A method and system for calculating the carbon footprint factor of a regional power system

Abstract

This invention discloses a method and system for calculating the electricity carbon footprint factor of a regional power system, comprising: determining the initial electricity carbon footprint factor of the target regional power system; calculating the regional average power generation carbon footprint factor and the regional transmission and distribution carbon footprint factor based on the current electricity carbon footprint factor; determining a new electricity carbon footprint factor based on the sum of the current regional average power generation carbon footprint factor and the regional transmission and distribution carbon footprint factor; calculating the relative change between the current electricity carbon footprint factor and the previous electricity carbon footprint factor; and if the current relative change is less than a first preset threshold or the number of iterations is greater than or equal to a second preset threshold, using the current electricity carbon footprint factor as the final value of the regional power system's electricity carbon footprint factor. This invention can improve the accuracy, precision, and effectiveness of electricity carbon footprint calculation, providing effective support for the system assessment of the average carbon emission intensity of a regional power system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electricity carbon footprint technology, and more specifically, to a method and system for calculating the electricity carbon footprint factor of a regional power system. Background Technology

[0002] The power industry accounts for a large portion of the nation's total carbon emissions, making it a central link in energy transition and a key area for carbon reduction. Research on power carbon footprint accounting methods and carbon footprint factors can provide crucial quantitative indicators for the degree of low-carbon transformation of the power system and lay a solid foundation for the full life-cycle carbon footprint accounting of various midstream and downstream products. Quantifying the power carbon footprint requires a full life-cycle assessment combining power generation, transmission, and distribution, involving carbon emission tracing and modeling across the entire regional power industry chain. Therefore, establishing a systematic, comprehensive, and standardized methodology for power carbon footprint quantification is crucial to ensuring the accuracy and effectiveness of carbon footprint results.

[0003] Currently, research has begun on the carbon footprint of electricity from a life-cycle perspective. However, the methods for calculating carbon emission factors related to electricity vary in terms of factor type, scope of carbon emission quantification, and implicit emission inventories. Most electricity-related emission factors still focus on the direct emission intensity of the power generation process; some quantification systems trace carbon emissions from upstream raw materials and components in power production and correct for grid-side losses, but the scope of upstream emissions differs, and the quantification boundaries for downstream recycling and disposal are rarely mentioned. The previously released national average electricity carbon footprint factor comprehensively quantifies the national-level electricity emission intensity, but it cannot reflect the differences in electricity emission intensity at the provincial, municipal, or regional levels in terms of spatial resolution. Existing electricity carbon footprint factors are insufficient to meet the needs of quantifying the emission intensity of the entire power system and the carbon footprint of downstream products in terms of regional representativeness, calculation accuracy, and methodological comprehensiveness.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to establish a precise method for quantifying the carbon footprint of electricity at the regional level, and there is an urgent need for a method for calculating the carbon footprint factor of regional power systems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention proposes a method and system for calculating the electricity carbon footprint factor of a regional power system, in order to solve the problem of how to accurately determine the electricity carbon footprint factor of a regional power system.

[0006] To address the aforementioned problems, according to one aspect of the present invention, a method for calculating the electricity carbon footprint factor of a regional power system is provided, the method comprising: Determine the initial power carbon footprint factor of the power system in the target area; Calculate the regional average power generation carbon footprint factor and the regional power transmission and distribution carbon footprint factor based on the current power carbon footprint factor. A new electricity carbon footprint factor is determined based on the sum of the current regional average power generation carbon footprint factor and the regional power transmission and distribution carbon footprint factor. Calculate the relative change between the current electricity carbon footprint factor and the previous electricity carbon footprint factor; If the current relative change is less than the first preset threshold or the number of iterations is greater than or equal to the second preset threshold, the current electricity carbon footprint factor will be used as the final value of the electricity carbon footprint factor of the regional power system.

[0007] Preferably, determining the initial electricity carbon footprint factor of the target area's power system includes: The initial electricity carbon footprint factor is determined according to the following priority order, including: When a historical electricity carbon footprint factor for the target region exists, the electricity carbon footprint factor at the most recent moment is selected as the initial electricity carbon footprint factor. When there is no historical electricity carbon footprint factor for the target area, the electricity emission factor of the target area is selected as the initial electricity carbon footprint factor according to the determined calculation time range. When the power emission factor of the target region does not exist, the power carbon footprint factor of other regions with the same power system structure as the target region is selected as the initial power carbon footprint factor. When there are no other regions with a power system structure consistent with the target region, the average value of the national power carbon footprint factor at the most recent moment is selected as the initial power carbon footprint factor.

