Disassembly and assembly device

Abstract

This application relates to a disassembly and assembly device, including an upper lifting structure comprising a mounting base and a lifting assembly, the lifting assembly being disposed on the mounting base; and a bottom support structure movably mounted on a rail and located below the upper lifting structure; the bottom support structure includes a support platform and a follower assembly, the follower assembly being disposed on the support platform; wherein, the lifting assembly is configured to connect with a functional component and drive the functional component to move to the follower assembly; the follower assembly is configured to slide relative to the support platform during the descent of the functional component to support the functional component. This application, by detachably fixing the upper lifting structure to the vehicle body and combining it with the lifting assembly, enables the smooth lifting and lowering of the functional component. Furthermore, the follower assembly of the bottom support structure can utilize the functional component's own weight to switch the unstable posture of the functional component to a stable posture, thereby reducing the risk of collisions, falls, and personnel injuries caused by improper manual control, greatly improving operational safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of rail maintenance technology for rail transit vehicles, and in particular to disassembly and assembly devices. Background Technology

[0002] Rail grinding vehicles are key equipment for ensuring the smoothness of railway lines. Their core functional components, such as the grinding motor, require regular maintenance or replacement. These components are typically large and heavy, and are installed in a compact location, below the vehicle body and above the rails.

[0003] In related technologies, the disassembly and assembly of such functional components mainly rely on manual labor, which has the disadvantages of high labor intensity, low work efficiency, and long time consumption. More seriously, due to the confined operating space and the bulky nature of the functional components, there is a high risk of accidents such as personnel being injured by falling objects or damage to functional components or vehicle parts during manual disassembly and assembly, posing significant safety hazards. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a disassembly and assembly device to address the current issues of large and heavy functional components, which are prone to injury due to limited operating space and the bulky nature of the components during manual disassembly and assembly.

[0005] This application provides a disassembly and assembly device for disassembling functional components of a rail grinding vehicle. The disassembly and assembly device includes:

[0006] The upper hoisting structure is detachably mounted on the rail grinding vehicle. The upper hoisting structure includes a mounting base and a hoisting assembly, and the hoisting assembly is mounted on the mounting base.

[0007] The bottom support structure is movably mounted on the rails and located below the upper hoisting structure; the bottom support structure includes a support platform and a follower component, the follower component being mounted on the support platform;

[0008] The hoisting assembly is configured to connect with the functional component and move the functional component to the follower assembly; the follower assembly is configured to slide relative to the support platform during the descent of the functional component to support the functional component.

[0009] In one embodiment, the upper hoisting structure further includes:

[0010] A fixing clamp is fixed to one end of the mounting base along a first direction;

[0011] A movable clamping assembly is located at the other end of the mounting base along the first direction. A clamping position is constructed between the movable clamping assembly and the fixed clamping member to clamp the bottom beam of the rail grinding vehicle.

[0012] In one embodiment, a limiting groove is provided between the fixing clamp and the mounting base, and the depth direction of the limiting groove is consistent with the first direction;

[0013] The movable clamping assembly includes a driving component and a moving component. The driving component is disposed on the mounting base, and the moving component is connected to the output end of the driving component. The driving component is configured to drive the moving component to move in the first direction to adjust the size of the clamping position.

[0014] In one embodiment, the movable member includes an anti-detachment part and a clamping part, the anti-detachment part being located on the side of the clamping part opposite to the mounting base, the anti-detachment part being used to contact the vertical surface of the vehicle floor beam, and the clamping part being used to abut against the horizontal end of the vehicle floor beam;

[0015] And / or, the driving component includes a driving member and a limiting housing, the limiting housing is disposed on the mounting base, the moving member is located inside the limiting housing, and a portion of the driving member passes through the limiting housing and is connected to the moving member.

[0016] In one embodiment, the hoisting assembly includes:

[0017] A winch is mounted on the aforementioned mounting base;

[0018] The guide wheel is located on the mounting base and is spaced apart from the winch;

[0019] The pull rope has one end connected to the winch and the other end connected to the functional component. The pull rope is wound around the guide wheel.

[0020] In one embodiment, the follower component includes:

[0021] Guide rails are fixed to the support platform;

[0022] The follower block is slidably mounted on the guide rail;

[0023] A contouring bracket is provided on the follower block, and the contouring bracket is used to support the functional component;

[0024] During the process of the hoisting assembly moving the functional component downward, under the gravity of the functional component, the follower block drives the contour bracket to move along the guide rail to adjust the posture of the functional component.

[0025] In one embodiment, the follower component further includes an elastic element disposed between the contouring bracket and the follower block, so that the free end of the contouring bracket is disposed away from the support platform; during the process of the hoisting component driving the functional component to descend, the contouring bracket is used to adjust the functional component from a vertical posture to a horizontal posture;

[0026] And / or, the functional component includes a grinding motor.

[0027] In one embodiment, the support platform includes a first support plate and a second support plate, which are connected by a hinge to allow the support platform to switch between an unfolded state and a folded state.

[0028] The follower component is disposed on at least one of the first support plate and the second support plate.

[0029] In one embodiment, the first support plate and the second support plate are respectively provided with a protruding part and a recessed part that fit into each other at their abutting ends. When the support platform is in the unfolded state, the protruding part is pressed into the recessed part.

