Safety blood sampling passive elastic blood lancet

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of medical device technology, and more particularly to a safe passive elastic blood collection needle, comprising an outer shell with a needle outlet on the left side; a push plug slidably connected horizontally inside the outer shell, with a needle mounting groove in the protrusion at the left end of the push plug; and a blood collection needle body detachably mounted in the needle mounting groove; further comprising a trigger locking component for locking the push plug in its initial position and releasing it upon triggering. This invention, through the cooperation of the trigger locking component and the drive component, achieves automatic puncture and rapid retraction of the blood collection needle body; after blood collection, the retraction spring automatically pulls the needle tip back into the outer shell, eliminating the need for manual needle removal or retraction, completely preventing medical personnel from contacting the used needle, thereby significantly reducing the risk of needlestick injuries and cross-infection, and complying with clinical safety operating procedures.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical device technology, and in particular to a safe passive elastic blood collection needle. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, most blood collection needles used in clinical practice are disposable sterile needles. They are simple in structure and inexpensive, but usually do not have the function of adjusting the insertion depth. Due to individual differences in patients' skin thickness, subcutaneous tissue structure and blood vessel location, blood collection needles with a fixed depth can easily cause excessively deep punctures, leading to tissue damage and increased pain, or insufficiently shallow punctures, resulting in ineffective blood collection and affecting blood collection efficiency and patient experience.

[0003] To improve the safety and convenience of blood collection, passive blood collection needles (i.e., those that automatically complete puncture and retraction without manual retraction of the needle core, relying on springs or other mechanisms) are gradually being introduced into clinical applications. These devices automatically retract the needle tip into a protective shell after blood collection, effectively reducing the risk of needlestick injuries for healthcare workers. However, most existing passive blood collection needles use a fixed needle length design, making it difficult to adapt to the diverse puncture depth requirements of different populations (such as children, the elderly, and obese individuals). Furthermore, some high-end blood collection devices are attempting to introduce replaceable needle designs to increase instrument reusability and reduce consumable costs. However, integrating a detachable needle module into a passive structure faces multiple technical challenges, including sealing, stability, and trigger reliability. In particular, achieving rapid needle replacement and secure connection while ensuring the automatic retraction function remains unaffected still lacks a mature and effective solution.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a safe blood collection needle that can achieve passive elastic retraction to ensure safe use, and also has the function of adjusting the puncture depth or a replaceable needle structure, so as to take into account the individualized blood collection needs of different patients and the convenience of clinical operation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To overcome the shortcomings of existing passive blood collection needles, such as fixed puncture depth and difficulty in replacing the needle tip while ensuring automatic retraction, this invention provides a safe passive elastic blood collection needle.

[0006] A safe passive elastic blood collection needle includes an outer shell with a needle outlet on its left side; a push plug slidably connected to the inside of the outer shell in a horizontal direction, with a needle mounting groove in the protrusion at the left end of the push plug; and a blood collection needle body detachably mounted in the needle mounting groove; further comprising: a trigger locking component for locking the push plug in an initial position and releasing it after triggering; a drive component for driving the push plug to puncture to the left after release; a limit retraction component for limiting the maximum extension length of the blood collection needle body and automatically retracting it after puncture; a depth adjustment component for adjusting the extension length limited by the limit retraction component; and a needle replacement component for replacing the blood collection needle body by magnetic attraction.

[0007] Optionally, the trigger locking assembly includes: guide rods symmetrically arranged vertically and vertically fixedly connected to the right side of the push plug; a rotary unlocking button rotatably connected to the inside of the right end of the outer casing, the rotary unlocking button having vertically and vertically symmetrical guide grooves, each guide rod being embedded in a corresponding guide groove; a fixed base plate fixedly connected to the inside of the outer casing; and a reset torsion spring connected between the left end of the rotary unlocking button and the fixed base plate.

[0008] Optionally, the drive assembly includes: a drive push rod that is slidably connected to the fixed base plate in a horizontal direction, the left end face of the drive push rod contacting the right end face of the push plug; and a drive spring connected between the drive push rod and the fixed base plate.

[0009] Optionally, the limiting retraction assembly includes: a front baffle fixedly connected to the left side of the outer casing; a limiting slide connected horizontally to the left side of the outer casing, through which the blood collection needle body passes sequentially, and the left end protrusion of the push plug is slidably inserted into the limiting slide; and a retraction spring connected between the limiting slide and the front baffle; wherein the spring force coefficient of the retraction spring is less than that of the drive spring.