[0008] Preferably, the calculation of the regional average power generation carbon footprint factor and the regional power transmission and distribution carbon footprint factor based on the current power carbon footprint factor includes: , , , , , in, This is the regional average carbon footprint factor of the power generation process obtained after the nth iteration. This is the regional power transmission and distribution carbon footprint factor of the power transmission and distribution link obtained after the nth iteration; Em is the new electricity carbon footprint factor obtained after the (n-1)th iteration. 发电 (n-1) represents the total lifecycle carbon emissions of all power sources within the target region during the nth iteration; E 发电量The total electricity generated and fed into the grid by all power sources within the target area; Em 输配电 (n-1) represents the total life-cycle carbon emissions of the power transmission and distribution system within the target area during the nth iteration; E 用电量 The target area represents all electricity consumption from the power transmission and distribution system to the electricity users; i represents the i-th stage of the entire life cycle of power generation or transmission and distribution, i=1,2,3,4, corresponding to the four stages of equipment and raw material acquisition, power station construction, operation and maintenance, and recycling and disposal, respectively; Em1 i,电力 (n-1) represents the carbon emissions caused by electricity consumption in the i-th life cycle stage of the power generation process, Em1 i,非电力 Em2 represents the carbon emissions from non-electricity consumption during the i-th stage of the power generation life cycle. i,电力 (n-1) represents the carbon emissions caused by electricity consumption in the i-th life cycle stage of power transmission and distribution, Em2 i,非电力 The carbon emissions caused by non-electricity consumption during the i-th life cycle stage of power transmission and distribution; AD i,e This represents the electricity consumption during stage i of the lifecycle.

[0009] Preferably, calculating the relative change between the current electricity carbon footprint factor and the previous electricity carbon footprint factor includes: , in, This represents the relative change after the nth iteration; The electricity carbon footprint factor is obtained after the nth iteration. This is the electricity carbon footprint factor obtained after the (n-1)th iteration.

[0010] Preferably, the method further includes: If the current relative change is greater than or equal to the first preset threshold, or the number of iterations is less than the second preset threshold, return to the step of calculating the regional average power generation carbon footprint factor and the regional power transmission and distribution carbon footprint factor based on the current power carbon footprint factor and recalculate until the current relative change is less than the first preset threshold or the number of iterations is greater than or equal to the second preset threshold, and then use the current power carbon footprint factor as the final value of the regional power system's power carbon footprint factor.

[0011] According to another aspect of the present invention, a system for calculating the electricity carbon footprint factor of a regional power system is provided, the system comprising: The initial value determination unit is used to determine the initial power carbon footprint factor of the power system in the target area. The first calculation unit is used to calculate the regional average power generation carbon footprint factor and the regional power transmission and distribution carbon footprint factor based on the current power carbon footprint factor. The second calculation unit is used to determine the new electricity carbon footprint factor based on the sum of the current regional average power generation carbon footprint factor and the regional transmission and distribution carbon footprint factor. The relative change calculation unit is used to calculate the relative change between the current electricity carbon footprint factor and the previous electricity carbon footprint factor. The final value determination unit is used to determine the current electricity carbon footprint factor as the final value of the regional power system's electricity carbon footprint factor if the current relative change is less than a first preset threshold or the number of iterations is greater than or equal to a second preset threshold.

[0012] Preferably, the initial value determination unit determines the initial power carbon footprint factor of the target area power system, including: The initial electricity carbon footprint factor is determined according to the following priority order, including: When a historical electricity carbon footprint factor for the target region exists, the electricity carbon footprint factor at the most recent moment is selected as the initial electricity carbon footprint factor. When there is no historical electricity carbon footprint factor for the target area, the electricity emission factor of the target area is selected as the initial electricity carbon footprint factor according to the determined calculation time range. When the power emission factor of the target region does not exist, the power carbon footprint factor of other regions with the same power system structure as the target region is selected as the initial power carbon footprint factor. When there are no other regions with a power system structure consistent with the target region, the average value of the national power carbon footprint factor at the most recent moment is selected as the initial power carbon footprint factor.

[0013] Preferably, the first calculation unit calculates the regional average power generation carbon footprint factor and the regional power transmission and distribution carbon footprint factor based on the current power carbon footprint factor, including: , , , , , in, This is the regional average carbon footprint factor of the power generation process obtained after the nth iteration. This is the regional power transmission and distribution carbon footprint factor of the power transmission and distribution link obtained after the nth iteration; Em is the new electricity carbon footprint factor obtained after the (n-1)th iteration. 发电 (n-1) represents the total lifecycle carbon emissions of all power sources within the target region during the nth iteration; E 发电量The total electricity generated and fed into the grid by all power sources within the target area; Em 输配电 (n-1) represents the total life-cycle carbon emissions of the power transmission and distribution system within the target area during the nth iteration; E 用电量 The target area represents all electricity consumption from the power transmission and distribution system to the electricity users; i represents the i-th stage of the entire life cycle of power generation or transmission and distribution, i=1,2,3,4, corresponding to the four stages of equipment and raw material acquisition, power station construction, operation and maintenance, and recycling and disposal, respectively; Em1 i,电力 (n-1) represents the carbon emissions caused by electricity consumption in the i-th life cycle stage of the power generation process, Em1 i,非电力 Em2 represents the carbon emissions from non-electricity consumption during the i-th stage of the power generation life cycle. i,电力 (n-1) represents the carbon emissions caused by electricity consumption in the i-th life cycle stage of power transmission and distribution, Em2 i,非电力 The carbon emissions caused by non-electricity consumption during the i-th life cycle stage of power transmission and distribution; AD i,e This represents the electricity consumption during stage i of the lifecycle.

