A dust collection system dedicated to alternative fuels

Abstract

This invention discloses a dust collection system for alternative fuels, comprising a support frame, an air inlet box fixed above the support frame with an air inlet on one side, an air outlet box fixed above the air inlet box with an air outlet on one side, and a base plate separating the air inlet box from the base plate at the bottom. Multiple cloth bags extending into the air inlet box are fixed under the base plate, with their bottoms fixed to the lower part of the air inlet box and their upper ends penetrating the base plate into the air outlet box. A pyramidal dust collection box is connected below the air inlet box, with its bottom connected to a vertical discharge pipe, the bottom of which is connected to a horizontal screw conveyor pipe. Compared with existing technologies, this invention solves the problems of filtration accuracy adjustment, online unblocking, and anti-sticking and anti-clogging, and has significant economic and safety benefits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of dust removal equipment technology, specifically a dust collection system for alternative fuels. Background Technology

[0002] Alternative fuels (such as biomass pellets, RDF / SRF, chopped straw, and waste textiles) are increasingly used as low-carbon substitutes for coal in cement kilns, coal-fired boilers, and power plants. However, dust collection systems for alternative fuels face a series of unique challenges: their dust composition is complex, particle size distribution is wide, and they often have characteristics such as high moisture content, high viscosity, easy caking, and easy spontaneous combustion or flash explosion. Traditional pulse-jet bag filters generally suffer from problems such as fixed filtration accuracy, difficult dust removal, hopper clogging, and significant safety hazards when handling this type of dust.

[0003] In existing technologies, the pore size of filter bags is fixed during the design phase. When processing different batches of alternative fuels, either the filtration accuracy is insufficient, leading to excessive emissions, or the pore size is too small, causing frequent clogging and requiring shutdown to replace the filter bags, which seriously affects production efficiency.

[0004] Traditional pulse jet cleaning only blows air from the bag opening, resulting in rapid downward airflow attenuation and incomplete cleaning of the lower and middle parts of the bag. For wet, sticky, or fibrous dust, conventional pulse vibration is ineffective at removing it, leading to persistently high resistance and significantly increased energy consumption after long-term operation. The sloping surfaces of the pyramidal dust collection box easily accumulate wet, sticky dust, forming "rat holes" or "arches," causing unloading interruptions. Existing fixed nozzles have a single blowing direction, making it impossible to adjust according to the actual dust accumulation location, thus limiting cleaning effectiveness.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a dust collection system specifically for alternative fuels to solve the problems mentioned in the background art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a dust collection system for alternative fuels, comprising a support frame, an air inlet box fixed above the support frame, an air inlet on one side of the air inlet box, an air outlet box fixed above the air inlet box, an air outlet on one side of the air outlet box, and a bottom plate at the bottom of the air outlet box that divides the air inlet box.

[0007] Multiple cloth bags extending into the air inlet box are fixed under the bottom plate. The bottom of the cloth bags is fixedly mounted on the lower part of the air inlet box, and the upper end of the cloth bags passes through the bottom plate into the air outlet box.

[0008] A four-sided pyramidal dust collection box is connected below the air inlet box. The bottom of the dust collection box is connected to a vertical discharge pipe, and the bottom of the discharge pipe is connected to a horizontal screw conveyor pipe.

[0009] Furthermore, each of the bags has multiple rotating shafts circumferentially distributed inside the base plate, and each rotating shaft has a support plate sleeved on its outer wall.

[0010] Furthermore, the upper end of each of the aforementioned shafts rotates through to the top of the base plate and is fixed with a gear.

[0011] A gear ring is rotatably fitted onto the base plate corresponding to the position of each gear. The gear ring has teeth on both its inner and outer walls, and the inner teeth of the gear ring mesh with each corresponding gear.

[0012] A rack is slidably disposed on one side of each row of toothed rings on the base plate, and the rack meshes with the outer teeth of each corresponding toothed ring;

[0013] Each of the racks is fixed with a guide shaft at its front and rear ends. The guide shaft slides through both sides of the air outlet box. Each guide shaft is fixed together at the same end by a tie rod.

[0014] One of the levers is connected to the outer wall of the air outlet box via an adjustable telescopic cylinder.

[0015] Furthermore, multiple retaining rings are distributed axially inside the bag, and each of the corresponding rotating shafts is rotatably disposed in the retaining ring.

