A contact assembly and a multi-position changeover switch device

Abstract

A contact assembly and a multi-position changeover switch include a first group of contact assemblies and a second group of contact assemblies, each having a stationary contact assembly and a moving contact, as well as a conductive connector. The stationary contact assembly includes a first stationary contact and a second stationary contact. One end of the moving contact is movably conductively connected to the first stationary contact within the assembly, and the other end is positioned corresponding to the second stationary contact within the assembly. The conductive connector is positioned in a separated position. The two moving contacts can move synchronously or individually, making conductive contact with or separating from the corresponding second stationary contact, enabling the contact assembly to achieve at least one of two operating states. When used in a multi-position changeover switch, the contact assembly is driven by a drive mechanism. It has a compact structure and small size, and can operate independently, in parallel, or in series, achieving independent switching of the circuit or switching of the circuit's state.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of circuits, specifically to electric vehicles and other DC power distribution fields, and particularly to contact assemblies and multi-position changeover switches used for controlling the switching on and off of at least two external circuits and their series-parallel switching. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing prevalence of 800V platforms in new energy vehicle power systems, the original 400V charging piles can no longer meet charging requirements. Currently, there are two solutions in the industry. Solution one uses a reused electric drive boost method, which is widely adopted by domestic automakers. Its advantages include not occupying space for battery cell placement and maximizing energy density. The disadvantages are significant design modifications, high initial investment, and limited charging power. Solution two divides the battery pack into two battery modules (B1 and B2). Switching between the 400V and 800V platforms is achieved by converting the series and parallel connections of the two modules. Under normal operating conditions, it operates in series mode (800V), switching to parallel mode (400V) when charging at a 400V charging pile. The two 400V platforms (power supply B1 and power supply B2) are controlled by the on / off states of three relays (K1, K2, and K3). This solution is widely used by overseas automakers. Its advantages are minimal changes to the high-voltage system design and higher charging power; the disadvantages are larger space requirements and higher cost.

[0003] The second scheme described above is achieved by setting three relays (K1, K2, K3) in the circuit. See [link / reference] Figure 7 The three-relay solution, besides being bulky and costly, also lacks the mechanical interlocking capability between the three relays, posing a significant safety risk and failing to meet usage requirements. Therefore, the aforementioned problems are urgent technical challenges that need to be addressed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a contact assembly and a multi-position changeover switch device, which achieves switching between different operating states of the two sets of contact assemblies through two sets of contact assemblies and independent drive mechanisms. The independent drive mechanisms drive the corresponding contact assemblies to perform conduction and disconnection actions respectively, and the two sets of contact assemblies can operate independently when necessary.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the contact assembly of the present invention includes: a first group of contact assemblies, a second group of contact assemblies, and a conductive connector; The first group of contact assemblies and the second group of contact assemblies each include a stationary contact assembly and a moving contact. The stationary contact assembly includes a first stationary contact and a second stationary contact that are insulated from each other. One end of the moving contact in the first group of contact assemblies and the second group of contact assemblies is movably and electrically connected to the first stationary contact in the contact assembly in which it is located, and the other end of the moving contact is provided corresponding to the second stationary contact in the contact assembly in which it is located. The conductive connector is fixedly installed at the separation position of the moving contact and the second stationary contact of the two sets of contact assemblies, and is insulated from the second stationary contact. Under external force, the moving contacts in the first and second contact assemblies move synchronously or individually, making conductive contact with or separating from the corresponding stationary contacts, so that the contact assembly achieves at least one of the following operating states: The first working state: when the moving contact is simultaneously in conductive contact with the corresponding second stationary contact, the first group of contact assemblies and the second group of contact assemblies are simultaneously turned on. The second working state: When the moving contacts in the first group of contact assemblies and the second group of contact assemblies are simultaneously in the separated position, the moving contacts of the first group of contact assemblies and the second group of contact assemblies respectively make conductive contact with the conductive connector, so that the first stationary contacts of the first group of contact assemblies and the second group of contact assemblies are connected through the moving contacts and the conductive connector.

[0006] Furthermore, it also includes a third and a fourth working state. The third working state: the moving contact of the first group of contact assemblies is in the separated position, so that the first group of contact assemblies is in a separated state; the moving contact of the second group of contact assemblies is in conductive contact with the corresponding second stationary contact, so that the second group of contact assemblies is in a conductive state. The fourth working state: the moving contact of the first group of contact assemblies is in conductive contact with the corresponding second stationary contact, so that the first group of contact assemblies is in a conductive state; the moving contact of the second group of contact assemblies is in a separated position, so that the second group of contact assemblies is in a separated state. Driven by an external force, the moving contacts in the first group of contact assemblies and the second group of contact assemblies are synchronously or individually displaced, making conductive contact or separating from the corresponding second stationary contact, so that the contact assembly is in one of four working states.

