Cricoid membrane automatic puncture intubation gun

Abstract

This invention discloses an automatic cricothyroid membrane puncture and cannulation gun, belonging to the field of medical device technology. It includes a gun body with a gun head at the front. An arc-shaped positioning support is located at the front end of the gun head. An expansion sleeve is slidably disposed within the gun head, containing a puncture needle core. A linear drive mechanism is located at one end of the expansion sleeve within the gun body's casing. A catheter pushing mechanism is located on the outer wall of the gun body near the gun head, pushing a catheter assembly. The catheter assembly is slidably disposed within the expansion sleeve, and a tapered hole is formed at the proximal end of the expansion sleeve for the catheter assembly to pass through. This invention adopts an integrated design for puncture, expansion, and cannulation, significantly shortening the emergency airway establishment time and reducing the skill requirements for operators. It is suitable for complex emergency scenarios such as wartime battlefields and disaster relief, improving the efficiency and safety of first aid and wartime trauma treatment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical device technology, and in particular to an automatic cricothyroid membrane puncture and cannulation gun. Background Technology

[0002] Cricothyroidotomy is a crucial technique for establishing an emergency airway in first aid and wartime trauma care, suitable for life-threatening emergencies such as laryngeal obstruction and suffocation. Traditional cricothyroidotomy requires manual handling of the needle, dilator, and endotracheal tube in several steps, a cumbersome procedure demanding extremely high levels of skill and expertise from the operator. In complex emergency scenarios such as wartime battlefields and disaster relief, with numerous casualties, harsh environments, and limited time, manual operation is prone to failure due to hand tremors and inaccurate positioning, potentially leading to complications such as vascular damage and esophageal perforation, delaying optimal rescue.

[0003] Currently, while some assisted puncture devices exist in existing technologies, most can only perform a single puncture function and cannot complete an integrated puncture, dilation, and cannulation operation. They still require manual intervention for subsequent steps, failing to fundamentally solve the problems of low operational efficiency and poor safety in emergency scenarios. Therefore, developing a cricothyroid membrane puncture and cannulation device that is easy to operate, highly automated, and provides precise and safe cannulation is of great significance for improving emergency and wartime medical treatment. Based on this, this invention proposes an automatic cricothyroid membrane puncture and cannulation gun. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an automatic cricothyroid membrane puncture and intubation gun to solve the problems of cumbersome operation, reliance on manual skill, easy error in emergency scenarios, and easy to cause complications such as blood vessel rupture and posterior tracheal wall perforation in the existing technology.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: This invention discloses an automatic cricothyroid membrane puncture and cannulation gun, comprising a gun body, a gun head at the front end of the gun body, an arc-shaped positioning support at the front end of the gun head, an expansion sleeve slidably disposed inside the gun head, a puncture needle core disposed inside the expansion sleeve, and a linear drive mechanism disposed at one end of the expansion sleeve located inside the shell of the gun body; a catheter pushing mechanism is disposed on the outer wall of the gun body near the gun head, the catheter pushing mechanism pushes a catheter assembly, the catheter assembly being slidably disposed inside the expansion sleeve, and a tapered hole for the catheter assembly to pass through at the proximal end of the expansion sleeve; a control module is disposed inside the gun stock of the gun body, the control module being controlled by a trigger to open.

[0006] Furthermore, the arc-shaped positioning support includes a positioning support with a through hole at the center for the expansion sleeve to pass through. A distance sensor and an infrared blood vessel recognition sensor are respectively embedded on the positioning support on both sides of the through hole, and the distance sensor and the infrared blood vessel recognition sensor transmit signals to the control module.

[0007] Furthermore, the positioning support is made of medical-grade silicone, with an inner arc conforming to the anatomical curvature of the neck, and a centerline scale on the inner side.

[0008] Furthermore, the puncture needle core includes a needle core, the distal end of which is provided with a beveled cutting edge, and a flexible buffer head is provided near the cutting edge.

