A transformer fault monitoring device and monitoring method

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of transformer monitoring, and particularly to a transformer fault monitoring device and method. The device includes a monitoring base with a notch in the center for placing the transformer cable under test. The upper limit of the monitoring base includes a power supply module, a data acquisition module, and an alarm module. The power supply module provides power to the alarm module and is electrically connected to the data acquisition module. The data acquisition module acquires the electromagnetic signal of the cable under test. An abnormal electromagnetic signal from the cable under test activates the power supply module, thereby triggering the alarm module to issue a transformer fault alarm signal. This invention achieves rapid response and triggering of transformer cable faults through the corresponding cooperation between the data acquisition module and the abnormal electromagnetic signal of the cable, combined with the mechanical cooperation of the probe and the truncated cone spring, and the electromagnetic induction effect of the coil. It can complete the abnormal monitoring of the cable without damaging the insulation layer of the cable under test, avoiding potential installation accidents and improving monitoring efficiency, reliability, and safety.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of transformer monitoring, in particular to a transformer fault monitoring device and a monitoring method. BACKGROUND

[0002] As a key device in the power system, the safe and stable operation of the transformer is directly related to the reliability of the entire power network. However, in the long-term operation process, the transformer will be affected by various factors, such as internal insulation aging, local overheating, winding deformation, core failure and external environmental erosion, etc. These factors can cause the transformer to fail. The traditional transformer fault monitoring method relies on periodic manual inspection, which not only has a large workload and high cost, but also often can only analyze and handle after the fault occurs, and cannot timely discover safety hazards, which may cause serious economic losses and safety accidents.

[0003] With the progress of science and technology, relevant technical personnel in the field have also optimized the technical means for monitoring transformer faults. In order to make more accurate comparisons, a transformer fault monitoring device is disclosed in Chinese Patent No. CN117214779A, which includes a box body, a box cover, an opening, a partition, a movable plate, and a clamping piece. When in use, the movable plate moves the two clamping pieces, the clamping pieces clamp the cable at two points and straighten it, then the first and second semicircular rings support the monitoring point of the cable, the probe pierces the insulating layer and monitors the cable, and after monitoring, the insulating glue is injected from the injection hole to the outside of the cable, and then the arc-shaped heating sheet is used to cure it, so as to achieve the effect of insulating reinforcement.

[0004] However, when the above-mentioned prior art is used to monitor the transformer fault, the following problems exist: The above-mentioned device needs to pierce the insulating layer with a probe to monitor the cable, and then reinforce the insulation. In the overall monitoring process, if the cable and the transformer as a whole need to be monitored first, the running state of the transformer after being re-energized may change, making it difficult to accurately reflect the true situation of the fault. If it is monitored while energized, there is a risk of electric shock due to leakage during the moment when the probe pierces the insulating layer, and the bonding strength of the insulating glue layer after insulation reinforcement and the original cable insulating layer cannot be guaranteed, which may cause cracking, peeling and other problems during long-term use, affecting the safe and stable operation of the transformer.

[0005] Therefore, in the above-mentioned view, there is still room for optimization in the existing technical means for monitoring transformer faults. SUMMARY

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the present application provides a kind of transformer fault monitoring device, including monitoring pedestal, the monitoring pedestal middle part is equipped with the gap for placing transformer cable to be measured, monitoring pedestal is limited with energy supply module, acquisition module and warning module, energy supply module provides power for warning module, and with acquisition module corresponding electrical connection, acquisition module collects electromagnetic signal of cable to be measured, by the abnormal electromagnetic signal of cable to be measured, energizing module is enabled, so that warning module shows transformer fault warning signal.

[0007] Preferably, the acquisition module includes the collection cylinder radially arranged opposite the cable at the gap, the probe rod is axially arranged in the collection cylinder, and the coil connected with the energy supply module is arranged corresponding to the probe rod. The probe rod slides through the collection cylinder, and the end of the probe rod away from the cable to be measured is fixed with a stop block. The probe rod is sleeved with a truncated cone spring between the stop block and the collection cylinder. The monitoring pedestal is provided with a mounting frame corresponding to the probe rod and the collection cylinder, and the energy supply module is assembled on the mounting frame.

[0008] Preferably, the acquisition module further includes a contact switch arranged corresponding to the probe rod on the collection cylinder.

