes in weather, water conditions, and crop water requirements. This often leads to problems such as significant water leakage losses in the canal system, frequent gate opening and closing, and untimely water supply, and can no longer meet the needs of refined management under rigid water resource constraints.

[0003] To overcome the shortcomings of the aforementioned experience-based management, existing technologies can employ optimization algorithms (such as genetic algorithms and particle swarm optimization) to solve water distribution models, aiming to achieve goals such as water conservation or shortening water distribution time. However, these existing technologies still have significant limitations: First, the models have poor universality, usually customized for specific levels of canal system structures (such as trunk-branch levels), making it difficult to directly apply to complex canal networks of arbitrary levels and topologies; second, the optimization process is disconnected from the hydraulic characteristics of the canal system, often treating the canal flow as an independent variable for optimization, while ignoring the physical reality that it is constrained by both the lowest inlet water level of the lower level and its own designed highest water level, resulting in the optimized flow scheme being infeasible under water level conditions, potentially leading to "dead zones" or the risk of overflow in gravity irrigation.

[0004] Furthermore, some existing methods typically establish decision variables for all channels and all time periods during modeling, resulting in a large problem dimension and difficulty in solving it. At the same time, their optimization objectives are relatively singular, failing to comprehensively consider multiple practical operational objectives such as leakage losses, gate operation stability, flow process stability, and supply-demand balance. Although the obtained solutions theoretically meet water demand, they have poor feasibility in engineering practice and are difficult to directly use to guide on-site scheduling.

[0005] In summary, the existing irrigation canal system water distribution methods have poor versatility, feasibility, and overall benefits, and urgently need to be addressed. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This application provides a general optimized water distribution method and device based on a multi-level canal system to solve the problems of poor universality, feasibility and comprehensive benefits of existing irrigation canal system water distribution methods.

[0007] The first aspect of this application provides a general optimized water distribution method based on a multi-level canal system, comprising the following steps: acquiring multi-level canal network data corresponding to a target multi-level canal network to construct a corresponding canal system topology, and constructing decision variable triplets corresponding to each terminal channel according to the canal system topology; determining the union of all water supply time period endpoints of the direct child channels of any parent channel in the canal system topology, so as to determine the time segment of any parent channel through the union, and establishing a corresponding hierarchical water volume mapping relationship based on the decision variable triplets and the time segment, and determining the net flow and gross flow of any channel according to the hierarchical water volume mapping relationship; constructing a corresponding comprehensive objective function based on a variety of preset constraints, and solving the comprehensive objective function using the decision variable triplets, the net flow and the gross flow to obtain the water distribution variable triplets of each level channel, and determining the general optimized water distribution scheme corresponding to the target multi-level canal network according to the water distribution variable triplets.

[0008] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, the step of obtaining multi-level channel network data corresponding to the target multi-level channel network to construct the corresponding channel system topology and constructing decision variable triples corresponding to each terminal channel according to the channel system topology includes: importing multi-level channel network data of the target multi-level channel network, establishing a channel system topology represented by a node-edge graph according to the multi-level channel network data, establishing the hierarchical identifier and parent-child mapping relationship of each channel in the channel system topology, and recording the along-path coordinates of each sub-channel head on the corresponding parent channel.

[0009] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, determining the union of all water supply time period endpoints of any direct child channel of any parent channel in the canal system topology, so as to determine the time segment of any parent channel through the union, and establishing a corresponding hierarchical water volume mapping relationship based on the decision variable triples and the time segments, and determining the net flow and gross flow of any channel according to the hierarchical water volume mapping relationship, includes: summarizing the start and end times of all water supply time periods of any direct child channel of any non-terminal channel in the canal system topology within the water distribution cycle, and determining the corresponding segment boundary times according to the start and end times; performing preset deduplication and time sorting operations on the segment boundary times to obtain the corresponding sorting results, and dividing the time period between adjacent segment boundary times in the sorting results into multiple continuous time segments, and numbering the multiple continuous time segments so that the time segments of the parent channel and the water supply time boundaries of the child channels in the canal system topology are aligned. Alignment is performed to determine the time segment of any parent channel; the set of direct sub-channels in water supply state within any time segment of any parent channel is determined, and it is determined whether the set of direct sub-channels is empty; if the set of direct sub-channels is non-empty, and the current parent channel is a final channel, the maximum and minimum values ​​of the head-of-channel coordinates of each sub-channel in the set of direct sub-channels are obtained, and the average value of the maximum and minimum values ​​is calculated to determine the channel working length of the corresponding time segment based on the average value; if the set of direct sub-channels is empty, the channel working length is set to the target length value; in response to the current parent channel in the set of direct sub-channels being a final channel, the actual length of the current parent channel is obtained, and the channel working length of the current parent channel is determined based on the actual length; within each time segment, based on the channel working length and the parent-child mapping relationship, the net flow and gross flow of each level channel in each time segment are obtained.

[0010] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, before constructing the corresponding comprehensive objective function based on multiple preset constraints, the method further includes: establishing a mapping function between channel water level and flow rate for any channel based on a preset trapezoidal cross-section Manning formula, and determining whether the set of direct sub-channels for any time segment of any channel is empty based on the mapping function; in response to the set of direct sub-channels for any time segment being non-empty, determining the minimum inflow water level of the direct sub-channels corresponding to the current time segment of the current channel, so as to determine the target minimum that the current channel needs to satisfy in the current time segment based on the minimum inflow water level. Low inlet water depth; based on the mapping function, the target minimum inlet water depth and the preset maximum water level corresponding to the current channel are respectively mapped to the lower and upper bounds of the gross flow rate of the current time segment, so as to construct the corresponding gross flow rate interval according to the lower and upper bounds of the gross flow rate; based on the preset minimum flow rate coefficient and the increased flow rate coefficient, the corresponding limited design ratio band is determined, and the intersection operation of the limited design ratio band and the gross flow rate interval is performed to obtain the feasible range of gross flow rate of the current time segment, so as to determine the water level-flow rate constraint condition among the multiple constraint conditions according to the feasible range of gross flow rate.

[0011] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, the step of constructing a corresponding comprehensive objective function based on multiple preset constraints, and solving the comprehensive objective function using the decision variable triplet, the net flow rate, and the gross flow rate to obtain the water distribution variable triplet for each level of channel, and determining the general optimized water distribution scheme corresponding to the target multi-level channel network based on the water distribution variable triplet, includes: calculating the total leakage of the channel system corresponding to the target multi-level channel network based on the gross flow rate of each channel in each time segment, the channel working length, and the time segment duration, and based on the total leakage of the channel system, the water level-flow rate constraint, the water balance constraint, and the water level-flow rate constraint among the multiple constraints. The comprehensive objective function is constructed based on the constraints of water distribution time and gate operation stability. The comprehensive objective function is solved to obtain the water distribution variable triplets for the final-level channels in the canal system topology. Based on these triplets, the water distribution flow rate and start / end time of each level of channel in each time segment are calculated. Based on the water distribution flow rate, the start / end time, and preset gate parameters, combined with preset gate outflow formulas, the gate opening degree of each level of gate in each time segment is calculated. Based on the gate opening degree, a scheduling result containing the segmental flow rate, water level, and gate opening time history of the entire canal system is generated. The scheduling result is used to obtain the general optimized water distribution scheme corresponding to the target multi-level canal network.

[0012] A second aspect of this application provides a general optimized water distribution device based on a multi-level canal system, comprising: a topology construction module, used to acquire multi-level canal network data corresponding to a target multi-level canal network to construct a corresponding canal system topology, and construct decision variable triplets corresponding to each terminal channel according to the canal system topology; a mapping module, used to determine the union of all water supply time period endpoints of the direct child channels of any parent channel in the canal system topology, to determine the time segment of any parent channel through the union, and to establish a corresponding hierarchical water volume mapping relationship based on the decision variable triplets and the time segment, and to determine the net flow and gross flow of any channel according to the hierarchical water volume mapping relationship; and an optimized water distribution module, used to construct a corresponding comprehensive objective function based on a variety of preset constraints, and to solve the comprehensive objective function using the decision variable triplets, the net flow and the gross flow to obtain the water distribution variable triplets of each level channel, and to determine the general optimized water distribution scheme corresponding to the target multi-level canal network according to the water distribution variable triplets.

[0013] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, the topology construction module includes: a recording unit, used to import the multi-level channel network data of the target multi-level channel network, and establish a channel system topology structure represented by a node-edge graph based on the multi-level channel network data, and establish the hierarchical identifier and parent-child mapping relationship of each channel in the channel system topology structure, while recording the along-path coordinates of each sub-channel head on the corresponding parent channel.

