Network node and communication method

Abstract

The network node has a reception section that receives a message from a second terminal requesting connection to a first terminal, a control section that routes the connection from the second terminal to a network terminal of the first terminal disposed in a data network (DN), and a transmission section that notifies the second terminal of the communication with the network terminal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to network nodes and communication methods in communication systems. Background Technology

[0002] Within the 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project), research was conducted on a wireless communication method known as 5G or NR (New Radio) to further increase system capacity, accelerate data transmission speeds, and reduce latency in the radio space. In 5G, various wireless technologies were researched to meet the requirement of achieving throughput of over 10Gbps while maintaining latency below 1ms in the radio space.

[0003] In NR, a network architecture including 5GC (5G Core Network) and NG-RAN (Next Generation-Radio Access Network) is being studied. The 5GC (5G Core Network) corresponds to the core network EPC (Evolved Packet Core) in the LTE (Long Term Evolution) network architecture, and the NG-RAN (Next Generation-Radio Access Network) corresponds to the RAN (Radio Access Network) E-UTRAN (Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network) in the LTE network architecture (e.g., Non-Patent Literature 1 and Non-Patent Literature 2).

[0004] Existing technical documents

[0005] Non-patent literature

[0006] Non-patent document 1: 3GPP TS 23.501 V18.4.0 (2023-12)

[0007] Non-patent document 2: 3GPP TS 23.502 V18.4.0 (2023-12)

[0008] Non-patent document 3: 3GPP TS 23.228 V18.4.0 (2023-12) Summary of the Invention

[0009] The problem that the invention aims to solve

[0010] For smartphones or IoT (Internet of Things) devices to communicate, their location information needs to be registered from an efficiency standpoint. Upon initiating communication, after registering the location information with a server, voice or data communication can be utilized. However, when network congestion occurs due to an increase in location registrations from various terminals for any reason, communication failures may occur.

[0011] In this context, the next generation of wireless communication systems will see a dramatic increase in the number of terminals or sensors. As the number of terminals increases, so does the number of location registration signals, leading to a greater risk of communication failures.

[0012] The present invention was made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and its object is to reduce the load on the network related to location registration in a wireless communication system.

[0013] Methods for solving problems

[0014] According to the disclosed technology, a network node is provided, comprising: a receiving unit that receives a message from a second terminal requesting a connection with a first terminal; a control unit that routes the connection from the second terminal to a network terminal of the first terminal configured in a data network (DN); and a sending unit that notifies the second terminal that communication with the network terminal has commenced.

[0015] Invention Effects

[0016] According to the disclosed technology, the load on the network related to location registration can be reduced in wireless communication systems. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a diagram used to illustrate an example of a communication system.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a diagram used to illustrate an example of a communication system in a roaming environment.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a diagram illustrating an example (1) of communication in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a diagram illustrating an example (2) of communication in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the functional structure of base station 10 in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the functional structure of terminal 20 in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 7 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the hardware structure of the base station 10 and the terminal 20 in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 8 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the structure of a vehicle 2001 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0025] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Furthermore, the embodiments described below are examples, and the application of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described below.

[0026] In the operation of the wireless communication system according to embodiments of the present invention, existing technologies are appropriately used. These existing technologies include, for example, existing LTE, but are not limited to, existing LTE. Furthermore, unless otherwise stated, the term "LTE" as used herein has a broad meaning that includes LTE-Advanced and later versions (e.g., NR), or wireless LAN (Local Area Network).

[0027] In addition, in embodiments of the present invention, the “configure” wireless parameters can be pre-configured predetermined values, or wireless parameters notified from network node 30 or terminal 20.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a diagram used to illustrate an example of a communication system. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the communication system consists of a UE (User Equipment) as terminal 20 and multiple network nodes 30. Hereinafter, each function is assumed to correspond to one network node 30, but multiple functions can be implemented by one network node 30, or one function can be implemented by multiple network nodes 30. Furthermore, the term "connection" as used below can refer to either a logical connection or a physical connection.

[0029] The RAN (Radio Access Network) is a network node 30 with radio access capabilities, and may also include a base station 10. It connects to the UE, AMF (Access and Mobility Management Function), and UPF (User Plane Function). The AMF is a network node 30 with functions such as RAN interface termination, NAS (Non-Access Stratum) termination, registration management, connection management, reachability management, and mobility management. The UPF is a network node 30 interconnected with the DN (Data Network) and has functions such as external PDU (Protocol Data Unit) session points, packet routing and forwarding, and user plane QoS (Quality of Service) processing. The UPF and DN constitute a network slice. In the wireless communication network of this embodiment, multiple network slices can also be constructed.

[0030] The AMF connects with the UE, RAN, SMF (Session Management function), NSSF (Network Slice Selection Function), NEF (Network Exposure Function), NRF (Network Repository Function), UDM (Unified Data Management), ASF (Authentication Server Function), PCF (Policy Control Function), and AF (Application Function). AMF, SMF, NSSF, NEF, NRF, UDM, ASF, PCF, and AF are interconnected network nodes 30 via interfaces based on their respective services: Namf, Nsmf, Nnssf, Nnef, Nnrf, Nudm, Nausf, Npcf, and Naf.