[0016] Furthermore, multiple nozzles are fixed inside the air outlet box, and multiple insertion tubes are fixed below the nozzles. Each insertion tube is inserted into the center of each cloth bag, and nozzle holes are distributed on the outer wall of the insertion tube.

[0017] Furthermore, connecting pipes are fixed to the upper part of the four inclined surfaces of the dust collection box. The connecting pipes extend to the outside of the dust collection box through air ducts. Multiple nozzles are rotatably and continuously connected to the outer wall of each connecting pipe.

[0018] Furthermore, a lifting frame is provided inside the dust collection box, and each nozzle is hinged to the lifting frame via a connecting rod;

[0019] The lifting frame is hinged to the side wall of the dust collection box on both sides by tilting telescopic cylinders.

[0020] Furthermore, a first valve and a second valve are respectively provided at the upper and lower ends of the discharge pipe.

[0021] Furthermore, a flameless pressure relief device is provided on one side wall of the air inlet box.

[0022] Furthermore, a temperature sensor and a spray nozzle are installed inside the air inlet box.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0024] In this invention, by adjusting the transmission of the telescopic cylinder, rack, gear ring, and gears, the rotation angle of each rotating shaft and support plate can be controlled synchronously, allowing the filter bag diameter to actively expand or contract during operation. When expanded, the mesh size increases and the airflow penetration is enhanced, which can clear blockages caused by wet stickiness and caking online; when contracted, the mesh size decreases, allowing for switching of filtration precision for alternative fuels of different particle sizes (such as coarsely crushed straw and fine powdered RDF), without the need to stop the machine to replace the filter bag, significantly improving the system's adaptability to different materials.

[0025] In this invention, a centrally inserted nozzle and tube structure is adopted, with nozzles distributed along the axial direction of the tube. Compressed air is sprayed radially from multiple points at the center of the filter bag, achieving uniform dust removal along the entire length of the filter bag and avoiding residue at the bottom. At the same time, the variable-diameter filter bag actively expands and contracts before and after dust removal, causing significant radial deformation of the filter bag, forcibly removing wet, sticky, oily, or fibrous stubborn dust, and significantly reducing the frequency and energy consumption of pulse backflushing.

[0026] In this invention, rotatable nozzles are installed above the four inclined surfaces of the dust collection box. A tilting telescopic cylinder drives the lifting frame and connecting rod, allowing for simultaneous adjustment of the spray angle of all nozzles. The blowing direction is dynamically adjusted according to the material's moisture content and viscosity (e.g., downward flushing of the inclined surface root or horizontal blowing of the middle). Combined with a pulse air source, high-pressure blowing is periodically applied to the inner wall of the four-sided pyramid, effectively preventing the accumulation, arching, or adhesion of alternative fuel dust, ensuring the material smoothly falls into the discharge pipe.

[0027] In this invention, a first valve and a second valve are respectively installed at the upper and lower ends of the discharge pipe. These valves alternately open and close to achieve dust storage and airlock functions, preventing external air from being drawn back into the dust collection system, ensuring stable internal negative pressure, and preventing dust overflow to meet environmental emission requirements. A flameless pressure relief device is installed on the side wall of the air inlet box. In the event of a dust flash explosion, it can quickly release pressure without any open flame, ensuring the safety of equipment and personnel. An internal temperature sensor and spray nozzles monitor the temperature in real time. Once the set value is exceeded, the control system automatically activates the spray system for fire extinguishing and cooling, preventing fires and secondary explosions at the source. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a dust collection system specifically designed for alternative fuels.

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the air inlet box;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the bag;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a gear and a gear ring.

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure inside the bag;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure inside the bag;

[0034] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the dust collection box;

[0035] In the diagram: 1. Support frame; 2. Air inlet box; 21. Air inlet; 22. Filter bag; 23. Support plate; 24. Snap ring; 25. Rotating shaft; 26. Gear; 3. Air outlet box; 31. Air outlet; 32. Base plate; 33. Gear ring; 34. Gear rack; 35. Guide shaft; 36. Tie rod; 37. Adjustable telescopic cylinder; 38. Spray pipe; 39. Insert pipe; 310. Spray hole; 4. Dust collection box; 41. Air duct; 42. Connecting pipe; 43. Nozzle; 44. Lifting frame; 45. Connecting rod; 46. Tilting telescopic cylinder; 5. Discharge pipe; 51. First valve; 52. Second valve; 6. Screw conveyor pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0036] Please see Figures 1-5 In this embodiment of the invention, a dust collection system for alternative fuels includes a support frame 1, an air inlet box 2 fixed above the support frame 1, an air inlet 21 provided on one side of the air inlet box 2, an air outlet box 3 fixed above the air inlet box 2, an air outlet 31 provided on one side of the air outlet box 3, and a bottom plate 32 that divides the air inlet box 2 at the bottom of the air outlet box 3.