[0010] Optionally, the depth adjustment assembly includes: an adjustment thread formed on the outer wall of the outer casing; an adjustment sleeve threadedly connected to the outer casing via the adjustment thread; an adjustment handwheel fixedly connected to the outside of the adjustment sleeve; a limiting slide cavity disposed on the left side inside the adjustment sleeve; symmetrically distributed protrusions on the limiting slide, each protrusion extending from the side wall of the outer casing and into the limiting slide cavity; and a boss disposed on the left end inside the adjustment sleeve for abutting against the protrusions of the limiting slide.

[0011] Optionally, the needle replacement assembly includes: a needle replacement push rod that is horizontally slidably connected inside the rotary unlocking button; a pressing sleeve fixedly connected to the right end of the needle replacement push rod, the pressing sleeve being slidable within the rotary unlocking button; a transverse push rod slide opened in the limiting shoulder of the push plug, the left end of the needle replacement push rod passing through the push rod slide and entering the needle body mounting groove at the left end of the push plug; a push needle magnet disposed at the left end of the needle replacement push rod, the right side of the push needle magnet contacting the right inner wall of the needle body mounting groove; and a tail end magnetic block embedded at the right end of the blood collection needle body, the tail end magnetic block being magnetically attracted to the push needle magnet.

[0012] Optionally, the outer diameter of the pusher magnet is larger than the inner diameter of the pusher slide.

[0013] Optionally, a ring-shaped flexible contact pad is snapped onto the left end face of the outer casing.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are: by cooperating the trigger locking component and the drive component, this invention achieves automatic puncture and rapid retraction of the blood collection needle body; after blood collection is completed, the retraction spring automatically pulls the needle tip back into the outer shell, eliminating the need for manual needle removal or retraction, thus completely avoiding medical personnel from contacting the used needle, thereby significantly reducing the risk of needlestick injury and cross-infection, and complying with clinical safety operation standards.

[0015] This invention features a depth adjustment component. By rotating the adjustment handwheel, the axial position of the adjustment screw sleeve can be changed, thereby precisely controlling the maximum stroke of the limiting slide to the left and achieving stepless adjustment of the extension length of the blood collection needle body. Clinically, the puncture depth can be pre-adjusted according to the skin thickness and blood vessel location of different patients such as children, the elderly, and obese individuals, avoiding damage from excessive depth or failure of blood collection from excessive shallow depth, thus improving the success rate of blood collection and patient comfort.

[0016] This invention uses a needle replacement assembly to achieve detachable connection of the blood collection needle body. The old needle is pushed out and the new needle is attracted by the magnetic attraction between the needle pusher magnet and the tail end magnetic block. The replacement is completed by pressing the sleeve and then pulling it back to the right. The operation is simple and quick. The outer shell and internal mechanism can be reused. Only the blood collection needle body needs to be replaced, which significantly reduces the cost of consumables per blood collection and reduces the generation of medical waste, thus having good economic and environmental benefits. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the components of the present invention, including the pusher, the limiting slide, and the retraction spring.

[0020] Figure 4This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the components of the present invention, including the fixed base plate, the drive rod, and the drive spring.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the limiting slide, push plug, and guide rod of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the knob of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the outer shell, adjusting handwheel, and adjusting screw sleeve of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the components of the present invention, including the pressing sleeve, the needle changing push rod, and the blood collection needle body.

[0025] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the components of the present invention, including the needle replacement push rod, the push needle magnet, and the rotary unlocking button.

[0026] The components in the attached diagram are labeled as follows: 101: Outer shell, 102: Push plug, 103: Rotary unlocking button, 104: Guide rod, 105: Guide groove, 106: Limiting slide, 107: Retraction spring, 108: Fixed base plate, 109: Drive push rod, 110: Drive spring, 111: Needle body mounting groove, 112: Needle outlet, 113: Blood collection needle body, 114: Reset torsion spring, 115: Front baffle, 201: Adjusting handwheel, 202: Adjusting screw sleeve, 203: Adjusting thread, 204: Limiting slide cavity, 301: Needle replacement push rod, 302: Pressing sleeve, 303: Needle push magnet, 304: Push rod slide, 401: Flexible contact pad. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is hereby declared that the directional terms such as up, down, left, right, front, back, inside, and outside used in this text are based solely on the accompanying drawings and are not intended to specifically limit the invention.