[0031] The SMF (Service Provider Function) is a network node 30 with functions such as session management, UE IP (Internet Protocol) address allocation and management, DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) functionality, ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) proxy, and roaming capabilities. The NEF (Network Function Provider Function) is a network node 30 with the ability to notify other NFs (Network Functions) of events. The NSSF (Network Slice Selection Assistance Information) is a network node 30 with functions such as selecting the network slice to which the UE connects, determining the authorized NSSAI (Network Slice Selection Assistance Information), determining the configured NSSAI, and determining the AMF set to which the UE connects. The PCF (Public Configuration Function Provider Function) is a network node 30 with the function of performing network policy control. The AF (Application Provider Function) is a network node 30 with the function of controlling application servers. The NRF (Network Provider Function) is a network node 30 with the function of discovering NF instances that provide services. The UDM (User Data Repository) is a network node 30 that manages subscriber data and authentication data. The UDM is connected to the UDR (User Data Repository) that maintains this data.

[0032] Figure 2 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a communication system in a roaming environment. For example... Figure 2 As shown, the network consists of a UE (User Equipment) as terminal 20 and multiple network nodes 30. Hereinafter, each function is assumed to correspond to one network node 30, but multiple functions can be implemented by one network node 30, or one function can be implemented by multiple network nodes 30. Furthermore, the term "connection" as used below can refer to either a logical connection or a physical connection.

[0033] The RAN is a network node 30 with wireless access capabilities, connected to the UE, AMF, and UPF. The AMF is a network node 30 with functions such as RAN interface termination, NAS termination, registration management, connection management, reachability management, and mobility management. The UPF is a network node 30 interconnected with the DN, with functions such as external PDU session points, packet routing and forwarding, and user plane QoS processing. The UPF and DN constitute a network slice. In the wireless communication network of this embodiment, multiple network slices are constructed.

[0034] AMF connects to UE, RAN, SMF, NSSF, NEF, NRF, UDM, AUSF, PCF, AF, and SEPP (Security Edge Protection Proxy). AMF, SMF, NSSF, NEF, NRF, UDM, AUSF, PCF, and AF are network nodes 30 interconnected via interfaces based on their respective services: Namf, Nsmf, Nnssf, Nnef, Nnrf, Nudm, Nausf, Npcf, and Naf.

[0035] The SMF (Service Provider Function) is a network node 30 with functions such as session management, UE IP address allocation and management, DHCP, ARP proxy, and roaming. The NEF (Network Element Function) is a network node 30 with the ability to notify other NFs and handle events. The NSSF (Network Node SF) is a network node 30 with functions such as selecting the network slice to which the UE connects, determining the authorized NSSAI (Network Service Identity), determining the configured NSSAI, and determining the AMF set to which the UE connects. The PCF (Network Node SF) is a network node 30 with the function of performing network policy control. The AF (Application Provider Function) is a network node 30 with the function of controlling application servers. The NRF (Network Node RF) is a network node 30 with the function of discovering NF instances that provide services. The SEPP (Secure Provider Proxy) is a non-transparent proxy used to filter control plane messages between PLMNs (Public Land Mobile Networks). Figure 2 The vSEPP shown is the SEPP in the visited network, and the hSEPP is the SEPP in the home network.

[0036] like Figure 2 As shown, the UE is in a roaming environment within a VPLMN (Visited PLMN) connected to the RAN and AMF. The VPLMN and HPLMN (Home PLMN) are connected via vSEPP and hSEPP, respectively. The UE can, for example, communicate with the UDM of the HPLMN via the AMF of the VPLMN.

[0037] For smartphones or IoT (Internet of Things) devices to communicate, their location information needs to be registered from an efficiency standpoint. Upon initiating communication, after registering the location information with a server, voice or data communication can be utilized. However, when network congestion occurs due to an increase in location registrations from various terminals for any reason, communication failures may occur.

[0038] In this context, the next generation of wireless communication systems will see a dramatic increase in the number of terminals or sensors. As the number of terminals increases, so does the number of location registration signals, leading to a greater risk of communication failures.

[0039] As a countermeasure, omitting location registration is considered. However, it is necessary to be able to initiate communication, i.e., network opportunity communication, even if terminal 20 has not registered its location.

[0040] Figure 3 This is a diagram illustrating an example (1) of communication in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 As shown, a real terminal creates its own cyber terminal in cyberspace. For example, the cyber terminal can also be configured to perform communication on a data channel application server (DC Application Server, see Non-Patent Document 3). For example, the cyber terminal can also be configured on an IMS (Internet Protocol Multimedia Subsystem) data channel. For example, the cyber terminal can also be configured on a DN (Data Network). The storage location of the cyber terminal within cyberspace can also be fixed.

[0041] The network terminal receives the call and performs the necessary communication. The real terminal accesses the network terminal to synchronize information. Regarding connections from network terminal to network terminal, since the network terminal's storage location is fixed, location registration is not required. Regarding communication from real terminal to network terminal, since the network terminal's storage location is fixed, location registration is not required. On the other hand, regarding communication from real terminal to real terminal, location registration is required for the call. Furthermore, the network terminal can also have the capability to perform the same communication as the real terminal.

[0042] Figure 4 This is a diagram illustrating example (2) of communication in an embodiment of the present invention. In step S101, UE#A (the real terminal) sends a service request for the initial creation of a network terminal to CN (Core Network) via RAN. In step S102, CN performs authentication and accounting related to UE#A (the real terminal). In step S103, UE#A (the real terminal) creates its own digital twin, i.e., the network terminal of UE#A, and sends it to DN via RAN. Alternatively, the network terminal of UE#A can be created on DN based on a request from UE#A.

[0043] In step S104, the DN stores the network terminal of UE#A and notifies the CN of the storage location. In step S105, the CN maintains the storage location of the network terminal of UE#A. Alternatively, steps S101 to S105 can be defined as the initial upload process.