[0014] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, the mapping module includes: a summarizing unit, used to summarize the start and end times of all water supply periods of any non-terminal channel's direct sub-channel in the canal system topology during the water distribution cycle, and determine the corresponding segment boundary times based on the start and end times; a sorting unit, used to perform preset deduplication and time sorting operations on the segment boundary times to obtain the corresponding sorting results, and divide the time period between adjacent segment boundary times in the sorting results into multiple continuous time segments, and number the multiple continuous time segments so that the time segments of the parent channel in the canal system topology are aligned with the water supply period boundaries of the child channel, thereby determining the time segment of any parent channel; and a judging unit, used to determine the set of direct sub-channels in water supply state within any time segment of any parent channel, and judge the direct sub-channels. The set is determined as follows: A first calculation unit is used to obtain the maximum and minimum values ​​of the headway coordinates of each sub-channel in the set if the direct sub-channel set is non-empty and the current parent channel is a final-level channel, and calculate the average of the maximum and minimum values ​​to determine the channel working length for the corresponding time segment based on the average value; a setting unit is used to set the channel working length to a target length value if the direct sub-channel set is empty; an acquisition unit is used to obtain the actual length of the current parent channel in response to the current parent channel being a final-level channel, and determine the channel working length of the current parent channel based on the actual length; and an analysis unit is used to obtain the net flow and gross flow of each level channel in each time segment based on the channel working length and the parent-child mapping relationship.

[0015] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, it further includes: a mapping function construction module, used to establish a mapping function between channel water level and flow rate of any channel based on a preset trapezoidal cross-section Manning formula before constructing the corresponding comprehensive objective function based on preset multiple constraints, and to determine whether the set of direct sub-channels of any channel in any time segment is an empty set according to the mapping function; and a determination module, used to determine the minimum inflow water level of the direct sub-channels corresponding to the current time segment of the current channel when the set of direct sub-channels in any time segment is a non-empty set, so as to determine the objective that the current channel needs to satisfy in the current time segment according to the minimum inflow water level. Minimum inflow depth; a construction module, used to map the target minimum inflow depth and the preset maximum water level corresponding to the current channel to the lower and upper bounds of the gross flow rate for the current time segment, respectively, based on the mapping function, so as to construct the corresponding gross flow rate interval according to the lower and upper bounds of the gross flow rate; an intersection module, used to determine the corresponding limited design ratio band based on the preset minimum flow coefficient and the increased flow coefficient, and to perform an intersection operation between the limited design ratio band and the gross flow rate interval to obtain the feasible range of gross flow rate for the current time segment, so as to determine the water level-flow rate constraint condition among the multiple constraint conditions according to the feasible range of gross flow rate.

[0016] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, the optimized water distribution module includes: a second calculation unit, configured to calculate the total leakage of the canal system corresponding to the target multi-level canal network based on the gross flow rate of each channel in each time segment, the channel working length, and the duration of the time segment, and to construct the comprehensive objective function based on the total leakage of the canal system, the water level-flow constraint, the water balance constraint, the water distribution time constraint, and the gate operation stability constraint among the various constraints; and a solution unit, configured to solve the comprehensive objective function to obtain the canal network... The system uses a triplet of water distribution variables for the final-level channels in the topology, and calculates the water distribution flow and start and end times of each channel at each time segment based on the triplet of water distribution variables. A back-calculation unit is used to back-calculate the gate opening degree of each level of gate at each time segment based on the water distribution flow, the start and end times, and preset gate parameters, combined with a preset gate outflow formula. Based on the gate opening degree, a scheduling result containing the segmental flow, water level, and gate opening time history of the entire canal system is generated, so as to obtain the general optimized water distribution scheme corresponding to the target multi-level canal network through the scheduling result.

[0017] A third aspect of this application provides an electronic device, including: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the general optimized water distribution method based on a multi-level canal system as described in the above embodiments.

[0018] A fourth aspect of this application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described general optimized water distribution method based on a multi-level canal system.

[0019] A fifth aspect of this application provides a computer program product, including a computer program that is executed to implement the above-described general optimized water distribution method based on a multi-level canal system.

[0020] Therefore, the embodiments of this application have the following beneficial effects: The embodiments of this application can construct a corresponding canal system topology by acquiring multi-level canal network data corresponding to the target multi-level canal network, and construct decision variable triples for each terminal channel based on the canal system topology; determine the union of all water supply time period endpoints of the direct child channels of any parent channel in the canal system topology, so as to determine the time segment of any parent channel through the union, and establish a corresponding hierarchical water volume mapping relationship based on the decision variable triples and time segments, and determine the net flow and gross flow of any channel based on the hierarchical water volume mapping relationship; construct a corresponding comprehensive objective function based on multiple preset constraints, and solve the comprehensive objective function using the decision variable triples, net flow, and gross flow to obtain the water distribution variable triples for each level of channel, and determine the general optimized water distribution scheme corresponding to the target multi-level canal network based on the water distribution variable triples. This application can uniformly describe the multi-level canal system topology, accurately couple hydraulic constraints and operational objectives, and efficiently solve the water distribution model, thereby obtaining a theoretically optimal and engineering-feasible refined water distribution scheme. This solves the problems of poor universality, feasibility, and overall benefits of existing irrigation canal systems.

[0021] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this application will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein: Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a general optimized water distribution method based on a multi-level canal system, according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a canal system topology provided for one embodiment of this application; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the final output flow rate of the terminal channel and the distribution of water distribution time periods in each channel according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 3(a) is a schematic diagram of the flow comparison of a terminal canal provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3(b) is a Gantt chart showing the distribution of water distribution time periods in a canal system at various levels, provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 4 A final output Gantt chart of gate openings is provided for one embodiment of this application; Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the algorithm optimization process for the final output provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 5(a) is a schematic diagram showing the change of fitness function and leakage rate with the number of iterations provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 5(b) is a schematic diagram showing the change of total water distribution time and gate operation number with the number of iterations provided by an embodiment of this application; Figure 6 A final output water balance diagram of the terminal channel is provided as an embodiment of this application; Figure 7 A leakage loss statistics chart of the final output provided in one embodiment of this application; Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the execution logic of a general optimized water distribution method based on a multi-level canal system provided for one embodiment of this application; Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the logical architecture of a general optimized water distribution system based on a multi-level canal system is provided for one embodiment of this application; Figure 10 This is an example diagram of a general optimized water distribution device based on a multi-level canal system according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0023] Among them, 10-general optimized water distribution device based on multi-level canal system, 100-topology construction module, 200-mapping module, 300-optimized water distribution module, 1101-memory, 1102-processor, 1103-communication interface. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.

[0025] The following describes a general optimized water distribution method and apparatus based on a multi-level canal system, with reference to the accompanying drawings. Addressing the problems mentioned in the background section, this application provides a general optimized water distribution method based on a multi-level canal system. In this method, multi-level canal network data corresponding to the target multi-level canal network is acquired to construct a corresponding canal system topology. Based on the canal system topology, decision variable triplets corresponding to each terminal channel are constructed. The union of all water supply time period endpoints of the direct child channels of any parent channel in the canal system topology is determined to determine the time segment of any parent channel. Based on the decision variable triplets and the time segments, a corresponding hierarchical water volume mapping relationship is established, and the net flow and gross flow of any channel are determined according to the hierarchical water volume mapping relationship. Based on multiple preset constraints, a corresponding comprehensive objective function is constructed, and the comprehensive objective function is solved using the decision variable triplets, net flow, and gross flow to obtain the water distribution variable triplets for each level of channel. Finally, a general optimized water distribution scheme corresponding to the target multi-level canal network is determined based on the water distribution variable triplets. This application can uniformly describe the topology of multi-level canal systems, accurately couple hydraulic constraints and operational objectives, and efficiently solve the water distribution model, thereby obtaining a theoretically optimal and engineering-feasible refined water distribution scheme. This solves the problems of poor universality, feasibility, and overall benefits of existing irrigation district canal system water distribution methods.

[0026] Specifically, Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a general optimized water distribution method based on a multi-level canal system, provided as an embodiment of this application.

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, this general optimized water distribution method based on a multi-level canal system includes the following steps: In step S101, multi-level channel network data corresponding to the target multi-level channel network is obtained to construct the corresponding channel system topology, and decision variable triples corresponding to each terminal channel are constructed according to the channel system topology. The embodiments of this application first construct a canal system topology structure represented by a node-edge graph by importing multi-level canal network data of the target multi-level canal network, and establish channel level identifiers and parent-child mapping relationships, and record the coordinates of each sub-channel head along the parent channel; then, the embodiments of this application can identify the set of final-level channels, thereby establishing a triplet of decision variables including net flow and water supply start and end times for each final-level channel.