[0030] And / or, the hinge includes a heavy-duty hinge.

[0031] In one embodiment, the support platform is provided with a traveling wheel and a limiting wheel on the side away from the follower component. The traveling wheel is used to contact the top surface of the rail, and the limiting wheel is used to contact the side surface of the rail.

[0032] The aforementioned assembly and disassembly device, by detachably fixing the upper lifting structure to the vehicle body, enables the rapid and convenient establishment of stable lifting anchor points in operating environments lacking large lifting equipment. Furthermore, combined with the lifting components, it allows for the smooth lifting and lowering of functional components. Additionally, the follow-up components of the bottom support structure utilize the component's own weight to switch unstable postures to stable ones, reducing the risk of collisions, falls, and personnel injuries caused by improper manual control, thus significantly improving operational safety.

[0033] Furthermore, the disassembly and assembly device provided in this embodiment adopts a modular design, with each component capable of independent disassembly, assembly, folding, and storage, making it highly portable and well-suited for on-site work environments with limited space. The tool utilizes existing steel rails as transfer tracks, eliminating the need for additional track laying or transporting heavy transfer equipment, effectively reducing transfer costs and operational complexity. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of the disassembly and assembly device provided according to some embodiments of this application in its use state.

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the upper hoisting structure provided according to some embodiments of this application.

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an active clamping assembly provided according to some embodiments of this application.

[0037] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of a hoisting assembly provided according to some embodiments of this application.

[0038] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom support structure provided according to some embodiments of this application.

[0039] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom support structure provided according to some embodiments of this application in a folded state.

[0040] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a follower component provided according to some embodiments of this application.

[0041] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a support platform provided according to some embodiments of this application.

[0042] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the usage process of the disassembly and assembly device provided according to some embodiments of this application.

[0043] 10. Undercarriage beam; 20. Functional components; 50. Rails;

[0044] 300. Upper hoisting structure; 310. Mounting base; 320. Hoisting assembly; 321. Winch; 322. Guide wheel; 323. Pull rope; 330. Fixed clamping component; 340. Movable clamping assembly; 341. Drive component; 342. Moving component;

[0045] 400. Bottom support structure; 410. Support platform; 411. First support plate; 412. Second support plate; 420. Follower component; 421. Guide rail; 422. Follower block; 423. Contouring bracket; 430. Traveling wheel; 440. Limiting wheel;

[0046] First direction - X direction. Detailed Implementation

[0047] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0048] In the description of this application, it should be understood that if terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" appear, these terms indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0049] Furthermore, where the terms "first" and "second" appear, these terms are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, where the term "multiple" appears, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0050] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0051] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the use of descriptions such as "above" or "below" the second feature indicates that the first and second features are in direct contact or indirect contact via an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. Similarly, "below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0052] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. If an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. If so, the terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0053] As mentioned in the background section, while some maintenance operations utilize movable support platforms on rails, these platforms typically only address the horizontal transfer of materials. For disassembly and assembly operations, two major technical challenges remain: First, large, fixed hoisting equipment (such as overhead cranes) is often lacking at the work site, making it difficult to quickly and securely establish an anchor point for vertical hoisting; second, the crucial shift in orientation—from vertical mounting on the vehicle body to horizontal transport on the platform—still requires manual control, making the operation complex and extremely risky.

[0054] To address the aforementioned problems, this application provides a disassembly and assembly device. By detachably fixing the upper lifting structure to the vehicle body, it enables the rapid and convenient establishment of stable lifting anchor points in operating environments lacking large lifting equipment. Furthermore, combined with the lifting components, it allows for the smooth lifting and lowering of functional components. Additionally, the follow-up components of the bottom support structure can utilize the weight of the functional components to switch unstable postures to stable postures, thereby reducing the risk of collisions, falls, and personnel injuries caused by improper manual control, and significantly improving operational safety.

[0055] Furthermore, the disassembly and assembly device provided in this embodiment adopts a modular design, with each component capable of independent disassembly, assembly, folding, and storage, making it highly portable and well-suited for on-site work environments with limited space. The tool utilizes existing steel rails as transfer tracks, eliminating the need for additional track laying or transporting heavy transfer equipment, effectively reducing transfer costs and operational complexity.

[0056] Before providing a further detailed description of the embodiments of this application, some of the nouns and terms involved in the embodiments of this application will be explained. The nouns and terms involved in the embodiments of this application are subject to the following interpretations.

[0057] Functional components: These are components that need to be disassembled or installed using this disassembly and assembly device. In the preferred application scenario of this application, they specifically refer to the grinding motor of the rail grinding vehicle, but are not limited to this. They can also be other components installed at the bottom of the vehicle that have considerable weight and volume, such as gearboxes, pump sets, etc.

[0058] Upper hoisting structure: refers to a collection of devices detachably installed on the rail grinding vehicle body (such as the underbody beam) to provide hoisting force for functional components. Its core function is to quickly construct a temporary and reliable hoisting anchor point on sites lacking large lifting equipment such as overhead cranes.