[0009] Furthermore, the expansion sleeve includes a sleeve, the distal outer wall of which is provided with threaded expansion grooves, the proximal end of which is integrally formed with a limiting groove disposed together with the linear drive mechanism, a coupling is provided at the distal end of the sleeve, a miniature rotary motor is provided at the other end of the coupling, a base slider is provided at the bottom of the miniature rotary motor, a guide groove is slidably provided at the bottom of the base slider, and the guide groove is disposed inside the gun body; a conduit channel communicating with the tapered hole is provided inside the sleeve, and the conduit assembly is slidably disposed within the conduit channel.

[0010] Furthermore, the linear drive mechanism includes a connector disposed together with the limiting groove. The upper end of the connector is disposed on the lead screw block, which is threadedly connected to the lead screw. One end of the lead screw is rotatably disposed in the gun body, and the other end passes through the bearing seat and is connected to the gear mechanism. The gear mechanism is driven by a micro forward and reverse motor.

[0011] Furthermore, the connector includes a first collar sleeved on the nut block, the lower end of the first collar being integrally formed with a connecting rod, the lower end of the connecting rod being integrally formed with a second collar that cooperates with the limiting groove, the lower end of the second collar being integrally formed with a limiting rod, and the bottom of the limiting rod being slidably disposed on the guide groove.

[0012] Furthermore, the conduit pushing mechanism includes symmetrically arranged mounting plates. A pushing motor is mounted on the outer wall of one side of the mounting plate. The output end of the pushing motor passes through the mounting plate and is connected to a reducer. The output end of the reducer passes through the other side of the mounting plate and is connected to a drive sprocket. A driven sprocket is connected to the drive sprocket via a chain. The driven sprocket is connected to a drive shaft, on which a drive roller is mounted. A matching driven roller is located below the drive roller. A roller shaft is located at the center of the driven roller and is slidably mounted between the mounting plates via a disengagement mechanism. A guide ring for the conduit assembly to pass through is located at the top of the mounting plates. A guide rod is located below the guide ring. After passing through the guide ring and the guide rod, the conduit assembly passes through the gap between the drive roller and the driven roller, and the conduit assembly makes frictional contact with the drive roller and the driven roller.

[0013] Furthermore, the disengagement mechanism includes a hinge shaft located at the top of the mounting plate, a disengagement plate hinged to the hinge shaft, a positioning bolt threaded onto the disengagement plate, and a plurality of positioning holes formed in a fan-shaped distribution on the mounting plate. Guide post one and guide post two are arranged sequentially from top to bottom on the mounting plate, and a pull rope is provided on the disengagement plate. The pull rope passes around guide post one and guide post two in sequence and then connects to the roller shaft.

[0014] Furthermore, the catheter assembly includes a catheter, and an air bladder is provided at the distal end of the catheter at a distance of -cm from the port. The air bladder is connected to a trachea, and the trachea extends out of the catheter and is connected to an air pump.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial technical effects of the present invention are as follows: This invention, the automatic cricothyroid membrane puncture and intubation gun, adopts an integrated design of puncture, dilation, and intubation, which significantly shortens the time for establishing an emergency airway and reduces the skill requirements for the operator. It can effectively avoid puncture failure and complications such as vascular damage and esophageal perforation caused by hand tremors. Relying on a flexible buffer head and a dual-sensor depth control mechanism, it prevents excessive puncture damage and is suitable for complex emergency scenarios such as wartime battlefields and disaster relief, improving the efficiency and safety of first aid and wartime trauma treatment. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a front view of the automatic cricothyroid membrane puncture and cannulation gun of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a partial front view of the automatic cricothyroid membrane puncture and cannulation gun of the present invention; Figure 3This is a cross-sectional view of the automatic cricothyroid membrane puncture and cannulation gun of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connector structure; Figure 5 A sectional view of the arc-shaped positioning bracket; Figure 6 This is a rear view of the automatic cricothyroid membrane puncture and cannulation gun of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a side view of the expansion sleeve; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the catheter delivery mechanism. Figure 9 The diagram shows the disengagement state of the disengagement mechanism; Figure 10 Diagram showing the locking state of the disengagement mechanism; Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Gun body; 2. Trigger; 3. Stock; 4. Gun head; 5. Curved positioning support; 6. Puncture needle core; 7. Dilatation sleeve; 8. Linear drive mechanism; 9. Catheter pushing mechanism; 10. Catheter assembly; 501. Positioning support; 502. Distance sensor; 503. Infrared blood vessel recognition sensor; 601. Needle core; 602. Flexible buffer head; 701. Sleeve; 702. Threaded expansion groove; 703. Limiting groove; 704. Coupling; 705. Miniature rotary motor; 706. Base slider; 707. Guide groove; 708. Conduit channel; 801. Connecting component; 802. Lead screw nut; 803. Lead screw; 804. Gear mechanism; 805. Miniature forward and reverse motor; 8011, Collar 1; 8012, Connecting rod; 8013, Collar 2; 8014, Limiting rod; 901. Mounting plate; 902. Push motor; 903. Guide ring; 904. Drive sprocket; 905. Driven sprocket; 906. Guide rod; 907. Driven roller; 908. Driven roller; 909. Release plate; 910. Positioning bolt; 911. Pull rope; 912. Hinge shaft; 913. Positioning hole; 914. Guide post one; 915. Guide post two; 916. Roller shaft; 1001. Catheter; 1002. Balloon; 1003. Trachea. Detailed Implementation