[0037] A plurality of cloth bags 22 extending into the air inlet box 2 are fixed under the bottom plate 32. The bottom of the cloth bags 22 is fixedly mounted on the lower part of the air inlet box 2, and the upper end of the cloth bags 22 passes through the bottom plate 32 into the air outlet box 3.

[0038] A four-sided pyramidal dust collection box 4 is connected below the air inlet box 2. The bottom of the dust collection box 4 is connected to a vertical discharge pipe 5, and the bottom of the discharge pipe 5 is connected to a horizontal screw conveyor pipe 6.

[0039] Dust-laden gas enters the air inlet box 2 through the air inlet 21. Larger dust particles fall into the dust collection box 4 below under the action of gravity, while the remaining dust is intercepted by the filter bags 22. Clean air passes through the filter bags 22 into the air outlet box 3 and is finally discharged from the air outlet 31. As the system operates, dust on the surface of the filter bags 22 falls into the dust collection box 4, and is then collected in the four-sided pyramidal dust collection box 4 to the bottom discharge pipe 5. Finally, it enters the horizontal screw conveyor pipe 6 and is sealed and transported to the external collection point by the screw conveyor pipe 6.

[0040] In this embodiment, each of the cloth bags 22 has multiple rotating shafts 25 rotatably arranged under the base plate 32, and each rotating shaft 25 is fitted with a support piece 23 on its outer wall.

[0041] The cloth bag 22 is fitted over the corresponding support piece 23 to provide support for the cloth bag 22.

[0042] In this embodiment, the upper end of each of the rotating shafts 25 rotates through to the top of the bottom plate 32 and is fixed with a gear 26.

[0043] A gear ring 33 is rotatably fitted on the base plate 32 corresponding to the position of each gear 26. The gear ring 33 has teeth on both its inner and outer walls, and the inner teeth of the gear ring 33 mesh with each corresponding gear 26.

[0044] A rack 34 is slidably disposed on one side of each row of toothed rings 33 on the base plate 32, and the rack 34 meshes with the outer teeth of each corresponding toothed ring 33.

[0045] Each rack 34 has a guide shaft 35 fixed at its front and rear ends. The guide shaft 35 slides through both sides of the air outlet box 3. Each guide shaft 35 is fixed together at the same end by a pull rod 36.

[0046] One of the pull rods 36 is connected to the outer wall of the air outlet box 3 via an adjusting telescopic cylinder 37.

[0047] In other words, by adjusting the extension and retraction of the telescopic cylinder 37, each rack 34 can be driven to slide, thereby synchronously adjusting the rotation angle of each gear ring 33, and then adjusting the rotation angle of each gear 26 and support plate 23. When the support plate 23 tilts outward, it can expand the diameter of the cloth bag 22 and increase the mesh size.

[0048] When the dust layer on the surface of the filter bag 22 is too thick or becomes wet and sticky, the support plate 23 can be driven to tilt outward, which will expand the diameter of the filter bag 22 and enlarge the mesh. This will destroy the bridging structure of the dust layer on the one hand, and increase the filter pore size on the other hand, so that the airflow can re-penetrate, thereby clearing the filter bag online and replacing or reducing the frequency and energy consumption of pulse backflushing.

[0049] When processing different batches of alternative fuels (such as coarsely crushed straw and fine powdered RDF), the support plate 23 can be adjusted in the opposite direction to retract inward, reducing the diameter and mesh size of the filter bag 22, thereby achieving a switch from coarse to medium efficiency filtration without stopping the machine to replace the filter bag.

[0050] In this embodiment, a plurality of retaining rings 24 are distributed axially inside the cloth bag 22, and each of the corresponding rotating shafts 25 is rotatably disposed in the retaining ring 24.

[0051] The retaining ring 24 can restrict the radial position of the rotating shaft 25, preventing deformation of the middle part of the cloth bag 22.

[0052] In this embodiment, multiple nozzles 38 are fixed inside the air outlet box 3, and multiple insertion tubes 39 are fixed below the nozzles 38. Each insertion tube 39 is inserted into the center of each cloth bag 22, and nozzle holes 310 are distributed on the outer wall of the insertion tube 39.