[0059] Bottom support structure: refers to a collection of devices that can be movably placed on steel rails to support, transport, and assist functional components in changing their posture. Its core function is to replace manual handling and mechanically solve the problem of posture changes of functional components from the installation position to the transportation position.

[0060] Follow-up component: This refers to the core mechanism installed on the bottom support structure, which actively adapts to and guides the functional component to complete the attitude change during the descent of the functional component by means of gravity or external forces, such as sliding. Its follow-up characteristic is reflected in the fact that it does not require external power to drive it, but follows and guides the movement trend of the functional component to achieve automated operation.

[0061] Clamping position: This refers to the specific space formed by the fixed clamping components and movable clamping assemblies of the upper hoisting structure, used to accommodate and clamp the underframe beam of the rail grinding vehicle. The size of this space is adjustable to accommodate underframe beams of different specifications.

[0062] A winch is a power device used for winding and releasing a traction rope; it can be manual or electric. In this application, a winch with a self-locking function is preferred, meaning that the drum automatically locks when power is stopped, preventing the heavy object from accidentally falling due to gravity, thereby significantly improving operational safety.

[0063] See Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a disassembly and assembly device provided according to some embodiments of this application in its use state. One embodiment of this application provides a disassembly and assembly device for disassembling a functional component 20 (e.g., a grinding motor) of a rail grinding vehicle. The device may include an upper hoisting structure 300 and a bottom support structure 400.

[0064] The upper hoisting structure 300 is detachably mounted on the steel rail 50 grinding vehicle. The upper hoisting structure 300 includes a mounting base 310 and a hoisting assembly 320, with the hoisting assembly 320 mounted on the mounting base 310. The bottom support structure 400 is movably mounted on the steel rail 50 and located below the upper hoisting structure 300. The bottom support structure 400 includes a support platform 410 and a follower assembly 420, with the follower assembly 420 mounted on the support platform 410. The hoisting assembly 320 is configured to connect with the functional component 20 and drive the functional component 20 to move to the follower assembly 420. The follower assembly 420 is configured to slide relative to the support platform 410 during the descent of the functional component 20 to support the functional component 20.

[0065] Understandably, the upper lifting structure 300 is designed to be detachably mounted on the body structure of the rail 50 grinding vehicle, such as the bottom beam 10. The bottom support structure 400 is designed to be movably mounted on the rail 50, and in use, its position is approximately below the upper lifting structure 300 to receive the functional component 20 lowered from above, as well as subsequent transfer operations.

[0066] Specifically, the upper lifting structure 300 includes a mounting base 310 and a lifting assembly 320. The mounting base 310 is the main frame of the upper lifting structure 300, used to fix itself to the vehicle body and provide an installation reference for other components. The lifting assembly 320 is located at the bottom of the mounting base 310 and its function is to provide vertical lifting capability for lifting or lowering the functional component 20.

[0067] Furthermore, a clamping mechanism can be provided on the mounting plate to clamp and fix it to the vehicle body. Alternatively, the mounting base 310 can have holes to fix it to the vehicle body via quick-release pins; or, the mounting base 310 can adopt a clamp-type structure to grip the underbody beam 10 from both sides. The specific connection method between the mounting base 310 and the vehicle body is not specifically limited here.

[0068] The hoisting structure may include a winch and a wire rope, such as a power-assisted winch with a two-way self-locking function. This type of winch has a worm gear or ratchet and pawl mechanism inside. When the operator turns the handle, the winch can raise and lower the wire rope. When the turning stops, the winch automatically locks, and the wire rope will not slide down due to gravity, thus ensuring that the functional component 20 can be safely suspended at any height.

[0069] After the operator connects the connector at the end of the wire rope to the lifting point of the functional component 20, the functional component 20 can be easily lifted or lowered in a controlled manner by cranking the winch handle. Due to the self-locking characteristic of the winch, the operator can stop operating and release at any time, and the functional component 20 will be steadily suspended in the current position.

[0070] In some examples, the lifting assembly 320 can also be a hand chain hoist, and the specific structure of the lifting assembly 320 is not limited here.

[0071] The bottom support structure 400 includes a support platform 410 and a follower component 420. The support platform 410 is the foundation of the bottom support structure 400, used to support the weight of the functional component 20, and is capable of moving on the rail 50. The follower component 420 is located on the support platform 410 and is a key component for ensuring the safe support and attitude transformation of the functional component 20.

[0072] Furthermore, the support platform 410 can be a support plate with wheels 430 at the bottom to facilitate movement on the rail 50. Alternatively, a limiting wheel 440 can be provided to guide and prevent derailment. That is, when the support platform 410 shifts laterally, the limiting wheel 440 will immediately contact and roll against the inner wall of the rail 50, preventing the platform from derailing and ensuring smooth movement.

[0073] During the disassembly and assembly of functional component 20, the upper lifting structure 300 and the bottom support structure 400 need to work together to complete the disassembly. First, the lifting assembly 320 of the upper lifting structure 300 establishes a connection with the functional component 20 to be disassembled. After the fixed connection between functional component 20 and the vehicle body is removed, the lifting assembly 320 can be operated to control the slow descent of functional component 20.