[0018] like Figure 1-10As shown, an automatic cricothyroid membrane puncture and cannulation gun includes a gun body 1, which has a grip-type structure and conforms to ergonomic design, making it easy for the operator to hold and operate with one hand. A gun head 4 is installed at the front of the gun body 1, and an arc-shaped positioning support 5 is installed at the front end of the gun head 4. An expansion sleeve 7 is slidably installed inside the gun head 4, and a puncture needle core 6 is installed inside the expansion sleeve 7. A linear drive mechanism 8 is installed at one end of the expansion sleeve 7, located inside the shell of the gun body 1. A catheter pushing mechanism 9 is installed on the outer wall of the gun body 1 near the gun head 4. The catheter pushing mechanism 9 pushes a catheter assembly 10, which is slidably installed inside the expansion sleeve 7. A tapered hole is opened at the proximal end of the expansion sleeve 7 for the catheter assembly 10 to pass through. A control module is installed inside the stock 3 of the gun body 1, and the control module is controlled by a trigger 2 to activate. In addition, an operation button is provided on the outer shell of the gun body 1 for mode switching. Specifically, the operator holds the ergonomically designed grip gun 1 with one hand, pulls the trigger 2 to activate the control module inside the stock 3. After the control module is activated, the arc-shaped positioning support 5 at the front end of the gun head 4 completes the positioning of the target area. Then, the linear drive mechanism 8 pushes the expansion sleeve 7 and the internal puncture needle core 6 forward to complete the puncture action. After the puncture is in place, the catheter pushing mechanism 9 pushes the catheter assembly 10 through the conical hole at the proximal end of the expansion sleeve 7 into the expansion sleeve 7, and sends it into the target airway along the expansion channel.

[0019] The arc-shaped positioning support 5 includes a positioning support 501, which is made of medical-grade silicone. Its inner arc conforms to the anatomical curvature of the neck, and a midline scale is provided on its inner side. A through hole is formed at the center of the positioning support 501 for the expansion sleeve 7 to pass through. A distance sensor 502 and an infrared blood vessel recognition sensor 503 are respectively embedded on either side of the through hole on the positioning support 501. The distance sensor 502 and the infrared blood vessel recognition sensor 503 transmit signals to the control module. Specifically, the operator places the arc-shaped positioning support 5 against the cricothyroid membrane region of the patient's neck, aligning it with the midline of the neck using the midline scale on the inner side of the positioning support 501. Its medical-grade silicone inner arc conforms to the anatomical curvature of the neck, precisely defining the puncture area as the avascular zone in the center of the cricothyroid membrane. Simultaneously, infrared vascular recognition sensors 503 embedded on both sides of the through-hole of the positioning support 501 scan the distribution of blood vessels within the puncture path in real time, while distance sensor 502 simultaneously detects the puncture preparation depth. Both transmit signals to the control module within the gun body 1. If the infrared vascular recognition sensor 503 detects a blood vessel, the control module immediately locks the trigger 2 to avoid the risk of blood vessel rupture. If the positioning and depth meet the preset requirements, the operator pulls the trigger 2 to initiate subsequent puncture, dilation, and cannulation procedures.