[0009] Preferably, the contact switch is provided with two and respectively distributed at both ends of the collection cylinder. The two contact switches are mutually exclusive and connected in parallel into the electrical circuit between the coil and the energy supply module.

[0010] Preferably, the collection cylinder, the contact switch, the coil, the energy supply module, the warning module and the probe rod are provided with several and distributed on both sides of the axial direction of the cable to be measured.

[0011] Preferably, the energy supply module is a rechargeable lithium battery pack, which is detachably fixed on one side of the mounting frame. The lithium battery pack is electrically connected with the coil. When any contact switch is closed, a closed circuit is formed between the lithium battery pack, the warning module and the coil, so that the warning module is powered on to show the fault alarm signal.

[0012] Preferably, the warning module includes at least one of LED warning light and buzzer.

[0013] Preferably, the monitoring pedestal is further provided with two slide rails at intervals. The slide rails are symmetrically slidably fitted with slide blocks. The slide blocks are connected with clamping blocks. The two clamping blocks are distributed on both sides of the cable to be measured and used for clamping and fixing the cable to be measured. A adjusting screw is threadedly arranged between the two slide blocks on the same slide rail. The adjusting screw is rotationally limited on the monitoring pedestal. Two threads with opposite rotation directions are arranged on the adjusting screw. The rotation of the adjusting screw drives the two slide blocks on the same slide rail to slide relative to or away from each other.

[0014] Preferably, a bidirectional screw is threadedly arranged between the two slide rails. Two threads with opposite directions are arranged on the bidirectional screw and correspondingly arranged coaxially with the cable to be measured.

[0015] In addition, the application also provides a transformer fault monitoring method, comprising the following steps: S1: placing the monitoring base corresponding to the cable to be measured, and adjusting the position between the monitoring base and the cable to place the cable radially relative to the collection module in the monitoring base.

[0016] S2: simultaneously adjusting the position of the collection module to be perpendicular to the current cable axial tangent direction.

[0017] S3: after adjustment, the collection module collects the electromagnetic signal of the cable, when the transformer fault causes the abnormal current of the cable, the electromagnetic field intensity and frequency of the cable change, the collection module is guided to turn on the energy supply module by the abnormal electromagnetic signal of the cable, so that the energy supply module provides power for the warning module, and the warning module shows the fault alarm signal.

[0018] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: First, the application realizes the rapid response and triggering of the transformer cable fault by the corresponding cooperation between the collection module and the abnormal electromagnetic signal of the cable, combined with the mechanical cooperation of the probe rod and the truncated cone spring and the electromagnetic induction effect of the coil, without damaging the insulation layer of the cable to be measured, avoiding possible installation accidents, improving the monitoring efficiency, and improving the reliability and safety of the monitoring.

[0019] Second, the cooperation between the coil, probe rod, contact switch, stop block and truncated cone spring in the collection module can make the probe rod respond to the sliding action caused by the abnormal electromagnetic signal of the cable to be measured in time, so as to make the energy supply module conduct with the collection module and the warning module to make the warning module show the fault alarm signal, improve the sensitivity of the device to weak fault alarm signals, avoid the problem of monitoring lag or failure, and at the same time, the energy supply module will only be connected with the collection module and the warning module in the abnormal state of the cable, effectively avoiding the energy waste caused by long-term continuous power supply, and reducing the operation cost of the device.

[0020] Third, the slide rail, adjusting screw and bidirectional screw structure arranged on the monitoring base can realize the stable clamping of the clamping block to different specifications of the cable, and can straighten the cable to be measured, cooperate with the height adjustment of the collection cylinder and the probe rod by the guide inclined block, ensure the accuracy of the relative position between the probe rod and the cable, thereby improving the accuracy of the electromagnetic signal collection, and enhancing the applicability of the device to the collection of different cables on the transformer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] The application will be further described below in combination with the drawings and examples.

[0022] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the application.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the acquisition module of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the installation frame of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the collection tube of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the contact switch of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the slide rail structure of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the guide ramp of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the bidirectional lead screw of the present invention.

[0030] In the diagram, 1 is the monitoring base; 10 is the notch; 2 is the power supply module; 3 is the data acquisition module; 30 is the data acquisition tube; 31 is the probe rod; 32 is the coil; 33 is the stop block; 34 is the truncated cone spring; 35 is the mounting frame; 36 is the contact switch; 4 is the alarm module; 5 is the slide rail; 50 is the slider; 51 is the clamping block; 52 is the adjusting screw; 53 is the bidirectional lead screw; and 54 is the guide wedge. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 To be continued Figure 8 The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below.