[0074] As functional component 20 descends, it comes into contact with the follower assembly 420 of the bottom support structure 400 located below it. At this time, the lifting assembly 320 continues to lower functional component 20, and the weight of functional component 20 is applied to the follower assembly 420. The follower assembly 420 is configured to slide or move relative to the support platform 410 during the continuous descent and pressure application of functional component 20, thereby smoothly supporting the entire functional component 20 and adapting to changes in its position and orientation.

[0075] Taking the disassembly of the grinding motor as an example, the operation process of this disassembly and assembly device is explained, such as... Figure 9 As shown.

[0076] First, install the upper hoisting structure 300 onto the vehicle body near the motor to be dismantled, ensuring a secure connection. Remove the bottom support structure 400 and place it on the rail 50 below the motor, adjusting its position so that the follower component 420 is directly below the motor.

[0077] Next, pull out the wire rope of the upper hoisting structure 300 and reliably connect the end hook to the lifting eye nut on the top of the motor. Operate the winch handle to tighten the wire rope, so that the wire rope is slightly stressed but still maintains the motor's installed state without stress deformation. At this time, part of the motor's weight is distributed by the hoisting mechanism, but the fixing bolts have not yet been subjected to disassembly force. This allows the operators to easily remove the motor's fixing bolts.

[0078] After confirming that all bolts had been removed, the workers turned the winch handle in the opposite direction, using the winch's damping control to make the motor descend at an extremely slow and uniform speed.

[0079] As the motor descends, it contacts the follower assembly 420 at the edge of its bottom flange. As the motor continues to descend, the pressure exerted by the motor on the follower assembly 420 generates a horizontal component force, driving the follower assembly 420 to slide relative to the support platform 410 until the motor is completely on the follower assembly 420 and the support platform 410.

[0080] Finally, the workers disconnected the wire rope from the motor and pushed the support platform 410, allowing the platform carrying the motor to move smoothly along the rail 50 to an open area outside the vehicle. The upper hoisting mechanism was then removed from the vehicle body for future use.

[0081] In summary, the disassembly and assembly device provided in this application embodiment, by detachably fixing the upper hoisting structure 300 to the vehicle body, can quickly and conveniently establish a stable hoisting anchor point in working environments lacking large hoisting equipment. Furthermore, combined with the hoisting assembly 320, it enables the smooth lifting and lowering of the functional component 20. Additionally, the follow-up assembly 420 of the bottom support structure 400 can utilize the weight of the functional component 20 itself to switch the unstable posture of the functional component 20 to a stable posture, thereby reducing the risk of collisions, falls, and personnel injuries caused by improper manual control, and greatly improving operational safety.

[0082] Furthermore, the disassembly and assembly device provided in this embodiment adopts a split design, and each component can be independently disassembled, folded, and stored, making it highly portable and well-suited for on-site work environments with limited space. The tool utilizes existing steel rails 50 as transfer tracks, eliminating the need for additional track laying or transporting heavy transfer equipment, effectively reducing transfer costs and operational complexity.

[0083] Below, we will combine the appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 9 The specific structure of the disassembly and assembly device provided in the embodiments of this application will be described in detail.

[0084] like Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the upper hoisting structure provided according to some embodiments of this application. In some embodiments, the upper hoisting structure 300 further includes a fixed clamping member 330 and a movable clamping assembly 340. The fixed clamping member 330 is fixed to one end of the mounting base 310 along a first direction (X direction); the movable clamping assembly 340 is disposed at the other end of the mounting base 310 along the first direction (X direction), and a clamping position is constructed between the movable clamping assembly 340 and the fixed clamping member 330 to clamp the underbody beam 10 of the rail 50 grinding vehicle.

[0085] It is understood that the first direction (X direction) can be the direction along the length of the vehicle underbeam 10, that is, the direction in which the upper hoisting structure 300 extends along the vehicle underbeam 10 after installation. In this embodiment, the fixed clamping member 330 and the movable clamping assembly 340 are arranged opposite to each other, and the space between them is the area that accommodates and clamps the vehicle underbeam 10.

[0086] Specifically, by fixing the fixed clamping member 330 to one end of the mounting base 310 and placing the movable clamping assembly 340 at the other end, a clamping structure similar to a fixed jaw and a movable jaw is formed. During operation, the fixed clamping member 330 is first hooked onto or abutted against one end of the vehicle underbody beam 10. Then, by adjusting the position of the movable clamping assembly 340, it clamps the vehicle underbody beam 10 from the other end, thereby achieving reliable fixation of the entire upper lifting structure 300 to the vehicle body. This structural design allows the mounting base 310 to adapt to vehicle underbody beams 10 with different cross-sectional dimensions, exhibiting good versatility and adaptability. Furthermore, the double-end clamping ensures a balanced distribution of clamping force, which is beneficial for improving the stability and reliability of the connection.

[0087] like Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a movable clamping assembly provided according to some embodiments of this application. In some embodiments, a limiting groove is provided between the fixed clamping member 330 and the mounting base 310, and the depth direction of the limiting groove is consistent with the first direction (X direction); the movable clamping assembly 340 includes a driving member 341 and a moving member 342, the driving member 341 is disposed on the mounting base 310, and the moving member 342 is connected to the output end of the driving member 341; the driving member 341 is configured to drive the moving member 342 to move in the first direction (X direction) to adjust the size of the clamping position.