[0020] The puncture needle core 6 includes a needle core 601, the distal end of which is provided with a 15°-20° beveled edge, which is sharp and has strong penetrating power, and can quickly puncture the cricothyroid membrane; and a flexible buffer head 602 is provided near the edge, with a buffer stroke of 2-3mm. Even if excessive insertion is made due to special circumstances, the buffer head 602 can offset the puncture impact force through elastic deformation, preventing the sharp needle core 601 from directly puncturing the posterior wall of the trachea.

[0021] The dilating cannula 7 includes a cannula 701, on the distal outer wall of which a threaded dilution groove 702 (1.5 mm pitch, 30° cutting edge) is installed. After the puncture needle core 6 punctures the cricothyroid membrane, the dilating cannula 7 can rotate with the movement, expanding the puncture channel through the threaded dilution groove 702, clearing obstacles for the subsequent insertion of the catheter assembly 10 and avoiding obstruction during catheter insertion.

[0022] The proximal end of the sleeve 701 is integrally formed with a limiting groove 703 that is installed together with the linear drive mechanism 8. A coupling 704 is installed at the distal end of the sleeve 701. A miniature rotary motor 705 is installed at the other end of the coupling 704. A base slider 706 is installed at the bottom of the miniature rotary motor 705. A guide groove 707 is slidably installed at the bottom of the base slider 706. The guide groove 707 is installed inside the gun body 1. A conduit channel 708 communicating with the tapered hole is installed inside the sleeve 701. The conduit assembly 10 is slidably installed in the conduit channel 708.

[0023] The linear drive mechanism 8 includes a connector 801 mounted together with the limiting groove 703. The upper end of the connector 801 is mounted on a lead screw block 802, which is threadedly connected to a lead screw 803. One end of the lead screw 803 is rotatably mounted inside the gun body 1, and the other end passes through a bearing seat and is connected to a gear mechanism 804. The gear mechanism 804 is driven by a miniature forward and reverse motor 805. The connector 801 includes a first collar 8011 sleeved on the lead screw block 802. The lower end of the first collar 8011 is integrally formed with a connecting rod 8012. The lower end of the connecting rod 8012 is integrally formed with a second collar 8013 that mates with the limiting groove 703. The lower end of the second collar 8013 is integrally formed with a limiting rod 8014, the bottom of which is slidably mounted on the guide groove 707.

[0024] The movement of the expansion sleeve 7 is driven by a "rotation-linear composite drive mechanism". The linear drive mechanism 8 is assembled and fixed to the limiting groove 703 near the end of the sleeve 701 via a connector 801. The connector 801 consists of a first collar 8011 sleeved on the nut block 802, a connecting rod 8012 integrally formed at its lower end, a second collar 8013 whose lower end of the connecting rod 8012 cooperates with the limiting groove 703, and a limiting rod 8014 integrally formed at the lower end of the second collar 8013. The bottom of the limiting rod 8014 slides in cooperation with the guide groove 707. After startup, the micro rotary motor 705 outputs rotational torque. The micro forward and reverse motor 805 drives the lead screw 803 to rotate through the gear mechanism 804. The lead screw 803 drives the threaded nut block 802 to move, which in turn drives the sleeve 701 to obtain linear thrust through the connector 801. The rotational torque and linear thrust combine to form a "spiral forward" motion. Torque and thrust are transmitted to the sleeve 701 via coupling 704, causing it to move forward in a screw-in manner. The threaded expansion grooves 702 at the distal end of the sleeve 701 rotate synchronously, forming a regular puncture channel with minimal tissue trauma. During the movement, the base slider 706 at the bottom of the micro rotary motor 705 and the limiting rod 8014 of the connector 801 slide smoothly along the guide groove 707 inside the gun body 1. Combined with the positioning function of the limiting groove 703, this provides double assurance for the stability and accuracy of the spiral advance of the sleeve 701. The sleeve 701 has a conduit channel 708 communicating with the conical hole inside. The trumpet-shaped conical guide port at its tail end can accurately guide the conduit assembly 10 to slide into the conduit channel 708, completing the preparation for guiding the conduit assembly 10 after channel expansion.