[0053] The nozzle 38 is connected to the pulse valve and the air source. When the pulse valve is open, compressed air is radially ejected from the nozzle 310 through the nozzle 38 and the insertion tube 39, directly impacting the inner wall of the filter bag 22. Compared with the traditional method of blowing only at the bag opening, this central multi-point radial blowing can more evenly remove dust along the entire length of the filter bag, avoiding incomplete cleaning of the lower part.

[0054] In addition, before and after pulse cleaning, actively expanding and then retracting the filter bag 22 can cause the filter bag to undergo radial deformation with a greater amplitude than pulse vibration, forcibly peeling off stubbornly adhered dust.

[0055] In this embodiment, connecting pipes 42 are fixed on the upper part of the four inclined surfaces of the dust collection box 4. The connecting pipes 42 extend to the outside of the dust collection box 4 through the air duct 41. Each connecting pipe 42 has multiple nozzles 43 rotatably and continuously connected to its outer wall.

[0056] The air duct 41 is connected to the pulse valve and the air source. When the pulse valve is open, compressed air is sprayed from each nozzle 43 through the connecting pipe 42, which can actively clean the inclined surface of the dust collection box 4 and prevent alternative fuel dust from accumulating, arching or sticking to the inner wall of the pyramid.

[0057] In this embodiment, a lifting frame 44 is provided inside the dust collection box 4, and each nozzle 43 is hinged to the lifting frame 44 via a connecting rod 45;

[0058] The lifting frame 44 is hinged to the side wall of the dust collection box 4 on both sides by tilting telescopic cylinders 46.

[0059] In other words, by controlling the tilting telescopic cylinder 46, the height of the lifting frame 44 can be controlled, thereby causing the connecting rod 45 to pull each nozzle 43 to change the tilt angle of the nozzle 43. Thus, the blowing direction can be dynamically adjusted according to the humidity, viscosity and dust accumulation position of the material (for example, when dealing with wet and sticky straw powder, it can be adjusted to tilt downward to strongly flush the root of the slope, and when dealing with dry wood chips, it can be adjusted to horizontally blow the middle). This achieves efficient and dead-angle-free slope cleaning, avoiding dust retention for a long time, which may cause blockage of the discharge pipe 5 or affect the dust removal efficiency.

[0060] In this embodiment, the upper end and the lower end of the discharge pipe 5 are respectively provided with a first valve 51 and a second valve 52.

[0061] By alternately opening and closing the first valve 51 and the second valve 52, the dust in the dust collection box 4 can be temporarily stored in the discharge pipe 5 and sent away by the screw conveyor pipe 6, which can also play a role in locking the air.

[0062] In this embodiment, a flameless pressure relief device is provided on one side wall of the air inlet box 2 to deal with possible dust flash explosions.

[0063] In this embodiment, a temperature sensor and a spray nozzle are installed inside the air inlet box 2.

[0064] Temperature sensors can monitor the internal temperature of the dust collector. If the temperature is higher than the set value, the control system can control the nozzles to spray water to extinguish the fire and cool down the dust collector.

[0065] In practice, dust-laden gas enters the air inlet box 2 through the air inlet 21. Larger dust particles fall into the dust collection box 4 below under gravity, while the remaining dust is intercepted by the filter bags 22. Clean air passes through the filter bags 22 into the air outlet box 3 and is finally discharged from the air outlet 31. When the dust layer on the surface of the filter bags 22 is too thick or becomes wet and sticky, the telescopic cylinder 37 is adjusted to drive the pull rod 36, guide shaft 35, and rack 34 to slide, driving the gear ring 33 to rotate, which in turn drives the gear 26 and rotating shaft 25 to rotate, causing the support plate 23 to tilt outward, expanding the diameter of the filter bags 22 and widening the mesh, thereby destroying the dust bridging structure and clearing the filter bags online. When processing different batches of fuel, the support plate 23 can also be adjusted in the opposite direction to retract inward, changing the filtration accuracy. During dust removal, the pulse valve opens, and compressed air is radially ejected from the nozzle 310 through the spray pipe 38 and the insertion pipe 39, evenly impacting the inner wall of the filter bag 22 to peel off dust. Simultaneously, it can be used to expand / retract the filter bag 22 to create radial deformation, forcibly peeling off stubborn dust. Dust falling into the dust collection box 4 is collected through the four-sided pyramidal inclined surface to the discharge pipe 5. To prevent the inclined surface from sticking to the wall, the tilting telescopic cylinder 46 drives the lifting frame 44 to move up and down, changing the tilt angle of the nozzle 43 via the connecting rod 45. At the same time, the pulse valve opens, allowing compressed air to be ejected from the nozzle 43 through the air duct 41 and connecting pipe 42, dynamically cleaning the inclined surface. The first valve 51 at the upper end and the second valve 52 at the lower end of the discharge pipe 5 alternately open and close, temporarily storing the dust and locking the air before sending it into the horizontal screw conveyor pipe 6, sealing and transporting it to the external collection point. In addition, the flameless pressure relief device on the side wall of the air inlet box 2 is used for dust flash explosion protection, and the built-in temperature sensor and spray nozzles automatically spray water to extinguish and cool the dust when the temperature exceeds the standard.