[0088] Specifically, the limiting groove between the fixing clamp 330 and the mounting base 310 is formed by the inner surface of the fixing clamp 330 and the corresponding surface of the mounting base 310, and the groove depth direction is consistent with the first direction (X direction). In this example, the limiting groove can accommodate the end of the vehicle floor beam 10 and perform preliminary positioning and limiting of the vehicle floor beam 10 to prevent it from falling off in the vertical direction.

[0089] The movable clamping assembly 340 includes a driving component 341 and a moving component 342. The moving component 342 can directly contact the vehicle floor beam 10 and apply clamping force. The driving component 341 serves as a power source and can drive the moving component 342 to reciprocate in the first direction (X direction), thereby adjusting the size of the clamping position, that is, adjusting the distance between the fixed clamping component 330 and the moving component 342.

[0090] like Figure 3 As shown, in one example, when it is necessary to clamp the underbody beam 10, the drive component 341 is operated to drive the movable component 342 to move towards the fixed clamping component 330 until the movable component 342 makes tight contact with the other end of the underbody beam 10, thus firmly clamping the underbody beam 10 in the clamping position between the fixed clamping component 330 and the movable component 342. When it is necessary to disassemble, the drive component 341 is operated in the opposite direction to move the movable component 342 away from the fixed clamping component 330, releasing the underbody beam 10.

[0091] In one example, the drive component 341 includes a drive member and a limiting housing. The limiting housing is located on the mounting base 310, and the moving member 342 is located inside the limiting housing. A portion of the drive member passes through the limiting housing and is connected to the moving member 342.

[0092] Specifically, the limiting housing is fixedly mounted on the mounting base 310, forming a closed or semi-closed guide space. The movable component 342 is slidably mounted inside the limiting housing, and the limiting housing provides guidance and support for the movement of the movable component 342, ensuring that the movable component 342 can move smoothly along the first direction (X direction) without deviation.

[0093] For example, the driving component can be a lead screw, hydraulic cylinder, pneumatic cylinder, eccentric wheel clamping mechanism, or quick clamp, etc. When a lead screw is used, the lead screw is rotated by rotating the handle, which in turn drives the moving component 342 to move linearly. This not only has a simple structure but also has good self-locking performance.

[0094] In some embodiments, the movable member 342 includes an anti-detachment part and a clamping part (not shown). The anti-detachment part is located on the side of the clamping part away from the mounting base 310. The anti-detachment part is used to contact the surface of the vehicle floor beam 10 in the vertical direction, and the clamping part is used to abut against the end of the vehicle floor beam 10 in the horizontal direction.

[0095] Specifically, the anti-detachment part is used to contact the top surface of the vehicle floor beam 10. The anti-detachment part is usually designed as a structure that bends or protrudes inward (towards the direction of the fixing clamp 330) to form a hook-shaped pressure block. When the drive component 341 drives the moving component 342 to extend, the anti-detachment part first contacts the top of the vehicle floor beam 10 and applies downward pressure to prevent the upper lifting structure 300 from flipping upward or detaching during the lifting process.

[0096] The clamping part is used to abut against the end face of the vehicle floor beam 10. The front end face of the clamping part is usually a flat working surface. When the drive component 341 continues to drive the moving part 342 to extend, the front end face of the clamping part presses tightly against the end face of the vehicle floor beam 10, applying clamping force in the horizontal direction. It cooperates with the fixed clamping part 330 to clamp the vehicle floor beam 10 from both ends, preventing the upper lifting structure 300 from swaying relative to the vehicle floor beam 10.

[0097] like Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a hoisting assembly provided according to some embodiments of this application. In some embodiments, the hoisting assembly 320 includes a winch 321, a guide wheel 322, and a pull rope 323. The winch 321 is mounted on a mounting base 310; the guide wheel 322 is mounted on the mounting base 310 and spaced apart from the winch 321; one end of the pull rope 323 is connected to the winch 321, and the other end is used to connect to the functional component 20, and the pull rope 323 is wound around the guide wheel 322.

[0098] Specifically, the winch 321 is fixedly mounted on the mounting base 310, serving as the power source for the hoisting assembly 320. It can be a self-locking assisted winch 321, internally equipped with a reduction gear and a self-locking mechanism (such as a worm gear or ratchet pawl). The operator drives the winch 321 via a handle to wind up and unwind the pull rope 323. When operation stops, the self-locking mechanism automatically locks, preventing the pull rope 323 from slipping under load and ensuring that the functional component 20 can be safely suspended at any height.

[0099] Furthermore, the guide wheel 322 changes the direction of the pull rope 323, allowing it to extend downwards past the guide wheel 322 after being drawn from the winch 321, thereby adjusting the lifting point position to directly above or near the center of gravity of the functional component 20. The groove surface of the guide wheel 322 can be hardened or fitted with a soft bushing to reduce wear on the pull rope 323.

[0100] Furthermore, one end of the pull rope 323 is connected to the drum of the winch 321 and wound around the drum. The other end of the pull rope 323 extends downward after passing over the guide wheel 322, and is equipped with a connector, such as a hook, shackle, or threaded joint, for connecting to the lifting point (e.g., eye nut) on the functional component 20. The pull rope 323 can be made of flexible connectors such as wire rope, high-strength chain, or synthetic fiber slings, and there are no restrictions on its use.