[0028] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, multi-level channel network data corresponding to the target multi-level channel network is obtained to construct the corresponding channel system topology, and decision variable triples corresponding to each terminal channel are constructed according to the channel system topology, including: importing multi-level channel network data of the target multi-level channel network, establishing a channel system topology represented by a node-edge graph according to the multi-level channel network data, establishing the hierarchical identifier and parent-child mapping relationship of each channel in the channel system topology, and recording the along-path coordinates of each sub-channel head on the corresponding parent channel.

[0029] It should be noted that the embodiments of this application acquire and import multi-level channel network data, construct a channel system topology structure represented by a node-edge graph, establish a hierarchical identifier and parent-child mapping relationship for each channel, and record the coordinates of each sub-channel head along its parent channel.

[0030] The multi-level canal network data includes at least: node sets, edge sets, parent-child mappings and level identifiers; geometric and hydraulic parameters of each canal; water demand and minimum inlet water level of the final canal; maximum design water level and design flow rate of the canal; minimum flow coefficient and maximum flow coefficient; gate parameters; leakage parameters; coordinates along the head of the sub-canal; water distribution cycle and time step, to ensure that topology, hydraulic and operational information are consistently expressed in the same data dictionary and directly support subsequent corresponding calculations.

[0031] Secondly, embodiments of this application can identify a set of final-level channels. For each terminal channel Establish decision variable triples ,in, For the last level of channels i In the j Net flow rate during each water supply period These are the start and end times of water distribution, respectively.

[0032] Therefore, the embodiments of this application construct a canal system topology and establish decision variable triples, thereby providing reliable data support for the construction of subsequent hierarchical water volume mapping relationships.

[0033] In step S102, the union of all water supply time period endpoints of the direct sub-channels of any parent channel in the canal system topology is determined to determine the time segment of any parent channel through the union. Based on the decision variable triples and the time segment, the corresponding hierarchical water volume mapping relationship is established, and the net flow and gross flow of any channel are determined according to the hierarchical water volume mapping relationship. Furthermore, after establishing a triplet of decision variables including net flow and water supply start and end times for each terminal channel, the embodiments of this application can also generate a parent channel time segment by the union of the water supply time endpoints of each non-terminal channel direct sub-channel; determine the set of direct sub-channels in the water supply state on the time segment scale and calculate the channel working length, and map the net flow to the gross flow considering leakage loss, and perform a bottom-up recursive operation based on the parent-child mapping relationship to obtain the gross flow of each channel segment.

[0034] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, the union of all water supply time period endpoints of the direct sub-channels of any parent channel in the canal system topology is determined to determine the time segment of any parent channel through the union. Based on the decision variable triples and the time segments, a corresponding hierarchical water volume mapping relationship is established, and the net flow and gross flow of any channel are determined according to the hierarchical water volume mapping relationship. This includes: summarizing the start and end times of all water supply time periods of the direct sub-channels of any non-terminal channel in the canal system topology within the water distribution cycle, and determining the corresponding segment boundary times based on the start and end times; performing preset deduplication and time sorting operations on the segment boundary times to obtain the corresponding sorting results, and dividing the time period between adjacent segment boundary times in the sorting results into multiple continuous time segments, and numbering the multiple continuous time segments so that the time segments of the parent channel in the canal system topology correspond to the water supply time periods of the sub-channels. Boundary alignment is performed to determine the time segment of any parent channel; the set of direct sub-channels in water supply status within any time segment of any parent channel is determined, and it is determined whether the set of direct sub-channels is empty; if the set of direct sub-channels is non-empty, and the current parent channel is not a final-level channel, the maximum and minimum values ​​of the head-of-channel coordinates of each sub-channel in the set of direct sub-channels are obtained, and the average of the maximum and minimum values ​​is calculated to determine the channel working length of the corresponding time segment based on the average value; if the set of direct sub-channels is empty, the channel working length is set to the target length value; in response to the current parent channel in the set of direct sub-channels being a final-level channel, the actual length of the current parent channel is obtained, and the channel working length of the current parent channel is determined based on the actual length; within each time segment, based on the channel working length and the parent-child mapping relationship, the net flow and gross flow of each level of channel in each time segment are obtained.

[0035] Specifically, in the embodiments of this application, the start and end times of all water supply periods of any parent channel's direct sub-channels within the water distribution cycle can be summarized as segment boundary times. These segment boundary times are then deduplicated and sorted chronologically. Furthermore, the time intervals between adjacent segment boundary times are divided into several continuous time segments, which are then sequentially numbered (numbered sequentially as the [number]th...). k (Time segmentation) ensures that the time segments of the parent channel are strictly aligned with the water supply time boundaries of the child channel.

[0036] Secondly, in the process of establishing hierarchical water volume mapping on a time-segmented scale, the embodiments of this application can be applied to any channel. c any time segment k Determine the set of direct sub-channels that are in water supply status during this time segment. U c,k and based on U c,k Calculate the working length of the canal for each sub-channel by using the coordinates along the head of each sub-channel for that time segment. Within each time segment, embodiments of this application may consider leakage losses to map net flow to gross flow, and recursively derive the net flow of each channel level in each time segment from bottom to top according to the parent-child mapping relationship. Gross flow ;when U c,k When it is an empty set, gross flow It is 0.

[0037] It should be noted that the channel working length can be used as an empirically effective working length for leakage estimation, representing the length at which leakage occurs in the first stage. k The average water conveyance distance (due to seepage) within the time segment is used to calculate the working length of the channel. L c,k During the process, embodiments of this application can be segmented in time. k Within, identify the set of direct sub-channels that are in a water supply state. U c,k ;when U c,k When not empty, the embodiments of this application can be carried out according to... c,k The maximum and minimum values ​​of the coordinates along the head of each sub-channel are calculated, and the average of these two values ​​is taken as the channel working length for that time segment; when U c,k When the set is empty, the gross flow rate for that time segment is set to 0, and the working length is set to 0 (i.e., the target length value); when the channel c When it is a terminal channel, the working length is taken as the actual length of the terminal channel.

[0038] As one possible approach, embodiments of this application can target any channel. c The k Segmentation, net flow and gross flow meet the following requirements: (1) For any non-terminal channel c The k The working length of the segmented channel is calculated by the following formula: (2) For any non-terminal channel cThe k The segmented hierarchical flow is recursively calculated as follows: (3) in, For channels c No. k Segmented gross flow rate, unit: m³ 3 / s; This is the net flow rate of this segment, in cubic meters (m³). 3 / s; This is the working length of the channel segment, in km; The reduction factor for leakage after taking anti-leakage measures for the channel; The permeability coefficient of the canal bed soil; The permeability index of the canal bed soil; For channels c No. k A collection of direct sub-channels that are in a segmented water supply state; The coordinates of the head of the sub-channel relative to the parent channel along the distance, in km; if c For the lowest level channel, then take The length of the final channel is expressed in km. For channels c The direct sub-channel set; For direct sub-channels d In the parent channel k Gross flow rate within a segment, in m³ 3 / s.

[0039] Therefore, the embodiments of this application generate parent time segments by aligning the child water supply time periods, accurately calculate the water supply working length by combining the headworks coordinates, consider leakage only for the effective water supply section, and extrapolate the flow rate by level, thereby greatly improving the calculation efficiency and water volume calculation accuracy of water distribution optimization, and ensuring that the scheduling results meet both hydraulic constraints and engineering feasibility.

[0040] In step S103, based on a variety of preset constraints, a corresponding comprehensive objective function is constructed, and the comprehensive objective function is solved using decision variable triplets, net flow rate, and gross flow rate to obtain water distribution variable triplets for each level of channel. Based on the water distribution variable triplets, a general optimized water distribution scheme corresponding to the target multi-level channel network is determined. Subsequently, embodiments of this application can establish a water depth-flow mapping relationship based on the Manning formula for trapezoidal cross-sections (which include rectangular cross-sections, distinguished by slope coefficients, with the rectangular slope coefficient being 0). The upper and lower bounds of the segmented flow rate are determined based on the minimum inflow depth of the lower-level channel and the maximum design water depth of the current-level channel, and the intersection with the design proportion is used to form a feasible range for the segmented gross flow rate. Secondly, embodiments of this application can construct a comprehensive objective function and perform optimization solutions under constraints such as water balance, water distribution time, and stable gate operation. Finally, embodiments of this application can back-calculate the gate opening based on the solution results, output the segmented flow rate, water depth, and gate opening time history of the entire canal system, and generate visual charts and standardized reports.

[0041] Therefore, the embodiments of this application can achieve efficient, accurate and stable scheduling of water volume in the entire canal system by establishing a generalized model and intelligent algorithm.