[0066] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dust collection system specifically for alternative fuels, comprising a support frame (1), characterized in that, An air inlet box (2) is fixed above the bracket (1). An air inlet (21) is provided on one side of the air inlet box (2). An air outlet box (3) is fixed above the air inlet box (2). An air outlet (31) is provided on one side of the air outlet box (3). The bottom of the air outlet box (3) is a base plate (32) that separates the air inlet box (2). The bottom plate (32) is fixed with a plurality of cloth bags (22) extending into the air inlet box (2). The bottom of the cloth bags (22) is fixedly mounted on the lower part of the air inlet box (2), and the upper end of the cloth bags (22) passes through the bottom plate (32) into the air outlet box (3). The air inlet box (2) is connected to a four-sided pyramid-shaped dust collection box (4) below it. The bottom of the dust collection box (4) is connected to a vertical discharge pipe (5). The bottom of the discharge pipe (5) is connected to a horizontal screw conveyor pipe (6).

2. The dust collection system for alternative fuels according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the bags (22) has multiple rotating shafts (25) circumferentially distributed inside the bottom plate (32), and each of the rotating shafts (25) has a support plate (23) sleeved on its outer wall.

3. The dust collection system for alternative fuels according to claim 2, characterized in that, The upper end of each of the aforementioned shafts (25) rotates through to the top of the base plate (32) and is fixed with a gear (26). A gear ring (33) is rotatably fitted on the base plate (32) corresponding to the position of each gear (26). The gear ring (33) has teeth on both its inner and outer walls, and the inner teeth of the gear ring (33) mesh with each corresponding gear (26). A rack (34) is slidably provided on one side of each row of toothed rings (33) on the base plate (32), and the rack (34) meshes with the outer teeth of each corresponding toothed ring (33); Each of the racks (34) has a guide shaft (35) fixed at its front and rear ends. The guide shaft (35) slides through both sides of the air box (3). Each of the guide shafts (35) is fixed together at the same end by a pull rod (36). One of the pull rods (36) is connected to the outer wall of the air outlet box (3) via an adjusting telescopic cylinder (37).

4. The dust collection system for alternative fuels according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bag (22) has multiple retaining rings (24) distributed along the axial direction, and each of the corresponding rotating shafts (25) is rotatably disposed in the retaining ring (24).

5. The dust collection system for alternative fuels according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple nozzles (38) are fixed inside the air outlet box (3), and multiple insertion tubes (39) are fixed below the nozzles (38). Each insertion tube (39) is inserted into the center of each cloth bag (22), and nozzle holes (310) are distributed on the outer wall of the insertion tube (39).

6. The dust collection system for alternative fuels according to claim 5, characterized in that, The dust collection box (4) has four inclined surfaces with connecting pipes (42) fixed on the upper part. The connecting pipes (42) are connected to the outside of the dust collection box (4) through the air duct (41). Each connecting pipe (42) has multiple nozzles (43) rotatably and continuously connected to its outer wall.

7. A dust collection system for alternative fuels according to claim 6, characterized in that, The dust collection box (4) is equipped with a lifting frame (44), and each nozzle (43) is hinged to the lifting frame (44) via a connecting rod (45); The lifting frame (44) is hinged to the side wall of the dust collection box (4) on both sides by tilting telescopic cylinders (46).

8. A dust collection system for alternative fuels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper and lower ends of the discharge pipe (5) are respectively equipped with a first valve (51) and a second valve (52).

9. A dust collection system for alternative fuels according to claim 1, characterized in that, A flameless pressure relief device is provided on one side wall of the air inlet box (2).

10. A dust collection system for alternative fuels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air inlet box (2) is equipped with a temperature sensor and a spray nozzle.

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