[0032] This application discloses a transformer fault monitoring device and method to solve the problem that the existing technology usually requires a probe to pierce the insulation layer of the transformer cable and make direct contact with the internal battery cell for monitoring, which is prone to safety accidents and has low monitoring efficiency.

[0033] Example 1: Refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, a transformer fault monitoring device includes a monitoring base 1. The monitoring base 1 has a notch 10 in its center for placing the transformer cable under test. The monitoring base 1 is equipped with a power supply module 2, a data acquisition module 3, and an alarm module 4. The power supply module 2 provides power to the alarm module 4 and is electrically connected to the data acquisition module 3. The data acquisition module 3 acquires the electromagnetic signal of the cable under test. An abnormal electromagnetic signal from the cable under test activates the power supply module 2, thereby causing the alarm module 4 to issue a transformer fault alarm signal. In use, the data acquisition module 3 acquires the electromagnetic signal of the cable at the notch 10 and converts the abnormal signal into a start signal for the power supply module 2, thus activating the power supply module 2 to power the alarm module 4, enabling the alarm module 4 to issue an alarm.

[0034] Reference Figures 2 to 4 As shown, the acquisition module 3 includes an acquisition cylinder 30 arranged radially relative to the cable at the notch 10. An axial probe 31 is inserted into the acquisition cylinder 30, and a coil 32 connected to the power supply module 2 is provided corresponding to the probe 31. The probe 31 is made of metal and slides through the acquisition cylinder 30. A stop block 33 is fixed at the end of the probe 31 that extends out of the acquisition cylinder 30 and is away from the cable to be tested. A truncated cone spring 34 is sleeved on the probe 31 between the stop block 33 and the acquisition cylinder 30. An installation frame 35 is provided in the monitoring base 1 corresponding to the probe 31 and the acquisition cylinder 30. The power supply module 2 is assembled on the installation frame 35. During the initial monitoring process, when the cable under test is placed at the notch 10, the normally energized cable under test will generate a continuous and stable electromagnetic field, which will generate a radial magnetic attraction force on the probe 31. This magnetic attraction force causes the probe 31 and the stop block 33 to overcome the elastic force of the truncated cone spring 34 and slide towards the cable under test. At this time, the probe 31 drives the stop block 33 to move synchronously, so that part of the probe 31 extends into the notch 10 and maintains a relatively stable distance from the cable, while the truncated cone spring 34 is in a slightly compressed state.

[0035] If a transformer malfunctions, causing abnormal current to flow through the cable under test, the electromagnetic field around the cable will fluctuate abnormally, with changes in its intensity and frequency. This abnormal electromagnetic field will also change the magnetic attraction force on the probe rod 31, disrupting the balance between the magnetic force on the probe rod 31 and the elastic force of the truncated cone spring 34. If the electromagnetic field intensity continues to increase (i.e., the transformer cable current is overloaded), the magnetic attraction force will increase, and the probe rod 31 will slide further towards the cable, compressing the truncated cone spring 34 until the probe rod 31 is held against the cable under test. If the electromagnetic field intensity weakens or disappears (i.e., the transformer cable current is lightly loaded or unloaded), the magnetic attraction force will decrease, and the elastic force of the truncated cone spring 34 will push the probe rod 31 to reset away from the cable. This abnormal sliding of the probe rod 31 will trigger the power supply module 2 to supply power to the alarm module 4, which will then display a transformer fault alarm signal so that staff can promptly detect and repair it.

[0036] ReferenceFigures 3 to 5 As shown, the acquisition module 3 also includes a contact switch 36 on the acquisition tube 30 corresponding to the probe rod 31. After the contact switch 36 is triggered by the probe rod 31, it forms a closed electrical circuit with the power supply module 2, the coil 32 and the alarm module 4, so that the coil 32 is energized to generate an electromagnetic field. This electromagnetic field interacts with the electromagnetic field generated by the cable under test, thereby changing the comprehensive magnetic force on the probe rod 31.