[0042] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, before constructing the corresponding comprehensive objective function based on multiple preset constraints, the method further includes: establishing a mapping function between channel water level and flow rate for any channel based on a preset trapezoidal cross-section Manning formula, and determining whether the set of direct sub-channels for any time segment of any channel is empty based on the mapping function; in response to the set of direct sub-channels for any time segment being non-empty, determining the minimum inflow water level of the direct sub-channel corresponding to the current time segment of the current channel, so as to determine the required flow rate of the current channel in the current time segment based on the minimum inflow water level. The target minimum inflow depth is determined. Based on the mapping function, the target minimum inflow depth and the preset maximum water level corresponding to the current channel are mapped to the lower and upper bounds of the gross flow rate for the current time segment, respectively. The corresponding gross flow rate interval is constructed based on the lower and upper bounds of the gross flow rate. Based on the preset minimum flow rate coefficient and the increased flow rate coefficient, the corresponding limited design ratio zone is determined. The intersection operation of the limited design ratio zone and the gross flow rate interval is performed to obtain the feasible range of gross flow rate for the current time segment. The water level-flow rate constraint condition among various constraint conditions is determined based on the feasible range of gross flow rate.

[0043] It should be noted that the embodiments of this application can establish a mapping function between channel water depth (i.e., water level) and flow rate based on the Manning formula for trapezoidal cross-sections. For any channel c any time segment k ,when U c,k When the set is non-empty, the minimum influent depth required for that section of the channel is determined based on the minimum influent water level of its direct sub-channels. and will and the highest designed water level of the channel These are respectively mapped to the lower and upper bounds of the segmented gross flow rate; then, they are correlated with the minimum flow rate coefficient. and increase the flow coefficient Limited design proportions [ · , · Find the intersection to obtain the feasible interval of gross flow for that segment. , ].

[0044] Specifically, in the process of establishing operational water level-flow constraints, any channel c The water level-flow rate function is: (4) (5) (6) in, For channels c At water depth h The flow rate is expressed in milliseconds (m). 3 / s; The cross-sectional area of ​​the water passage is expressed in m². 2 ; The hydraulic radius is expressed in meters (m). J c Hydraulic gradient; Roughness, in units of s / m 1 / 3 ; The width of the channel bottom is in meters (m). This is the slope coefficient.

[0045] Secondly, the k The minimum influent water level of each section and its upper and lower bounds of the mapped flow rate: (7) (8) (9) in, This represents the minimum inlet water level of the sub-channel, in meters (m). For the parent channel in the first k The minimum water level that each section must meet, in meters; The highest water level designed for the parent level, in meters (m).

[0046] Furthermore, the embodiments of this application can be intersected with the design proportion to obtain the final upper and lower bounds, thereby constructing a feasible range for gross flow and constraining the segmented gross flow: (10) (11) (12) in, Design the flow rate for the parent element, in meters (m). 3 / s; and These are the minimum flow coefficient and the increased flow coefficient, respectively.

[0047] It should be noted that the feasible range for gross flow is [ , ]satisfy: , ,in, Q c (·) is the water level-flow mapping function obtained from the Manning formula.

[0048] Subsequently, embodiments of this application can establish water distribution time constraints; in these constraints, each water supply segment satisfies: (13) The total gate opening time meets the following requirements: (14) in, T This refers to the length of the water distribution cycle, measured in seconds (s). The total gate opening time is expressed in seconds.

[0049] Therefore, the embodiments of this application establish a water level-flow mapping based on the Manning formula, determine the upper and lower limits of the flow rate by combining the minimum inlet water level of the sub-channel with the channel design water level, and then take the intersection with the design ratio to construct a reasonable feasible range of gross flow rate, thereby ensuring that the water distribution flow rate meets hydraulic safety and engineering specifications and improving the scientific nature of scheduling.

[0050] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, a corresponding comprehensive objective function is constructed based on multiple preset constraints, and the comprehensive objective function is solved using decision variable triplets, net flow rate, and gross flow rate to obtain water distribution variable triplets for each level of channel. Furthermore, a general optimized water distribution scheme corresponding to the target multi-level channel network is determined based on the water distribution variable triplets, including: calculating the total leakage of the channel system corresponding to the target multi-level channel network based on the gross flow rate of each channel in each time segment, the channel working length, and the time segment duration; and based on the total leakage of the channel system, the water level-flow rate constraint, the water balance constraint, and the distribution... A comprehensive objective function is constructed based on water time constraints and gate operation stability constraints. The comprehensive objective function is solved to obtain the triplet of water distribution variables for the final-level channels in the canal system topology. Based on the triplet of water distribution variables, the water distribution flow rate and start / end time of each level of channel in each time segment are calculated. Based on the water distribution flow rate, start / end time, and preset gate parameters, combined with preset gate outflow formulas, the gate opening degree of each level of gate in each time segment is calculated. Based on the gate opening degree, a scheduling result containing the segmental flow rate, water level, and gate opening time history of the entire canal system is generated. The scheduling result is used to obtain a general optimized water distribution scheme corresponding to the target multi-level canal network.

[0051] Specifically, in the embodiments of this application, the total leakage of the channel system can first be calculated based on the gross flow rate of each channel in each time segment, the working length / actual length of the channel, and the duration of the time segment. The working length is used for channel lengths in non-final stage leakage segments, and the actual length is used for channel lengths in final stage leakage segments, as shown in the following formula: (15) in, For the collection of the final channel; This is a collection of non-last-level channels; The unit is seconds (s). For channels c No. k Segment duration, in seconds.

[0052] Secondly, the embodiments of this application can construct a comprehensive objective function (i.e., a multi-index dimensionless objective function) and perform minimization optimization. The comprehensive objective function includes at least: total leakage or leakage rate, number of gate opening and closing times, total water distribution duration, supply and demand balance deviation of the final channel, and flow stability index of the top channel. Among them, the number of gate opening and closing times is obtained based on the gate opening time history statistics, and further, the amplitude limit constraint is applied to the gross flow change range or gate opening change range of adjacent time segments to reduce frequent opening and closing and improve operational stability.

[0053] It should be noted that, in the embodiments of this application, the sub-objective functions in the multi-index dimensionless objective function are as follows: Total channel leakage rate: (16) Total gate opening and closing frequency ratio: (17) Proportion of total water distribution time: (18) Supply and demand balance rate at the last tier of distribution channels: (19) Top-level channel traffic stability: (20) (twenty one) in, These are dimensionless indicators for total channel leakage rate, total number of gate openings and closings, total water distribution time, supply and demand balance rate of terminal channel, and flow stability of top channel. For the last level of channels i Water demand, m 3 ; This refers to the total number of times the channel gates were opened and closed; This is the maximum allowable limit; This represents the sequence of traffic changes at the top-level channel. STD and Mean These are functions of standard deviation and arithmetic mean, respectively. This refers to the indicator weighting coefficient.

[0054] In the embodiments of this application, the weight coefficients of the above-mentioned multi-index dimensionless objective function can be set according to different application scenarios to achieve differentiated trade-offs between water demand satisfaction, water conservation, fewer start-ups and shutdowns, and stable operation.

[0055] Furthermore, embodiments of this application can invoke an optimization solver to calculate the triplet of decision variables for the final-level channel. The solution is performed to obtain the final stage net flow rate and water supply period; then, based on the step-by-step calculation in the process of establishing hierarchical water volume mapping relationship, the water distribution flow rate and start and end times of each channel at each time segment are output.

[0056] It should be noted that the optimization solver in this application embodiment is one of adaptive multi-strategy genetic algorithm, particle swarm optimization, simulated annealing or mixed integer programming; for candidate solutions that violate the water level-flow constraint or water distribution time constraint, interval projection or water supply period adjustment is used to correct them to the feasible solution space before the objective function is evaluated.

[0057] Finally, embodiments of this application can, based on the obtained segmented flow rates of each channel level and gate parameters, calculate the opening degree of each gate level in each time segment according to the gate outflow formula, and output scheduling results including the segmented flow rates, water levels, and gate opening time histories of the entire canal system. Furthermore, when the final stage is a branch canal and its downstream channels... exist[ The flow rate is kept constant within the range to facilitate on-site gate opening and closing management. The mathematical expression for segmented flow rate and opening degree is: (twenty two) (twenty three) in, The shrinkage coefficient; For flow coefficient; N Number of gate openings; This refers to the width of a single hole; For opening degree; g It is the acceleration due to gravity; The difference in water head before and after the gate.

[0058] It should be noted that the gate parameters include at least the flow coefficient, contraction coefficient, single orifice width, and number of gate orifices; the leakage parameters include the leakage reduction coefficient, channel bed permeability coefficient, and channel bed soil permeability index. The units and calibration diameters of each parameter are consistent with Equations (1), (15), (22), and (23) to ensure that the gross flow mapping, leakage estimation, and gate opening back calculation can be directly calculated under the same unit system.