[0044] In step S106, UE#B (the real terminal) sends a service request to CN via RAN, requesting communication with UE#A. In step S107, CN performs authentication and accounting related to UE#B. In step S108, CN routes the communication from UE#B (the real terminal) to UE#A (the network terminal). In step S109, UE#B (the real terminal) is notified that communication with the network terminal has commenced. In step S110, UE#B (the real terminal) and UE#A (the network terminal) perform communication. Steps S106 to S110 can also be defined as a communication process.

[0045] In step S111, UE#A (the real terminal) sends a synchronization service request to CN via RAN. In step S112, CN performs authentication and accounting related to UE#A. In step S113, CN routes communication from UE#A (the real terminal) to UE#A (the network terminal). In step S114, synchronization between UE#A (the real terminal) and UE#A (the network terminal) is performed. Alternatively, steps S111 to S114 can be defined as a synchronization process.

[0046] Alternatively, UE#A (real), UE#B (real), RAN, and CN can be defined as the real space. CN and DN can also be defined as the network space. Furthermore, a CN can consist of one or more network nodes.

[0047] For example, synchronization between physical terminals and network terminals can be performed periodically. This period can be determined based on the services being performed in the real space. Additionally, terminals related to services requiring real-time performance can shorten this period or perform location registration. For instance, if an anomaly is detected in a physical terminal that is considered difficult to approximate, synchronization with the network terminal can be performed without waiting for the period.

[0048] According to the above embodiments, invocation is possible even if location registration is omitted. Furthermore, the paging signal required for invocation can be omitted. Broadcast paging such as ETWS can continue. Additionally, since the synchronization between the physical terminal and the network terminal is assumed to be performed periodically, resources in the physical space can be secured in a planned manner.

[0049] That is, in wireless communication systems, it is possible to reduce the load on networks related to location registration.

[0050] (Device structure)

[0051] Next, an example of the functional structure of the base station 10, network node 30, and terminal 20 implementing the processes and actions described above will be explained. The base station 10, network node 30, and terminal 20 include the functions implemented in the above embodiments. However, the base station 10, network node 30, and terminal 20 may each possess only a portion of the functions described in the embodiments.

[0052] <Base station 10 and network node 30>

[0053] Figure 5 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the functional structure of base station 10. (As shown...) Figure 5 As shown, the base station 10 includes a transmitting unit 110, a receiving unit 120, a setting unit 130, and a control unit 140. Figure 5 The functional structure shown is only one example. The functional distinctions and names of the functional units can be arbitrary, as long as the actions involved in the embodiments of the present invention can be implemented. Furthermore, the network node 30 may also have the same functional structure as the base station 10. Additionally, the system architecture may consist of multiple network nodes 30 with different functions, or multiple network nodes 30 separated by function.

[0054] The transmitting unit 110 includes the function of generating a signal to be transmitted to the terminal 20 or other network node 30 and transmitting the signal in a wired or wireless manner. The receiving unit 120 includes the function of receiving various signals transmitted from the terminal 20 or other network node 30 and obtaining, for example, higher-level information from the received signals.

[0055] The setting unit 130 stores pre-set setting information and various setting information sent to the terminal 20 in a storage device, and reads it from the storage device as needed. The content of the setting information is, for example, the operation-related settings described in the embodiment.

[0056] As described in the embodiment, the control unit 140 performs the operation-related processing described in the embodiment. Additionally, the control unit 140 performs processing related to communication with the terminal 20. Alternatively, the signal transmission-related functions of the control unit 140 may be included in the transmitting unit 110, and the signal reception-related functions of the control unit 140 may be included in the receiving unit 120.

[0057] Terminal 20

[0058] Figure 6 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the functional structure of terminal 20. (As shown...) Figure 6 As shown, the terminal 20 includes a transmitting unit 210, a receiving unit 220, a setting unit 230, and a control unit 240. Figure 6The functional structure shown is only one example. The functional divisions and names of the functional units can be arbitrary, as long as the actions involved in the embodiments of this invention can be implemented.

[0059] The transmitting unit 210 generates a transmission signal based on the transmission data and transmits the transmission signal wirelessly. The receiving unit 220 wirelessly receives various signals and obtains higher-layer signals from the received physical layer signals. In addition, the receiving unit 220 has the function of receiving NR-PSS, NR-SSS, NR-PBCH, DL / UL control signals or reference signals, etc., transmitted from the network node 30.

[0060] The setting unit 230 stores various setting information received by the receiving unit 220 from the network node 30 in a storage device, and reads it from the storage device as needed. In addition, the setting unit 230 also stores preset setting information. The content of the setting information includes, for example, operation-related settings as described in the embodiment.

[0061] As described in the embodiments, the control unit 240 performs the operation-related processing described in the embodiments. Additionally, the control unit 240 performs processing related to capacity enhancement cells. Alternatively, the signal transmission-related functions of the control unit 240 may be included in the transmitting unit 210, and the signal reception-related functions of the control unit 240 may be included in the receiving unit 220.

[0062] (Hardware structure)

[0063] The block diagrams used in the description of the above embodiments ( Figure 5 and Figure 6 The diagram illustrates blocks organized by function. These functional blocks (structural units) are implemented through any combination of at least one of hardware and software. Furthermore, there are no particular limitations on the implementation method of each functional block. That is, each functional block can be implemented using a single device that is physically or logically combined, or by directly or indirectly (e.g., using wired, wireless, etc.) connecting two or more physically or logically separate devices. Functional blocks can also be implemented by combining software within one or more of the aforementioned devices.