[0037] In this embodiment, the current in coil 32 is drawn from the positive terminal of power supply module 2 and connected to the end of coil 32 near the cable under test, and then flows along the wound coil 32 in a direction away from the cable to the contact switch 36 and the negative terminal of power supply module 2. In this implementation, after the coil 32 is energized, the electromagnetic field it generates further strengthens the magnetic attraction force when the probe rod 31 slides away from the cable. That is, when the cable current is lightly loaded or unloaded, causing the magnetic attraction force to weaken, the electromagnetic field generated by the coil 32 is in the same direction as the original electromagnetic field of the cable. The superposition of the two enhances the magnetic attraction force on the probe rod 31, making the reset process of the probe rod 31 under the action of the spring force of the truncated cone spring 34 more stable, avoiding the weakening of the rebound amplitude of the probe rod 31 due to the sudden drop in magnetic attraction force. When the cable current is overloaded, causing the magnetic attraction force to be abnormally enhanced, the direction of the electromagnetic field generated by the coil 32 is opposite to the direction of the original electromagnetic field of the cable. The two cancel each other out, thereby weakening the comprehensive magnetic attraction force on the probe rod 31, slowing down the speed and impact force of the probe rod 31 sliding towards the cable, preventing the cable insulation layer from being damaged due to the probe rod 31 quickly hitting the cable, and also providing a more stable trigger time window for the alarm module 4 to respond.

[0038] Of course, as another optional implementation, two contact switches 36 are provided and distributed at both ends of the collection tube 30 (correspondingly referred to as the near-line switch and the far-line switch), so that the current of the coil 32 changes accordingly as the probe rod 31 slides. Specifically, a contact ring is fixed on the rod section of the probe rod 31 inside the collection tube 30, and two contact switches 36 are respectively fixed inside the collection tube 30 and located on both sides of the contact ring. As the probe rod 31 slides closer to the cable, one of the contact switches 36 (the far-line switch) on the collection tube 30 away from the cable is closed, controlling the direction of the current flow of the input coil 32 of the switching power supply module 2, so that the coil 32 generates an electromagnetic field in the same direction as the cable. The magnetic field further enhances the response speed of the probe rod 31 sliding. When the probe rod 31 moves away from the cable to reset, one of the contact switches 36 (near-line switch) on the acquisition tube 30 near the cable is closed, and the current direction is switched again, so that the magnetic field of the coil 32 and the electromagnetic field of the cable are superimposed in the same direction, thereby accelerating the response speed of the probe rod 31. By switching the current direction of the coil 32, the sliding action of the probe rod 31 is effectively amplified, improving the sensitivity and response efficiency of the entire monitoring device to the fault state. This avoids the monitoring lag or failure caused by the probe rod 31 not moving significantly when the electromagnetic field fluctuation amplitude is small, and further ensures the accuracy and timeliness of transformer fault monitoring.

[0039] It should be noted that the two normally open microswitches 36 are mutually exclusive and connected in parallel in the electrical circuit between the power supply module 2 and the alarm module 4. When the probe 31 slides to the preset position due to changes in electromagnetic force, the contact ring 37 presses one of the corresponding contact switches 36 to close its contacts, thereby connecting the electrical circuit between the power supply module 2 and the alarm module 4. At this time, the other contact switch 36 remains normally open, ensuring that only one contact switch 36 is in the closed conducting state in the electrical circuit, avoiding the situation where the alarm module 4 is falsely triggered due to the simultaneous closure of both switches. Specifically, when the probe 31 slides closer to the cable and closes the near-line switch, the far-line switch is in the open state, and the current of the power supply module 2 flows to the alarm module 4 through the near-line switch, driving the alarm module 4 to issue a fault warning signal; conversely, when the probe 31 slides away from the cable and closes the far-line switch, the near-line switch is open, and the current flows to the alarm module 4 through the far-line switch, similarly triggering the alarm action.

[0040] Furthermore, several of the acquisition tube 30, contact switch 36, coil 32, power supply module 2, alarm module 4 and probe 31 are provided and are distributed in pairs on both sides of the axial direction of the cable to be tested. Through the multi-point and symmetrical layout, the circumferential space of the cable can be fully covered, effectively avoiding the problem of missed detection caused by the failure of a single monitoring point or uneven distribution of electromagnetic field.

[0041] Reference Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, the power supply module 2 uses a rechargeable lithium battery pack, which is detachably fixed to one side of the mounting frame 35 for easy replacement and charging. The battery pack is electrically connected to the coil 32. When the probe 31 is guided by the abnormal magnetic field of the cable under test, triggering any one of the contact switches 36, the battery pack, alarm module 4, contact switch 36, and coil 32 will be connected to form a closed circuit, thereby energizing the alarm module 4 to issue an alarm.