[0007] Furthermore, the moving contact is electrically connected to the first stationary contact via a conductive flexible connector.

[0008] Furthermore, a driving element is provided corresponding to the conductive connector. When the moving contacts of the first group of contact assemblies and the second group of contact assemblies are in the separated position and simultaneously in conductive contact with the conductive connector, in the event of an abnormal situation, the driving element releases a driving force according to the received trigger signal, which acts on the conductive connector, causing the conductive connector to move away from the separated position or to disconnect the conductive connector, breaking the series connection between the first stationary contacts of the two groups of contact assemblies, so that the moving contact is in a fifth working state. The fifth working state is: the moving contacts are respectively in the separated position, and there is no conduction between the first stationary contacts of the first group of contact assemblies and the second group of contact assemblies.

[0009] Furthermore, the driving element is an excitation component.

[0010] Furthermore, the excitation component includes an excitation source and an excitation actuator. The excitation actuator is configured corresponding to the conductive connector. The driving force released by the excitation source acts directly on the excitation actuator or acts on the excitation actuator through the air passage, driving the excitation actuator to move. The excitation actuator then drives the conductive connector to move or breaks the conductive connector.

[0011] Furthermore, the excitation source is a gas generating device.

[0012] Furthermore, the conductive connector is supported by a support structure, and the support structure is disconnected when the excitation actuator drives the conductive connector to move.

[0013] Furthermore, the moving contacts of the first group of contact assemblies and the second group of contact assemblies are respectively mounted on their corresponding support assemblies, and external force drives the support assemblies to move the moving contacts.

[0014] Furthermore, the support assembly includes a base and a U-shaped bracket. The open end of the U-shaped bracket is connected and fixed to the base. The movable contact passes through the base and the U-shaped bracket. Contact springs are respectively provided between the movable contact and the base and between the movable contact and the U-shaped bracket.

[0015] Furthermore, the first stationary contact and the second stationary contact of the first group of contact assemblies and the second group of contact assemblies are connected in series in different external circuits. The first stationary contact and the second stationary contact of the first group of contact assemblies are respectively connected to the positive power supply of the external circuits where the two groups of contact assemblies are located, and the first stationary contact and the second stationary contact of the second group of contact assemblies are respectively connected to the negative power supply of the external circuits where the two groups of contact assemblies are located. The polarity of the power supply connected to the first stationary contact that is conductively connected to the moving contact in the two groups of contact assemblies is opposite.

[0016] The present invention also provides a multi-position changeover switch device, comprising a contact assembly as described in any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the moving contacts of the first group of contact assemblies and the second group of contact assemblies are driven by at least one set of driving mechanisms, and the driving mechanisms drive the moving contacts of the first group of contact assemblies and the second group of contact assemblies to move synchronously or independently, so that the moving contacts switch between different working states.

[0017] Furthermore, the driving mechanism is an electromagnetic driving mechanism or a motor driving mechanism combined with a cam mechanism; the support component is connected to the electromagnetic driving mechanism through a linearly displaced push rod, or the support component abuts against the cam curve of the cam of the cam mechanism through a linearly displaced push rod.

[0018] Furthermore, a cam curve groove is provided on the side of the cam, one end of the drive shaft abuts against the cam curve groove, and the other end is connected and fixed to the push rod. The rotation of the cam drives the drive shaft to make linear displacement with the push rod.

[0019] Furthermore, when the push rod is driven to make linear displacement by the cam curve on the outer periphery of the cam, a reaction spring is sleeved on the push rod. Limiting structures are respectively provided at both ends of the reaction spring. The limiting structure at the end of the reaction spring facing the cam is provided on the push rod. When the cam drives the push rod to make conductive contact with the corresponding stationary contact, the reaction spring is compressed by the limiting structure. When the cam loses its driving force on the push rod, the elastic force of the reaction spring drives the push rod to reset the moving contact.

[0020] The contact assembly and multi-position changeover switch of the present invention can realize the independent switching of at least two external circuits and the series-parallel switching between at least two external circuits. At the same time, by adding an excitation component, when one of the two external circuits fails, the excitation component disconnects the conductive connection and switches the changeover switch to two independent switching devices, so that the two switching devices can operate independently, realize the independent operation of a single external circuit, and ensure the continuous and stable operation of the load.

[0021] The multi-station changeover switch device of the present invention integrates series-parallel switching action, and by setting an excitation component, it realizes the function of switching one switching device into two independent switching devices. One multi-station changeover switch device of the present invention can replace at least three relays. It has a compact structure, small size, and occupies little space. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention in a series configuration.

[0023] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention in a parallel configuration.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a structure in which the conductive connector is moved away from the separation position and the moving contact by an excitation component, and is powered by only one of the power supply circuits.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram for parallel connection. The area within the dashed box represents the structure of the multi-station changeover switch device of this invention.