[0064] The functions include judgment, decision, determination, calculation, calculation, processing, derivation, investigation, search, confirmation, receiving, sending, output, access, resolution, selection, selection, establishment, comparison, assumption, expectation, consideration, broadcasting, notifying, communicating, forwarding, configuring, reconfiguring, allocating, mapping, and assigning, but are not limited to these. For example, the functional block (structural part) that performs the sending function is called the transmitting unit or transmitter. In short, as mentioned above, there are no particular limitations on the implementation method.

[0065] For example, in one embodiment of this disclosure, network node 30, terminal 20, etc., can also function as a computer for processing the wireless communication method of this disclosure. Figure 7 This diagram illustrates an example of the hardware structure of a base station 10 and a terminal 20 according to one embodiment of this disclosure. The network node 30 may also have the same hardware structure as the base station 10. The base station 10 and terminal 20 can be configured as a computer device that physically includes a processor 1001, a storage device 1002, an auxiliary storage device 1003, a communication device 1004, an input device 1005, an output device 1006, and a bus 1007, etc.

[0066] Furthermore, in the following description, the term "device" can be replaced with "circuit," "device," "unit," etc. The hardware structure of base station 10 and terminal 20 can be configured to include one or more of the devices shown in the figures, or it can be configured to not include any of them.

[0067] The functions of base station 10 and terminal 20 are implemented by reading predetermined software (program) into hardware such as processor 1001 and storage device 1002, so that processor 1001 performs calculations and controls the communication of communication device 1004 or controls at least one of reading and writing data in storage device 1002 and auxiliary storage device 1003.

[0068] The processor 1001 controls the computer as a whole by instructing the operating system to operate. The processor 1001 may also be a central processing unit (CPU) that includes interfaces with peripheral devices, control units, arithmetic units, registers, etc. For example, the control unit 140 and control unit 240 described above can also be implemented using the processor 1001.

[0069] Additionally, the processor 1001 reads programs (program code), software modules, or data from at least one of the auxiliary storage devices 1003 and communication devices 1004, and performs various processes accordingly. As a program, a program is used that causes the computer to perform at least a portion of the actions described in the above embodiments. For example, Figure 5 The control unit 140 of the base station 10 shown can also be implemented by a control program stored in the storage device 1002 and operated in the processor 1001. Alternatively, for example, Figure 6 The control unit 240 of the terminal 20 shown can also be implemented by a control program stored in the storage device 1002 and operated in the processor 1001. Although it has been described that the various processes described above are executed by one processor 1001, the various processes described above can also be executed simultaneously or sequentially by two or more processors 1001. The processor 1001 can also be implemented by one or more chips. In addition, the program can also be sent from the network via a telecommunications line.

[0070] Storage device 1002 is a computer-readable recording medium, and may be composed of at least one of ROM (Read Only Memory), EPROM (Erasable Programmable ROM), EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable ROM), RAM (Random Access Memory), etc. Storage device 1002 may also be referred to as a register, cache, main memory (main storage device), etc. Storage device 1002 can store programs (program code), software modules, etc., that are executable for implementing the communication method according to one embodiment of this disclosure.

[0071] The auxiliary storage device 1003 is a computer-readable recording medium, such as at least one of the following: CD-ROM (CompactDisc ROM) or other optical discs, hard disks, floppy disks, magneto-optical discs (e.g., compact discs, digital multifunction discs, Blu-ray discs), smart cards, flash memory (e.g., cards, sticks, key drives), floppy disks, magnetic stripes, etc. The aforementioned storage medium may, for example, be a database, server, or other suitable media that includes at least one of the storage device 1002 and the auxiliary storage device 1003.

[0072] Communication device 1004 is hardware (transceiver) used for communication between computers via at least one of a wired network and a wireless network. It is also referred to as a network device, network controller, network interface card (NIC), communication module, etc. Communication device 1004 may, for example, be configured to include high-frequency switches, duplexers, filters, frequency synthesizers, etc., to implement at least one of frequency division duplex (FDD) and time division duplex (TDD). For example, transceiver antennas, amplifiers, transceiver units, transmission path interfaces, etc., can also be implemented using communication device 1004. The transceiver unit may also be physically or logically separated into a transmitting unit and a receiving unit.

[0073] Input device 1005 is an input device that accepts input from external sources (e.g., keyboard, mouse, microphone, switch, button, sensor, etc.). Output device 1006 is an output device that performs output to external sources (e.g., display, speaker, LED, etc.). Furthermore, input device 1005 and output device 1006 can also be integrated (e.g., a touch panel).

[0074] Furthermore, the processor 1001 and storage device 1002, among other devices, are connected via a bus 1007 for communicating information. The bus 1007 can be configured as a single bus or as different buses used between devices.

[0075] Furthermore, the base station 10 and the terminal 20 can be configured to include hardware such as a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), a PLD (Programmable Logic Device), or a FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), and can also use this hardware to implement part or all of the functional blocks. For example, the processor 1001 can also be implemented using at least one of these hardware components.

[0076] Figure 8 An example of the structure of vehicle 2001 is shown. For example... Figure 8As shown, the vehicle 2001 includes a drive unit 2002, a steering unit 2003, an accelerator pedal 2004, a brake pedal 2005, a gearshift lever 2006, front wheels 2007, rear wheels 2008, an axle 2009, an electronic control unit 2010, various sensors 2021-2029, an information service unit 2012, and a communication module 2013. The various forms / implementations described in this disclosure can also be applied to communication devices mounted on the vehicle 2001, for example, to the communication module 2013.