[0101] During operation, after the operator connects the connector at the end of the pull rope 323 to the lifting point of the functional component 20, the functional component 20 can be easily lifted or controlledly lowered by shaking the handle of the winch 321.

[0102] In some examples, multiple guide wheels 322 can be set as needed to achieve complex wiring layouts; no specific restrictions are imposed here.

[0103] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom support structure provided according to some embodiments of this application. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom support structure provided according to some embodiments of this application in a folded state. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a follower assembly provided according to some embodiments of this application. In some embodiments, the follower assembly 420 includes a guide rail 421, a follower block 422, and a contouring bracket 423. The guide rail 421 is fixed to the support platform 410; the follower block 422 is slidably disposed on the guide rail 421; the contouring bracket 423 is disposed on the follower block 422 and is used to support the functional component 20; wherein, during the process of the hoisting assembly 320 moving the functional component 20 downward, under the gravity of the functional component 20, the follower block 422 drives the contouring bracket 423 to move along the guide rail 421 to adjust the posture of the functional component 20.

[0104] It is understood that the guide rail 421 can be fixedly mounted on the support platform 410, extending along the horizontal movement direction when the functional component 20 is lowered. The guide rail 421 can take various forms, such as a linear guide rail 421 with an optical axis, a linear ball bearing guide rail 421, or a dovetail groove guide rail 421. In this embodiment, two parallel linear guide rails 421 are preferably used. This type of guide rail 421 is not only simple in structure, low in cost, and easy to maintain, but also capable of withstanding a large overturning moment, ensuring smooth movement.

[0105] The follower block 422 is slidably mounted on the guide rail 421. The bottom of the follower block 422 is provided with a slider or linear bearing that cooperates with the guide rail 421 to ensure that it can move smoothly back and forth along the guide rail 421. The upper part of the follower block 422 is provided with an interface for mounting the contour bracket 423. This interface can be a bolt hole, a slot, or other quick-connect structure.

[0106] The contouring bracket 423 is rotatably mounted on the follower block 422, and its upper part has a support surface that matches the outer contour of the functional component 20 (e.g., a grinding motor). This support surface can be an arc-shaped surface, a V-shaped surface, or a contoured surface specially designed according to the shape of the functional component 20 to increase the contact area with the functional component 20 and prevent the functional component 20 from sliding or being damaged. The contouring bracket 423 can be made of lightweight materials such as nylon, polyurethane, or aluminum that do not damage the surface of the functional component 20, or a soft pad can be embedded in the part that contacts the functional component 20 to provide cushioning and protection.

[0107] When the functional component 20 is lowered by the upper hoisting mechanism, it first contacts the support surface of the contouring bracket 423. At this time, the functional component 20 is still in a vertical or near-vertical position, with its bottom flange or a specific part in contact with the contouring bracket 423. As the functional component 20 continues to descend, due to the position of the center of gravity of the functional component 20, the geometric relationship of the contact point, and the degree of freedom of the guide rail 421, the functional component 20 will exert a horizontal component force on the contouring bracket 423, driving the follower block 422 to slide to one side along the guide rail 421. During this process, under the action of gravity, the functional component 20 automatically tilts as it descends, gradually changing from a vertical posture to a horizontal posture, and finally lands smoothly on the contouring bracket 423 and the support platform 410.

[0108] Understandably, the entire posture transformation process is driven entirely by the gravity of the functional component 20 itself, with the follower mechanism passively following, without any manual intervention or additional power source, thus achieving the automatic and stable placement of the functional component 20.

[0109] In some embodiments, limit buffers can be provided at both ends of the travel of the guide rail 421 to prevent the follower block 422 from slipping off the rail. The contouring bracket 423 can be equipped with various spare brackets of different specifications, so that by replacing the contouring brackets 423 of different specifications, the same bottom support structure 400 can be adapted to various models of motors or other functional components 20. In addition, the follower component 420 can also be equipped with a damper to control the speed of the attitude transition of the functional component 20, making it more stable.

[0110] In some embodiments, the follower component 420 further includes an elastic element (not shown in the figure), which is disposed between the contouring bracket 423 and the follower block 422 so that the free end of the contouring bracket 423 is disposed away from the support platform 410; during the process of the hoisting component 320 driving the functional component 20 to descend, the contouring bracket 423 is used to adjust the functional component 20 from a vertical posture to a horizontal posture.

[0111] It is understandable that the elastic element, such as a torsion spring, is connected at one end to the contouring bracket 423 and at the other end to the follower block 422. Its function is to keep the free end of the contouring bracket 423 (i.e. the end away from the follower block 422) away from the support platform 410 in the unloaded state, that is, the contouring bracket 423 is in the initial tilted posture.