[0026] Figure 5 This is a circuit diagram of the series connection. The area within the dashed box represents the structure of the multi-station changeover switch device of this invention.

[0027] Figure 6 This is a circuit diagram showing how the excitation component drives the conductive connector away from the separated position when the components are in series. The area within the dashed box represents the structure of the multi-position changeover switch device of this invention.

[0028] Figure 7 It is a circuit schematic diagram of existing technology.

[0029] Figure Labels First stationary contact 1, second stationary contact 2, first stationary contact 3, second stationary contact 4, first moving contact 5, second moving contact 6, first driving mechanism 7, second driving mechanism 8, flexible connector 9, flexible connector 10, conductive connector 11, support structure 12, contact spring 13, base 14, U-shaped bracket 15, partition 16. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The contact assembly of the present invention includes a first group of contact assemblies, a second group of contact assemblies, and a conductive connector; The first group of contact assemblies and the second group of contact assemblies each include a stationary contact assembly and a moving contact. The stationary contact assembly includes a first stationary contact and a second stationary contact that are insulated from each other. One end of the moving contact in the first group of contact assemblies and the second group of contact assemblies is movably and electrically connected to the first stationary contact in the contact assembly in which it is located, and the other end of the moving contact is set to correspond to the second stationary contact in the contact assembly in which it is located. The conductive connector is fixedly installed at the separation position of the moving contact and the second stationary contact of the two sets of contact assemblies, and is insulated from the second stationary contact. Driven by an external force, the moving contacts in the first and second contact assemblies move synchronously or individually, making conductive contact with or separating from the corresponding second stationary contact, so that the contact assembly achieves at least one of the following operating states: The first working state: When the moving contact makes conductive contact with the corresponding second stationary contact at the same time, the first group of contact assemblies and the second group of contact assemblies are simultaneously turned on. The second working state: When the moving contacts in the first group of contact assemblies and the second group of contact assemblies are simultaneously in the separated position, the moving contacts of the first group of contact assemblies and the second group of contact assemblies respectively make conductive contact with the conductive connector, so that the first stationary contacts of the first group of contact assemblies and the second group of contact assemblies are connected through the moving contacts and the conductive connector.

[0031] Preferably, it also includes a third working state and a fourth working state. The third working state: the moving contact of the first group of contact assembly is in the separated position, so that the first group of contact assembly is in the separated state; the moving contact of the second group of contact assembly is in conductive contact with the corresponding second stationary contact, so that the second group of contact assembly is in the conductive state. The fourth working state: the moving contact of the first group of contact assemblies is in conductive contact with the corresponding second stationary contact, so that the first group of contact assemblies is in the conducting state; the moving contact of the second group of contact assemblies is in the separated position, so that the second group of contact assemblies is in the separated state. Driven by an external force, the moving contacts in the first and second contact assemblies move synchronously or individually, making conductive contact or separating from the corresponding second stationary contact, thus placing the contact assembly in one of four working states.

[0032] The aforementioned contact assembly is used in a multi-position changeover switch. The moving contacts of the first and second sets of contact assemblies are driven by at least one set of drive mechanisms. The drive mechanisms drive the moving contacts of the first and second sets of contact assemblies to move synchronously or independently, switching the moving contacts between the required operating states depending on the specific situation. The drive mechanism serves as the external force driving the contact assembly.

[0033] The following describes preferred embodiments in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The directional terms used are for reference only and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solution of this invention.

[0034] The multi-station changeover switch device of the present invention is described in detail below. Figures 1 to 3 It includes two independent sets of contact assemblies and driving mechanisms; each set of contact assemblies is driven by a cooperating driving mechanism to achieve the closing and opening of the contact assembly. An insulation gap is set between the two sets of contact assemblies.

[0035] Each contact assembly includes a stationary contact assembly and a moving contact. The first stationary contact assembly of the first group of contact assemblies includes a first stationary contact 1 and a second stationary contact 2 that are insulated from each other. The first moving contact 5 is electrically connected to the first stationary contact 1 through a conductive flexible connector 9. The second stationary contact 2 is located on the displacement path of the first moving contact 5. The first driving mechanism 7 drives the first moving contact 5 to move toward the second stationary contact 2, so that the first moving contact 5 and the second stationary contact 2 make conductive contact, thereby establishing a connection between the first stationary contact 1 and the second stationary contact 2.

[0036] The second stationary contact assembly of the second group of contact assemblies includes a first stationary contact 3 and a second stationary contact 4 that are insulated from each other. The second moving contact 6 is electrically connected to the first stationary contact 3 through a conductive flexible connector 10. The second stationary contact 4 is located on the displacement path of the second moving contact 6. The second driving mechanism 8 drives the second moving contact 6 to move toward the second stationary contact 4, so that the second moving contact 6 and the second stationary contact 4 make conductive contact, thereby making the first stationary contact 3 and the second stationary contact 4 conductive.