[0059] In summary, this application's embodiments, by establishing a generalized canal system topology model and coupling dynamic hydraulic constraints with a multi-objective optimization mechanism, achieve accurate description and global optimization of the complex canal system water distribution process. Its core effect lies in the following: theoretically, it transforms the physical water intake demand of lower-level channels and the hydraulic transport capacity of parent-level channels into dynamic constraint intervals through mathematical mapping, ensuring the engineering feasibility of the optimization scheme; methodologically, it significantly reduces the solution complexity of high-dimensional problems through final-level variable encoding and hierarchical synthesis strategies, and, combined with a comprehensive objective function, simultaneously achieves multiple objectives: efficient water resource utilization, stable facility operation, and safe system operation. At the application level, this application's embodiments ultimately output gate opening commands and a series of accompanying management charts that can directly guide on-site scheduling, transforming the complex mathematical model into an intuitive and operable scheduling scheme, thereby significantly improving the precision of irrigation district water allocation and decision support efficiency.

[0060] The following describes the execution process of the general optimized water distribution method based on a multi-level canal system of this application through a specific embodiment and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0061] In one specific embodiment of this application, taking a four-level irrigation system in a certain irrigation district as an example, the specific implementation process of the general optimized water distribution method based on a multi-level irrigation system of this application is described.

[0062] The specific embodiments of this application select an irrigation district comprising four levels: main canal, branch canals, tributary canals, and distribution canals, forming a complete four-level canal system. This irrigation district utilizes external water sources for gravity-fed irrigation, and its irrigation and drainage system is relatively complete. First, relevant engineering parameters, operation and management data, and the current water demand plan for the irrigation district's canal system are collected. Using the data input and topology modeling module of this invention's system, various basic data of the canal system are imported. The canal system structural parameters are shown in Table 1, including the design flow rate, length, headway coordinates of each canal, and leakage parameters.

[0063] Table 1

[0064] The water demand of users in the terminal channel (split channel) is shown in Table 2.

[0065] Table 2

[0066] The gate parameters are configured as shown in Table 3, including the number of gate openings, single-opening width, pier width, roughness, etc.

[0067] Table 3

[0068] It should be noted that the implementation steps of the specific embodiments of this application are as follows: Step 1: Import multi-level canal network data and establish a topology structure uniformly described by node-edge graphs and parent-child mappings. Through the data input and topology modeling module, convert the canal system structure parameters shown in Table 1 into a node-edge graph representation and establish parent-child mapping relationships. Nodes represent canal nodes, edges represent canal connections, and parent-child mappings clarify the hierarchical relationships between canals at each level, forming a structure like... Figure 2 The diagram shows the topology of the canal system.

[0069] Step 2: Establish decision variable triples for each final-level channel. In the variable encoding and segmented synthesis module, for each final-level channel... i Establish decision variable triples ,in, For the last level of channels i In the j Net flow rate during each water supply period These are the start and end times of water distribution, respectively. In this embodiment, the final-level channels are distribution canals, totaling eight. A triplet is established for each channel, constituting the decision variables for the optimization problem.

[0070] Step 3: The time segment of each parent channel is determined by the union of the endpoints of all time periods of its direct sub-channels. A hierarchical time synthesis algorithm automatically determines the time segment of each parent channel. Specifically, for any non-terminal channel, its water distribution period is formed by taking the union of the endpoints of the time periods of all its direct sub-channels, ensuring consistency of time segments across levels.

[0071] Step 4: Establish operating "water level-flow rate" constraints, wherein, in a specific embodiment of this application, the minimum flow rate coefficient is... and increase the flow coefficient The values ​​can be 0.6 and 1.0 respectively.

[0072] Step 5: Establish water distribution time constraints. In the specific embodiments of this application, the total water distribution cycle is... T Use 10 days; the time interval is 1 hour.

[0073] Step 6: Calculate the total leakage of the entire canal system.

[0074] Step 7: Construct a multi-indicator dimensionless objective function and perform minimization optimization, where the stability of top-level channel traffic is a key factor. =1.0; =1.5; =10; =5.0; =1.0; The maximum number of gate operations allowed is 50.

[0075] Step 8: In a specific embodiment of this application, the Simulated Binary Crossover (SBX) genetic algorithm is used to solve the optimization model. The specific steps are as follows: Step 8-1: Chromosome Encoding: Real number encoding is used. Each chromosome contains triplet variables for all final channels. The chromosome structure is [ q 1, , , q 2, , , ……., q 8, , ], where 8 represents the number of terminal channels.

[0076] Step 8-2: Population initialization: Set the population size to 800 and use multiple initialization strategies to generate the initial population, including the balancing strategy, the high-flow strategy, and the low-flow strategy, with weights of 0.6, 0.3, and 0.1, respectively.

[0077] Step 8-3: Fitness Calculation: Decode each individual and calculate its fitness function value. The fitness function comprehensively considers five aspects: water balance deviation, leakage loss, water distribution time, gate operation, and flow stability.

[0078] Step 8-4: Selection Operation: The tournament selection method is adopted, with a tournament size of 5, to select superior individuals from the population to enter the mating pool.

[0079] Step 8-5: Crossover operation: Use SBX crossover with a crossover rate of 0.85 and a distribution index of 0.85. Randomly selected from the range of 15 to 25. For parent individuals p 1 and p 2. Generate offspring individuals c 1 and c 2:

[0080]

[0081]

[0082] in, u The random numbers are uniformly distributed in the range [0, 1].

[0083] Step 8-6: Mutation operation: Use multinomial mutation with a mutation rate of 0.08 and a distribution index of 0.08. Randomly select variables within the range of 15 to 25. Apply mutation operations to the flow rate variable, start time variable, and end time variable respectively.

[0084] Step 8-7: Elite Preservation: Elite individuals are preserved in each generation, with the elite population size being 15% of the total population size.

[0085] Step 8-8: Adaptive parameter adjustment: Adaptively adjust the mutation rate according to the number of stagnant generations. When stagnation exceeds 10 generations, increase the mutation rate to enhance population diversity.

[0086] Steps 8-9: Population Restart: When the number of stalled generations reaches the restart interval (100 generations), perform a population restart operation, retaining the best individual and some elite individuals, and regenerating the remaining individuals. Set the number of iterations to 600 generations, and after optimization, obtain the Pareto optimal solution set.

[0087] Steps 8-10: Use the TOPSIS method to perform multi-objective decision optimization and select the solution with the highest relative proximity as the final implementation solution.

[0088] Step 9: Based on steps 3 to 5, output the water distribution flow rate for each level of the channel. Water distribution start time and the end of water distribution The optimization results are shown in Figure 3. In Figure 3(a), the flow rate of the final-stage distribution canals is compared, showing the design flow rate, minimum flow limit, net flow rate, and gross flow rate of each distribution canal. In Figure 3(b), the Gantt chart of the water distribution time distribution of each level of the canal system is shown, which intuitively demonstrates the coordination and continuity of the water distribution time of the entire canal system.

[0089] Step 10: Output the water distribution scheme and calculate the gate opening. Calculate the segmental opening of each gate according to the gate outlet formula and output the scheduling results. In a specific embodiment of this application, the steps for determining the gate hydraulic calculation parameters are as follows: Step 10-1: Flow Coefficient The calculation. , ;when The calculation is performed according to the weir flow formula.

[0090] Step 10-2: Vertical contraction coefficient The determination is based on the relative opening of the gate. Refer to the vertical shrinkage coefficient table: Table 4 Vertical Shrinkage Coefficient Table

[0091] Step 10-3: Gate opening calculation. The segmented flow rate and opening degree satisfy the following formula:

[0092]

[0093] in, The shrinkage coefficient; For flow coefficient; N Number of gate openings; This refers to the width of a single hole; For opening degree; g It is the acceleration due to gravity; The difference in water head before and after the gate is used. The opening degree of each gate is determined through iterative back-calculation to ensure precise control of the water distribution flow. The gate operation results are as follows: Figure 4 As shown, it includes detailed information such as the segmented opening degree, flow rate, and opening and closing time of all gates.

[0094] The specific embodiments of this application obtained the water distribution scheme and gate scheduling instructions for the entire canal system through optimization. During the optimization process, the changes in the fitness function and leakage rate with the number of iterations are shown in Figure 5(a), indicating that the algorithm converged to a stable solution within 600 iterations. The optimal fitness decreased from the initial 19.4 to 8.7, and the leakage rate decreased from the initial 11.78% to 10.69%. The changes in the total water distribution time and the number of gate operations with the number of iterations are shown in Figure 5(b). The water distribution time of the model steadily decreased from 79 h to 35 h, and the number of gate operations steadily decreased from 34 to 26, verifying the effectiveness of the algorithm.