[0077] The drive unit 2002 may be composed, for example, an engine, a motor, or a hybrid power system of an engine and a motor. The steering unit 2003 includes at least a steering wheel (also called a steering wheel) and is configured to steer at least one of the front wheels and the rear wheels based on the operation of the steering wheel operated by the user.

[0078] The electronic control unit 2010 consists of a microprocessor 2031, a memory (ROM, RAM) 2032, and a communication port (I / O port) 2033. Signals from various sensors 2021 to 2029 of the vehicle 2001 are input to the electronic control unit 2010. The electronic control unit 2010 can also be referred to as an ECU (Electronic Control Unit).

[0079] The signals from various sensors 2021 to 2029 include current signals from current sensor 2021 that senses the current of the motor, speed signals of the front or rear wheels obtained by speed sensor 2022, air pressure signals of the front or rear wheels obtained by air pressure sensor 2023, vehicle speed signals obtained by vehicle speed sensor 2024, acceleration signals obtained by acceleration sensor 2025, accelerator pedal depress signal obtained by accelerator pedal sensor 2029, brake pedal depress signal obtained by brake pedal sensor 2026, gear lever operation signals obtained by gear lever sensor 2027, and detection signals obtained by object detection sensor 2028 for detecting obstacles, vehicles, pedestrians, etc.

[0080] The Information Service Unit 2012 consists of various devices such as a car navigation system, audio system, speakers, television, and radio, which provide various information such as driving information, traffic information, and entertainment information, and one or more ECUs that control these devices. The Information Service Unit 2012 uses information obtained from external devices via communication modules 2013, etc., to provide various multimedia information and multimedia services to the occupants of the vehicle 2001.

[0081] The Driver Assistance System 2030 comprises various devices used to prevent accidents or reduce driver workload, such as millimeter-wave radar, LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging), cameras, positioning devices (e.g., GNSS), map information (e.g., high-definition (HD) maps, autonomous vehicle (AV) maps), gyroscope systems (e.g., IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit), INS (Inertial Navigation System)), AI (Artificial Intelligence) chips, and AI processors, as well as one or more ECUs that control these devices. Furthermore, the Driver Assistance System 2030 transmits and receives various information via the communication module 2013 to achieve driver assistance or autonomous driving functions.

[0082] The communication module 2013 can communicate with the microprocessor 2031 and the components of the vehicle 2001 via the communication port. For example, the communication module 2013 can send and receive data with the drive unit 2002, steering unit 2003, accelerator pedal 2004, brake pedal 2005, gear shift lever 2006, front wheel 2007, rear wheel 2008, axle 2009, microprocessor 2031 in the electronic control unit 2010, memory (ROM, RAM) 2032, and sensors 2021 to 2029 in the vehicle 2001 via the communication port 2033.

[0083] The communication module 2013, controlled by the microprocessor 2031 of the electronic control unit 2010, is a communication device capable of communicating with external devices. For example, it can transmit and receive various types of information with external devices via wireless communication. The communication module 2013 can be located inside or outside the electronic control unit 2010. External devices can be, for example, base stations, mobile stations, etc.

[0084] The communication module 2013 transmits current signals from the current sensor, which are input to the electronic control unit 2010, to an external device via wireless communication. Additionally, the communication module 2013 also transmits to the external device via wireless communication the following signals input to the electronic control unit 2010: front and rear wheel speed signals obtained by the speed sensor 2022; front and rear wheel air pressure signals obtained by the air pressure sensor 2023; vehicle speed signals obtained by the vehicle speed sensor 2024; acceleration signals obtained by the acceleration sensor 2025; accelerator pedal depressor signals obtained by the accelerator pedal sensor 2029; brake pedal depressor signals obtained by the brake pedal sensor 2026; gear shift lever operation signals obtained by the gear shift lever sensor 2027; and detection signals for detecting obstacles, vehicles, pedestrians, etc., obtained by the object detection sensor 2028.

[0085] The communication module 2013 receives various information (traffic information, signal information, vehicle-to-vehicle information, etc.) sent from external devices and displays it on the information service unit 2012 of the vehicle 2001. Furthermore, the communication module 2013 stores the various information received from external devices in a memory 2032 available to the microprocessor 2031. The microprocessor 2031 can also control the drive unit 2002, steering unit 2003, accelerator pedal 2004, brake pedal 2005, gearshift lever 2006, front wheels 2007, rear wheels 2008, axles 2009, and sensors 2021-2029 of the vehicle 2001 based on the information stored in the memory 2032.

[0086] (Summary of implementation methods)

[0087] As described above, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a network node is provided, comprising: a receiving unit that receives a message from a second terminal requesting a connection with a first terminal; a control unit that routes the connection from the second terminal to a network terminal of the first terminal configured in a data network (DN); and a sending unit that notifies the second terminal that communication with the network terminal has commenced.

[0088] Based on the above structure, invocation is possible even if location registration is omitted. Furthermore, the paging signal required for invocation can be omitted. Additionally, since the synchronization between the real terminal and the network terminal is assumed to be performed periodically, real-world resources can be secured in a planned manner. That is, in wireless communication systems, the network load related to location registration can be reduced.