[0014] Preferably, the relative change calculation unit calculates the relative change between the current electricity carbon footprint factor and the previous electricity carbon footprint factor, including: , in, This represents the relative change after the nth iteration; The electricity carbon footprint factor is obtained after the nth iteration. This is the electricity carbon footprint factor obtained after the (n-1)th iteration.

[0015] Preferably, the final value determination unit is further configured to: If the current relative change is greater than or equal to the first preset threshold, or the number of iterations is less than the second preset threshold, then the calculation will be repeated in the first calculation unit until the current relative change is less than the first preset threshold or the number of iterations is greater than or equal to the second preset threshold. Then, the current electricity carbon footprint factor will be used as the final value of the electricity carbon footprint factor of the regional power system.

[0016] According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements any of the steps of a method for calculating the electricity carbon footprint factor of a regional power system.

[0017] According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides an electronic device, comprising: The aforementioned computer-readable storage medium; and One or more processors for executing a program in the computer-readable storage medium.

[0018] This invention provides a method and system for calculating the carbon footprint factor of a regional power system, comprising: determining the initial carbon footprint factor of the target regional power system; calculating the regional average power generation carbon footprint factor and the regional transmission and distribution carbon footprint factor based on the current carbon footprint factor; determining a new carbon footprint factor based on the sum of the current regional average power generation carbon footprint factor and the regional transmission and distribution carbon footprint factor; calculating the relative change between the current carbon footprint factor and the previous carbon footprint factor; and if the current relative change is less than a first preset threshold or the number of iterations is greater than or equal to a second preset threshold, using the current carbon footprint factor as the final value of the regional power system's carbon footprint factor. This invention considers the carbon emission intensity at each stage of the entire life cycle of the power generation and transmission and distribution links. Based on the self-referencing characteristic of power carbon footprint quantification, it achieves a comprehensive quantitative analysis of the power carbon footprint across the entire life cycle with regional precision, improving the accuracy, precision, and effectiveness of power carbon footprint calculation, and providing effective support for the system assessment of the average carbon emission intensity of a regional power system. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Exemplary embodiments of the present invention can be more fully understood by referring to the following figures: Figure 1 A flowchart of a method 100 for calculating the electricity carbon footprint factor of a regional power system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram illustrating the quantification of regional electricity carbon footprint according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a calculation system 300 for the electricity carbon footprint factor of a regional power system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] Exemplary embodiments of the invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the invention may be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. These embodiments are provided to fully and completely disclose the invention and to fully convey its scope to those skilled in the art. The terminology used in the exemplary embodiments illustrated in the drawings is not intended to limit the invention. In the drawings, the same units / elements are referred to by the same reference numerals.

[0021] Unless otherwise stated, the terms used herein (including technical terms) have their common meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. Furthermore, it is understood that terms defined in commonly used dictionaries should be understood to have a meaning consistent with the context of their relevant field, and not to be interpreted as having an idealized or overly formal meaning.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method 100 for calculating the electricity carbon footprint factor of a regional power system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, the method for calculating the electricity carbon footprint factor of a regional power system provided by this invention considers the carbon emission intensity at each stage of the entire life cycle of the power generation and transmission and distribution links. Based on the self-referencing characteristic of electricity carbon footprint quantification, it achieves a comprehensive quantitative analysis of the electricity carbon footprint across the entire life cycle with regional precision. This improves the accuracy, precision, and effectiveness of electricity carbon footprint calculation, providing effective support for the system assessment of the average carbon emission intensity of a regional power system. The method 100 for calculating the electricity carbon footprint factor of a regional power system provided by this invention begins at step 101, where the initial electricity carbon footprint factor of the target regional power system is determined.