[0095] The water balance results of the final channel are as follows Figure 6 As shown in the "Water Balance of Terminal Channels" worksheet, the water volume deviation rate of all distribution channels is less than 5%, indicating a good supply-demand balance. For example, the water demand of distribution channel 401 is 50,000 m³, and the actual water supply is 50,040 m³, with a deviation rate of only 0.08%, which meets the project requirements.

[0096] Leakage loss statistics as follows Figure 7 The "Leakage Loss Statistics" show that the total leakage of the entire canal system was 45,113 m³, accounting for 10.69% of the total water demand. Among them, the main canal had the largest leakage loss, at 12,285 m³ (2.91%), while the branch canals had the smallest leakage loss, at 10,234 m³ (2.43%). The optimized leakage rate was reduced by approximately 15% compared to the traditional method, demonstrating the water-saving effect of this application.

[0097] The execution logic of the general optimized water distribution method based on a multi-level canal system of this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0098] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the execution logic of the general optimized water distribution method based on a multi-level canal system proposed in this application. Figure 8 As shown, the execution process of the general optimized water distribution method based on a multi-level canal system in this application is as follows: S801: Input basic canal system data, including nodes, edges, parent-child relationships, canal geometry and hydraulic parameters, water demand, gate parameters, etc., and construct a unified topology model with "node-edge graph" and "parent-child mapping relationship" as the core. S802: Create a triplet of decision variables for each terminal channel, representing net flow rate, water distribution start time, and water distribution end time, respectively; S803: The water distribution period of any parent channel is automatically synthesized by taking the union of the time period endpoints of all its direct child channels to ensure time alignment; based on this segmentation, the net flow and gross flow of each segment of the parent channel are calculated. S804: Establish a water level-flow function. Based on the minimum inlet water level requirement of the sub-channel, back-calculate the minimum water level required for each section of the parent channel. Take the intersection with the channel design flow range to obtain the final dynamic flow constraint interval: constrain the water distribution period of the final channel to be within the water distribution cycle. S805: Construct a multi-objective function, taking minimizing the leakage rate, minimizing the number of gate operations, minimizing the total water distribution time, minimizing the supply and demand deviation of the terminal channel, and maximizing the stability of the top flow as sub-objectives, with the weight coefficients adjusted according to management requirements; S806: Call the adaptive genetic optimization algorithm to solve the decision variables and output the net flow rate of the final channel and the start and end times of water distribution; S807: Extract the optimal final channel variables and, based on the hierarchical flow mapping rules, calculate the detailed water distribution plan for all levels of channels in the entire channel system, including the gross flow of each segment of each channel and the corresponding start and end times. S808: Based on the gross flow of the channel segments, substitute the outflow of the gate openings, and calculate the specific opening value of each gate in the time period required to execute this flow plan; S809: Outputs a detailed water distribution plan for the entire canal system and automatically generates topology diagrams, Gantt charts, process lines, statistical charts, and standardized reports.

[0099] Furthermore, this application can also construct a corresponding general optimized water distribution system based on a multi-level canal system according to the execution logic of the general optimized water distribution method based on a multi-level canal system.

[0100] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the logical architecture of the general optimized water distribution system based on a multi-level canal system proposed in this application. Figure 9 As shown, the general optimized water distribution system based on multi-level canal systems in this application mainly consists of five functional modules: data input and topology modeling module, variable encoding and segmented synthesis module, constraint generation module, target construction and optimization solution module, and result output and visualization module. Each module is called sequentially under a unified data dictionary and time background, supports the import and solution of topologies of any level, and ensures the consistency and verifiability of topology, time, hydraulic and operational constraints.

[0101] The data input and topology modeling module is used to import various basic data of the canal system and construct a unified topology model based on node-edge graphs and parent-child mapping relationships. Input data includes node sets, edge sets, parent-child mappings, and hierarchical identifiers; geometric and hydraulic parameters of each canal system (such as design flow rate, length, bottom width, slope coefficient, roughness coefficient, etc.); water demand and minimum inlet water level of the final channel; minimum and maximum flow coefficients of the channel; gate parameters (such as number of gate openings, single-opening width, flow coefficient, contraction coefficient); leakage parameters (such as leakage reduction coefficient, channel bed permeability coefficient, soil permeability index); coordinates along the head of sub-channels; and scheduling windows and time steps. This module converts the raw data into a structured topology model, constructs a node-edge graph topology, establishes parent-child mapping relationships and hierarchical identifiers, forming a unified data dictionary, providing a foundation for subsequent optimization.

[0102] Variable Encoding and Segmented Synthesis Module: This module is used to create decision variable triples in the final channel. The module automatically identifies the final channel (such as a distribution canal), assigns it net flow, start time, and end time variables, and uses a hierarchical time synthesis algorithm to take the union of all time endpoints of the direct sub-channels to generate time segments for the parent channel, ensuring time coordination across the entire channel system.

[0103] Constraint Generation Module: This module is used to construct constraints. It includes hierarchical water volume mapping, calculating the gross and net flow rates of each channel segment, considering leakage losses and working length; water level-flow constraints, calculating the upper and lower limits of the flow rates of each channel segment, coupling the lower-level inlet water level and the parent-level design water level; and time constraints, ensuring the rationality of water distribution time and the total gate opening time limit. In other words, this constraint generation module can establish hierarchical water volume mapping at the time segment scale, calculate the empirical effective working length and calculate the gross flow rate and leakage of each channel segment (corresponding to equations (1) to (3) and (15)), and generate water level-flow and time feasibility constraints based on equations (4) to (12) and (13) and (14).

[0104] Objective Construction and Optimization Solution Module: This module is used to construct a comprehensive multi-objective function and call the optimization algorithm library for solution calculation (based on equations (16) to (21)). The objective function covers five indicators: leakage rate, number of gate operations, water distribution duration, supply and demand balance, and flow stability. The module integrates various optimization algorithms (such as adaptive multi-strategy genetic algorithm, particle swarm optimization, simulated annealing, or mixed integer programming) and adopts the TOPSIS strategy for multi-objective decision optimization. During the solution process, infeasible solutions are subjected to interval projection or time period adjustment to ensure the feasibility of the solution space.

[0105] Results Output and Visualization Module: This module is used to back-calculate the gate opening (based on formulas (22) and (23)), output a detailed water distribution plan for the entire canal system (such as the segmented flow, water level and opening time history of the entire canal system), and generate multiple worksheet reports (such as the supply and demand balance check table of the final channel) that contain at least the segmented flow time history, gate opening time history, gate opening and closing times statistics, leakage loss statistics and water level boundary / constraint verification information. At the same time, it can generate topology diagrams, Gantt charts, process curves (such as the top channel flow stability evaluation curve) and statistical charts.

[0106] Therefore, the general optimized water distribution system based on multi-level canal systems proposed in this application is implemented on the processor as software functional units. Each module works collaboratively based on a unified data interface, realizing the generalized modeling and optimized scheduling of multi-level canal systems, which significantly improves water distribution efficiency and system stability.

[0107] The general optimized water distribution method based on a multi-level canal system proposed in this application involves acquiring multi-level canal network data corresponding to the target multi-level canal network to construct the corresponding canal system topology, and constructing decision variable triplets for each terminal channel based on the canal system topology. The method determines the union of all water supply time period endpoints of the direct child channels of any parent channel in the canal system topology, using the union to determine the time segment of any parent channel. Based on the decision variable triplets and time segments, a corresponding hierarchical water volume mapping relationship is established, and the net flow and gross flow of any channel are determined according to the hierarchical water volume mapping relationship. Based on multiple preset constraints, a corresponding comprehensive objective function is constructed, and the comprehensive objective function is solved using the decision variable triplets, net flow, and gross flow to obtain the water distribution variable triplets for each level of channel. Finally, a general optimized water distribution scheme corresponding to the target multi-level canal network is determined based on the water distribution variable triplets. This application can uniformly describe the multi-level canal system topology, accurately couple hydraulic constraints and operational objectives, and efficiently solve the water distribution model, thereby obtaining a theoretically optimal and engineering-feasible refined water distribution scheme.

[0108] Secondly, with reference to the accompanying drawings, a general optimized water distribution device based on a multi-level canal system proposed according to an embodiment of this application is described.

[0109] Figure 10 This is a block diagram of a general optimized water distribution device based on a multi-level canal system according to an embodiment of this application.

[0110] like Figure 10 As shown, the general-purpose optimized water distribution device 10 based on a multi-level canal system includes: a topology construction module 100, a mapping module 200, and an optimized water distribution module 300.