[0037] The first stationary contact (1, 3) and the second stationary contact (2, 4) serve as the four terminals of the changeover switch device and can be connected to an external circuit. The stationary contact assemblies of each group of contact assemblies are connected in series in the same external circuit. That is, the first stationary contact 1 and the second stationary contact 2 in the first group of stationary contact assemblies are connected in series in one external circuit, and the first stationary contact 3 and the second stationary contact 4 in the second group of stationary contact assemblies are connected in series in another external circuit.

[0038] A conductive connector 11 is provided at the separation position of the first moving contact 5 and the second moving contact 6. The conductive connector 11 is preferably a long strip plate structure. Of course, the first moving contact 5 and the second moving contact 6 are preferably long strip plate structures. When the first moving contact 5 and the second moving contact 6 are in the separation position, the first stationary contact 1 and the second stationary contact 2 are separated, and the first stationary contact 3 and the second stationary contact 4 are also separated; the first moving contact 5 and the second moving contact 6 respectively make conductive contact with the conductive connector 11, so that the first stationary contact 1 and the first stationary contact 3 are connected.

[0039] The conductive connector 11 is preferably disposed between the first moving contact 5 and the second moving contact 6. Both ends of the conductive connector 11 are supported by an insulating support structure 12. The support structure 12 is easily broken under external force, thus losing its support for the conductive connector 11. The support structure 12 is fixed to one side of the support column, which is fixedly disposed on the partition 16 between the isolation drive mechanism and the contact assembly.

[0040] To switch between parallel and series connection between the circuits containing the two sets of contact assemblies, the first and second stationary contacts of the first set of contact assemblies are connected to the positive power supply of the circuits containing the two sets of contact assemblies, respectively. Conversely, the first and second stationary contacts of the second set of contact assemblies are connected to the negative power supply of the circuits containing the two sets of contact assemblies, respectively. Parallel connection between the circuits containing the two sets of contact assemblies is achieved through the conduction of each set of contact assemblies. (See [link / reference]). Figure 2 As shown, the circuit containing the two sets of contact assemblies is connected in series through the first stationary contact, the first moving contact, the second moving contact, and the conductive connector. (See attached diagram.) Figure 1 As shown.

[0041] A driving element is provided corresponding to the conductive connector 11. The driving element can release mechanical force, high-pressure gas, etc., as a driving force. The driving element releases the driving force according to the trigger signal and acts on the conductive connector 11. In this embodiment, the driving element is an excitation component (not shown). Figure 3 The arrows shown indicate the direction of the force applied by the excitation component. The excitation component includes an excitation source and an excitation actuator. The excitation actuator is positioned corresponding to the conductive connector 11, and the excitation source is positioned corresponding to the excitation actuator or through a gas passage. The excitation source is generally a gas generator capable of receiving a trigger signal and releasing high-pressure gas as a driving force. The released high-pressure gas acts directly on the excitation actuator, or it can act on the excitation actuator through the provided gas passage, driving the excitation actuator to displace toward the conductive connector 11. The displacement energy of the excitation actuator acts on the conductive connector 11, and the support structure 12 disconnects under the displacement energy of the excitation actuator. The excitation actuator then drives the conductive connector 11 to displace away from the separation position. (See reference...) Figure 3 Alternatively, the conductive connector 11 can be directly broken by the displacement energy of the excitation actuator, thus insulating the disconnected portions of the conductive connector 11. During installation, the excitation actuator needs a displacement channel isolated from the contact assembly and drive mechanism. The high-pressure gas released from the excitation source also needs to be isolated from the chamber containing the contact assembly and drive mechanism to prevent damage to these components. Furthermore, it must be ensured that when the high-pressure gas acts on the excitation actuator, it has sufficient driving force to displace the actuator, thereby driving the conductive connector away from the separation position and the moving contact, or breaking the conductive connector.

[0042] When the first moving contact 5 and the second moving contact 6 are in the separated position, making the first stationary contact 1 and the first stationary contact 3 conductive, if the circuit connecting the first stationary contact 1 and the first stationary contact 3 malfunctions and insulation between the first stationary contact 1 and the first stationary contact 3 needs to be achieved in the separated position, the excitation component can be used to move the conductive connector 11 away from the separated position or disconnect it, thus preventing the first stationary contact 1 and the first stationary contact 3 from conducting in the separated position. When the first stationary contact 1 and the first stationary contact 3 cannot conduct in the separated position, the first driving mechanism and the corresponding first group of contact assemblies, and the second driving mechanism and the corresponding second group of contact assemblies independently perform the conduction and disconnection of each group of contact assemblies. Alternatively, only the first driving mechanism and the corresponding first group of contact assemblies can perform the conduction and disconnection, while the second driving mechanism and the corresponding second group of contacts do not operate and remain in the disconnected state. Alternatively, only the second driving mechanism and the corresponding second group of contact assemblies can perform the conduction and disconnection, while the first driving mechanism and the corresponding first group of contact assemblies remain in the separated position and do not operate. See also Figure 3 The excitation component drives the conductive connector 11 away from the separation position. The second group of contact components fails to operate, and only the first group of contact components and the first drive mechanism perform the conduction and disconnection work.