[0089] Alternatively, the receiving unit may receive a message from the first terminal requesting the creation of the network terminal. According to this structure, invocation is possible even if location registration is omitted. Furthermore, the paging signal required for invocation can be omitted. Additionally, since the synchronization between the real terminal and the network terminal is assumed to be performed periodically, real-world resources can be systematically secured.

[0090] Alternatively, the receiving unit may receive information indicating the storage location of the network terminal from the DN. According to this structure, retrieval is possible even if location registration is omitted. Furthermore, the paging signal required for retrieval can be omitted. Additionally, since the synchronization between the physical terminal and the network terminal is assumed to be performed periodically, real-world space resources can be systematically secured.

[0091] Alternatively, the receiving unit may receive a message from the first terminal requesting synchronization with the network terminal. According to this structure, invocation is possible even if location registration is omitted. Furthermore, the paging signal required for invocation can be omitted. Additionally, since the synchronization between the real terminal and the network terminal is assumed to be performed periodically, real-world resources can be systematically secured.

[0092] Alternatively, the control unit can route the connection from the first terminal to the network terminal. According to this structure, invocation is possible even if location registration is omitted. Furthermore, the paging signal required for invocation can be omitted. Additionally, since the synchronization between the real terminal and the network terminal is assumed to be performed periodically, real-world resources can be systematically secured.

[0093] In addition, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a communication method is provided, wherein a network node performs the following process: receiving a message from a second terminal requesting a connection with a first terminal; routing the connection from the second terminal to a network terminal of the first terminal configured in a data network, i.e., a DN; and notifying the second terminal that communication with the network terminal has commenced.

[0094] Based on the above structure, invocation is possible even if location registration is omitted. Furthermore, the paging signal required for invocation can be omitted. Additionally, since the synchronization between the real terminal and the network terminal is assumed to be performed periodically, real-world resources can be secured in a planned manner. That is, in wireless communication systems, the network load related to location registration can be reduced.

[0095] (Supplement to the implementation method)

[0096] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above, but the disclosed invention is not limited to such embodiments. Those skilled in the art should understand various modifications, alterations, substitutions, and replacements. Specific numerical examples have been used to facilitate understanding of the invention, but unless otherwise specified, these values ​​are merely examples, and any appropriate values ​​may be used. The distinctions between items in the above description are not essential to the present invention. Items described in two or more items may be combined as needed, and items described in one item may be applied to items described in another item (as long as there is no contradiction). The boundaries of functional units or processing units in the functional block diagram do not necessarily correspond to the boundaries of physical components. Multiple functional units may be operated by a single physical component, or a single functional unit may be operated by multiple physical components. Regarding the processing described in the embodiments, the order of processing may be interchanged unless there is a contradiction. For ease of explanation, a functional block diagram is used to illustrate network node 30 and terminal 20, but such a device may also be implemented by hardware, software, or a combination thereof. Software operating according to embodiments of the present invention via a processor of network node 30 and software operating according to embodiments of the present invention via a processor of terminal 20 may also be stored in random access memory (RAM), flash memory, read-only memory (ROM), EPROM, EEPROM, registers, hard disk (HDD), removable disk, CD-ROM, database, server, and other suitable storage media, respectively.

[0097] Furthermore, the notification of information is not limited to the forms / implementations described in this disclosure, and other methods may also be used. For example, information notification may be implemented through physical layer signaling (e.g., DCI (Downlink Control Information), UCI (Uplink Control Information)), higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC (Radio Resource Control) signaling, MAC (Medium Access Control) signaling, broadcast information (MIB (Master Information Block), SIB (System Information Block)), other signals, or combinations thereof. Additionally, RRC signaling may be referred to as an RRC message, for example, an RRC Connection Setup message, an RRC Connection Reconfiguration message, etc.

[0098] The various forms / implementations described in this disclosure can also be applied to systems utilizing LTE (Long Term Evolution), LTE-A (LTE-Advanced), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4G (4th generation mobile communication system), 5G (5th generation mobile communication system), FRA (Future Radio Access), NR (new Radio), W-CDMA (registered trademark), GSM (registered trademark), CDMA2000, UMB (Ultra Mobile Broadband), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.20, UWB (Ultra-Wideband), Bluetooth (registered trademark), other suitable systems, and next-generation systems based on and extended from these systems. Additionally, multiple systems can be combined (e.g., a combination of at least one of LTE and LTE-A with 5G, etc.) for application.

[0099] The various forms / implementations described in this disclosure can also be applied to systems utilizing LTE (Long Term Evolution), LTE-A (LTE-Advanced), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4G (4th generation mobile communication system), 5G (5th generation mobile communication system), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), xth generation mobile communication system (xG) (xG (x is, for example, an integer or a decimal)), FRA (Future Radio Access), NR (new Radio), New radio access (NX), Future generation radio access (FX), W-CDMA (registered trademark), GSM (registered trademark), CDMA2000, UMB (Ultra Mobile Broadband), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE The system may include at least one of 802.20, UWB (Ultra-Wideband), Bluetooth (registered trademark), other suitable systems, and next-generation systems based on these systems that have been extended, modified, created, or specified. Additionally, multiple systems may be combined (e.g., a combination of at least one of LTE and LTE-A with 5G, etc.) for application.

[0100] The processing procedures, timing, and flow of the various forms / implementations described in this specification may be rearranged in order, provided there is no contradiction. For example, the elements of various steps are indicated using an illustrative order for the methods described in this disclosure, but are not limited to the specific order indicated.