[0025] The conduit pushing mechanism 9 includes symmetrically installed mounting plates 901. A pushing motor 902 is mounted on the outer wall of one side of the mounting plate 901. The output end of the pushing motor 902 passes through the mounting plate 901 and is connected to a reducer. The output end of the reducer passes through the other side of the mounting plate 901 and is mounted on a drive sprocket 904. A driven sprocket 905 is mounted on the drive sprocket 904 via a chain. The driven sprocket 905 is connected to a drive shaft. A drive roller 907 is mounted on the drive shaft. A matching driven roller 908 is mounted below the drive roller 907. The rollers drive the conduit assembly 10 forward in a straight line by static friction coupling. A roller shaft 916 is mounted at the center of the driven roller 908. The roller shaft 916 is slidably mounted between the mounting plates 901 via a disengagement mechanism. A guide ring 903 is installed at the top of the mounting plates 901 for the conduit assembly 10 to pass through, and a guide rod 906 is installed below the guide ring 903. After passing through the guide ring 903 and the guide rod 906, the conduit assembly 10 passes through the gap between the driving roller 907 and the driven roller 908, and the conduit assembly 10 makes frictional contact with the driving roller 907 and the driven roller 908.

[0026] Driven by the push motor 902, the push motor 902 outputs power after starting. After speed adjustment by the reducer, it drives the drive sprocket 904 to rotate. The drive sprocket 904 drives the driven sprocket 905 to rotate synchronously via a chain, which in turn drives the drive shaft connected to the driven sprocket 905 and the drive roller 907 on the shaft to rotate. The guide tube assembly 10 first passes through the guide ring 903 at the top between the mounting plates 901 to complete the initial positioning. Then, it is guided by the guide rod 906 below the guide ring 903 and finally passes through the gap between the drive roller 907 and the driven roller 908 below, maintaining frictional contact with the two rollers. The driven roller 908 can be slidably installed between the two mounting plates 901 through the central roller shaft 916 and the disengagement mechanism. It can adaptively adjust the fit of the outer diameter of the guide tube assembly 10 to ensure the stability of the friction transmission. When the active roller 907 rotates, it drives the catheter assembly 10 forward through friction, accurately passing through the trumpet-shaped conical guide port at the tail end of the expansion cannula 7 and the internal catheter channel 708, completing the cannulation action, and achieving smooth and accurate catheter pushing throughout the process.

[0027] The disengagement mechanism includes a hinge shaft 912 located at the top of the mounting plate 901, a disengagement plate 909 hinged to the hinge shaft 912, and a positioning bolt 910 threaded onto the disengagement plate 909. The mounting plate 901 has several positioning holes 913 arranged in a fan shape. Guide post 1 914 and guide post 2 915 are installed on the mounting plate 901 from top to bottom. A pull rope 911 is installed on the disengagement plate 909. The pull rope 911 passes through the guide post 1 914 and guide post 2 915 and then connects to the roller shaft 916. When pushing the guide tube assembly 10, the release plate 909 is rotated to move its end upwards. Once it reaches the designated position, the positioning bolt 910 is inserted into the corresponding positioning hole 913 to fix the release plate 909. At this time, the pull rope 911, under the traction of the release plate 909, drives the roller shaft 916 upwards, shortening the distance between it and the driving roller 907. This causes the upper and lower rollers to rub against the guide tube assembly 10, satisfying the static friction coupling requirement. When pushing the guide tube assembly 10 is no longer needed, the positioning bolt 910 is released, and the roller shaft 916 and its driven roller 908 return to their original position under their own gravity. The upper and lower rollers no longer perform static friction release on the guide tube assembly 10.

[0028] The catheter assembly 10 includes a catheter 1001 made of medical-grade PVC with a Shore A90 hardness. The inner wall of the catheter contains a spiral braided reinforcement layer to ensure pushing rigidity. The surface is coated with a hydrophilic lubricating coating, making it extremely slippery when wet. The front end is a rounded blunt tip with a Murphy side hole. An air bag 1002 is installed 3-4 cm from the port of the catheter 1001. The air bag 1002 is connected to a trachea 1003, which extends out of the catheter 1001 and is connected to an air pump.