[0042] Reference Figure 6 As shown, the alarm module 4 includes an LED warning light or a buzzer, or a combination of both, for alarm purposes. When the power supply module 2 is powered, the LED warning light flashes at a frequency of 1Hz, and the buzzer emits an intermittent alarm sound to ensure that operators can promptly detect transformer faults.

[0043] Reference Figures 6 to 8 As shown, to improve the monitoring effect, two slide rails 5 are also provided at axial intervals within the monitoring base 1 corresponding to the cable under test. Sliding blocks 50 and clamping blocks 51, distributed on both sides of the cable under test, slide 5 symmetrically slide and clamp, securing it. An adjusting screw 52, ​​which limits rotation, is threaded through the two sliding blocks 50 on the same slide rail 5 and is located on the monitoring base 1. The adjusting screw 52 has two threads in opposite directions. By driving the adjusting screw 52 to rotate, the two threads on the adjusting screw 52 can drive the two sliding blocks 50 to slide relative to or away from each other, thereby causing the two connected clamping blocks 51 to clamp or detach from the cable.

[0044] Furthermore, referring to Figures 6 to 8 As shown, a bidirectional lead screw 53 is threaded through the common thread between the two slide rails 5. The bidirectional lead screw 53 has two threads in opposite directions and is coaxially arranged with respect to the cable to be tested, so as to drive the two slide rails 5 to slide relative to each other or in opposite directions. After the clamping block 51 on the two slide rails 5 is held against the cable, the cable segment between the two slide rails 5 is kept straight by driving the two slide rails 5 to slide in opposite directions.

[0045] Example 2: Refer to Figures 6 to 8 As shown in Embodiment 1, due to the different functional requirements of the transformer itself, the specifications of the cables connected to different parts of the same transformer also differ. To further improve the adaptability of the clamping block 51 to cables of different specifications, the clamping surface of the clamping block 51 can be set as an arc-shaped structure, and a layer of elastic anti-slip rubber pad (not shown in the figure) can be covered on the arc-shaped surface. When the clamping block 51 clamps the cable, the arc-shaped surface of the clamping block 51 can better fit the outer circumference of the cable, increasing the contact area, while the anti-slip rubber pad (not shown in the figure) can effectively increase the friction, prevent the cable from sliding during the monitoring process, ensure the relative position between the probe 31 and the cable is stable, and thus ensure the accuracy of electromagnetic signal acquisition.

[0046] Furthermore, to ensure that the probe 31 is perpendicular to the tangent of the cable's magnetic field line along the cable's radial direction during data acquisition and monitoring of cables of different specifications, one end of the acquisition cylinder 30 slides against a guide block 54. The guide block 54 has an inclined upper surface that contacts the acquisition cylinder 30, and extends to both sides while being threaded through by two adjusting screws 52. In use, while adjusting the positions of the slider 50 and the clamping block 51 by rotating the adjusting screws 52, the rotation of the two adjusting screws 52 drives the guide block 54 to slide axially along the two adjusting screws 52, so that the guide block 54 pushes the acquisition cylinder 30 and the probe 31 to adjust their height in the vertical direction along the inclined surface of the guide block 54, thereby adapting to the cables of different specifications to be tested.

[0047] Meanwhile, in order to facilitate the height adjustment of the acquisition tube 30 and the probe rod 31, the mounting frame 35 is a U-shaped telescopic frame. While the horizontal end of the mounting frame 35 is fixed in the monitoring base 1, its two vertical free ends are limited and connected to the probe rod 31 and the acquisition tube 30.

[0048] In addition, the present invention also provides a transformer fault monitoring method, comprising the following steps: S1: Place the monitoring base 1 corresponding to the cable to be tested, and adjust the position between the monitoring base 1 and the cable so that the cable is placed radially relative to the acquisition module 3 inside the monitoring base 1.

[0049] S2: Simultaneously adjust the position of the acquisition module 3 so that it is perpendicular to the tangential direction of the current cable axis.

[0050] S3: After adjustment, the acquisition module 3 acquires the electromagnetic signal of the cable. When the transformer fault causes the cable current to be abnormal, the electromagnetic field strength and frequency of the cable change. The acquisition module 3 is guided by the abnormal electromagnetic signal of the cable to connect the power supply module 2, which in turn provides power to the alarm module 4. The alarm module 4 then displays a fault alarm signal.