[0043] To improve contact reliability, contact springs 13 are respectively provided at the first moving contact 5 and the second moving contact 6. The contact springs 13 provide contact pressure, thereby improving contact reliability. The first moving contact 5 and the second moving contact 6 are respectively supported by support assemblies equipped with contact springs 13. The support assembly includes a base 14 and a U-shaped bracket 15. The open end of the U-shaped bracket 15 is connected and fixed to the base 14, forming an accommodating space between the base 14 and the U-shaped bracket 15. The moving contact passes through the accommodating space between the base 14 and the U-shaped bracket 15. Contact springs 13 are respectively provided between the moving contact and the base 14, and between the moving contact and the top of the U-shaped bracket 14. The contact springs 13 are always in a compressed state. Of course, the support assembly is not limited to the above structure; it only needs to ensure that the contact springs 13 can provide contact pressure when the moving contact contacts the stationary contact and the conductive connector, thereby improving contact reliability. Moreover, the presence of the contact springs 13 can buffer the impact force generated during contact.

[0044] When the first moving contact 5 makes conductive contact with the second stationary contact 2, and at the same time, the second moving contact 6 makes conductive contact with the second stationary contact 4, the first moving contact 5 and the second moving contact 6 are in the first working state. At this time, the first group of contact assemblies and the second group of contact assemblies are each turned on, and can simultaneously control the external circuits in which they are located to be turned on, so that the external circuits in which the first group of contact assemblies and the second group of contact assemblies are located are connected in parallel.

[0045] When the first moving contact 5 and the second moving contact 6 are in the separated position, the first moving contact 5 and the second moving contact 6 are in conductive contact with the conductive connector 11, so that the first stationary contact 1 and the first stationary contact 3 are connected, and the external circuits containing the first group of contact assemblies and the second group of contact assemblies are connected in series. At this time, the first moving contact 5 and the second moving contact 6, which are in the separated position, are in the second working state.

[0046] In the first and second operating states, the first moving contact 5 and the second moving contact 6 are synchronously displaced in the same direction. When the first moving contact 5 and the second moving contact 6 are displaced in opposite directions, there are two other operating states: When the first moving contact 5 is in the conductive contact position with the second stationary contact 2, the first contact assembly is turned on, and the external circuit where the first contact assembly is located is turned on. At the same time, the second moving contact 6 is in the separated position, and the second moving contact 6 is separated from the second stationary contact 4, which disconnects the second contact assembly and disconnects the external circuit where the second contact assembly is located. In this case, only the external circuit where the first contact assembly is located works. In this case, the first moving contact 5 and the second moving contact 6 are in the third working state.

[0047] When the first moving contact 5 is in the separated position, it disconnects the first contact assembly and disconnects the external circuit where the first contact assembly is located. At the same time, the second moving contact 6 is in the conductive contact position with the second stationary contact 4, which makes the second contact assembly conductive and connects the external circuit where the second contact assembly is located. In this case, only the external circuit where the second contact assembly is located works. In this case, the first moving contact 5 and the second moving contact 6 are in the fourth working state.

[0048] In the third and fourth operating states, only the external circuit containing one set of contact components operates.

[0049] In both the first and second working states, the circuits containing the two sets of contact assemblies are operational. However, in the first working state, the external circuits containing the two sets of contact assemblies operate in parallel, while in the second working state, the external circuits containing the two sets of contact assemblies operate in series.

[0050] When the moving contacts of the first and second contact assemblies are simultaneously in conductive contact with the conductive connector at the separated position, in the event of an abnormality, the excitation source releases a driving force according to the received trigger signal, driving the conductive connector away from the separated position and the moving contact, or breaking the conductive connector by the driving force, disconnecting the series connection between the first stationary contacts of the two contact assemblies; the moving contact can also be in a fifth working state: when the moving contacts are in the separated position, there is no conduction between the first stationary contacts of the first and second contact assemblies, and the two contact assemblies can independently conduct and disconnect, allowing the external circuits containing the two contact assemblies to operate independently; alternatively, one group of contact assemblies can conduct and disconnect while the other group of contact assemblies does not operate, allowing the external circuit containing the contact assembly that can continue to conduct and disconnect to operate. In this case, one group of contact assemblies is called the redundant setting of the other group of contact assemblies, ensuring the normal operation of the other group of contact assemblies when one group of contact assemblies malfunctions.