[0023] Preferably, determining the initial electricity carbon footprint factor of the target area's power system includes: The initial electricity carbon footprint factor is determined according to the following priority order, including: When a historical electricity carbon footprint factor for the target region exists, the electricity carbon footprint factor at the most recent moment is selected as the initial electricity carbon footprint factor. When there is no historical electricity carbon footprint factor for the target area, the electricity emission factor of the target area is selected as the initial electricity carbon footprint factor according to the determined calculation time range. When the power emission factor of the target region does not exist, the power carbon footprint factor of other regions with the same power system structure as the target region is selected as the initial power carbon footprint factor. When no other region has a power system structure consistent with the target region, the average value of the national power carbon footprint factor at the most recent moment is selected as the initial power carbon footprint factor. To address the problems of self-calling, insufficient spatial precision, and weak regional representativeness in power carbon footprint quantification, this invention provides an iterative calculation method for power carbon footprint factors based on regional power systems. According to the regional power supply structure and network loss characteristics, an initial value for the regional power carbon footprint is set as the initial value for iteration. Full life-cycle carbon emission modeling is performed for various power sources and transmission and distribution networks involved in the regional power system. Taking the power production and transmission and distribution process as the core, the consumption of materials and energy and the corresponding carbon emissions (equivalents) are traced upstream and downstream of the power product life cycle. Normalization is performed on a unit power product to obtain the carbon emission intensity of a unit power product throughout its entire life cycle, thus obtaining the regional power carbon footprint result. Considering the energy attributes of electricity, when taking the regional power system as the research object, electricity is both an energy input into the system boundary and a product output from the system. Figure 2 As shown, the system boundary for electricity carbon footprint accounting covers both power generation and transmission / distribution, tracing upstream and downstream from the core of the power production and transmission processes. Power production includes a combination of various power generation methods within the target area, such as wind power, photovoltaic, solar thermal, hydropower, thermal power, and nuclear power. For each type of power generation, upstream emissions throughout its lifecycle include emissions from the acquisition and transportation of raw materials and equipment, as well as emissions from power plant construction; emissions during the power generation process mainly include emissions from power plant operation and maintenance; and downstream emissions mainly include emissions from the dismantling and disposal of decommissioned power plants. Upstream emissions in the transmission / distribution lifecycle include emissions from the acquisition and transportation of equipment and raw materials, as well as emissions from the construction of transmission / distribution networks, lines, and substations; emissions during transmission / distribution operation and maintenance mainly include emissions from transmission / distribution losses, and emissions from the maintenance of transmission / distribution substations and equipment; and downstream emissions correspond to emissions from the decommissioning and disposal of equipment and substations. The system boundary is defined by the production and transmission of electricity products in the aforementioned region. In each stage and link, materials (raw materials, equipment, etc.) and energy (electricity, heat, etc.) are input into the system, ultimately outputting electricity products along with the generation of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide. Due to the energy properties of electricity, in this electricity product system, electricity is both an energy input for product production and a target product output by the system. Therefore, the calculation of the electricity carbon footprint involves self-calling. Thus, calculating the electricity carbon footprint factor involves calling upon the factor itself. By employing an iterative calculation method, new electricity carbon footprint factors are continuously obtained in each round of calculation. After meeting the conditions for ending the iteration, a highly accurate electricity carbon footprint value is finally output. This electricity carbon footprint result can objectively, comprehensively, and accurately reflect the emission level of the regional power system, guiding the formulation of emission reduction strategies and the carbon footprint accounting of downstream products.

[0024] Specifically, in this invention, before performing modeling and quantification, it is first necessary to set an initial value (CFP) for the regional power system's electricity carbon footprint factor. e (0). The initial values ​​should be selected as close as possible to the final iterative results based on the preliminary analysis, in order to improve the iteration speed and reduce the number of iterations. Depending on the model complexity and computational load, a simple experimental method can be adopted to perform small-scale calculations on different initial values, and the optimal initial value can be selected based on convergence and performance; or relevant electricity carbon emission factors can be selected. Specifically, in order of priority, the following are included but not limited to: a) Determining the historical electricity carbon footprint factor of the target area is applicable to the calculation of the latest electricity carbon footprint factor of the target area, and the most recent historical result is selected as the initial value; b) Based on the determination of the electricity emission factor in the target area, it is applicable when there is no historical electricity carbon footprint factor in the target area. The electricity emission factor with the highest overlap between the calculation time and the target quantification time range is selected as the initial value of the electricity carbon footprint factor. c) Determine the initial power carbon footprint factor based on the power system structure (power supply structure, transmission and distribution network structure, etc.) of other regions similar to the target region's power system structure; d) In the absence of regional electricity carbon footprint factors and similar factors for reference, the national average electricity carbon footprint factor is used for determination. The national average electricity carbon footprint factor with the closest time frame is selected as the initial value.

[0025] In step 102, the regional average power generation carbon footprint factor and the regional power transmission and distribution carbon footprint factor are calculated based on the current power carbon footprint factor.

[0026] Preferably, the calculation of the regional average power generation carbon footprint factor and the regional power transmission and distribution carbon footprint factor based on the current power carbon footprint factor includes: , , , , , in, This is the regional average carbon footprint factor of the power generation process obtained after the nth iteration. This is the regional power transmission and distribution carbon footprint factor of the power transmission and distribution link obtained after the nth iteration; Em is the new electricity carbon footprint factor obtained after the (n-1)th iteration. 发电(n - 1) is the full - life - cycle carbon emissions of all power sources in the target area during the nth iteration process; E 发电量 is the power generation and grid - connection electricity of all power sources in the target area; Em 输配电 (n - 1) is the full - life - cycle carbon emissions of the power transmission and distribution system in the target area during the nth iteration process; E 用电量 is the total electricity consumption from the power transmission and distribution system to power users in the target area; i represents the ith stage of the full - life - cycle of power generation or power transmission and distribution, i = 1, 2, 3, 4, corresponding to the four stages of equipment and raw material acquisition, station project construction, operation and maintenance, and recycling and disposal respectively; Em1 i,电力 (n - 1) is the carbon emissions caused by electricity consumption in the ith life - cycle stage during power generation, Em1 i,非电力 is the carbon emissions caused by non - electricity consumption in the ith life - cycle stage during power generation; Em2 i,电力 (n - 1) is the carbon emissions caused by electricity consumption in the ith life - cycle stage during power transmission and distribution, Em2 i,非电力 is the carbon emissions caused by non - electricity consumption in the ith life - cycle stage during power transmission and distribution; AD i,e is the electricity consumption in the ith stage of the life cycle.