[0029] The working process of this invention is as follows: First, the expansion sleeve 7 operates under the action of the "rotation-linear composite drive mechanism": the miniature forward and reverse motor 805 drives the lead screw 803 to rotate through the gear mechanism 804, the lead screw 803 drives the threaded nut block 802 to move, and the nut block 802 drives the sleeve 701 to obtain linear thrust through the connector 801; at the same time, the miniature rotary motor 705 outputs rotational torque, which is transmitted to the sleeve 701 through the coupling 704. The two combine to form a "spiral forward" motion, and the thread expansion pattern 702 at the far end of the sleeve 701 rotates synchronously and moves forward in a screw-in manner to form a regular puncture channel; Then, after the expansion channel is formed, the catheter pushing mechanism 9 is started. After the speed is adjusted by the reducer, the active sprocket 904 is driven to rotate. The active sprocket 904 drives the driven sprocket 905 and the connected active shaft to rotate through the chain, which in turn drives the active roller 907 to rotate. The active roller 907 drives the catheter assembly 10 to be pushed forward smoothly through the friction with the driven roller 908. The catheter 1001 enters the internal catheter channel 708 through the trumpet-shaped conical guide port at the tail end of the sleeve 701 and is accurately inserted into the target airway along the formed channel to complete the intubation action. Finally, after the intubation is in place, the air pump inflates the cuff 1002 through the trachea 1003. After the controller confirms that the cuff pressure is up to standard, the positioning bolt 910 is unscrewed to release the fixation of the release plate 909. The roller 916 and driven roller 908 reset under their own weight, and the upper and lower rollers are released from the static friction constraint on the catheter assembly 10. Then, the miniature forward and reverse motor 805 reverses, driving the puncture needle core 6 and the dilation cannula 7 as a whole to be smoothly withdrawn along the outside of the independently fixed catheter 1001. Finally, only the catheter 1001 remains in the patient's airway, and its proximal standard connector is exposed, which can be immediately connected to the ventilation equipment. The equipment simultaneously indicates that the operation is complete, and the entire intubation process is finished.

[0030] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic cricothyroid membrane puncture and cannulation gun, characterized in that: The gun includes a gun body (1), a gun head (4) is provided at the front of the gun body (1), an arc-shaped positioning support (5) is provided at the front end of the gun head (4), an expansion sleeve (7) is slidably provided inside the gun head (4), a puncture needle core (6) is provided inside the expansion sleeve (7), and a linear drive mechanism (8) is provided at one end of the expansion sleeve (7) located inside the shell of the gun body (1); a catheter pushing mechanism (9) is provided on the outer wall of the gun body (1) near the gun head (4), the catheter pushing mechanism (9) pushes a catheter assembly (10), the catheter assembly (10) is slidably provided inside the expansion sleeve (7), and a tapered hole is opened at the proximal end of the expansion sleeve (7) for the catheter assembly (10) to pass through; a control module is provided in the stock (3) of the gun body (1), and the control module is controlled by a trigger (2) to open.

2. The automatic cricothyroid membrane puncture and cannulation gun according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arc-shaped positioning support (5) includes a positioning support (501). A through hole is provided at the center of the positioning support (501) for the expansion sleeve (7) to pass through. A distance sensor (502) and an infrared blood vessel recognition sensor (503) are respectively embedded on the positioning support (501) on both sides of the through hole. The distance sensor (502) and the infrared blood vessel recognition sensor (503) transmit signals to the control module.

3. The automatic cricothyroid membrane puncture and cannulation gun according to claim 2, characterized in that: The positioning support (501) is made of medical silicone, with an inner arc conforming to the anatomical curvature of the neck, and a midline scale on the inner side.

4. The automatic cricothyroid membrane puncture and cannulation gun according to claim 1, characterized in that: The puncture needle core (6) includes a needle core (601), the distal end of which is provided with a beveled blade, and a flexible buffer head (602) is provided near the blade.