[0051] The first drive mechanism 7 and the second drive mechanism 8 can be driven by electromagnetic mechanisms or by a combination of motor drive mechanisms and cam mechanisms. In the case of an electromagnetic drive mechanism, the support assembly 14 is connected to the moving iron core of the electromagnetic drive mechanism via a linearly displaceable push rod. The electromagnetic drive mechanism drives the support assembly 14 to move the moving contact linearly. Electromagnetic drive mechanisms are conventional drive mechanisms for contactors and relays, and will not be described in detail here. For specific structures, please refer to existing electromagnetic drive mechanisms for contactors and relays.

[0052] The motor drive mechanism is combined with a cam mechanism. The support assembly 14 is fixedly connected to one end of the drive shaft via a linear displacement push rod. The other end of the drive shaft is located in the cam curve groove of the cam mechanism. The motor drive mechanism drives the cam mechanism to rotate, providing lifting and pulling forces to the support assembly 14 and the moving contact through the cam curve groove. The lifting force provided by the cam mechanism drives the support assembly 14, along with the moving contact, to make conductive contact with the second stationary contact. When disconnected, the pulling force provided by the cam mechanism drives the support assembly 14, along with the moving contact, to disengage from the second stationary contact and return to the separated position. The motor drive mechanism is connected to the cam mechanism via a reducer. The reducer can be a worm gear mechanism or a gear transmission mechanism. The gear transmission mechanism uses two meshing gears. One gear is coaxially fixed to the cam of the cam mechanism, and the other gear is coaxially fixed to the worm gear. The worm gear is fixedly connected to the motor output shaft. The motor drives the worm gear to rotate, which in turn drives the worm gear, which in turn drives the other gear, which is coaxially fixed to the cam, to rotate, ultimately driving the cam to rotate. The attached figure shows an electromagnetic drive mechanism.

[0053] Alternatively, the cam curve on the outer periphery of the cam can be used to provide the driving force for the moving contact and stationary contact to make conductive contact with the support assembly 14. By setting a limiting structure on the outer periphery of the push rod and setting a reaction spring at the limiting structure, when the cam rotates and drives the moving contact and stationary contact to make conductive contact, the reaction spring is compressed; when the cam continues to rotate and the push rod gradually loses the driving force of the cam, the push rod, along with the support assembly and the moving contact, returns to the separated position under the elastic force of the reaction spring.

[0054] In the aforementioned multi-position changeover switch device, two sets of contact assemblies are connected in series in different power supply circuits, and each set of contact assemblies is connected to the positive and negative terminals of the respective power supply circuits. Specifically, the two stationary contacts of the first set of contact assemblies are connected to the positive terminal of the respective power supply circuit, and the two stationary contacts of the second set of contact assemblies are connected to the negative terminal of the respective power supply circuit. Furthermore, in both sets of contact assemblies, the stationary contacts connected to the moving contacts are connected to the opposite electrodes of the respective power supply circuits. For example, the first stationary contact of the first set of contact assemblies is connected to the positive terminal of one power supply circuit, and the first stationary contact of the second set of contact assemblies is connected to the negative terminal of another power supply circuit. When both sets of contact assemblies are closed and conducting, their respective circuits are connected in parallel. When the two sets of contact assemblies are in the separated position, the first stationary contact of the first set of contact assemblies and the first stationary contact of the second set of contact assemblies are connected through the conductive connector 11, thus connecting the circuits of the two sets of contact assemblies in series. When the circuits containing the two sets of contact assemblies do not need to be connected in series due to abnormal circumstances, the conductive connector is driven away from the moving contact and the separation position by the excitation component or the conductive connector is directly disconnected, so that the two sets of contact assemblies can independently conduct and disconnect their respective circuits under the drive of their respective drive mechanisms.

[0055] Taking the circuit containing power supplies (B1, B2) as an example, please refer to its circuit schematic. Figure 4 The first stationary contact 1 and the second stationary contact 2 of the first group of contact assemblies are connected in series in the circuit containing power supply B1. The first stationary contact 3 and the second stationary contact 4 of the second group of contact assemblies are connected in series in the circuit containing power supply B2. The first stationary contact 1 of the first group of contact assemblies is connected to the positive terminal B1+ of power supply B1, and the second stationary contact 2 of the first group of contact assemblies is connected to the positive terminal B2+ of power supply B2. The first stationary contact 3 of the second group of contact assemblies is connected to the negative terminal B2- of power supply B2, and the second stationary contact 4 of the second group of contact assemblies is connected to the negative terminal B1- of power supply B1. The positive terminal of power supply B2 is used as the positive terminal of the overall system, and the negative terminal of power supply B1 is used as the negative terminal of the overall system.