[0027] In step 103, based on the sum of the current regional average power generation carbon footprint factor and the regional power transmission and distribution carbon footprint factor, a new power carbon footprint factor is determined.

[0028] In this invention, the basic process of the iterative calculation of the power carbon footprint factor is as follows: , In the formula, n is the number of iterations, CFP e (n) is the power carbon footprint result after n iterations. The specific functional relationship f of the iterative process is closely related to the quantitative modeling of the power carbon footprint. Decompose the power carbon footprint according to the power generation and power transmission and distribution links, that is: , In the formula, f 发电 is the carbon footprint factor of the power generation link, f 输配电 is the carbon footprint factor of the power transmission and distribution link. They are obtained respectively by the ratio of the full - life - cycle carbon emissions to the power generation or electricity consumption, that is: , In the formula, Em 发电 (n - 1) is the full - life - cycle carbon emissions of all power sources in the example area during the nth iteration process, with the unit of kgCO2e, E 发电量 is the power generation and grid - connection electricity of all power sources in the example area.

[0029] Similarly, for the power transmission and distribution link: , where Em 输配电 (n - 1) is the full - life - cycle carbon emissions of the power transmission and distribution system within the case study area during the nth iteration, with the unit of kgCO2e, and E 用电量 is the total electricity consumption transmitted and distributed to power users within the case study area.

[0030] The full life cycle of power generation and power transmission and distribution is divided into four stages: raw material and equipment acquisition, station project construction, operation and maintenance, and recycling and disposal. The carbon emission items in each stage can be further divided into power emission items and non - power emission items according to whether they are indirect emissions caused by electricity: , , where i represents the ith stage of the full life cycle of power generation or power transmission and distribution (i = 1, 2, 3, 4, corresponding to the four stages of equipment and raw material acquisition, station project construction, operation and maintenance, and recycling and disposal respectively), Em 发电 (n - 1) is the full - life - cycle carbon emissions of all power sources within the target area during the nth iteration; Em 输配电 (n - 1) is the full - life - cycle carbon emissions of the power transmission and distribution system within the target area during the nth iteration; i represents the ith stage of the full life cycle of power generation or power transmission and distribution, i = 1, 2, 3, 4, corresponding to the four stages of equipment and raw material acquisition, station project construction, operation and maintenance, and recycling and disposal respectively; Em1 i,电力 (n - 1) is the carbon emissions caused by power consumption in the ith life - cycle stage during power generation, and Em1 i,非电力 is the carbon emissions caused by non - power consumption in the ith life - cycle stage during power generation; Em2 i,电力 (n - 1) is the carbon emissions caused by power consumption in the ith life - cycle stage during power transmission and distribution, and Em2 i,非电力 is the carbon emissions caused by non - power consumption in the ith life - cycle stage during power transmission and distribution.

[0031] Among them, for power transmission and distribution, non - power - related emissions include emissions caused by sulfur hexafluoride leakage, emissions caused by the input of materials for transmission projects, etc.; for power generation, non - power - related emissions include emissions caused by the input of materials for power plant construction, the input of raw materials such as coal and natural gas, etc.

[0032] Among them, Em i,电力 (n - 1) is calculated using the product method of the carbon footprint factor and the activity level: , where AD i,eLet represent the electricity consumption at stage i of the life cycle, expressed in kilowatt-hours (kWh). Therefore, the calculation of the electricity carbon footprint involves indirect emissions from electricity, and this calculation requires the value of the electricity carbon footprint; that is, the equation for solving the electricity carbon footprint is related to CFP. e Since it is an implicit function, an iterative method is used to solve it.

[0033] Carbon emissions from non-electricity consumption are determined based on data availability and the actual situation of the case study. Direct emissions within the system boundary are determined using methods such as direct monitoring, stoichiometry, and mass balance. Indirect emissions from non-electricity consumption are mainly determined using activity data and emission factor methods.

[0034] Table 1 shows the main emissions involved in different stages of the power generation and transmission / distribution lifecycle during the power calculation process.

[0035] Table 1 Major Emissions Throughout the Electricity Life Cycle

[0036] In step 104, the relative change between the current electricity carbon footprint factor and the previous electricity carbon footprint factor is calculated.

[0037] Preferably, calculating the relative change between the current electricity carbon footprint factor and the previous electricity carbon footprint factor includes: , in, This represents the relative change after the nth iteration; The electricity carbon footprint factor is obtained after the nth iteration. This is the electricity carbon footprint factor obtained after the (n-1)th iteration.

[0038] In step 105, if the current relative change is less than the first preset threshold or the number of iterations is greater than or equal to the second preset threshold, the current electricity carbon footprint factor is taken as the final value of the electricity carbon footprint factor of the regional power system.

[0039] Preferably, the method further includes: If the current relative change is greater than or equal to the first preset threshold, or the number of iterations is less than the second preset threshold, return to the step of calculating the regional average power generation carbon footprint factor and the regional power transmission and distribution carbon footprint factor based on the current power carbon footprint factor and recalculate until the current relative change is less than the first preset threshold or the number of iterations is greater than or equal to the second preset threshold, and then use the current power carbon footprint factor as the final value of the regional power system's power carbon footprint factor.