[0101] In this specification, certain actions performed by network node 30 may sometimes also be performed by its upper node, depending on the circumstances. In a network consisting of one or more network nodes having network node 30, various actions performed to communicate with terminal 20 can obviously be performed by at least one of network node 30 and other network nodes besides network node 30 (e.g., consider MME or S-GW, but not limited to these). The above example illustrates the case where there is only one other network node besides network node 30, but other network nodes can also be a combination of multiple other network nodes (e.g., MME and S-GW).

[0102] The information or signals described in this disclosure can be output from a higher (or lower) layer to a lower (or higher) layer. They can also be input or output via multiple network nodes.

[0103] Input or output information can be stored in a specific location (e.g., memory) or managed using a management table. Input or output information can be overwritten, updated, or appended. Output information can also be deleted. Input information can also be sent to other devices.

[0104] The determination in this disclosure can be made by a value represented by 1 bit (0 or 1), by a Boolean value (Boolean: true or false), or by a comparison of numerical values ​​(e.g., a comparison with a predetermined value).

[0105] Software, whether called software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or by other names, should be broadly interpreted as referring to commands, command sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subroutines, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, execution threads, procedures, functions, etc.

[0106] In addition, software, commands, information, etc., can be sent and received via a transmission medium. For example, when software is sent from a webpage, server, or other remote source using at least one of wired technologies (coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL) etc.) and wireless technologies (infrared, microwave, etc.), at least one of these wired and wireless technologies is included within the definition of a transmission medium.

[0107] The information, signals, etc., described in this disclosure can also be represented using any of a variety of different technologies. For example, the data, commands, instructions, information, signals, bits, symbols, chips, etc., that may be involved in the above description can be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, light fields or photons, or any combination of these.

[0108] Furthermore, the terms used in this disclosure and those necessary for understanding this disclosure may be replaced with terms that have the same or similar meanings. For example, at least one of the channel and symbol may also be a signal (signaling). Additionally, a signal may also be a message. Furthermore, a component carrier (CC) may also be referred to as carrier frequency, cell, frequency carrier, etc.

[0109] The terms “system” and “network” as used in this disclosure are used interchangeably.

[0110] Furthermore, the information, parameters, etc., described in this disclosure can be represented using absolute values, relative values ​​to predetermined values, or other corresponding information. For example, wireless resources can be indicated using indexes.

[0111] The names used for the above parameters are non-limiting in any respect. Furthermore, the formulas, etc., using these parameters sometimes differ from those explicitly disclosed in this disclosure. Various channels (e.g., PUCCH, PDCCH, etc.) and information elements can be identified by all appropriate names, therefore the various names assigned to these channels and information elements are non-limiting in any respect.

[0112] In this disclosure, the terms "base station (BS)," "wireless base station," "base station device," "fixed station," "NodeB," "eNodeB (eNB)," "gNodeB (gNB)," "access point," "transmission point," "reception point," "transmission / reception point," "cell," "sector," "cell group," "carrier," and "component carrier" are used interchangeably. Sometimes, terms such as macro cell, small cell, femtocell, and picocell are also used to refer to base stations.

[0113] A base station can accommodate one or more (e.g., three) cells. When a base station accommodates multiple cells, its coverage area can be divided into several smaller areas, each of which can also provide communication services through a base station subsystem (e.g., a small indoor base station (RRH: Remote Radio Head)). Terms such as "cell" or "sector" refer to a portion or all of the coverage area of ​​at least one of the base station and base station subsystem providing communication services within that coverage area.

[0114] In this disclosure, the terms "Mobile Station (MS)," "user terminal," "User Equipment (UE)," and "terminal" are used interchangeably.

[0115] For mobile stations, those skilled in the art sometimes also use the following terms: subscriber station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, wireless unit, remote unit, mobile device, wireless device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriber station, access terminal, mobile terminal, wireless terminal, remote terminal, handheld device, user agent, mobile client, client, or some other appropriate terms.

[0116] At least one of the base station and mobile station can also be referred to as a transmitting device, receiving device, communication device, etc. Furthermore, at least one of the base station and mobile station can also be a device mounted on a mobile body, the mobile body itself, etc. The mobile body can be a vehicle (e.g., a car, an airplane, etc.), a mobile body moving in an unmanned manner (e.g., a drone, an autonomous vehicle, etc.), or a robot (humanized or unmanned). In addition, at least one of the base station and mobile station also includes devices that do not necessarily move during communication. For example, at least one of the base station and mobile station can be an IoT (Internet of Things) device such as a sensor.

[0117] Furthermore, the base station in this disclosure can also be replaced by a user terminal. For example, the communication between the base station and the user terminal can be replaced by communication between multiple terminals 20 (e.g., D2D (Device-to-Device), V2X (Vehicle-to-Everything), etc.), and various forms / implementations of this disclosure can also be applied. In this case, the terminal 20 can also be configured to have the functions of the network node 30 described above. In addition, terms such as "uplink" and "downlink" can be replaced with terms corresponding to communication between terminals (e.g., "side"). For example, uplink channel, downlink channel, etc., can also be replaced with side channel.

[0118] Similarly, the user terminal in this disclosure can also be replaced by a base station. In this case, the base station can also be configured to have the functions of the aforementioned user terminal.