[0056] When the first driving mechanism 7 drives the first moving contact 5 to move, causing the first stationary contact 1 of the first group of contact assemblies to make conductive contact with the second stationary contact 2, the circuit containing the BI power supply is connected through the conduction between the first stationary contact 1 and the second stationary contact 2 of the first group of contact assemblies; when the second driving mechanism 8 drives the second moving contact 6 to move, causing the first stationary contact 3 of the second group of contact assemblies to make conductive contact with the second stationary contact 4, the circuit containing the B2 power supply is connected through the conduction between the first stationary contact 3 and the second stationary contact 4 of the second group of contact assemblies; when the circuit containing the BI power supply and the circuit containing the B2 power supply are both connected, the circuit containing the BI power supply and the circuit containing the B2 power supply are connected in parallel, see the parallel connection diagram. Figure 2 and circuit principles Figure 5 .

[0057] When the first driving mechanism 7 and the second driving mechanism 8 separate the first moving contact 5 and the second moving contact 6, the first moving contact 5 and the second moving contact 6 respectively make conductive contact with the conductive connector 11. At this time, the first stationary contact 1 of the first group of contact assemblies and the first stationary contact 3 of the second group of contact assemblies are connected through the first moving contact 5, the second moving contact 6 and the conductive connector 11. That is, the positive terminal B1+ of the circuit where power supply B1 is located is connected to the negative terminal B2- of the circuit where power supply B2 is located, so that the circuit where power supply B1 is located and the circuit where power supply B2 is located are connected in series. See the series connection. Figure 1 and circuit principles Figure 6 .

[0058] When the set conditions are met, if the circuit containing the BI power supply does not need to be connected in series with the circuit containing the B2 power supply, and only the circuit containing one of the power supplies needs to work, or if the circuits containing both power supplies are connected in parallel and work independently, a trigger signal is sent to the excitation source through the external control system. (See [link / reference]). Figure 6The excitation source activates, driving the excitation actuator to displace. The actuator then drives the conductive connector 11 away from the separation position and away from the first and second moving contacts. This prevents the first and second moving contacts from making conductive contact with the conductive connector 11 when they are in the separation position, thus preventing the circuit containing the BI power supply and the circuit containing the B2 power supply from being connected in series when separated. Alternatively, the actuator can break the conductive connector 11, making the two ends of the broken connector insulated and non-conductive. Even if the first and second moving contacts make conductive contact with the two ends of the conductive connector 11 when separated, the circuit containing the BI power supply and the circuit containing the B2 power supply cannot be connected in series because the two ends of the connector are insulated and non-conductive. In this case, only one circuit containing either the BI or B2 power supply can operate as needed. (See [link to relevant documentation]). Figure 3 When the conductive connector 11 is away from the disconnected position, one of the power supply circuits operates independently, satisfying the limp-out function under specific conditions. For example, a dual-core battery pack in an electric vehicle, in addition to solving the charging of an 800V system at a 400V charging station through Scheme 2 in the background technology, also requires a limp-out function after a battery pack failure. When one battery module fails, that battery module can be disconnected, and the other battery module can provide independent power, effectively solving the problem of vehicle breakdown or other unsafe accidents caused by battery pack failure.

[0059] The multi-position switching device of this invention, when applied to the two 400V voltage platform circuits of an electric vehicle, can switch between parallel and series connections of the two 400V voltage platforms using a single multi-position switching device. Furthermore, in the series connection scenario, if an abnormal situation occurs, such as a failure of one of the 400V voltage platforms, the series connection between the two 400V voltage platforms can be disconnected, allowing normal operation only through the normal 400V voltage platform. This provides the entire power supply system with a limp-out function, improving safety performance.

Claims

1. A contact assembly, characterized in that, include: The first group of contact assemblies, the second group of contact assemblies, and conductive connectors; The first group of contact assemblies and the second group of contact assemblies each include a stationary contact assembly and a moving contact. The stationary contact assembly includes a first stationary contact and a second stationary contact that are insulated from each other. One end of the moving contact in the first group of contact assemblies and the second group of contact assemblies is movably and electrically connected to the first stationary contact in the contact assembly in which it is located, and the other end of the moving contact is provided corresponding to the second stationary contact in the contact assembly in which it is located. The conductive connector is fixedly installed at the separation position of the moving contact and the second stationary contact of the two sets of contact assemblies, and is insulated from the second stationary contact. Under external force, the moving contacts in the first and second contact assemblies move synchronously or individually, making conductive contact with or separating from the corresponding stationary contacts, so that the contact assembly achieves at least one of the following operating states: First working state: When the moving contact is simultaneously in conductive contact with the corresponding second stationary contact, the first group of contact assemblies and the second group of contact assemblies are simultaneously turned on. The second working state: When the moving contacts in the first group of contact assemblies and the second group of contact assemblies are simultaneously in the separated position, the moving contacts of the first group of contact assemblies and the second group of contact assemblies respectively make conductive contact with the conductive connector, so that the first stationary contacts of the first group of contact assemblies and the second group of contact assemblies are connected through the moving contacts and the conductive connector.