[0111] Among them, the topology construction module 100 is used to obtain the multi-level channel network data corresponding to the target multi-level channel network, so as to construct the corresponding channel system topology structure, and construct the decision variable triplet corresponding to each terminal channel according to the channel system topology structure.

[0112] The mapping module 200 is used to determine the union of all water supply time period endpoints of the direct child channels of any parent channel in the canal system topology, so as to determine the time segment of any parent channel through the union, and establish the corresponding hierarchical water volume mapping relationship based on the decision variable triplet and the time segment, and determine the net flow and gross flow of any channel according to the hierarchical water volume mapping relationship.

[0113] The optimized water distribution module 300 is used to construct a corresponding comprehensive objective function based on a variety of preset constraints, and solve the comprehensive objective function using decision variable triplets, net flow rate and gross flow rate to obtain water distribution variable triplets for each level of channel, and determine the general optimized water distribution scheme corresponding to the target multi-level channel network based on the water distribution variable triplets.

[0114] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, the topology construction module 100 includes: a recording unit, used to import multi-level channel network data of the target multi-level channel network, and establish a channel system topology structure represented by a node-edge graph based on the multi-level channel network data, and establish the hierarchical identifier and parent-child mapping relationship of each channel in the channel system topology structure, while recording the along-path coordinates of each sub-channel head on the corresponding parent channel.

[0115] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, the mapping module 200 includes: a summarizing unit, a sorting unit, a judging unit, a first calculation unit, a setting unit, an acquisition unit, and an analysis unit.

[0116] The summarizing unit is used to summarize the start and end times of all water supply periods of any non-terminal channel in the canal system topology, and to determine the corresponding segment boundary times based on the start and end times.

[0117] The sorting unit is used to perform preset deduplication and time sorting operations on the segment boundary time to obtain the corresponding sorting result. The sorting result is divided into multiple continuous time segments based on the time period between adjacent segment boundary times, and the multiple continuous time segments are numbered so that the time segment of the parent channel in the canal system topology is aligned with the water supply time boundary of the child channel to determine the time segment of any parent channel.

[0118] The judgment unit is used to determine the set of direct sub-channels that are in water supply status within any time segment of any parent channel, and to determine whether the set of direct sub-channels is an empty set.

[0119] The first calculation unit is used to obtain the maximum and minimum values ​​of the headway coordinates of each sub-channel in the direct sub-channel set if the direct sub-channel set is a non-empty set and the current parent channel is a final channel, and to calculate the average of the maximum and minimum values, so as to determine the channel working length of the corresponding time segment based on the average value.

[0120] The setting unit is used to set the channel working length to the target length value if the direct sub-channel set is empty.

[0121] The acquisition unit is used to acquire the actual length of the current parent channel when the current parent channel in the direct sub-channel set is the last-level channel, and determine the channel working length of the current parent channel based on the actual length.

[0122] The analysis unit is used to obtain the net flow and gross flow of each channel level in each time segment based on the channel working length and parent-child mapping relationship.

[0123] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, the general optimized water distribution device 10 based on a multi-level canal system further includes: a mapping function construction module, a determination module, a construction module, and an intersection module.

[0124] The mapping function construction module is used to establish a mapping function between channel water level and flow rate for any channel based on the preset trapezoidal cross-section Manning formula before constructing the corresponding comprehensive objective function based on multiple preset constraints. It also determines whether the set of direct sub-channels for any channel at any time segment is empty based on the mapping function.

[0125] The determination module is used to determine the minimum inflow level of the direct sub-channel corresponding to the current time segment of the current channel when the set of direct sub-channels for any time segment is a non-empty set, so as to determine the target minimum inflow depth that the current channel needs to meet in the current time segment based on the minimum inflow level.

[0126] The module is used to map the target minimum inflow depth and the preset maximum water level corresponding to the current channel to the lower and upper bounds of the gross flow rate for the current time segment, respectively, based on the mapping function, so as to construct the corresponding gross flow rate interval according to the lower and upper bounds of the gross flow rate.

[0127] The intersection module is used to determine the corresponding limited design ratio zone based on the preset minimum flow coefficient and the increased flow coefficient, and to perform an intersection operation between the limited design ratio zone and the gross flow interval to obtain the feasible range of gross flow for the current time segment, so as to determine the water level-flow constraint condition among various constraint conditions based on the feasible range of gross flow.

[0128] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, the optimized water distribution module 300 includes: a second calculation unit, a solution unit, and an inverse calculation unit.

[0129] The second calculation unit is used to calculate the total leakage of the target multi-level canal network based on the gross flow rate, working length of the canal, and duration of the time segment for each channel in each time segment. Based on the total leakage of the canal network and various constraints such as water level-flow constraint, water balance constraint, water distribution time constraint, and gate operation stability constraint, a comprehensive objective function is constructed. The solution unit is used to solve the comprehensive objective function to obtain the water distribution variable triplet of the last-level channel in the canal system topology, and to calculate the water distribution flow and start and end times of each level channel in each time segment based on the water distribution variable triplet. The back-calculation unit is used to back-calculate the gate opening degree of each level of gate in each time segment based on the water distribution flow, start and end time and preset gate parameters, combined with the preset gate outlet formula. It also generates scheduling results containing the segmented flow, water level and gate opening time history of the entire canal system based on the gate opening degree, so as to obtain the general optimized water distribution scheme corresponding to the target multi-level canal network through the scheduling results.

[0130] It should be noted that the foregoing explanation of the general optimized water distribution method embodiment based on multi-level canal system also applies to the general optimized water distribution device based on multi-level canal system in this embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0131] The general optimized water distribution device based on a multi-level canal system proposed in this application includes a topology construction module 100, used to acquire multi-level canal network data corresponding to the target multi-level canal network to construct the corresponding canal system topology, and construct decision variable triplets corresponding to each terminal channel according to the canal system topology; a mapping module 200, used to determine the union of all water supply time period endpoints of the direct child channels of any parent channel in the canal system topology, so as to determine the time segment of any parent channel through the union, and establish the corresponding hierarchical water volume mapping relationship based on the decision variable triplets and the time segment, and determine the net flow and gross flow of any channel according to the hierarchical water volume mapping relationship; and an optimized water distribution module 300, used to construct the corresponding comprehensive objective function based on a variety of preset constraints, and solve the comprehensive objective function using the decision variable triplets, net flow and gross flow to obtain the water distribution variable triplets of each level channel, and determine the general optimized water distribution scheme corresponding to the target multi-level canal network according to the water distribution variable triplets. This application can uniformly describe the topology of multi-level canal systems, accurately couple hydraulic constraints and operational objectives, and efficiently solve the water distribution model, thereby obtaining a theoretically optimal and engineering-feasible fine water distribution scheme.

[0132] Figure 11A schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. The electronic device may include: The memory 1101, the processor 1102, and the computer program stored on the memory 1101 and executable on the processor 1102.

[0133] When the processor 1102 executes the program, it implements the general optimized water distribution method based on a multi-level canal system provided in the above embodiments.

[0134] Furthermore, electronic devices also include: Communication interface 1103 is used for communication between memory 1101 and processor 1102.

[0135] The memory 1101 is used to store computer programs that can run on the processor 1102.

[0136] The memory 1101 may include high-speed RAM memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage.

[0137] If the memory 1101, processor 1102, and communication interface 1103 are implemented independently, then the communication interface 1103, memory 1101, and processor 1102 can be interconnected via a bus to complete communication between them. The bus can be an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, etc. Buses can be categorized into address buses, data buses, control buses, etc. For ease of representation, Figure 11 The bus is represented by a single thick line, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.

[0138] Optionally, in a specific implementation, if the memory 1101, processor 1102, and communication interface 1103 are integrated on a single chip, then the memory 1101, processor 1102, and communication interface 1103 can communicate with each other through an internal interface.

[0139] The processor 1102 may be a central processing unit (CPU), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the embodiments of this application.

[0140] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described general optimized water distribution method based on a multi-level canal system.

[0141] This application also provides a computer program product, including a computer program, which, when executed, is used to implement the above-described general optimized water distribution method based on a multi-level canal system.

[0142] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0143] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "N" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0144] Any process or method described in the flowchart or otherwise herein can be understood as representing a module, segment, or portion of code comprising one or N executable instructions for implementing custom logic functions or processes, and the scope of the preferred embodiments of this application includes additional implementations in which functions may be performed not in the order shown or discussed, including substantially simultaneously or in reverse order depending on the functions involved, as should be understood by those skilled in the art to which embodiments of this application pertain.