[0119] The terms "determining" and "determining" as used in this disclosure sometimes encompass a variety of actions. For example, "determining" and "determining" may include actions such as judging, calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, searching (e.g., searching in a table, database, or other data structure), and ascertaining, which are considered as actions of "determining" and "determining." Furthermore, "determining" and "determining" may include actions such as receiving (e.g., receiving information), transmitting (e.g., sending information), inputting, outputting, and accessing (e.g., accessing data in memory), which are considered as actions of "determining" and "determining." Additionally, "determining" and "determining" may include actions such as resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, and comparing, which are considered as actions of "determining" and "determining." That is, "judgment" and "decision" can include matters that are considered as having been "judged" or "decided". In addition, "judgment (decision)" can also be replaced by "assuming", "expecting", "considering", etc.

[0120] The terms “connected,” “coupled,” or any variations thereof are intended to indicate any direct or indirect connection or combination between two or more elements, including cases where there is one or more intermediate elements between the two elements that are “connected” or “coupled.” The combination or connection between elements can be physical, logical, or a combination of these. For example, “access” can be used instead of “connected.” In the context of this disclosure, it can be understood that two elements are “connected” or “coupled” to each other using at least one of one or more wires, cables, and printed electrical connections, and, as some non-limiting and non-inclusive examples, using electromagnetic energy with wavelengths in the wireless frequency domain, microwave region, and light (including both visible and invisible regions) to “connect” or “couple” to each other.

[0121] The reference signal can be simply called RS (Reference Signal), or, depending on the standard applied, pilot.

[0122] As used in this disclosure, the word "based on" does not mean "based on only" unless otherwise expressly stated. In other words, the word "based on" means both "based on only" and "based on at least".

[0123] Any reference to elements using the designations "first," "second," etc., as used in this disclosure does not necessarily limit the number or order of these elements. These designations may be used in this disclosure as a convenient method of distinguishing between two or more elements. Therefore, references to the first and second elements do not imply that only two elements can be taken, or that the first element must precede the second element in any form.

[0124] Alternatively, the "unit" in the structure of the above devices can be replaced with "section", "circuit", "equipment", etc.

[0125] When the terms "include," "including," and their variations are used in this disclosure, these terms, like the term "comprising," imply inclusion. Furthermore, the term "or" as used in this disclosure does not refer to XOR.

[0126] In this disclosure, for example, in cases where articles are added through translation, such as in English (e.g., a, an, and the), this disclosure may also include cases where the noun following these articles is in a plural form.

[0127] In this disclosure, the phrase "A and B are different" can mean "A and B are not the same." Furthermore, this phrase can also mean "A and B are each different from C." Terms such as "separate" and "combined" can also be interpreted in the same way as "different."

[0128] The various forms / implementations described in this disclosure can be used individually or in combination, and can be switched depending on the execution. Furthermore, the notification of predetermined information (e.g., a "It is X" notification) is not limited to being explicit, but can also be implicit (e.g., not notifying the predetermined information).

[0129] The present disclosure has been described in detail above, but it will be clear to those skilled in the art that the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described herein. The present disclosure can be implemented as modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure as defined by the claims. Therefore, the present disclosure is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to be limiting.

[0130] Label Explanation

[0131] 10 base stations

[0132] 110 Dispatch Department

[0133] 120 Receiving Department

[0134] 130 Setting Department

[0135] 140 Control Department

[0136] 20 terminals

[0137] 210 Sending Department

[0138] 220 Receiving Department

[0139] 230 Setting Department

[0140] 240 Control Department

[0141] 30 network nodes

[0142] 1001 processor

[0143] 1002 Storage device

[0144] 1003 Auxiliary storage device

[0145] 1004 Communication device

[0146] 1005 Input Device

[0147] 1006 Output Device

[0148] Vehicle 2001

[0149] 2002 Drive Unit

[0150] 2003 Steering Unit

[0151] 2004 Accelerator Pedal

[0152] 2005 Brake Pedal

[0153] 2006 gearshift lever

[0154] 2007 front wheel

[0155] 2008 rear wheel

[0156] 2009 axle

[0157] 2010 Electronic Control Department

[0158] 2012 Information Service Department

[0159] 2013 Communication Module

[0160] 2021 Current Sensor

[0161] 2022 Speed ​​Sensor

[0162] 2023 Barometric Pressure Sensor

[0163] 2024 vehicle speed sensor

[0164] 2025 Accelerometer

[0165] 2026 Brake Pedal Sensor

[0166] 2027 Gearshift sensor

[0167] 2028 Object Detection Sensor

[0168] 2029 Accelerator Pedal Sensor

[0169] 2030 Driver Assistance Systems Department

[0170] 2031 microprocessor

[0171] 2032 Memory (ROM, RAM)

[0172] 2033 Communication Port (IO Port)

Claims

1. A network node having: The receiving unit receives messages from the second terminal requesting a connection with the first terminal; The control unit routes the connection from the second terminal to the network terminal of the first terminal configured in the data network, i.e., DN; and The transmitting unit notifies the second terminal that communication with the network terminal has commenced.

2. The network node according to claim 1, wherein, The receiving unit receives a message from the first terminal requesting the creation of the network terminal.

3. The network node according to claim 1, wherein, The receiving unit receives information from the DN indicating the storage location of the network terminal.

4. The network node according to claim 1, wherein, The receiving unit receives a message from the first terminal requesting synchronization with the network terminal.

5. The network node according to claim 1, wherein, The control unit routes the connection from the first terminal to the network terminal.

6. A communication method, wherein, The network node performs the following procedure: Receive a message from the second terminal requesting a connection with the first terminal; The connection from the second terminal is routed to the network terminal of the first terminal configured in the data network, i.e., DN; as well as The second terminal is notified that communication with the network terminal has commenced.

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