5. The automatic cricothyroid membrane puncture and cannulation gun according to claim 1, characterized in that: The expansion sleeve (7) includes a sleeve (701), and the outer wall of the distal end of the sleeve (701) is provided with a threaded expansion pattern (702). The proximal end of the sleeve (701) is integrally formed with a limiting groove (703) that is disposed together with the linear drive mechanism (8). The end of the sleeve (701) located at the distal end is provided with a coupling (704). The other end of the coupling (704) is provided with a micro rotary motor (705). The bottom of the micro rotary motor (705) is provided with a base slider (706). The bottom of the base slider (706) is slidably provided with a guide groove (707). The guide groove (707) is disposed inside the gun body (1). The sleeve (701) is provided with a conduit channel (708) that communicates with the tapered hole. The conduit assembly (10) is slidably disposed in the conduit channel (708).

6. The automatic cricothyroid membrane puncture and cannulation gun according to claim 5, characterized in that: The linear drive mechanism (8) includes a connector (801) disposed together with the limiting groove (703). The upper end of the connector (801) is disposed on the lead screw block (802). The lead screw block (802) is threadedly connected to the lead screw (803). One end of the lead screw (803) is rotatably disposed in the gun body (1), and the other end passes through the bearing seat and is connected to the gear mechanism (804). The gear mechanism (804) is driven by a micro forward and reverse motor (805).

7. The automatic cricothyroid membrane puncture and cannulation gun according to claim 6, characterized in that: The connector (801) includes a first collar (8011) sleeved on the nut block (802). The lower end of the first collar (8011) is integrally formed with a connecting rod (8012). The lower end of the connecting rod (8012) is integrally formed with a second collar (8013) that cooperates with the limiting groove (703). The lower end of the second collar (8013) is integrally formed with a limiting rod (8014). The bottom of the limiting rod (8014) is slidably disposed on the guide groove (707).

8. The automatic cricothyroid membrane puncture and cannulation gun according to claim 1, characterized in that: The catheter pushing mechanism (9) includes symmetrically arranged mounting plates (901). A pushing motor (902) is provided on the outer wall of one side of the mounting plate (901). The output end of the pushing motor (902) passes through the mounting plate (901) and is connected to a reducer. The output end of the reducer passes through the other side of the mounting plate (901) and is provided with a drive sprocket (904). A driven sprocket (905) is provided on the drive sprocket (904) via a chain. The driven sprocket (905) is connected to a drive shaft. A drive roller (907) is provided on the drive shaft. A matching driven roller (908) is provided below the drive roller (907). A roller shaft (916) is provided at the center of the driven roller (908), and the roller shaft (916) is slidably disposed between the mounting plates (901) via a disengagement mechanism; a guide ring (903) is provided at the top position between the mounting plates (901) for the conduit assembly (10) to pass through, and a guide rod (906) is provided below the guide ring (903); after passing through the guide ring (903), the conduit assembly (10) passes through the guide rod (906) and then passes through the gap between the driving roller (907) and the driven roller (908), and the conduit assembly (10) is in frictional contact with the driving roller (907) and the driven roller (908).

9. The automatic cricothyroid membrane puncture and cannulation gun according to claim 8, characterized in that: The disengagement mechanism includes a hinge shaft (912) located at the top of the mounting plate (901), a disengagement plate (909) is hinged to the hinge shaft (912), a positioning bolt (910) is threaded onto the disengagement plate (909), a plurality of positioning holes (913) are provided on the mounting plate (901), and the plurality of positioning holes (913) are distributed in a fan shape; a guide post one (914) and a guide post two (915) are arranged sequentially from top to bottom on the mounting plate (901), and a pull rope (911) is provided on the disengagement plate (909), the pull rope (911) passes around the guide post one (914) and the guide post two (915) in sequence and is connected to the roller shaft (916).

10. The automatic cricothyroid membrane puncture and cannulation gun according to claim 1, characterized in that: The catheter assembly (10) includes a catheter (1001), and an airbag (1002) is provided at the distal end of the catheter (1001) 3-4 cm from the port. The airbag (1002) is connected to a trachea (1003), and the trachea (1003) extends out of the catheter (1001) and is connected to an air pump.

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