[0040] In this invention, the iteration for calculating the regional electricity carbon footprint factor can end based on the following conditions: a) Based on relative change When the relative change in values ​​between two consecutive iterations is sufficiently small, that is, when the following condition is met: , When the condition is met, the iteration terminates with the current CFP. e (n) represents the output value of the electricity carbon footprint, where ε is the preset tolerance, used to represent the relative change in the electricity carbon footprint result. The smaller ε is, the higher the accuracy of the calculation is considered to be.

[0041] b) Based on the number of iterations. When the number of iterations n exceeds the preset maximum value N. max The calculation terminates when the condition is met. When the condition is met, the computation stops; this condition is used to control the time cost of computation when computing power is limited; at the same time, it serves as a necessary safety measure for iteration to avoid infinite loops, and is used in conjunction with condition a.

[0042] The present invention provides a method for calculating the carbon footprint factor of a regional power system. This method models and quantifies the carbon emission intensity of the generation and transmission / distribution stages throughout the entire lifecycle of the regional power system. By allocating the carbon footprint factors of generation and transmission / distribution stages through grid loss allocation, the method obtains the overall carbon footprint factor of the regional power system. Based on an initial carbon footprint factor, an iterative algorithm continuously outputs new carbon footprint factors, solving the self-calling problem in the quantification calculation of the carbon footprint factor. Ultimately, it yields highly accurate carbon footprint results, forming a complete and feasible calculation process for the carbon footprint factor. The method is based on modeling the regional power system itself, resulting in highly applicable and accurate carbon footprint results, improving the spatial resolution of carbon footprint quantification. Modeling the entire generation, transmission, and distribution process provides crucial support for comprehensively reflecting the emission levels of the regional power system, formulating effective emission reduction strategies, and calculating the carbon footprint of downstream products.

[0043] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a system 300 for calculating the electricity carbon footprint factor of a regional power system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 As shown, the power carbon footprint factor calculation system 300 of the regional power system provided in this embodiment of the invention includes: an initial value determination unit 301, a first calculation unit 302, a second calculation unit 303, a relative change calculation unit 304, and a final value determination unit 305.

[0044] Preferably, the initial value determination unit 301 is used to determine the initial power carbon footprint factor of the power system in the target area.

[0045] Preferably, the initial value determination unit 301 determines the initial power carbon footprint factor of the target area power system, including: The initial electricity carbon footprint factor is determined according to the following priority order, including: When a historical electricity carbon footprint factor for the target region exists, the electricity carbon footprint factor at the most recent moment is selected as the initial electricity carbon footprint factor. When there is no historical electricity carbon footprint factor for the target area, the electricity emission factor of the target area is selected as the initial electricity carbon footprint factor according to the determined calculation time range. When the power emission factor of the target region does not exist, the power carbon footprint factor of other regions with the same power system structure as the target region is selected as the initial power carbon footprint factor. When there are no other regions with a power system structure consistent with the target region, the average value of the national power carbon footprint factor at the most recent moment is selected as the initial power carbon footprint factor.

[0046] Preferably, the first calculation unit 302 is used to calculate the regional average power generation carbon footprint factor and the regional power transmission and distribution carbon footprint factor based on the current power carbon footprint factor.

[0047] Preferably, the first calculation unit 302 calculates the regional average power generation carbon footprint factor and the regional power transmission and distribution carbon footprint factor based on the current power carbon footprint factor, including: , , , , , in, This is the regional average carbon footprint factor of the power generation process obtained after the nth iteration. This is the regional power transmission and distribution carbon footprint factor of the power transmission and distribution link obtained after the nth iteration; Em is the new electricity carbon footprint factor obtained after the (n-1)th iteration. 发电 (n-1) represents the total lifecycle carbon emissions of all power sources within the target region during the nth iteration; E 发电量 The total electricity generated and fed into the grid by all power sources within the target area; Em 输配电 (n-1) represents the total life-cycle carbon emissions of the power transmission and distribution system within the target area during the nth iteration; E 用电量The target area represents all electricity consumption from the power transmission and distribution system to the electricity users; i represents the i-th stage of the entire life cycle of power generation or transmission and distribution, i=1,2,3,4, corresponding to the four stages of equipment and raw material acquisition, power station construction, operation and maintenance, and recycling and disposal, respectively; Em1 i,电力 (n-1) represents the carbon emissions caused by electricity consumption in the i-th life cycle stage of the power generation process, Em1 i,非电力 Em2 represents the carbon emissions from non-electricity consumption during the i-th stage of the power generation life cycle. i,电力 (n-1) represents the carbon emissions caused by electricity consumption in the i-th life cycle stage of power transmission and distribution, Em2 i,非电力 The carbon emissions caused by non-electricity consumption during the i-th life cycle stage of power transmission and distribution; AD i,e This represents the electricity consumption during stage i of the lifecycle.

[0048] Preferably, the second calculation unit 303 is used to determine a new power carbon footprint factor based on the sum of the current regional average power generation carbon footprint factor and the regional power transmission and distribution carbon footprint factor.