[0145] The logic and / or steps represented in the flowchart or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as a sequenced list of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, and can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device (such as a computer-based system, a processor-included system, or other system that can fetch and execute instructions from, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device). For the purposes of this specification, "computer-readable medium" can be any means that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transmit programs for use by, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of computer-readable media include: an electrical connection having one or more wires (electronic device), a portable computer disk drive (magnetic device), random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable and editable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), fiber optic devices, and portable optical disc read-only memory (CDROM). Alternatively, the computer-readable medium may be paper or other suitable media on which the program can be printed, since the program can be obtained electronically by optically scanning the paper or other medium, followed by editing, interpreting, or otherwise processing as necessary, and then stored in a computer memory.

[0146] It should be understood that the various parts of this application can be implemented using hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, the N steps or methods can be implemented using software or firmware stored in memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. If implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, it can be implemented using any one or a combination of the following techniques known in the art: discrete logic circuits having logic gates for implementing logical functions on data signals, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) having suitable combinational logic gates, programmable gate arrays (PGAs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), etc.

[0147] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps of the methods in the above embodiments can be implemented by a program instructing related hardware. The program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, the program includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiments.

[0148] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into a processing module, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into a module. The integrated module can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional module. If the integrated module is implemented as a software functional module and sold or used as an independent product, it can also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.

[0149] The storage medium mentioned above can be a read-only memory, a disk, or an optical disk, etc. Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting this application. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A general optimized water distribution method based on a multi-level canal system, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Acquire multi-level channel network data corresponding to the target multi-level channel network to construct the corresponding channel system topology, and construct decision variable triples corresponding to each terminal channel based on the channel system topology; The union of all water supply time period endpoints of the direct child channels of any parent channel in the canal system topology is determined, so as to determine the time segment of any parent channel through the union. Based on the decision variable triples and the time segments, a corresponding hierarchical water volume mapping relationship is established, and the net flow and gross flow of any channel are determined according to the hierarchical water volume mapping relationship. Based on a variety of preset constraints, a corresponding comprehensive objective function is constructed. The comprehensive objective function is then solved using the decision variable triplet, the net flow rate, and the gross flow rate to obtain the water distribution variable triplet for each level of channel. Based on the water distribution variable triplet, a general optimized water distribution scheme corresponding to the target multi-level channel network is determined.

2. The general optimized water distribution method based on a multi-level canal system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of acquiring multi-level channel network data corresponding to the target multi-level channel network to construct the corresponding channel system topology, and constructing decision variable triples for each terminal channel based on the channel system topology, includes: Import the multi-level canal network data of the target multi-level canal network, and establish a canal system topology structure represented by a node-edge graph based on the multi-level canal network data. Establish the hierarchical identifier and parent-child mapping relationship of each channel in the canal system topology structure, and record the coordinates of the head of each sub-channel along the corresponding parent channel.

3. The general optimized water distribution method based on a multi-level canal system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The process of determining the union of all water supply time period endpoints of the direct child channels of any parent channel in the canal system topology, using the union to determine the time segment of any parent channel, and establishing a corresponding hierarchical water volume mapping relationship based on the decision variable triples and the time segment, and determining the net flow and gross flow of any channel according to the hierarchical water volume mapping relationship, includes: The start and end times of all water supply periods of any non-terminal channel in the canal system topology are summarized, and the corresponding segment boundary times are determined based on the start and end times. The segment boundary times are subjected to preset deduplication and time sorting operations to obtain the corresponding sorting results. The sorting results are divided into multiple continuous time segments based on the time period between adjacent segment boundary times, and the multiple continuous time segments are numbered so that the time segments of the parent channel in the canal system topology are aligned with the water supply time period boundaries of the child channel to determine the time segment of any parent channel. Determine the set of direct child channels that are in water supply state within any time segment of any parent channel, and determine whether the set of direct child channels is an empty set; If the set of direct sub-channels is a non-empty set, and the current parent channel is a final channel, then obtain the maximum and minimum values ​​of the head-of-channel coordinates of each sub-channel in the set of direct sub-channels, and calculate the average of the maximum and minimum values, so as to determine the channel working length of the corresponding time segment based on the average value. If the set of direct sub-channels is empty, then the channel working length is set to the target length value; When the current parent channel in the set of direct sub-channels is the last-level channel, the actual length of the current parent channel is obtained, and the channel working length of the current parent channel is determined based on the actual length; Within each time segment, based on the channel working length and the parent-child mapping relationship, the net flow and gross flow of each level of channel in each time segment are obtained.

4. The general optimized water distribution method based on a multi-level canal system according to claim 3, characterized in that, Before constructing the corresponding comprehensive objective function based on a variety of preset constraints, the following steps are also included: Based on the pre-defined trapezoidal cross-section Manning formula, a mapping function between channel water level and flow rate for any channel is established, and the direct sub-channel set for any time segment of any channel is determined according to the mapping function. When the set of direct sub-channels in any time segment is a non-empty set, the minimum inflow level of the direct sub-channel corresponding to the current time segment of the current channel is determined, so as to determine the target minimum inflow depth that the current channel needs to meet in the current time segment based on the minimum inflow level. Based on the mapping function, the target minimum inflow depth and the preset maximum water level corresponding to the current channel are respectively mapped to the lower bound and upper bound of the gross flow rate of the current time segment, so as to construct the corresponding gross flow rate interval according to the lower bound and upper bound of the gross flow rate. Based on the preset minimum flow coefficient and the increased flow coefficient, the corresponding limited design ratio zone is determined, and the intersection operation of the limited design ratio zone and the gross flow interval is performed to obtain the feasible range of gross flow for the current time segment, so as to determine the water level-flow constraint condition among the various constraint conditions according to the feasible range of gross flow.

5. The general optimized water distribution method based on a multi-level canal system according to claim 4, characterized in that, Based on multiple preset constraints, a corresponding comprehensive objective function is constructed. The comprehensive objective function is then solved using the decision variable triplets, the net flow rate, and the gross flow rate to obtain the water allocation variable triplets for each channel level. Furthermore, a general optimized water allocation scheme corresponding to the target multi-level canal network is determined based on the water allocation variable triplets, including: The total leakage of the target multi-level canal network is calculated based on the gross flow rate, working length of the canal, and duration of the time segment for each channel in each time segment. The comprehensive objective function is then constructed based on the total leakage of the canal network and the water level-flow constraint, water balance constraint, water distribution time constraint, and gate operation stability constraint among the various constraints. Solve the comprehensive objective function to obtain the water distribution variable triplet of the last-level channel in the canal system topology, and calculate the water distribution flow and start and end times of each level channel in each time segment based on the water distribution variable triplet. Based on the water distribution flow rate, the start and end times, and the preset gate parameters, combined with the preset gate outflow formula, the gate opening degree of each level of gate in each time segment is calculated in reverse. Based on the gate opening degree, a scheduling result containing the segmented flow rate, water level, and gate opening time history of the entire canal system is generated, so as to obtain the general optimized water distribution scheme corresponding to the target multi-level canal network through the scheduling result.

6. A universal optimized water distribution device based on a multi-level canal system, characterized in that, include: The topology construction module is used to acquire multi-level channel network data corresponding to the target multi-level channel network, so as to construct the corresponding channel system topology structure, and construct the decision variable triplet corresponding to each terminal channel according to the channel system topology structure. The mapping module is used to determine the union of all water supply time period endpoints of the direct child channels of any parent channel in the canal system topology, so as to determine the time segment of any parent channel through the union, and establish a corresponding hierarchical water volume mapping relationship based on the decision variable triplet and the time segment, and determine the net flow and gross flow of any channel according to the hierarchical water volume mapping relationship. The water distribution optimization module is used to construct a corresponding comprehensive objective function based on a variety of preset constraints, and solve the comprehensive objective function using the decision variable triplet, the net flow rate, and the gross flow rate to obtain the water distribution variable triplet for each level of channel, and determine the general optimized water distribution scheme corresponding to the target multi-level channel network based on the water distribution variable triplet.

7. The universal optimized water distribution device based on a multi-level canal system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The topology construction module includes: The recording unit is used to import the multi-level channel network data of the target multi-level channel network, establish a channel system topology structure represented by a node-edge graph based on the multi-level channel network data, establish the hierarchical identifier and parent-child mapping relationship of each channel in the channel system topology structure, and record the coordinates of each sub-channel head along the corresponding parent channel.

8. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: The memory, the processor, and the computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, the processor executing the program to implement the general optimized water distribution method based on a multi-level canal system as described in any one of claims 1-5.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, The program is executed by the processor to implement the general optimized water distribution method based on a multi-level canal system as described in any one of claims 1-5.

10. A computer program product, comprising a computer program, characterized in that, The computer program is executed to implement the general optimized water distribution method based on a multi-level canal system as described in any one of claims 1-5.

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