[0028] Example 1: A safe passive elastic blood collection needle, such as Figures 1-6 As shown, the device includes an outer casing 101, inside which a push plug 102 is slidably connected in the horizontal direction. A needle mounting groove 111 is formed in the protrusion at the left end of the push plug 102, for detachably mounting a blood collection needle body 113. A needle outlet hole 112 is formed on the left side of the outer casing 101, for allowing the blood collection needle body 113 to extend outward from inside the outer casing 101.

[0029] The right side of the push plug 102 is fixedly connected to guide rods 104 arranged symmetrically. The right end of the outer casing 101 is rotatably connected to a rotary unlocking button 103, which has symmetrical guide grooves 105. Each guide rod 104 is embedded in its corresponding guide groove 105. Through the cooperation between the guide rod 104 and the guide groove 105, the rotary unlocking button 103 can lock the axial position of the guide rod 104, thereby achieving the initial positioning of the push plug 102.

[0030] A fixed base plate 108 is fixedly connected inside the outer casing 101, and a drive rod 109 is slidably connected to the fixed base plate 108 in the horizontal direction. The drive rod 109 is connected to the fixed base plate 108 by a drive spring 110, and the left end face of the drive rod 109 contacts the right end face of the push plug 102. The left end of the rotary unlocking button 103 is connected to the fixed base plate 108 by a return torsion spring 114.

[0031] The guide rod 104, the rotary unlocking button 103, the guide groove 105, the fixed base plate 108, and the reset torsion spring 114 together constitute the trigger locking assembly, which is used to lock the push plug 102 in the initial position and release it after triggering.

[0032] In the initial state, rotating the unlock button 103 hooks the guide rod 104 through the guide groove 105, causing the push plug 102 to drive the blood collection needle body 113 to the rightmost ready-to-trigger position; at this time, the push plug 102 abuts against the drive rod 109, and the drive spring 110 is always in a compressed state, accumulating elastic potential energy for puncture drive.

[0033] The drive rod 109 and the drive spring 110 together constitute a drive assembly, which is used to drive the push plug 102 to drive the blood collection needle body 113 to puncture to the left after release.

[0034] The outer casing 101 also contains a limiting and retracting component to restrict the extension length of the blood collection needle body 113. For example... Figure 3 As shown, the limiting and retracting assembly includes a front baffle 115 fixedly connected to the left side of the outer casing 101, and a limiting slide 106 slidably connected to the left side of the outer casing 101 in a horizontal direction. The limiting slide 106 and the front baffle 115 are connected by a retraction spring 107.

[0035] The blood collection needle body 113 passes through the limiting slide 106 and the front baffle 115 in sequence, and the left end protrusion of the push plug 102 can slide within the limiting slide 106. The spring coefficient of the return spring 107 is less than that of the drive spring 110 to ensure that it automatically retracts after the puncture action is completed.

[0036] The outer side of the outer casing 101 is provided with a depth adjustment assembly for adjusting the axial position of the limiting slide 106. For example... Figure 7 As shown, the depth adjustment assembly includes an adjustment thread 203 formed on the outer wall of the outer casing 101, and an adjustment sleeve 202 threadedly connected to the outer casing 101 via the adjustment thread 203. An adjustment handwheel 201 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the adjustment sleeve 202 for easy rotation operation.

[0037] The adjusting screw sleeve 202 has a limiting slide cavity 204 on its inner left side. The limiting slide 106 has symmetrically distributed protrusions, which protrude from the side wall of the outer shell 101 and extend into the limiting slide cavity 204. The adjusting screw sleeve 202 has a boss at its inner left end, which abuts against the protrusions of the limiting slide 106, thereby limiting the maximum stroke of the limiting slide 106 to the left.

[0038] like Figure 5 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, a needle replacement push rod 301 is horizontally slidably connected inside the rotary unlocking button 103. A pressing sleeve 302 is fixedly connected to the right end of the needle replacement push rod 301, and the pressing sleeve 302 can slide within the rotary unlocking button 103. A transverse push rod slide 304 is provided in the limiting shoulder of the push plug 102 (this section matches the inner diameter of the outer casing 101). The left end of the needle replacement push rod 301 passes through the push rod slide 304 of the push plug 102 and enters the needle body mounting groove 111.