[0112] In the initial stage of the descent of the functional component 20 driven by the hoisting assembly 320, the contouring bracket 423 remains in a high position due to the support of the elastic element, facilitating initial contact with the descending functional component 20. When the functional component 20 contacts the contouring bracket 423 and applies pressure, the elastic element is compressed, and the contouring bracket 423 gradually swings downward until it contacts the follower block 422 and bears the full weight of the functional component 20. During this process, the swinging of the contouring bracket 423 and the sliding of the follower block 422 work together to adjust the functional component 20 from a vertical to a horizontal position.

[0113] It should be noted that the above-mentioned elastic element can also be a coil spring, a spring sheet, or a gas spring, etc., and the elastic force of the elastic element can be selected according to the weight of the conforming bracket 423 or the weight of the functional component 20, without specific limitations here.

[0114] In this embodiment, the elastic element is designed to act as a buffer during the receiving process, reducing the impact between the functional component 20 and the contour bracket 423; and after the functional component 20 is lifted away, the elastic element can automatically reset the contour bracket 423, making it convenient for the next use.

[0115] In one example, functional component 20 includes a grinding motor. Exemplarily, the grinding motor typically has a cylindrical housing and a bottom flange, and the support surface of the contour bracket 423 is designed to be an arcuate surface that matches the motor housing.

[0116] like Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown, Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a support platform provided according to some embodiments of this application. In some embodiments, the support platform 410 includes a first support plate 411 and a second support plate 412, which are connected by a hinge to allow the support platform 410 to switch between an unfolded state and a folded state; a follower component 420 is disposed on at least one of the first support plate 411 and the second support plate 412.

[0117] It is understandable that the unfolded state refers to the first support plate 411 and the second support plate 412 unfolding into a coplanar state, forming a large, stable bearing plane for supporting the functional component 20 and the follower component 420 during operation. The folded state refers to the first support plate 411 and the second support plate 412 rotating relative to each other around the hinge, so that the two face to face and form a smaller stacked state, which is convenient for storage, handling and handling.

[0118] The follower component 420 can be set on the first support plate 411, or on the second support plate 412, or a portion of the follower component 420 can be set on both the first and second support plates 412. No restrictions are imposed here.

[0119] In one example, the hinge includes a heavy-duty hinge. Exemplarily, the heavy-duty hinge is characterized by its robust structure, high load-bearing capacity, flexible rotation, and wear resistance, and is able to withstand repeated folding and unfolding operations, as well as the enormous pressure exerted by the functional component 20 during operation. One side of the hinge is fixed to the first support plate 411, and the other side is fixed to the second support plate 412.

[0120] In addition, the hinge can also be a hinge pin structure, a pivot shaft plus bearing structure, etc. The support platform 410 can also be designed as a three-fold or multi-fold structure to further reduce the volume after folding.

[0121] In some embodiments, the first support plate 411 and the second support plate 412 are respectively provided with interlocking protrusions and recesses at their mating ends. When the support platform 410 is in the unfolded state, the protrusions press against the recesses. For example, the protrusions are designed as raised steps or tongue-shaped structures, and the shape and size of the recesses match the protrusions of the first support plate 411, for example, as grooves or stepped recesses.

[0122] When the support platform 410 is in the unfolded state, the protrusion of the first support plate 411 fits precisely into the recess of the second support plate 412, forming an interlocking fit. This fit allows the first support plate 411 and the second support plate 412 to be connected not only by a hinge at the joint, but also by mutual vertical restraint and support through the interlocking of the protrusion and concave parts. When the platform bears the weight of the functional component 20, the protrusion presses against the recess, effectively transmitting vertical pressure and preventing relative warping or misalignment of the two plates at the joint, thus enhancing the overall rigidity and load-bearing capacity of the support platform 410.

[0123] It should be noted that the protrusions and recesses can be rectangular, trapezoidal, dovetail, or other shapes, as long as they can achieve mutual interlocking and positioning. Multiple sets of mutually cooperating protrusion-recessed structures can also be provided at the mating ends of the first support plate 411 and the second support plate 412 to further improve the reliability of the connection.

[0124] like Figure 8 As shown, in some embodiments, the support platform 410 is provided with a traveling wheel 430 and a limiting wheel 440 on the side away from the follower component 420. The traveling wheel 430 is used to contact the top surface of the rail 50, and the limiting wheel 440 is used to contact the side surface of the rail 50.

[0125] Understandably, the traveling wheels 430 are used to contact the top surface of the rail 50, bear the entire weight of the support platform 410 and the functional component 20, and enable rolling movement along the rail 50. There are at least two traveling wheels 430, typically located at the bottom of the first support plate 411 and the second support plate 412 respectively. The wheel spacing of the traveling wheels 430 is designed according to the track gauge of the rail 50, ensuring that the traveling wheels 430 can roll accurately on the upper surface of the rail 50. The traveling wheels 430 can be made of nylon, polyurethane, or steel, and the specific choice depends on the load-bearing requirements and vibration damping needs; no restrictions are imposed here.

[0126] The limiting wheel 440 is also located at the bottom of the support platform 410, but inside the traveling wheel 430, that is, closer to the centerline of the rail 50. The wheel spacing of the limiting wheel 440 is slightly smaller than the inner distance of the rail 50, allowing the side of the limiting wheel 440 to contact the inner wall of the rail 50. The limiting wheel 440 is typically mounted with a horizontal axis, and its rolling surface is perpendicular to the inner wall of the rail 50. When the support platform 410 moves along the rail 50, the limiting wheel 440 serves to guide and prevent derailment. When the support platform 410 deviates laterally, the limiting wheel 440 immediately contacts the inner wall of the rail 50 and rolls accordingly, preventing the platform from derailing and tipping over, while ensuring smooth movement.