[0049] Preferably, the relative change calculation unit 304 is used to calculate the relative change between the current electricity carbon footprint factor and the previous electricity carbon footprint factor; Preferably, the relative change calculation unit 304 calculates the relative change between the current electricity carbon footprint factor and the previous electricity carbon footprint factor, including: , in, This represents the relative change after the nth iteration; The electricity carbon footprint factor is obtained after the nth iteration. This is the electricity carbon footprint factor obtained after the (n-1)th iteration.

[0050] Preferably, the final value determination unit 305 is used to take the current electricity carbon footprint factor as the final value of the regional power system's electricity carbon footprint factor if the current relative change is less than a first preset threshold or the number of iterations is greater than or equal to a second preset threshold.

[0051] Preferably, the final value determination unit 305 is further configured to: If the current relative change is greater than or equal to the first preset threshold, or the number of iterations is less than the second preset threshold, then the calculation will be repeated in the first calculation unit until the current relative change is less than the first preset threshold or the number of iterations is greater than or equal to the second preset threshold. Then, the current electricity carbon footprint factor will be used as the final value of the electricity carbon footprint factor of the regional power system.

[0052] The calculation system 300 for the electricity carbon footprint factor of a regional power system in an embodiment of the present invention corresponds to the calculation method 100 for the electricity carbon footprint factor of a regional power system in another embodiment of the present invention, and will not be described again here.

[0053] According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements any of the steps of a method for calculating the electricity carbon footprint factor of a regional power system.

[0054] According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides an electronic device, comprising: The aforementioned computer-readable storage medium; and One or more processors for executing a program in the computer-readable storage medium.

[0055] The present invention has been described with reference to a few embodiments. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that other embodiments besides those disclosed above fall equivalently within the scope of the present invention.

[0056] Generally, all terms used in this invention are interpreted according to their ordinary meaning in the art, unless otherwise expressly defined herein. All references to “a / the / the [device, component, etc.]” ​​are openly interpreted as at least one instance of said device, component, etc., unless otherwise expressly stated. The steps of any method disclosed herein need not be performed in the exact order disclosed, unless explicitly stated otherwise.

[0057] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of the present invention can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0058] This invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0059] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0060] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0061] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the specific implementation of the present invention. Any modifications or equivalent substitutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for calculating the electricity carbon footprint factor of a regional power system, characterized in that, The method includes: Determine the initial power carbon footprint factor of the power system in the target area; Calculate the regional average power generation carbon footprint factor and the regional power transmission and distribution carbon footprint factor based on the current power carbon footprint factor. A new electricity carbon footprint factor is determined based on the sum of the current regional average power generation carbon footprint factor and the regional power transmission and distribution carbon footprint factor. Calculate the relative change between the current electricity carbon footprint factor and the previous electricity carbon footprint factor; If the current relative change is less than the first preset threshold or the number of iterations is greater than or equal to the second preset threshold, the current electricity carbon footprint factor will be used as the final value of the electricity carbon footprint factor of the regional power system.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Determine the initial electricity carbon footprint factor of the target area's power system, including: The initial electricity carbon footprint factor is determined according to the following priority order, including: When a historical electricity carbon footprint factor for the target region exists, the electricity carbon footprint factor at the most recent moment is selected as the initial electricity carbon footprint factor. When there is no historical electricity carbon footprint factor for the target area, the electricity emission factor of the target area is selected as the initial electricity carbon footprint factor according to the determined calculation time range. When the power emission factor of the target region does not exist, the power carbon footprint factor of other regions with the same power system structure as the target region is selected as the initial power carbon footprint factor. When there are no other regions with a power system structure consistent with the target region, the average value of the national power carbon footprint factor at the most recent moment is selected as the initial power carbon footprint factor.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Calculate the regional average power generation carbon footprint factor and the regional transmission and distribution carbon footprint factor based on the current electricity carbon footprint factor, including: ， ， ， ， ， in, This is the regional average carbon footprint factor of the power generation process obtained after the nth iteration. This is the regional power transmission and distribution carbon footprint factor of the power transmission and distribution link obtained after the nth iteration; Em is the new electricity carbon footprint factor obtained after the (n-1)th iteration. 发电 (n-1) represents the total lifecycle carbon emissions of all power sources within the target region during the nth iteration; E 发电量 The total electricity generated and fed into the grid by all power sources within the target area; Em 输配电 (n-1) represents the total life-cycle carbon emissions of the power transmission and distribution system within the target area during the nth iteration; E 用电量 The target area represents all electricity consumption from the power transmission and distribution system to the electricity users; i represents the i-th stage of the entire life cycle of power generation or transmission and distribution, i=1,2,3,4, corresponding to the four stages of equipment and raw material acquisition, power station construction, operation and maintenance, and recycling and disposal, respectively; Em1 i,电力 (n-1) represents the carbon emissions caused by electricity consumption in the i-th life cycle stage of the power generation process, Em1 i,非电力 Em2 represents the carbon emissions from non-electricity consumption during the i-th stage of the power generation life cycle. i,电力 (n-1) represents the carbon emissions caused by electricity consumption in the i-th life cycle stage of power transmission and distribution, Em2 i,非电力 The carbon emissions caused by non-electricity consumption during the i-th life cycle stage of power transmission and distribution; AD i,e This represents the electricity consumption during stage i of the lifecycle.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Calculate the relative change between the current electricity carbon footprint factor and the previous electricity carbon footprint factor, including: ， in, This represents the relative change after the nth iteration; The electricity carbon footprint factor is obtained after the nth iteration. This is the electricity carbon footprint factor obtained after the (n-1)th iteration.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: If the current relative change is greater than or equal to the first preset threshold, or the number of iterations is less than the second preset threshold, return to the step of calculating the regional average power generation carbon footprint factor and the regional power transmission and distribution carbon footprint factor based on the current power carbon footprint factor and recalculate until the current relative change is less than the first preset threshold or the number of iterations is greater than or equal to the second preset threshold, and then use the current power carbon footprint factor as the final value of the regional power system's power carbon footprint factor.