[0039] The left end of the needle-changing push rod 301 is provided with a needle-pushing magnet 303, the right side of which contacts the right inner wall of the needle body mounting groove 111. The outer diameter of the needle-pushing magnet 303 is larger than the inner diameter of the push rod slide 304 to prevent it from falling out. The right end of the blood collection needle body 113 is provided with a tail magnetic block (built-in, not shown) for magnetic connection, which can form a detachable magnetic connection with the needle-pushing magnet 303.

[0040] The needle replacement push rod 301, pressing sleeve 302, push rod slide 304, push needle magnet 303 and tail end magnetic block together constitute the needle replacement assembly, which is used to replace the blood collection needle body 113 by magnetic attraction.

[0041] Finally, as Figure 3 As shown, an annular flexible contact pad 401 is snapped onto the left end face of the outer casing 101 for flexible contact with the patient's skin, improving the comfort of blood collection.

[0042] Initially, rotating the unlocking button 103 hooks the guide rod 104 through the guide groove 105, positioning the push plug 102 at the rightmost side of the outer casing 101. At this time, the push plug 102 abuts against the drive rod 109, which is at its rightmost end, compressing the drive spring 110 and accumulating potential energy. The blood collection needle body 113 is installed in the needle mounting groove 111 and retracts entirely into the outer casing 101.

[0043] Blood collection triggering and puncture: The operator holds the outer casing 101, places the flexible contact pad 401 against the blood collection site, and then turns the rotary unlocking button 103 forward, causing the reset torsion spring 114 to twist. When the transverse section of the guide groove 105 rotates to align with the guide rod 104, the drive spring 110 releases its potential energy, pushing the drive push rod 109 to the left. This directly pushes the push plug 102, which is in contact with it, to move synchronously to the left, causing the blood collection needle body 113 to quickly extend from the needle outlet 112 and pierce the skin.

[0044] Limiting and retracting: When the push plug 102 moves to the left, its left end protrusion first inserts into the limiting slide 106. When the limiting shoulder of the push plug 102 contacts the right end face of the limiting slide 106, the two work together to compress the retracting spring 107 to the left. The maximum extension position of the blood collection needle body 113 is determined by the limit stroke of the limiting slide 106 moving to the left, which is limited by the inner boss of the adjusting screw sleeve 202.

[0045] Subsequently, the compressed return spring 107 begins to reset. Because its elastic coefficient is less than that of the drive spring 110, the return spring 107 pushes the limiting slide 106 and the push plug 102 to the right, causing the blood collection needle body 113 to retract into the outer shell 101. At this time, the right end face of the thickest section of the push plug 102 contacts the drive rod 109, but is insufficient to compress the drive spring 110 again. Finally, the blood collection needle body 113 stably stays in the retracted state in the middle of the outer shell 101, completing the automatic retraction and effectively reducing the risk of needlestick injury.

[0046] Puncture depth adjustment: The extension length of the blood collection needle body 113 depends on the maximum stroke of the limiting slide 106 to the left. This stroke is controlled by the depth adjustment component: rotating the adjusting handwheel 201 drives the adjusting sleeve 202 to move axially along the adjusting thread 203. The gap between the boss inside the left end of the adjusting sleeve 202 and the protrusion of the limiting slide 106 is the distance the limiting slide 106 can slide to the left. Rotating the adjusting handwheel 201 counterclockwise (moving the adjusting sleeve 202 to the left) increases the stroke of the limiting slide 106 and increases the puncture depth; rotating it clockwise (moving the adjusting sleeve 202 to the right) decreases the stroke and decreases the puncture depth. Clinically, the puncture depth can be pre-adjusted according to individual differences such as patient age and skin thickness.

[0047] Blood collection needle replacement: After use, the blood collection needle body 113 needs to be replaced. Press the pressing sleeve 302 to the left, which moves the needle replacement push rod 301 and the push needle magnet 303 to the left. The push needle magnet 303 pushes the old blood collection needle body 113 to the left, so that its left end protrudes from the needle outlet 112. Use tweezers to remove the old blood collection needle, then grasp the new blood collection needle and bring it close to the push needle magnet 303. After the magnetic attraction, pull the pressing sleeve 302 to the right. The push needle magnet 303 moves the new blood collection needle body 113 into the needle body mounting slot 111.

[0048] Continue pulling and pressing the sleeve 302 to the right. Since the outer diameter of the pusher magnet 303 is larger than that of the pusher slide 304, it drives the push plug 102 to move to the right through the needle replacement pusher 301. The guide rod 104 moves to the right along the transverse section of the guide groove 105. When it reaches the right arc section of the guide groove 105, the reset torsion spring 114 drives the rotary unlocking button 103 to rotate in the opposite direction to reset. The guide groove 105 re-hooks the guide rod 104, locking the push plug 102 to the rightmost side. At the same time, the drive spring 110 is recompressed, so that the device returns to the ready-to-trigger state.