2. The contact assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a third and a fourth working state. The third working state: the moving contact of the first group of contact assemblies is in the separated position, so that the first group of contact assemblies is in a separated state; the moving contact of the second group of contact assemblies is in conductive contact with the corresponding second stationary contact, so that the second group of contact assemblies is in a conductive state. The fourth working state: the moving contact of the first group of contact assemblies is in conductive contact with the corresponding second stationary contact, so that the first group of contact assemblies is in a conductive state; the moving contact of the second group of contact assemblies is in a separated position, so that the second group of contact assemblies is in a separated state. Driven by an external force, the moving contacts in the first group of contact assemblies and the second group of contact assemblies are synchronously or individually displaced, making conductive contact or separating from the corresponding second stationary contact, so that the contact assembly is in one of four working states.

3. The contact assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The moving contact is electrically connected to the first stationary contact via a conductive flexible connector.

4. The contact assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, A driving element is provided corresponding to the conductive connector. When the moving contacts of the first group of contact assemblies and the second group of contact assemblies are in the separated position and are in conductive contact with the conductive connector, in case of an abnormal situation, the driving element releases driving force according to the received trigger signal, acts on the conductive connector, and causes the conductive connector to move away from the separated position or disconnects the conductive connector, breaking the series connection between the first stationary contacts of the two groups of contact assemblies, so that the moving contact is in the fifth working state. The fifth working state is: the moving contacts are in the separated position, and there is no conduction between the first stationary contacts of the first group of contact assemblies and the second group of contact assemblies.

5. The contact assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that, The driving element is an excitation component.

6. The contact assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that, The excitation component includes an excitation source and an excitation actuator. The excitation actuator is configured corresponding to the conductive connector. The driving force released by the excitation source acts directly on the excitation actuator or acts on the excitation actuator through the air passage, driving the excitation actuator to move. The excitation actuator then drives the conductive connector to move or breaks the conductive connector.

7. The contact assembly according to claim 6, characterized in that, The excitation source is a gas generator.

8. The contact assembly according to claim 6, characterized in that, The conductive connector is supported by a support structure. When the excitation actuator drives the conductive connector to move, the support structure is disconnected.

9. The contact assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The moving contacts of the first group of contact assemblies and the second group of contact assemblies are respectively mounted on their corresponding support assemblies, and external force drives the support assemblies to move the moving contacts.

10. The contact assembly according to claim 9, characterized in that, The support assembly includes a base and a U-shaped bracket. The open end of the U-shaped bracket is connected and fixed to the base. The movable contact passes between the base and the U-shaped bracket. Contact springs are respectively provided between the movable contact and the base and between the movable contact and the U-shaped bracket.

11. The contact assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first stationary contact and the second stationary contact of the first group of contact assemblies and the second group of contact assemblies are connected in series in different external circuits. The first stationary contact and the second stationary contact of the first group of contact assemblies are respectively connected to the positive power supply of the external circuits in which the two groups of contact assemblies are located, and the first stationary contact and the second stationary contact of the second group of contact assemblies are respectively connected to the negative power supply of the external circuits in which the two groups of contact assemblies are located. The polarity of the power supply connected to the first stationary contact that is conductively connected to the moving contact in the two groups of contact assemblies is opposite.

12. A multi-position changeover switch device, characterized in that, The contact assembly includes the contact assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the moving contacts of the first group of contact assemblies and the second group of contact assemblies are driven by at least one group of driving mechanisms, and the driving mechanisms drive the moving contacts of the first group of contact assemblies and the second group of contact assemblies to move synchronously or independently, so that the moving contacts switch between different working states.

13. The multi-position changeover switch device according to claim 12, characterized in that, The driving mechanism is an electromagnetic driving mechanism or a motor driving mechanism combined with a cam mechanism; the support component is connected to the electromagnetic driving mechanism through a linearly displaced push rod, or the support component abuts against the cam curve of the cam of the cam mechanism through a linearly displaced push rod.

14. The multi-position changeover switch device according to claim 13, characterized in that, A cam curve groove is provided on the side of the cam. One end of the drive shaft abuts against the cam curve groove, and the other end is connected and fixed to the push rod. The rotation of the cam drives the drive shaft to make linear displacement with the push rod.

15. The multi-station changeover switch device according to claim 13, characterized in that, When the push rod is driven to make linear displacement by the cam curve on the outer peripheral surface of the cam, a reaction spring is sleeved on the push rod. The two ends of the reaction spring are respectively provided with limit structures. The limit structure at the end of the reaction spring facing the cam is provided on the push rod. When the cam drives the push rod to make conductive contact with the corresponding stationary contact, the reaction spring is compressed by the limit structure. When the cam loses its driving force on the push rod, the elastic force of the reaction spring drives the push rod to reset the moving contact.

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