6. A system for calculating the electricity carbon footprint factor of a regional power system, characterized in that, The system includes: The initial value determination unit is used to determine the initial power carbon footprint factor of the power system in the target area. The first calculation unit is used to calculate the regional average power generation carbon footprint factor and the regional power transmission and distribution carbon footprint factor based on the current power carbon footprint factor. The second calculation unit is used to determine the new electricity carbon footprint factor based on the sum of the current regional average power generation carbon footprint factor and the regional transmission and distribution carbon footprint factor. The relative change calculation unit is used to calculate the relative change between the current electricity carbon footprint factor and the previous electricity carbon footprint factor. The final value determination unit is used to determine the current electricity carbon footprint factor as the final value of the regional power system's electricity carbon footprint factor if the current relative change is less than a first preset threshold or the number of iterations is greater than or equal to a second preset threshold.

7. The system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The initial value determination unit determines the initial power carbon footprint factor of the target area power system, including: The initial electricity carbon footprint factor is determined according to the following priority order, including: When a historical electricity carbon footprint factor for the target region exists, the electricity carbon footprint factor at the most recent moment is selected as the initial electricity carbon footprint factor. When there is no historical electricity carbon footprint factor for the target area, the electricity emission factor of the target area is selected as the initial electricity carbon footprint factor according to the determined calculation time range. When the power emission factor of the target region does not exist, the power carbon footprint factor of other regions with the same power system structure as the target region is selected as the initial power carbon footprint factor. When there are no other regions with a power system structure consistent with the target region, the average value of the national power carbon footprint factor at the most recent moment is selected as the initial power carbon footprint factor.

8. The system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first calculation unit calculates the regional average power generation carbon footprint factor and the regional power transmission and distribution carbon footprint factor based on the current power carbon footprint factor, including: ， ， ， ， ， in, This is the regional average carbon footprint factor of the power generation process obtained after the nth iteration. This is the regional power transmission and distribution carbon footprint factor of the power transmission and distribution link obtained after the nth iteration; Em is the new electricity carbon footprint factor obtained after the (n-1)th iteration. 发电 (n-1) represents the total lifecycle carbon emissions of all power sources within the target region during the nth iteration; E 发电量 The total electricity generated and fed into the grid by all power sources within the target area; Em 输配电 (n-1) represents the total life-cycle carbon emissions of the power transmission and distribution system within the target area during the nth iteration; E 用电量 The target area represents all electricity consumption from the power transmission and distribution system to the electricity users; i represents the i-th stage of the entire life cycle of power generation or transmission and distribution, i=1,2,3,4, corresponding to the four stages of equipment and raw material acquisition, power station construction, operation and maintenance, and recycling and disposal, respectively; Em1 i,电力 (n-1) represents the carbon emissions caused by electricity consumption in the i-th life cycle stage of the power generation process, Em1 i,非电力 Em2 represents the carbon emissions from non-electricity consumption during the i-th stage of the power generation life cycle. i,电力 (n-1) represents the carbon emissions caused by electricity consumption in the i-th life cycle stage of power transmission and distribution, Em2 i,非电力 The carbon emissions caused by non-electricity consumption during the i-th life cycle stage of power transmission and distribution; AD i,e This represents the electricity consumption during stage i of the lifecycle.

9. The system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The relative change calculation unit calculates the relative change between the current electricity carbon footprint factor and the previous electricity carbon footprint factor, including: ， in, This represents the relative change after the nth iteration; The electricity carbon footprint factor is obtained after the nth iteration. This is the electricity carbon footprint factor obtained after the (n-1)th iteration.

10. The system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The final value determination unit is further configured to: If the current relative change is greater than or equal to the first preset threshold, or the number of iterations is less than the second preset threshold, then the calculation will be repeated in the first calculation unit until the current relative change is less than the first preset threshold or the number of iterations is greater than or equal to the second preset threshold. Then, the current electricity carbon footprint factor will be used as the final value of the electricity carbon footprint factor of the regional power system.

11. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the method as described in any one of claims 1-5.

12. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: The computer-readable storage medium as described in claim 11; as well as One or more processors for executing a program in the computer-readable storage medium.

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