[0049] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A safe passive elastic blood collection needle, comprising an outer shell (101) with a needle outlet (112) on the left side; a push plug (102) slidably connected to the inside of the outer shell (101) in a horizontal direction, with a needle mounting groove (111) formed in the protrusion at the left end of the push plug (102); and a blood collection needle body (113) detachably mounted in the needle mounting groove (111); characterized in that, Also includes: A trigger locking component is used to lock the pusher (102) in the initial position and release it after triggering; A drive assembly is used to drive the plunger (102) to puncture the blood collection needle body (113) to the left after release; A limiting retraction component is used to limit the maximum extension length of the blood collection needle body (113) and to automatically retract it after puncture; A depth adjustment component is used to adjust the extension length limited by the limit retraction component; A needle replacement assembly for replacing the blood collection needle body (113) via magnetic attraction.

2. The safe passive elastic blood collection needle as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The components that trigger the locking mechanism include: Guide rods (104) are fixedly connected to the right side of the push plug (102) and arranged symmetrically on the upper and lower sides. A rotary unlocking button (103) is rotatably connected to the inside of the right end of the outer casing (101). The rotary unlocking button (103) has symmetrical guide grooves (105) on its upper and lower sides, and each guide rod (104) is embedded in the corresponding guide groove (105). A fixed base plate (108) is fixedly connected inside the outer shell (101); A reset torsion spring (114) is connected between the left end of the rotary unlock button (103) and the fixed base plate (108).

3. The safe passive elastic blood collection needle as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The drive assembly includes a drive push rod (109) that is slidably connected to the fixed base plate (108) in the horizontal direction, the left end face of the drive push rod (109) being in contact with the right end face of the push plug (102); A drive spring (110) is connected between the drive push rod (109) and the fixed base plate (108).

4. The safe passive elastic blood collection needle as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The limit retraction component includes: A front baffle (115) is fixedly connected to the left side of the outer casing (101); A limiting slide (106) is slidably connected to the left side of the outer shell (101) in a horizontal direction. The blood collection needle body (113) passes through the limiting slide (106) and the front baffle (115) in sequence, and the left end protrusion of the push plug (102) is slidably inserted into the limiting slide (106). A retraction spring (107) is connected between the limiting slide (106) and the front baffle (115); wherein the elastic coefficient of the retraction spring (107) is less than the elastic coefficient of the drive spring (110).

5. A safe passive elastic blood collection needle as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The depth adjustment components include: Adjustment thread (203) is provided on the outer wall of the outer casing (101); Adjusting sleeve (202) is threadedly connected to outer casing (101) by adjusting thread (203); An adjusting handwheel (201) is fixedly connected to the outside of the adjusting screw sleeve (202); The limiting slide cavity (204) is located on the left side inside the adjusting screw sleeve (202); The upper and lower symmetrically distributed protrusions on the limiting slide (106) all protrude from the side wall of the outer shell (101) and extend into the limiting slide cavity (204); The boss located on the left end of the adjusting screw sleeve (202) is used to abut against the protrusion of the limiting slide (106).

6. The safe passive elastic blood collection needle as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The needle replacement assembly includes: A needle-changing push rod (301) is slidably connected to the inside of the rotary unlock button (103) in the horizontal direction. A pressing sleeve (302) is fixedly connected to the right end of the needle change push rod (301). The pressing sleeve (302) can slide within the rotating unlock button (103). A transverse push rod slide (304) is provided in the limiting shoulder of the push plug (102). The left end of the needle change push rod (301) passes through the push rod slide (304) and enters the needle body mounting groove (111) at the left end of the push plug (102). The needle pusher magnet (303) is located at the left end of the needle change pusher (301), and the right side of the needle pusher magnet (303) is in contact with the right inner wall of the needle body mounting groove (111). A tail end magnetic block is embedded at the right end of the blood collection needle body (113), which magnetically engages with the push needle magnet (303).

7. A safe passive elastic blood collection needle as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The outer diameter of the pusher magnet (303) is larger than the inner diameter of the push rod slide (304).

8. A safe passive elastic blood collection needle as described in claim 7, characterized in that, An annular flexible contact pad (401) is snapped onto the left end face of the outer casing (101).

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