[0127] It should be noted that the traveling wheels 430 and the limiting wheels 440 can be integrated into a single design. For example, a rimmed track wheel can be used, with the rim serving as the limiting wheel 440 and the tread serving as the traveling wheel 430. The traveling wheels 430 can be equipped with a braking device to secure the platform in a designated position when needed.

[0128] This embodiment utilizes the existing steel rail 50 on site as the transfer track, eliminating the need for additional track laying or transporting large transfer equipment, thus reflecting the lightweight and integrated design concept of the tool.

[0129] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0130] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A disassembly and assembly device for disassembling functional components (20) of a rail (50) grinding vehicle, characterized in that, The disassembly / assembly device includes: The upper hoisting structure (300) is detachably mounted on the rail (50) grinding vehicle. The upper hoisting structure (300) includes a mounting base (310) and a hoisting assembly (320), which is mounted on the mounting base (310). The bottom support structure (400) is movably mounted on the rail (50) and located below the upper hoisting structure (300); the bottom support structure (400) includes a support platform (410) and a follower component (420), the follower component (420) being mounted on the support platform (410). The hoisting assembly (320) is configured to connect with the functional component (20) and drive the functional component (20) to move to the follower assembly (420); the follower assembly (420) is configured to slide relative to the support platform (410) during the descent of the functional component (20) to support the functional component (20).

2. The disassembly and assembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper hoisting structure (300) also includes: A fixing clamp (330) is fixed to one end of the mounting base (310) along a first direction; A movable clamping assembly (340) is provided at the other end of the mounting base (310) along the first direction. A clamping position is constructed between the movable clamping assembly (340) and the fixed clamping member (330) to clamp the bottom beam (10) of the rail (50) grinding vehicle.

3. The disassembly and assembly device according to claim 2, characterized in that, A limiting groove is provided between the fixing clamp (330) and the mounting base (310), and the groove depth direction of the limiting groove is consistent with the first direction; The movable clamping assembly (340) includes a driving component (341) and a moving component (342). The driving component (341) is disposed on the mounting base (310), and the moving component (342) is connected to the output end of the driving component (341). The driving component (341) is configured to drive the moving component (342) to move in the first direction to adjust the size of the clamping position.

4. The disassembly and assembly device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The movable part (342) includes an anti-detachment part and a clamping part. The anti-detachment part is located on the side of the clamping part away from the mounting base (310). The anti-detachment part is used to contact the surface of the vehicle floor beam (10) in the vertical direction, and the clamping part is used to abut against the end of the vehicle floor beam (10) in the horizontal direction. And / or, the driving component (341) includes a driving member and a limiting housing, the limiting housing is disposed on the mounting base (310), the moving member (342) is located inside the limiting housing, and a portion of the driving member passes through the limiting housing and is connected to the moving member (342).

5. The disassembly and assembly device according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The hoisting assembly (320) includes: A winch (321) is provided on the mounting base (310); A guide wheel (322) is provided on the mounting base (310) and spaced apart from the winch (321); The pull rope (323) is connected at one end to the winch (321) and at the other end to the functional component (20). The pull rope (323) is wound around the guide wheel (322).

6. The disassembly and assembly device according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The follower component (420) includes: The guide rail (421) is fixed to the support platform (410). The follower block (422) is slidably disposed on the guide rail (421). A contouring bracket (423) is provided on the follower block (422), and the contouring bracket (423) is used to support the functional component (20). During the process of the hoisting assembly (320) driving the functional component (20) to move downward, under the gravity of the functional component (20), the follower block (422) drives the contour bracket (423) to move along the guide rail (421) to adjust the posture of the functional component (20).

7. The disassembly and assembly device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The follower component (420) also includes an elastic element, which is disposed between the contouring bracket (423) and the follower block (422) so that the free end of the contouring bracket (423) is disposed away from the support platform (410); during the process of the hoisting component (320) driving the functional component (20) to descend, the contouring bracket (423) is used to adjust the functional component (20) from a vertical posture to a horizontal posture; And / or, the functional component (20) includes a grinding motor.

8. The disassembly and assembly device according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The support platform (410) includes a first support plate (411) and a second support plate (412), which are connected by a hinge to allow the support platform (410) to switch between an unfolded state and a folded state. The follower component (420) is disposed on at least one of the first support plate (411) and the second support plate (412).

9. The disassembly and assembly device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first support plate (411) and the second support plate (412) are respectively provided with interlocking protrusions and recesses at their mating ends. When the support platform (410) is in the unfolded state, the protrusions are pressed into the recesses. And / or, the hinge includes a heavy-duty hinge.

10. The disassembly and assembly device according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The support platform (410) is provided with a traveling wheel (430) and a limiting wheel (440) on the side away from the follower component (420). The traveling wheel (430) is used to contact the top surface of the rail (50), and the limiting wheel (440) is used to contact the side surface of the rail (50).

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