[0051] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and not restrictive.

[0052] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A transformer fault monitoring device, comprising a monitoring base (1), characterized in that: The monitoring base (1) has a notch (10) in the middle for placing the transformer cable under test. The monitoring base (1) has a power supply module (2), a data acquisition module (3) and an alarm module (4) at the upper limit. The power supply module (2) provides power to the alarm module (4) and is electrically connected to the data acquisition module (3). The data acquisition module (3) acquires the electromagnetic signal of the cable under test. The power supply module (2) is activated by the abnormal electromagnetic signal of the cable under test, so that the alarm module (4) will issue a transformer fault alarm signal.

2. The transformer fault monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The acquisition module (3) includes an acquisition cylinder (30) arranged radially relative to the cable at the notch (10). A probe (31) is axially inserted inside the acquisition cylinder (30), and a coil (32) connected to the power supply module (2) is provided corresponding to the probe (31). The probe (31) slides through the acquisition cylinder (30). A stop block (33) is fixed at the end of the probe (31) that extends out of the acquisition cylinder (30) and is away from the cable to be tested. A truncated cone spring (34) is sleeved on the probe (31) between the stop block (33) and the acquisition cylinder (30). An installation frame (35) is provided inside the monitoring base (1) corresponding to the probe (31) and the acquisition cylinder (30). The power supply module (2) is assembled on the installation frame (35).

3. The transformer fault monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The acquisition module (3) also includes a contact switch (36) on the acquisition tube (30) corresponding to the probe (31).

4. The transformer fault monitoring device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The aforementioned contact switch (36) is provided in two and is respectively distributed at both ends of the collection tube (30). The two contact switches (36) are mutually exclusive and connected in parallel to the electrical circuit between the coil (32) and the power supply module (2).

5. A transformer fault monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The acquisition tube (30), contact switch (36), coil (32), power supply module (2), alarm module (4) and probe (31) are provided in several pairs and distributed on both sides of the axial direction of the cable to be tested.

6. The transformer fault monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The power supply module (2) is a rechargeable lithium battery pack. The lithium battery pack is detachably fixed on one side of the mounting frame (35). The lithium battery pack is electrically connected to the coil (32). When any of the contact switches (36) is closed by contact, a closed circuit is formed between the lithium battery pack, the alarm module (4) and the coil (32), so that the alarm module (4) is powered on to show a fault alarm signal.

7. The transformer fault monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The warning module (4) includes at least one of LED warning lights and a buzzer.

8. The transformer fault monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The monitoring base (1) is also provided with two slide rails (5) at intervals. Slider (50) slides symmetrically on the slide rails (5). Clamping blocks (51) are connected to the sliders (50). The two clamping blocks (51) are distributed on both sides of the cable to be tested and are used to clamp and fix it. An adjusting screw (52) is threaded through the two sliders (50) on the same slide rail (5). The adjusting screw (52) is limited to rotation on the monitoring base (1). The adjusting screw (52) has two threads with opposite directions. The rotation of the adjusting screw (52) is used to drive the two sliders (50) on the same slide rail (5) to slide relative to each other or in opposite directions.

9. A transformer fault monitoring device according to claim 8, characterized in that: A bidirectional lead screw (53) is threaded through the common thread between the two slide rails (5). The bidirectional lead screw (53) has two threads in opposite directions and is coaxially arranged with respect to the cable to be tested.

10. A method for monitoring transformer faults, employing a transformer fault monitoring device as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The monitoring method includes the following steps: S1: Place the monitoring base (1) corresponding to the cable to be tested, and adjust the position between the monitoring base (1) and the cable so that the cable is placed radially relative to the acquisition module (3) inside the monitoring base (1); S2: Simultaneously adjust the position of the acquisition module (3) so that it is perpendicular to the current axial tangent direction of the cable; S3: After the adjustment is completed, the acquisition module (3) acquires the electromagnetic signal of the cable. When the transformer fault causes the cable current to be abnormal, the electromagnetic field strength and frequency of the cable change. The acquisition module (3) is guided by the abnormal electromagnetic signal of the cable to connect the power supply module (2), which causes the power supply module (2) to provide power to the alarm module (4). The alarm module (4) displays the fault alarm signal.

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